2. Thuat Ngu Va Ky Hieu Moi Han-Slide

PHN II THUT NG V K HIU MI HNTHUT NG 1. MT S KHI NIM 1.1 HIP HI AWS : American Welding Society. Hip hi hn M. p dng cho hn kt cu thp.

ASME : American Society Mechanical Engineers. Hip hi k s c kh M. p dng cho ch to ni hi v bnh, bn p lc. ASTM : American Society for Testing and Meterials. Hip hi M v vn kim tra v vt liu. p dng cho vt liu v kim tra. API : American Petrolium Institute. Quc gia Vin du m M. p dng cho ch to tc cha, bn cha.

1.2 QUC GIA KS JIS ANSI DIN 1.3 QUC T ISO : International Organization of Standardization T chc Tiu chun ho tiu chun Quc t3

: Korean Industrial Standard Tiu chun cng nghip Nam Triu Tin. : Japanese Industrial Standard Tiu chun cng nghip Nht Bn. : American National Standard Institute. Vin tiu chun quc gia M. : Deutschs Institute for Normung Quy phm ca vin quc gia c

Thut ng v k hiu mi hn

2. THUT NG PHNG PHP HN Flux Cored Arc Welding - (FCAW). Hn h quang dy hn c li thuc. Gas Metal Arc Welding - (GMAW). Hn h quang kim loi trong mi trng kh. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding - (GTAW). Hn h quang in cc tungsten trong mi trng kh. Shielded Metal Arc Welding - (SMAW). Hn h quang tay.(Hn h quang que hn c v bc). Submerged Arc Welding (SAW). Hn h quang di lp thuc.

3. CC MINH HO MI LIN KT HN

Lin kt u u (Butt joint)

Lin kt gc (Corner joint)

Lin kt chng (Lap joint)

Lin kt ch -T (Tee joint)

Lin kt mp kn (Edge joint)

CC YU T C BN CA MI GHP

4. CC MINH HO MI HNThut ng v k hiu mi hn 4

1. Mi hn rnh vung Square - Groove weld

2. Mi hn rnh -V- n Single-V-Groove

3. Mi hn rnh -V- kp Double-V-Groove

4. Mi hn rnh vt n Single-Bevel-Groove

5. Mi hn rnh vt kp Double-Bevel-Groove

6. Mi hn rnh -U- n Single-U-Groove

7. Mi hn rnh -U-kp Double-U-Groove

8. Mi hn rnh -J- n Single-J-Groove

9. Mi hn rnh -J- kp Double-J-Groove

10. Mi hn gc mt bn Single-Fillet

11. Mi hn gc hai bn Double-Fillet

12. Rnh V loe Flare-V

13. Mi hn b g Flange-Edge

14. Git hn Bead

15. Mi hn nt Plug

16. Mi hn im hoc mi hn ng Arc Spot or Arc Seam

5. NH NGHA TNG PHN MI HN RNH v MI HN GC12 3 7 1 4

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Thut ng v k hiu mi hn6

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5

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5

MI HN RNH

MI HN GC

1.GROOVE ANGLE (A): Gc m mp hn. L ton b gc ca rnh gia cc phn c ghp mi to rnh hn

1. LEG OF A FILLET WELD: Cnh ca mi hn gc. L khong cch t gc ca mi lin kt ti chn ca mi hn gc.

2. BEVEL ANGLE (A):Gc vt ca mp hn. L gc c to gia vic s l mp ca mt chi tit v mt phng vung gc vi b mt ca chi tit . 3.PLATE THICKNESS (T): Chiu dy vt liu Chiu dy ca vt liu c hn.

2. ACTUAL THROAT OF A FILLETWELD: Khong cch thc t ca mt mi hn gc. L khong cch ngn nht t gc ca mi hn gc ti b mt ca n.

3. FACE OF WELD:B mt ca mi hn. L b mt phi ra ca mi hn trn mt phng t bt k mi hn no hon thin.

4. ROOT FACE (RF): ty mp hn (Mp cn). L mt rnh lin k ti chn ca mi ghp.

4. SIZE OF WELD (S):Kch thc ca mi hn. di chn ca mi hn gc.

5. ROOT OPENING (RO):Khe h h. L s tch ra gia cc chi tit c ghp mi cnh chn ca mi ghp.

5. ROOT OF A WELD:Gc ca mi hn. Bt k cc im mt sau ca mi hn phn cch vi b mt kim loi c bn.

6. GROOVE FACE:B mt rnh. Bao gm b mt ca chi tit trong rnh.

6. DEPTH OF FUSION:Chiu su ngu chy. L khong cch ngu chy m rng vo trong kim loi c bn hoc xuyn qua t b mt kim loi nu chy trong thi gian hn.

7. SIZE OF WELD (S):Kch thc mi hn. ngu ca mi ni (chiu su ca gc xin cng vi ngu chn theo l thuyt ). Kch thc ca mi hn rnh v rnh c hiu lc chnh l mt

7. TOE OF A WELD:Chn ca mi hn. L s ni lin gia b mt ca mi hn v kim loi c bn

6. THUT NG CC KHUYT TT HN Arc Strikes: Vt gy h quang. S thiu thn trng mang tnh cht khng lin tc c kt qu t h quang, gm c mt vi vng kim loi b nng chy, kim loi vng nh hng nhit, hoc thay i trong b mt nghingThut ng v k hiu mi hn 6

ca mt vi i tng kim loi. Vt gy h quang c th l l do ca in cc hn h quang, cc c thc kim tra t tnh, hoc cp hn b c sn. Blowhole: R hnh ng. L mt thut ng khng tiu chun thay th cho Porosity. Concavity: B mt lm. L khong cch ln nht t b mt ca mi hn gc lm vung gc vi ng ni cc chn mi hn. Cracks: Nt. Loi khe nt c tnh khng lin tc biu th c im bng u sc nhn v c t l rt ln gia chiu di v chiu rng khe h chim ch. Crater: H. Ch tht xung thnh h ti im kt thc ca mi hn. Crater Cracks (star crack): Nt hnh sao. Vt nt trong h, thng im kt thc ca mi hn. Incomplete Fusion: S nu chy khng hon ton. Mt mi hn c tnh khng lin tc trong s nu chy khng xy ra gia kim loi mi hn v nu chy b mt hoc phn tip gip cc ng hn. Lack of Fusion: Thiu chy L mt thut ng khng tiu chun th cho incomplete fusion. Longitudinal Crack: Nt theo chiu dc Mt mi nt cng vi phn ln trc ca n c nh hng gn nh song song vi trc ca mi hn. Overlap: Chng lp. S nh ra ca kim loi mi hn vt xa hn chn ca mi hn hoc gc mi hn. Porosity: Trng thi r, xp. L loi l hng c tnh khng lin tc c to nn bi kh cn nm li trong kim loi mi hn sau khi qu trnh ng c kt thc. Root Crack: Nt gc mi hn.Thut ng v k hiu mi hn 7

Vt nt trong mi hn hoc vng nh nhit xy ra t gc ca mi hn. Slag inclusion: Ngm x L vt liu c phi kim loi nm li trong kim loi mi hn hoc gia kim loi mi hn v vt liu c bn. Spatter: Bn to. Cc ht nh kim loi b bn ra trong khi hn nng chy, cc ht khng hnh thnh t b phn ca mi hn. Toe Crack: Nt chn. Vt nt trong mi hn hoc trong vng nh hng nhit xy ra t chn ca mi hn. Transverse Crack: Nt theo chiu ngang. Mt mi nt cng vi phn ln trc ca n c nh hng gn nh vung gc vi trc ca mi hn. Undercut: Chy cnh (chy chn). Mt rnh b nu chy vo trong kim loi c bn gn st chn mi hn hoc gc mi hn v tri li khng c lp y bng kim loi mi hn. Underbead Crack: Nt di ng hn Mt vt nt trong vng nh hng nhit thng thng khng m rng ln b mt ca kim loi c bn. Underfill: Lm b mt Ch lm trn b mt mi hn hoc b mt gc c m rng xung thp hn lin k b mt ca kim loi c bn.

Thut ng v k hiu mi hn

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7. MINH HO CC KHUYT TT TRONG MI HN

N t ( R o o t

N g m ( S l a g C h y c h nC h y c h n ( U n d e r c u (t U n d e r c u t ) )

g c c r a c k )

M i n g b x i n c l u ( C i ro an t ) e r ) s

h n

R k h N t d i n g h n( P o r o s i t y ( U n d e r b e a d C r a c k )' b l o w h o l e ' )

C N g u c h y k h n g h o n ( I n c o m p l e t e f u s i o n )

H ( P h n ( g O l v ep r l a p )

N t d c m i h n ( L o n g i t u d i n a l c r a i t )

t o n N t c h n ( T o e C r a c k )

N t d i n g h n ( U n d e r b e a d C r a c k )14

Thut ng v k hiu mi hn VTH/Apave

8. MINH HO CC KHUYT TT TRONG MI HN (TIP)N t l u h u n h ( S u l p h u r c r a c k ) T c h l p ( S u l p h u r d o l u h u n h S e g r e g a t i o n ) N g m

N t h n h s a o ( C r a t e r c r a c k ) x

L m b m t ( U n d e r f i l l )

L m b m t ( U n d e r f i l l )

N t n g a n g m ( T r a n s v e r s e N C h n g l p ( O v e r l a p ) C g m S l xa g ( i n c l u s i o n )

i h c r a c k

h n ( g O l v ep r l a p ) t o n

N g u c h y k h n g h o n ( I n c o m p l e t e f u s i o n )


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9. CC T TH HN

Trc ca mi hn nm ngang

Trc ca mi hn ng

Trc ca mi hn nm ngang


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K

HIU MI HN 10. NHNG K HIU HN TIU CHUNK HIU MI HN C BN V NGHA V TR CA CHNG


17

ngha v tr Pha bn mi tn Pha bn kia mi tn C hai pha

Gc

Hn nt hoc khe hp

Hn im hoc in cc gi

Hn ng

Hn mt sau hoc tm mK hiu mi hn rnh

Hn ph b mt

vt song song i vi mi ghp hn ng thau

Hn g Hn mp

K hiu mi hn rnh

Khng s dng Khng s dng Khng s dng Khng s dng Khng s dng Khng s dng

Khng s dng Khng s dng Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng Khng s dng

CC K HIU B XUNG Mi hn tt c chu vi Mi hn ngoi hin trng Xuyn thu Tm m ng vin Bng Li Lm


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V TR CC YU T TIU CHUN CA K HIU MI HNK h i u p h n g K K b x u n g i v G i c m r n h h n ; . g c t n g p h p h o n t h i nh o t l o e m i n g i v i h n k c h o t l c t h c c h n K h e h ; . c h i u s u l p y i v i h n C h i u k h n g c a n t l

h i u b x u n g h n h d n g b m

c a m i h n n t v h n k h e

c h t h c c h i u ( t h e o t n h t o n ) K c h c h cK

F A R

d i m i h n , t r o n g m i h l i n t c , h o c t r o n g h n

C h i u s u n g u c h y ; m b o c h o m i h n

B c ( k h o n g c c h t t m n t m c a m i h n ) K h i u m i h n n g o i h i n t r n g

C hai

c i t h u t ; P p h p h t h a m c h

m

k S h n g T n , h o c i u k h c .

( E

)

c h t h c b n k i a c a m i t n c h

bn

L

-

P n g c h i u

K m

c h i

t h c n i t n c h

K h i u m i h n t t c x u n g q u a n h

u i ( c b q u a k h i s t h a m c h i u k h n gS m c s d n g ) i n h t c c K h i u m i h n c b n h o c n h n g C c y n g u y c h i t i t t h a m k h o q

i h n i m , h n M n g i , n , h n n t , h n k h e m h pi m i h n i n c c g i

( N

)

t h a m

t h ,h

n n c h on c h

u t t r o n g v n g n y c g i n t r o n g k h i u i v m i t n u a y n g c l i


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CC K HIU HN C BN V CC NGHA V TR KHC Hn g Gc Vung Ch V Vt xin Rnh Ch U Ch J Ch V loe Vt xin loe ngha v tr Pha bn mi tn ch Mt bn kia mi ghp Khng s dng C hai bn Bn ny hoc bn kia khng quan trng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng

Khng s dng


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2. Thuat Ngu Va Ky Hieu Moi Han-Slide