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Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities
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1
CURRENT ASSETS (流動資産)
代表的な資産は
Cash (現金)
Marketable Securities (有価証券)
Accounts Receivable (売掛金)
Notes Receivable (手形)
Inventories (商品在庫)
Prepaid expenses (前払い費用)
1. Cash で重要なのは:
Definition, Cash Equivalents, Bank Reconciliation
2. Marketable Securities で重要なのは:
他社の株や社債を投資目的で購入している場合の会計処理です。特に株式の場合、カテゴリー
は持株比率により 3 つあります。
持株比率 0~20%:このカテゴリーが Marketable Securities と呼び、Cost method で処理
します。Asset 1 でまさに学びます。
20~50%:Equity Method (持分法), 税効果会計と連結の Topic で学習します。
50%以上の持株比率:連結。Consolidations.
3. Accounts Receivable では:
Bad Debts Expense (貸倒費用) の計上法がポイントになります。
4. Notes Receivable では:
現在価値です。日本人受験生が苦手とする Topic です。
5. Inventories では:
なんといっても Pricing でしょう。いろんな Method で 12 月 31 日の Inventory 残高を算出しま
す。
6. Prepaid expenses は Non-Factor だね!いくつか過去問題が問題集に出ていたりしますが、3
年に 1 回、1 問でるかな―?
総括:
CPA の試験では 1~5 が満遍なく出題されます。難しい Topic ではないのでグイグイ覚えていきまし
ょう。
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
CASHA. Definition
1. Cash on the balance sheet is that is & and available to be spent in
2. Be careful of cash you can’t Examples: a.
b.
c.
B. Cash Equivalents
Three-Month Rule: Highly liquid securities with an maturity of _____________________ or less are treated as cash.
Examples: a.
b.
c.
C. Bank Reconciliation ― Primary area for exam questions
Work space and additional notes:
money free clearcurrent operationspend in current operation
security depositcompensating bank balancebond sinking fund
originalthree month
CDT-BillsCP
CD (Certificate of Deposit)
( Treasury Bills ) T-Bills
CP (Commercial Paper)
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 1 1. In preparing its August 31, Year 2 bank reconciliation, Apex Corp. had available the following information:
Balance per bank statement, 8/31 $18,050 Deposit in transit, 8/31 3,250 Return of customer’s check for insufficient funds, 8/31 600 Outstanding checks, 8/31 2,750 Bank service charges for August 100
At August 31, Year 2, Apex’s correct cash balance is
a. $18,550 b. $17,950 c. $17,850 d. $17,550 Work Space: Bank Balance, 8/31 $ Deposit in Transit Returned Check Outstanding Checks Service Charges Correct Cash Balance $ Additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice question 2.
○
18,050+3,250NO
-2,750NO
18,550
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 2 2. The following information pertains to Grey Co. at December 31, 20X3: Checkbook balance $12,000 Bank statement balance 16,000 Check drawn on Grey’s account, payable to a vendor, dated and recorded 12/31/X3 but not mailed until 1/10/X4 1,800 On Grey’s December 31, 20X3 balance sheet, what amount should be reported as cash? a. $12,000 b. $13,800 c. $14,200 d. $16,000
(4827)
Cash in checking account $ Held check Cash and cash equivalents $
Adjusting Journal Entry: Cash Accounts Work space and notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice questions 3-6.
○
12,000+ 1,800
13,800
payable1,800
1,800
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 3 - 6
3. At October 31st Dingo Inc. had cash accounts at three different banks. One accountbalance is segregated solely for a November 15th payment into a bond sinking fund. A second account, used for branch operations, is overdrawn. The third account, used for regular corporate operations, has a positive balance. How should these accounts be reported in Dingo’s October 31st classified balance sheet?
a. The segregated account should be reported as a noncurrent asset, the regular accountshould be reported as a current asset and the overdraft should be reported as a currentliability.
b. The segregated and regular accounts should be reported as current assets, and theoverdraft should be reported as a current liability.
c. The segregated account should be reported as a noncurrent asset, and the regularaccount should be reported as a current asset net of the overdraft.
d. The segregated and regular accounts should be reported as current assets net of theoverdraft.
(3446)
Work space and notes:
※”C” will be the answer if this is only one bank.
※
○
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
6
Items 4 and 5 are based on the following data:
Poe Inc. had the following bank reconciliation at March 31:
Balance per bank statement, 3/31 Add: Deposit in transit
Less: Outstanding checks Balance per books, 3/31
Data per bank for the month of April 20X7 follow:
Deposits Disbursements
All reconciling items at March 31 cleared the bank in April. Outstanding checks at April 30 totaled $7,000. There were no deposits in transit at April 30.
4. What is the correct cash balance at April 30?
a. $48,200b. $52,900c. $55,200d. $58,500
(0875) Bank Balance, 3/31 DepositsDisbursementsBank Balance, 4/30 Outstanding ChecksBook Balance, 4/30
Work space and notes:
○
$46,50010,30056,800(12,600)
$ 44,200
$58,40049,700
$46,50058,400-49,700
$55,200-7,000
$48,200
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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5. What is the amount of cash disbursements per books in April?
a. $44,100b. $49,200c. $54,300d. $56,700
(9003) Disbursements per Bank Outstanding Checks, 3/31 Outstanding Checks, 4/30 Disbursements per Book
6. At June 30, Almond Co.’s cash balance was $10,012 before adjustments, while itsending bank statement balance was $10,772. Check number 101 was issued June 2 in the amount of $95, but was erroneously recorded in Almond’s general ledger balance as $59. Thecheck was correctly listed in the bank statement at $95. The bank statement also included a credit memo for interest earned in the amount of $35, and a debit memo for monthly service charges in the amount of $50. What was Almond’s adjusted cash balance at June 30?
a. $9,598b. $9,961c. $10,048d. $10,462
(8106)
Unadjusted Cash Balance at 6/30 Check error Interest income Service Charge Adjusted Cash Balance
Work space and notes:
49,700-12,600+7,00044,100
○
10,012-36+35-50
9,961
Answer is b.
○
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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DIRECT WRITE-OFF METHOD
A. Accounting for Bad Debts ― Two Methods
1.
2.
B. Direct Write-off Method
1. No entry for bad debts until customer
2. At default, the customer’s account is
Example Journal Entry
Year 1: Accounts receivable Sales
Year 4: Bad debt expense Accounts receivable
3. Theoretically, the direct write-off method is because of the concept.
4. Acceptable under GAAP as long as bad debt expenses are
5. Material bad debt expense requires the
Work space and additional notes:
Direct write-off methodAllowance method
defaultwritten off
900
900900
900
weakmatching
not material
allowance method
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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ALLOWANCE METHOD Allowance Method: A company will accounts receivable expected to become bad debts and set up a for bad debts on the a sheet. Remember, there are approaches to the Allowance Method. A. approach
B. approach Work space and additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice questions 7-8.
estimateprovision balance
two
I/SB/S
provision = allowance
I/S = Income Statement
B/S = Balance Sheet
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 7Income Statement Approach
7. The following information pertains to Oro Corp:
Credit sales for the year ended December 31 $450,000 Credit balance in allowance for uncollectible accounts at January 1 10,800 Bad debts written off during the year 18,000
According to past experience 3% of Oro’s credit sales have been uncollectible. After provisionis made for bad debt expense for the year ended December 31, the allowance for uncollectible accounts balance would be: a. $6,300b. $13,500c. $24,300d. $31,500
Work space:
Allowance Account
Additional notes:
- +
○
○○18,000 10,800
13,500
6,300
450,000×3%
= 13,500
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 8 Balance Sheet Approach
8. Based on the aging of its accounts receivable at December 31 Terry Company determined that the net realizable value of the receivables at that date is $190,000. Additional information is as follows: Accounts receivable at 12/31 $220,000 Allowance for doubtful accounts at 1/1 ― credit balance 32,000 Accounts written off as uncollectible at 9/30 24,000 Terry’s doubtful accounts expense for the year ended December 31 is: a. $38,000 b. $30,000 c. $26,000 d. $22,000 Work space:
Allowance Account A/R per books, 12/31 $ 220,000
A/R per aging, 12/31 (190,000) Allowance, 12/31 $
Adjusting Journal Entry:
Bad Debt Expense
Allowance Additional notes:
24,000 32,00030,000
30,000
22,00022,000
22,000
○
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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RESTORED ACCOUNT (RECOVERY)
Example: Written-off Account Later Collected
Allowance for bad debts 300 Accounts receivable 300
To originally write-off entry
Now payment is received for the account previously written off as a bad debt. Reverse the original entry; record cash payment.
Accounts receivable 300 Allowance for bad debts 300
To reverse the original write-off entry
Cash 300 Accounts receivable 300
To record the payment received
Additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice questions 9-11.
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 9 - 11Balance Sheet Approach
9. Inge Co. determined that the net value of its accounts receivable at December 31 basedon an aging of the receivables, was $325,000. Additional information is as follows:
Allowance for uncollectible accounts at 1/1 $30,000 Uncollectible accounts written-off during the year 18,000 Uncollectible accounts recovered during the year 2,000 Accounts receivable at 12/31 350,000
What would be Inge’s uncollectible accounts expense?a. $5,000b. $11,000c. $15,000d. $21,000
(9005) Allowance Acct.
30,000 18,000
2,000
14,000 A aaaa plug
25,000
Adjusting Journal Entry:
Bad Debt Expense Allowance
Additional notes:
○
350,000325,000
25,000
11,00011,000
(given)
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
14
10. At January 1 Jamin Co. had a credit balance of $260,000 in its allowance for
uncollectible accounts. Based on past experience, 2% of Jamin’s credit sales have been uncollectible. During the year, Jamin wrote off $325,000 of uncollectible accounts. Credit sales for the year were $9,000,000. In its December 31 balance sheet, what amount should Jamin report as allowance for uncollectible accounts? a. $115,000 b. $180,000 c. $245,000 d. $440,000
(5545) Allowance Acct.
11. Hall Co.’s allowance for uncollectible accounts had a credit balance of $24,000 at
December 31. During the year, Hall wrote off uncollectible accounts of $96,000. The aging of accounts receivable indicated that a $100,000 allowance for doubtful accounts was required at December 31. What amount of uncollectible accounts expense should Hall report for the year? a. $172,000 b. $120,000 c. $100,000 d. $96,000
(4088) Allowance Acct.
24,000 96,000 72,000 Aa aa plug 100,000 (given)
Additional notes:
○
325,000 260,000
180,000
115,000
9,000,000×2%
172,000
○
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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ASSIGNING, FACTORING & PLEDGING ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
A. Pledging / Assigning Accounts Receivable: Company pledges / assigns the rights to its
receivables to a financial institution as security for a loan. 1. Assignment of accounts receivable normally is done with recourse, i.e., if the
customers default, the assigning company is still liable to the bank for the money.
2. Assignment usually is done without notification, meaning the customers don’t know their debts have been assigned, and continue paying the company.
3. Must be footnoted. B. Factoring Accounts Receivable: Receivables sold to a factor.
1. Without Recourse: If the customers default, the company that sold its receivables is
not liable to the factor for the money; sale is final.
Factoring Without Recourse
Cash XXX Loss* PLUG Accounts receivable XXX
* Almost always a loss, because the factor will give you a discounted price
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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2. With Recourse: If customers default, the company that sold its receivables is still
liable to the factor for the money; sale is not final.
Factoring With Recourse
A/R factored / assigned XXX Accounts receivable XXX
Additional notes:
Answer multiple-choice question 12
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 12Discounting Notes Receivable: Exchange a note receivable for cash
12. Rand Inc. accepted from a customer a $40,000, 90-day, 12% interest-bearing notedated August 31, 20X7. On September 30, 20X7, Rand discounted the note at the Apex State Bank at 15%. However, the proceeds were not received until October 1, 20X7. In Rand’sSeptember 30, 20X7 balance sheet, the amount receivable from the bank, based on a 360-day year, includes accrued interest revenue of
a. $40,170b. $40,200c. $40,300d. $40,400
(0896)
Face amount of note $40,000 Add: Interest to maturity ($40,000 x 12% x /360) 1,200 Maturity value of note $41,200
x 15% x /360) (1,030) $40,170
Less: Bank discount ( Proceeds from discounted note
Additional notes:
○
90
41,200
60
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 13Non-Interest-Bearing Notes (Seller): Interest must be imputed.
13. On January 1, 20X5, Elia Company sold a building which had a carrying amount of$350,000, receiving a $125,000 down payment and, as additional consideration, a $400,000 noninterest-bearing note due on January 1, 20X8. There was no established exchange price for the building and the note had no ready market. The prevailing rate of interest for a note of this type at January 1, 20X5, was 10%. The present value of 1 at 10% for three periods is 0.75. What amount of interest income should be included in Elia’s 20X5 income statement?a. $0b. $30,000c. $35,000d. $40,000
Seller’s Perspective
January 1, 2005: Cash 125,000 Note Receivable [$400,000 x .75] 300,000
Building 350,000 Gain 75,000
To record the sale
December 31, 2005: Note Receivable [$300,000 x .10]
Interest Revenue / Income To record 12-31 interest
December 31, 2006 Note Receivable [$330,000 x .10]
Interest Revenue / Income
Total interest imputed in this note receivable is
Additional notes:
○
30,00030,000
33,00033,000
10%
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 13 (continued)
Buyer’s Perspective January 1, 2005: Building 425,000 Cash 125,000 Notes payable [$400,000 x .75] 300,000 To record the purchase December 31, 2005: Interest expense [$300,000 x .10] Notes payable To record 12-31 interest accrual December 31, 2006: Interest expense [$330,000 x .10] Notes payable To record 12-31 interest accrual
Independently answer multiple-choice questions 14-15.
30,00030,000
33,00033,000
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities
20
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 14 - 15 Non-Interest-Bearing Notes: Seller Side Items 14 and 15 are based on the following: On January 2, 20X2, Emme Co. sold equipment with a carrying amount of $480,000 in exchange for a $600,000 noninterest-bearing note due January 2, 20X5. There was no established exchange price for the equipment. The prevailing rate of interest for a note of this type at January 2, 20X2, was 10%. The present value of 1 at 10% for three periods is 0.75.
14. In Emme’s 20X2 income statement, what amount should be reported as interest income?
a. $9,000 b. $45,000 c. $50,000 d. $60,000
(4415)
January 2, 20X2: Note Receivable [$600,000 x .75] 450,000 Loss 30,000 Equipment 480,000
December 31, 20X2:
Note Receivable 45,000 Interest Income 45,000
($600,000)*(.75)*(.10)=$45,000
15. In Emme’s 20X2 income statement, what amount should be reported as gain(loss) on sale of machinery?
a. $(30,000) b. $ 30,000 c. $120,000 d. $270,000
(4416)
Independently answer multiple-choice questions 16.
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 16
16. On January 1, 20X3, Mill Co. exchanged equipment for a $200,000 noninterest-bearing note due on January 1, 20X6. The prevailing rate of interest for a note of this type at January 1, 20X3, was 10%. The present value of $1 at 10% for three periods is 0.75. What amount of interest income should be included in Mill’s 20X4 income statement? a. $0 b. $15,000 c. $16,500 d. $20,000
(0888)
January 1, 20X3: Note Receivable [$200,000 x .75] 150,000 Sales 150,000
December 31, 20X3:
Note Receivable [$150,000 x 10%] 15,000 Interest Income 15,000
December 31, 20X4:
Note Receivable [$165,000 x 10%] 16,500 Interest Income 16,500
Additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice question 17.
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 17Non-Interest-Bearing Note: Seller side with an annuity
17. On December 30, 20X4, Chang Co. sold a machine to Door Co. in exchange for anoninterest-bearing note requiring ten annual payments of $10,000. Door made the first payment on December 30, 20X4. The market interest rate for similar notes at date of issuance was 8%. Information on present value factors is as follows:
Period Present value of $1 at 8%
Present value of ordinary annuity of $1 at 8%
9 0.50 6.25 10 0.46 6.71
In its December 31, 20X4 balance sheet, what amount should Chang report as note receivable?
a. $45,000b. $46,000c. $62,500d. $67,100
(5544)
Chang Co. Note Receivable Journal Entry:
Cash Note Receivable [$10,000 x 6.25]
Sales
例題 On December 30 of the current year, Bart Inc. purchased a machine from Fell Corp. in exchange for a noninterest-bearing note requiring eight payments of $20,000. The first payment was made on December 30, and the others are due annually on December 30. At date of issuance, the prevailing rate of interest for this type of note was 11%. Present value factors are as follows:
Period PVA of ordinary annuity of 1 at 11% PV of annuity in advance of 1 at 11% 7 4.712 5.231 8 5.146 5.712
On Bart’s current year December 31 balance sheet, the note payable to Fell was
a. $ 94,240b. $102,920c. $104,620d. $114,240
(5/90, PI, #29, amended, 1045)
○
10,00062,500
72,500
○ 20,000×5,712=114,240-20,000 =94,240
20,000×4,712=94,240
①
②
どちらの方法でもOK!
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION 18
Note Receivable with Unreasonable Interest Rates
18. On December 31, 20X1, Jet Co. received two $10,000 notes receivable fromcustomers in exchange for services rendered. On both notes, interest is calculated on the outstanding principal balance at the annual rate of 3% and payable at maturity. The note from Hart Corp., made under customary trade terms, is due in nine months and the note from Maxx Inc. is due in five years. The market interest rate for similar notes on December 31, 20X1, was 8%. The compound interest factors to convert future values into present values at 8% follow:
Present value of $1 due in nine months: .944 Present value of $1 due in five years: .680 At what amounts should these two notes receivable be reported in Jet’s December 31, 20X1balance sheet?
Hart Maxx a. $9,440 $6,800 b. $9,652 $7,820 c. $10,000 $6,800 d. $10,000 $7,820
(2582) Hart Corp. Note Receivable Journal Entry:
Note Receivable Sales
Maxx Inc. Note Receivable:
Unreasonable Interest (10,000 x 3% x 5 yrs) $ 1,500 Principal 10,000 Maturity Value 11,500 Discount Rate x .680 Present Value $ 7,820
Maxx Note Receivable Journal Entry:
Note Receivable Sales
○
10,00010,000
7,8207,820
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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INVESTMENTS: HELD TO MATURITY
A. Held-to-Maturity (HTM) Securities
1. securities only (like bonds)
2. Management has both the and to hold the securities to maturity
3. Classified (current or noncurrent) on balance sheet based on the date
4. Carry on balance sheet at cost
a. Effective - Interest Method: Theoretically preferred
(1) Interest proceeds = stated rate x face amount
(2) Interest earned = effective yield x carrying amount
(3) Difference is amount of premium or discount amortized
Effective Interest Method Journal Entry:
Corporation A purchases bonds with a face amount of $500,000 and a stated interest of 9% for $469,500 with an effective yield of 10%. Management has the intent and ability to hold the debt to maturity.
December 31: Cash ($500,000 x 0.09) 45,000 Investment in Bonds (PLUG) 1,950
Interest Income ($469,500 x 0.10) 46,950 To record annual interest income from investment in bonds
b. Straight-Line Method
(1) Interest proceeds = stated rate x face amount
(2) Premium or discount divided by remaining life of bonds
(3) Difference is amount of premium or discount amortized
(4) Interest income becomes a plug figure
Debt
intent ability
maturity
amortize
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
25
Straight Line Interest Method Journal Entry:
Corporation A purchases bonds with a face amount of $500,000 and a stated interest of 9% for $469,500 with an effective yield of 10%. Management has the intent and ability to hold the debt to maturity.
December 31: Cash ($500,000 x 0.09) 45,000 Investment in Bonds [$30,500÷10] 3,050
Interest Income 48,050 To record annual interest income from investment in bonds
Additional notes:
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
26
INVESTMENTS: TRADING
B. Trading Securities
1. Investments in or securities held for the purpose of in the near term
2. Classified on balance sheet as 3. Carried on balance sheet at 4. Unrealized gains & losses from a trading portfolio belong on
the
Trading Securities Example:
Security Cost Market, 12-31 A $ 8,000 $12,000 B 10,000 5,000 C 20,000 27,000
Valuation Allowance 4,000 Unrealized gain (I/S) 4,000
5,000 5,000
Valuation Allowance 7,000 Unrealized gain (I/S) 7,000
Cash 25,000 Realized loss(I/S) 2,000
Investment C 20,000
To record sale of Investment C for $25,000
5. Realized gains & losses always go to the
equity debtselling
current assetsfair market value(FMV)
I/S
I/S
Valuation Allowance 7,000
Unrealized loss (I/S) Valuation Allowance
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
27
INVESTMENTS: AVAILABLE FOR SALE
C. Available-for-Sale (AFS) Securities
1. Debt securities not classified as either HTM or
2. Debt is classified on by date
3. Equity securities are classified by trading security only
4. AFS is carried on balance sheet at
5. Unrealized gains & losses from AFS go directly to asan item of
Available for Sales Securities Example: Year 5
Security Cost Market, 12-31 Q $ 3,000 $10,000 R 5,000 15,000 S 7,000 1,000
7,000 Unrealize Gain (OCI)
Additional notes:
trading
current or noncurrent maturity
FMV
OCI = Other Complihensive Income
FMV = Fair Market Value
Valuation Allowance 7,000
Valuation Allowance 10,000
Unrealize Gain (OCI) 10,000
Unrealize Loss (OCI) 6,000
Valuation Allowance 6,000
OCI
Stock holder's Equity
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
28
Available for Sales Securities Example: Year 6, sell Investment R.
CASH 8,000
10,000
5,000 Investment R (original cost) Valuation Allowance Realized gain 3,000
Additional notes:
Unrealize Gain (OCI)
10,000
Remember Equity securities are accounted only in trading Category.Debt securities are accounted under three different categories.
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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IMPAIRMENT
D. Permanent Impairment
1. Applies to and securities only, not
2. Extreme , such as
3. Must be decline
Sample Impairment Journal Entry:
Realized loss XXX Investment in bonds XXX
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION 19
Trading Securities: Accounted for at Fair value
19. At year end, Rim Co. held several investments with the intent of selling them in thenear term. The investments consisted of $100,000, 8%, five-year bonds, purchased for $92,000, and equity securities purchased for $35,000. At year end, the bonds were selling on the open market for $105,000 and the equity securities had a market value of $50,000. What amount should Rim report as trading securities in its year-end balance sheet?
a. $50,000b. $127,000c. $142,000d. $155,000
(7751)
Trading Securities Example:
Security Cost Market Bonds $ 92,000 $105,000 Equity 35,000 50,000
Aggregate $127,000 $155,000
HTM AFS tradingsituation cases bankruptcypermanent
○
HTM = Held To MaturityAFS = Available For Sale
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
30
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION 20
20. During Year 9, Scott Corp. purchased marketable debt securities and classified themas available-for-sale. Pertinent data follow:
Security Cost
Fair value at 12/31/X4
D $36,000 $40,000 E 50,000 30,000 F 10,000 16,000
$96,000 $86,000
Scott appropriately carries these securities at fair value. The amount of unrealized loss on these securities in Scott’s Year 9 income statement should be:
a. $20,000b. $14,000c. $10,000d. $0
(4568)
Additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice question 21
○
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
31
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION 21
21. The following information pertains to Smoke Inc.’s investments in marketable equitysecurities, classified as trading:
At year end, Smoke has a security with a $70,000 cost and a $50,000 fair value.
A marketable equity security costing $50,000, has a $60,000 fair value on December 31. Smoke believes the recovery from an earlier lower fair value is permanent.
What is the net effect of the above two items on the balances of Smoke’s valuation Allowanceaccount for trading marketable equity securities as of December 31?
a. No effectb. Creates a $10,000 debit balancec. Creates a $20,000 credit balanced. Creates a $10,000 credit balance
(4578)
Additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice questions 22.
○
V.A
10,000 20,000
10,000
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION 22
22. During Year 7, Wall Co. purchased 2,000 shares of Hemp Corp. common stock for$31,500 as an trading investment. The market value of this investment was $29,500 at December 31, Year 7. Wall sold all of the Hemp common stock for $14 per share on December 15, Year 8, incurring $1,400 in brokerage commissions and taxes. On the sale, Wall should report a realized loss of
a. $2,900b. $3,500c. $2,900d. $1,500
(0978)
Realized Loss Journal Entry:
Cash [$28,000 - $1,400] Realized Loss
Investment in Hemp
2,900
Additional notes:
Independently answer multiple-choice question 23.
26,600
31,500
○
Valuation Allowance 2,000
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
33
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION 23
23. At the end of year 1, Lane Co. held trading securities that cost $86,000 and which had ayear-end market value of $92,000. During year 2, all of these securities were sold for $104,500. At the end of year 2, Lane had acquired additional trading securities that cost $73,000 and which had a year-end market value of $71,000. What is the impact of these stock activities on Lane’s year 2 income statement?
a. Loss of $2,000b. Gain of $10,500c. Gain of $16,500d. Gain of $18,500
(8325)
Year 1 Adjustment Entry: Valuation Allowance
Unrealized Gain
Year 2 Sale: Cash
Realized Gain Investment at cost
Year 2 Adjustment: Unrealized Loss
Valuation Allowance
Additional notes:
○
6,0006,000
12,50086,000
2,0002,000
Valuation Allowance 6,000
104,500
Year 2 Sale: Cash
Realized Gain Investment at costValuation Allowance
104,50013,50085,0006,000
修正前の仕訳
Year 2 Adjustment: Unrealized Loss
Valuation Allowance 2,000
2,000
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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On the day of the transfer, write the individual investment to fair market value. Securities must always enter their new portfolio at fair market value. For trading securities, unrealized gains/losses go to the Income Statement. For HTM and AFS, unrealized gains/losses go the balance sheet as OCl.
Transfer from Trading:
Investment A 5,000 Unrealized gain 5,000
To record value increase before transfer of Investment A when FMV is $8,000 (cost $3,000)
Transfer to Trading:
Investment A 5,000 Unrealized gain 5,000
To record value increase before transfer of Investment A when FMV is $8,000 (cost $3,000)
Transfer from HTM to AFS:
Investment A 5,000 OCI 5,000
To record value increase before transfer of Investment A when FMV is $8,000 (cost $3,000)
Transfer from AFS to HTM:
Investment A 5,000 OCI 5,000
To record value increase before transfer of Investment A when FMV is $8,000 (cost $3,000)
Cash, Receivables & Marketable Securities ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
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COST METHOD
Cost Method Sample Journal Entry:
Investment A 28,000 Cash 28,000 To record purchase of 2,000 shares @ $14 per share
Cash 2,000 Dividend Income 2,000
To record receipt of $2,000 dividend
Additional notes: