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Dried ripe seeds of Coriandrum sativum
Umbelliferae
Cultivation Cultivation • Well drained calcareous loamy soil• Fruits sown in March or soon after harvesting in
early autumn in rows 50cm apart • If sown in autumn plants are robust• Sown by drilling method • Crop is rotated by wheat / grains• Harvested after 100 days (usually in Aug ) in
early morning • Umbels are cut off by scissors when they ripen • In large fields Scythe / mowers used . Spread
on sheets in Sun & threshed • Separated fruits are further dried in a shed • During drying the fruits loose their
objectionable odor & acquire a warm agreeable odor & a sweet taste
Description Description • Shape sub spherical
crowned by 5 sepals
& a stylopod Each mericarp has
5 wavy primary ridges 8 straight secondary ridges
• Color brownish yellow• Odor aromatic• Taste spicy
Microscopy Microscopy Pericarp
• Epicarp
polygonal tubular cells Occassional stomataCalcium oxalate crystals
• Mesocarp
outer region middle region inner region
• Endocarp
• Testa
• Endosperm
Mesocarp
• Outer pitted , fusiform parenchyma• Middle sclerenchyma lignified
in outer layers longitudinally directed In inner layers tangentially directed
• Inner lignified parenchyma• V.B just below primary ridges region
• Vittae are present in immature fruit on dorsal surface but they gradually join to form slits
• In ripe fruits only 2 vittae on commissural surface
Endocarp Endocarp parquetry parquetry arrangementarrangement
Testa Testa brown flattened cells brown flattened cells Endosperm Endosperm curved curved
Constituents • Volatile oil ( 0.8 – 1%)
Coriandrol , Coriandryl acetate • Small amounts
Borneol , geraniol , pinene• Proteins • Fixed oil
Uses Uses • Carminative • Aromatic• Stimulant• Flavouring agent• Used along with purgatives to prevent
grippingVarieties distinguished by
no.of fruits per gram