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National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction Adverbial Phrase and Passive Voice Tonny Meng-Lun Kuo [email protected] December 2, 2013 

246137709 Adverbial Phrase

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Adverbial Phrase and

Passive VoiceTonny Meng-Lun [email protected]

December 2, 2013 

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Week Topics Assignments

10 Clauses (I) (6) Maurer: Units 10, 11

11 Clauses (II) (7) Maurer: Units 12, 13, 19,and 20

12Discussion on pedagogical

grammarQuiz 3

13 Passive/Gerunds and Infinitives(8) Maurer: Units 14, 15, 16, and

17

14 Modals/Conditional sentences (9) Maurer: Units 4, 5, 22, and 23

15 Grammar activities presentation

16 Grammar activities presentation

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Learning Objectives• At the end of this course, students will be able:

1. to identify the difference among simple,

compound, and complex sentences

2. to transform adverb clause into adverb/ 

adverbial phrases

3. to review the usage of passive voice, passive

stative and correctly edit the common errors.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Task 1: Classifying adverb

clauses1. Think about the following questions:

• What is “adverb clause”?

• What are the five different types of adverb clause?

• Is adverb clause independent or dependent clause?

2. Form a group of 4-5 people, and get an envelope.

3. Classify the subordinators into correct sets in 2 mins.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Task 1: Classifying adverb

clausesAdverb clauseof time

Adverb clauseof place

Adverb clauseof reason

Adverb clauseof condition

Adverb clauseof contrast

after anywhere as even if although

as soon as where because if even though

before everywhere now that only if though

by the time wherever since unless whereas

once in case while

since

till/until

when/while

whenever

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Sentences: simple,

compound, and complex• Simple sentence: contains a subject and a verb,

and it expresses a complete thought.

• Compound sentence: contains two independentclauses joined by a coordinator.  

- coordinators: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.

(FANBOYS)

• Complex sentence: has an independent clause

joined by one or more dependent clauses.http://eslbee.com/sentences.htm

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Task 2: Analyze the sentences1. Find your partner and get a piece of worksheet

entitled “Adverbial Clause Worksheet”.

2. Read the sentences, and then label the sentencesinto SS(simple sentence), PS(Compoundsentences), or CS(complex sentences).

3. Analyze the structure of each sentence.

4. Pair work. Discuss with your partner and check theanswers.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Example

After they finished studying, Juan and Maria went to the movies. 

(CS)

 

dependent clause  

independent clause

after= subordinator 

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

1. Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping. (PS)

2. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. (PS)

3. Alicia goes to the library and studies every day. (PS)

4. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. 

5. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon. (SS)

6. Juan and Maria went to the movies after they finished studying. (CS)

7. Some students like to study in the mornings. (SS)

8. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. (CS)

9. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error. 

(CS)

10.When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last

page. (CS)

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Task 3: adverb clause to

phrase• p. 347

• [Individual work] Read the sentences. Circle thesubjects in both clauses and connected the circles.If the subjects refer to the same person or thing,shorten the sentence by reducing or changing theadverb clause to a phrase. If the subject aredifferent, write cannot be shorten.

• People who were called by instructor write theassignment sentences on blackboard.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Adverb phrases1. Some adverb clauses can be shorten to adverb

phrase by reducing the clauses or changing them.

2. Negative adverb contain the work not  or never  before

the participle.

• Before we danced, we did some worm-

up for preparation. 

—>Before dancing, we did someworm-up for preparation. (changed)

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Adverb phrases1. Some adverb clauses can be shorten to adverb

phrase by reducing the clauses or changing them.

2. Negative adverb contain the work not  or never  before

the participle.

• We had a wonderful time while we were

dancing. 

—>We had a wonderful time while dancing. (reduced)

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Steps of adverb clause to

adverb/adverbial phrase• Conditions:  

- adverb clause of time: after, before, since, and while(Keep the subordinator) 

- when —> Up/upon + V-ing…

- adverb clause of reason: because, since, as…(Omit thesubordinator)

• Steps:  

1. Make sure both sentences refer to the same person or

thing. 

2. Omit subject pronoun  

3. Change verb to its -ing  form.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Things you should be

noticed1. You can only reduce an adverb clause to adverbphrase only if the subjects in both clauses of thesentences refer to the same person or thing.

2. Keep the subordinator for fear of confusingsentences.

3. A present perfect or past perfect verb in an adverb

clause can be changed to: 

having + past participle  in an adverbial phrase.(p. 345, Grammar Note 7)

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Passive Voice

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Task 4: Editing• p. 244

• [Pair work] Read the student essay about the crop

circle in Great Britain and elsewhere. There arenice mistakes in the use of the passive. The first

one has already corrected, find the correct eight

more.

• Discuss the mistakes and try to be able to explain

the reason in your own words.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Passive Voice1. Passive voice and active voice

2. Formation of passive voice: be + past participle  

3. Conditions of using passive voice

4. Structure: 

- direct use 

- use modals and modal-like auxiliary- form with get: get + past participle (informal) 

- have/get + object + past participle

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Passive Voice

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Passive Voice

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Passive Voice

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Passive Voice

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Stative Passive• Stative passive: the passive voice used to describe

situations or states.

- form: be + past participle  

served as adjective  

- Most do not have corresponding active sentence 

- Most do not contain a by  phrase

The United States iscomposed of 50 states.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Reporting opinions or ideas

• Form: It + be + past participle  + that clause  

e.g. allege, assume, believe, claim, say, think…  

- only the verbs can be followed by a that clause

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Task 5: Belief, thoughts,

opinions• pp. 258-259, Exercise 3

1. Complete the sentences with a present or past

passive form of the verbs in parentheses(插⼊語).Add as or to as needed.

2. Rewrite sentences 2, 3, 5, 7, 9and 10 using

passive sentences with it + be + past participle +that clause.

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National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

National Hsinchu University of Education

Department of English Instruction

Assignment 12/2

• Text book:

- Unit 20 Review (p. 357) 

- Unit 14 Review (p. 249) 

- Unit 15 Review (p. 265)

• Quiz:

- adverbial phrase 

- passive voice

See younext week!