26181189 Dictionar Economic Roman Englez Roman

A abandon s.n. 1. {de drepturî) (dr.) desertion/renunciation of rights 2. (a/ navei, al încărcăturiî) (mar.) abandonment 3. (retragerea dintr-o operaţiune cu primâ contra cedării unei prime) {bur.) abandon ~ pe mare rea - abandon in heavy sea abandona v.t. 1. (drepttiri, pretenţii) to relinquish, to waive 2. (nava, încarcă- tura etc.) to abandon, to leave abandonare s.f. 1. (de drepturi, pre- tenţii) relinquishment 2. abandonment, abandoning ~ a navei - (de întregul echipqf, când nava nu mai poate fi salvaîa) abandonment of ship ~ a postului - dereliction ofduty ~ a produsului - (a prodncerii şi a comercializăru acestuia) product abandonment/elimination ~ a unui bun - (asig. mar.) dereliction abandonat adj. {asig. mar.) abandoned, derelict ~ temporar - temporarily abandoned abata v.t. (a exploata un zâcâmdnî} to work abataj s.f. 1. (loc) coal-face. stope, workings 2. (acţiune') mining. cutting, hewing 3. (al arborilor) felling 4. (al vitelor) slaughter abate v.t. 1. (din drnm) to turn oft7 aside/away, to divert, to deviate: to sheer, to v.'ander, 10 escape 2. (mar.} to steer off 3. (a/'boti) to fcll v.r. {de la} (dr.) to iniriiige, to vioîaie, to transgress

abatere s.f. 1. tuming off/away, diverting, deviation 2. (dr.) infringe-ment, violation, transgression; trespass(ing) 3. {de la regulă) exception ~ de la datorie - breach ofduty ~ din drum - (niar.) deviation ~ disciplinară - misbehaviour, infraction ofdiscipline ~ medie - mean deviation ~ standard (concept statistic care indicâ gradul de deviere a unei serii de datefaţă de un etalon central) standard deviation abator s.n. slaughterhouse, abattoir abona v.r. (la} to subscribe ('to), to become a subscriber (to) abonament s.n. 1. (la ziar) subscription 2. (ca pref} subscription price/rate; (la restaurant} reduced price for regular customers 3. (la teatru, tramvai etc.) season ticket; (îa tren, aiitobnz} (SUA) commutation ticket; (îa restaitrant) luncheon voucher, book of luncheon vouchers, {SUA} (rednced--pnce) meal ticket a face un ~ (la) - to subscribe (to), to become a subscnber (to) abonat s.m. {la ziar, televiziune etc.) subscriber; (la îren, tramvai etc.) season-ticket holder, regular traveller; (la eiectricitaf.e, apă etc.) consumer; (telefonic) telephone user: {'ia resiauranf) runcheoii-voucher iioider, (SUA) meal-ticket lioldei aiiorda v.i. {u ucosta) (mar.) to moor, to land, to put ashore v.t. 1. (a se ciocni

12 ABO-ACA de) (mar.) to collide with, to run foul of, to come into collision with 2. (o problemă, un subiect) to tackle, to deal with 3. (in grup o societate-mamâ cu filialele ei în scopuri contabile) to consolidate abordaj s.n. (mar.) collision abordare s.f. (in grup a unei societâţi--mamă cu filialele ei în scopuri con-tabile) consolidation ~ planificată - (pentru elaborarea situaţiei fluxului de numerar) (cont.) schedule approach abrevia v.t. to abbreviate, to abridge, to shorten abreviere s.f. abbreviation abroga v.t. to abrogate, to annul, to repeal, to abolish abrogare s.f. abrogation, annulment, rescission, abolishment absent adj. (de Id) absent, missing (from), not present (at) s.m. absentee ~ involuntar - (de la locul de muncâ) involuntary absentee absenta v.i. to be absent/missing absenteism^.n. absenteeism absenteist s.m. 1. absentee 2. (proprie-tar funciar care nu locuieşte pe terenul pe care l-a dat în arenda) absentee landlord, remittance man absenţă s.f. absence; nonattendance ~ de la domiciliu - nonresidence ~ de la serviciu - (repetatâ şi nemo-tivată) absenteeism ~ franţuzească -(fară învoire) French leave ~ nemotivată - absence without leave absolvent.î.w. graduate absolvi v.t. 1. (un institut superior) to graduate (from) 2. (dr.) to acquit, to fmd / to pronounce not guilty

absorbţie s.f. (preluarea unei societâţi de către o alta mai mare) absorption, combination abstinenţă s.f. 1. (periodica) abstinence; (de durată) abstemiousness 2. (eliminarea unor consumuri individuale curente şi alocarea unei pârţi mai mari de venit pentru sporirea capitalului cu scopul de a mări producţia de bunuri economice viitoare} abstention abundenţă s.f. abundance, plenty; (bogăţie) richness, wealth, overflow abuz s.f. 1. (exces) abuse, excess, intemperance 2. (inşelăciune) abuse, deceit, fraud 3. (încălcare) encroach- ment, transgression; (ilegalitate) illegal action ~ de autoritate - abuse of authority ~ de drept - abuse of distress, misuse oflaw ~ de funcţie - abuse of office ~ de încredere - abuse of confidence/ tmst, breach of tmst ~ de putere - abuse of discretion, use ofundue authority, misfeasance a face ~ de - to make too free a use of, to indulge too freely in a face ~ de putere - to override one's commission acalmie s.f. (pe piaţa bursierâ) lull acapara v.t. (o marfă cu scopul de a controla furnizarea ei) to buy up; (mârfuri, acţiuni) to comer; (mărfuri în scop speculativ) to forestall; {a monopoliza) to monopolize, to engross acaparare s.f. buying up; comering, forestalling; coemption acaparator adj. forestalling; monopo-lizing; acquisitive s.m. forestaller,

ACA-ACC 13 buyer-up, speculative buyer, monopo- lizer; {de alimente) food hoarder acaret s.n. 1. (dependinţă) annex, outbuilding 2. pl. household implements; agricultural/farming implements 3.pl. (afr-.)chattel accelera v. t. (dezvoltared) to forward accelerator s.m. (principiu care evi- denţiazâ o relaţie directă între volumul investiţiilor nete şi modificarea venitului national) accelerator accept s.n. 1. (cambie acceptată/ andosată de o bancă) acceptance, accepted bill 2. (acord de acceptare a unei cambii, încheiat între importator sau exportator şi bancă) acceptance credit ~ bancar - bank/banker's acceptance ~ curat/fâră rezerve/menţiuni - clean acceptance ~ de garanţie colateralâ - (pentru un împrumuf) collateral acceptance accepta v.t. 1. to accept; (o oferta) to accept, to agree to, to close with 2. (p cambie, un bilet la ordin la scadenţă sau înaintea scadenţeî) to take up acceptabil adj. acceptable; (despre preţurî) reasonable, fair acceptant.s'.w. acceptor ~ pentru onoare - (al unei cambii) acceptor for honour ~ sub protest - {al unei cambiî) acceptor supra protest acceptare s.f. acceptance ~ a mârcii - (de către consumatori) brand acceptance ~ a succesiunii — acceptance of an estate ~ a titlurilor - {dobândirea de titluri la termen) accept delivery ~ bancară - bank//banker's acceptance

~ condiţională - (a unei oferte de câtre cumpărător dacâ primeşte unele facilitâţi) conditional acceptance ~ contra documente - acceptance against documents ~ de complezenţâ - accomodation acceptance ~ de consumatori - (a unui produs) consumer acceptance ~ în alb - acceptance in blank, blank acceptance ~ în caz de necesitate - acceptance m case ofneed ~ necondiţionată/fără rezerve - unconditional/general acceptance ~ parţială - partial acceptance ~ pentru cotare - (a acţiunilor unei societăţi la bursa) admission to quotation ~ pentru onoare - (a unei cambii neacceptate/neplătite) acceptance for honour ~ specialâ/cu rezerve - special/ qualified acceptance ~ sub protest - acceptance supra protest acces s.n. access ~ legal - (dreptul unor persoane de a intra pe o proprietate, de a avea acces la unele documente) (dr.) legal access ~ liber - free access accesibil adj. accessibile, approachable; (despre preţurî) popular accesibilitate s.f. 1. accessibility, accessibleness, approachability 2. (numârul de indivizi care recepţio- neaza mesajul unei campanii publicitare) reach accesoriu adj. accessory, incidental; secondary, collateral s.n. pl. appurtenances

ACC-ACO 14

accident.s'.n. accident ~ asigurat - insured accident ~ cauzat terţilor - accident to third party ~ de exploatare - shop/mill accident ~ de muncă - industrial/labour/work accident ~ maritim - marine/maritime casualty, accident at sea acciz s.n. excise (duty/tax); inland duty a impune plata accizelor - to excise accizars.m. exciseman achita v.t. 1. (a plătî) to pay, to settle, to discharge, to defray; (a stinge o datorie) to extinguish; (parţial) to compound; (integral) to pay off; (in rate micî) to pay out; (la timp) to pay up; (taxele vamale) to clear up; (o cambie înainte de scadenta) to retire 2. (dr.) to acquit, to discharge achitare s.f. 1. (plata) payment, settlement, discharge, defrayal, defrayment; (a taxelor vamale) clearance; (a unei cambii înainte de scadenţă) retirement 2. {dr.) acquittal, absolution-, (de către juraţi) deliverance; {de câtre judecătorul de instrucţie) discharge ~ a dobânzilor la un împrumut -service of a loan ~ într-o singură tranşă - single payment achizitor s.m. acquirer, buyer, purchaser achiziţie s.f. 1. (cumpârăturâ) purchase, acquisition 2. {achiziţionare) purchase, purchasing, acquiring, buying ~ condiţionatâ - memorandum buying

~ de susţinere - (pentru a preveni scâderea cursului unor acţiuni la bursâ) support purchase ~ speculativă - (cumpărarea de bunuri sau de valori mobiliare cu scopul de a le revinde ulterior cu profif) speculation acquisition achiziţiona v.t. to purchase, to acquire, to buy achiziţionare s.f. purchasing, acquisition, acquiring acont s.n. (platâ partiala) part/partial payment, payment on account, sum paid on account; (prima rata) first instalment, down payment; (arvună) eamest money, handsel; (avans) advance (money), {care asigurâ prioritate la cumpărare sau vânzare în condiţii prestabilite) option money; (plătit la semnarea contractului de închiriere) key money a plăti un ~ cuiva - to pay smb. a sum on account/a first instalment aconta v.t. to pay on account (for), to pay/to give eamest money (for) acoperi v.t. 1. {bur., fm.) to cover; (un deficit) to make vip, to raeet 1. (un risc) (asig.) to cover acoperire s.f. 1. (bur., fin.) coverage; (tranzacţii de acoperire pe piaţa bursieră prin contracte la termen) covering; (pperaţiune de contracarare a riscurilor ce pot decurge dîn fluctu-aţiile cursurilor la bursele de mărfuri, din variaţiile preţurilor în tranzacţiile de comerţ exterior sau ale cursurilor de schimb) hedging 2. (a unui risc) (asig.) cover, coverage 3. (procentul de consumatori ai unei pieţe-ţintă care au cel puţin o ocazie de a recepţiona un

15ACO-ACO

niesaj publicitar în timpul tinei campaniî) coverage

~ a dividendelor - (indicator care arata de câte ori pot fi plâtite dividendele din profîtul net al unei societăţî) dividend cover ~ a dobânzii - (indicator care aratâ de căte ori pot fi plătite dobânzile unei întreprinderi din profitul său brut) interest cover ~ a monedei - backing of currency ~ a posibilitâţilor de vânzare - (ra- portul dintre numărul estimat de clienţi şi numărul pe care îl poate deservi un agent de vânzări) sales coverage ~ bancarâ — {garantare parţială a bancnotelor de către banca de emisiune cu ajutorul unui portofoliu de titluri de valoare, devize convertibile etc.) banking cover ~ continentalâ - (asigurare auto britanicâ oferitâ persoanelor care se deplaseazâ pe continentul european) continental cover ~ efectivă/reală - (campanie publi- citarâ care reia de cel puţin patru ori un mesaj publicitar) effective/four-plus cover ~ excedentară - (cumpărarea unui număr mai mare de titluri decât pot fî vândute) (bur.) long position, bull account/position ~ financiară - backing ~ insuficientă - (bur.) short covering, bear account/position ~ în acţiuni - (situaţia unei societâţi anonime, care nu mai desfăşoară activitate economicq, dar care are încă existenţă juridîcîi) bare shell

~ în aur — {gradul de acoperire a bancnotelor aflate în circulaţie) gold cover ~ la termen - (bur.) forward cover ~ minimă necesară - (bur.) minimum margin requirements ~ monetară - (cantitatea de valori relativ certe - aur, valute convertibile etc. — deţinute obligatoriu de către bâncile de emisiune şi exprimată printr-un procent din suma totală a emisiumi monetare} currency cover ~ prin active - (fin.) asset cover a avea ~ - to be covered, to hold security a nu avea ~ - to be uncovered, to lack security acord s.n. agreement; arrangement ~ anulabil - cancellable agreement ~ asupra navlului - (mar.) rate agreement ~ asupra tarifelor vamale tariff/union agreement ~ bilateral - bilateral agreement ~ colectiv - collective agreement ~ comercial - trade agreement ~ comercial reciproc/pe bază de reciprocitate - (cu reducerea taxelor vamale) reciprocal trade agreement ~ comercial şi de plăţi - trade agreement and payment ~ contractual restrictiv - (care interzice anumite acţium) (dr.) restrictive covenant ~ cu creditorii - (concordat) private arrangement, deed of arrangemeiw assignment ~ de angajare - (de forţă de munca necesara pentru anumite lucrări, încheiat între patronat şi sindicate) manning agreement

16 ACO-ACO ~ de arbitraj - arbitration agreement ~ de asociere - (la CEE) association agreement ~ de barter - barter agreement ~ de cliring - clearing agreement ~ de colaborare - working agreement ~ de consorţiu - consortium agreement ~ de constituire a unui sindicat -syndicate agreement ~ de cooperare economică internaţională - intemational eco-nomic cooperation agreement ~ de credit cu reînnoire automată -revolving credit agreement ~ de cumpărare cu plata în rate -(proprietatea asupra produsului deve-nind efectivă în momentul livrăriî) deferred payment agreement ~ de evitare a dublei impuneri -agreement to avoid double taxation ~ de fixare a preţurilor de revânzare - {sistem de vânzare în care preţurile la ultimul consumator sunt stabilite de producător) {SUA) fair-trade agree-ment ~ de garantare a investiţiilor -guaranteed investment agreement ~ de indexări salariale - (prevâzut într-un contract de muncâ pentru situaţia în care preţurile cu amănuntul depăşesc un anumit nivel) threshold agreement ~ de plăţi - payment agreement ~ de productivitate - (între sindicate şi patronat, prin care mâririle salariale sunt condiţionate de creşterea produc-tivităţii) productivity agreement ~ de răscumpărare - (a titlurilor de valoare} repurchase agreement

~ de reeşalonare a datoriei externe - standstill/rescheduling agreement ~ de transfer - (convenţie între două ţâri privind fluxul plâţilor interna-ţionale) transfer agreement ~ de vânzare - agreement to sell ~ de vânzare pe credit - credit sale agreement ~ del credere - del credere agreement ~ economic - economic agreement ~ exclusiv de vânzări - (intre furnizor şi comerciantul local) exclusive sales agreement ~ fârâ concesii/compromisun - 'harâ bargain ~ general de împrumut - (al FMI) general arrangement to borrow ~ global - overall agreement, bargain by thejob/lump, package deal ~ internaţional de produse -intemational agreement for goods ~ între debitor şi creditori - (în caz de fahment) (dr.) scheme of composition/arrangement between debtor and creditors ~ multilateral - multilateral agreement ~ mutual - (incheiat între două sau mai multe state, care prevede facilităţi de natură comercială} reciprocity, mutual agreement ~ prealabil - previous agreement ~ prezidenţial - (incheiat de preşedinte cu un stat strâin, care nu necesită aprobarea senatuluî} (SUA) executive agreement ~ scris - agreement in writing ~ stand-by - (încheiat cu FMI) stand--by agreement/arrangement ~ -tip - pattem setting agreement ~ verbal - verbal/oral agreement a fi plătit în ~ - to be paid by the job

ACO-ACT 17 acorda v.t. 1. {a da, a aloca) to grant; to give; (a permite) to allow, to permit; (a decernd) to award; (un drept, un privilegiu) to licence, to charter 2. (un termen) (dr.) to respite ~ cuiva un împrumut - to accommodate smb. with a loan ~ daune - interese - to award damages acordare s.f. granting; giving ~ de acţiuni angajaţilor - (la societatea în care lucreazâ) coownership/copartnership of industry ~ de consultanţă pentru recuperarea datoriilor - debt counselling ~ de licenţe de fabricaţie - licensing ~ de rabaturi - discounting acosta v.i. to moor, to land, to come/to handle/to haul alongside; to berth, to wharf ~ în bune condiţii - to make a safe landing acreditivs.n. letter of credit ~ colectiv - general letter ofcredit ~ confirmat - confirmed letter of credit ~ cu livrări eşalonate - letter of credit with spread-out deliveries ~ de export - export letter ofcredit ~ deschis - open credit ~ direct - direct letter of credit ~ documentar - documentary letter of credit ~ dublu - back-to-back letter of credit ~ irevocabil - irrevocable letter of credit ~ în alb - (cu suma nespecifîcatâ) blank credit ~ limitat - limited letter of credit ~ neconfîrmat - unconfirmed letter of credit

~ nominal - straight letter of credit ~ plătibil în tranşe - instalment letter of credit ~ reînnoit automat - revolving credit ~ revocabil - revocable letter of credit ~ simplu - simple credit ~ subsidiar - subsidiary letter ofcredit ~ transferabil - transferable letter of credit ~ utilizabil prin cambii - letter of credit useful by bills of exchange acru s.m. (unitate de suprafaîa} acre act s.n. 1. (faptă) act, action 2. (dr.) deed, act, document; legal instrument; writ; pl. judicial acts; (certifîcat) certificate ~ adiţional - addendum, rider ~ de avarie comună - (mar.) general average ~ de cesiune - deed of assignment/ conveyance ~ de conHscare a încărcăturii - seizure note ~ de constatare — (asupra încărcă- turif) statement notice; (expertiză) survey report ~ de constatare a cărăuşului - (pentru starea mărfif) (mar.) carrier's statement ~ de depozit în garanţie - bailment ~ de depunere a mărfurilor în consignaţie - consignment ~ de donaţie - deed of gift ~ de faliment - act ofbankruptcy ~ de garanţie de depozitare - warehouse bond ~ de garanţie pentru tranzit - transit bond ~ de încredinţare spre custodie - deed of tmst ~ de însoţire - (facturâ) bill ofparcels

18 ACT-ACT ~ de lichidare a daunei - (asig.) claim release and discharge ~ de lichidare în vamă - {mar.) clearance note ~ de lichidare în vamă la intrare -(mar.) inward clearance bill/certificate, entry certificate ~ de naţionalitate - (a navei) certificate ofregistry ~ de navigaţie - marine document ~ de proprietate - deed ofproperty ~ de război - act ofwar ~ de recepţie - acceptance certificate ~ de revizie vamală specială - bill of sight ~ de subrogare - subrogation form ~ de transfer - (al unei proprietăţî) conveyance; (de titluri de vaîoare) deed of transfer, transfer deed ~ de vânzare - bill of sale ~ de vânzare absolut - (fărâ ipotecarea mărfiî) absolute bill of sale ~ de vânzare condiţionat - (cu ipotecarea niărfîi) conditional bill of sale ~ justifîcativ/probant - supporting document, document in proof/support, documentary evidence ~ notarial - notarial act/deed, solicitor's deed ~ oficial - official document ~ public - public document acte ale navei - (de registru şi de companie) ship's/vessel's documents/ papers ~ comerciale - acts of commerce activ s.n. (şi pl.) (cont., dr., fin.) asset(s) ~ de capital - (activ pe termen lung deţinut în special pentru activitatea normală afirmeî) capital asset

~ şi pasiv - assets and liabilities active acceptate — (drept garanţie de o banca) bankable assets ~ agresive - (active cu un coeficient beta mai mare decât cel al pieţeî) (bur.) aggressive assets ~ amortizabile - depreciable assets ~ blocate - frozen assets ~ circulante/curente - (elemente de acliv absorbite şi transformate în ciclul deproducţie) circulating/current assets ~ circulante nete - net quick assets ~ comerciale/de exploatare -commercial/operating assets ~ convertibile în lichidităţi - quick/ realizable assets ~ corporale/tangibile - tangible/ physical assets '" cu risc - risk assets ~ curente temporare - (active circu-lante cufluctuaţii sezoniere sau ciclice) temporary current assets ~ epuizabile/cu durată limitată de exploatare - {inine, cariere etc., care se epuizează în timp) wasting assets ~ eventuale - contingent assets ~ fictive - fîctitions assets ~ fînanciare - financial assets ~ fîxe - fixed assets ~ foarte lichide - quick assets ~ de rezervă - reserve assets ~ imobilizate - permanent assets ~ inepuizabile - nonwasting assets ~ în curs de fabricaţie - (cont.) work in process/progress ~ lichide/disponibile - liquid/ available/cash assets ~minimale - (rezerve minime ale unei băncî} minimal assets ~mobiliare - personal assets ~ monetare - monetary assets

ACT-ACŢ 19 ~ necorporale/intangibile - (brevete, licenţe, mărci de fabrică etc.) intangible assets ~ nelichide - illiquid assets ~ nete - (activul contabil minus pasivul exigibif) net assets ~ nominale - {in contabilitatea în partidă dublâ) nominal assets ~ ponderate cu riscul aferent - (fîn.) risk-adjusted assets ~ productive - productive assets; (care aduc dobânda) (fin.) active assets ~ reale - real assets ~ sensibile la dobândă - interest- -sensitive assets ~ sociale - company's assets ~ stagnante - (care nu pot fi vândute rapid contra numerar) slow assets ~ subevaluate - hidden assets ~ succesorale - (dr.) legal assets, net estate activitate s.f. activity; (comerciala) business; (lucru, munca) work ~ bancară - banking ~ bancară de bază - basic banking ~ bancară de la domiciliul clientului - (prin telefon sau calculator) home banking ~ bancară electronică - electronic banking ~ bancară prin intermediul sucursalelor - branch banking ~ comercială frauduloasă - (activitate desfâşurată în timpul derulării procedurilor defaliment şi nedeclaratâ la tribunat) fraudulent trading ~ de atragere de depozite - (a unei bâncî) deposit - taking business ~ de consilier în problemele salariaţilor - employee counselling

~ de transport maritim - shipping industry ~ fărâ perspectivă - termmal/dead- -endjob ~ prevăzută în buget - budgeted activity ~ principală/de bazâ - core activity/ business ~ publică - public activity actualizare s.f. 1. bringing up-to-date 2. (raţionament economic prin care se determinâ evaluarea prezentă a unui activ, a unui venit, a unei utilitâţi viitoare) net present value method actualiza v.t. to bring up-to-date, to update actuar^.m. actuary actuarial adj. actuarial acţiona v.i. to act, to take action; to proceed v.t. (p maşină, un utilaj) to operate, to set in action/motion, to mn ~ conform instrucţiunilor - to proceed as directed ~ în calitate de - to act in one's capacity ~ în judecată pe cineva - to bring/to take an action against smb., to sue smb. acţionar s.m. shareholder; stockholder; (care contribuie la plata datoriilor în caz de lichidare a societâţiî} contributory

al unei societăţi de investiţii fînanciare - unit-holder ~ deţinător de acţiuni nominale -stockholder ofrecord ~ deţinător de acţiuni preferenţiale -preference shareholder ~ majoritar - principal/controlling shareholder ~ minoritar - minority shareholder

20____________________________

actiune s.f. 1. action, act 2. (dr.) legal action, lawsuit, action at law 3. (titlu de valoare) share; stock ~ ascunsa - (forma de manifestare a hazardului moral intr-o relatie con-tractuald incompletd) hidden action ~ civila - civil action ~ comerciala - venture ~ de aur - (actiune care li conferd detindtorului drept de control asupra societdtii respective) golden share ~ directa — (presiuni exercitate de muncitori asupra patronatului prin greve, proteste etc.) direct action ~ grevista - strike struggle ~ indirecta - (actiune publicitard care urmdreste promovarea prestigiului unei firme sou al unei mdrci $i nu vdnzarea propriu-zisd de produse) indirect action ~ judiciara - legal action, lawsuit, action at law ~ in anulare - (dr.) nullity suit, action v>i WiwAttvyiA ~ in etape/trepte - step action ~ in restituire - (dr.) action for restauration, restitutio in integrum; trover ~ mixta - (civila si penald) mixed action ~ pentru daune - action for damages ~ reala - (pentru arestarea unei nave) (mar.) action in rem ~ reconventionala - (dr.) cross action ~ subrogatorie - (dr.) indirect action actiuni achitate integral - fully paid shares ~ active - (frecvent tranzactionate) active shares ~ ale administratorilor - (acfiuni pe care administratorii unei societdti

____________________ACT-ACT

anonime sunt obligati sd Ie depund ca garantie a responsabilitdtii lor pe toatd durata mandatului) qualifying shares ~ ale companiilor care exploateaza plantatii - (de tutun, cafea etc.) plantations ~ ale companiilor de navigatie -shipping shares ~ ale salariatilor - staff shares ~ ale societatilor de servicii publice -public utilities ~ ale societatilor din industria aviatica - aviation shares ~ ale societatilor din industria cauciucului - rubbers ~ ale societatilor din industria distractiilor/spectacolelor - (cinema, televiziune, teatru) amusement/ entertainment shares ~ ale societatilor din industria de automobile - automotive shares, motors ~ ale societatilor din industria mulwaL - mming, shares ~ ale societatilor din industria textila

- textiles ~ ale societatilor din industria tutunului - tobaccos ~ ale societatilor din sectorul asigurarilor - insurance shares ~ ale societatilor din sectorul comercial - commercials ~ ale societatilor din sectorul extractiei si al prelucrarii aurului - gold shares ~ ale societatilor din sectorul extractiei si al prelucrarii cuprului - coppers ~ alfa - (foarte sigure §i rentabile) alpha shares, blue chips

ACT-ACT 21 ~ amanate - (cu plata dividendelor dupd ce toate celelalte tipuri de actiuni aufost achitate) - deferred shares ~ americane - (ale societdtilor din SUA) Yankees ~ atractive - (frecvent tranzactionate) leaders ~ australiene - (ale societdtilor din Australia, mai ales din industria minierd si a prelucrdrii tutunului) Kangaroos ~ - barometru - barometer stock ~ comune/obisnuite - common/ ordinary shares/stock, equity shares ~ cotate/listate - listed shares ~ cu drept de vot - voting shares ~ cu drept de vot restrictiv - restricted voting shares ~ cu drepturi multiple de vot - multiple voting shares ~ cu perspective de crestere - growth shares/stock ~ cu profit mare - high yielders ~ cu sau fara drept de vot - (SUA) classified common stock ~ de compensare - (actiuni ale statului oferite in compensate actionarilor de la unele societdti nationalizate) compensation stock ~ de folosinta - (titlu emis in locul unei acfiuni rambursate si care da drept la o parte din activele ce ar rezulta din lichidarea societdtii) bonus shares ~ de fondator - founder's/vendor's shares ~ de tezaur - (actiuni comune rdscumpdrate de societatea emitentd de la actionari) (SUA) Treasury shares/stock

~ detinute de public - outstanding shares ~ divizate — (in alte actiuni cu valoare mai mica) split shares ~ emise la preturi foarte scazute - (pentru speculatii) penny stock ~ emise pentru obtinerea de lichiditati - cash capital/shares ~ excedentare - (actiuni preferentiale necumpdrate la emisiune de actionarii existent!) excess shares ~ fara drept de vot - nonvoting/ voteless shares ~ fara valoare nominala - shares of no par value/without par value, unvalued shares ~ feroviare - (ale companiilor feroviare) railway/rail shares, rails; (SUA) railroads ~ fictive/diluate - (emise prin supraevaluarea activelor) watering stock, waters ~ gemene — (actiunile a doud societdti independente din punct de vedere juridic care au aceiasi actionari) twin shares ~ gratuite - (emise pe baza rezervelor de capital ale societdtii si care sunt distribute actionarilor existenti proportional cu actiunile detinute) bonus issue/shares ~ indivize -joint shares ~ industriale - (emise de societdti comerciale industriale) industrial shares, industrials ~ la moda — (foarte cdutate pentru o scurtd perioadd de timp) fashion shares ~ la purtator - bearer shares, shares to bearer ~ la societati de investitii financiare -trust units

22 ACT-ACU ~ manageriale - management/ managers' shares ~ marcate - (al cdror certificat de acfiuni poartd dovada exercitdrii drepturilor specifice) marked shares ~ neparticipative - (care nil participd la profit, dar au un dividend fix) nonparticipating shares ~ nepreferentiale/neprivilegiate - ordinary/common shares/stock ~ nesigure - bazaar shares ~ noi - (emise in cadrul cresterii capitahdui social) new shares ~ nominale - registered shares/stock ~ petroliere - {ale companiilor petroliere) oil shares ~ preferentiale - (cu plata prioritard a dividendelor) preference/preferred shares, senior shares/stock ~ preferentiale cumulative - {cu dividend cumulativ) cumulative preference/preferred shares/stock ~ preferentiale cumulative $i cu participare deplina - fully participating and cumulative preference/preferred shares/stock ~ preferentiale necumulative - (jard dividend cumulativ) noncumulative preference/preferred shares/stock ~ preferentiale nerecuperabile - (pe care societatea emitentd nu are dreptui sd Ie rdscumpere) irredeemable preference/preferred shares/stock ~ purtatoare de dividende - dividend- -beanng shares ~ revocabile — (pe care emitentui isi rezervd dreptui de a Ie rdscumpdra) revocable shares ~ staiutate - (nunicn' obliîilo rlu de actiuni pe cafe o petsoui'ici irebui.e su u; detind pciilru a Candida, ca inembru m

consiliul de administratie al societdtii respective) directors '/qualification shares ~ subevaluate - (dar cu posibilitdti de redresare) recovery shares ~ sud-africane - (al societdtilor din Africa de Sud, mai ales din indiistria extractiei de aur) Kaffirs ~ suplimentare - (emise in contui dividendelor) scrips ~ tranzactionate in afara bursei - over-the-counter shares ~ vechi - {care, la o eventuald emisiune, va avea o valoare mai mica decdt o actiune noua) old shares acumula v.t. to accumulate, to amass; (rezerve) to pile, to lay aside/by; (barn) to hoard up; (a inmagazina) to store; (a spori) to increase, to augment v.i. (a creste, a se mdri) to accrue acumulare s.f. \. accumulation 2. (mdrirea valoru unui activ prin crestere naturala) accretion; accrual ~ de capital - accumulation of capital, capital accumulation/formation ~ primara - primary/original accumulation acuza v.t. 1. (de) to accuse (of), to charge (with) 2. (dr.) to prosecute, to sue, to bring/to enter/to lay an action/a charge against, to proceed against; (im functionar public) to impeach acuzare s.f. \. accusation 2. (dr.) charge; (inculpare) inculpation, imputation, mcrimmation; (penald) arraignment; (a unui functionar public) impeachment; (pentru diverse vmi) indictment a punc pe ciiiyva 'îb ~ - to commit smb. for tii^l, to .•i.'.icHî smb.

^^,.

ADA-ADM 23 adaos s.n. 1. addition; {spor, crestere) increase, increment, rise; (plus) extra; (supliment) supplement; {completare) completion, appendage, pendant; (anexd) annex; (accesoriu) accessory 2. (amendament) amendment; (la o lege, un document) additional clause, rider; (la un testament} codicil; (la o polita) slip ~ comercial - (trade) markup ~ la greutate - makeweight adauga v.t. to add adaptabilitate s.f. adaptability ~ a factorilor de productie - (capacitated de asociere a unei unitati dintr-nn factor cu mai miilte unitati din alt factor de productie) production factors adaptability adecvat adj. adequate; (potrivit) fit, suitable adept 5. m. partisan, follower, adherent; (sprijinitor) supporter, backer, advocate ~ al cartelarii - cartelist "- al economiei planificate/dirijate - statist adeverinta s.f. {certificat) certificate; (de primire) receipt; {cupon) counterfoil; (recipisa de depunere a marfurilor) warrant; {atestat) attestation ~ de vama pentru provizii de bord - (mar.) ship's store bond a elibera o ~ - to draw up/to issue a certificate aditional adj. additional, extra; (suplimentar) supplementary adjudeca v.t. {la licitatie) to knock down adjudecatar s.m. (la licitatie) highest bidder, successful tenderer

adjunct adj. deputy...; assistant s.m. deputy; assistant administra v.t. {a conduce) to manage, to administer; to husband; to superintend; (o afacere) to carry on, to run; (prost, incompetent) to mismanage administrare s.f. administration; management; husbandry; superintendence ~ a activelor - administration of assets ~ a averii - (apartindnd unei persoane decedate) (dr.) administration of estates ~ a contului - account management ~ a datoriei - debt management ~ a navei - management of the ship/ vessel, ship's management, husbandry ~ fiduciara - trusteeship ~ judiciara - trusteeship in bankruptcy ~ prin procura - (a afacerilor) procuration ~ proasta/incompetenta -mismanagement administrativ adj. administrative administrator s.m. administrator; (director) manager, director, executive; {al unui spital, al unei mchisori) warden, governor; {al bunurilor altei persoane) trustee; (supraveghetor) superintendent; {econom al unui colegiu, al unui club) steward; (intendent) housekeeper; {custode) custodian, keeper ~ de chei - wharfinger ~ de cont - account manager ~ de dana - (SUA) wharf superintendent ~ de epave - receiver of wrecks ~ de nava - ship's husband - delegat - managing director, acting manager

24 ADM-ADU ~ funciar - estate manager, land agent ~ judiciar - (al averii falitului) tmstee in bankruptcy, receiver (in bankruptcy), official receiver ~ public/din oficiu - public trustee administratie s.f. 1. (conducere) administration, management; (directie) direction; {inspectoral) superintendence 2. (serviciu) administrative service/department 3. (guvernare, guvern) government; (SUA) administration ~ a drumurilor - road board ~ financiara - revenue office, tax administration ~ locala - local authority/body/ government ~ prin procura/tutela - trust ~ publica/de stat - state management, civil service admis adj. admitted; (acceptat) accepted; received; (recunoscut) acknowledged admisa asigurarea interesului total -(asig.) full interest admitted admisibil adj. admissible; allowable admite v.t. 1. (o cerere) to allow, to grant 2. (un candidat) to admit, to let in, to matriculate ~ un apel - (dr.) to allow an appeal admitere s.f. 1. (a unei cereri) allowance, grant 2. {intr-un post, intr-o scoald) admission, admittance; matriculation ~ de noi membri - admission of new members ~ temporara - (a mdrfurilor de import cu scutire de taxe vamale) temporary admission adoptav.?. to adopt

~ un proiect de lege - to adopt/to pass a bill adresa v.t. (o scrisoare) to address v.r. (cuiva) to address oneself to, to address smb., to approach; (pentru a solicita ceva) to apply to adresant^./n. addressee adresa s.f. 1. (pe plic) address 2. (locul uncle se gdseste cinevd) address; (domiciliu) domicile, residence 3. (scrisoare oficiald) address ~ completa - full address ~ juridica - legal address ~ mobila - float address ~ permanenta - permanent address ~ postala - postal address ~ privata - home address ~ sociala - registered address aduce v.t. 1. to bring 2. (a transporta) to transport, to convey 3. (a produce, a da) to bring in, to yield; (cdstig; despre o mar/a) to command aduna v.t. 1. (cifre) to add, to figure up, to cast up, to tot up 2. (provizii) to lay in/up; (recolta) to gather/to get in, to harvest, to reap 3. (a colecta) to collect 4. {la o adunare) to assemble ~ impozite - to raise money, to levy/to collect taxes/money ~ prin colecta - to collect money/ subscriptions adunare s.f. (sedinta) sitting; (intrunire) meeting, rally; (plen) assembly; (politico} congress, convention ~ a actionarilor - shareholders'/ stockholders' meeting ~ a creditorilor - creditors' meeting ~ generala a actionarilor - general meeting of shareholders

ADU-AFL 25 ~ generala anuala - (a actionarilor) annual general meeting ~ generala extraordinara - (a actionarilor) extraordinary general meeting ~ legislative - legislative assembly ~ statutara - (prima adunare generala a actionarilor) statutory meeting/report advertorial s.n. (articol de fond, editorial special conceput pentru a face publicitate unuiprodus) advertorial aeroports.n. airport afacere s.f. 1. {in sens general) affair 2. business; deal; (incheiatd si reusita) bargain; (negot) trade, commerce; (tranzactie) transaction 3. (judiciara) case, lawsuit ~ banoasa - moneymaker ~ buna - good stroke of business ~ cinstita - straight dealing ~ civila - civil case/suit ~ de familie - family business ~ de stat - state affair ~ dubioasa - shady deal/affair ~ necinstita - (a unui functionar public) jobbery ~ obisnuita - (asigurdri de afaceri, altele decdt cele care nu sunt din sectorul industrial) (asig.) ordinary business ~ olandeza - (in care una dintre parti obtine toate avantajele) Dutch bargain ~ proasta - bad stroke/piece of business, bad/losing bargain ~ producatoare de pierderi - loss maker ~ rentabila - remunerative business, paying/going concern/bargain, capital stroke of business ~ riscanta - adventure, gamble, wildcatting

afaceri ale initiatilor - (directori de societdti, inaiti functionari care detin informatii suplimentare despre anumite actiuni tranzactionate) (bur.) insider dealing/trading ~ bancare - banking ~ bancare de mare anvergura - (implicdnd sume mari de bani) wholesale banking ~ de lunga durata - long-winded business ~ de navlosire - (mar.) chartering business ~ maritime - maritime affairs/ business, shipping business - potentiale/posibile - business prospects a intra in ~ - to go into business a se lansa in ~ - to establish oneself in business afacerism s.n. 1. (peiorativ) profiteering, shady business 2. (spirit mtreprinzdtor) mercantile spirit, businesslike manner afacerist s.m. 1. (peiorativ) trafficker, racketeer 2. (pm de afaceri) businessman afilia v.t. to affiliate v.r. to affiliate, to be affiliated afi§ s.f. poster, bill, billboard ~ mare - crown poster ~ mic - handbill ~ publicitar - show bill afisa v.t. to post up, to bill afi§are s.f. bill sticking afisier s.n. notice board ailuenta s.f. 1. (belsug) affluence, plenty 2. (de lume, de clientela) affluence,rush ~ a ofertelor de vanzare - selling pressure

26 AFL-AGE aflux s. n. (de capital, clienti, mdrfuri etc.) inflow, influx afreta v.t. (mar.) to charter, to freight, to affreight, to fix ~ cu navlu forfetar/global - to charter for lump sum ~ spatiu pe nava - to charter space afretare s.f. (mar.) chartering, freightage, affreightment, fixture agenda s.f. 1. (cornet) note/pocket book 2. (ordine de zi) agenda, order of the day agent s.m. 1. agent; (de schimb, bursa etc.) broker; (intermediar) go-between, medium, middleman 2, (substantd) agent ~ al armatorului - (mar.) owner's agent ~ al carausului - carrier's agent ~ al navlositorului - (mar.) charterer's agent, charter bound agent ~ al unei companii de mesagerie - (SUA) expressman ~ comercial - commercial agent; (comis-voiajor) travelling salesman, canvasser; (comisionar) mercantile agent; (intermediar) merchandise broker ~ comercial costier - (mar.) beachman ~ comisionar - commission agent ~ consular - consular agent ~ de aprovizionare a navelor - shipchandler, ship's chandler ~ de asigurare - insurance agent/ broker; (cdruia i se cedeazd un bun asigurat) (asig. mar.) abandonee; (membru al unei asociatii profesionale) incorporated broker ~ de asigurare Lloyd - (asig. mar.) Lloyd's agent

~ de asigurari maritime - marine insurance broker ~ de bursa - (specializat in tranzactii cu optiuni) option dealer/operator; (SUA) commission broker; (la bursa de mdrfuri) produce broker ~ de colectare a accizelor - exciseman ~ de companie - (mar.) company's agent ~ de cumparare - (care achizitioneazd mdrfuri pentru patronul sail) purchasing agent ~ de descarcare - unloading agent ~ de descarcare-primire - discharging contractor ~ de expeditie - (a mdrfurilor) forwarding agent, freight forwarder ~ de export - export agent ~ de import - import agent ~ de investitii - money manager ~ de incasari - collecting agent ~ de Tncarcare - loading contractor ~ de incarcare si expeditie - shipping and forwarding agent ~ de lichidare in vama - clearance/ clearing agent; (SUA) customs broker ~ de navlosire - (mar.) chartering agent/broker, freight agent/broker ~ de onorare a cererilor de despa-gubire - (in baza politelor de asigurare) claims adjuster ~ de pariuri - bookmaker ~ de presa - press agent ~ de primire - (a mdrfurilor) receiving clerk ~ de publicitate - advertising/publicity agent ~ de schimb - (bur.) stockbroker; (de mdrfuri) mercantile broker; (de cambii) cambist, running broker; (de titliin (ie vuioîft'} conversion a "en:

AGE-AGR 27 ~ de schimb valutar - foreign exchange broker/dealer ~ de scont - discount broker, bill broker ~ de subscriere - subscription agent ~ de transfer - (care inregistreazd transferal titlurilor de valoare) (SUA) transfer agent ~ de transport - transport agent ~ de transport si expeditie - shipping and forwarding agent ~ de tranzitari - transit agent ~ de vanzare a navei - ship sale broker ~ de vanzari - selling agent, sales agent/representative ~ del credere - del credere agent ~ electoral - canvasser ~ fiscal - tax collector, exacter, exactor; (care fixeazd impozitele) assessor ~ frigorific - cold carrier, cooling agent, refrigerant ~ frigorific lichid - refrigerant fluid ~ general al armatorului - (mar.) husband ~ imobiliar - real estate agent/ operator, estate agent; (SUA) realtor ~ intermediar - (comisionar cu ridicatd) factor ~ maritim - marine agent, ship agent/ broker; (de expeditie) shipping agent ~ monetar - circulating medium ~ pentru brevete - patent agent ~ platitor - paying agent ~ sanitar - health officer agentie A./' agen;,)1, {êuhi} uffice ~ comerciala conii-iserciaL'ti-ciJi., agency ~ de bilete - ticket agciicy

~ de garantare a creditelor de export - export credit agency ~ de informatii de credit - credit reference agency ~ de informatii financiare - (despre firme) status enquiry agency ~ de navigatie - shipping agency ~ de plasare - employment agency/ bureau ~ de presa - press agency ~ de publicitate - advertising agency ~ de rating - rating agency ~ de recuperare a datoriilor - debt- -recovery agency ~ de stiri - news agency ~ de verificare a solvabilitatii - (unui client sau a unei firme) credit agency ~ de voiaj - travel/tourist agency ~ guvernamentala - government agency ~ imobiliara - estate agency ~ maritima - maritime agency ~ portuara - port agency ~ vamala - customs agency agio s.n. (bur., fin.) agio; premium agiota v.t. to job, to speculate on the stock exchange, to bull and bear agiotaj s.n. agiotage agiotor.y.m. agio/stockjobber agitare s.f. (a pietei bursiere prin cumpdrarea masivd de actiiim ale unei societdti neperfbrmante cu intentia de u-i create artificial valoarea) bubble agitat adj. (despre piata bursieru} excited agrar adj. agrarian agregat s.n i. (uti/a]) (engine) unit, plani. unit. :"-seinbly, geiieratsng sc; 2. {indicts,..:' siati.Mic ci.! cme ,u' niasouici acli':uutea econciii[(.n u ii/ici tan') a^gre^ti^

28 AGR-AJU ~ macroeconomic - macroeconomic aggregate ~ monetar - monetary aggregate agricol adj. agricultural agricultor s.m. farmer, cultivator; agriculturist; (tdran) peasant agricultura s.f. agriculture, farming;

~ a salariilor - wage adjustment ~ a valorii - (mdrirea sau scdderea valorii unui post de activ din bilant pand la valoarea zilei respective) (cont.) value adjustment ~ conjuncturala - (ansamblu de politici si mdsuri macroeconomice luate de stat) conjunctural adjustment

subsistence ^bsist ~ de subzistenta — agriculture/farming ~ extensiva - extensive agriculture ~ intensiva - intensive agriculture, high farming ~ mecanizata - mechanized agriculture ~ mixta - (cultivarea pdmantului si cresterea animalelor) mixed farming agrimensor s.m. land surveyor agrimensura s.f. land surveying agrobiologie s.f. agrobiology, agricultural biology agrochimie s.f. agrochemistry, agricultural chemistry agroindustrie s.f. agribusiness agronoms.m. agronomist agronomic s.f. agronomy, agronomics, agriculture agrotehnica s.f. agrotechnics, agricultural engineering, land use, farm practices agrozootehnica s.f. agricultural zootechnics ajun s.n. eve ~ al lichidarii - (bur.) name day ajunge v.i. (la) 1. to arrive (at) 2. (despre o sumo) to amount (to) ~ la scadenta - to fall due ~ la un compromis - (cu creditorii) to compound ajusta v.t. (la) to adjust (to) ajustare s.f. adjustment

~ ^mM a Droturilor -corrcctiE price adjustment ~ la convertire - (sumd rezultatd, in momentui convertirii obligatiunilor, din diferenta dintre pretui de rambursare al vechilor obligatiuni si pretui color noi) adjustment on conversion ~ la sfarsitui anului - (a conturilor in vederea mcheierii bilanûlui) year-end adjustment ~ structurala - (modificdri promovate de autoritdtile guvernamentale pentru ameliorarea climatului general al economiei nationale) structural adjustment ajustari ale taxelor vamale la export - border tax adjustments ajuta v.t. to aid; to assist; (material) to support; (a sustine) to sustain, to back up; (la nevoie) to relieve ajutor s.n. aid; (asistentd) assistance; (material) support; (la nevoie) relief; (bdnesc) allowance; (alocatie) benefit s.m. 1. aid; assistant 2. (loctiitor) deputy; (adjunct) adjunct, adjoint ~ de boala - sick(ness) allowance/ benefit/pay ~ de inmormantare - death grant ~ de maistru - charge hand ~ de na§tere - maternity allowance/ benefit/pay ~ de stat - (acordat familiilor numeroase) state grant to large families

AJU-ALO 29 ~ de §omaj - unemployment allowance/benefit/pay, dole ~ economic - economic assistance ~ extern - foreign aid ~ financiar - financial assistance ~ mutual - mutual aid ~ pentru comert - (serviciile bancare, de publicitate, asigurdri, transporturi) aids/ancillaries to trade ~ social - social security benefit alatura v.t. \. (a pune aldturi) to lay by, to join, to add/to adjoin/to subjoin to; (a anexd) to annex; (intr-un plic) to enclose 2. (a compara) to compare; (a confruntd) to confront; (a colationa) to collate alaturat adj. (anexat) annexed, enclosed aici ~ - here enclosed, herewith album s.n. album; (pentru articole, decupaje etc.) scrap book ~ de mostre - sample book alcatui v.t. 1. (a schita, a redacta) to draw up 2. (un deviz) to estimate aleatoriu adj. aleatory, random alegator s.m. voter, elector alege v.t. 1. to choose; (a selecta) to select, to screen 2. (a vota) to elect, to vote 3. {intr-un post) to vote in alegere s.f. 1. choice; selection; (a celei mai bune alternative) (man.) screening 2. (yotare) election, polling alianta s.f. alliance aliena v.t. (dr.) to alienate alienabil adj. alienable alienare s.f. (dr.) alienation aliment s.n. food, foodstuff; pi. victuals alimente de prima necesitate - essential foodstuff

~ pentru consum rapid - (fast foods, alimente special ambalate si preparate pentru a fi consumate imediat) convenience goods alimenta v.t. 1. to feed, to nourish 2. (CM apd, energie electricd etc.) to supply; (cu combustibil) to fuel 3. (piata) to supply alimentara s.f. provision/food store aliniere s.f. (procesul prin care o bancd isi coreleazd activul/creditele cu pasivul/depozitele) matching ~ a fondurilor - (rnetodd de finantare a creditelor prin depozite cu scadentd comund) funds matching aloca v.t. to allocate, to allot, to assign; (din buget) to budget; (a destina) to earmark alocare s.f. allocation, allotment, assignment; appropriation ~ a activelor - asset allocation ~ a capitalului - (criterii de decizie pentru investitii in active fixe care implied compararea costului investitiei cu beneficiile sale viitoare) capital budgeting ~ a costurilor individuale - (din costui total) cost allocation ~ a resurselor - (distribuirea resurselor, mtr-o economic, intre diferite utilizdri pentru a obtine un ansamblu de bunuri finale) allocation of resources, resources allocation ~ de actiuni - allotment of shares ~ de sarcini specifice - (fiecdrui utilaj din cadrul fabricii) machine loading alocatie s.f. allocation, allotment, assignment; (ajutor bdnesc) allowance, benefit, compensation, grant-in-aid ~ bugetara - budget dole

30 ALO-AMB ~ de familie - (pentru copii) family allowance ~ de hrana - food/victualling allowance ~ de tmbarcare - (mar.) shipping allocation ~ de §omaj - dole ~ individuals - capitation grant ~ pentru copil - child benefit ~ pentru grevi§ti - strike benefit/pay alonja s.f. (pagina atasatd unei cambii, destinatd andosdrilor succesive) allonge, rider alterna v.t. to alternate alternative s.f. alternative alternative nonmonetare - (elemente implicate in luarea deciziilor privind utilizarea resurselor care nu pot fi exprimate in forma monetard) nonmonetary alternatives amanets.n. pawn a da/a lasa ~ - to pawn a scoate de la ~ - to take out of pawn, to redeem, to ransom amaneta v.t. to pawn, to put in pawn amanetare s.f. pawnage amara v.t. (incdrcdtura navel) (mar.) to lash, to secure, to fasten, to fix, to bind amarare v.t. (mar.) lashing, securing, fastening, fixing, binding ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - (in magazia navei sail pe punte) securing of cargo ~ a marfurilor - making fast, strapping ~ pentru mare - securing for sea ~ temporara - working fastening amana v.t. 1. to postpone, to lay over, to put off; (a intdrzia) to delay 2. (dr.)

to adjourn, to continue 3. (a pdsui) to reprieve, to respite amanare s.f. 1. postponement; delay 2. (dr.) adjournment 3. (pdsuire) respite, grace ~ sine die - adjournment sine die ambala v.t. to pack up, to package, to wrap up; (in baluri) to bale; (in sad) to bag; (in Idzi, cutii) to encase; (cadouri) to gift-wrap ambalaj s.n. pack, package, packing, wrapping ~ cerut §i platit de cumparator - special packing paid ~ de export - export packing ~ de ma§ina - machine packing ~ defectuos - deficient/faulty packing ~ din hartie rezistenta - kraft paper ~ etan§/impermeabil - waterproof packing ~ facturat separat - packing extra ~ inclus in pret - packing included ~ maritim - seaworthy packing ~ necorespunzator - inadequate packing, unsound package ~ neinclus in pret - packing not included ~ pentru cadouri - giftwrapping ~ pentru transportui pe mare - packing for shipment, overseas pack ~ potrivit dupa forma obiectului - fit packing ~ refolosit - second-hand package ~ returnabil - returnable package ~ transparent - blister pack ambalare s.f. packing, wrapping; (in baluri) baling; (in sad) bagging, sacking; (in Idzi, ciitii) encasement, crating; (de cadouri) giftwrapping ambalator^.w. packer, wrapper ambasada s.f. embassy

AMB-ANA 31 ambasador s.m. ambassador ~ plenipotentiar - plenipotentiary ambulant adj. itinerant, strolling ameliora v.t. to improve, to make better, to better ameliorare s.f. improvement, betterment ~ a solului - soil improvement amenaja v.t. 1. to arrange; (o casa) to fit up, to dispose; (un oras) to plan; (a mobila) to furnish 2. (a echipa) to fit out, to appropriate; (o nova pentru o anumitd clasd de pasageri sau pentru transportui de marfd) to accommodate amenajare s.f. 1. arrangement; accommodation 2. pi. {ale navei) accommodations, fittings, facilities ~ de santier - construction management ~ forestiera - forest management ~ portuara - harbour accommodation amenajari de dana - berthing facilities, berth fittings ~ pentru animale - cattle fittings ~ pentru cereale - grain fittings ~ pentru pasageri - passenger accommodations ~ pentru transportui fructelor - (faguri de lemn) fruit fittings amenda v.t. 1. (a imbundtdti) to amend, to improve; (o lege) to amend 2. (a pune la amenda} to fine, to penalize amendamenti-.n. amendment amenda s.f. fine, penalty; (penalitate pentru mcalcarea unui contract) forfeit, penalty amiralitate s.f. admiralty amnistia v.t. to amnesty amortiza v.t. 1. {a rambursa treptat o datorie prin pidti repetate) to amortize,

to sink, to clear off, to write off 2. (procedeu contabil ce constd in diminuarea treptatd a valorii capitalului fix, survenitd in cursul perioadei de functionare, ca urmare a uzurii normale si a invechirii previzibile} to depreciate amortizabil adj. depreciable amortizare s.f. 1. (a unei datorii) amortization, sinking 2. (cont.) depreciation, wear and tear ~ accelerata - accelerated depreciation ~ cumulata - accumulated depreciation ~ fixa - fixed depreciation ~ in cote egale - straight-line depreciation ~ in sume fixe - level payment amortization ~ libera - free depreciation ~ normala - fair wear and tear amplasa v.t. to place, to lay out, to site, to locate amplasament^.n. site, location an s.m. year ~ civil/calendaristic - civil/calendar year ~ comercial - commercial business ~ contabil - accounting year ~ cu vin de calitate - vintage year ~ curent - current year ~ de productie - working year ~ de referinta - base year ~ financiar - financial year ~ fiscal/bugetar - fiscal year ~ - record/de varf- peak year ~ universitar - academic year ani de munca - (socotiti la calcularea pensiei) pensionable service analists.m. analyst

32 ANA-ANA ~ al pietei bursiere - (care intocmeste grafice, tabele) chartist ~ de investitii - investment analyst analiza v.t. to analyse; (a defaica) to break down analiza s.f. analysis; (defalcare) breakdown ~ a breselor - (identificarea oportunitdtilor de marketing pe o piata) gap analysis ~ a calitatii - quality survey ~ a cheltuielilor de capital - capital expenditure analysis ~ a componentelor activitatii - operation breakdown ~ a componentelor postului - job breakdown ~ a concurentei - (de cdtre firmele rivale) competitor analysis ~ a drumului critic - (analiza etapelor pentru realizarea fiecdrei activitdti succesive in vederea implementdrii intregii strategii) critical path analysis ~ a fluxului de numerar - (cont., fin.) funds-flow analysis ~ a investitiei - investment analysis ~ a postului -job analysis ~ a pragului de rentabilitate - (metodd de a stabili ce nivel al vdnzdrilor este necesar pentru ca un produs nou so. depdseascd pragul de rentabilitate, adicd veniturile sdfie mat man decdt costurile) (cont.) break- -even analysis ~ a preturilor - breakdown of prices ~ a proportiilor — (pentru determinarea performantelor unui agent economic) ratio analysis ~ a riscului - (fin.) risk analysis ~ a riscului politic - (evaluat de un investitor, referitor la politico guver-

namentald a unui stat) political risk analysis ~ a scadentelor - due date analysis ~ a seriilor cronologice - (pentru elaborarea previziunilor comerciale) time-series analysis ~ a sistemului - system analysis ~ a timpului necesar miscarilor - (in procesul muncii) motion time analysis ~ a titrului - assay ~ a tranzactiei - (cont.) transaction analysis - a valorii - (analiza componentelor fi a operatiilor pentru obtinerea unui produs, in vederea realizdrii aceleiaî calitdti la un cost mai redus) value analysis ~ a vanzarilor - sales analysis, breakdown of sales ~ a vanzarilor cu amanuntui - (debuseuri, stocuri, publicitate etc.} shop audit ~ a vanzarilor in adancime - (de la primirea comenzii pdnd la expedierea mdrfii §i afacturilor) sales depth test ~ a vechimii debitorilor - debtor age analysis ~ asociata - (tehnicd de lucru utilizatd in dezvoltarea noilor produse) conjoint analysis ~ calitativa - (studiu de piata) qualitative analysis ~ cantitativa - (studiu de piata} quantitative analysis ~ comportamentala - (initiatd dc conducerea unei intreprinderi pentru u afia cauza relafiilor necorespunzdtoare dintre patronat si salariati) attitude survey ~ contabila - accounting analysis

ANA-AND 33 ~ cost - beneficiu - (metoda de evaluare a oportunitdtii implementdrii unui protect, a continuant unei afaceri prin compararea beneficiilor obtinute cu costurile /acute) cost-benefit analysis ~ de expertiza/arbitraj - umpire analysis ~ de grup - (tehnicd de analizd statisticd prin intermediul cdreia o mostrd este incadratd intr-o serie de grupuri cu anumite trdsdturi comune) cluster analysis ~ de piata - market analysis ~ de portofoliu - (analiza unui depozit de titluri avdnd drept criteriu valoarea bursierd a acestora, profitui etc.) portfolio analysis ~ de trend - (analiza evolutiei situatiei financiare mregistratd de o firmd) trend analysis ~ dispersionala/de variants - (analiza diferentelor dintre costurile si veniturile alocate si cele actuate) variance analysis ~ economics - economic analysis ~ factorials - factorial analysis ~ financiara - financial analysis ~ globala - bulk analysis ~ incrementala - incremental analysis ~ intrare-iesire - (metoda de studiere a interdependentelor cantitative dintre activitdti economice corelate, de analizare a relafiilor dintre divers ele industrii producdtoare fi consumatoare din cadrul unei economii nationale) input-output analysis ~ in sectiune transversals - (calculul ratelor financiare la doud momente diferite de timp) cross-sectional analysis

~ macroeconomics - macroeconomic analysis ~ marginala - marginal analysis ~ pe categorii - category analysis ~ procentuala - percentage analysis ~ statistics - statistical analysis ~ strategics - (analiza factorilor-cheie care pot asigura succesul) (man.) strategic analysis ~ structurala - (a unei ramuri industriale, a unei economii nationale) structural analysis ~ volumetrica - measure analysis ancheta s.f. 1. (dr.) inquest, inquiry, investigation 2. (sociald etc.) investigation; (studiu) survey ~ de opinie - opinion survey ~ de piata - market survey ~ de teren - field research -judiciara -judicial investigation ~ prin sondaj - sample survey ~ sociala - social investigation andoca v.t. (mar.) to dock, to drydock andosa v.t. (un efect de comert) to endorse, to back andosabil adj. endorsable andosant v. andosator andosare s.f. endorsement ~ completa - endorsement in full

conditionata - conditional endorsement ~ cu rezerve - qualified endorsement ~ de complezenta - accommodation endorsement ~ defectuoasa - incorrect endorsement ~ facultativa - facultative endorsement ~ in alb - endorsement in blank ~ neconditionata - unconditional/ absolute endorsement ~ prin procura - procuration endorsement

34 AND-ANS ~ reglementara - regular endorsement ~ restrictiva - restrictive/restricted endorsement

speciala/nominala - special endorsement andosatar^.rn. endorsee andosator-y./n. endorser, backer ~ precedent - previous endorser ~ ulterior - subsequent endorser al doilea ~ - second endorser anex adj. annexed; enclosed anexa v.t. to annex, to append, to join; {intr-un plic) to enclose anexat adj. annexed; (alaturat) enclosed ~ alaturat - annexed herewith ~ la prezenta - attached hereto anexa s.f. 1. annex; (la un document} rider, schedule; (in plic) enclosure 2. {dependinta} annex; dependency, appurtenance angaja v.t. 1. to employ, to hire (on); to take in one's service; (ca ucenic) to indent, to indenture 2. (o nava) to book, to hire, to fix 3. (a implied} to involve v.r. 1. (a se obligd) (sd) to engage oneself (to), to pledge/to bind oneself (to) 2. (intr-un serviciu) to become employed, to go into service ~ raspunderea - to pledge the liability of angajament s.n. 1. engagement, commitment; pledge; (de naturd contractuala) indenture 2. {obligatie) obligation, liability; (datorie, pasiv) liability ~ de contributie - (in avaria comund) (asig. mar.) average bond ~ de garantie - suretyship ~ eventual - contingent liability

~ ferm — (a! subscriitorului fata de intreaga emisiune de titluri de valoare) firm commitment ~ neonorat/restant - outstanding liability ~ scris - (depus in custodia unei terte persoane care actioneazd conform unei intelegeri prealabile} (dr.) escrow angajare s.f. employment, hire; (intr-un post) induction ~ continua — (perioadd de functionare nemtreruptd la o firmd, folositd pentru calcularea unor beneficii) continuous employment ~ de forta de munca excedentara - (pentru a evita lips a acesteia in viitor) labour hoarding ~ de personal - staffing angajat.s-.rn. person engaged/employed ~ cu norma intreaga - whole timer, full-time employee angro adv. wholesale angrosist s.m. wholesale dealer/ merchant, wholesaler; (comerciant care se aprovizioneazd de la un anumit producdtor, pdstrdnd un anumit stoc de marfd, in schimbul unor bonificatii) stockist animal s. n. animal - de povara - pack animal, beast of burden ~ de tractiune - beast of draught ~ producator de lana - wool bearer animate de reproductie - bloodstock, pedigree stock ~ vii - {categoric de marfd) live cattle/stock animatic s.n. (fragmentele in miscare dintr-un clip publicitar televizai) animatic ansamblu^.rt. ensemble; aggregate

ANS-ANU 35 ~ de date catalogate - catalogued data set ~ de elemente - (care afecteazd randamentid) yield mix ~ de locuinte - housing development ~ de produse - product mix antedata v.t. to antedate, to foredate antedata s.f. antedate anteproiect s.n. preliminary/previous design/plan/project, first draft anterior adj. anterior (to), prior (to) anterioritate s.f. anteriority, previousness; priority ~ a inventiei - priority of invention aatets.n. heading of a letter, letterhead anticipa v.t., v.i. to anticipate, to forestall anticipare s.f. anticipation; (asteptare, expectativa) expectation ~ si temporizare - (indicatorii activitdtii economice nationale sunt fie previzionati, fie confirmati dupa producerea transformdrilor) leading and lagging anticipari de pret - price expectations ~ inflationiste - inflationary expectations ~ rationale - (tendinta participantilor la schimb de a prevedea actuinile vizand modificarea rezultatelor pietei) rational expectations anticipat adj. anticipated adv. beforehand antidumping s. n. antidumping antiinflationist adj. anti-inflationary antiprotectionist s.m. (SUA) tariff reformer antitrust adj. antitrust antrepozit s.n. warehouse, storehouse, entrepot

~ de consignatie - consignment warehouse ~ frigoritic — cold storehouse ~ pe tarm - warehouse ashore - portuar - harbour warehouse ~ vamal - bonded/customs warehouse, public storehouse antrepozitare s.f. warehousing antreprenor s.m. contractor, entrepreneur, enterpriser, undertaker ~ de chei - wharfinger ~ de constructii - master-builder, building contractor ~ de descarcare-primire - (a mdrfurilor) (mar.) landing coniractor ~ de incarcare - loading contractor ~ de pompe funebre - undertaker: (SUA) mortician ~ de transporturi - haulage/cartage contractor, transporter ~ general - prime/chief contractor antrepriza s.f. undertaking, enterprise, work by contract, contract for a work a da in ~ - to put out to contract a lua in ~ - to contract for, to take by contract anual adj. yearly, annual adv. yearly, annually anuar s.n. yearbook, directory ~ comercial/al societatilor comerciale - trade/commercial directory ~ de publicitate - advertising directory ~ statistic - statistical yearbook anuitate s.f. annuity ~ a politei comune de asigurare de viata -joint life annuity ~ a politei comune de asigurare de viata si pentru supravietuitor - (cu anuitatea diminuatd dupa decesul unuia dintre cei doi asigurati) joint life and survivor annuity

36 ANU-APE ~ aleatorie - (a unei polite de asigurare de viatd, a caret platd este conditionatd de producerea unui eveniment) contingent annuity ~ amanata - (as ig.) deferred annuity ~ perpetua - perpetual annuity ~ platibila pentru o perioada limitata - (asig.) terminable annuity ~ prin reversiune - (asig.) reversionary annuity ~ sigura/la termen - (asigurare care prevede plata cdtre beneficiar a unei anuitdti pe o perioada determinata) annuity certain anula v.t. 1. to annul, to disannul; (a revoca) to revoke; (a contramanda) to call off; (o comandd, un credit etc.) to withdraw; (o datorie) (cont.) to write off 2. (dr.) (a abrogd) to nullify; (a rezilia) to cancel, to undo, to void, to vacate; (a respinge, a casa) to overrule, to reverse; (o lege, un testament etc.) to render void, to void, to repeal anulabil adj. cancellable; voidable, vacatable anulare s.f. 1. annulment, disannulment; (a unei comenzi, a unui credit etc.) withdrawal; (a unei datorii) remittal, write-off 2. (dr.) (abrogare) nullification, defeasance; (reziliere) cancellation, voidance, avoidance; (a unui testament etc.) invalidation, voidance anunt s.f. announcement, notice, notification; (afis) bill; (in ziar) advertisement; (informatie apdrutd in ziar) insertion; (fluturas, anunt distribuit trecdtorilor) handbill ~ de reclama - (secvenfe din filme de cinema si televiziune prezentate ca reclama) trailer

~ in ziar - newspaper advertisement ~ publicitar - (la radio si televiziune) spot announcement/broadcast, commercial; (al unui detailist publicat aldturi de anuntui fabricantului respective (SUA) tie-in a da un ~ la ziar - to advertise in a newspaper, to put an advertisement anunta v.t. to announce, to notify; (printr-un afis) to bill; (in ziar, la radio etc.) to advertise aparat s.n. apparatus, device, appliance; (marina) machine; (instrument) instrument; (mecanism) gear, mechanism ~ de productie - production apparatus ~ pentru prelevare de probe - sampler, sampling device aparatura s.f. apparatus; equipment ~ electrocasnica - white goods apartament.s'.n. flat; suite apartamente cu chirie/de inchiriat - lodgings apatie s.f. apathy ~ la cumparare - (in ciuda reclame!) sales apathy apa s.f. water ~ poluata - polluted water ~ potabila - drinking/potable water ape continentale - continental waters ~ costiere - coastal/offshore waters ~ cu trafic intens - congested waters ~ de pescuit - fishing waters ~ industriale - industrial waters ~ interioare - intemal/interior/inland waters ~ Internationale - international waters ~ inchise - (pentru navigatie) closed waters ~ maritime - maritime waters ~ nationale - inland waters

APE-ARE 37 ~ navigable - navigable waters ~ portuare - harbour/port waters ~ reziduale/uzate - waste waters, effluents ~ teritoriale - territorial waters apel s.n. 1. call 2. (dr.) appeal ~ de sinistru - {mar.) distress/SOS call a declara ~ - to lay/to lodge an appeal, to reclaim apelant s.m. (dr.) appellant, appealing party, plaintiff in appeal aplana v.t. (un conflict) to settle aplica v.t. 1. (o lege) to enforce 2. (o semndtura, o stampild) to append, to affix apart s.n. contribution ~ de capital - contribution of capital aprecia v.t. (a evalua) to appraise, to evaluate, to estimate, to assess v.r. (bur., cont.,fin.) to appreciate apreciere s.f. 1. (evaluare) appraisal, evaluation, estimate, assessment 2. (a valorii unui activ) (bur., cont., fin.) appreciation ~ a capacitatii - (unui salariat) performance appraisal ~ a perspectivelor pietei - assessment of market prospects ~ a unei valute - (in raport cu altele) currency appreciation aproba v.t. to approve; to sanction; (a ratified) to ratify; (a fi de acord cu) to agree with/to aprobare s.f. approval ~ a cadastrului - planning permission apropria v.t. to appropriate 2. (dr.) to convert apropriere s.f. 1. appropriation 2. (dr.) conversion aproviziona v.t. to supply; (a furniza) to furnish; ( cu materiale, piese etc.) to

stock; ( cu alimente) to provision, to victual, to cater for v.r. to take/to lay in a stock/supply, to buy in, to provide oneself ~ excesiv — (o piatd, un magazin etc.) to overstock ~ insuficient - to understock aprovizionare s.f. supply; (furnizare) furnishing; (cu alimente) provisioning, victualling, catering ~ institutionalizata - (modalitate prin care diversele organizatii identified si evalueazd produsele pe care doresc sd Ie achizitioneze) organizational buying ~ in grup - (a detailistilor) group trading ~ pe termen scurt - short-run supply ar s.m. (unitate de mdsurd) are ara v.t. to plough, to till arabil adj. arable, tillable aranjament s.n. arrangement; (intelegere) agreement, settlement ~ amical - friendly arrangement aratura s.f. 1. (arat) ploughing, tilling 2. ploughland, tillage arbitra v.t. to arbitrate; (un diferend) to umpire arbitraj s.n. 1. (solutionarea unui diferend de cdtre o persoand sau institutie automata) arbitration 2. (cumpdrarea si vdnzarea simultand de instrumente financiare similare pe piete diferite cu scopul realizdrii unui profit sau pentru a prevent eventualele schimbdri posibile in raporturile de preturi ale instrumentelor respective) arbitrage ~ cu dobaiida acoperita - (fin.) covered interest arbitrage ~ de indici - (bur.) index arbitrage

38 ARB-ARM ~ intre burse ale aceleiasi tari - shunting ~ pentru normele de munca ~ arbitration of work standards ~ speculativ - speculative arbitrage ~ valutar - arbitrage in/of exchange, exchange arbitrage arbitru s.m. arbitrator, arbiter arbore s.m. tree ~ de decizie - (stabilirea grqflcd a tipului de relatie intre deciziile manageriale si factorii probabilistici) (man.) decision tree arenda v.t. (a da sau a Ilia in arenda) to lease, to rent; [a luu in arenda} to tenant arendare s.f. (dare sau luare in arenda) lease, leasing; (luare in arenda) tenancy arenda? s.m. leaseholder, lessee, tenant ~ abuziv — (care continud sd ocupe o proprietate dupd expirarea contractului fdrd acordul proprielarului) tenant at sufferance ~ cu contract — (valabil un anumit numdr de ani) tenant for years ~ cu contract valabil un an - tenant from year to year - fara contract -- tenant at will ~ in cota indiviza - tenant in common ~ pe viata - tenant for life, life tenant arenda s.f. (drept) lease; (plata) rent -- excesiva - rack-rent - pe viata - perpetual lease - supiimentara - (p'ldtitd pentru terenuri cdnd aceslea sunt insuficiente) scarcity rent a da in ~ - to grant/to iet out on lease a lua in ~ - to lake on lease ar^mts.n. silver -• in. liiigoiiri - silver bullion

~ monetar/cu titlu legal - standard/ sterling silver arhivar s.m. archivist, keeper of the records arhivas.f. archives, records arhivele statului - public records arie s.f. area; (siiprafatd) surface; (zond) zone; (intindere) extent, expanse ~ a vanzarilor - (de care rdspunde un agent de vdnzdri) sales territory/zone ~ productiva - (arie petroliferd} payable area/zone arierat^.n. arrear, overdue debt arima v.t. (afrxa incdrcdtura unei. nave sau a unm avion pentru mentinerea mini centra/ favorabil stabilitdtii) to stow arimare s.f. stowing, stowage ~ a marfurilor - stowing goods ~ corecta - sound stowage arma v.t. 1. (o nava) to fit out, to outfit, to commission 2. (a incadra cu echipaj o navd) to man armare .s'./ (mar.) 1. (dotare cu echipament si materiale) fitting out, outfit, commission 2. (incadrare cu echipaj) manning armatorA'./H. (mar.) shipowner, owner ~ - administrator - managing owner ~ al navei de linie - berth owner/ shipowner ~ al navei-tramp - tramp owner ~ - ciimparator — merchant shipper

independent/necartelat nonconference carrier ~ - Inchirietor - chartered/freight contractor - »{ na\ lositor - owner and charterer

armoniza v.i 1. {poliiici fi practici nationale Ci! stundardele inte:''r.a-honai.e} to harmonize 2. (d!fe"te'

ARM-ARU 39 tipuri de registre contabile ale unei societdti) to reconcile armonizare s.f. hamionization ~ a taxelor vamale - (nniformizarea nomenclatoarelor î a procedurilor vamale in tdrile care coopereaza) customs/tariff harmonization ~ strategica — {corelarea dintre stra- tegia companiei î resursele sale} {man.) strategic fit arta s.f. art ~ a decorarii vitrinelor - window dressing ~ mestesugareasca - handicraft, craftsmanship articol s.n. 1. (de ziur) article 2. {de lege) article, item 3. (comercial) article, commodity; pi. goods, wares ~ contabil - entry, item ~ de export - export ~ de fond - {editorial) leader, leading article ~ de import - import, foreigner ~ de inchidere - {cont.) closing entry ~ de lux- luxury article ~ de ordine - {cont.) suspense entry ~ de virament - {cont.) transfer entry ~ debitor - {cont.) debit entry ~ economic - (in ziar) city article ~ fara cautare - (impiis consumatorului) (SU'A) tie-in ~ foarte cautat - best seller ~ garantat - {ca origine) genuine article ~ impozabil - taxable article ~ patentat - proprietary article ~ recapitulativ - (cont.) compound entry ~ vandut in pierdere - (pentru a atrage clienieia fi a promova alie articole) Joss leade'-

articole casnice - household articles ~ casnice de folosinta indelungata - household durables ~ de baza ale exportului - staple exports - de fierarie - ironmongery ~ de larg consum - consumer goods ~ de lana - woollen goods ~ de lemn - woodenware ~ de menaj - small ware ~ de mercerie - haberdashery ~ de moda - fancy goods ~ de papetarie - paper goods ~ de prima/stricta necesitate - (living) essentials, necessaries ~ de sezon - seasonal articles

desperecheate/dezasortate broken/job lot, oddments ~ diverse - sundries ~ exceptionale - {cont.) exceptional items ~ extraordinare - (cont.', extraordinary items ~ returnate - (vdnzdtorului} saSes returns, returns inwards ~ sanitare - sanitary articles ~ semifabricate - semifinished semimanufactured articles eel mai avantajos/competitiv ~ - best buy artizan s.m. artisan, handicraftsman, craftsman artizan al adj. handmade artizanatj-.n. handicraft arunca v.t. {mdrfnn, materiale etc peste hoi-d pentru salvarea navci} {mar.) to jettison, to cast/to throw overboard ariincare ;c,/' {a incarcutiin, ':e:.!.. bord) (mar ) ieUison

40 ARU-ASI arvuna s.f. advance (money), earnest (money), handsel a da ~ - to bind a bargain arvuni v.t. to give earnest (money) for asambia v.t. to assemble asana v.t. 1. (o miastind) to reclaim; (tin lac, o baltd) to drain 2. (a imbundtdti, a redresa) to improve; to normalize 3. (finantele) to reorganize ascundere s.f. (a activelor de cdtre un falit, a adevdrului de cdtre un asigurat etc.) concealment asesor^.m. (dr.) assessor asieta s.f. 1. (pozitie a planului de baza al unei nave fata de planul orizontal) trim 2. (baza de calcul a unui impozit) basis ~ de exploatare - (mar.) operating trim ~ de mar§ - (mar.) running/sailing trim asigura v.t. \. (a da cele necesare) to provide 2. (a garanta) to secure, to ensure; to assure 3. (impotriva) to insure (against); (un rise) to cover; (o proprietate maritimd) to underwrite v.r. (impotriva) to insure oneself (against), to take out an insurance (against) asigurabil adj. insurable asigurare s.f. 1. securing, ensuring; assurance 2. (impotriva accidentelor, a pierderilor) insurance; (a unui rise) cover; {de viatd) assurance; (maritimd) underwriting ~ a animalelor - livestock insurance ~ a calitatii - quality assurance ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - insurance of cargo, cargo insurance ~ a cheltuielilor extraordinare - disbursement insurance

~ a creditelor - (care ii garanteazd unui creditor cd isi va recupera fondurile in cazul in care debitorul nu isi mat poate indeplini obligatiile de platd) credit insurance ~ a creditelor de export - export credit insurance ~ a depozitului bancar - bank deposit insurance ~ a garantiei - guarantee insurance ~ a marfurilor depozitate -warehouse insurance ~ a navlului - (asig. mar.) freight insurance ~ a raspunderii - liability insurance ~ auto - automobile/motor insurance ~ aviatica - aviation insurance ~ casco - hull insurance ~ colectiva - group insurance ~ concurenta - (la mai multi asigurdtori) concurrent insurance ~ cu anuitate - annuity insurance ~ cu avarie particulars! - (asig. mar.) insurance with particular average ~ cu echipament si accesorii - (asig. mar.) outfit insurance ~ de la depozit la depozit - warehouse to warehouse insurance ~ de marfuri periculoase - hazardous (goods) insurance ~ de persoane impotriva accidentelor si a bolilor - personal accident and sickness insurance ~ de proprietate - property insurance ~ de raspundere civila - third-party insurance, public liability insurance ~ de raspundere personala - personal liability insurance ~ de renta viagera - life annuity insurance ~ de somaj - uneployment insurance

ASI-ASI 41 ~ de viata - life assurance/insurance ~ de viata din fonduri salariale - (cu prime achitate/refinute din salami) salary savings insurance, payroll deduction insurance ~ dubia - {la doi asigurdtori) double insurance ~ efectuata de o societate comerciala de asigurari - (spre deosebire de o asigurare mutuala) proprietary insurance ~ facultativa - voluntary insurance ~ fara avarie particular^ - (asig. mar.) insurance free from particular average ~ flotanta - floating/open insurance ~ fluviala - river insurance ~ generala - (impotriva tuturor riscurilor) general insurance ~ globala - (care acoperd un grup de riscuri multiple sau asigurd o proprietate in locuri diferite) blanket insurance; (SUA) package insurance ~ inferioara — (subasigurare, asigurare in care suma asiguratd este mult mai mica decdt valoarea reald a bunului asigurat) underinsurance ~ impotriva accidentelor - accident/casualty insurance ~ impotriva accidentelor de munca - workmen's compensation insurance ~ impotriva avariilor - insurance against damages ~ Impotriva furtului - theft/burglary insurance ~ impotriva incendiului - fire insurance ~ impotriva lipsei de onestitate - (incheiatd de patronul care se asigurd impotriva pierderilor cauzate de

necinstea unui angajat) fidelity insurance ~ Impotriva nerespectarii obligatiilor contractuale - fidelity insurance ~ Impotriva pierderii totale - insurance against total loss ~ impotriva prejudiciilor aduse unui tert - third-party insurance ~ impotriva riscurilor de razboi - insurance against war risks, war risk insurance ~ impotriva riscului de transport - transport insurance ~ impotriva riscurilor multiple - multiple peril insurance ~ impotriva spargerii - insurance against breakage ~ impotriva tuturor pierderilor sau a avariilor - insurance against all losses or damages ~ impotriva tuturor riscurilor - insurance against all risks ~ in bloc - (a mdrfurilor expediate in loturi mid cu diferite mijioace de transport} block insurance ~ maritima - marine/sea insurance ~ mobiliara - movable property insurance ~ mutuala - mutual insurance ~ partiala - partial insurance ~ pe viata - whole life insurance; (SUA) straight life insurance ~ pe voiaj - (asig. mar.) voyage insurance ~ pentru accidente de munca - industrial injuries insurance ~ pentru sectorul tehnic - engineering insurance ~ pentru toate riscurile - all-risks insurance

42 ASI-ASO ~ pentru vreme rea - (asig. mar.} weather insurance ~ perfecta impotriva riscurilor - (bur., fin.) perfect hedge ~ provizorie - provisional insurance

suplimentara - additional/ supplementary insurance asigurari de sanatate - medical/health insurance - de stat - state/national insurance - maritime pe caile navigabile interioare - inland marine/transit insurance ~ sociale — social/national insurance ~ sociale din fonduri salariale - contributory insurance asigurat adj. insured s.m. insured person, insurance carrier

integral - fully insured asigurator s.m. insurer; (asig. mar.) underwriter - ;il earicului - cargo underwriter -- casco - {at corpuhd navei} hull underwriter - de navlu - freight underwriter - Lloyd - Lloyd's underwriter - maritini - marine underwriter - principal - leading underwnter asimetrie .•;,,/. asymmetry ~ intre nivelurile de dezvoitare economica - [aspect esential cil eco-nomici mondiale conlemporane, conferit de structura elerogend a acesieia, cure este alcutuitd din tdri en niveJuri economice difenie'} asymmetry '1 economic development levels asistent s.m. assistant -- social - welfare/social worker asistenta s.f. 1, {anuor} assistance, aici;

tc. i relief ^.

~ economica - economic assistance ~ juridica - legal aid ~ maritima/pe mare - (in caz de pericol) salvage ~ pentru dezvoitare - development assistance ~ sociala - social welfare, welfare work ~ tehnica - technical assistance asocia v.r. (cu) to associate (with), to enter into partnership (with) asocial.?.»;. associate; partner ~ activ - active/acting partner - - administrator - managing partner ~ cu numele - quasi-partner ~ in participate - (cu raspundere in limitele capitaliilui subscris) special partner ~ nominal - nominal partner ~ principal - senior partner ~ putin cunoscut - (comanditar, partener care nil ia parte acliva la afaceri) silent/sleeping partner ~ secundar - junior partner ~ unic - sole trader a lua pe cineva ca - to take smb. into partnership asociatie s.f. 1. association; (socielate) society 2. (economica) partnership ~ de asigurare mutuala - mutual insurance association ~ de economii si credite - (SUA) savings and loan association - de intrajutorare - (a muncitorilor) jiroviderit society ~ familiala - family firm

nonprofit - unicorporated .issociation -• patronalii - trade' association prolesionala/necomerciai;'

ASO-ATI 43 ~ voluntara - (de detailisti care au convenit sd cumpere de la un singur angrosist, in schimbul unor facilitdti si avantaje) voluntary groups asociere s.f. association; (economica) partnership ~ fara contract - partnership at will asolament s.n. (rotatie a cultiirilor agricole) rotation/alternation/ succession/shift of crops, crop rotation/ succession ~ de cinci ani — five-course rotation ~ furajer - fodder rotation asorta v.t. 1. to assort, to sort: to match, to suit, to fit 2. (a aproviziona un magazin cu mdrfuri variate) to assort asortiment s.'n. (corn.) assortment, range, variety ~ de e§antionare - variety of patterns ~ in vanzare - sales mix asumare s.f. assumption ~ a riscului — (acceptarea riscului chiar si in conditiile in care existd numeroase incertitudini legate de posibilitatea obtinerii mini anumit cdstig î de stabilitatea acestuia) risk assumption ~ a riscului de credit - assumption of credit risk asa adv. (cum) as ~ cum este prezentat - (refentor Ju semnarea iinui conosameiit) (nun: i as presented ~ cum se prezinta - (conditie in asigurarea maritimd} tale qiiale a^teptare s.f. 1, waiting 2, (speri.inSe perspective} expectation 3 (rnvel a! eforliilui pe care un. salanat cnn.sici(:'i'ci cd trebuie sa-i depnnu pentrii (.i-fi

mdeplini sarcmile si obiectivele de lucru) {man.) expectancy ~ la descarcare - waiting for discharge ~ la incarcare — waiting for loading a^teptari Hexibile - (referitor la valoarea viitoare a unei variahile, estimatd mfunctie de mai multi factori) adaptive expectations ~ rationale — (explicarea comportamentului economic al indivizilor sou al companiilor in functie de. optiunea pentru una dintre previziunile realizate) rational expectations ataffats.m. attache ~ cultural - cultural attache ~ comercial - commercial attache ~ militar - military attache atelier s.n. workshop, shop ~ de montaj - assembly shop ~ de reparatii auto — motor repair shop ~ mecanic - machine shop ~ meste§ugaresc - small plan! operation ~ plutitor - (mar.) repair ship/vessel. workshop ship/vessel, floating facton,"' works atesta r t. to attest, to certify atestat s.n. certificate - de recomandare - testimonial atinge v.t. 1. (un nivel) to reach; (') cifrd, o suma) to run to 2. (un scop} to achie'\ e. to gain, to attain; {a realiza) to achieve - Tn medie - to average ~- pragul de rentabiSitate - to breai< even atinêre A/.' (a firiiîihii/citr'isni/i /';;'';/•?;) (but.) grounding atltudine s.''". attitude

44 ATI-AUT ~ in fata riscului - (felul in care diferite persoane se raporteazd, in procesul ludrii deciziilor, la caracterul probabilist al evenimentelor) risk attitude atomicitate s.f. (caracteristicd esen- tiald a pietei in cadrul cdreia existd numerosi cumpdrdtori si vdnzdtori, fdrd ca vreunul dintre ei sdfie prepon- derenf) atomicity atribui v.t. to allot, to assign atribuire s.f. allotment, assigning ~ a actiunilor - allotment of shares atribut^.n. attribute ~ evident/caracteristic - (al unui produs) salient attribute atributie s.f. prerogative, competence; (insdrcinare) task, obligation; (de serviciu) duty, function atributii de serviciu - functions audienta s.f. audience ~ — tinta — {segment de consumatori vizat de o campanie publicitara) target audience audit s. n. audit ~ al resurselor - (in vederea realizdrii unei strategii economice) (man.) resource audit ~ bancar - banking audit ~ casnic - home audit ~ de marketing - marketing audit ~ detaliat - detailed audit ~ ecologic - environmental audit ~ extern - (efectuat de specialist! din afara institutief) external audit ~ general — (la sfdrsitui anului financial general audit ~ intern - (efectuat de specialisti din institutia respectivd) internal audit ~ permanent - continuous audit

~ social - (justificarea costurilor si a beneficiilor impuse societdtii de cdtre mtreprinderf) social audit auditoriu s.n. audience ~ captiv - (obligat sd asculte material publicitar in timpul receptiondrii unor programe de radio si televiziune) captive audience aur s.n. gold ~ afectat.. ./in custodie - gold earmarked ~ monetar/cu titlu legal - standard gold ~ nemonetar - nonstandard gold aurifer adj. auriferous, gold-bearing austeritate s.f. austerity autarhie s.f. autarchy, autarky ~ economica - economic self- -sufficiency autentic adj. authentic, genuine; (despre o copie) certified ~ si valabil - (despre cecuri) genuine and valid autenticitate s.f. authenticity, genuineness autentifica v.t. to authenticate, to legalize, to certify; (la notarial) to notarize autoaprindere s.f. (a unor mdrfuri) spontaneous combustion/ignition, auto- -ignition autobuz s.n. bus; (pentru curse lungi) coach autocamion s.n. (motor) lorry, (automotive/motor) truck ~ cu remorca - motor lorry and trailer ~ de transportat busteni lungi - timber truck autocisterna s.f. tank lorry/truck, road tank car/tanker, bulk lorry

AVT-AÂ 45

autoconsum 5.7!. (consumul de bunuri si servicii finale de cdtre producatorul msusi) self-consumption autoevaluare s.f. (a impunerii; sistem practical in unele tdri prin care contribuabilul isi calculezd singur cuantumul impozitelor) self-assessment autofinantare s.f. self-financing, internal financing autoimpunere s.f. self-taxation automacara s.f. crane tmck, truck crane automat adj. automatic s.n. automatic machine; (pentru vdnzarea de bilete, tigdri, ziare etc.) slot/vending machine automatizare s.f. automation automobil s.n. (motor) car; (SUA) automobile ~ de proba - test car autoritate s.f. authority ~ civila - civil authority ~ delegata - vicarious authority ~ executiva - executive authority ~ fiscala - revenue authority ~ ierarhica - line authority ~ maritima - maritime authority autoritati portuare - harbour/port authorities ~ vamale - customs authorities autoriza v.t. to authorize; (a permite) to allow, to permit; {a imputernici) to empower, to warrant; (a either a o licentd/autorizatie) to licence; (publicarea in presd) to release autorizare s.f. authorization ~ de retragere - {de sume din cont) drawing authorization autorizatie s.f. authorization, permit; licence ~ de brevet - patent licence ~ de export - export licence

~ de import - import licence ~ de reimport cu scutire de taxe vamale — (a mdrfurilor care au fost exportate din Marea Britanie cu mai putin de cinci ani inainte de data reimportului) bill of store ~ de retragere - (de sume din cont) drawing authorization ~ de vanzare - selling licence ~ scrisa - authorization in writing ~ vamala pentru provizii de bord -(mar.) victualling bill autoservire s.f. 1. self-service 2. (magazin) self-service store autostrada s.f. motorway, expressway autotransport s.n. truck haul(ing) autotren s.n. truck/motor lorry and trailer, trailer truck autoturism s.n. touring car, (motor) car, tourer autoutilitara s.f. utility car/vehicle autovehicul s.n. motor vehicle, power--driven vehicle aval s.n. (garantie speciald de platd a unei cambii) bill guarantee, surety for a bill of exchange avalist s.m. (eel care garanteazd plata unei cambii prin aval) referee in case of need, guarantor avaliza v.t. (a gira o cambje) to guarantee, to warrant avanport s.n. outer harbour/port, outside port avans s.n. advance (money), earnest (money), handsel; (acordat unei mtreprinderi care produce pentru stat sou pentru derularea unor servicii publice) imprest ~ de contributie la avaria comuna -(asig. mar.) general average deposit

46 AVA-AVA '- de tmprumut maritim - advance on bottomry ~ din navlu - (mar.) freight advance ~ in contui marfurilor - advance against goods ~ in contui platii - account of payment ~ in numerar - cash advance avansa v.t. 1. (pe cinevd) to promote 2. (bani) to advance; to pay in advance, to make an advance payment v.i. (in junctie) to advance, to be promoted avantaj s.n. 1. advantage 2. pi. (acordate angajatilor in afara salariului) amenities ~ absolut - (detinut de o tara sail o regiune in raport cu altele datorita resurselor naturale, fortei de mimed etc., fapt care determina scdderea costurilor de productie) absolute advantage ~ comparativ — (principiu care considerd cd o tara sail o regiune ar trebui sd se specializeze in productia si exportui acelor bunuri pentru care eficienta este relativ crescutd, in comparatie cu alte bunuri si servicii) comparative advantage ~ competitiv - (ideea conform cdreia punctele forte si slabe ale unei societdti se pot determina mimai prin comparatie cu concurenta) competitive advantage avantaj e si dezavantaje - assets and drawbacks avantaj os adj. advantageous, favourable; profitable, beneficial avaria v.t. to damage avariat adj. damaged ~ de conditii atmosferice nefavorabile - (despre mdrfuri) weather-beaten

avarie s.f. 1. damage; (asig. mar.) average 2. (defectiune) breakdown, failure ~ (a marfii) prin contaminare - damage by contamination ~ accidentals - accidental damage ~ anticipata/probabila - anticipatory damage ~ ascunsa/neobservata - (asig. mar.} hidden damage ~ comuna - {asig. mar.') general/gross average ~ comuna in strainatate - (asig. mar.) foreign general average ~ comuna $i salvare - (asig. mar.) general average and salvage ~ de abordaj - (asig. mar.) collision damage ~ de e§uare - (asig. mar.) damage through grounding/stranding ~ de manipulare - damage by handling ~ evaluabila - assessable damage

evaluata cu subiectivitate -sentimental damage ~ grava - heavy damage ~ inerenta - (datorita naturii marfurilor sail viciilor proprii acestora) natural damage ~ in sarcina - damage chargeable to ~ la descarcare - discharging damage ~ particulars - (asig. mar.) particular average ~ produsa - damage done/incurred ~ produsa de apa marii - wash damage ~ produsa de deplasarea incarcaturii - shifting damage ~ produsa de frecare - chafing damage ~ produsa de sudatie - sweat damage

AVA-AV1 47 produsa de valuri - wave damage,

damage through stress of waves ~ usoara - slight damage ~ vizibila - (asig. mar.) apparent damage avarii acceptate si evaluate - (asig. mar.) agreed and liquidated damages avants.n. (economic) boom avea v.t. to have; (a posedd) to possess ~ avantajul intr-o tranzactie/afacere - to get the best of the bargain ~ cautare - to be in request/demand, to go off/through ~ cent debitor - to be in the red ~ cont deschis la banca - to bank at/with ~ drept de optiune - to have the first refusal ~ legatura cu - to have a connection/ relation to avere s.f. fortune, wealth ~ imobiliara - immovable property, immovables, chattels real, reality ~ mobiliara - movable property, movables, chattels (personal), personalty ~ mobiliara si imobiliara - movable and immovable property ~ sub tutela - trust fund a face ~ - to make fortune avers s.n. (al unei monede) obverse aversiune s.f. aversion ~ fata de rise - (a investitorilor) risk aversion ~ fata de riscul absolut - (sumd de bani la care tin investitor poate renunta ca alternativd la o investitie cu rise ridicaf) absolute risk aversion aviatie s.f. aviation ~ civila - civil aviation avicultor s.m. poultry farmer/breeder

avicultura s.f. poultry farming avion s.n. (air)plane, aircraft ~ charter - charter plane ~ de linie/curse regulate - airliner ~ de pasageri - passenger aircraft; (de mari dimensiuni) airbus ~ de transport - commercial/transport aircraft, air carrier aviz s.n. 1. note, notice, advice: notification 2. (sfat) advice; (pdrere) opinion ~ competent - expert advice/opinion ~ de angajament - (de spatiu pe nava) (mar.) (freight) booking note ~ de angajament in conditii de linie - (mar.) berth note ~ de atribuire a actiunilor - letter of allotment, allotment letter ~ de concediere - notice of dismissal ~ de confirmare - (expediat titularului unui cont sail al unui depozit de titluri. acesta returndndu-l semnat bdncii sale pentru a confirma exactitatea unui extras) reconciliation statement; confirmation slip ~ de convocare - (a actionarilor} notice of meeting ~ de credit — (care indicd faptui cd in creditui unui cont a fost fdcutd o inregistrare) credit advice ~ de debit - (care indicd faptui cd in debitiil unui cont a fost fdcutd o inregistrare) debit advice ~ de dispensa - (notd a unuia dintre titularii unui cont comun prin care renunta la dreptui de a primi extras de cont separaf) notice of dispensation ~ de expediere/expeditie - advice of dispatch, forwarding agent's notice; (mar.) advice of shipment, shipping advice

48 AVI-AZI ~ de expeditie pe mare - sailing advice ~ de incasare - collection advice ~ de incarcare si expeditie - (mar.) shipping note ~ de incetare a platilor - notice to suspend payments ~ de livrare - delivery advice ~ de nava ,,gata de operare" acceptat - (mar.) accepted notice of readiness ~ de neonorare - (a unei cambii) notice of dishonour ~ de plata - demand note ~ de primire - notice of receipt ~ de retragere de fbnduri - withdrawal notice ~ de sosire a marfii pe calea ferata - railway advice aviza v.t. to advise; to give smb. notice; (a instiinta) to inform, to notify; (a avertizd) to warn avizare s.f. advice; notice, notification ~ a interesului asigurat - (asig.) notice of interest declared ~ a tncasarii - advice of collection ~ a plecarii - (navei) (mar.) sailing notice ~ a scadentei - notice to pay ~ a sosirii - (navei, a mdrfurilor) arrival notice ~ de nava ,,gata de operare" - (mar.) notice of readiness ~ de nava ,,la rand" - (mar.) stem note avizier s.n. notice/poster board, billboard avocat s.m. lawyer, advocate, attorney (-at-law); (in instantele superioare)

barrister; (in instantele inferioare) solicitor; (care pregdteste actele in vederea unui transfer de proprietate) conveyancer ~ cu drept de acces la o anumita instanta - attorney special ~ cu drept de acces la toate instantele - attomey-at-large a consulta un ~ - to take legal advice avocatura s.f. legal/lawyer's profession, bar avut adj. rich, wealthy, well-off, able in estate; (despre close) propertied, proprietary s. n. wealth; property ~ public - public wealth/property avutie s.f. wealth ~ nationala - national wealth axa s.f. axis ~ temporala - (instrument de analizd monetard prin care se abordeazd evenimentele dintr-o anumita conjuncture financiara) time line axioma s.f. assumption ~ a preferintelor revelate - (funda-mentui unei teorii a cererii care se bazeazd numai pe fenomene obser-vabile si mdsurabile) revealed preferences assumption axiomele preferintelor consuma-torului - (in teoria subiectivd a consumatorului individual, ipoteze ale analizei comportamentului consu-matorului si ale testdrii caracterului rational al acestui comportament) consumer's preferences assumptions azil s.n. asylum; (pentru bdtrdni, sdraci) almshouse

B bac§i§ s.n. tip, gratuity, baksheesh, douceur a da cuiva un ~ - to give smb. a gratuity, to give smb. smth. for himself, to tip smb. bagaj s.n. luggage; baggage bal s.n. (balot de marfa) bale, (load) pack ~ cu invelis - wrapped bale ~ de bumbac - cotton bale balansa v.t. (un cont) to balance, to even up balanta s.f. 1. (cdntar) balance, (pair of) scales, weighing machine 2. (cont., fin.) balance ~ a concesiilor - balance of concessions ~ comerciala - balance of trade, trade balance ~ comerciala activa/excedentara - active/favourable balance of trade ~ comerciala pasiva/deficitara - passive/adverse/unfavourable balance of trade ~ de lichiditati - (situatie comparativd a incasdrilor bdnesti si a platilor exigibile la un moment daf) balance of liquidity ~ de plati - balance of payments ~ de plati activa/excedentara - active/favourable balance of payments ~ de plati pasiva/deficitara - passive/adverse/unfavourable balance of trade ~ de verificare - (cont.) trial balance ~ financiara - financial balance

~ globala — (suma tuturor tranzactiilor autonome sau oficiale finantate cu sau fdrd folosirea rezervelor) overall balance ~ invizibila - (a serviciilor) invisible balance ~ materiala/economica - (tablou statistico-economic prin care se evalueazd resursele necesare producerii de bunuri) material/economic balance ~ patrimoniala - (situatia financiara. a unei firme la un anumit moment) patrimonial/assets balance ~ romana - steelyard, Roman balance ~ vizibila — (a exporturilor §i a importurilor vizibile/de mdrfuri) visible balance ~ zecimala - decimal weighing machine balast s.n. ballast; (c.f.) metal ballast; gravel sand bed; (mar.) (shingle) ballast, lastage ~ la plecare - (mar.) departure ballast balasta v.t. to ballast baleniera s.f. whaleboat balot s.n. bale, ballot, pack, package ~ de bumbac - cotton bale ~ de marfa - bale, ballot, load pack balotaj s.n. tie vote, ballotage ban s.m. 1. (monedd) coin 2. pi. money bani activi - (aflati efectiv in circulatie) active money ~ de buzunar/cheltuiala - pocket/pin/ spend money ~ de con§tiinta - (sumd trimisd anonim de cineva pentru plata unor

50 BAN-BAN impozite de la care initial s-a eschivat) conscience money ~ de cosnita - housekeeping money ~ de hartie - paper money ~ de plastic - {mijioc de platd prin cartea de credit) plastic money ~ efectivi - real money ~ expediati - remittance ~ faisi - false/counterfeit/phoney money ~ fierbinti - (capital atras din strdindtate de dobdnzi ridicate sail de un climat politic sigur) hot money ~ flotanti - (delimit! de bancheri §i care nu pot fi investiti din cauza lipsei oportunitdtilor de afaceri §i a situatiei generate de o lichiditate excesivd decdt in depozite la banca centrala) floating money ~ imprumutati pentru o zi - (credit zilnic acordat de band caselor de compensate) day-to-day money ~ in casa - (numerar intrat in casierie) cash-in, cash-in-hand ~ lichizi - cash, ready money ~ marunti - change, small change/coin/money, loose cash/change/ money ~ metalici — hard money ~ murdari - (proveniti din afaceri ilegale) dirty cash, black money ~ neinvestiti - dead/idle money ~ plasati de investitori cu experienta - smart money ~ potriviti - change ~ provizorii — (cambii si bonnri de tezaur) temporary money ~ publici - public funds ~ reprezentativi - (hdrtie-monedd cu acoperire totald in metale pretioase) representative money

~ riscati - (intr-o afacere) stake ~ scripturali/de cont - checkable money ~ scumpi - (acordati cu dobdnzi foarte mart) tight money, money squeeze a da ~ cu dobanda - to lend (out) money at/on interest a strange ~ - to hoard up money a-si valorifica - to get value for one's money bancar adj. banking, bank... banca s.f. bank ~ - agent - (desemnata de un consortiu bancar so. administreze un im- priimnt sindicalizaf) agent bank ~ agricola - agricultural bank; land bank ~ beneficiara - (a unui transfer de fonduri) receiving bank ~ centrala/nationala - central/national bank, bankers'/parent bank ~ comerciala - bank of commerce, commercial/trade/trading/merchant bank ~ - corespondent - (relatia perma- nentd a unei band pe altd piatd financiard unde ea nu dispune de o repre- zentantd proprie) correspondent bank ~ de cliring - clearing bank ~ de concentrare - (a fondurilor din alte band) concentration bank ~ de consortiu - consortium bank ~ de credit - credit bank ~ de date - data bank ~ de depuneri - bank of deposit, deposit bank ~ de economii - savings bank; (in Marea Britanie, band care acceptd depuneri mid) penny bank ~ de economii si societate de constructii - (institutu financiare,

BAN-BAR similare bdncilor, care acordd credits pentru populatie In vederea construirii si a cumpdrdrii de case) building society/and loan association ~ de emisiune - bank of issue, note issuing bank ~ de investitii - investment bank ~ de scont - discount bank ~ de stat - state bank ~ de virament - transfer bank ~ ipotecara - mortgage bank ~ membra - (a Casei de Compensate din Londra sail, in SUA, a Sistemului Rezervelor Federate) member bank ~ mutuala de economii - (SUA) mutual savings bank ~ negociatoare - (bancd ce crediteaza exportatorul cu volumul creditului documentor dupd verificarea doctimentelor) negotiating bank ~ nemembra - (a Sistemului Rezervelor Federate) (SUA) nonmember bank ~ ordonatoare - instructing bank ~ regionala - district/local bank ~ secundara - (societate de credit care finanteazd achizitionarea de bunuri cu plata in rate) secondary bank ~ sigura/de incredere - reliable bank ~ specializata in girarea succe-siunilor - trust bank ~ universala — (care efectueazd toatd gama de operatii si servicii) all--purpose/full-service bank banci mari - (care acordd impru-muturi comerciale si industriale) whole banks ~ pentru activitati cu amanuntui -(care acordd credite persoanelor fizice sifirmelor mid) retail banks bancher .s-.w. banker; financier

bancnota s.f. bank note, note; paper currency; (SUA) bill; soft money ~ falsa - forged/counterfeit bank note bancnote marcate - (pentru orga-nizarea unui flagrant) marked notes bancomat s.n. automatic teller machine, cash dispenser; (SUA) cashomat bancruta s.f. bankruptcy ~ frauduloasa - fraudulent/embezzled bankruptcy banderola s.f. (care atestd plata taxei de timbru) revenue stamp banita s.f. (unitate de capacitate) bushel bara v.t. (un cec) to cross barare s.f. (a unui cec) crossing ~ generala - general crossing ~ speciala — special crossing baraterie s.f. (acte sdvarsite de coman-dant sau echipaj, care dduneazd navei sail caricului acesteia) (asig. mar.) barratry bariera s.f. barrier; (c.f.) railway gate, railway-crossing barrier; (unde se incaseazd taxele de trecere pe sosele, poduri etc.) toll bar/gate; (la intrarea pe aiitostrdzile cu taxd) turnpike bariere comerciale - barriers to trade ~ de iesire — (a unei firme de pe o piatd, dacd se are in vedere necesitatea recuperdrii costurilor de intrare) barriers to exit, exit barriers ~ de intrare - (a unei firme pe o piatd) barriers to entry, entrance barriers ~ netarifare - nontariff barriers ~ vamale — custom/hostile tariffs baril s.m. (unitate de capacitate) barrel barja s.f. barge ~ - container - floating barge container

52 BAR-BEN barometru s.n. barometer ~ al pietei - barometer of the market barter s.n. (co/n.) barter bate v.t. (moneda) to mint, to coin, to emboss, to strike, to stamp batere s.f. (de moneda) mintage, coinage bazar s.n. baza(a)r ~ de binefacere - baza(a)r ~ de solduri -jumble sale baza s.f. base; basis ~ a profitului - (folositd la calcularea impozitului) earnings basis ~ aeriana - air base ~ de active - asset base ~ de aprovizionare - supply base ~ de impunere - basis of assessment/ taxation, tax assessment/base ~ de productie - production basis ~ militara - military base ~ monetara - (termen utilizat pentru •a desemna depozitele la vedere, existente in medie mtr-o perioadd de timp, pentru a desemna cantitatea de numerar intrat in sistemul bancar; agregat monetar care include activele monetare lichide, precum rezervele bdncilor comerciale, numerarul in circulate si in casieriile bdncilor comerciale, activele care pot fi utilizate instantaneu pentru efectuarea pidtilor) monetary base ~ navala - naval base ~ sportiva - sports base/grounds ~ tehnico-materiala - technical and material resources/supplies bazin^.n. basin ~ carbonifer - coal basin/field ~ de manevra - (mar.) manoeuvring basin ~ de marfuri in vrac - (mar.'\ bulk handling cargo dock

~ de radub - (mar.) dry dock ~ pentru petroliere - oil dock ~ portuar - dock (basin), harbour, harbour/port basin, harbo(u)rage ~ portuar comercial - commercial dock ~ portuar cu maree - (cu porti care mentin acelasi nivel al apei) wet dock ~ portuar de export - export dock ~ portuar deschis - (fdrd ecluzd sau poartd de maree) open basin/dock ~ portuar interior - inner dock bacan s.m. grocer; provision dealer/ merchant bacanie s.f. 1. (magazin) grocer's (shop), grocery 2. (meserie) grocery trade banesc adj. money..., pecuniary banos adj. paying, yielding money, moneymaking; remunerative, profitable, lucrative bel$ug s.n. plenty, abundance; (bogdtie) wealth, opulence din ~ - in abundance, plentifully beneficia v.i. (de pe urma) to derive advantage (from), to turn smth. to account; to profit (by), to derive profit (from), to benefit (by) beneficiar s.m. 1. beneficiary; (utilizatorul unui produs finit) (end-) -user 2. (al unei plati, al unui efect de comert) payee ~ al unei anuitati - (asig.) annuitant ~ al unui drept de retentie - lien holder ~ alternativ - (al unei cambii, al unui cec) alternative payee ~ de venituri - income beneficiary ~ eventual — (persoana sau persoanele desemnate sd incaseze prima de deces in cazul in care beneficiarul principal

BER-BIL 53 moare inaintea asiguratului) {asig.) contingent beneficiary ~ fictiv - (al uneipldti) fictitious payee ~ impersonal/nespecificat - (formula pe un cec) impersonal payee ~ in indiviziune - {dr.) joint beneficiary beneficiu s.n. 1. (profit) profit, gain, benefit, proceeds, revenues, earnings, return 2. (dr.) benefit, privilege ~ aleatoriu - contingent profit ~ brut - gross profit ~ contabil — (plusvaloare obtinutd prin revalorizarea unor posturi de activ sail prin deprecierea unor posturi de pasiv) book profit ~ in natura - (pbtinut de un angajat in afara salariului) benefit in kind ~ public - public benefit ~ suplimentar/nedistribuit - surplus earnings beneflcii considerabile - considerable/ hefty profits ~ de exploatare - operating profits ~ de pensionare - retirement benefits ~ descrescande - diminishing profits ~ reduse - scanty profits ~ scontate - profit expectations ~ scontate fara rezerve - unconditional expected profits a participa la ~ - to share in the profits a realiza un beneficiu - to make a profit a se solda cu ~ - to come out of the red benzina s.f. petrol; • (SUA) gas(oline), gasolene ~ cu cifra octanica inalta/ridicata -high-octane petrol/gasoline ~ grea - heavy naphtha ~ usoara - light naphtha

beton s.n. concrete ~ armat - reinforced/steel concrete ~ de ciment - cement concrete

precomprimat - pre-stressed concrete ~ prefabricat - built-up concrete ~ torcretat - gunite, shot crete betona v.t. to (build with) concrete bianual adj. biannual, semiannual bilant s.n. 1. (contabil) balance sheet 2. (raport) report, statement ~ consolidat - {bilantui unui grup, intocmit prin unificarea bilanturilor tuturor filialelor componente) consolidated balance sheet ~ de ansamblu - general balance sheet ~ de lichidare - (al unei societdti in lichidare sau al unui debitor falit) statement of affairs ~ intermediar - (bilant intocmit la o data care nil corespunde cu finalul exercitiului financiar al societdtii) interim statement ~ pasiv/deficitar - passive balance ~ social - (raport care prezintd cheitu-ielile unei intreprinderi si prestatiile sale in functie de mediul social) social report a face bilantui - to draw up/to strike the balance of; {cu sens figuraf) to survey, to review, to sum up bilateral adj. bilateral bilateralism s.n. (corn.) bilateralism bilet s.n. {la teatru) (admission) ticket, theatre ticket; (pentru un mijioc de transport in comun) fare; {c.f.) (railway) ticket; {de loterie) (lottery) ticket ~ cu pret redus - {c.f.) cheap ticket ~ cu pret redus 50% - {c.f.) half-fare ticket

54 B1L-BOG ~ de banca - bank note, paper money ~ de banca falsificat - dud note ~ de credit - (notificare prin care clientnl este instiintat de cdtre un furnizor cd acesta i-a creditat contui, spe- cificdndu-se si suma respectivd) credit memorandum/note ~ de excursie/in circuit - tourist ticket ~ de peron - platform ticket ~ de week-end — (valabil numai in aceastd perioada) (c.f.) weekend ticket ~ direct - (c.f.) through ticket ~ dus-intors - return ticket ~ in circuit - circular/round-trip ticket ~ intreg - full-fare ticket ~ la ordin - promissory note, note of hand ~ la ordin de garantie colaterala - {prin care se ipotecheazd o anumitd garantie in contui unui imprumut) collateral note ~ la ordin platibil la cerere - demand note ~ la ordin simplu/cu un singur nume - {eel al personnel care se vnprumutd) one-name paper ~ simplu/de dus - (c.f.) single ticket ~ valabil/de corespondenta - {c.f.} transfer ticket bilunar adj. bimonthly, semimonthly, fortnightly bimetalism s.n. (fin.) bimetallism, double standard biodegradabil adj. biodegradable bioeconomie s.f. bioeconomics biotehnologie s.f. biotechnology birocrat s.m. bureaucrat, red tapist birocratic adj. bureaucratic biroeratie s.f. bureaucracy, red ta p e/tapc ry/tap i s m birfctica A'/.' office automation

birou s.n. office; (departament) bureau ~ de informatii - inquiry office, information bureau/office ~ de ipoteci - mortgage registry ~ de mesagerie - receiving house/ office, parcel office

de plasare - employment/ unemployment exchange ~ de plati - pay/paying office ~ de schimb valutar - exchange office ~ de §antier - site/job office ~ de verificare a solvabilitatii - (unui client sau a uneifirme) credit bureau ~ de voiaj - travel bureau ~ vamal - customs office blancheta s.f. (blank) form a completa o ~ - to fill up a form bloc s.n. 1. block 2. (casa) apartment house, block (of flats) 3. (economic, politic} bloc; coalition ~ de agregat - unit ~ de locuinte - residential building bloca v./. to block; (conturi, credite) to block, to freeze; (un capital intr-o investitie nerentabild etc.) to lock away/up blocada s.f. blockade ~ economica - economic blockade ~ militara - military blockade bloca j s.n. block ~ Hnanciar - illiquidity blocare .s'./ block, freeze ~ a contului - account's obstruction •" a creditelor - credit squeeze blocat adj. (despre conturi, credite) blocked, frozen boala s.f. illness; (de dwatu) disease

profesionala - industrial/ occupational/trade disease bogat adj. \. nch; (cu hani) moneyed; (avtit) wcaithv, well-off/'-to-do: able iii

BOG-BRA 55 estate; (despre close) proprietary 2. (abundenf) abundant, plentiful, heavy s.m. rich man; pi. (bogatii) the rich (people), the wealthy/moneyed classes, the well-to-do, the upper crust a deveni ~ - to become rich, to make money bogatie s.f. 1. riches; {avere) wealth. means 2. (abundenta) abundance. profusion ~ nationals - national wealth bogatii naturale - natural wealth boicots.n. boycott boicota v.t. to boycott; (a ordona tuturor membrilor umii sindicat sd boicoteze produscle iinei mtreprinderi ai caret muncitori suiit in grevd) to black boicotare s.f. boycotting bol$evism s.n. bolshevism bon s.n. bill, order, voucher, ticket; (tie cartela) coupon; (atasat unui titlii de valoare la purtdtor) coupon; (chitantd) receipt ~ de casa - cash voucher ~ de ie§ire - (din magazie) issue voucher ~ de livrare - delivery order, bill of delivery, freight release ~ de masa - (oferit salariatilor de firma imde lucreaza) luncheon voucher ~ de tezaur - (titlu de stat, instrument financiar emis de autoritatea fiscald pentru fmantarea temporard a deficitului bugetar) Treasury bill ~valoric- scrip bonifica v.t. to make up/good bonificatie s.j'. [corn.) allowance. reduction; rebate, discount, bonus ~ comerciala - trade discount ~ la cantitate - vuiuinc discount

~ la pretui convenit - reduction on the agreed price ~ pentru plata in numerar - cash discount ~ suplimentara/speciala - extra allowance/discount bonitate s.f. creditworthiness, financial reliability bonus s.n. bonus bord s.n. (ai navei) board ~ la bord - (mod de acoslare) (mar.} alongside, side by side, chine to chine ~ liber — (intre linia de incdrcure si linia puntii) (mar.) freeboard ~ liber pentru caric de cherestea -(mar.) timber freeboard borderou s.n. bordereau, (detailed) memorandum, memorandum of contents, docket, list, note; (corn.) schedule; (la receptia marfurilor) tally sheet; (de cumpdrare sail vdnzare de acfiuni) contract note ~ al agentului de incarcare - (mar.) broker's return ~ al brokerului - (bur.) broker's contract note - de cecuri - check list ~ de cheltuieli - note of expenses ~ de decontari - settlement check ~ de expeditie - waybill ~ de plata a salariilor - wages docket ~- de preturi - (corn.) schedule of prices ~ de schimb valutar - exchange contract ~ de vanzare - sale note/sheet bovine s.f. pi. bovmes, (horned) cattle bransa s.f. branch, line; (doineniu} domain, sphere, area (of activity1 '- de ataceri - ime of business

56 BRA-BUG brat s.n. (unitate de mdsurd pentru lungime) (mar.) fathom breasia s.f. guild, corporation; craft brevet s.n. patent, certificate, licence ~ de capitan de cursa lunga - master's certificate/licence ~ de inventie - (letters) patent ~ de pilot - pilot's licence ~ neutilizat - (brevet al unui produs care nu este introdus in circuitui comercial) sleeping patent a cere un ~ - to apply for a patent a exploata un ~ - to work a patent a i se acorda un ~ - to be issued a patent a obtine un ~ - to take out a patent breveta v.t. (pe cinevd) to grant a patent/certificate to; (o inventie) to (protect by) patent brevetare s.f. patenting ~ preemptiva/de blocare - (breve- tarea unui produs sau a until proces tehnologic cu scopul de a-l face inaccesibil concurentei) preemptive patenting brevetat adj. patented, appointed by letters patent; (despre produse) proprietary brigadier s.m. (sef de brigadd) brigade/team leader; (membra al unei brigdzi) brigade member ~ silvic - forester, forest keeper/ranger broker s.m. broker ~ cu atributii complete - full-service broker ~ cu titlu neoficial - (care define actiuni inregistrate pe numele sdu, si nu pe eel al clientului, cu scopul de a usura tranzactia si ca garantie cd aceasta se va realiza in limitele financiare prestabilite) street name

~ de asigurari - insurance broker; (membru al unei asociatii profesionale) incorporated broker ~ de navlosire - (mar.) freight broker ~ la bursa de marfuri - commodity broker ~ maritim - shipbroker ~ neoficial - curb/outside broker, kerb(-stone) broker, outsider ~ oficial/autorizat - sworn broker brokeraj s.n. brokerage, courtage ~ maritim - ship brokerage brosura s.f. booklet, prospectus, leaflet brut adj. 1. (neprelucrat) crude, raw; unmanufactured, unfinished 2. (despre profit) gross bucata s.f. piece, bit; (parte) part, portion; (fragment) fragment buget-y.n. budget ~ de austeritate - austerity budget ~ de capital - capital budget ~ de familie - family budget ~ de marketing - marketing budget ~ de numerar/trezorerie - (care prezintd fluxurile de numerar) cash budget/forecast ~ de productie - production budget ~ de publicitate - advertising budget ~ de stat - state/national budget ~ de venituri §i cheltuieli - incomes and expenditure budget ~ deficitar - adverse budget ~ echilibrat - balanced budget ~ flexibil - flexible budget ~ general consolidat - consolidated general budget ~ interimar - interim budget ~ local - local budget ~ preliminar - preliminary budget ~ promotional - (pentru publicitatea unui produs) promotional budget

BUG-BUN 57 ~ variabil - variable budget a prezenta bugetui - to introduce the budget, to bring in the estimates a vota ~ - to pass the budget bugetar adj. budgetary billeting./!, bulletin ~ bursier/de bursa - (cu date despre cursurile zilnice, volumul tranzactiilor etc.) exchange bulletin/list, printed exchanges, list of quotations, market report ~ de comanda - (cow.) order form ~ de expeditie - dispatch note ~ de stiri - news bulletin ~ de vot - voting paper, ballot ~ meteorologic - weather forecast/ report ~ zilnic al miscarii navelor si a mar-furilor - customs bill of entry bumbac-y.n. cotton ~ brut - (neprelucrat) raw cotton ~ in bale/baloturi - cotton bale ~ - vata - cotton wool bun adj. good s.n. 1. (avere) property, fortune; estate 2. pi. (mobile) goods ~ abandonat - (in special nova) derelict ~ alienabil - alienable property ~ inalienabil - unalienable property ~ salvat - (mar.) salvage ~ transmisibil - transferable property bunuri ale echipajului scutite de navlu - (mar.) seaman's free cargo ~ aruncate in mare - (care plutesc) flo(a)tsam; (care s-au scufundat) jettison, jetsam; (scufundate fi balizate in vederea recuperdrii) lagan, ligan ~ complementare - (produse a cdror utilizare nu este posibild dacd nil se consumd impreund cu ele unul sau mai multe bunuri) complementary goods

~ corporale - (dr.) corporeal property ~ de capital - (active fixe, bunuri folosite in procesul de productie si care au durata de viatd de eel putin un an) capital goods ~ de consum - consumer/consumption goods ~ de consum cu circulatie rapida -fast-moving consumer goods ~ de folosinta imediata - consumer nondurables ~ de folosinta indelungata/durabile -consumer durables ~ de investitie/productie/instrumen-tale - (bunuri care participd la producerea altor bunuri economice) production goods ~ economice - economic goods ~ finale - final goods ~ fungibile - (bunurile la care orice spetd reproduce toate caracteristicile genului) fungible goods ~ imobile/imobiliare - (dr.) chattels real, real estate, immovable/fixed property; (proprietate funciard) landed property ~ incorporale - (dr.) intangible property ~ indivize - (dr.) indivisum estate ~ intermediare - (supuse unor transformdri, dar care se afid in diferite etape ale ciclidui de productie) intermediary goods ~ libere - (asa-numitele ,,daruri ale naturii", cele care nu ridicd probleme de disponibilitate sau proprietate preciim aerul, cdldura cosmicd etc.) free goods ~ marfare - commodity goods ~ materiale - (dr.) tangible property

58 BUN-BUT ~ mobile/mobiliare - (dr.) chattels personal, personal property/effects, movables, goods and chattels ~ nefungibile - (bunurile la care spetele pdstreazd caracteristicile defi- mtorii ale genului, msa fiecare prezintd nnele trasafuri individualizante) nonfungible goods ~ prezente - (dr.} actual assets ~ primare - (obtinnte din mediul natural prin exploatarea resurselor natiirale) primary goods ~ private - private goods ~ publice - public goods ~ substituibile - substitute goods ~ vacante - (dr.) ownerless property ~ viitoare - (dr.) future estate bunastare s.f. well-being, welfare, prosperity ~ colectiva - collective welfare ~ economica - economic welfare ~ nationals - public welfare bursa s.f. 1. (^colara, universitard) scholarship (grant), bursary, bursarship 2. (piatd publicd organizatu) exchange ~ a muncii - labour exchange ~ calma — (cu interes scdzut pentm tranzactii) quiet market

~ de cereale - corn/grain exchange ~ de grau - (SUA) wheat pit ~ de marfuri - commodity/mercantile/ produce exchange ~ de metale - metal exchange ~ de optiuni - (specializatd m tranzac- tionarea de optiuni yi contracte financiare futures) options exchange ~ de produse agricole - produce exchange ~ de valori - stock exchange/market ~ in cre^tere/urcare - bull market ~ in scadere - bear market ~ maritima - shipping exchange ~ neoficiala - kerb(-stone) market, street market ~ oficiala - organized exchange ~ valutara - foreign currency exchange a specula la-stock exchange bu$el s.m. (imitate bushel butic .s'./;, boutique hutoi s.n. cask: (mic) barrel, kilderkin, keg; (mare} butt, hogshead, tun; (hac) vat; (inetalic) drum

to speculate on the de

capacitate}

C cabina s.f. box, cabin; (de vapor) cabin, berth, stateroom; (de vagon de dormit) berth ~ telefonica - call box, telephone booth cabotaj s.n. (mar.) cabotage, coast navigation, coastal shipping/trade/ traffic/transportation, coasting/home trade, coastwise shipping/trade, inshore trade,short haul ~ extern - foreign trade ~ intern - inland trade ~ national — (intre porturile aceluiasi stat, aflate in man diferite) great coasting trade, home trade cabotier s.n. (mar.) coaster, coastwise ship/vessel, short-haul vessel, coast trade ship/vessel, coastal/coasting ship/vessel cadastra v.t. to make the cadastre of; to survey and value cadastral adj. cadastral

cadastre, cadastral registry, real estate re nster) cadou s.n. present, gift ~ publicitar - advertising

gift cadre s.n. pi. staff, personnel ~ de conducere - managing staff caiet s.n. (writing) book ~ de mostre - pattern book ~ de sarcini - specification conditions, articles and conditions; (note de livrare) terms of supply; (conditii tehnice/de exp lou fare) technical conditions, job specifications cal s.m. horse

~ -putere - horse power calamitate s.f. calamity, disaster ~ naturala - natural calamity; (lermeii contractual de navlosire si conosament) (mar.} act of God calcul s.n. calculation, computation, reckoning; calculus ~ actuarial - actuarial calculation ~ al pretului de cost - costing ~ al pretului de cost al procesului de fabricatie - process costing ~ al pretului de cost pe loturi - batch costing ~ al pretului de cost pe unitate de produs - unit costing ~ aproximativ - rough estimate ~ economic rational - rational economics calculation ~ pe cap de locuitor - capitation ~ si plata la casa - (intr-un magazin i checkout ~ uniform al pretului de cost uniform costing calcula v.t. to calculate, to compute, to cadastru s.n.

.survey; land reckon ~ gresit - to miscalculate - media - to average calculare s.f. calculation, computauon reckoning ~ a bugetului pe baza zero (inei0i.h, de alcatuire a buêiului, cure pi^nc . de la premisa iinui buvet inexisteiit .;.; annl precedent) zero-based hudgctiMy- ~ a impozitului - tax assessment ~ a tarei - taring ~ a tonajuiui - tonnage/vuinri.. calciiiatitin

CAM-CAM 61 ~ externa - (platibild in strdindtate) foreign bill; (SUA) external bill ~ Herbinte - (cu scadenta apropiata) hot bill ~ interna - (platibild in tara unde a fost emisd) domestic/inland/home bill ~ in alb - blank bill ~ inlocuita - (cu alte cambii) retired bill ~ intr-un singur exemplar - sola (of exchange) ~ la cerere - demand bill ~ la termen - period/time bill ~ la termen conform uzantei - usance bill ~ la vedere - sight bill ~ onorata - discharged bill ~ pe baza de documente contra acceptare - documents-against- -acceptance bill ~ pe baza de documente contra plata - documents-against-payment bill ~ pe termen lung - long (-dated) bill ~ pe termen scurt - short (-dated) bill ~ retrasa — (inainte de scadenta) retired bill ~ trasa in devize - currency bill cambii de incasat - bills receivable/for collection ~ de platit - bills payable ~ in mai multe exemplare - bills in a set ~ pentru scontare - bills for discount al doilea exemplar al cambiei - second via/of exchange al treilea exemplar al ~ - third of exchange camera s.f. chamber; room ~ agricola - chamber of agriculture ~ de asteptare - waiting room ~ de comert - chamber of commerce

~ de comert $i industrie - chamber of commerce and industry ~ de navigatie - chamber of shipping ~ de valori/tezaur - (intr-o banca) (safety) vault, strongroom ~ frigorifica - cold/refrigerating chamber camere cu chirie/de inchiriat - lodgings camion s.n. lorry; (SUA) truck; (de mobila) van ~ basculant - tip/tipping lorry, dump truck ~ -cisterna de benzina - petrol bulk lorry ~ de mutari - removal van ~ frigorific - refrigerated truck ~ pentru transport de mobila - furniture van ~ pentru transportui animalelor vii - cattletruck ~ - platforma - platform lorry camionagiu^./n. carman, trucker ~ autorizat sa transporte marfuri din §i in antrepozite vamale - bonded carman camionaj s.n. carting, cartage (service), haulage camioneta s.f. pickup (truck), light lorry/truck; (pentru livrdri) delivery car/van campanie s.f, campaign ~ a la baisse - (bur.) bear campaign/ raid/tack ~ a la hausse — (bur.) bull campaign ~ de marketing - marketing campaign ~ de vanzari - sales campaign/drive, selling campaign ~ electorala - election/electoral campaign

62 CAM-CAP ~ organizational;! — (campanie publicitard menitd sd cultive imagined iinei companii in ansamblu) corporate campaign ~ publicitara - advertising campaign/ drive, publicity campaign canal s.n. 1. (natural) channel; (artificial) canal 2. (de sciirgere) drain; (din case) sewer; (rigold) gutter; (colector) sewer; 3. (de televiziune) channel ~ de distributee - (prin care produsul finit ajunge la consumatorul final) channel of distribution, distribution channel ~ de irigatie - irrigation canal ~ de navigatie - ship canal/channel. navigation channel, shipway ~ fluvial - river channel ~ maritim - seaway (canal), maritime canal, ship canal/channel cancelar^.w. chancellor candidat s.m. 1. (la un post) candidate. applicant (for a post) 2. (in alegeri) nominee, candidate 3. (la un examen) candidate a propune un ~ - to nominate a candidate candidature s.f. nomination canibalizare s.f. (situatie in care cresterea volumului de vdnzdri pentru o marcd provoacd scdderea cererii pentru o alta apartindnd aceleiasi linii de prodiise) cannibalization cantaragiu s.m. (check) weigher ~ oficial/autorizat - sworn weigher cantitate s.f. quantity, amount ~ de marfa - quantity of goods, amount of cargo ~ de marfa transportata - haul

~ de produs transportat prin conducta - pipe-line run ~ descarcata - landed quantity, outturn ~ disponibila - available quantity - economic comandata - (cantitate optima a stocurilor care trebuie comandata) economic ordering quantity ~ economic comandata pe lot -economic batch/lot quantity ~ incarcata - shipped quantity ~ inscrisa in documentele de trans-port - waybilled quantity ~ livrata/predata - delivered measure/ weight ~ nevagonabila - less-than-truck load ~ suficienta - fair quantity ~ totala - gross amount ~ vagonabila - waggon-load cantitativ adj. quantitative cap s.n. 1. head; (de locuitor) head 2. (§ef) head,chief - de linie - railway terminal, railhead; terminus capete de acuzare - (dr.) counts of the charge/indictment, specifications of charge ~ de vite - heads of cattle capac s.n. (limitd superioard impusd dobdnzii, mai ales in cazul ipotecii cu dobdndd variabila) (fin.) cap capacitate s.f. 1. (volum) capacity, volume 2. (aptitudine, facilitate) ability, capability, qualification, capacity; (competentd) competence 3. (dr.) capacity, legal competence/ capacity, ability ~ a magaziei - (mar.) hold capacity ~ a navei - capacity of a ship ~ a spatiului de sub punte - (mar.) underdeck capacity

CAP-CAP 63 - bruta - gross capacity ~ contractuala - (dr.) capacity to contract ~ cubica — (in picioare cubice sail metri cnbi) (mar.) cargo/cubic capacity, ship's cubic capacity ~ cubica de depozitare - cubic storage capacity ~ de a produce castig/venit - earning capacity ~ de congelare - freezing capacity ~ de depozitare - storage capacity ~ de deservire a docului - dock capacity ~ de finantare - financing capacity ~ de incarcare - (a navei) weight- -carrying capacity, cargo capacity, burden, lastage, loading/supporting capacity ~ de incarcare pe punte - (mar.) deck load capacity ~ de incarcare pentru cereale - grain capacity/cubic space ~ de incarcare pentru cherestea - lumber load capacity ~ de incarcare pentru minereu - ore cargo capacity ~ de indatorare - (valoarea maxima a datoriei in structura capitalului) (fin.) debt capacity ~ de munca - working capacity. capacity for work ~ de operare a portului - port capacity ~ de plata - ability to pay, payment capacity, solvency ~ de productie - productive/ production capacity, operating efficiency ~ de refrigerare - (a instalatiei) refrigerating capacity

~ de schimb - (posibilitatea de a plati prin cambii fi, in consecintd, de a fi snpus dreptnini cambial) capacity to contract by bills ~ de stivuire - stowage capacity ~ de tancare - tankage capacity ~ de trafic - traffic capacity ~ de transport - carrying capacity '- de transport a marfurilor de volum - volume capacity ~ deadweight/totala de incarcare -(mar.) deadweight capacity/all told/ carrying capacity/tonnage, effective deadweight ~ excedentara - excess capacity; (de productie) surplus capacity ~ excesiva — (de productie. fata de cerere) overcapacity ~ in baluri - (a navei) bale capacity/cubic ~ in containere - (a portcontaineruliii} container capacity ~ in pasageri - (a navei) passengers in berth ~ in vrac - capacity in bulk ~ jurisdictionala - (dr.) capacity to sue ~ legala - (dr.) legal competence/ capacity, ability ~ navlosita - (mar.) freight tonnage ~ neta/utila de incarcare/de incarcare de marfa - (mar.) deadweight cargo capacity, cargo capacity/ deadweight, carrying / net/ payload capacity, paying / useful deadweight ~ neutilizata - idle capacity - nominala - nominal capacity ~ succesorala - (dr.) ability to inherit ~ testamentara - (dr.) testamentary capacity, ability to make a will

64 CAP-CAP ~ volumetrica - measurement capacity, cubic capacity/content capa s.f. {mar.) primage ~ si avarie conform uzantelor - (clauzd de conosament) primage and average accustomed cap can a s.f. trap capcana lichiditatilor - (situatie apdrutd atunci cdnd dobdnzile pentru obligatiuni sunt atdt de scdzute, meat posibilii investitori opteazd pentru detinerea de numerar) liquidity trap ~ saraciei - (situatie in care se afid o persoand cu venituri mid, al cdrei ajutor social e diminuat in functie de cdstigul obtinut din munca suplimentard si care nu are stimulente pentru a muncf) poverty trap ~ somajului - (lipsa de motivatie a somerului de a cduta o slujbd atdta vreme cat primeste ajutorul de somaj) unemployment trap capital adj. capital, chief, principal, essential s.n. capital. ~ activ - (active pdstrate sub forma de bani sau sub oricare altd forma care poate fi rapid transformatd in numerar) active capital ~ adecvat - (capacitatea capitalului unei band de a face fata unei eventuale evolutii negative a activelor sale fdrd a deveni insolvabild) capital adequacy ~ angajat - (capitalul utilizat intr-o afacere, activul net) capital employed/ owned ~ autohton - domestic capital ~ autorizat - (drept acordat consiliului de administrate al unei societdti anonime de a emite actiuni la nivelul autorizat al capitalului social) authorized capital

- autorizat, dar neemis - authorized but unissued capital ~ bancar - banking capital ~ blocat/imobilizat - lockaway, lockup; frozen assets ~ circulant/de rulment - (parte a capitalului real formatd din bunuri care partidpd la un singur dclu de productie, consumdndu-se complet in decursul acestuia si care trebuie inlocuite cu fiecare nou dclu) circulating/working capital ~ comercial - (valoarea combinatd a activelor fixe si curente ale unei firme) trading capital ~ de baza - principal ~ de dotare - (capitalul social pus la dispozitia unei sucursale de societatea- -mamd) endowment capital ~ de exploatare - operating capital ~ de investitie - investment capital ~ de rezerva - (al unei band) surplus reserve; capital of reserve ~ de rise - (investit in activitdti cu grad ridicat de rise) venture capital ~ declarat - stated capital ~ disponibil - present/spare capital ~ emis - issued share capital ~ emis sub forma de actiuni prefe-rentiale - preference capital ~ fictiv - (capital existent sub forma titlurilor de valoare) fictitious capital ~ fix - (parte a capitalului real formatd din bunuri durabile care partidpd la mai multe dcluri de productie si care se consumd treptat) fixed capital/ assets, permanent assets, physical capital ~ fix specific - (cu anumitd intre-buintare in procesul de productie) specific capital

CAP-CAP 65 ~ global - total capital ~ inactiv/neproductiv - inactive/idle/ unproductive capital ~ indisponibil/nelichid - unavailable capital ~ industrial - industrial capital ~ initial - initial/opening/seed capital, principal ~ investit - invested capital ~ imprumutat - loan capital ~ in actiuni - share capital; (SUA) capital stock ~ in actiuni comune -junior capital ~ in actiuni neachitate - (platibile in rate de actionari) {bur.) uncalled capital ~ in actiuni neemise - unissued capital ~ in numerar - cash capital ~ liber - free capital ~ lichid - liquid capital ~ - marfa - commodity capital ~ neemis - unissued share capital ~ mort/neproductiv - dead/ unproductive capital ~ nevarsat - unpaid capital ~ nominal - (expresie a capitalului social al unei societdti comerciale evaluat prin valoarea nominald a titlurilor de proprietate emise) nominal capital ~ obisnuit - (emis sub forma de actiuni comune) ordinary capital ~ proaspat - (in special imprumuturi) fresh money ~ productiv - productive capital ~ propriu/al actionarilor - (detindtori de actiuni comune) equity, equity capital, company equity, equity of a company, shareholders '/stockholders' equity

~ propriu esential - (al unei societdti) core equity ~ real — (capitalul existent in economia reald, care rezultd dintr-un proces de productie anterior si serveste la producerea altor bunuri economice) real capital ~ refugiat - (atras din strdindtate de dobdnzi ridicate sau de un climat politic sigur) refugee capital ~ social - (volumiil total de capital emis de o societate comerciald sub forma de actiuni - in cazul societdtilor pe actiuni - sau de parti sociale - in cazul societdtilor de persoane -) registered/share capital; (SUA) capital stock ~ strain —foreign capital ~ subscris - (aportui in bani si in naturd pe care asociatii sau actionarii s-au angajat sd-l pund la dispozitia societdtii comerciale, in calitatea lor de proprietari) subscribed capital ~ si dobanda - principal and interest ~ transferal in strainatate - {din motive de instabilitate politico, si economica) funk money ~ uman - human capital ~ variabil - variable capital ~ varsat - paid-up/deposit capital capitala s.f. (pras) capital capitalism s. n. capitalism ~ contemporan - contemporary capitalism ~ corporatist - corporate capitalism ~ de stat - state capitalism ~ monopolist - monopolistic/ monopoly capitalism ~ salbatic - wild capitalism capitalist adj. capitalist(ic) s.m. capitalist

66 CAP-CAR capitaliza v.t. (bur., fin.) to capitalize capitalizare s.f. (bur., fin.') capitalization - a rezervelor - (emisiune de actiuni gratuite pentru actionarii existent!) capitalization of reserves, scrip issue ~ bursiera — (valoarea de piatd a unei finne, data de cursul bursei pentru acthmile emise si aflate in posesia actionarilor) market capitalization capitatie s.f. capitation (tax), head/poll tax caracteristica s.f. characteristic (feature); salient feature ~ unica — (trasaturi specifice care diferentiazd un produs de concurentd si care pot fi transmise consiimatorului prin intermediul unui mesa/ publicitar simplu) (corn.) unique selling proposition caracteristici ale produsului - product features ~ tehnice si de exploatare ale navei - ship's specification carat s.n. carat carburant^./M. fuel card s.n. (plastic) card ~ bancar - bank card ~ cu cip - chip card ~ cu microprocesor - smart card ~ de numerar - (folosit la bancomate) cash card cargobot v. cargou cargocontainer s.n. freight container cargoplan s.n. (mar.) cargo/loading/ stowage plan ~ cu partizi de marfa - commodity type stowage plan ~ final - final stowage plan ~ preliminar - tentative cargo plan

cargou s.n. cargo boat/carrier/ship/ vessel, freight boat/camer/ship/vessel, freighter, general cargo carrier/ship/ vessel ~ - container - container carrier/ship/ vessel ~ de cabotaj - coastwise freighter ~ de linie - (cargo) liner ~ de marfuri usoare - light cargo ship/vessel ~ de mic tonaj - sea lorry ~ mixt - (pentru marfuri si pasageri) combination ship/vessel - oceanic - ocean cargo vessel ~ pentru marfuri paletizate - palletized cargo carrier ~ pentru marfuri standard - standard cargo ship/vessel ~ universal - general-purpose cargo vessel, all-cargo ship/vessel caric s.n. (mar.) cargo, charge, burden, load, freight, shipload, shipment, floating cargo ~ amestecat — (fdra mdrci si separatii) bulk pile, mixed cargo ~ aruncat in mare - (balizat in vederea reciiperdrii) lagan ~ complet - balance cargo, full cargo/ load, shipful ~ containerizabil - containerizable cargo ~ cu fardaj - dunnage cargo ~ cu miros specific - (care contamineazd alte marfuri sensibile) odorous cargo ~ cu penalizare - penalty cargo ~ de animale vii - live load ~ de cabotaj - coasting cargo } ~ de cereale - grain cargo ~ de cherestea - timber cargo; (SUA) lumber cargo

CAR-CAR ~ de import - incoming cargo ~ de Tnapoiere/intoarcere - inbound cargo/freight, inward cargo/freight, home freight, homeward cargo/freight. return cargo/freight/load ~ de linie - berth cargo ~ de materiale lemnoase - wood cargo ~ de marfuri generale - general cargo ~ de petrol - oil/petrol/petroleum cargo, cargo oil ~ de plecare - departure loading, outbound freight, outward cargo/freight ~ de produse albe - clean cargo ~ de produse negre - black/dirty cargo ~ de punte - deck cargo/load, shipment on deck ~ de umplutura - filler cargo ~ de volum/cubaj - measurement cargo ~ deplasabil - shifting cargo, cargo liable to be broached ~ deteriorat - damaged cargo ~ incompatibil - {care nupoatefi limit Idngd alte marfuri) incompatible cargo ~ in baluri - bale cargo ~ in butoaie - barrel cargo, barrelled cargo/goods ~ in cala - bottom cargo ~ in lazi - case cargo ~ in pericol - distress cargo ~ in saci - bagged cargo ~ in stare buna - (la sosirea navei in portid de destinatie) cargo in good condition ~ in tranzit - transit freight ~ in vrac - cargo/shipment in bulk, bulk cargo/freight, cargo in bulk, loose bulk cargo ~ incarcat pe baza de conosament - cargo covered by bill

~ la optiune - {jam nominalizareu portului) optional cargo ~ lichid - liquid cargo - mixt - mixed cargo - nerujat - untrimmed cargo ~ nestivuit - unstowed cargo ~ paletizat - palletized cargo

pentru strainatate - freight outwards ~ periculos - dangerous cargo ~ plin si complet - (mugaziile pline ,v; nava afundatd pdiid la linia di mcdrcare regulamenturd) full ami complete cargo ~ rubrical - {in documente dc transport) captioned/subject cargo ~ stivuit - stowed cargo ~ strivit - (din caiiza arimdrii necorespunzdtoare) crushed cargo ~ uniform repartizat - (pe magaza) even load cargo ~ uscat - dry cargo ~ uscat in vrac - bulk dry cargo ~ usor — (cu indice de stivuire de pesii. 50 de picioare cubice} light cargo cariera s.f. 1. (de piatrd) quarry, (stone) pit 2. career a face ~ — to work one's way up, to have a good record a imbratisa o ~ - to take up a career carierism s.n. careerism carierist s.m. careerist, office/place hunter caritabil adj. charitable, eleemosynary carne s.f. (tdiatd sail preparata) meat ~ afumata - smoked/smoke-dried meat ~ alba - white meat ~ congelata - frozen meat ~ conservata - tinned/preserved/potted meat; (SUA) canned meat ~ cruda - raw meat

68 CAR-CAR ~ proaspata - fresh/butcher's meat ~ ro§ie - red meat carnet s.n. 1. (pentru note) note book 2. (act) card; (permis) licence ~ de adrese - address book ~ de cecuri - cheque book; (SUA) checkbook ~ de depozit - deposit book ~ de economii - passbook, savings book ~ de marinar - sailor's pass, seaman's passport ~ de membru - membership card ~ de plata/retinere a impozitului - (pe salarin) tax deduction card ~ de sindicalist - union card ~ de sofer - driver's licence carte s.f. book ~ de credit - credit card ~ de debit - debit card ~ de mare succes - best seller ~ de munca - workman's pass ~ de registru - (cu date despre clasificarea navelor) register book ~ de telefon - telephone directory ~ de vizita - business card ~ de vizita cu specimen de semnatura - signature card ~ funciara - land/cadastral register; (SUA) land office ~ postala - postal card ~ tehnica - instruction book cartea mare - (cont.) ledger ~ mare impersonala/generala - (cont.) impersonal ledger ~ verde — (de asigurare auto internationala) green card carti mari auxiliare/analitice - (cent.) subsidiary ledgers cartel s.n. cartel; pool, ring; syndicate ~ al armatorilor - shipowner's pool

~ al armatorilor de nave de linie - liner conference ~ al speculantilor a la baisse - {bur.) bear pool ~ al speculantilor a la hausse - (bur.) bull pool ~ de companii de navigatie - traffic pool ~ de optiuni - option pool ~ de stabilire a navlurilor - (mar.) freight conference ~ maritim - shipping conference ~ pentru schimbul de licente asupra brevetelor de inventie - patent pool cartela v.t. to cartel, to cartelize, to trustify cartelare s.f. cartelization, trustification cartela s.f. (de alimente sail alte produse uzuale) ration card/book ~ de alimente - food card cartier s.n. district, section, ward; (specific, industrial etc.) quarter ~ de locuinte - residential district ~ de locuinte aflat in administrarea autoritatilor locale - council estate ~ de locuinte ieftine - tenement district ~ elegant - brownstone district ~ muncitoresc - workers' (residential) district/quarter cartofor.y.w. gambler carton s.n. (mucava) pasteboard; (mai subtire) cardboard ~ de ambalaj - packing cardboard ~ de esantioane - (colectie de materials textile) sample card cartona v.t. to bind in boards; to paste cartonaj s.n. 1. (cartonare) pasteboard work 2. (obiecte de carton) pasteboard goods/wares

CAR-CAU 69 cartoteca s.f. 1. (fisier) card index 2. (incapere) filing cabinet casa v.t. (dr.) to annul, to quash, to reverse casa s.f. 1. house; (locuintd) dwelling, habitation 2. (de corner!) house 3. (casierie) cash office, pay desk/office; {in magazin) desk, cash register, till; (la banca) counter ~ cu apartamente sau camere de mchiriat - lodging house ~ cu dependinte - (dr.) messuage ~ de ajutor reciproc - mutual insurance/benefit fund ~ de amanet - pawnshop ~ de asigurari sociale - social insurance fund ~ de bagaje - baggage room, cloakroom ~ de bani - safe, strongbox; vault ~ de bilete - booking office; (la cinema, teatru) box office ~ de broken - commission house ~ de comert - business/commercial/ trading house ~ de compensatie - clearing house ~ de economii - provident/savings bank ~ de economii la oficiul postal - post- -office savings bank ~ de inregistrare - (corn.) cash register ~ de raport - tenement house ~ de schimb valutar - exchange office ~ de scont - discount house ~ mica - petty cash ~ neagra — (cu fonduri nedeclarate) slush fund caseta s.f. (pentru bijuterii) casket; (pentru bani) cashbox, money box; (pentru instrumente) case

easier s.m. cashier; (care plateste salariile militarilor, ale muncitorilor etc.) paymaster; (la banca) teller; (la casa-de bilete) booking clerk ~ automat - (bancomat) automatic teller machine casierie s.f. pay/paying office, cash department, cash/cashier's/money office, desk office casnic adj. (de casa) home...; home- -made; (menajer) household catalog s.n. 1. catalogue; (lista) list 2. (corn.) inventory, catalogue ~ comercial - trade catalogue ~ comercial cu adrese - trade directory ~ de oferte pentru comenzi prin posta - mail-order catalogue cataloga v.t. to catalogue, to put/to enter into a catalogue catalogator^.m. cataloguer, cataloguist categorie s.f, 1. category; (fel) kind, sort; (clasa) class, order, grade 2. (de salarizare, impozitare) bracket ~ a cambiilor - quality of bills of exchange ~ de salarizare - salary bracket ~ de unitati — (pentru bani, greutdti etc.) denomination ~ socioprofesionala - social and professional category/class categorii de impozite - tax schedules cauciuc s.n. 1. (India) rubber 2. (de autovehicul) tyre; (SUA) tire ~ natural - natural/plant rubber ~ sintetic - synthetic rubber cautiune s.f. 1. (garanfie, gaj) security, guarantee, warranty; collateral 2. (dr.) bail ~ legala - legal/compulsory guarantee

70 CAU-CAP a depune ~ pentru cineva - to go bail for smb. cauza s.f. 1. cause; {motiv) reason, ground 2. (dr.) (legal) case, lawsuit, trial ~ proxima - (a cererii de onorare a iinei polite de asigurare) proximate cause a pune pe cineva in ~ - (dr.) to sue/to summon smb. a scoate pe cineva din ~ - (dr.) to rule smb. out of court ca'is.n. case; {intdmplare) event -• de forta majora - case of emergency; act of God ~ fortuit - fortuitous event ~ in speta - concrete case ~ neprevazut — unforeseen event, contingency caza v.t. to accommodate, to lodge cazare s.f. accommodation cazier s.n. (jzidiciar) criminal/identification record calator s.m. 1. traveller; (CM bilef) fare; (pe mare) voyager 2. (pasager) passenger; {twist) tourist ~ cu abonament - regular traveller calatori v.i. (fara a wdica destinatia) to travel (about), to be/to go on one's travels, to be/to go touring; (implicdnd o destinatie) to (make a) journey; (pe apd) to voyage '- cu trenul - to go/to travel by rail/train ~ in interes de afaceri - to travel on business ~ pe mare - to go/to travel by sea, to voyage calatorie s.f. (de obice'i mai lungd) travel; (cu destinatie precisu) journey; (scurta) tour, trip, excursion; (pe mare)

voyage; (rutd/cursd maritimd regulatd) trade ~ cu caric la bord - {mar.) loaded voyage/passage ~ de agrement - pleasure trip ~ de ducere - (a navei comerciale) outward/outgoing voyage, passage out ~ de inapoiere - (a navei comerciale) homeward/inward/return voyage, passage home ~ de predare — (la expirarea termenului de navlosire pe timp) (mar.) delivery voyage ~ dus-intors - round trip/voyage - in balast/neproductiva - (a petrolierelor fji a min era lierelor) ballast passage/voyage, light/unloaded passage ~ in circuit - circular tour ~ pentru probe de receptie - {mar.) acceptance trial trip camatar s.m. usurer, money lender; {care da imprumut pe amanet) pawnbroker, pawnee camataresc adj. usurious camatarie s.f. usury, extortionate practice(s) a face ~ - to practise usury capitan s.m. \. captain 2. {mar.) captain; skipper; (pe navele comerciale) shipmaster ~ de cursa lunga - foreign-trade master, sea captain, captain of long course ~ de doc - dock master - de port - harbour/port master, captain of the port -- fluvial - nver master ~ maritim - sea master capitanie .s'./,' {de port) harbour master's office

CAR-CA§ 71 carau$ s.m. carter; (cargo) carrier, contract carrier ~ asociat — (la un cartel maritim} conference carrier ~ comun - (termen general pentrn companii de navigatie, proprietari de nave si comandanti) common caiTier ~ independent/necartelat - (mar.} nonconference carrier ~ maritim - sea carrier ~ ulterior - {mar.} on-can'ier carauîes.f carriage, haulage, portage carbune s.m. (mineral) (mineral) coal; (mangaT) charcoal ~ brun - brown coal, lignite ~ - bulgari - lump/large coal ~ cosificabil - baking/metallurgical coal ~ cocsificat - caked coal ~ marunt - small/slack coal ~ - praf- coal powder, dross of coal casuta s.f. (posta!d) post-office box catlike s.f. pi. handcuffs ~ de aur - {avantaje financiare acerbate de o fa'md angajatilor important! pentru a evita ca acestia sd fie atrayi de conciirentd'} (man.) golden handcuffs cantar s.n balance., (pair of) scales: (pentru greutdti. man') weighing lever machine ~ decimal - centesimal balance ~ dc precizie — precision balance ~ roman - steelyard a pierde la ~ - to lose (in the) weight a trage la ~ - to weigh heavily cantari ,'./. to weigh to have a weight of ~ rnai greu/mult decat - to outweigh, to overbalance

ca$tig s.n. gain; (dintr-o afacere; retum(s); (prm muncd) eamings-(yeriii) income, revenue; (beneficiu. profit'} benefit, profit, proceeds; (.'(', icteric} prize; [la ciirsele de cai} stake - de capital - (profitii! obtimit da. vanzarea activelor de capital) capita' gains - de cauza - (dr.) recovery o^ judgement - disponibil - (dupa plata taxeior si (• impozitelor) disposable income " tiea$teptat'/neprevazur - windthL (profit) -- nedistribuit - (in uivulende) retainc. earnings - suplimentar - perquisite ca$tiguri disponibile pentru actiunu-comune - earnings available t'" commons - pe actiune - earnings per share - pe actiune complet diliiate (cdstigu! pe actiune recalciilal 'h' h,.f: ipotezei conversiei titiitrilor coin'-" tibile ,•>/' a exercitdrii tiitiiror drepni''!^': de conversie) full\ diluted earnings ;\' share - suplirncntare -- (acordate angajatilor pe langa salarul obisnuit)fringe benefits • supuse retinerilor pentru pensie pensionable emoluments castiga v.t. 1. to gain: to win: {prin munca} to earn; \a dobdndi} to acquire; (un premiu)• to carry off 2. {departea sa) to win over ~ net – to net ~ piata – to capture the market ~ procesul – to win one`s case ~ teren – to gain ground ~ un avantaj – to gain an advantage

72 CEC-CER cec s.n. cheque; (SUA) check ~ acceptat/vizat - (de bancd) certified cheque ~ anulat - canceled cheque ~ bancar - bank cheque ~ barat - crossed cheque ~ care nu poate fl incasat la valoarea nominala - nonpar cheque ~ -corespondenta - correspondence cheque ~ cu limita de suma - limited cheque ~ cu suma falsificata - raised cheque ~ de calatorie - traveller's cheque ~ de retragere - (de numerar din cont) (SUA) counter check ~ deschis/nebarat - open/uncrossed cheque ~ expirat - stale cheque ~ fals - bogus cheque ~ fara acoperire - dud/bad cheque ~ m alb - blank cheque ~ la ordin - order cheque, cheque to order ~ la purtator - bearer cheque, cheque to bearer ~ marcat - (de bancd impotriva falsificdrii) marked cheque ~ necompensat - uncleared cheque ~ personal - (al unei persoane fizice) personal cheque ~ platit/onorat - paid cheque ~ refuzat - returned cheque ceda v.t. to give up, to yield (up); to surrender; to assign ~ si unul si altui - to split the difference cedents.m. (dr.) assignor, releasor celeritate s.f. (mar.) celerity ~ de livrare/predare - delivery speed ~ de operare a portului - port speed

~ uzuala - customary/usual/useful dispatch ~ uzuala continua - continuous customary dispatch centrala s.f. (directie) central/head office; (a unei case de comert, a unei firme etc.) principal office ~ atomo-electrica - nuclear power station ~ electrica - power station ~ hidroelectrica - hydroelectric power station ~ telefonica - telephone exchange ~ termica - steam-generating station centralism s.n. centralism ~ economic - state planning centralizare s.f. (procesul de concen-trare a autoritdtii si a deciziei la central organizatiei principale) (man.) centralization centru s.n. (comercial, financiar etc.) centre ~ al orasului - downtown ~ comercial - commercial/shopping centre, emporium ~ de afaceri - business centre ~ de cost - (unitate cdreia i se pot aloca niste costuri specifice) cost centre ~ de productie - producing centre ~ de profit — (unitate in interiorul unei organizatii care este responsabild de propriul sdu profit) (man.) profit centre ~ turistic - tourist centre cemor s.m. auditor cere s.n. circle; (grup de persoane cu interese economice comune sustinute pe cdi ilegale) ring ~ vicios al subdezvoltarii/saraciei -underdevelopment/poverty vicious circle

CER-CER 73 ~ vicios inflationist - (relatia de interconditionare dintre cr entered pre-turilor bunurilor de consum si inde-xarea salariilor nominale care accen-tueazd inflatid) inflationary vicious circle cercetare s.f. 1. (dr.) (anchetd) judicial inquiry, official examination; (audiere) trial, hearing 2. (stiintificd) research 3. control, examination; inspection; analysis ~ a audientei - (in mass media) audience research ~ a comportamentului consumatorilor - attitude research ~ a mijioacelor de reclama - media research ~ a preferintelor consumatorilor - consumer research ~ de marketing - marketing research ~ de piata - market research ~ -dezvoltare - research and development ~ motivationala - (pentru a descoperi factorii psihologici care determind comportamentui consumatorilor) motivational research ~ operationala - {man.) operational research ~ publicitara - advertising research ~ §tiintifica - scientific research ~ teoretica - pure/fundamental/desk research cercetator^.w. (stiintific) researcher cere v.t. 1. to ask (for), to demand, to request; (a revendicd) to claim; (a pretinde) to exact; (un pret) to charge; {plata unei datorii} to call in 2. (a necesita) to require, to call for, to necessitate v.r. (corn.) to be in request/demand

~ despagubiri - to claim damages, to make/to put in a claim for damages ~ un pret mai mare - to overcharge ~ un pret mai mic - to undercharge cereale s.f. pi. cereals, cereal plants, corn, grain ~ furajere - fodder grain ~ grele - (grdu, porumb, secard) heavy grain ~ in vrac - bulk grain ~ livrate in buna stare - delivered sound grain ~ usoare - (pvdz, orz, seminte de bumbac - cu greutatea hectolitricd sub 60 kg) light grain cerealier adj. cereal..., grain... s.n. cereal carrier, grain carrier/ship, grain- -carrying ship/vessel cerealist s.m. corn dealer cerere s.f. 1. request; demand; claim; exaction 2. (scrisa) petition, application, suit 3. (corn.) demand, run; (de plata a unei societati ai caret actionari sunt sohcitati sd plateasca sumele restante pentru actiunile detinute) call ~ a consumatorilor - consumer demand ~ agregata - (totalitatea cheltuielilor planificate pentru o perioadd deter-minatd, destinate achizitiondrii de bunuri produse in cadrul economic! nafionale) aggregate demand ~ alternativa / combinata / pentru bunuri substituibile - (cerere de produse ori factori de productie inter-sanjabili) alternate/composite demand, demand for substituible goods ~ atipica - (notiune care exprimd exceptiile de la legea cererii) non-typical demand

74 CER-CER ~ complementara/pentru bunuri complementare - (cerere de doud produse care se folosesc impreuna) complementary/joint demand, demand tor complementary goods - concurentiala - (situatie in care dona sail mai multe produse concureazd pentru satisfacerea cererii pieici) competitive demand - constanta - steady demand ~- controlata - pent-up demand '- dc amanare - (a platii) petition for respite - d'c cotare/listare - (bur.) application ior quotation/listing

de credite - {in economic) credit demand de daune/despagubiri - damage cl;.n,n,

daim for damages de declarare in stare de faliment -(r./' i

bankruptcy petition, petition in DanKmptcy th; despagubire cu drepturi l>rionlare -

prior claim dc inSocinre - {u vruaiêic'' de ;:'>'(.'.,.

fi/.? indtlin^yita} replacenient .leniaMd -• cu; maija — (garantie qfenfd lie did'i, ;'i•ol'•el•llit.î) {l>iu\) margin call'nouc,; - <lc moneda — (componenfa a pieiei ')'i."u'^('/f^, constund dlii cerereu tie nc{i\'e tHoneltire) demand tor money ~ (ir' iliuncii — (neccsand de munca s>;iu! 'md cc e.iiSUi ia un moment dat in • oi'sornia iilie, tan if' fundse dc isii'i'nil -Î'arinr''} demand for iabour - ve oh-ria - lenuer demand

w i't:sra^r;N-' a depunr'rilor ^11'!

~ de tonaj - (mar.) indent for space ~ de transport - (mar.) shipping request, cargo booking ~ de valuta - demand for currency ~ de vamuire in afara programului - overtime request ~ derivata - (cererea pentru un factor de productie rezullatd din modificarea cererii de pe piata produsului finit la care a contribuit factorul respective derived demand ~ directa - direct demand ~ educationala — {element al pietei ediicatiei care reflectd comportamenlul consumatorilor de servicii educa- tionale) demand for education ~ elastica - elastic demand ~ individuals - individual demand ~ intermitenta - intermittent demand ~ interna - domestic demand - previzibila — anticipated demand - reala - effective demand ~ reconventionala - (dr.) counterclaim ~ redusa - sluggish demand -~ sezoniera - seasonal demand - slaba - slack demand - speculative - speculative demand ~ spontana - spontaneous demand - sporita — increased demand ~- §i oferta - supply and demand cererea mai mare decat oferta - (bur.) buyers over cereri de serviciu - situations wanted cerinta s.f. (nevoie) want, need; [necesiiate) necessity; (exiêntd} ^cquircnient ..•'.TinU- ale iiilei activilati -- 10 '•.. :.l..^'i•^r!l[.;^ls

,..• .-.usiy. if.1 anes-

CER-CER ~ american de depozit - (certificat emis de o bancd americand in contui unor titluri de valoare strains') American depository receipt ~ de accident/ghinion - (acordat de instanta unui falit, prin care se certified faptui cd falimentui nil a fost cauzat de proasta conducere a afacerii, ci de un accident) certificate of misfortune ~ de actiuni - share/stock certificate ~ de analiza - (a unui produs) certificate of analysis ~ de asigurare - certificate of ' insurance,

insurance certificate ~ de avarie - (asig. mar.) certificate of damage, damage certificate; average certificate - de cabotaj - coasting certificate ~ de calitate - certificate of quality, quality/grade certificate ~ de cantarire - weight certificate ~ de clasa - (a navel) certificate of classification, classification/class certificate

cabotaj si de pesciat mat mart de 20 ii:

~ de control - inspection certificate ~ de control vamal - (mar.) jerque note ~ de depozit - (titlii emis pe termen scurt sau mediu de o bancd) certificate of deposit; (dovadd prin care banca recunoaste cd a acceptat si u inre-gistrat titluri sau valori in registrul de valori) deposit slip ~ de depozit pentru impunere -(folosit pentru plata impozitelor, certificatui oferind dobdndd) tax deposit certificate ~ de descarcare/debarcare ~ certificate of discharge, discharge/ landinu certificate

~ de dividende - dividend righi certificate ~ de economii - {certificat de titluri <:/<••• valoare) savings certificate ~ de existenta - (certificat eliberat i'i'i' un fond de pensii care atestd cc'i beneficiarul stipulat in certificat este in viatd) certificate of existence ~ de expertiza - (eliberat navei dupa inspectia de registrii) certificate os survey, survey certificate ~ de garantie - certificate 01 guarantee/warranty ~ de inventator - patent letter ~ de investitor - investment certificate ~ de inregistrare - (a actiuniloi nominate) certificate of inscription; (1'. unei societdti comerciale) certificate 01 incorporation; (pentru navele dc

tone-registrii) marine document; (SUA'' certificate of enrollment ~ de libera incarcare - (la petroliere •• free loading certificate ~ de lichidare in vama - clearance certificate, clearing bill ~ de nationalitate - (al navei; certificate of registration/registry ship's certificate of registry ~ de navigabilitate - (mar.') certificai,.: of seaworthiness; (pentru navele iii. pasageri) certificate of clearance: (pentru ueronave) certificate c'i airworthiness ~ de nondumping - nondiimpin^ certificate ~ de obligatiuni - bond certificate - dc origine - (a mdrfurilor de ,"xpt) certificate of manufacture/onHin

^

76 CER-CES ~ de participare - {titlu ce reprezintd o participare la capitalul social al unei intreprinderi) participation certificate ~ de plata a accizelor - excise permit ~ de proprietate - ownership certificate ~ de receptie - acceptance certificate ~ de recuperare - (tip de certificat de dividende eliberat creditorilor sau actionarilor in cazul asandrii unei societdti) debtor warrant ~ de restituire a taxelor vamale -(platite pentru mdrfurile importate care au fost ulterior reexportate sau folosite la fabricarea mdrfurilor de export) (customs) debenture, debenture bond ~ de sarcini - (al unei proprietdti) title report ~ de scutire de taxe vamale - clearing bill ~ de stivuire - stowage/stowing certificate ~ de testare - {a produselor) test certificate ~ de tonaj - tonnage certificate; (mar.) certificate of / measurement, measurement certificate ~ de transfer - (de actiuni) certificate of transfer, transfer certificate ~ de trezorerie - {titlu de stat destinat acoperirii deficitului bugetului de stat) Treasury certificate ~ interimar/provizoriu - (de actiuni, obligafiuni) interim certificate, scrip ~ nominal - (de actiuni) registered certificate ~ notarial - notarial certificate ~ partial de actiuni - (pentru o parte de actiune, cdnd, in cazul fuziunii a

doud societdti, actiunile sunt inegale ca valoare) fractional (share) certificate ~ pentru dobanda e$alonata - (bur.) deferred interest certificate/scrip/ warrant ~ pentru transportui de cereale - (se elibereazd dacd nova are dotdrile corespunzdtoare) grain cargo certficate ~ provizoriu de asigurare - (cu valabilitate pdnd la emiterea politei de asigurare) cover note ~ sanitar - sanitary certificate ~ vama! pentru rambursarea surplusului de taxa vamala - overentry certificate cesiona v.t. {dr.) to assign; to surrender; to transfer; to convey cesionar s.m. assignee; transferee cesiune s.f. {dr.) cession; assignment; transfer; conveyance ~ a dreptului de retentie - assignment of lien ~ de creante - assignment of debts ~ de obligatii - assignment of obligations ~ fara notificare - {cesiune de creante pe care cesionarul nu o notified debitorului/cedentului) undisclosed assignment ~ generala/globala - (prin care un creditor cedeazd unei terte persoane toate creantele sale) general assignment ~ in alb - {transmiterea in scris a unei creante prin andosare fdrd a mentiona cesionarul sau persoana care va deveni creditor) assignment in blank ~ prin novatie - assignment affected by novation ~ voluntara - voluntary conveyance/ consequence/disposition

CET-CHE 77 cetatean s.m. citizen cetatenie s.f. citizenship cheis.n. quay, pier, wharf ~ de descarcare - discharging quay, cargo terminal ~ de incarcare - shipping pier, loading wharf ~ de marfuri - cargo quay ~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk-handling cargo quay ~ de operare - (incarcare, descarcare) freight terminal ~ de operare specializat - terminal ~ de pasageri - passenger quay ~ de petrol - petroleum wharf, oil jetty/pier/quay ~ de reparatii - repair jetty ~ fluvial - wharf ~ pentru mijioace de alimbare/ mahonare - lighterage wharf ~ pentru petroliere - tanker jetty ~ plutitor - dummy, floating bulkhead/ jetty ~ vamal - customs wharf, legal quay cheiaj s.n. (taxe de chei) quay/pier/ wharf dues, wharfage, queyage, pierage chelar s.m. wine cooper cheltui v.t. to spend, to expend; (banf) to disburse, to lay out; (a risipi) to waste, to squander v.i. to spend ~ excesiv - to overspend cheltuiala s.f. expense, expenditure, outgoings; cost; pi. charges; (speze) disbursement, outlay; (risipa) thriftlessness; waste cheltuieli administrative - administrative expenses, administration costs/expenses ~ anticipate - prepaid expenses ~ bugetare - government/national expenditure

~ cu reparatii extraordinare - (/acute la un activ depreciat, de-a lungul duratei sale rdmase de viata) extraordinary repairs ~ curente - (de productie) running costs/expenses ~ de administratie - management expenses ~ de ambalare - package/packing expenses ~ de amortizare - depreciation expenses ~ de andocare - dock/docking charges ~ de antrepozitare - warehouse charges ~ de armare — (a navelor comerciale) ownership costs ~ de asigurare - insurance charges ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) general average expenditure/expenses ~ de capital - (cont., fin.) capital charges ~ de calatorie/deplasare - (in interes de serviciu/afaceri) travelling expenses ~ de constituire/lnfiintare - (a unei societal!} promotion/formation expenses ~ de deplasare - (pe mila) mileage expenses ~ de depozitare - storage charges ~ de descarcare - discharging expenses ~ de distribute - distributive costs ~ de expeditie a marfurilor - despatch/ dispatch fees, forwarding charges, charges forward ~ de expertiza - survey expenses ~ de exploatare - operating costs/expenses, working charges/ expenses

78 CHE-CHE ~ de investitie - outlay ~ de incarcare expenses ~ de intretinere - expenses of maintenance, costs of upkeep, maintenance charges/costs/expenses, upkeep expenses ~ de judecata - law costs, legal charges/expenses ~ de livrare - delivery charges ~ de manipulare - (a mdrfii) handling costs; (in statia terminus) (c.f.) terminal charges/costs, terminals ~ de mutare - removal expenses ~ de personal - staff costs ~ de productie - factory/ manufacturing/systematic costs. production expenses

de publicitate - advertising expenditure/outlays ~ de ranfluare - (mar.) expenses for refloating ~ de regie - overhead expenses/charges, overheads ~ de reprezentare - entertainment expenses, table money ~ de salvare - {mar.) salvage charges/expenses ~ de stivuire - stowage expenses, stevedoring charges ~ de timbrare - stamp charges ~ de transport - carriage charges/expenses, freight charges/costs, transport charges; (mar.) shipping charges/expenses ~ de vanzare/desfacere - selling costs/expenses ~ diverse - sundry charges/expenses, sundries ~ estimative - estimated expenses

~ extraordinare - extraordinary expendicapital expenditure/ -

loading charges/

ture/expenses ~ fixe - fixed/standing charges/expenses ~ generale - general expenses, on-cost charges; overheads ~ initiale/de instalare - initial/first outlays, initial costs ~ in sarcina - cost taxable to ~ mari - heavy expenses ~ marunte - petty expenses, petties ~ neprevazute - contingent/incidental expenses, unexpected costs ~ neprevazute recuperabile - recoverable unforeseen expenditures ~ obisnuite - ordinary disbursements ~ pentru recrutarea cadrelor - cost of recruitment ~ postale - postal charges - preliminare/de infiintare - (a unei societdti) preliminary expenses - publice - public expenditure ~ reprezentand dobanda - interest expenses ~ speciale - special charges; departmental charges ~ standard - standard costs ~ suplimentare - extras ~ si incasari - expenditure and receipts ~ vamale - customs charges ~ variabile - variable expenses/costs a face ~ - to incur expenses a lua toate ~ asupra sa - to defray expenses a-si acoperi ~ - to cover one's expenses, to get back one's money a-si reduce ~ - to reduce/to cut ones expenses cheltuitor adj. spendthrift, thriftless. wasteful s. m. spendthrift, squanderer chenzinal adj. fortnightly

CHE-CIB 79 chenzina s.f. fortnight; (fortnightly) wages cherestea s.f. timber, converted timber, sawn timber/wood; (SUA) lumber ~ de ra§inoase - softwood timber ~ standardizata - sawn timber per standard chestionar s.n. questionnaire; list/set of questions a completa un ~ - to fill in a questionnaire

cheta s.f. collection; (banii) takings a umbia cu cheta - to take up the collection

chilipir s.n. chance purchase/bargain, (lucky) bargain a umbia dupa chilipiruri - to hunt for bargains chimist^.m. chemist ~ -analist — (care determind titrul) assayer chintals./i. quintal; hundredweight ~ scurt - short/net hundredweight chio§c s.n. stall; (ghereta) booth ~ de ziare - bookstall, bookstand, newsstand chirias s.m. {locator) lodger; tenant, lessee ~ abuziv — (care continud sd ocupe o proprietate dupa expirarea contractului fdrd acordul proprietaruliii) tenant at sufferance ~ care plateste o chine excesiva - rack-renter ~ cu contract - (valabil un anumit numdr de ani) tenant for years ~ cu contract valabil un an - tenant from year to year ~ fara contract - tenant at will ~ pe viata - tenant for life, life tenant chirie s.f. rent; hire; lease

~ contractuala - contractual rent ~ de navlosire - (pe timp) (mar.} charter hire ~ diferentiala - (mai mare decdt esie normal deoarece include plata pentru unele avantaje si facilitdti special e) differential rent ~ excesiva/exagerata - rack-rent ~ moarta - (platibild pentru conce-sionarea unei mine, indiferent dacii aceasta este in exploatare sail nu} dead rent a da cu ~ - to let out on hire/lease a lua cu ~ - to take on hire/lease a sta cu - - to live in a house as (a tenant/lodger

chitanta s.f. receipt, quittance acknowledgment, voucher; release ~ contabila - formal receipt ~ de asigurare provizorie - binding receipt ~ de consemnare - (in vamd) deposr receipt ~ de constituire a unui depozit deposit receipt ~ de plata - receipt for payment, cash paid receipt ~ de plata a taxelor vamale - docket ~ de plata pentru manipulare sau depozitare in statia terminus - (c.f terminal receipt - de primire - voucher for receipt ~ de sold/lichidare - receipt in fuli discharge ~ in dublu exemplar - receipt 11 duplicate ~ neverificata - unaudited voucher ~ valabila - good receipt a elibera o ~ - to make out a receipt chitantier s.n. receipt book cibernetica s.f. cybernetics

80 CIC-CIT ciclic adj. cyclic(al) ciclu.y.n. cycle ~ agricol - agricultural cycle ~ de achizitionare/cumparare - (frecventa cu care este achizitionat un produs) purchase/buying cycle ~ de activitate - work cycle ~ de afaceri - business cycle ~ de conversie a numerarului - (perioada dintre momentui in care o firmd achizitioneazd materiile prime si eel al vdnzarii produselor finite) cash conversion cycle ~ de livrare - delivery cycle ~ de munca - (pentru mdeplinirea sarcinilor specifice postului) (man.) job cycle ~ de prelucrare a informatiei contabile - accounting information processing cycle ~ de productie - production cycle ~ de viata al familiei - (divizarea pietei pe sectoare, in functie de cheltuielile ocazionate de structura si evolutia in timp a familief) family life cycle ~ de viata al produsului -^product life cycle ~ de viata industriala - industrial life cycle ~ economic - (succesiunea perioadelor de expansiune si recesiune in activitatea economica) economic cycle ~ operational - (intervalul de timp dintre cumpdrarea de materii prime pentru productia de bunuri si incasarea numerarului dupd vdnzarea acestord) operating cycle ~ sezonier - (cresteri si scdderi ale volumului si ale ritmului activitdtii pe

parcursul unui an in anumite domenii de activitate) seasonal cycle cifra v.r. (Id) to amount/to come/to figure to, to run into cifra s.f. figure, number; (intre 0 si 9) digit ~ aproximativa/estimativa/rotunda - round figure/number ~ binara - binary digit ~ de afaceri - turnover ~ de afaceri totala/globala - total turnover ~ de afaceri zilnica - daily turnover citric adj. numerical, (expressed) by figures circuit s. n. circuit ~ economic - economic circular flow ~ turistic combinat transport aerian/rutier - fly-drive ~ turistic combinat zbor/croaziera pe mare - fly-cruise ~ turistic complet/cu toate serviciile incluse in pret - inclusive tour circulara s.f. circular (letter) circulatie s.f. 1. (rutierd, feroviard etc.) traffic 2. (monetard, de mdrfuri) circulation ~ a banilor - money circulation

a marfurilor - commodity circulation ~ a stocurilor - stock turnover ~ activa - (bani aflati efectiv in circulatie) active circulation ~ fara acoperire - (a banilor) uncovered circulation ~ fiduciara - fiduciary circulation a pune in ~ - (bani faisi, documente false) to utter cisterna s.f. tank, cistern, reservoir cita v.t. (dr.) to summon, to cite; (martori) to subpoena

CIT-CLA 81 citatie s.f. (dr.) writ(of summons), summons; (implicdnd amenda in caz de neprezentare) subpoena clasa v.t. 1. to class; (a clasificd) to classify; (scrisori) to docket; (docu-mente mtr-o arhivd, unfisier) to file; (a sorta dupd calitate) to grade; (a sorta dupd mdrime, dimensiune) to size 2. (dr.) {a respinge o actiune) to dismiss; (a casd) to quash clasare s.f. 1. classification; (a scri-sorilor) docketing; (a documentelor mtr-o arhivd, unfisier) filing; (sortare dupd calitate) grading; (sortare dupd mdrime, dimensiune) sizing 2. (dr.) (respingere a unei actiuni) dismissal; (casare) cassation, annulment clasa s.f. 1. (categoric) class, category 2. (sociald) class 3. (sort) grade 4. (pe mijioacele de transport) class 5. (a navelor) class (of ships), rate (of ships) clasa de mijioc - middle class ~ dominanta/conducatoare - the ruling class ~ economica - (cu eel mai scdzut confort in transporturile aeriene si maritime depasageri) economy class ~ intai - first class ~ muncitoare - working class ~ turistica/a doua - (in transporturile aeriene si maritime de pasageri) tourist class clasa a cambiilor - quality of bills of exchange ~ de calitate - quality grade ~ de conturi - accounts class ~ de nave - (totalitatea navelor identice in privinfa constructiei si a destinatiei) class of ships/vessels, ship's class ~ de produse - product class

~ de unitati - (pentru bani, greutdti etc.) denomination clasele bogate/avute - wealth-owning classes, the moneyed classes ~ de jos - the lower classes clasifica v.t. to classify; to class; (dupd calitate) grading; (dupd mdrime, dimensiune) sizing; (a determina si a acorda clasa unei nave) (mar.) to classify, to class, to rate clasificare s.f. classification; (dupd calitate) grading; (dupd mdrime, dimensiune) sizing; (a posturilor in functie de competenta cerutd si de sala-rizarea corespunzdtoare) grading; (a navelor) classification (of ships) ~ a activitatilor/posturilor - job classification ~ a navelor - classification of ships, ships' classification ~ a obligatiunilor - (close atribuite obligatiunilor pe baza probabilitdtii de intrare in mcetare de platd a societdtilor emitente) bond rating ~ industriala standard - standard industrial classification ~ vamala — (categoria din cadrul unui nomenclator de taxe vamale in care este introdus un produs) customs classification ~ zecimala - decimal classification clauza s.f. clause, provision, specification, warranty; pi. terms clauza abandonului - (asig. mar.) abandonment clause ~ abordajului/coliziunii - (asig. mar.) collision clause, running-down clause ~ abordajului din vina ambelor nave - (asig. mar.) both - to - blame collision clause

82 CLA-CLA ~ ancorei §i a lantului - (a^/g. war.) anchor and chain clause ~ -aur - (fin.) (clauzd care prevede rambursarea unei datorii in aur sail in echivalent-aur; clanzd prin care se adangd la valoarea unei creante pe cea a unei cantitdti specificate de aur sail de echivalent-aur} gold clause ~ avariei - (asig. mar.} average clause ~ avariei comune in strainatate - (dispasa se intocmeste conform legii portului de destinatie) foreign general average clause ~ ,,avariilor de mare" - (in transportui de cereale} sea-damaged terms ^ ~ caricului in coliziutte - (se tine cont numai de pierderile marfii) (asig. mar.) freight collision clause ~ confidentialitatii - (intr-un contract de angajare) confidentiality clause ~ continuarii asigurarii - continuation/prolongation clause ~ contrastaliilor - (mar.) demurrage clause ~ cre$terii preturilor - up-price clause ~ danei/,,la rand" - (mar.) berth/ berthing clause ~ danei pregatite - (mar.) ready berth clause ~ ,,de la depozit la depozit" - warehouse-to-warehouse clause ~ degrevarii - (de o obligatie contractuald) (dr.) escape clause ~ devierii - (abaterii de la drum) (mar.) deviation/liberty clause ~ dreptului de retentie - lien clause ~ esuarii - (asig, mar.) grounding clause ~ evaluarii - (asig.) valuation clause

~ extinderii politei de asigurare - extended cover clause ~ ,,fara captura §i sechestrare" - (asig. mar.) free of capture and seizure clause ~ ,,fara raspundere pentru spargeri" - free of breakage clause ~ garantiei - warranty clause ~ ghetii — (de predare a incdrcdturii in eel mat apropiat port neblocat de gheturi) ice clause ~ grevei - strike clause ~ ineflcientei - (navei) breakdown/off- -hire clause ~ ,,lipsei de marfa" - (la predare) deficiency clause ~ livrarii/predarii marfii peste bord - (mar.) overside delivery clause ~ natiunii celei mai favorizate - most- -favoured nation clause ~ navei apte de a transporta marfuri - (asig. mar.) cargo-worthy clause ~ ,,navei de serie" - (asig. mar.) sister-ship clause ~ navlului - freight clause ~ necumularii avariilor - (asig. mar.) noncumulative clause <-- ~ neglijentei - (asig. mar.) inchmaree/ negligence clause ~ ofertei - tender clause ~ ,,operarii la rand" - (mar.) turn berth clause ~ pavilionului - (mar.) flag clause ~ penalizarii - penalty clause ~ pericolelor marii - (asig. mar.) perils of the sea clause ~ ,,permanent in stare de plutire" - (mar.) floating/always afloat clause ~ politei fara obiect asigurat - policy proof of interest clause

CLA-CLA 83 ~ ,,predarii navei" - (la data si locul mceperii contractului de mchiriere) delivery/disposal clause ~ pretului - price clause ~ razboiului - (asig. mar.) war clause ~ reasigurarii - reinsurance clause ~ riscului de captura si sechestrare - (asig. mar.) risk of capture and seizure clause ~ rosie - (prin care vdnzdtorul aflat in deficit poate obtine un avans bancar) red clause ~ salariilor variabile - escalator clause ~ salvarii - (asig. mar.) salvage clause ~ scaderii preturilor - down price clause ~ surplusului - (prin care prima parte a daunei este suportatd de asigurat) (asig.) excess clause ~ timpului nefavorabil - (asig. mar.) weather permitting clause ~ tranzitului - transit clause ~ valorii furnizate - value given clause ~ variatiei preturilor contractuale - (corn.) escalator clause ~ zadarnicirii voiajului - (asig. mar.) frustration clause clauza aditionala - (la un contract) rider ~ compromisorie - (mtr-un contract prin care cele doud parti se angajeazd sd supund arbitrilor eventualele litigii) arbitration clause ~ conditionala - proviso ~ contractuala - covenant ~ de arbitraj - arbitration clause ~ de asigurare - insurance clause

~ de asigurare a valorilor supli-mentare - disbursement warranty clause ~ de asigurare maritima - marine insurance clause ~ de daune-interese - penalty clause ~ de diminuare a pagubelor - (asig. mar.) sue and labour clause ~ de evadare - (mtr-un contract de siibscriere, care ii permite hdncii de investitii sd se elibereze de rdspun-derea de a cumpdra si de a distribin acthmile companiei) (fin.) escape clause ~ de exonerare — exoneration, exemption/relieving clause ~ de exonerare de raspundere -(asig.) nonliability clause ~ de garantie - warranty clause ~ de limitare a zonei de navigatie -(de cdtre asigurdtori) trading warranties clause ~ de memorandum - (de limitare ci rdspunderii asigurdtorultd) memorandum clause ~ de negarantie - (asig.) nonwarranty clause ~ de optiune pentru ambele porturi -(de incdrcare si descdrcare) dreading at both ends ~ de optiune pentru portui de incarcare - dreading, dreadage ~ de paritate - (fin.) parity/par clause ~ de renuntare - (clauza contractuala care ii permite unei parti sd renunte la o prevedere, in anumite circumstante) waiver clause ~ de revocare — (inainte de maturitate} (fin.) call provision ~ de salvare/siguranta - (prevedere a unui acord comercial care ii permite

84 CLA-COA unei tdri semnatare sd suspende concesiile vamale acordate atunci cdnd nivelul importurilor afecteazd grav productia internd) escape clause ~ de sistare - cease clause ~ de subrogare - subrogation clause ~ de transbordare - transshipment clause ~ de urgentare - (care prevede cd, dacd o datorie nu este achitatd la timp, toate platile viitoare devin imediat scadente) acceleration clause ~ exceptionala - exceptional clause ~ fara efect - inoperative clause ~ implicita - implied term ~ ipotecara negativa - (angajamentui unui debitor fata de creditorul sdu de a nu constitui o ipotecd imobiliard in folosul unei terte persoane) negative mortgage security clause ~ multivalutara - multicurrency clause ~ nula - void/invalid clause ~ restrictiva - restrictive/saving clause ~ reziduala/restanta - (privitoare la legatarul universal) (dr.) residuary clause ~ rezolutorie - (dr.) avoidance clause, defeasance ~ suplimentara de asigurare -insurance rider ~ valutara - exchange clause clauze de asigurare a marfurilor -(stabilite de Institutui Asigurdtorilor Maritimi din Londra) Institute cargo clauses ~ de asigurare in timp (a corpului 51 a marfil) - (stabilite de Institutui Asigu-rdtorilor Maritimi din Londra) Institute time clauses (hull and cargo) cladire s.f. building; (cu \'fcn, instalafii etc.) premises

~ administrativa/cu birouri - office building client s.m. customer; shopper; (al unui avocat, al unui arhitect etc.) client ~ care plateste in numerar - cash customer ~ care se tocmeste mult - haggler ~ dubios - doubtful client ~ obisnuit/permanent - regular/ permanent customer ~ potential - potential/prospective customer ~ sigur/serios - safe customer ~ solvabil - trustworthy customer a fi clientui - {unui magazin) to deal at clientela s.f. clientele, clientage, connection; (pbisnuita) custom; (de medic sau avocat) practice, clientele a-si crea o ~ - to build up a connection cliring s.n. (tehnicd de compensare a obligatiilor reciproce intre doi parte- neri constdnd in compararea crean- telor cu obligatiile dintre ei, pe baza unor reglementdri prealabile) clearing ~ bancar - bank clearing dona s.f. (produs identic cu altui) clone club s.n. 1. (asociafie) club 2. (local) club house ~ de asigurare mutuala - (asociafie de armatori care sunt in acelasi timp asigurati si asigurdtori) (asig. mar.) insurance club ~ de investitii - (asocierea mat multor persoane cu scopul de a constitui un portofoliu de investitii) investment club ~ nautic - boating club ~ turistic - touring club coachizitie s.f, joint purchase coalitie s.f. coalition, union; (cartel ring

COA-COI 85 ~ a comerciantilor - (pentru fixarea unor preturi) price ring ~ a licitantilor - bidders'/bidding ring coarmator s.m. (mar.) joint/part owner coasigurare s.f. coinsurance coasociat s.m. copartner, joint partner coca s.f. (corp de navd si aeronava) (asig.) hull cocreditor s.m. joint creditor cocserie s.f. coke works, coking plant cods.n. code ~ al muncii - labour code ~ civil - civil code ~ comercial - commercial code ~ de bare - (pe un produs) bar code ~ de procedura penala - code of criminal procedure ~ fiscal - fiscal code ~ maritim - navigation act/laws ~ penal - penal/criminal code ~ personal de identificare - (la bancomaf) personal identification number ~ postal - postal code; (SUA) zip code ~ silvic - forest code/laws coduri de conduita - (seturi de reguli pentru comportamentui din diferite profesiuni} codes of conduct codebitor s.m. joint debtor codirector s.m. joint manager coeficient s.m. coefficient; ratio, rate, factor ~ al elasticitatii cererii/ofertei -(mijioc de mdsurare a elasticitatii ce-rerii sau a ofertei in functie de modi-ficarea unui factor) coefficient of demand/supply elasticity ~ alfa — (evaluarea ratei de renta-bilitate a actiunilor unei societdti fdrd raportarea la indicele pietei bursiere) alpha coefficient/factor

~ beta - (coeficient care aratd mdsura in care rata de rehabilitate a actiunilor unei societdti variazd in functie de rata de rehabilitate a indicelui pietei bursiere) beta coefficient/factor ~ de acoperire - (raportui, prevdzut de lege, dintre fondurile proprii ale unei band si ansamblul angajamentelor ei) cover ratio ~ de capitalizare bursiera - (raportui dintre pretui unei societdti la bursd si beneficiile ei) price-earnings ratio ~ de exploatare - working coefficient ~ de incarcare - load/cargo coefficient ~ de indatorare - (raportui dintre datoriile pe termen mediu si lung si capitalurile permanente) debt ratio ~ de lichiditate - (raportui dintre activele lichide si datoriile curente ale uneifirme) liquidity/current ratio ~ de randament - output coefficient/ factor ~ de rise - risk coefficient ~ de siguranta - safety coefficient ~ de tonaj - tonnage coefficient ~ marginal al capitalului - (raportui dintre cresterea stocului de capital dintr-o anumitd perioadd de timp si cresterea rezultatelor productiei in acelasi interval de timp) marginal capital coefficient coeficienti de salarizare - wage rates cofondator s.m. joint founder cogestiune s.f. joint management cointeresa v.t. (in) to draw (in) ~ pe cineva intr-o afacere - to give smb. a joint interest in an affair cointeresare s.f. drawing in; (mate-riala) incentive ~ financiara - financial incentive

86 COI-COM ~ financiara a salariatilor - (in performantele societdtii in care lucreaza) employee involvement cointeresat adj. having/sharing a joint interest in smth. colaps s.n. collapse a intra in ~ - to collapse colecta v.t. (impozite, taxe) to collect, to raise, to get in colectare s.f. collection ~ a impozitelor - tax collection colecta s.f. collection, subscription a face o ~ - to make a collection, to raise a subscription/collection colectiv adj. collective, joint s.n. collective (body), group; staff; personnel ~ de redactie - editorial staff colectivism s.n. collectivism colectivist s.m. collectivist, collective farmer colectiviza v.i. to collectivize colectie s.f. collection ~ de mostre - sample assortment/ collection, collection/set of samples colectiona v.t. to collect colectionar^./n. collector colets.n. parcel, package ~ cu tara calculata - tarer ~ cu valoare declarata - registered parcel ~ expres — express parcel ~ fara valoare declarata - uninsured parcel ~ greu ~ heavy(-lift) package ~ postal - post parcel a expedia un ~ - to post a parcel coletarie s.f. parcel delivery service, parcel post/deSivery/traffic

coliziune s.f. (asig. mar.) collision, abordage, encounter; (intre o navd in mars si una stationata} allision ~ accidentals! - accidental collision ~ iminenta - imminent impact ~ inevitabila - inevitable/inherent collision ~ la acostare - berthing collision ~ la remorca - collision in tow ~ pe fluviu - river collision ~ pe mare - sea collision coloana s.f. column ~ a activelor - (cont.) assets side ~ a debitului - (cont.) debit column ~ diverse - {cont.) sundries column colonial adj. colonial colonialism s. n. colonialism colonie s.f. colony; (asezare) colony, settlement colorant s.m. dyestuff, colouring matter coloranti alimentari - food colours colportaj s.n. {corner} mdrunt) dicker coluziune s.f. (cooperare intre firme independents pentru a influenta concurenta) collusion comanda v.t. to order; {mdrfun) to indent ~ prin po§ta - to send away for comandant.s'.w. commander; captain ~ brevetat - (in marina comerciald) certificated master ~ de cabotier - skipper ~ de nava comerciala - shipmaster. captain, master mariner, merchant captain - de nava maritima - sea captain ~ de pescador - skipper comandat adj. {dar nelivrut) on order comanda s.f. (coin.) order; (de marfa, •nai ales din. sirainatate} indent

COM-COM 87 ~ acceptata - order in hand ~ de proba - trial/sample order ~ de tonaj - (mar.) indent for space ~ directa - direct order ~ discretionara/la apreciere - (cdtre broker de a cwnpdra, in limita sumei la dispozitie, actiunile pe care acesta Ie alege) (bur.) discretionary order ~ executata la preturi diferentiale - (bur.) split order ~ externa - foreign order ~ ferma - definite/firm order ~ generala/nespecificata - blanket order ~ guvernamentaia/de stat - order for government account, public procurement ~ la alegerea expeditoruiui - open indent ~ mare - heavy order ~ neexecutata - backlog/unfilled order ~ permanenta - (pentru aceleaî marfuri) perpetual order ~ prin po$ta - mail order ~ repetata - repeat order ~ scrisa - order in writing ~ speciala - special order ~ urgenta - rush/pressing order comenzi inutile - {pentru a e\"ita trecerea muncitoriior in ômaj) make- -work a face o comanda - to place an order facut pe ~ - custom-built/'-make comanditar s.m. donnaiit/sleeping inactive/iimited/latenvsilent/ undisclosed partner comanditat s.m. aclive/aclinp/workin;.; ordinary pai-tns! comandita pannersl'su-

comasa v.t. (beneficii, fondun, inter ese, riscuri) to pool comasare s.f. (de beneficii, foiiduri. interese, riscuri) pooling combate v.t. to combat, to control, to fight against combatere s.f. control, fighting ~ a contrabandei - contraband control ~ a mirosurilor nedorite - odour control ~ a poluarii cu petrol ~ oil pollution action combinare s.f. combination ~ a factorilor de productie - (modu-litate de combinare a factofilor etc productie sub aspect cuntitaliv, structural yi calilativ in raport cu naturci activitdtii economice) combination ol' production inputs ~ a intereselor - (melodd contabilu pentru combinarea situatiilor conlabiu' a doud jirme care fiizioneazd) pooling of interests ~ orizontala — (fuziunea organizaiiilt>r in aceeaî companie sau mir-unci similard, opiisd integrant verticalc-i liorizontal combinatioii/integration --- verticaia - (reiinirea in cadrul HIH': orgaiiizatii a innii i^riip c/e opei'diiuin care se succed, intesrarea prodnclsi." cu sursele ae aprovizionare fi cu pir- tele de desfacerc) vertical combination integration combustibit adj. combustible s.n. ruei - antiinflarnabij - h'êrgolic fuel - cunvciitional - coi'jvcntionai hies - Qe carbuni - cort! isiei

- .i.:;;'"1-.'; ' ' ;il;ie!l•K•i••l(Ou'-i;l!•,.•jc rue; -1 ;u's'ii,u - iuei oli. iiuu!i"i/0i! h.ic^

88 CAL-CAM ~ solid - solid fuel comercial adj. commercial, trading, trade..., business...; mercantile comercializa v.t. to commercialize, to market, to merchandise comercializare s.f. commercialization, marketing, merchandising ~ experimentala - (pe o piatd restrdnsd) test marketing comerciant s.m. trader, dealer, tradesman; (angrosist, mai ales in relatiile cu strdindtatea, sau detaiUst) merchant; (cu magazin) shopkeeper, shopman; (care vinde in rate/pe credit) tallyman; (de imbrdcdminte, echipament) outfitter ~ afiliat - merchant member ~ angrosist - warehouseman; (mai ales in relatiile cu strdindtatea) merchant ~ comisionar - commission merchant ~ cu amanuntui - retail dealer, retailer ~ cu livrarea imediata a marfii - spot trader ~ cu retea de distribute - chain merchant ~ de cereale - (cu amanuntui) corn chandler; (cu ridicata) corn dealer ~ de marfuri de ocazie - second-hand dealer ~ de marfuri generale - general dealer ~ de textile - draper ~ de vinuri - vintner comert s.n. trade, commerce, traffic; (in magazin) shopkeeping ~ ambulant - (de mdruntisuri) pedlary, peddlery ~ angro/cu ridicata - wholesale/direct trade ~ colonial - colonial trade ~ cu amanuntul/in detaliu - retail trade

~ cu articole de lux - luxury trade ~ cu cereale - corn/grain trade ~ cu materiale navale - ship chandlery ~ cu textile - drapery ~ cu vinuri - vintnery ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coasting/ coastwise trade ~ de cherestea - timber trade ~ de contrabands - contraband/ smuggling trade ~ de export - export trade ~ de import - import trade ~ de legume si fructe - greengrocery ~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk trade ~ de schimb - barter trade ~ de stat - state/govemment/public trade ~ de tranzit - transit/entrepot trade ~ exterior - foreign/external trade; {mar.) outward/overseas trade ~ ilicit - illicit trade ~ interior - domestic/intemal/home trade; (mar.) inland/home trade ~ intermediar/de reexport - intermediary/intermediate/reexport trade ~ international - international trade ~ interstatal - (SUA) interstate commerce ~ invizibil - (sectoral serviciilor) invisible trade ~ in compensatie - compensation trade ~ in rate/pe credit - tally system/trade ~ infloritor - flourishing trade ~ liber - free trade ~ licit - lawful trade ~ Umitrof/de frontiers - frontier trade traffic ~ local/regional - local trade

CAM-COM 89 ~ maritim - commercial shipping, maritime commerce/trade, sea/seabome trade ~ marunt - dicker ~ mondial - world trade ~ multilateral - multilateral trade ~ neautorizat - unauthorized trade ~ pasiv - (transportui mdrfurilor de export cu navele altei tdri) (mar.) passive commerce ~ prin po$ta - postal trade ~ sezonier - seasonal trade ~ stradal - kerb trade ~ trilateral - trilateral trade ~ triunghiular - (tranzactie switch fdcutd la export, realizatd in devize printr-o a treia tar a pentru eludarea reglementdrilor valutare) switch deal/transaction a face- - to (carry on) trade a face ~ ambulant - to peddle a face ~ angro - to deal wholesale a face ~ cu - to trade in a face ~ cu marunti§uri - to haberdash a face ~ intens - to carry on a good/roaring trade comis-voiajor s.m. commercial traveller, travelling salesman, drummer comisars.m. commissioner ~ de avarie - (asig. mar.) average agent/commissioner comisie s.f. commission, committee, board ~ bugetara - budget committee; (SUA) committee of ways and means ~ comuna - (formatd din reprezen- tantii mai multor organizatii) joint committee

~ de ancheta - committee of inquiry, investigation committee, fact-finding board ~ de cenzori - audit(ing) committee ~ de control - control commission/ committee ~ de examen - examining board, board of examiners ~ de litigii - conflict/dispute committee ~ de lucru - working party ~ de mandate - credentials committee ~ de redactare - editing panel ~ electorala - election committee ~ financiara - (SUA) committee of supply ~ mixta - (CM membri din camera fi senat) joint committee ~ parlamentara - parliamentary committee ~ permanenta - standing committee comision s.n. 1. commission, allowance; {de intermediere) factorage 2. (insdrcinare) errand, message ~ bancar - bank commission ~ de adresa - (pidtit de navd in portnl de descdrcare) {mar.) address commission ~ de asigurare - (pidtit agentului de asigurdri) insurance commission ~ de brokeraj - brokerage commission ~ de navlosire - (mar.) charter commission, ship brokerage ~ de reprezentare - agency fee ~ de subscriere - underwriting commission ~ de vanzari - selling brokerage/ commission ~ del credere - del credere commission ~ pentru mandatare - trust cost ~ pentru terti - commission past us

90 COM-COM ~ per lot - (ydndut la licitatie) lot money a face un ~ - to take orders on commission a merge cu un ~ - to go on errand comisionar s.in. 1. (commission) agent 2. (intermediar) factor, middleman; (curler, persoand care face diverse servicii) commissionaire; (bdiat) eirand boy, street porter ~ de export - export commission agent ~ portuar — runner comitets.n. committee, board ~ consultativ - advisory board' commission - de conducere - executive/managing committee ~ de greva - strike committee ~ de initiativa - steering committee ~ de redactie - editorial board ~ executiv - executive committee - financiar - (SUA) committee of ways and means - interimar - interim committee ~ oraênesc - city/town committee ~ permanent - standing committee ~ provizoriu - temporary committee -- sindical - trade-union committee; (de intreprindere) local trade-union committee a face parte din ~ /a fi in ~ - to sit on/to be on the committee como$tenitor s.'n. joint heir, coheir. parcener companie s.f. company '- comerciala - trading company -- cu unitati de productie multiple/ endependeiiif •1- n-niiupie dr.isio'i c'''iJ,i"):iny • <i': ;.s'•.."eiu'l^tr;l - msurai'u;.^ ,..t.unpa''v " -^\ ^^t ferasc - raiiv/;". ..f;s^.".ii\-''

~ de factaj/mesagerie - parcel delivery company, express company ~ de nave de linie - liner company ~ de navigatie - shipping/navigation company ~ de navigatie fluviala - river shipping company ~ de navigatie maritima - sea trading company ~ de petroliere - tanker company "- de remorcaj - (mar.) towage company ~ de saivare - (mar.} salvage company

- de stivuire - (mar.) stevedoring company ~ de transport de mobila - removal contractor(s) ~ de transporturi aeriene - airlines, airways ~ holding - holding company ~- operationala - (filiala iinui holding) operating company - orientata spre productia realizabila -- (,s'i' nil spre cea cerutd) production- -onented compaiiy '- petroliera - o''i company - secundara - (care nil este lider intr-un amimit domenhi) follower compensa v./. 1. (pentrii) to com-peiisate (for), to mdemr)ify(tor) 2. (a echilibra, a contrubalansa) to counterbalance, to countervail, to offset 3, (un cec printr-o casd de coinpefisatie) to clear; (o chitone) to set off; {fondid vaiiitar) to equalize ~ o pierdere - to make good a loss compensare .'••./'.' i 'r; i conipensaiion. re"-':U'nsos

COM-COM datoriilor) setoff; {regularizare a fondului valutar) equalization ~ a cecurilor - cheque clearing. ~ interbancara a creditelor - credit clearing compensator(iu) adj. compensatory compensatie s.f. 1. compensation, indemnification, indemnity, consideration, remedy; pi. reparations 2. {cliring) clearing ~ executorie - executory consideration ~ pentru concediere/desfacerea contractului de munca - severance pay competent adj. competent, efficient, proficient competenta s.f. 1. competence, proficiency, ability 2. (dr.) competence, competency, jurisdiction ~ a conducerii de a lua decizii -management discretion ~ de baza — (a unei societdti) {man.) core competence ~ de decizie - decision making ~ distinctiva - {man.) distinctive competence competitiv adj. competitive competitivitate s.f. competitiveness competitie s.f. competition ~ pura/perfecta - pure competition complementar adj. complementary complet adj. complete adv. completely ~ asamblat - {despre utilaje care, la vdnzare, sunt gata de folosintd imediatd) completely built up ~ dezasamblat - {despre utilaje livrate dezasamblate} completely knocked down completa v.t. to (make) complete, to supplement: (o suma, o cantilute) to make up; (iin cec) to write out; (un

document, im cec) to fill in; {SUA) to fill out complex s. 11. complex ~ comercial - trading estate ~ industrial - industrial complex ~ portuar - port complex comportament^./i. behaviour ~ al consumatorului - consumer behaviour ~ al producatorului - producer behaviour ~ competitiv - competitive behaviour ~ organizational - organizational behaviour ~ strategic - {al unei firme in vedereu obtinerii de profituri maxime) strategic behaviour comportare s.f. behaviour, conduct ~ corecta - {in afaceri) fair dealing compostor s.n. numbering machine; dating stamp, dater -" de bilete - ticket nipper compozit adj. composite compromis s.n. compromise: arrangement, agreement, settlement; give-and-take; {realizat in fadrul negocierilor) tradeoff ~ de avarie - {asig. mar.) average agreement ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) average bond computer s.n. computer computeriza v.t. to computerize comun adj. common; (ohstesc) communal comunal adj. communal comunicat s.n. (oficial) official statement ~ de presa - handout comunismi'./i. communism coniunitate s.f. conimunitv

92 COM-CON ~ de afaceri - business community ~ de bunuri - communal estate, community property/regime ~ de interese - community of interests ~ de natiuni - commonwealth Comunitatea Britanica de Natiuni -Commonwealth of Nations concedia v.t. to dismiss, to discharge; (temporar datoritd lipsei comenzilor) to lay off concediere s.f. dismissal, discharge; (temporara datoritd lipsei comenzilor) layoff ~ disciplinara - summary dismissal ~ nejustificata/ilegala - wrongful dismissal concediu s.n. leave (of absence); (yacanta) holiday(s); (SUA) vacation ~ cu plata - holidays with pay, paid/privilege leave ~ de boala - sick leave ~ de odihna - annual leave ~ fara plata - holidays without pay ~ pentru motive personale - compassionate leave concentrare s.f. (proces prin care sectoarele economice sunt tot maiputernic dominate de cdteva firme mart) concentration ~ a capitalului - Concentration of capital ~ a cumparatorilor - (pe o piatd) buyer concentration ~ a industriei - (concentrarea unor sectoare industriale in anumite zone in functie de sursele de materii prime, profilul pietelor etc.) concentration of industry ~ a livrarilor - (de materie primd cdtre un sector industrial in mdna

catorva furnizori) supplier concentration ~ a productiei - production concentration ~ -conglomerat a productiei -(miscarea de absorbtie, disparitie, fu-ziuni, amplificare a sistemului partici-patiilor financiare, cumpdrare a pa-chetelor majoritare de actiuni etc.) conglomerate concentration of production ~ fmanciara - (forma de concentrare, crestere a capitalului firmei} financial concentration ~ orizontala a productiei - (reunirea sub controlul unui centru de decizie a unor unitdti economice care realizeazd un produs sau o grupd de produse) horizontal concentration of production ~ verticals a productiei - (gruparea agentilor economici care realizeazd activitdti reprezentdnd diferite stadii in fabricarea unui produs sau a unei grupe de produse sub o conducere comund) vertical concentration of production concepe v.t. (a imagind) to conceive; (a formula) to formulate, to word; (a schita) to draft concept s. n. concept concern s.n. concern concesie s.f. concession a face concesii cuiva - to meet smb. half-way a face ~ reciproce - to make mutual concessions, to give and take concesiona v.t. to grant; to license concesionar s.m. concessionnaire; grantee; licensee ~ de servicii publice - statutory undertaker

CON-CON 93 concesiune s.f. concession; franchise; lease; grant; license ~ a unei cai ferate - railway concession ~ de prospectiune - (pentru desco-perirea zdcdmintelor de hidrocarburi) exploration license ~ forestiera - timber claim ~ miniera - mining claim ~ scurta - (yalabild pentru mai putin de 50 de ani) short lease concesor s.m. grantor; licenser conciliere s.f. conciliation concordat s.n. (acord cu creditorii) {dr.) deed of arrangement/assignment, scheme of composition/arrangement between debtor and creditors, legal settlement, private arrangement, composition, bankrupt's certificate concura v.i. (cu) to compete (with) concurent adj. competitive, rival s.m. competitor, rival concurenta s.f. competition, rivalry ~ agresiva - knocking competition ~ care nu se manifests prin preturi -nonprice competition ~ dura/acerba - cutthroat/keen/severe competition ~ imperfecta - imperfect competition ~ libera - free competition ~ loiala - fair competition ~ monopolists - monopolistic competition ~ neloiala - unfair competition ~ perfecta - perfect competition concurential adj. competitive condamna v.t. (dr.) to convict, to sentence; (la amendd) to fine; (la plata despdgubirilor, acordarea de daune--interese) to cast

condamnat s.m. convict; (in contu-macie) defaulter condica s.f. book of entry; register ~ de prezenta - attendance book ~ de reclamatii - book of complaints, requests book a trece in ~ - to register conditie s.f. 1. (stare, situatie) condition, situation 2. (clauzd) condition, stipulation;^/, terms 3. (sociald) status, rank ~ implicita - implied condition ~ legala - legal condition ~ nula - null and void condition ~ prealabila - prerequisite ~ rezolutorie - (dr.) condition subsequent ~ suspensiva - (dr.) condition precedent conditii acceptabile - fair terms ~ actuale - prevailing conditions ~ ale trasului pentru acceptarea cambiei - terms of acceptance ~ ale unei emisiuni - (fin.) terms of an issue ~ americane - (in comertui cu cereale) American terms ~ atractive - attractive terms ~ contractuale - conditions of contract ~ convenite/stabilite - agreed terms, conditions agreed upon ~ de adeziune - (la o asociatie, un club etc.) conditions of membership ~ de calitate - quality requirements ~ de cartel maritim - conference terms ~ de creditare - credit terms ~ de exploatare/functionare -operating conditions ~ de lichidare - (bur.) settlement terms

94 COTM-CON ~ de linie - (mar.) berth/liner terms ~ de livrare - delivery terms, terms of delivery, specifications for delivery; (reduceri de preturi acordate de angrosist detailistilor) temns to trade, trade terms ~ de livrare a secarei/granelor - {mar.) rye terms ~ de munca - working conditions ~ de navlosire - (mar.) chartering terms ~ de operare la chei - (mar.) quay terms ~ de plata - payment terms, terms of payment ~ de plata a tratei - draft terms ~ de plata in numerar fara reduceri - terms strictly net cash ~ de plata pentru transport direct - through rate ~ de preturi inclusive - inclusive terms ~ de scont - discount terms ~ de vanzare - terms of sale ~ generate de livrare - general delivery terms ~ inacceptabile - unacceptable terms ~ in vigoare - conditions ruling ~ la realizarea unei investitii - (impuse investitiilor strdine directe de cdtre guvernul tdrii respective) investment performance requirements ~ nefavorabile — unfavourable terms ~ preferentiale - preferential terms ~ tehnice - technical regulations ~ tehnice de calitate - quality specifications, specifications of quality ~ uzuale - usual terms ~ variabile - varying terms ~ vechi/existente - old terms a conveni asupra ~ - to come to terms

a pune ~ - to make terms a-si formula ~ - to lay down one's conditions, to make one's terms conditiona v.t. to condition conduce v.t. (a administra) to manage, to direct; (a supraveghea) to supervise, to superintend; (o afacere) to carry on, to run ~ o adunare - to preside over/to chair a meeting conducere s.f. 1. (administrare) admi-nistration; managership, leadership; management; (supraveghere) supervision, superintendence; (a unei afaceri) carriage, running 2. (cadre) staff ~ a uzinei - works management ~ centralizata - centralized management ~ colectiva -joint management ~ de proiect integral - integrated project management ~ direct responsabila de indeplinirea obiectivelor intreprinderii - line management ~ dupa principiul rezultatelor -(bune sau rele) management by principle ~ generala - general management ~ gresita - mismanagement ~ ierarhica - (man.) chain of command ~ imediat superioara salariatilor obi^nuiti - first-line management ~ la nivel mediu - middle management ~ prin eliminare - (a datelor nesem-nificative din bugete sail planuri in scopiil unei corectii) management by exception ~ prin obiective - (pentru o eficientd sporitd) management by objectives

CON-CON 95 ~ prin participare - participative management ~ redactionala - editorship ~ superioara - top management ~ unica - one-man/Caesar management conducta s.f. pipe, pipeline ~ de ape reziduale/uzate - waste pipe ~ submarina - (pentru transportui produselor petroliere) submarine/ underwater pipeline, sea pipe conduita s.f. conduct ~ extrem de rea - (a unui angajat, care, in asemenea situatii, este demis imediat) (man.) gross misconduct confectii s.f. pi. ready-made/'-to-wear clothes, store clothes, wear, wearing apparel confectiona v.t. {a fabrica) to manufacture; to work conferinta s.f. 1. (discurs) lecture, speech 2. (adunare) conference; meeting; congress 3. (grad universitar) lectureship ~ de instruire - briefing conference ~ de presa - press conference ~ la nivel inalt - summit conference ~ nationala/pe tara - nation-wide/all--country conference ~ telefonica - conference call a tine o ~ - to give/to deliver a lecture confidential adj. confidential; (secret) secret adv. confidentially, privately confidentialitate s.f. confidentiality conHrma v.t. to confirm; to acknowledge ~ o §tire - to confirm a piece of news ~ primirea unei scrisori - to acknowledge the receipt of a letter confirmare s.f. confirmation, acknowledgement

~ a comenzii - acknowledgement of order ~ a creditului - advice of credit ~ a greutatii - (mdr/ii) acknowledgement of weight ~ a tranzactiei - advice of deal ~ de primire - acknowledgement of receipt confisca v.t. to confiscate, to seize confiscare s.f. confiscation, seizure ~ a marfurilor nedeclarate in vama - seizure of goods not declared to the customs ~ de actiuni — (subscrise si nepldtite la termenul scadent) forfeiture of shares conflict 5. n. conflict ~ de competenta/jurisdictie - (dr.) concurrence of jurisdiction ~ de delimitare - (dezacord apdrut nitre sindicate cu privire la ce categoric de muncitori ar trebui sd execute anumite tipuri de lucrdri) demarcation dispute ~ de interese - conflict of interests ~ de legi - adversity/conflict of laws ~ de munca - industrial/labour dispute ~ de retea — (apdrut mtre membrii unei retele de distributie) channel conflict conform adj. (cu) conformable (to), true (to), according (to), corresponding (to) prep. according to, in accordance/ keeping/agreement with, in conformity/ compliance with; (datoritd) owing to ~ avizului - (^m^^v^^^ per advice ~ comenzii dvs. - in conformity/ compliance with your order ~ contului remis - as per account rendered ~ copiei anexate - as per copy enclosed

96 CON-CON ~ cu originalul - corresponding/ conformable to the original ~ darii de seama anexate - as per statement enclosed ~ facturii - as per invoice ~ legii - according to the law ~ mostrei - as per sample, up to sample ~ planului - according to plan ~ uzului - (corn.) as customary conforma v.r. to comply with congela v.t. to freeze, to refrigerate congelare s.f. freezing, refrigeration ~ rapida - quick freezing conglomerat s.n. (forma de concentrare, de integrare sub controlul unui centru de decizie a unor unitdti economice cu profil fi activitdti diferite) conglomerate congress.n. congress conjunctura s.f. (economicd) conjuncture ~ a pietei - market condition/position conosament s.n. (mar.) bill of lading, freight document ~ colectiv - general/omnibus bill of lading ~ curat/fara rezerve/mentiuni - clean bill of lading ~ de linie - liner bill of lading ~ de primire - (marfuri recepfionate, dar neincdrcate) received bill of lading ~ direct - direct/through bill of lading ~ fluvial - river bill of lading ~ fractional - delivery/landing order ~ la ordin - order/port bill of lading ~ la purtator - blank/bearer bill of lading ~ murdar/cu rezerve/mentiuni - (cu menfiunea receptiondrii mdrfii in stare necorespunzdtoare/improprie)

dirty/foul/unclean/claused/qualified bill of lading ~ nominal - straight bill of lading ~ nou - fresh bill of lading ~ oceanic - ocean bill of lading ~ original - original bill of lading ~ partial - (pentru o partidd de mar/a) parcel bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri de export - outward bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri de import - inward bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri incarcate - ship/ship's/shipped bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri neincarcate - (care urmeazd a fi incarcate} received-for- -shipment bill of lading ~ -tip - uniform bill of lading consemna v.t. 1. (bani) to deposit 2. (a incredinta, a da marfuri spre pdstrare) to consign 3. (a inregistrd) to register, to record, to write down conserva v.t. (in cutii de conserve) to can, to tin conserve s.f. pi. tinned food; (SUA) canned food consignatar s.m. consignee; depositary, depository consignator s.m. consignor, consigner; depositor consignatie s.f. (de marfuri) consignment (of goods) consilier s.m. 1. adviser, consultant 2. (membru al unui consiliu) councillor ~ comunal/municipal - town councillor ~ economic - economic adviser ~ fiscal - tax consultant ~ juridic - legal/law adviser ~ tehnic - technical adviser consiliu s.n. council, board

CON-CON 97 ~ comunal/municipal/orasenesc - town council ~ de administratie - board of directors, managing board, directorate ~ de arbitraj - conciliation board ~ de tutela - board of trustees ~ districtual/regional - district council ~ valutar - currency board consolida v.t. 1. to consolidate, to strenghten 2. (fin.) (p datorie) to fund; (datoria publicd) to consolidate 3. (a centraliza, a Integra bilanturile filia-lelor unei societdti-mamd in bilantui global care devine bilant consolidaf) (cont.) to consolidate v.r. (despre cursul actiunilor) (bur.) to consolidate consolidare s.f. 1. (fin.) (a datoriilor) funding; (a datoriei publice) consolidation 2. (centralizare, abordare in grup a unei societdfi-mamd cu filialele ei in scopuri contabile) consolidation 3. (stabilizarea cursului actiunilor} (bur.) consolidation 4. (stingerea unui drept de uzufruct prin intrunirea, in aceeasi persoand, a calitdtii de uzu-fructuar si de nud proprietor) (dr.) consolidation consor(iu.?./?. consortium, syndicate constitui v.t. to constitute; (a forma, a infiinta) to form constituire s.f. constitution; (formare, infiintare) formation ~ a unei societati - company formation ~ a unui fond de rezerva - formation of a reserve fund constituit adj. constituted ~ sub forma unei corporatii -incorporate, incorporated

constrange v.t. 1. (a sili) to constrain, to oblige; (aforfa) to compel, to force 2. (dr.) to coerce; to bind over constrangere s.f. 1. compulsion; constraint, restraint; (restricfie) restriction 2. (legald) coercition; binding over 3. (exercitatd pentru semnarea unui contract) duress ~ a vanzatorilor descoperiti - (care vdnd la termen fard acoperire, obligati sd cumpere in pierdere pentru a face fata angajamentelor contractuale) (bur.) bear squeeze ~ aplicata de autoritati - (asupra navei) restraint of authorities ~ bugetara - budget constraint ~ si retinere - (a navei) restraint and detainment constructor s.m. builder, constructor; (antreprenor) building contractor ~ de masini navale - marine engineer ~ naval - shipbuilder, naval architect/constructor constructie s.f. 1. (construire) building, construction 2. (cladire) building, construction, structure; (lucrare) development ~ de automobile - automotive engineering ~ de drumuri - road building/making ~ de masini - mechanical engineering constructii civile - civil engineering ~ navale - shipbuilding, ship construction, naval construction/ architecture ~ navale civile - civil shipbuilding construi v./. to build, to construct; to engineer construire s.f. building, construction; engineering

98 CON-CON ~ a unei pozitii - (prin cumpdrarea treptatd de actiuni pentru a evita cre§terea bruscd a pretului lor) (bur.) position building consuls. m. consul ~ general - consul general consular adj. consular consulat s.n. consulate, consular office ~ general - consulate general consultant adj. consulting s.m. consultant, adviser ~ managerial - management consultant consultants s.f. consulting, counselling ~ financiara - financial counselling ~ in sectorul promovarilor - (intr-o firmd) (man.) career counselling consultativ adj. consultative, advisory a avea vot ~ - to be present in an advisory capacity, to have advisory vote consume./i. consumption ~ de capital - capital consumption ~ de combustibil - fuel consumption ~ final/de produse finale - final consumption ~ intermediar — (de bunuri economice pentru a produce alte bunuri) intermediate consumption ~ intern - domestic/home consumption ~ intraramuri - (cont.) intrabranch consumption ~ national - national consumption ~ neproductiv - unproductive consumption ~ ostentativ - (nemotivat de necesitdti, stimulat de dorinta confirmdrii unei pozitii sociale superioare) conspicuous consumption ~ privat - private consumption ~ productiv - productive consumption

~ public - public consumption ~ specific - specific consumption ~ zilnic - daily consumption consuma v.t. 1. (a folosi) to use; (a risipi) to waste 2. (energie) to consume, to use up 3. (a epuiza) to spend, to exhaust consumator s.m. consumer; (final) end-user ~ de capital — (despre ramurile si activitdtile industrials care necesitd un volum mare de capital pentru a functiona) capital-intensive ~ de forta de munca - (despre ramurile §i activitdtile industriale care necesitd un volum mare de forta de mimed) labour-intensive ~ final - end-user, final/ultimate consumer ~ progresist - progressive consumer consumerism s. n. consumerism constientizare s.f. (cunoasterea calitdtilor unui produs de cdtre consumatori) awareness conts.n. account ~ activ - (de operatiuni) active account ~ administrat - (cont bancar investit pe piata financiara) cash management account ~ al clientului - client account ~ al vanzatorului/vanzarilor fara acoperire - short account ~ bancar - bank/banking account ~ blocat - blocked/frozen account ~ comun -joint account ~ creditor - creditor account ~ curent - current account, account current; (in baza cdruia se pot emite cecuri) cheque account; (SUA) checking account ~ de accepte - acceptance account

CON-CON 99 ~ de achizitii - purchases account ~ de activ - (cu sold debitor) debit/debtor account ~ de alocare/repartizare - (a profitului net) appropriation account ~ de amortizare - depreciation account ~ de buget - (cont bancar din care se achitd regulat platile curente) budget account ~ de calculare a profitului brut - trading/working account ~ de capital - capital account ~ de casa - cash account ~ de cheltuieli - charges account ~ de curing - clearing account ~ de compensatie - offset account ~ de concentrare - {cont de depozit in care se vireazd periodic sume de ban!) concentration account ~ de consignatie - consignment account ~ de control/rectificare - control/ adjustment/total account ~ de creante nerecuperabile - bad debts account ~ de credit - loan account ~ de credit neachitat la scadenta - delinquent account ~ de custodie - custody account ~ de depozit - deposit account ~ de depozit la termen - fixed deposit account ~ de depozit la vedere - sight deposit account ~ de economii - savings account; (SUA) thrift account ~ de egalizare a dividendelor - (cdnd se inregistreazd mart variatii ale profi- turilor anuale) dividend equalization account

~ de fonduri de rezerva - reserve account ~ de lichidare/decontare - settlement account ~ de modificare a patrimoniului - asset liability adjustment account ~ de plati e$alonate - deferred payment account ~ de productie - production account ~ de profit §i pierderi - profit/gain and loss account ~ de vanzari - sales account, account sales ~ de venituri/incasari fiscale - revenue account ~ de venituri si cheltuieli - income and expediture account ~ de virament - transfer account - deschis - (in baza unui credit) open account ~ descoperit - overdraft ~ detaliat - detailed/specified account ~ din cartea mare - ledger account ~ diverse - sundries/sundry account ~ fara dobanda - noninterest bearing account ~ fiduciar - trust/trustee account ~ inactiv - inactive/dormant/dead account ~ interimar - interim account ~ in credit - (corn.) credit account; (SUA) charge account ~ in tranzit/tranzitoriu - suspense account ~ in valuta - foreign currency account ~ loro — (cont deschis de o bancd din strdindtate pentm corespondentiil sdu din alta tard, cu scopul de a mregistra sumele care se incaseazd in folosiil sdu) loro account ~ lunar - (corn.) monthly account

100 CON-CON ~ nesoldat - unbalanced account ~ nostro - (cont deschis de o bancd la corespondentui sdu din strdindtate, in care se tnregistreazd toate operathmile bdncii titulare) nostro account ~ numeric - numbered account ~ particular - private account ~ personal - personal/private account; (de retragere de fonduri al proprietarului unei afaceri) drawings account ~ provizoriu - provisional account ~ remis - account rendered ~ special/separat - special/separate account ~ specificat - itemized account ~ transferabil - transferable account ~ vostro - (conturile bdncilor- -corespondent deschise la o boned data) vostro account conturi ale activitatii agentilor economici - economic activity accounts ~ ale sectoarelor economice - economic sectors accounts ~ anuale/finale - annual accounts ~ consolidate - consolidated accounts ~ de creante - accounts receivable ~ de datorii - accounts payable ~ de grup - group accounts ~ de plata a impozitelor - (SUA) Treasury tax and loan accounts ~ debitoare - outstandings ~ impersonale - impersonal accounts ~ manageriale - management accounts ~ nominale - nominal accounts ~ pe doua rubrici - two-sided accounts ~ reale - real accounts ~ spontane - (conturi din bilanf si situatia venitului care se schimbd o

data cu modificarea vdnzdrilor) spontaneous accounts a trece in cont - to carry to account a trece in contui cuiva - to place/to carry to smb.'s account contabil-y.m. bookkeeper, accountant ~ atestat/autorizat - certified accountant; (in Marea Britanie) chartered accountant ~ managerial atestat/autorizat - (care lucreazd in sectorul afacerilor) (SUA) certified management accountant ~ public/autorizat - public accountant ~ public atestat/autorizat - (SUA) certified public accountant contabilitate s.f. 1. bookkeeping, accounting, accountancy 2. (serviciu) accounting department ~ a costurilor - cost accounting ~ a costurilor curente/de inflatie - current cost accounting ~ a fuziunii - merger accounting ~ creatoare - creative accounting ~ de amortizare - depreciation accounting - de inflatie - inflation accounting ~ fara cifre - (bazatd pe simboluri, pentru uzul conducerii) figureless accounts ~ financiara - financial accounting ~ integrata - integrated accounting ~ in partida dubia - double-entry bookkeeping ~ in partida simpla - single-entry bookkeeping ~ manageriala - (date in baza cdrora se asigurd conducerea, planificarea, sarcinile administrative) managerial/ management accounting ~ nationala - national accounting

CAL-CAM. 60

cale s.f. 1. (drum) road, street; (ruta) route 2. (w .se/iy abstract) way, path, course 3. (mijioc) way, means ~ de apa navigabila - navigable waterway ~ de navigatie interioara - inland waterway ~ ferata - rail, railway; (SUA) railroad ~ ferata uzinala - yard track, works/factory railway ~ maritima - sea road, seaway ~ maritima costiera - coastwise sea lane cai de comunicatie - lines of communication ~ si mijioace - ways and means calendar s.n. calendar calfa s.f. journeyman calificare s.f. qualification; (a muncitorilor) skill ~ la locul de munca - training at the job calificat adj. qualified; skilled calitate s.f. 1. (msusire) quality; property, attribute; asset; (caracteristica) (distinctive) feature, characteristic 2. (fel) sort, kind; grade 3. (a unei obligatiuni, care exprimd gradul de rise pentru investitor) quality ~ a conducerii de a lua decizii - management discretion ~ a produsului - product quality ~ a vietii - quality of life ~ acceptabila - fair quality ~ buna - sound quality ~ comerciala - commercial quality/ grade ~ conform mostrei - quality as per sample ~ de asociat/partener - partnership ~ de membru - membership

~ dubia - (a brokerilor de a lucra ca intermediari sau pe cont propriu} (bur.) dual capacity ~ functionala - functional quality ~ inferioara - low/cheap quality ~ ireprosabila - perfect quality ~ la incarcare - {mar.) shipped quality ~ medie - medium/average quality ~ medie buna - (despre grdu) fair average quality ~ mediocra - poor quality ~ standard - standard quality/grade ~ stipulata/convenita - stipulated quality ~ superioara - prime/superior/high first quality, fineness ~ totala - (man.) total quality ~ vandabila - merchantable quality calitativ adj. qualitative calm s.n. (pepiata bursiera) doldrums camata s.f. usury cambial adj. bill... cambie s.f. bill (of exchange) ~ acceptata - accepted bill ~ andosata - backed/endorsed bill ~ bancara - bank/banker's bill. finance bill ~ comerciala - commercial/trade bill. two-name paper ~ cu scadenta depa§ita - overdue past-due bill ~ cu scadenta fixa - fixed-date bill ~ curata/fara rezerve/mentiuni - clean bill of exchange ~ de clasa tntai - fine bank/trade bill. prime/respectable bill ~ de complezenta - accommodation bill, kite ~ de investitie - investment bill ~ domiciliata - domiciled bill

CON-CON 101

~ prudenta - conservative accounting ~ tabulara - tabular bookkeeping a tine contabilitatea - to keep the books container s.n. container ~ celular - (pentru portcontainere cu celule) nesting-type container ~ combinat - (din aluminiu si otel) combined aluminium-steel container ~ de aluminiu - all-aluminium container ~ de mare capacitate - van container ~ de marfa - cargo/freight container ~ de transbordare - transfer container ~ de tranzit - noncaptive van container ~ de vagon - van container ~ demontabil - demountable container ~ deschis/fara capac - (pentru mdrfuri in vrac) open(-top) container ~ ermetic/etan? - watertight container, lift van ~ fara marfa - empty container ~ flexibil - (pentru lichide) flexible container ~ frigorific - refrigerated container ~ izotermic - insulated container ~ nereturnabil - single-trip/disposal container ~ pentru lichide - fluid container ~ pentru marfa m vrac - bulk container ~ pentru marfa uscata - dry freight container ~ pentru pachete - packaged container ~ pentru paleti - pallet container ~ pentru transporturi maritime - shipping container ~ -platforma - platform container ~ returnabil - returnable container

~ reversibil - reversing container ~ sigilat - sealed container ~ standardizat - standardized/ISO container ~ stivuibil - stowable cargo container ~ -slep - floating barge container ~ - tanc - tank container containeriza v.t. to containerize containerizabil adj. containerizable containerizare s.f. containerization ~ ,,chei la chei" - (mar.) pier-to-pier containerization contamina v.t. to contaminate; to pollute contaminare s.f. (a caricului, m special cu apd de mare) (asig. mar.) contamination; pollution ~ cu praf- (a mdrfurilor) dust damage contango s.n. (la bursa de valori, amdnarea achitdrii unei datorii, prin plata unei dobanzi, pand la urmd- toarea lichidare; la bursa de mdrfuri, diferenta dintre pretui spot si pretui forward sau futures) contango, continuation contencios adj. contentious s.n. claim department, disputed claims office, legal/law department contesta v.t. to contest, to dispute ~ o creanta - to dispute a debt, to put a claim in issue contingent s.n. (plafon cantitativ ori valoric al importului sau al exportului unor mdrfuri mtr-o anumitd perioada) quota ~ de export - export quota ~ de import - import quota ~ tarifar - tariff quota contingentare s.f. (corn.) quota system contingentat adj. (corn.) subject to quota restrictions

102 CON-CON contort, n. counter, meter ~ de apa - water meter ~ de gaze - gas meter ~ electric — electric meter; (care functioneazd cu monede} slot meter contra prep. against ~ chitanta - on receipt ~ numerar la predare - {corn.) cash and delivery ~ tuturor riscurilor - (asig. mar.) against all risks contrabands s.f. 1. (actiune) smuggling, contraband (trade), illicit trade 2. (mar/a) contraband/smuggled goods ~ absoluta - absolute contraband ~ de arme - gun running ~ de bauturi spirtoase - bootlegging ~ de razboi - war contraband, contraband of war ~ ocazionala - occasional contraband a face- - to smuggle, to carry/to run contraband (goods) contrabandist s.m. smuggler, contrabandist ~ de alcool - bootlegger contracambie s.f. redraft contracont s.n. (cont.) contra contract s.n. contract, agreement, deed, covenant ~ aleatoriu - (asig.) aleatory contract ~ anulabil - cancellable contract ~ asupra pretului de navlu - freight agreement ~ bilateral/sinalagmatic - bilateral/ synallagmatic contract ~ -cadru - skeleton contract ~ colectiv de munca - collective labour agreement ~ consensual - consensual contract ~ cu clauze restrictive - tie-in contract

~ cu optiune — (prin care actiuni sau mdrfuri sunt tranzactionate la o data si un pret specificat) option contract ~ cu penalitate fixa - (in cazul cdnd o obligatie contractuald nu este inde- plinitd) fixed penalty bond ~ cu titlu gratuit/fara contraprestatie - nude/naked contract ~ de angajare - employment contract; (mar.) ship's/shipping articles, articles of agreement ~ de angajare pe voiaj - (mar.) voyage-to-voyage contract ~ de agentie/comision - contract of agency ~ de arendare - lease ~ de asigurare — insurance contract ~ de asigurare maritima - marine insurance contract ~ de asociere - articles/deed of partnership, partnership deed ~ de cesiune - deed of assignment ~ de colaborare - (prin care o companie angajeazd o persoand intr-o functie de conducere) service contract ~ de comision - commission contract ~ de cumparare - purchase deed ~ de depunere in consignatie - (a mdrfurilor) contract of consignment ~ de editare - publishing agreement ~ de emisiune - (acord formal intre emitentnl unor obligatiuni fi detindtorii acestora) indenture ~ de exclusivitate - tying contract ~ de imbarcare pe o nava straina - (mar.) foreign agreement ~ de tmprumut maritim - bottomry bond/contract ~ de imprumut maritim cu angajarea marfii - respondentia bond ~ de mchiriere - lease

CON-CON 103

~ de inchiriere a navei - (mar.) charter ~ de inchiriere a navei nude - (fard echipaj fi materiel Ie) (mar.) charter by demise, demise/bare-boat/bare-hull charter ~ de licenta - licence contract ~ de monopol - monopoly contract ~ de munca - labour contract ~ de munca cu specificatia neaderarii sindicale — (sub sanctiunea rezilierii) yellow dog contract party ~ de munca pentru o anumita lucrare - fixed job contract ~ de navlosire - (mar.) charter, charter party, carriage/shipping contract, contract of affreightment/carriage, freight contract/agreement ~ de navlosire brut - gross-form charter ~ de navlosire cu navlu global/ forfetar - lump-sum charter ~ de navlosire curat/fara rezerve/ mentiuni - clean charter ~ de navlosire dus-intors - round-trip charter ~ de navlosire pe termen - time charter - de navlosire pe voiaj - single-trip charter ~ de navlosire pe voiaj e consecutive - consecutive voyage charter party ~ de navlosire pentru caric uscat - dry cargo charter ~ de navlosire tip - uniform charter ~ de reprezentanta - agency contract ~ de societate - memorandum of association ~ de stat - public contract ~ subscriere - underwriting contract

~ de transport al marfurilor pe raspunderea proprietarului - (mar.) bill of adventure ~ de transport in conditii de linie - (mar.) berth charter ~ de transport pentru cereale - (mar.) grain charter ~ de transport pentru ingrasaminte chimice - (mar.) fertilizer charter ~ de transport pentru marfuri generale - (mar.) general charter ~ de transport pentru minereuri - (mar.) ore charter ~ de ucenicie - indenture, articles of apprenticeship ~ de vanzare - bill/deed of sale ~ de vanzare absolut - absolute bill of sale ~ de vanzare conditionata - conditional bill of sale ~ de vanzare-cumparare - bargain and sale, deed of conveyance, private treaty ~ de vanzare in rate - easy terms, hire-purchase agreement ~ deschis de navlosire - (fdra indicarea anticipatd a porturilor si a incdrcdturilor) open charter ~ direct/fara intermediar - direct contract ~ divizibil - (cu obligatii independente unele de altele) severable contract ~ dolosiv - (dr.) fraudulent contract ~ executat/terminat - executed contract ~ executoriu - enforceable/executory contract ~ fiduciar - (dr.) trust deed/ instrument, deed of trust ~ formal - formal contract ~ futures - futures contract

104 CON-CON ~ global - package deal ~ implicit/tacit - implied contract ~ inactiv — (in care nu au fost trecute numele) dormant deed ~ in antrepriza - (prin care se of era echipament complet si asistentd pentru pornirea imediatd a activitdfii) turnkey contract ~ in curs de derulare - running contract ~ in vigoare - valid contract ~ la termen - forward contract ~ nul si neavenit - null and void contract ~ oneros - onerous contract ~ opresiv - oppressive contract ~ principal de inchiriere - (pentru o proprietate ulterior subinchiriatd) head lease ~ reziliat - void contract ~ secundar - subcontract ~ spot/pentru disponibil - spot contract ~ sub sigiliu privat - contract by deed/under seal, special contract, specialty ~ -tip - standard agreement ~ -tip de navlosire - (mar.) uniform charter ~ unilateral - unilateral/one-sided contract ~ verbal - verbal contract contracte actuale - (ca opus al contractelor futures) actuals ~ financiare futures/la termen - financial futures ~ la termen - (contracte de vdnzare sau cumpa.ra.re de mdrfuri ori active financiare la o data viitoare prestabilitd) futures

a H legat printr-un contract - to be under articles a incheia un ~ - to enter into/to conclude an agreement contracta v.t. (un imprumut, o datorie) to contract, to incur; (o obligatie) to lay oneself under contractant s.m. contractor, contracting party; privy contractual adj. contractual, stipulated by contract contraface v.t. to counterfeit, to forge; to adulterate, to fake up contrafacere s.f. counterfeit, forgery; adulteration, fake contrafacut adj. counterfeit(ed), forged, fake, spurious contragarantie s.f. surety for a surety contragreutate s.f. balance weight, weight equalizer, counterpoise contramanda v.t. to countermand, to cancel, to call off contramandare s.f. countermand, cancellation contramarca s.f. check, counterfoil, heel contraoferta s.f. counteroffer; (la licitatie) counterbid contrapartida s.f. (corn.) countertrade contraprestatie s.f. (dr.) consideration ~ executorie - executory consideration contrasemna v.t., v.i. to countersign contrasemnatura s.f. countersignature contrastalii s.f. pi. (penalizdri) (mar.) demurrage ~ contractuale - liquidated demurrage ~ extraordinare/necontractuale - unliquidated demurrage ~ ocazionate/produse - demurrage incurred, incurred demurrage contratrata s.f. redraft

CON-CON 105 contravaloare s.f. equivalent value contravenient s.m. offender, contravener, infringer, transgressor, trespasser contraventie s.f. contravention, infringement, trespass contribuabil s.m. taxpayer, ratepayer, contributor, tax bearer contribui v.i. to contribute contributie s.f. contribution; (bdneascd) share, quota ~ la avaria comuna - (asig. mar.) general average contribution, average bond/payment ~ la coliziune - (asig. mar.) (SUA) hotchpotch ~ pentru pensie - superannuation contribution ~ proportionals — (la avaria comuna) rat(e)able contribution control s.n. 1. (financiar, vamal etc.) control; (yerificare) check, checking, checkup; (inspectie) inspection; (exa- minare) examination; (supraveghere) supervision 2. (exercitat de actionarul sau grupul de acfionari care define mai mult de 50% din actiunile unei societdti) control ~ administrativ - administrative control ~ al creditelor - credit control ~ al managementului bancii - (efectuat de banca centrald) bank examination ~ al masei monetare - (exercitat de guvern pentru a limita inflatia) squeeze ~ al navei - (executat de autoritdti) boarding ~ al preturilor - price control ~ al salariilor si al preturilor - wage and price control

~ al statului - state control ~ al venitului/averii - (pentru a vedea dacd se pot acorda unele facilitdti fiscale) means test ~ bugetar - budgetary control ~ contabil - audit ~ de calitate - quality control ~ de pescaj - (mar.) draft/draught survey ~ operativ - (decurgdnd din detinerea a 51% din actiunile unei firme) working control ~ pe loturi standard - standard batch control ~ prin imputerniciti - mandatory control ~ statistic - statistical control ~ tehnic - technical control ~ vamal - customs examination/ inspection/search; (mar.) rummage ~ vamal impotriva contrabandei - contraband control controla v.t. 1. to control; (a verified) to verify, to check up; (a inspecta) to inspect; (a examina) to examine; (a supraveghea) to supervise 2. (conturi) to audit 3. (masa monetard) to squeeze ~ piata - to hold the market controlor s.m. 1. (al unei activitdti etc.) supervisor, inspector; examiner; surveyor 2. (revizor contabil) auditor 3. (director economic) controller, comptroller ~ al cantitatii - (in constructii) quantity surveyor ~ de bilete - (c.f.) ticket collector; (in autobuz) ticket inspector ~ de calitate - inspector ~ de masuri si greutati - surveyor of weights and measures

106 CON-COO ~ vamal - preventive officer, searcher, landwaiter ~ vamal de bagaje - luggage inspector continut s.n. 1. {al unui recipient) content(s); (capacitate) capacity 2. (al unui document) tenor ~ de umiditate - moisture content conurbatie s.f. conurbation conveier s.n. (bandd transportoare) conveyer, conveyor, conveyer/ conveyor band/belt convenabil adj. (despre preturi) fair; (acceptable acceptable, admissible conventie s.f. 1. convention; agreement; treaty 2. (concordat, acord intre un debitor si creditorii sdi pri-vilor la lichidarea datoriilor priii plata iinei sume mat mid decdt intreaga datorie angajata) (dr.) composition ~ colectiva de munca - collective labour agreement - de reasigurare - treaty reinsurance ~ pentru evitarea dublei impuneri -double tax avoidance agreement ~ po^tala - postal convention " scrisa - agreement in writing conversie v. conversiune conversiune s.f. (schimbarea condi-tiilor initiale ale unui impruinut, emi-terea de noi tUhiri pentru a inlocui alte titluri) (fin.) conversion - a imprumutului in titluri de valoare - (tendinta marilor societdti de a emite titluri de valoare pentru a nu mai recurge la credite bancare) securitization converti v.t. \o convert ~ m numerar — {active, titluri de valoare) to realize convertibil adj. convertible

~ in numerar - (despre active, titluri de valoare) realizable convertibilitate s.f. (fin.) convertibility ~ externa - external convertibility ~ limitata interna - domestic limited convertibility convertire s.f. conversion ~ in numerar - (a activelor, a titlurilor de valoare) realization convoca v.t. (adundri, sedinte etc.) to convene, to assemble, to call together, to summon ~ o intrunire/§edinta - to call a meeting ~ un sindicat bancar - (pentru o subscriere) to assemble a banking syndicate convocare s.f convening, assembling, calling together, summons convoi s.n. convoy - de larg - (mar.) offshore convoy ~ de tragere - (c.f.) truck train ~ fluvial - river convoy ~ maritim - maritime convoy convorbire s.f. conversation, talk ~ telefonica - telephone conversation ~ telefonica interurbana - long- -distance call, toll/trunk call coopera v.i. (la) to cooperate (in) cooperare s.f. cooperation cooperatist adj. cooperative s.m. cooperative farmer cooperativa s.f. cooperative society ~ agricola - agricultural cooperative, communal agricultural organization ~ agricola de productie - cooperative farm ~ de consum - cooperative shop/store, consumers' cooperative society ~ de credit - credit union/cooperative, cooperative bank

107 coo-cos

~ de credit local - local financial cooperative cooperativizare s.f. cooperativization cooperatie s.f. cooperative system copartaja v.t. to share jointly copartener s.m. copartner coparticipare s.f. (participare a muncitorilor la beneficii sail la luarea deciziilor in intreprinderea in care lucreazd) worker participation copie s.f. copy; (duplicat) duplicate, tenor, counterpart; (a unui document) draft ~ de conosament - (mar.) copy of bill of lading ~ exacta/fidela - fair/true copy ~ legalizata - certified/attested/office copy coproprietar s.m. coproprietor, joint/part owner coproprietate s.f coproprietorship, coownership, joint possession/property corecta v.t. to correct, to amend; to adjust corela v.t. to correlate corelare s.f correlation ~ a nivelului salarizarii - wage level adjustment corespondent s.m. 1. {banca ce actioneazd ca agent pentru o altd banca care nu are sucursale) correspondent 2. (reporter) correspondent ~ special — (cd unui ziar, al unui post de televiziune) special correspondent corespondenta s.f correspondence: (postd) mail - cornerciaia - business/commercial correspondence ~ sosita - incoming mail corp.5-.,". body ~ de nava - {coca) hull (of a. ship)

~ didactic - teaching staff ~ diplomatic - diplomatic corps ~ si masini - (asig. mar.) hull and machinery ~ si materiale - (asig. mar.) hull and materials corporatism^./?, corporatism corporatist adj. corporatist corporativ adj. 1. (referitor la o corporate) corporative, corporate 2. (constituit sub forma unei corporatii) corporate, corporative corporatie s.f 1. (breasld) craft (guild), guild 2. (societate pe actiuni) corporation ~ colectiva — (cu mai multi membri) (dr.) corporation aggregate ~ exclusiva - (titular, cu personalitate juridicd, al uneia dintre anumite fiinctii publice) (dr.) corporation sole ~ internationala - international corporation ~ inchisa - (detinutd de un numdr mic de persoane) (SUA) closely held corporation ~ multinationala - multinational corporation ~ profesionala - (care plateste impozite) (SUA) professional corporation ~ publica/de stat - public corporation

transnationala - transnational corporation corupe v.t. {a mitiii) to bribe coruptie s.f. corruption cosmetizare s.f. (a unui magazin, a a'iibalajului unuiprodus, a imei situani fmanciare) face lift cosolicitant s.m. (al uniti brevei de iin'eitlie) joint applicant cost.?.??, cost

108 COS-COS ~ al calitatii pe lot - lot-quality cost ~ al capitalului - (media costurilor comportate de diversele tipuri de capital al unei companii) cost of capital ~ al capitalului propriu - cost of equity ~ al creditului - (dobdndd) cost of credit ~ al datoriilor - (rata dobdnzii noilor datorii emise) cost of debt ~ al depozitarii - cost of storage ~ al emiterii unei emisiuni de obligatiuni - bond issue cost ~ al fortei de munca - cost of labour, wage costs ~ al intretinerii - maintenance/upkeep cost ~ al navlosirii - (mar.) charterage ~ al noilor actiuni comune - cost of new common equity ~ al ofertei de pret - bid cost ~ al opririi productiei - cost of production stoppage ~ al pregatirii lucrului - cost of set- -up ~ al profitului nerepartizat/acumulat - (rata rentabilitdtii solicitate de actionari pentru capitalurile proprii obtinute de firmd prin retinerea fi reinvestirea profitului) cost of retained earnings ~ al recrutarii de personal - cost of recruitment ~ al reformei - cost of reform ~ al schimbarilor de productie - cost of change-over ~ al timpului de intrerupere a productiei - cost of downtime ~ al transportului - carriage, cartage ~ al unei calatorii/curse - fare

~ al unei decizii in detrimentui alteia - alternative (use) cost ~ al unei emisiuni monetare - mintage ~ al vietii - cost of living ~ , asigurare, navlu - cost, insurance, freight ~ , asigurare, navlu, comision si dobanda - cost, insurance, freight, commission and interest ~ , asigurare, navlu si comision - cost, insurance, freight and commission ~ , asigurare, navlu si descarcat - cost, insurance, freight and landed ~ , asigurare, navlu si diferenta de curs de schimb - cost, insurance, freight and exchange ~ comun - (atribuibil mai multor produse etc.) (cont.) common cost ~ constant - constant cost ~ cu valoare determinata - measurable cost ~ curent - (cont.) current cost ~ de achizitie - (al unei societdti) acquisition cost ~ de emisiune - issue cost ~ de inlocuire - (al unui activ) replacement cost ~ de lansare - (a unei emisiuni) flo(a)tation cost ~ de oportunitate - (rata rentabilitdtii celei mai bune investitii alternative disponibile} opportunity cost, transfer earnings ~ de penurie - shortage cost ~ de productie - production/prime/ flat/first cost ~ direct - direct cost ~ economic - (din perspectiva economistului) economic cost ~ efectiv - actual cost

COS-COT 109

~ estimativ/dupa deviz - estimative/ estimated cost ~ fix - fixed cost; (care nu variazd in funcfie de volumul productief) (SUA) stand-by cost ~ incremental al capitalului - (costui mediu al capitalului suplimentar obtinut in timpul unui an dat) incremental cost of capital ~ indirect - indirect cost ~ initial - original cost ~ istoric - (cost initial al unui activ) historical cost ~ in trepte - (cost fix pdnd ce firma ajunge la un nou nivel de activitate comerciald, cdnd se fixeazd alt cost) stepped cost ~ la mie - (metodd de calculare a cheltuielilor de publicitate pentru fiecare mie de cititori, ascultdtori etc.) cost per thousand ~ marginal/incremental - (costui aferent producerii unei unitdti suplimentare deprodus) marginal cost ~ mediu - (pe unitatea de productie) average cost ~ mediu fix - average fixed cost ~ mediu variabil - average variable cost ~ neabsorbit - (cheltuieli de regie, alocate pentru asigurarea unei activitdti de productie, neutilizate in totalitate) unabsorbed cost ~ orar de functionare a masinii - machine-hour rate ~ pe unitatea de timp - time cost ~ planificat - budgeted cost ~ real - real cost ~ recurent - recurrent cost ~ standard - standard cost

~ suplimentar - extra cost; (pentru tacdm la restaurant) cover charge ~ si asigurare - cost and insurance ~ si navlu - cost and freight ~ total al stocurilor - (raportui dintre costui total de detinere si costui total de comanda) total inventory costs ~ total de comanda - (costui lansdrii unei comenzi) total ordering costs ~ total de detinere - (costurile mentinerii unor stocuri) total carrying costs ~ variabil - variable cost costuri care influenteaza luarea deciziilor - decision-making costs ~ comune -joint costs ~ de exploatare - working costs ~ de reprezentare/mandat - (costuri asociate cu monitorizarea actiunilor administratiei pentru a verifica dacd acestea respectd angajamentele contractuale dintre conducere, actionari si creditor!) agency costs ~ fixe/obligatorii - unavoidable costs ~ la latitudinea conducerii - managed costs ~ sociale - social costs costa v.;". to cost ~ scump - to be expensive, to cost dear, to come high co$ s.n. basket ~ valutar - (grup de volute selectate pentru evaluarea altei valute) basket of currencies, currency basket cota v.t. (la bursa) to quote cotabil adj. (la bursa) quotable, quoteworthy cotare s.f. (bur.) quotation, listing ~ dubia - dual listing ~ la bursa - (stock) exchange quotation, exchange listing

110 COT-CRE ~ pentru disponibil - spot quotation cotatie s.f. (bur.) quotation; price ~ anterioara - previous quotation

bursiera - (stock) exchange quotation ~ consecutiva - consecutive quotation ~ de deschidere - marrying price ~ de tnchidere - closing price ~ la termen - forward quotation ~ nominala - nominal quotation ~ oficiala - official quotation cota s.f. quota, share ~ a cheltuielilor de capital -(cheltuieli cu amortizarea pentru scopuri fiscale) capital cost allowance ~ a navlurilor - (mar.) rate of freight, freight rate ~ a navlurilor de linie - (mar.) berth freight rate ~ a navlurilor pentru marfuri generale - (mar.) general cargo rate, generals rate ~ de amortizare - redemption quota ~ de export - export quota ~ de import - import quota ~ de profit - share of profit ~ de vanzari - (a unui agent de vdnzari) sales quota ~ impozabila - taxable quota ~ in aur — (cota. de participare, depusd in aur, de cdtre un stat—membru al FMI) gold tranche ~ - parte - share, quota ~ - parte din beneficii - share of the profits ~ procentuala - percentage contribution ~ scutita de taxe - tax-free quota cotidian adj. daily s.n. daily paper cotiza v.i. to subscribe; (ca membru) to pay one's membership dues

cotizatie s.f. due, fee; subscription; levy ~ de inscriere - entrance fee ~ de membru - member fee ~ individuals - (platitd de fiecare membru al unei asociatu) capitation fee cotor s.n. (contramarcd, talon, mated) check, counterfoil, heel, stub crah s.n. crash, bankruptcy, failure ~ bursier - stock exchange crash, market crash ~ financiar - financial crash crama s.f. wine cellar/vault, cellar creanta s.f. debt, claim ~ cesionabila - assignable debt ~ contabila - book debt ~ garantata prin ipoteca - debt secured by mortgage ~ inscrisa in registrul datoriei - debt register claim ~ neprivilegiata/neprioritara - ordinary debt ~ restanta - outstanding claim/debt creante $i angajamente - claims and liabilities creare s.f. creation ~ a marcii - branding ~ de credite - (in economic) credit creation creator s. m. maker; creator ~ de piata - (bur.) market maker credit s.n. 1. credit, loan 2. (coloand in partea dreaptd a fiecdrui conf) (cont.) credit (side) 3. (corn.) trust ~ acordat brokerului - (garantat prin titluri de valoare) broker's loan ~ agricol - agricultural credit ~ bancar - bank credit ~ comercial - commercial/trade credit

CRE-CRE 111

~ cumparator - (acordat unui cumpdrdtor strain de cdtre banca exportatorului pentru mdrfurile importate) buyer credit ~ de consum - {acordat pentru cumpdrarea de bunuri de consum si servicii} consumer credit ~ de exploatare - working capital credit ~ de export - export credit ~ de investitii - investment credit ~ de refinantare - refinancing credit ~ de scont - discount credit ~ documentar - documentary credit ~ extern - foreign credit ~ fara garantie - (fdrd documente insotitoare pentru o cambie trasd asupra unei band) clean credit ~ furnizor — {acordat cumpdrdtorului de cdtre furnizor) supplier's credit ~ garantat - (prin remiterea de gajuri) secured credit ~ garantat cu active - asset-backed loan ~ ieftin/avantajos - (cu dobdndd scazuta) easy/cheap money ~ imobiliar - credit on real estate ~ international - international credit ~ intern - domestic credit ~ ipotecar - mortgage credit, credit on mortgage; (acordat pentru cumpdrarea sau constructia de locuinte) building loan ~ ipotecar cu rambursare integrals la scadenta - straight-term mortgage loan ~ ipotecar cu rambursari in sume fixe - level payment mortgage ~ irevocabil confirmat - confirmed irrevocable credit

~ in alb — (acordat far a nici o garantie) unsecured credit ~ in aval - (obtinut de o societate- mamd de la propriile filiale) downstream loan ~ in cont curent - (care poate fi utilizat prin retrageri succesive pdnd la o limitd convenita) overdraft; (SUA) current account credit ~ lombard - (credit pe termen scurf acordat prin gajarea unor titluri financiare usor de transformat in numerar) lombard credit ~ marginal - (imprumut oferit de o banca pe baza valorii actiunilor detinute de solicitant) marginal lending ~ mixt - (credit de export acordat in comun de o banca comerciald si de stat) mixed credit ~ mobiliar - credit on personal property ~ multivalutar - (utilizabil, la alegere, in mat multe volute) multicurrency loan ~ nelimitat - unlimited credit ~ neperformant - bad/nonperforming loan ~ pe termen lung - long-term credit ~ pe termen mediu - medium-term credit ~ pe termen scurt - short-term credit ~ pentru activitatea curenta - business loan ~ pentru plata marfurilor achizi- tionate - produce advance/loan ~ personal - (reputafia unei persoane, care ii permite sd obtind mdrfuri pe credit) personal credit ~ preferential - (cu termeni favorabili de rambursare) soft loan ~ prin acceptare — (credit pe termen scurt prin care banca autorizeazd

112 CRE-CRE clientui sd tragd asupra acesteia cambii pdnd la concurenta limitei fixate} acceptance credit ~ prin cont descoperit - bank overdraft ~ public - public credit ~ - punte/de legatura - (imprumut pe termen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent) bridge credit ~ rambursabil in rate - installment credit ~ reciproc negarantat - swing credit ~ reinnoit automat - revolving credit ~ scump - (cu dobdnzi ridicate) dear money ~ sezonier - seasonal loan ~ sindicalizat - (ofertd de fonduri fdcutd de mai multe band pentru a sustine un credit mare) syndicated/ participation loan ~ stand-by - (lime de credit pusd la dispozitia unei tdri - sau a Bdncii Nafionale - care se confruntd cu dificultdti temporare ale balantei de plati) stand-by credit ~ transferabil - transferable credit a avea ~ la cineva - to have credit with smb. a avea ~ pe piata - to be a sound man a cumpara pe ~ - to buy on trust a deschide cuiva un ~ - to open a credit/an account with smb. a lua cu ~ - to take on credit a trece in creditui cuiva - to carry to smb.'s credit creditav.?. to credit ~ excesiv - (despre o banca) to overlend

creditor adj. credit... s.m. 1. creditor, lender, loaner; (beneficiar al unui drept de retentie) lienor 2. (cont.') accounts payable ~ comercial - trade creditor ~ cu garantie - secured creditor ~ fara garantie/general/chirografar - unsecured creditor ~ gajist - pledgee ~ garantat prin obligatiuni - bond creditor ~ general - (fdrd drepturi preferentiale) general/ordinary/junior creditor ~ insistent - dun ~ ipotecar - mortgagee, mortgage creditor, encumbrancer ~ in favoarea caruia s-a dat o sentinta executorie - execution creditor ~ in ultima instanta - (rol jucat de banca centrald a unei tdri) lender of the last resort ~ preferential/privilegiat - (ale cdrui creante sunt rambursate prioritar in caz de falimenf) preferential/privileged creditor ~ prin hotarare judecatoreasca - judgement creditor creditori ai unui falit - creditors under commission of bankruptcy crescator s.m. (de vite, animate domestice) breeder ~ de vite - cattle breeder, stockman, stockbreeder creste v.t. 1. to increase; (preturi) to advance 2. (animate) to breed, to rear, to raise; (plante) to grow, to cultivate, to raise v.;. to increase, to escalate; (despre preturi) to advance, to rise, to go up; (puternic; despre preturi) to

CRE-CRO 113 soar; (despre cursuri bursiere) to trade up; (a se acumula, in special despre dobandd) to accrue; (a se amplified, in special despre decalaje) to widen cre§tere s.f. increase, increment; growth; (a prefurilor) advance, rise, boost; upturn, upswing; (acumulare, mdrirea valorii unui activ prin crestere naturald) accretion; (continud) (cont.) accrual ~ a animalelor - animal breeding/husbandry ~ a cererii pe piata - increase in demand ~ a productivitatii - (mijioacelor de productie prin cumpdrarea de utilaje performante, fdrd a urmdri mdrirea capacitdtii de productie) capital deepening ~ a productiei - expansion of production ~ a riscului - (asig.) increase of the risk ~ a valorii de piata a unei investitii - capital appreciation ~ a vitelor - cattle breeding ~ de capital - (a capitalului social) capital increase ~ economica - economic growth ~ economica consolidata - consolidated economic growth ~ economica durabila - sustainable economic growth ~ economics zero - (situatie in care rezultatele economice agregate si populatia unei tan sporesc simultan, nivelul pe locuitor al indicatorilor sintetici macroeconomici rdmanand constant) zero economic growth ~ excesiva a obligatiilor - overgrowth of liabilities

~ neinflationista durabila - sustainable noninflationary growth ~ periodica - periodical increment ~ procentuala - percentage growth ~ spontana a valorii - (funciare, imobiliare nedatoratd imbundtdtirilor) unearned increment ~ stabilizata a cursului venitului nominal - steady state growth path of nominal income ~ temporara - (a preturilor) boomlet a fi in ~ - to be on the increase a incerca sa provoace o ~ - (a cursului) {bur.) to bull criza s.f. crisis; (depresiune) depression; (a afacerilor) stagnation; (a pietei) stringency ~ de lichiditati - money pressure/ scarcity ~ de supraproductie - overproduction crisis ~ economics - economic crisis ~ financiara - financial crisis ~ petroliera - petroleum crisis ~ structurala - structural crisis a fi in ~ financiara - to come down croaziera s.f. cruise ~ in jurul lumii - global/world cruise cronometror s.m. (salariat insdrcinat cu cronometrarea operatiilor industriale) time clerk caprep. 1. with 2. (bur.) cum ~ cu alt proprietar - under new ownership ~ avarie - (asig. mar.) with average ~ avarie particulars - (asig. mar.) with particular average ~ aviz - under advice ~ barare generala - (despre cec) cheque crossed generally

114 CRO-CUL ~ barare speciala - (despre cec) cheque crossed specially ~ capitalizare - (bur.) cum capitalization ~ cu bucata - (by) piecemeal, by the piece, piece by piece ~ clauze - claused ~ coloane - columnar ~ conditia ca nava sa fie disponibila - (clauza de navlosire) (mar.) subject open ~ conditia sosirii sigure - (clauza de navlosire) (mar.) subject to safe arrival ~ contract - under deed ~ cupon - (bur.) cum coupon ~ data de - under the date of ~ destinatia - (mar.) bound for ~ distribuire - (de dividende etc.) cum distribution ~ dividend - cum dividend; (SUA) dividend on ~ dobanda - cum interest ~ drepturi - (preferentiale la o noud emisiune de actiuni) cum new/rights ~ foi libere/detasabile - (despre calendare, registre etc.) loose-leaf ~ tncepere de la data - as from ~ lichidare la mijiocul lunii - (bur.) per medio ~ lichidare la sfarsitui lunii - (bur.) per ultimo ~ livrare din antrepozit vamal - bonded terms ~ livrare in docuri - delivered docks ~ personal insuficient - understaffed ~ plata taxelor de transport la livrare/destinatie - carriage forward ~ protest - (despre o plata) (dr.) under protest ~ ramburs - collection on delivery ~ raspundere limitata - limited

~ raspundere limitata si capital redus - limited and reduced ~ rise - (asig.) at risk ~ taxa zero - (in sistemul TVA) zero- -rated ~ taxele vamale achitate - duty-paid ~ taxele vamale neachitate - duty- -unpaid ~ tendinta de crestere - (despre piata bursiera) bullish ~ tendinta de scadere - (despre piata bursiera) bearish ~ testament - under will ~ titlu de imprumut - as loan ~ titlu oneros - for value ~ toate beneficiile - (bur.) cum all ~ transportui platit - (pdnd la punctui de livrare) carriage paid ~ transportui platit pana la domiciliul beneficiarului - carriage paid home ~ ziua - by the day cuantums.n. quantum ~ al despagubirii - measure of damages/indemnity ~ al impozitelor locale - ratal cultiva v.t. 1. (pdmdntui) to cultivate, to farm, to till; (in special cereale) to crop, to raise; to grow 2. (ca dijmas) to sharecrop cultivare s.f. cultivation, farming ~ a terenurilor fara irigatii - dry farming cultivator s. m. grower, farmer cultura s.f. 1. culture 2. (agricola) culture, crop ~ alternativa/intercalata - catchcrop ~ mixta - mixed cropping ~ organizationala/a corporatiei - (man.) corporate culture culturi cerealiere - cereal crops

CUL-CUM 115

~ furajere - forage crops ~ tehnice/industriale - technical/ industrial crops cumpara v.t. 1. to buy, to purchase 2. (actiuni ale unei societati) to buy into; (toate actiunile unei societati) to buy out; (actiuni ale unei societati, incercdnd sa preia controlul acesteia) to buy up ~ angro - to buy wholesale ~ avantajos/ieftin - to buy cheap/low ~ cu amanuntui - to buy retail ~ cu facilitati de plata - to buy on easy terms ~ cu plata in numerar - to buy for cash ~ in cantitati excedentare/prea man - to overbuy ~ in cantitati mari — to buy in bulk ~ in plus fata de capacitatea de a oferi actiuni suplimentare in anumite situatii - (bur.) to overbuy ~ in rate - to buy on the hire-purchase system/on the instal(l)ment plan ~ intr-un moment de scadere - (a preturilor, a cursului) to buy on a fall ~ la licitatie - to buy by auction ~ la termen - to buy for future delivery cumparare s.f. buying, purchasing, purchase ~ a la hausse - (bur.) buying long ~ a pachetului majoritar de actiuni ale unei firme de catre salariatii acesteia - employee buyout ~ a unei societati - buyout - angro/cu ridicata - wholesale purchase ~ cu amanuntui - retail purchase ~ cu plata in numerar - cash purchase, purchase for cash

~ de actiuni pe o piata in crestere - (bur.) averaging up ~ de actiuni pe o piata in scadere - (bur.) averaging down ~ de actiuni pe o piata in scadere - (dacd scdderea atinge un anumit nivel) (bur.) averaging in ~ de articole de uz curent - high- -repeat purchase ~ de proba - (cumpdrdtorul putdnd restitui marfa) sale or return ~ de produse rezultate - (acord de barter prin care exportatorul unor utilaje acceptd contravaloarea acestora in bunuri produse cu instalatiile respective) buyback ~ de spatiu in mediile publicitare - media buying ~ fara intermediari - (direct de la producdtor sau importator) buying round ~ fictiva — (pentrii a crea impresia cd anumite actiuni sunt foarte cdutate) (bur.) (SUA) wash sale ~ in rate - hire purchase, instal(l)ment buying ~ pe baza de catalog - catalogue buying ~ pe baza de comision - purchase on commission ~ pe credit - purchase on credit ~ sub impulsul momentului - impulse buying cumparari de sustinere - (a cursului) (bur.) supporting purchases ~ speculative - speculative buying comparator s.m. buyer, purchaser, shopper; (dr.) vendee ~ eventual/potential - possible/ prospective buyer ~ ferm - firm buyer

116 CUM-CUR ~ important - heavy purchaser ~ impulsiv - impulse buyer ~ nenominalizat - (bur.) undisclosed buyer ~ pe o piata - marketer cumparatori fara vanzatori - (bur.) buyers no sellers cumparatura s.f. purchase; pi. shopping a face cumparaturi - to go shopping cumul s.n. (de functii) holding more than one office/appointment, plurality of offices cumula v.t. (functii) to hold a plurality of offices cumulativ adj. cumulative cunoastere s.f. knowledge ~ a sarcinilor/specificului unui post - job knowledge cupiura s.f. (fin.) denomination unit cupon s.n. 1. (atasat unui titlu de valoare la purtdtor) (fin.) coupon 2. (de stofd) remnant ~ de dividende - dividend warrant ~ de dobanda - interest warrant ~ de piata - payment coupon ~ valoric - (oferit in scop promotional pentru obfinerea gratuitd sau cu reducere de pret a unor produse) money-off coupon, trading stamp cuprins s.n. 1. (tabla. de materii) summary 2. (al unui document) tenor curat adj. (fara rezerve/mentiuni) clean curba s.f. curve ~ a acceptarii - (unui produs nou pe piata) adoption curve ~ a cererii - demand curve ~ a consumului - consumption curve ~ a indiferentei - (grafic care reprezintd diferite combinatii ale mai

multor mdrfuri cu calitdti identice si care u oferd consumatorului satisfactie egald) indifference curve ~ a ofertei - supply curve ~ a productiei - production curve ~ a randamentului - (graficul relatiei dintre randamentele si maturitdtile diferitelor emisiuni de titluri de valoare) (fin.) yield curve ~ atipica a ofertei de munca - (grafic care ilustreazd corelafiile dintre oferta de munca. si salariul real) backward bending labour supply curve ~ descendenta - downward curve ~ normala de randament - (referitor la rata dobdnzii titlurilor de valoare) normal yield curve curent adj. 1. (despre an etc.) present, current; (despre lund) (corn.) instant; (zilnic) daily 2. (despre preturi) current; (despre monedd) legal; (despre cheltuieli) running curier s.m. courier, messenger; errand/office boy curs s.n. 1. (de apd) watercourse, river course 2. (valutar/de schimb) rate of exchange, exchange rate 3. (bur.) quotation, price 4. (serie de lectii) course ~ al actiunilor - share price ~ al cecului - (in tranzactiile cu devize) cheque rate ~ al disponibilului/spot - (cursul la care se efectueazd operafiunile la vedere cu valuta) spot rate ~ al pietei - market price/rate ~ al titlurilor de valoare - security price ~ al zilei - quotation of the day ~ central - central exchange rate

CUR-CUV 117 ~ cu fluctuatie mare - {intre oferta de vanzare si cea de cumpdrare) (bur.) wide price ~ de cumparare - {bur.) bid/buying price ~ de deschidere - (bur.) opening price ~ de emisiune - issue price ~ de interventie - (al bdncii centrale pepiata valutard) intervention points ~ de inchidere - {bur.) closing price ~ de panica/foarte scazut - {bur.) panic price ~ de schimb/valutar - rate of exchange ~ de schimb dirijat - managed exchange rate ~ de schimb fix - fixed exchange rate ~ de schimb fluctuant - floating exchange rate ~ de schimb tncrucisat - {stabilirea cursului dintre doud volute prin raportare la o tertd moneda) cross rate ~ de schimb la termen - {cursul la care se efectueazd operatiunile valutare la termen) forward rate ~ de schimb oficial - official exchange rate ~ de schimb real - real/fair exchange rate ~ de schimb sustinut - {de guvern) peg ~ de tranzactie - {bur.) trading price ~ de vanzare - {al valutei) selling rate ~ direct - {curs de schimb exprimat ca raport intre moneda nafionald si una strdind) direct quotation ~ la bursa neoficiala - kerb/street price ~ la care brokerul s-a angajat sa vanda — {pentru a evita pierderi mai mari) stop price

~ mediu - {bur., fin.) middle price/rate ~ neoiicial de schimb - unofficial rate of exchange ~ nominal - nominal price ~ prin corespondenta - correspondence course ~ serai - evening classes cursuri de schimb cu fluctuatie libera - freely floating exchange rates ~ de schimb multiple - multiple exchange rates cursa s.f. 1. {a unui vehicuf) drive, ride; {a navei) (sea) voyage, course (of a ship) 2. (parcurs) haul ~ lunga - {mar.) long course, deep- -sea/distant trade, distant cruise ~ regulata - {mar.) trade curtaj s.n. courtage, brokerage, stockbroking curte s.f. {dr.) court ~ de apel - court of appeal, appellate court ~ de arbitraj - court of arbitration, arbitration court ~ de casatie - court of cassation ~ de conturi - audit office ~ suprema - supreme court curtier s.m. broker custode^.m. custodian; caretaker custodie s.f. custody ~ sigura - {serviciu bancar) safe custody cutie s.f. box, bin; {ladd) case; {de conserve) tin, can ~ metalica pentru depozitarea de valori - {la bancd) safe deposit box cvasibani s.m. pi. quasi-money, nearmoney cvasicontract^.n. quasi-contract cvasimonopol^.n. quasi-monopoly cuvant^.n. word

118 CUV-CVO

cuvintele nu corespund cifrelor - cvorums.fi. quomm (formula pe un cec) words and figures a avea ~- to have a quorum do not agree a constitui un ~ - to form a quorum

D

da v.t. 1. to give; {(imp, bani) to allow; (a o/er;) to offer 2. (a acordd) to bestow/to confer upon smb., to grant 3. (a inmdna) to hand over 4. (mapoi) to give back, to return; (ceva furat) to restore 5. (gratis) to give away 6. (o recolta) to yield 7. (cdrtile de joc) to deal 8. (o sentintd) to adjudicate, to award - ajutor - to render assistance ~ chitanta - to receipt ~ faliment - to go bankrupt/into liquidation ~ garantie - to give/to provide security - in exploatare - to commission - un acont — to pay an account - un aviz competent - to give an expert opinion dactilografa s.f. typist - de facturi - invoice typist dactilografia v. t. to type dactilografie s.f. typewriting dana s.f. berth, mooring berth, berth space - de acostare - quay berth ' de antrepozitare - (pdna la plata taxelor vamale) sufferance wharf - de chei - quay berth - de descarcare - discharging berth ~ de incarcare - loading berth ~ de minereu - ore berth ~ de pasageri - passenger berth/wharf ~ pentru petroliere - (oil) tanker berth - pentru §lepuri - lighter berth -- plutitoare - landing stage, pier barge pregatita - ready berth

~ sigura - (pentru operarea navel) good/safe berth dar s.n. present, gift dara s.f. (taro) tare dare s.f. giving ~ de seama - (cdtre un superior) report; (statistics) (official) returns; (protocol,) minutes; (relatare) account (rendered), statement of accounts data v.t., v.i. to date data s.f. 1. (calendaristica) date 2. (limita) term 3. (oara) time 4. (notiune fundamentala, cantitate de informatie prelucratd de calculator) datum; pi. data ~ a intrarii in vigoare - effective date ~ a po$tei - date as postmark ~ a scadentei - date of maturity, due date ~ contractuala - contract date ~ de acostare la dana - alongside date ~ de anulare/reziliere - (a contractului) cancelling date ~ de expediere - (a mdrfii) (mar.) date of shipment ~ de facturare - date of invoice ~ -de incarcare - date of loading; (mar.) stem/stemming date ~ de inregistrare - entry date ~ de livrare - date of delivery, delivery date '- de plata - date of payment ~ de plecare — (a navei in cursa) date of departure/sailing, sailing date ~ de sosire - (a navei) date of arrival ~ - limita - term day

120 DAT-DAT

~ probabila de descarcare - expected discharging date date compuse - (care grupeazd informatii din mai multe sectoare, domenii) composites ~ la dispozitia conducerii - (sub forma diverselor rate si raporturi) management ratio ~ oficiale - official data ~ statistice - statistical data ~ tabulare - tabular data dator adj. 1. indebted (to), owing money, (involved) in debt 2. (angajat fafd de) under an obligation (to), obliged (to) a fi ~ - to be in debt datora v.t. to owe datorat adj. owed; owing, due datorie s.f. 1. debt; indebtedness; (arierate, datorii restante) arrears 2. (obligafie) obligation, liability 3. (ipoteca) encumbrance ~ consolidata - (datorie pe termen lung a unei tdri sau a unei alte comunitdti publice sub forma imprumuturilor pe termen lung) consolidated/ funded/permanent debt ~ cu termenul expirat - stale debt ~ curenta - current debt ~ de onoare - debt of honour, honorary debt ~ exigibila outstanding debt ~ extern a - external debt ~ flotanta - (datorie pe termen lung a unei tdri sau a unei alte comunitdti publice sub forma de credite bancare, bilete la ordin sau bonuri de tezaur cu scadente foarte apropiate} floating debt ~ inexigibila - unclaimable/undue debt

~ insolvabila - (confirmatd prin hotdrare judecdtoreascd) judgement debt ~ ipotecara - mortgage debt ~ neconsolidata - unconsolidated/ unfunded debt ~ nelichidata - unliquidated debt ~ neperformanta - bad debt ~ nerecuperabila - irrecoverable debt ~ nesigura - doubtful debt ~ neta - net debt '- piramidala - (contractarea de datorii succesive pentru rambursarea datoriilor anterioare) pyramid debt ~ preferentiala/privilegiata - (pidtitd integral, in caz de faliment, maintea altor datorii') preferential/privileged/ senior debt ~ prescrisa - statute - barred debt ~ publica - public debt ~ publica externa - external public debt ~ publica interna - internal public debt ~ publica neproductiva -(componentd a datoriei publice cauzatd mai ales de cheltuielile neproductive legate de rdzboi) deadweight debt ~ publica productiva/reproductiva -(imprumut investit de stat in active productive) living/productive/ reproductive debt ~ restanta - outstanding debt ~ secundara — (datorie care se achitd numai dupd ce au fost acoperite obligatiile fata de detindtorii de actiuni preferentiale) subordinate debt ~ veche - debt of old standing, old--standing debt claimable/due/ datorii acumulate/restante - backlog of debts

DAT-DEA 121 ~ de razboi - war debts ~ externe - (datorii ale unei societdti cdtre institutii sau persoane fizice, altele decaf actionarii ei) external liabilities ~ sigure - (care vorfi sigur achitate) good debts a face ~ - to run into debt, to incur debts a fi inglodat in ~ - to be over head and ears in debt a nu mai avea ~ - to be out of debt a se achita de ~ - to get out of debt datornics.m. debtor dauna s.f. 1. (paguba) damage; (pierdere) loss; {prejudicing prejudice, harm 2. (dr.) tort 3. (despdgubire) indemnification, compensation; pi. (despdgubiri bdnesti) damages ~ corporala - damage to persons ~ delictuala - malicious damage ~ materiala - damage to property ~ pretinsa - alleged damage ~ prin aruncarea peste bord - (a bunurilor navel) (mar.) damage by jettison ~ prin frecarea marfurilor - (in timpul transportuhii) chafe ~ prin incendiu - damage by fire ~ prin manipulare - damage by handling ~ produsa/ocazionata - damage done/ incurred daune cauzate de circulatie §i accidente - traffic and accident loss ~ compensatory - compensatory damages ~ contractuale - penalty for non-performance of contract, liquidated damages

~ evaluate subiectiv - (asig.) sentimental damages ~ exemplare/agravate/punitive - (dr.) exemplary damages ~ generale - general/ordinary damages ~ indirecte - (oferte drept compensate pentru nerespectarea obligatiilor con-tractuale) indirect/consequential damages ~ -interese - recovery of damages, damages ~ morale - moral prejudice ~ necontractuale - (stabiHte de instanta) damages at large, unliquidated damages ~ neinsemnate/nule - (stabilite de instanta) contemptuous damages ~ nominale/minore - nominal damages ~ partiale — (prin risipirea, deterio-rarea mdrfii) pickings ~ probabile - prospective damages a acorda ~ - to award damages a actiona in judecata pentru a obtine ~ - to sue for damages a obtine ~ - to recover damages deprep. 1. of 2. with, for, through ~ -a lungul bordului navei - (referitor la predarea sau primirea mdrfii) alongside ship ~ la data - after date ~ ocazie - second-hand ~ proba - on sale or return ~ serviciu - on duty ~ vanzare - on sale, under offer dealer s. m. dealer ~ autorizat - authorized dealer ~ de titluri de valoare - dealer in securities deasviprsi prep. above

122 DEA-D; : ~ liniei - (termen contabil care se referd la anumite articole din contui de profit si pierderi si care apar deasupra liniei profitului net in declaratia de profit si pierderi; parte a bugetului de marketing pe care compania o cheltu-ieste pentru a-si face publicitate in mass media) above the line debarca v.t. (mdrfuri) to unload, to discharge, to unship; (pasageri) to land, to disembark, to set/to put ashore; (pasageri din autobuz) to set down debarcader s.n. landing stage/pier/ place, wharf debit s.n. 1. (datorie) debit 2. (coloana din partea stangd a nnui cont, in care se inregistreaza elementele si sporurile de activ, respectiv reducerile de pasiv) {cont.) debit side, red 3. (vdnzare cu amanuntui) sale by retail 4. (tutun- gerie) tobacco shop, tobacconist's; (de ziare) news stall/stand 5. (de curs de apd) flow, discharge debita v.t. 1. (a inscrie o sumd in debitui unui cont) to charge smth. to smb.'s account, to debit smb. with 2. (a vinde cu amanuntui) to retail, to sell by retail debitor adj. debit... s.m. debtor; (declarat de instantd) judgement debtor; (supus unui drept de retentie) lienee ~ care fuge de creditori - (pentru a se eschiva de la plata datoriilor) fly-by- -night ~ executat - (cdruia i se aplicd un sechestru) distrainee ~ gajist - pledger, pledger ~ insolvabil - insolvent debtor ~ ipotecar - mortgage debtor, mortgager, mortgagor

~ in incapacitate de plata - debtor -- default ~ principal - principal/chief/prima- debtor ~ rau platnic - bad debtor ~ solvabil - solvent debtor debitori diverse - sundry debtors a fi debitor - to be in the red debloca v.t. (fonduri) to unfreeze. :; release deblocare s.f. (eliberare) releas,: unfreezing ~ de fonduri - release of funds debu§eu s.n. (corn.) market, outle'- opening ~ pe piata vanzarilor cu amanuntui - retail outlet ~ potential - potential market/outlet a gasi un ~ - to find a market decalaj s.n. gap, time lag ~ de randament - (diferenta dintr: randamentui mediu al actiunili:' comune si eel al titlurilor de valoare •:.-. prima clasa) {bur.) yield gap ~ deflationist - deflationary gap ~ economic - economic gap ~ tehnologic - technological gap decadea v.i. (din drepturi) (dr.) i; lapse decadere s.f. (din drepturi) (dr incapacity, lapse decerna v.t. (un premiii) to award (to;. (un titlu) to confer (on) decimal adj. decimal decizie s.f. 1. decision, resolutior- 2. (dr.} judgement, sentence, award; !- jiiratilor) verdict given/returned by the jury ~ arbitrala/de arbitraj - (a unu. tribunal de arbitraj) (arbitration) award ~ colectiva - group decision

DEC-DEC 123 ~ de inculpare/punere sub acuzatie - (luatd de curtea cujuri) true bill ~ de sistare temporara a tranzac- tionarii actiunilor unei societati - (bur., dr.) distringas ~ definitiva - ultimate decision ~ economica - economic decision ~ economica strategica - strategic economic decision ~ economica tactica - tactic economic decision ~ irevocabila - decision beyond/past recall declara v.t. to declare; (in vama) to enter; (venitui) to return ~ avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) to declare general average ~ nul si neavenit - to declare null and void, to invalidate, to annul ~ recurs - to appeal declarant s. m. declarant ~ vamal - custom-house/customs broker declarare s.f. declaration ~ a avariei comune - (asig. mar.) declaration of general average ~ a marfurilor in vama - entry of goods ~ in stare de faliment - adjudication of bankruptcy declaratie s.f. 1. declaration; statement 2. (scrisd, subjurdmdnt) (dr.) affidavit ~ a carausului - (privind starea mdrfii) carrier's statement ~ asupra valorii marfii in tara de origine - home value declaration ~ autentificata - (dr.) acknowledg(e)ment ~ consulara - consular declaration ~ de abandon - (mar.) notice of abandonment

~ de bagaje - (la vama) baggage declaration/sufferance ~ de export a incarcatorului - shipper's export declaration ~ de faliment - declaration of bankruptcy ~ de impunere/venituri - return of income, tax return, earnings statement ~ de solvabilitate - declaration of solvency ~ de valoare - declaration of value ~ falsa - misrepresentation ~ pentru achitarea taxelor vamale - duty-paid entry ~ pentru marfuri scutite de taxe vamale - free entry ~ vamala - entry, declaration of duty, customs declaration ~ vamala a echipajului - (mar.) crew's customs declaration ~ vamala asupra continutului - declaration of the contents ~ vamala de antrepozitare - entry for warehousing ~ vamala de iesire/plecare - (mar.) outwards entry, entry outwards ~ vamala de intrare/sosire - (mar.) inwards entry, entry inwards, bill of entry ~ vamala de import - import entry

vamala de transbord -transshipment entry ~ vamala de tranzit - transit entry - vamala finala - final/closing declaration ~ vamala initiala - prime entry ~ vamala preliminara - imperfect/ preliminary/sight entry, captain's (imperfect) entry ~ vamala provizorie - bill of sight ~ vamala suplinientara - postentry

124 DEC-DEF declin s.n. (al activitdtii economice, al productiei etc.) decline decont s.n. deduction, discount from a sum paid sau to be paid ~ de cheltuieli - defraying of expenses, reimbursement decontav.f. to settle decontare s.f. settlement ~ bancara - banking settlement ~ frauduloasa - fraudulent settlement ~ prin acreditiv - settlement by letter of credit ~ prin virament - settlement by transfer decorator s. m. decorator ~ de vitrine - window dresser decret s.n. decree; charter; (legiferare) enactment ~ -lege - decree law, executive order decreta v.t. to decree; to charter; (a legifera) to enact decupla v.t. (o instalatie) to shut down decuplare s.f. (a unei instalatii) shutdown decuplat adj. out-of-work decurge v.i. (despre un contract) to run on deduce v.t. to deduct deducere s.f. deduction ~ a dobanzii - interest deduction ~ a tarei - tare allowance defaica v.t. 1. (dintr-un intreg) to deduct 2. (a analiza, a impdrti in pdrfile componente) to break down defalcare s.f. 1. {dintr-un intreg) deduction 2. (analizare, impdrtire in pdrtile componente) breakdown ~ a componentelor postului - job breakdown ~ forfetara - standard deduction

defect s.n. defect; fault; (neajuns) drawback, shortcoming adj. out-of- -order, defective; out-of-repair, in disrepair ~ ascuns - latent defect ~ de fabricatie - fault of fabrication defectoscop s.n. fault detector/finder/ locator, flaw detector defectoscopie s.f. fault detection defectuos adj. faulty, defective, deficient; imperfect adv. faultily, defectively defectiune s.f. failure, breakdown deficienta s.f. deficiency deficit s.n. 1. deficit; shortage, shortfall 2. (la cantor) shortness of) weight ~ al balantei comerciale - balance of trade deficit, external deficit ~ al balantei de plati - balance of payments deficit ~ bugetar - budget deficit ~ de rezerve - (rezervele unei band care scad sub nivelul cerut de lege) deficient reserves, reserve deficiency ~ de tonaj - (mar.) shipping deficit deficite gemene - (fin.) twin deficits a acoperi un deficit - to cover/to make good/to supply a deficit a fi in ~ - to have a deficit, to be in the red deficitar adj. short; (despre buget) adverse; (despre mdrfuri) scarce; (despre un an agricol) lean a fi ~ - to be in short supply definire s.f. defining; definition ~ a obiectivelor - (man.) goal definition deflator s. m. (fin.) deflator deflatie s.f. (fin.) deflation, disinflation deflationist adj. deflationary. disinflationary

DEF-DEP 125 defrauda v.t. to defraud, to embezzle, to defalcate, to peculate defraudator s.m. defrauder, embezzler, defaulter, peculator defri§a v.t. (yn teren) to clear, to grub, to reclaim; (opddure) to clear defrisare s.f. (a unui teren) clearing, grubbing, reclamation; (a unei pdduri) clearing degrada v.r. (despre calitate) to go down degresiv adj. degressive degreva v.t. (de obligatu, datorii) to relieve, to remit; (de sarcini ipotecare, de gaj) to disencumber degrevare s.f. (de obligatu, datorii) relief, remission; (de sarcini ipotecare, de gaj) disencumbrance ~ de dubia impunere - (evitarea platii unui impozit pentru acelasi venit in doud tdri) double taxation relief delapida v.t. to embezzle, to defalcate, to defraud, to peculate delapidare s.f. embezzlement, defalcation, peculation delapidator s.m. embezzler, defalcator, defrauder, peculator delcredere s.n. (corn.) del credere delega v.t. to delegate, to depute delegat s.m. delegate; (imputernicit) mandatory; (loctiitor) deputy; (reprezentant) representative delegatie s.f. 1. (mandat) commission, authorization, mandate, delegation; (misiune) mission 2. (grup) delegation 3. (document) certificate ~ de autoritate - devolution of authority ~ economics - trade mission delict s.n. offence, delinquency, misdemeanour; (financiar) delinquency

demisie s.f. resignation a-i da/a-§i inainta demisia - to resign, to send in/to hand in/to tender one's resignation demisiona v.i. to resign, to quit, to send in/to hand in/to tender one's resignation demisionar adj. resigning; vacating; (despre tin cabinet guvernamental) outgoing 5. m. resigner demite v.t. to dismiss, to remove, to discharge (from function/office) demitere s.f. dismissal ~ nejustificata/injusta - wrongful dismissal democratiza v.t. to democratize democratic s.f. democracy ~ industrials - (participarea muncitorilor la luarea deciziilor in intreprinderea unde lucreazd) industrial democracy demonetiza v.t. (a retrage din circulatie o bancnotd, o monedd) to demonetize v.r. (a se devalorizd) to devaluate demonetizare s.f. 1. (retragere din circulatie a unei bancnote, a unei monede) demonetization 2. (devalorizare) devaluation densitate s.f. density ~ de stivuire - tightness ~ in gramada - bulk weight denumi v.t. to name, to denominate denumire s.f. name, denomination ~ a firmei - firm/trade name ~ a marcii - brand name ~ a marfii - denomination of the goods ~ a postului -job title ~ inregistrata - (a firmei) registered name depanav.f. to repair

DEP-DEP depanare s.f. 1. repair 2. (serviciu) emergency repairs, breakdown service depanator s.m. breakdown mechanic departament.s.n. department ~ autonom — (imitate in interiorul unei organizatii care este responsabild de propriul sdu profit) (man.) profit centre ~ central/de coordonare - staff department ~ de control - (unitatea centrald a unei band care verified toate tranzactiile efectuate) proof department departamental adj. departmental depa§i v.t. to exceed; (o suma, o cifrd) to top; (concedinl, o perioadd de timp) to overstay; (contui in bancd) to overdraw dependents s.f. dependence ~ de resurse - (asistentd financiard, furnizare de materii prime etc.) (man.) resource dependence deponent s.m. 1. (de mdrfuri pe baza de contract) bailor 2. (care constitute un depozit bancar) depositor ~ pentru avaria comuna - (asig. mar.) general average depositor deport s.n. (bur.) backwardation deposeda v.t. (de) to dispossess (of); (ilegal) to disseise (of) deposedare s.f dispossession; (ilegald) disseisin depou s.n. depot ~ de locomotive - roundhouse ~ de tramvaie - tramway shed depozit s.n. 1. warehouse, storehouse, storage yard, depot, repository; (de tranzit) entrepot 2. (bancar) (bank) deposit 3. (dr.) (sumd de bani depusd pentru plata unei datorii) tender; (de bunuri in garantie) bailment

~ al expeditorului de marfu ^ - (mar.) consignor/shipping depot ~ angro - wholesale warehouse ~ bancar - bank deposit ~ cu preaviz/avizarea retragerii - deposit at notice ~ de cherestea - timber yard; (SUA lumberyard ~ de marfa - warehouse ~ de materiale - supply depot ~ de minereuri - ore yard ~ de tranzit - entrepot warehouse ~ descoperit/in aer liber - open depo: ~ m valuta - foreign deposit ~ la cerere - deposit at call, demanc. call deposit ~ la import - (forma de restrictie - importurilor prin care importator^ este obligat sd 'depund temporar .- banca centrald un procent din valoare- importului) import deposit ~ la termen - time/term deposit ~ la vedere - sight deposit ~ pe chei - quay warehouse ~ pe termen lung - deposit at loot notice ~ pe termen scurt - deposit at she notice ~ pentru containere de schimb - container stock holding depot j ~ plutitor - storage vessel, floatMBi storage/warehouse ~ portuar - dock storage, qc warehouse depozite ale bancilor comerciale -i banca centrald) bankers' deposits ~ bancare prealabile - (cerute ; importator ca forma, a barter comerciale nontarifare) prior deposiBfc| ~ interbancare - (fonduri depuse bancd de alte band) interbank depc

DEP-DEP 127 depozita v.t. 1. to deposit, to store, to stock, to warehouse; (in antrepozite vamale) to bond 2. (acte, valori pentru pdstrare) to lodge ~ marfuri pe chei - to wharf depozitar s.m. 1. (consignatar) depositary, bailee 2. (agent imobiUar sau impiiternicit care define banii cumpdrdtoruliii unei proprietdti pentru a-i transmite vdnzdtorului) stakeholder depozitare s.f. storage, storing, warehousing ~ de lunga durata - long-term storage ~ de marfuri paletizate - palletized storage ~ externa/pe termen - (metodd de finantare a stocurilor prin care acestea sunt depozitate la sedhd firmei creditoare) (fin.) field warehousing ~ in aer liber - outside/outdoor storage ~ in compartimente frigorifice - freezer storage ~ in containere - container storage ~ in stoc - (de mar/a, materii prime) buying forward, forward buying ~ in tranzit - transit storage ~ in vrac - bulk storage ~ pe chei - wharfage ~ temporara - temporary storage depozitat adj. deposited, stored; (in antrepozite vamale) bonded, in-bond depozitie s.f. (dr.) deposition, testimony, evidence; (sub jurdmdnt) affidavit deprecia v.t. (a subevalud) to undervalue, to disvalue, to underrate v.t., v.r. (a devaloriza) to depreciate, to devaluate, to devalue, to recede; (moneda prin aliere etc.) to debase; (timbre) to deface, to cancel

depreciere s.f. (subevah-iare) undervaluation, underrating; (devalorizare) depreciation, devaluation; (monetard prin aliere etc.) debasement; (a tim-brelor) defacement ~ monetara - currency/monetary depreciation depresiune s.f. depression ~ economica - economic depression/ slump ~ economica cu inflatie - slumpflation depunator^.w. depositor depune v.t. 1. (bani in banca) to deposit, to bank, to consign 2. (o declaratie vamala) to enter; (o plangere, un protest) to lodge, to enter; (o cerere) to hand in, to file 3. (jiirdmdntid; despre functionari) to be sworn in 4. (mar/a in garantie) to bail ~ bani la banca - to put/to deposit money in the bank, to lodge money at the bank ~ declaratie vamala de intrare - to enter inwards ~ declaratie vamala de plecare - to enter outwards ~ garantie - to give a bail/guarantee, to deposit a guarantee ~ marturie - to give evidence, to testify depunere s.f. 1. (de bani in banca) deposit; consignment 2. (a unei decla-ratii vamale) entering; (a unei plangeri, a unui protest) lodging, entering 3. (de marfd in garantie) bailment ~ cu preaviz/avizarea retragerii -deposit at notice, notice deposit ~ la cerere - deposit at call, demand/ call deposit ~ la vedere - sight deposit

DEP-DES 128

dereglementare s.f. (eliminare a regle-mentdrilor) deregulation derelict s.n. (navd abandonatd) derelict derivat s.n. (produs secundar/auxiliar) by(e)-product derula v.t. 1. (o hartd, un document etc.) to unroll, to spread out; (un cabin) to unwind, to unreel, to uncoil 2. (un contract, o afacere) to carry on descalifica v.t. (a lipsi de calitatea/ dreptui de) (dr.) to disqualify descalificare s.f. (pierdere de drepturi civile si politico) (dr.) disqualification descarca v.t. 1. (o navd etc.) to discharge, to disembark, to unload; to unship, to land 2. (a bascula, a rdsturna) to dump; 3. (a exonera) to exonerate; (a absolvi, a achita) to absolve, to discharge; (a plati, lichida o datorie) to discharge ~ cu nava in stare de plutire - to discharge afloat descarcare s.f. 1. (a unei nave etc.) discharge, discharging, disembarkation, unloading; unshipment, landing 2. (basculare) dumping 3. (exonerare) exoneration; (absolvire, achitare) discharge ~ de marfa in minus - short landing of cargo ~ de pe nava pe chei - ship-to-shore discharge ~ in contui armatorului - gross terms discharge ~ in plus - (fafd de cantitatea din documente) overlanding ~ in port - port discharge ~ in rada - offshore discharge/ discharging/unloading

~ in stare de plutire - (a navL^ discharge afloat, afloat discharge ~ partiala - partial unloading ~ peste bord - overboard discharge descarcat adj. discharged, unloaded; unshipped, landed ~ in minus - (fata de documente) short-landed descarcator s.m. discharger, unloader; (docher) docker, stevedore descentraliza v.t. to decentralize deschidere s.f. opening ~ catre public - (transformarea unei companii particulare/inchise intr-una publicd/deschisd) going public ~ de incarcare - (guri de magazie, saborduri in bordaj) (mar.) loading aperture/opening ~ de tonaj - (la navele cu punte de protectie) tonnage opening descoperi v.t. (un zdcdmdnt) to strike descoperire s.f. (a unui zdcdmdnt) strike descoperit adj. 1. (in cont, credit prin cont descoperit in situatia in care titularul a efectuat prelevdri superioare activelor existente sau limitei de credit acordat) overdraft 2. (lipsd de titluri in portofoliu) uncovered position ~ in cont fara garantie - unsecured overdraft descriere s.f. description ~ a brevetului - patent specification ~ a postului - (man.) job description ~ a sarcinilor de serviciu ale unui director sau ale unui specialist - management job description ~ comerciala - (a mdrfurilor oferite spre vdnzare) trade description ~ corecta/exacta - (a unui produs intr-o reclamd) accurate description

DES-DES 129 desemna v.t. to designate; (intr-un post, ofunctie) to appoint, to nominate desemnare s.f. designation; (intr-un post, o functie) appointment, nomination deservi v.t. 1. (populatia) to serve 2. (un utilaj, o instalatie) to service, to handle deservire s.f. 1. service 2. (a unui utilaj, a unei instalatii) service, handling ~ a unui port de catre caile ferate - railway service to a port desface v.t. \. {un contract) to cancel, to annul, to void, to undo; (un contract de munca) to sever 2. (a vinde) to sell, to market desfacere s.f. 1. (a unui contract) cancellation, annulment, undoing; (a unui contract de munca) severance 2. (yanzare) sale desfacut adj. (neambalat; despre unele mdrfurf) loose desfasura v.t. 1. (a etala) to display, to show 2. (o activitate) to carry on, to unfold desfasurator s.n. (cont.) spreadsheet desfiinta v.t. 1. to abolish, to suppress; (a anula) to cancel, to annul; (a abroga) to abrogate, to repeal, to rescind 2. (un cartel) to decartelize; (o corporate) to disincorporate desfiintare s.f. 1. abolishment, suppression; (anulare) cancellation, annulment; (abrogare) abrogation, repeal, rescission 2. (a unui cartel) decartelization; (a unei corporatii) disincorporation ~ a cuponului — (transformarea unei obligatiuni obisnuite intr-una cu cupon zero) coupon stripping

design s.n. design ~ de mediu - (designul fabricilor si al cladirilor administrative) environmental design ~ industrial - industrial design designer s. m. designer despacheta v.t. to unpack; (baloturi de mar/a) to unbale; (din Idzi, cutii) to uncase despagubi v.t. to indemnify, to com-pensate, to requite; (pentru cheltuieli) to reimburse, to refund; (pentru servicii) to remunerate; (pentru daune, prejudicil) to make amends to despagubire s.f. indemnification, indemnity, compensation, requital, recovery; (legala) remedy; (pentru cheltuielf) reimbursement, refund; (pentru servicii) remuneration; (daune) damages, amends, reparations ~ a pagubelor de avarie ,,ca de obicei" - (asig. mar.) average as customary ~ baneasca/pecuniara - pecuniary compensation ~ in natura - recovery in kind ~ legala - legal remedy/redress ~ pentru accidente de munca - worksmen's compensation ~ pentru rezilierea contactului - smart money ~ stabilita prin acordul partilor - remedy by agreement between the parties ~ stabilita prin proces - remedy by judicial process despagubiri contractuale - liquidated damages ~ cu titlu de penalizare - vindictive damages ~ de razboi - war reparations

DES-DET 130

~ necontractuale - (stabilite de instanta) damages at large, unliquidated damages a cere ~ - to claim/to recover damages a fi pasibil de plata despagubirilor -to be liable for damages desperecheat adj. (despre un articol) odd, not paired, incomplete destinatar s.m. addressee; (al unei remiteri) remittee, recipient; (al unei plati) payee; (consignatar) consignee destinatie s.f. destination ~ finala - ultimate destination destitui v.t. to dismiss, to discharge destituire s.f. dismissal, discharge ~ ilegala/injusta - unfair/wrongful dismissal destivui v. t. to unstow destivuire s.f. (in vederea descarcdrii) unstowing deseu s.n. waste, wastage, remnant, refuse; (rebut) scrap; (rezultat din transarea unui animal) offal de§euri de bumbac - cotton wastes ~ de cherestea - off-cuts ~ de fier - iron scrap ~ de grau - offal wheat ~ de hartie - off-cuts, paper refuse ~ industriale - industrial wastes ~ radioactive - radioactive wastes ~ reciclabile - reducible wastes ~ refolosibile - utility refuse/wastes detailist s.m. retail dealer, retailer, small trader detalia v.t. to detail; (a specified, a enumera) to itemize deta§a v.t., v.r. (a schimba serviciul/ locul de munca) to relocate deta§are s.f. (transfer, schimbare a serviciuhii/locului de munca) relocation

deteriora v.t. to deteriorate, to impair. to damage; (fata unei bancnote, a unui cec) to deface deteriorare s.f. deterioration. impairment, damage; (a fetei unei bancnote, a unui cec) defacement ~ a capitalului - (situatia in care capitalul unei institutii financiare scade sub nivelul prevdzut de reglementdrile legale) capital impairment ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - (in timpul transportului) cargo damage ~ prin depozitare - (a mdrfurilor} storing damage ~ prin strivire/zdrobire - crushing damage determina v.t. 1. (a stabili, a fixa, a decide) to determine; (a convinge) to persuade, to convince; (a obliga) to bind over 2. (a stabili, a constata) to ascertain; (daunele) (asig.) to adjust ~ calitatea unei marfi - to ascertain the quality of a commodity ~ cre§terea preturilor - to force up prices ~ scaderea preturilor - to force down prices determinare s.f. 1. (stabilire, fixare'i determination; (convingere} persuasion, conviction; (constr anger e\ binding over 2. (constatare} ascertainment; (a daunelor) (asig. i adjustment ~ a costului total al fluxului tehno-logic - (pentru realizarea unui produs} (cont.) process costing ~ a costurilor directe - direct costing ~ a costurilor variabile - variable costing ~ a obiectivelor - (man.) goal setting

DET-DEZ 131 ~ a preturilor de vanzare pe baza costurilor medii - average-cost pricing ~ a preturilor de vanzare plus o cota marginala fixa - cost-plus pricing ~ a preturilor de vanzare prin tatonari - fixing prices by trial and error deturna v.t. (fonduri) to defalcate, to embezzle, to peculate, to misappropriate deturnare s.f. (de fonduri) defalcation, embezzlement, peculation, misappro-priation, fraudulent conversion detinator.s'./n. holder ~ al dreptului de posesiune pe viata sau pe termen - (dr.) termor ~ al politei de asigurare - (titularul unei polite de asigurare de viata) policy holder ~ al unei autorizatii/licente - licensee ~ al unei fransize - franchiser ~ de actiuni comune - equity holder, common stockholder ~ de certificate provizorii - (de acfiuni, obligatiuni) scripholder ~ de obligatiuni - bondholder ~ pentru valori furnizate - (al unei cambii) holder for value detine v.t. (a poseda) to possess, to own, to hold; (o pozitie, o situatie) to hold ~ un post/o functie - to hold an office detinere s.f. holding ~ de actiuni de catre salariati -(recompensarea salariatilor cu actiuni) (man.) employee shareholding ~ de actiuni pentru administrare -(de catre o persoand fizicd sau juri-dicd, pentru ca proprietarul real sd rdmdnd necunoscut) nominee shareholding

~ ilegala a unui bun - (dr.) detinue ~ reciproca de actiuni - (de catre doud sau mai multe societdti) cross holding, reciprocal shareholding devaloriza v.t. 1. (moneda etc.) to devaluate, to devalue, to depreciate; (moneda prin aliere etc.) to debase 2. (a ieftini) to mark down devalorizare s.f. 1. (monetard etc.) devaluation, depreciation; (a unei monede prin aliere etc.) debasement 2. (leftinire) marking down ~ monetara - currency devaluation/ depreciation devalma§ie s.f. commonage dever s.n. (rate of) turnover, business (done) devize, n. estimate ~ aproximativ - rough estimate ~ centralizator - summarized estimate ~ descriptiv - specification ~ estimativ - estimate of costs, cost estimate; bill of quantities ~ exagerat - overestimate devize s.f. pi. foreign exchange/ currency ~ de cliring - clearing foreign exchange dezacords.n. disagreement, dissent dezarima v.t. (mar.) to break out/bulk dezarimare s.f. (mar.) breaking out/ bulk dezasamblat adj. (alcdtuit din parti componente gata de asamblare) knocked-down dezasortat adj. (despre un articol) odd, not paired, incomplete dezavantaj s.n. disadvantage; (neajuns) drawback,-shortcoming dezavantaj a v.t. to disadvantage

132 DEZ-DIF dezechilibru s.n. disequilibrium, want/lack of balance; (al balantei co-merciale, de plati etc.) imbalance; (decalaj) gap ~ al balantei de plati - disequilibrium in the balance of payments ~ economic - economic disequilibrium dezeconomie s.f. diseconomy dezeconomii de scara - (fenomen caracterizat prin cresterea pe termen lung a costului mediu dincolo de nivelul optim al productiei) diseconomies of scale dezindustrializare s.f. deindustrial-ization dezinflatie s.f. (proces care se manifestd prin incetinirea durabild si autointretinutd a ratei de crestere a nivelului general al preturilor) (fin.) disinflation ~ competitiva - (care se manifesto atunci cdnd o anumitd tard reuseste sd aibd o monedd puternicd si o inflatie mai redusd decdt cea a tdrilor partenere) competitive disinflation dezintermediere s.f. (procesul prin care intermediarii financiari, de exemplu handle, sunt eliminati din lantui care transferd banii de la creditorul initial cdtre debitorul final) disintermediation dezmo§teni v.t. to disinherit dezmostenire s.f. disinheritance dezodorizare s.f. odour removal dezvalui v.t. to disclose dezvaluire s.f. 1. (pferire de informatii complete, obligatia persoanei care incheie o asigurare de a oferi asigurdtorului toate informatiile referitoare la bunurile sau interesele propuse pentru asigurare) disclosure 2.

(pferite de date confidentiale de cdtre o bancd despre conturile unui client} disclosure dezvolta v.t. to develop; (a imbundtdti) to improve dezvoltare s.f. development: improvement; growth ~ a gamei sortimentale - product development ~ economica - economic development ~ economica durabila - sustainable economic development ~ organica/structurala - (a unei firme) (man.) organic growth ~ umana - human development diagrama s.f. diagram, chart ~ a activitatii - activity chart ~ a circulatiei fondurilor sau a marfurilor - flow chart ~ a operatiilor - procedure chart ~ a organizarii - organization chart ~ a pragului de rentabilitate -breakeven chart ~ a procentului de munca manuala -two-handed process chart ~ a procesului muncii - operating process chart ~ a procesului tehnologic - process chart, flow diagram ~ a stadiului procesului de productie - progress chart ~ de dispersie - (in statistica matematicd) scatter chart ~ de incarcare - (mar.) deadweight displacement scale ~ de programare a proiectului -project planning chart ~ volumetrica de activitate - (pe o anumitd perioada) volume chart diferend s.n. disagreement, difference-dispute, argument

DIF-DIR 133 diferenta s.f. 1. difference 2. (dintre pretui pe care un dealer de valori mobiliare il oferd pentru titlurile de valoare si pretui la care Ie revinde, dintre preturile pentru livrdrile spot sau futures, dintre cursul de cumpdrare si eel de vdnzare al unei volute, dintre rata rentabilitdtii activelor si costui pasivelor) spread 3. (la bursa de mdrfuri, diferenta dintre pretui de exercitiu dintr-un contract la termen si pretui spot) basis ~ de calitate - difference in quality ~ de pescaj - (asietd) (mar.) draft/draught/trim difference ~ de plata - difference to pay ~ de pret - difference in price ~ de salariu - (pdnd la nivelul salariului de baza) make-up pay ~ in plus sau in minus - difference over or under diferentia v.t. to differentiate v.r. to differentiate, to become differentiated diferential adj. differential; (discriminatoriu, preferential) discriminating diferentiere s.f. differentiation ~ a produselor - product differentiation dificultate s.f. 1. difficulty 2. (jend financiard) embarrassment, straits, stringency dig s.n. dam, dike, embankment; (la ware) jetty, seawall; breakwater dijmas s.m. peasant on quitrent; sharecropper dijma s.f. (in bani) quitrent; (in naturd, in parte) metayage; (in grdne) terrage, rent paid in corn a lucra in ~ - to sharecrop diluare s.f. dilution

~ a capitalului propriu - (mdrirea numdrului actiunilor existente fdrd cresterea corespunzdtoare a profitului sau a activelor societdtii respective) (bur.) dilution of equity ~ a fortei de munca - (angajarea de muncitori necalificati pentru lucrdri efectuate de obicei de personal calificat) dilution of labour dimensiune s.f. dimension; (mdrime) size ~ speciala - (la confectii) odd size dimensiuni de gabarit - overall dimensions ~ standard de container - container dimensions diminua v.t., v.r. to diminish, to decrease, to slacken diminuare s.f. diminution, decrease, slackening din prep. (vdndut din; despre mdrfuri) (corn.) ex ~ depozit - ex warehouse ~ doc/chei - ex dock/quay/wharf ~ nava — (in portui de livrare) ex ship ~ ordinul si in contui - for and on behalf of ~ uzina - ex factory/mill/works dinamic adj. dynamic(al) dinamica s.f. dynamics ~ economica - economic dynamics diplomat adj. (titrat, cu titlu universitar) graduate, graduated s.m. diplomat(ist) directiva s.f. directive, direction, instruction director s.m. manager, managing director, head manager; (executiv) executive (manager) ~ adjunct - assistant/deputy manager

134 DIR-DIS ~ al departamentului de contabilitate - accounting manager ~ al departamentului de export - export manager ~ al departamentului de publicitate - advertising manager ~ al registrului de comert - registrar of companies ~ al serviciului de personal - staff manager ~ artistic - art director/editor ~ comercial - business/sales/ commercial manager; (responsabil cu productia si vdnzared) line executive ~ de echipa - (unul dintre principalii manageri ai unei agentii de publicitate, care conduce echipa insdrcinatd cu deservirea unui client) account director ~ de filiala/sucursala - branch manager ~ de investitii - investment manager ~ de productie - production manager ~ de produse - (responsabil cu promovarea si comercializared) brand manager ~ de ziar - editor; (SUA) publisher ~ executiv - executive manager; (SUA) chief executive ~ general - general manager ~ interimar - acting manager ~ - membru in consiliul de admi-nistratie - executive director ~ pentru probleme de calitate -quality manager ~ - proprietar - owner-manager ~ regional - district manager ~ responsabil cu vanzarile pe teren -field sales manager ~ tehnic - chief/head engineer directorate./!, directorship

directie s.f. 1. (conducere\ management 2. (centrala) head office dirija v.t. 1. (a administra, a conduces to direct, to manage, to control 2. (moneda, piata etc.) to control dirijism s.n. state interference disagio s.n. (diferenta dintre valoarea nominald si cursul pietei pentru o moneda. sau un titlu de valoare) disagio discipline s.f. discipline ~ financiara - financial discipline discont s.n. (procent mcasat din valoarea titlurilor de credit de cdtre bancd ca urmare a rdscumpdrdri: acestora inainte de scadentd) discount discontare s.f. (pperatiune prin care se determind valoarea actuald a unm venit viitor, ludndu-se in considerate raportui dintre cererea si oferta de bunuri si active financiare, evolutia costurilor, a tehnologiilor de fabn-catie} discounting discrepanta s.f. discrepancy; (decalaj) gap ~ dintre costuri - (estimate si efective) cost variance ~ statistics - statistical discrepancy discretionar adj. discretionary discrimina v.t. to discriminate discriminare s.f. (comerciald, tarifard) discrimination ~ a fortei de munca - employment discrimination ~ comerciala - trade discrimination ~ de varsta - (la angajare) age discrimination discriminatoriu adj. (despre tarife. preturi etc.) discriminating, discriminatory

DIS-DIS 135 disimulare s.f. (a activelor de cdtre un falit, a adevaruhd de cdtre un asigurat etc.) concealment disjungere s.f. (a mai multor procese) (dr.) severance (of causes) disociere s.f. (divizarea fluxurilor de numerar de la filiala unei societdti- -mamd in mai multe elemente componente pentru cresterea probabilitdtii existentei unor fonduri in perioade de dificultate economicd) (fin.) unbundling dispasa s.f. (declarable de avarie) (asig. mar.) adjustment, statement ~ conform legilor straine - (din portid de descdrcare, destinatie sail escald) foreign average/statement ~ de avarie - average adjustment/statement ~ de avarie comuna - general average adjustment/statement ~ de avarie particulars - particular average adjustment/statement dispasor s.m. (expert de evaluare a avariei) (asig. mar.) average adjuster/stater/taker dispatch s.n. (timp economisit la incdrcarea sau descdrcarea navei) (mar.) dispatch, saved time dispecer s.m. controller, dispatcher dispensa v.t. (de) to dispense (from), to exempt (from), to absolve (from) dispensa s.f. dispensation, exemption; (speciala) licence disponibil adj. \. available, disposable, ready; (despre un spatiu) vacatable; (suplimentar, excedentar) spare 2. (cu livrare imediata) spot s.n. pi. (mar/a disponibild/cu livrare imediata) spots, spot goods ~ de numerar in banca - cash at bank

disponibilitate s.f. 1. availability 2. pi. (active lichide) (fin.) available/liquid assets, disposable funds ~ de export - export availability ~ imediata - immediate availability dispozitie s.f. 1. (prevedere) provision, stipulation; (ordin) order 2. (dispunere, asezare) disposal, disposition ~ de incasare - collection order ~ de incarcare — loading/shipping order ~ de lucru - (scrisd) job order ~ de plata - payment order ~ de virament - transfer order ~ testamentara - devise dispozitii de suspendare a platii - (unui cec) orders not to pay ~ stricte/riguroase/severe - stringent regulations dispune v.t. 1. (a ordona) to order, to dispose; (a decide) to decide 2. (a prevedea; despre o lege) to enjoin 3. (a aranja) to dispose, to arrange, to set out; (a aseza) to place, to put, to set v.i. (de bani, resurse) to command distanta s.f. distance ~ de calcul al navlului - (mar.) chargeable distance ~ in mile - mileage ~ in iarzi - yardage ~ parcursa in balast - (fdrd mar/a) (mar.) dead mileage distribui v.t. to distribute, to deal/to give/to share out; (proportional) to apportion distribuire s.f. distribution; (propor- tionald) apportionment ~ a resurselor - resource allocation ~ expresa/urgenta - (a postei) special delivery ~ gratuita - free delivery

D1S-DIV 136

~ selectiva - (a produselor, operatd de producdtor pentru anumiti detailisti) selective distribution distribuitors.m. distributor ~ automat - robot distributor, penny--in-the-slot machine ~ de sarcini - taskmaster distribute s.f. distribution ~ a marfurilor fara intermediari -first-hand distribution ~ a veniturilor - income distribution ~ cu amanuntui - retail distribution district s.n. district; (regiune) region, area distrugere s.f. destruction ~ intentionata - (pentru incasarea asigurdrii) voluntary waste diurna s.f. daily fee/allowance divers adj. diverse, varied, various, multifarious, sundry; miscellaneous s.f. pi. 1. (rubricd de ziar) miscellaneous column; news items 2. (cheltuieli diverse) sundry expenses, sundries diverse si neprevazute - (mentiune la sfdrsitui devizului unei constructii) miscellaneous contingencies diversifica v.t., v.r. to diversify, to vary diversificare s.f. (a liniei de produse, a pietelor de comercializare, a gamei activelor financiare detinute in portofoliu de un investitor in scopul diminudrii riscului) diversification ~ a liniei de produse - line filling ~ a produselor - product diversification ~ a riscului - risk diversification ~ ineficienta - (selectia a 10 pdnd la 15 active intr-un portofoliu) (fin.) superfluous diversification dividend s. n. dividend

~ -actiune - (platit in actiuni supli-mentare si nu in numerar) stock dividend ~ final - (dividendul vdrsat la sfarsilul anului financiar de o societate care a distribuit dividende intermediare) final dividend ~ intermediar/partial - (dividends distribuit periodic in contui dividen-dului final aferent exercitiului financiar in curs) interim dividend ~ neachitat - unpaid dividend ~ nepreferentiaVneprivilegiat (aferent actiunilor comune) ordinary dividend ~ platit prin certificat provizoriu -(care prevede plata in numerar la c data ulterioard specificata) scnr dividend ~ preferential/privilegiat - (aferere actiunilor preferentiale/privilegiate i preferred/preferrence dividend ~ statutar - statutory dividend ~ suplimentar - bonus/extra/special surplus dividend dividende cumulative - (ale actiunilor preferentiale/privilegiate care nu a* fost achitate la scadenta} accumulative cumulative dividends ~ pe actiune - dividends per share ~ platite in numerar - cash dividends divizare s.f. 1. division 2. (a una societdti) demerger; (a unei compans in unitdti distincte pentru a acopefi mai bine diferite sectoare ale piefe^ (man.) divisionalization ~ a actiunii - (mdsurd contabild de crestere a numdrului de actiuni • circulate fdrd emisiunea unor actiias •, not, insd prin divizarea celor existentf'

D1V-DOC 137 in alte actiuni cu valoare mai mica) share/stock split ~a unei activitati - (in munci/sarcini cu grad egal de dificultate) job dilution divizibilitate s.f. divisibility ~ a factorilor de productie - divisibility of production factors diviziune s.f. division diviziunea muncii - division of labour ~ sociala a muncii - social division of labour dizolva v.t. 1. (parlamentui, o adunare) to dissolve 2. (o companie) to dissolve, to disincorporate dizolvare s.f. 1. (a parlamentului, a unei adundri) dissolution 2. (a unei companii) dissolution, disincorporation dobanda s.f. interest ~ bancara - bank/banking interest ~ bruta - gross interest ~ capitalizata - accrued interest ~ camatareasca - usury ~ compusa - (yenitui sau remuneratia pidtitd sau primitd pentru serviciul unui capital in conditiile capitalizdrii sale, fapt ce implied transformarea dobdnzii primite in capital, calculdn- du-se astfel dobanda la dobanda) compound interest ~ creditoare - (generatd de o creanta) interest earned ~ curenta - running interest ~ de asigurare - (pe care creditorul o primeste de pe urma proprietdtii debitorului pentru asigurarea platii unui credit) security interest ~ de incasat de la clientii insolvabili - interest in suspense ~ debitoare - (pidtitd pentru o datorie) interest paid ~ interbancara - interbank rate

~ intermediara - (care nu este incd scadentd, calculatd de la ultima scadentd pdnd la o zi de referintd care precede viitoarea scadentd) broken--period interest ~ ipotecara - mortgage interest ~ la conturile de depozit - interest on deposit accounts ~ la imprumutui pentru o zi/de pe o zi pe alta - day-to-day rate ~ la vedere - (pentru cecuri si cambii) sight/short rate ~ moratorie - (dobanda datoratd in mod legal sau convenitd in cazul in care un debitor nu si-a achitat datoria la scadentd) default interest ~ neachitata/restanta - outstanding interest ~ negativa - (dobanda perceputd de cdtre o bancd la un cont de depozit pentru descurajarea rezidentilor strain! privind constituirea de depozite) negative interest ~ neta - net/pure interest ~ nominala - (remunerarea efectivd a unui capital in expresie monetard la pretui pietei) nominal interest ~ penalizatoare - penalty interest ~ reala - (venitui sau remunerarea unui capital calculatd prin deducerea inflatiei din dobanda nominala) real/true interest ~ simpla/necapitalizata - simple/ ordinary interest a aduce ~ - to bear/to carry/to pay/to yield interest dobandi v.t. to obtain, to get, to acquire doc s.n. (mar.) 1. (constructie de andocare) dock 2. (bazin portuar) dock (basin), harbour/port basin

138 DOC-DOM ~ comercial - commercial dock ~ de constructii navale - shipbuilding dock ~ plutitor - floating/flooding dock ~ uscat - dry dock, concrete/graving dock a iesi din docuri - to undock docher s.m. docker, dock/waterside worker, dockhand, docksman, longshoreman, shoreman, loader, lumper, porter ~ de cereale - corn porter ~ de cherestea - deal porter ~ de magazie - hatchman, hatchwayman ~ la copastie - sideman ~ pe chei - wharfman, quay-side worker ~ pe puntea navei - dockman on deck ~ specializat - stevedore doctrina s.f. doctrine ~ economica - economic doctrine document s.n. document, act; (juridic) deed, act and deed, instrument ~ insotitor - accompanying document ~ inactiv — (document/contract in care nu au fost trecute numele) dormant deed ~ justificativ - document in proof, supporting document ~ oflcial secret - classified document ~ original - master copy ~ -sursa - (facturi, note de plata etc.) (cont.) source document documente ale navei - ship's documents/papers ~ comerciale - commercial documents ~ contra acceptare - (mentiune care semnificd faptui cd documentele nu vor fi remise cumpdrdtorului decdt contra

acceptdrii unei cambii) documents against acceptance ~ contra plata - {mentiune prin care se specified faptui cd documentele nu vor fi remise cumpdrdtorului deed: contra plata) documents against payment ~ contra plata in numerar - documents against cash ~ contra prezentare - documents against presentation ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar. i average papers ~ de expeditie - forwarding documents ~ de export - export documents: (mar.) shipping documents ~ de incarcare - loading documents: (mar.) shipper's papers ~ de lichidare in vama - clearance papers ~ de transport - carriage documents ~ de transport maritim - shipping documents ~ negociabile - negotiable documents instruments ~ vamale - customs documents/papers documentar adj. documentary documentatie s.f. documentation ~ de credit - loan submission do\ar s.m. dollar ~ -marfa - commodity dollar domeniu s.n. 1. (proprietate, mosic domain, estate, landed property; (dr.- demesne 2. (stiintific) field, scope; idr activitate) branch ~ inrudit - related field ~ public - public property ~ regal/al coroanei - crown land domicilia v.;. 1. to reside, to dwell 2. »< fixa locul de plata al unui efect comert) to domicile, to domiciliate

DOM-DRE 139 domiciliatar s.m. (agent de platd al tinui efect de comerf) paying agent domiciliere s.f. 1. residence 2. (fixare a loctilui de platd al unui efect de comerf) domiciliation domiciliu s.n. 1. residence, abode, dwelling place; (legal) domicile 2. (bancd mandatatd de o societate care a emis titluri de valoare sd efectueze toate operatiunile curente privitor la aceste titluri) paying agent/office; (de platd al unei cambii) domicile ~ ales - address for service ~ de origine - domicile of origin ~ fiscal - residence for tax purposes ~ stabil - permanent residence dona v.t. to donate, to grant, to give donatar s.m. donee, grantee donators.m. donor, grantor, giver donatie s.f. donation, grant, gift dosar s.n. 1. file; record, dossier 2. (al unuiproces) brief ~ activ/in folosinta - active file ~ cu copii de acte/documente - copybook ~ individual - individual file dosare ale salariatilor - personnel files/records dota v.t. 1. (o institute) to endow 2. (a echipa) to equip, to fit out dotare s.f. 1. (a unei institutii) endowment 2. (echipare) equipment; pi. (amenajdri) appointments dovada s.f. evidence, proof; (certificat) certificate ~ a originii - (unui produs) proof of origin ~ de imbarcare a marfurilor - shipping receipt ~ de livrare - (a mdrfii) certificate of delivery

~ de marfuri antrepozitate - warehouse bond ~ de primire - (a mdrfii) dock receipt dozare s.f. dosing ~ in greutate - weight feed drahma s.f. (unitate de mdsurd pentru greutate) dram ~ lichida - fluid dram drastic adj. (despre reduceri bugetare) swingeing drept s.n. 1. right; (privilegiu) privilege, charter 2. law ~ bancar - banking law ~ cambial - exchange law ~ civil - civil law ~ comercial - commercial/mercantile law ~ consuetudinar/cutumiar consuetudinary/common law ~ contractual - contract law ~ contractual de retentie - contract lien ~ de a actiona in judecata - right of action ~ de a bate moneda - free coinage ~ de a executa - (prin judecata) right to enforce ~ de angarie - (mar.) right of angary ~ de autor - copyright ~ de azil - right of sanctuary ~ de control/vizita - (mar.) right of inspection/search ~ de conversiune - (drept prin care obligatiunile convertible emise de o societate pot fi schimbate cu actiuni emise de aceeasi societate) conversion right ~ de folosinta in comun - (a pdmdntului, apasunilor) commonage ~ de folosire a macaralelor - (portuare) cranage

140 DRE-l ~ de gaj - legal lien ~ de gaj fara deposedare - (drept de gaj asupra unui bun fdrd transferul fizic al acestuia cdtre creditorul gajist, transferal de proprietate fund inlocuit prin inscrierea dreptului de gaj intr-un registru) registered lien ~ de gaj imobiliar - real estate lien ~ de greva - right to strike ~ de mostenire - heirdom ~ de mostenire limitat - (succesiune transmisibild pe lima descendentilor masculini saufeminini) tail ~ de munca - right to work ~ de negociere - (a unui contract) bargaining power ~ de optiune - right of option ~ de pescuit - right of fishery, fishing right; (in ape strdine) piscary ~ de preemptiune - (clauzd din contracted de societate si statut care da actionarilor comuni dreptui de a cumpdra proportional noi emisiuni de actiuni comune sau titluri de valoare covertibile in actiuni comune etc.) preemptive right, right of preemption ~ de prioritate asupra ofertei - right of first refusal ~ de privilegiu si sechestru asupra navei in constructie - shipbuilding lien ~ de proprietate - proprietary right, proprietorship, ownership ~ de rascumparare - right of repurchase; (al unui bun ipotecaf) equity of redemption ~ de recuperare - right of recovery ~ de (re)intrare in posesie - {asupra unui teren) right of entry ~ de retentie - (dreptui creditorului de a pdstra o proprietate a debitorului

restant pdnd cand acesta isi aohlfir | intreaga datorie) (possessory) lien , ~ de retentie al armatorului - (asupw ' mdrfil) shipowner's lien ~ de retentie al carausului - camer'l lien ~ de retentie al comandantului - (asupra mdrfil) shipmaster's lien ~ de retentie al vanzatorului - (pass. cand cumpdrdtorul achitd integral. pretui proprietdtii) vendor's hex: seller's lien ~ de retentie asupra actiunilor - hia on shares ~ de retentie asupra marHi - lien OB cargo, cargo lien ~ de retentie asupra navei - bottonny lien ~ de retentie cu privilegiu - senior lien : ~ de retentie de catre agentui Je I asigurare - (a politei de asigurar^\ broker's lien ~ de retentie echitabil - equitable lies ~ de retentie general - general lien ~ de retentie pentru navlu - (mar\ freight lien ~ de retentie pentru plata conti staliilor - (mar.) demurrage lien ~ de retentie pentru pla impozitelor - tax lien ~ de retentie si privilegiu al ec! pajului — (asupra navei si a inca cdturii in cazul nepldtii salariilc seamen's hen ~ de retentie si privilegiu maritim maritime lien ~ de retentie si privilegiu pentt remuneratia de salvare - (mar^ salvage bond/lien

DRE-DUM 141 ~ de returnare - (a mdrfurilor nevdndute) right of return ~ de semnatura - right/authority to sign ~ de trecere - (pe o proprietate) wayleave; (mar.) right of way ~ de uzufruct - usufructuary right ~ de vanzare - (dreptui executoruhii testamentar de a vinde o parte din masa succesorala) power of sale ~ de vot - voting power/right ~ de vot diferential - (referitor la actiunile care oferd sau nu drept de vot) differential voting ~ dispozitiv - yielding law ~ exclusiv - exclusive/sole right ~ funciar - ground law ~ inalienabil - unalienable right ~ incorporal - (drept de uzufruct cu excluderea dreptului de midd proprietate) incorporeal hereditament ~ intern - municipal law ~ international - international law, law of nations ~ maritim - marine/maritime/sea law, law of the sea ~ maritim comercial - merchant shipping law, law of merchant shipping ~ maritim de priza - maritime/naval prize law ~ maritim international -international maritime law, international law of the sea ~ maritim militar - naval/navy's law ~ natural - equity ~ nerevendicat - unclaimed right ~ penal - criminal/coercive law ~ preferential - preferential right ~ privat - private law ~ public - public law ~ roman - Roman law

~ scris - statutory law ~ succesoral - succession law drepturi civile - civil rights ~ de brevet - patent rights ~ de subscriptie - (drept acordat actionarilor de a participa la cresterea capitalului unei societdti) subscription rights, rights issue ~ fractionare - (drept insuficient de subscriptie pentru a permite sub- scriptia unei actiuni noi in cazul unei cresteri de capital) fractional rights ~ patrimoniale - (drepturi aferente unei actiuni) property rights ~ sociale - (drepturi conferite de statutui de actionar) membership rights ~ speciale de tragere - (instrument monetar international creat de FMI, folosit in principal ca imitate monetard de cont si de rezervd) special drawing rights drum s.n. road; (strada) street; (sosed) highway; (artera) thoroughfare; (ruta) route ~ de §antier - site road ~ maritim - sea route, seaway ~ maritim comercial - shipping lane/route ~ maritim costier - coastwise sea lane ~ oceanic - ocean passage, lane route drumar s.m. roadman dublu adj. double dubia impunere - (taxe duble sau multiple, prelevate de mat multe autoritdti fiscale asupra aceluiasi venit) double taxation dumping s.n. (export de mdrfuri la prefuri inferioare celor de pe piata

142 internd si mondiald cu scopul de a pdtrunde pe noi piete si a Ie acapara ulterior) dumping ~ in aval/de furnizare - downstream dumping ~ valutar - (bazat pe decalajul creat mtre cursul, micsorat intentional, al valutei nationale a tdrii exportatoare fata de cursul valutei tdrii impor- tatoare) exchange dumping a face ~ cu - to dump duopol s.n. (piatd oligopolistd pe care opereazd doi ofertanti) duopoly duopson s.n. (piatd pe care cererea este restrdnsd, existdnd numai doi cumpdrdtori care pot sd-si impund pretui} duopsony dupaprep. as ~ cum se vede - (fdrd nici un fel de garantie pentru mdrfurile vdndute) as seen duplicat s.n. duplicate, tenor, ditto ~ al unei cambii - duplicate of exchange durata s.f. 1. duration, period 2. (termen, scadenta} term ~ a dreptului de autor - duration of copyright ~ a exercitarii - (unei functii) tenure

~ a transportului pe mare - shipping time ~ de depozitare - (cow.) storage/shelf life ~ de executie/derulare a unui contract - contract horizon ~ de exploatare/utilizare - period of service, useful/working life, working service/time ~ de functionare - (service) life ~ de operare - (incdrcare ?i descdrcare a navel} handling time ~ de stationare in dana - (a navel} on- -berth time ~ de stationare in portui final/iD terminal - (mtre sosirea si plecarea unei nave comerciale} tum-around period ~ de uzura - wear life ~ de mare functionare - long life ~ medie de viata - expectation of life, life expectancy ~ probabila de descarcare - (in ztle sau fractiuni de zi) expected' discharging days ~ utila de functionare - useful life duzina s.f. dozen ~ completa - round dozen - mare - (cu 13 bucdti) long/baker^ dozen

E ecarts.n. deviation; (decalaf) gap ~ de credit - (formula care desemneazd conflictui dintre interesul vdnzdtorului de a-si primi banii cat mai curdnd si eel al cumpdrdtorului de a plati cat mai tdrzin) (corn.) credit gap ~ inflationist - (criteria si indicator de mdsurare a intensitdtii procesidui inflationist) inflationary gap ecartaments.n. gauge ~ de cale ferata - rail(way) gauge ~ mgust - narrow gauge echilibra v.t. to equilibrate; (un buget) to balance echilibrare s.f. equilibration ~ a cererii - (cu nivelul productiei) demand matching echilibru s.n. equilibrium; balance ~ al consumatorului - (nivelul maxim al utilitdtii totale de care beneficiazd un consumator din bunurile cumpdrate cu un anumit venit) consumer equilibrium ~ al pietei - market equilibrium ~ al producatorului - (atingerea echilibrului optim mtre factorii de productie, fapt ce asigurd obtinerea unui volum de productie dat cu costuri cat mai mici) producer/supplier equilibrium ~ al resurselor umane - {stare de concordantd relativd dintre cantitatea, structura si calitatea factorului uman activ disponibil si necesitdtile de resurse de muncd ale utilizatorilor) human resources equilibrium

~ bugetar - (concordanta dintre cheltuielile §i vemturile bugetului public) budgetary equilibrium ~ concurential - competitive equilibrium ~ general — (al pietelor aflate in stare de interdependentd, manifestat prin inexistenta excesului de cerere sau de oferta) general equilibrium ~ partial - (stare de echilibru a variabilelor de pe o anumitd piatd, dintr-un anumit sector, domeniu etc.) partial equilibrium ~ valutar - (concordantd dinamicd intre incasdrile si platile in valuta ale unei tdri intr-o perioadd determinatd de timp) currency equilibrium echipa v.t. to equip, to outfit; (o nava) to man, to fit out echipaj s.n. (de nava) crew, complement, hands; (al unei aeronave) (air) crew ~ complet - full crew/commission/ complement ~ de nava comerciala - shipping personnel ~ redus - reduced complement ~ strain - foreign crew ~ temporar - (care inlocuieste echipajul pe timpul stationdrii novel in port) runner crew ~ trecut in rol - enlisted crew ~ vechi - old commission echipament^.M. equipment, outfit ~ de productie - productive equipment ~ de protectie - overall, protective clothing/outfit

144 ECH-ECO ~ nefolosit vandut de guvern/stat - government surplus ~ optional - (livrat la comanda) optional equipment echipa s.f. team, group; squad; (schimb) shift echitate s.f. equity ~ a impozitarii - equity of taxation ~ fiscala - fiscal equity echivala v.t. to equate, to equalize v.i. (cu) to be equivalent/tantamount to echivalare ^./equation, equalization echivalent adj. (cu) equivalent (to) s.m. equivalent ~ al numerarului - (investitie pe termen scurt cu grad ridicat de lichiditate si scadentd initiald sub trei luni) cash equivalent ~ general - (elementui fundamental al sistemului bdnesc al unei tdri, etalon de mdsurd a standardului de valoare a bunurilor economice) general equivalent ecodezvoltare s.f. ecodevelopment ecologic adj. ecological, environmental ecologist s.m. ecologist, environmentalist econom adj. thrifty, sparing, saving, economical s.m. (intendent) steward; (administrator) treasurer, bursar econometrician s.m. econometrician econometric s.f. econometrics economic adj. 1. (referitor la economic) economic 2. {econom) thrifty, economical economic s.f. 1. economy; (stiinfe economice) economics 2. pi. savings, sparings, spare money ~ a bunastarii - welfare economics ~ a dezvoltarii - development economics

~ aplicata - applied economics ~ autocentrata - (economic inchisd) self-centred economy ~ capitalists! - capitalist economy ~ casnica - domestic science, home economics ~ centralizata/dirijata/planificata - command/controlled/planned economy, statism ~ clasica - classical economics ~ comparata - comparative economics ~ cu suma zero - (economic in care nu se inregistreazd nici o crestere, venitui unei persoane putdnd sd creased numai prin scdderea venitului alteid) zero- -sum economy ~ de export - export-oriented economy ~ de jaf - (care exploateazd la limitd resursele naturale) robber economy ~ de piata - market economy ~ de razboi - war economy ~ de schimb - exchange economy ~ de spatiu - space saving ~ de timp - time saving ~ de tranzitie - transition economy ~ de troc - barter economy ~ deschisa - open economy ~ descriptiva - descriptive economics ~ feudala - feudal economy ~ forestiera - forest economy ~ involuntara - (de bani blocafi in stocuri de mar/a) involuntary saving ~ inchisa/autarhica - closed economy ~ manageriala - managerial economics ~ matematica - mathematical economics ~ mixta - mixed economy ~ mondiala - world economy ~ monetara - money/monetary economy

ECO-EFE 145 ~ naturala - natural/barter economy ~ nationals - national economy ~ negociata - {in care resursele sunt alocate printr-un proces institutio- nalizat de negociere intre centre de decizie independente reprezentand statui, firmele, asociatiile patronale si sindicale) negociated economy ~ politica - political economy/ economics ~ reala - real economy ~ regionala - regional economy ~ rurala/agricola - rural economy, husbandry ~ simbolica - (ansamblul operatiunilor economice desfdsurate pe piata monetard, financiard - de capital -, valutara} symbolic economy ~ sociala de piata - social market economy ~ socialista - socialist economy ~ stagnanta - stagnant economy ~ subterana - hidden/underground/ subterranean/submerged/black economy ~ teoretica - pure economics ~ traditionala - traditional economy ~ voluntara - voluntary saving economii de gama - (proces care se caracterizeaza prin diversificarea gamei de bunuri si servicii oferite si prin scdderea costului unitar) economies of scope, scope economies ~ de scara - (proces care se caracterizeaza prin cresterea cantitdtii de bunuri si servicii si prin scdderea costului unitar} economies of scale, scale economies ~ externe de scara - {care vizeazd o intreagd ramurd industriald, progresul

tehnic, infrastructura etc.) external scale economies ~ fortate - forced savings economisi v.t. (bani) to put aside/away/ by, to set by; to economize, to save, to spare economisire s.f. economization, saving, sparing economist s. m. economist ecosistem.s'.n. ecosystem ~ industrial - industrial ecosystem edita v.t. to publish, to issue editor s.m. publisher; (al unei cdrti) editor editorial adj. editorial s.n. editorial, leader, leading article editorialist s. m. editorialist editura s.f. publishing house editie s.f. edition, issue ~ bibliofila - collectors'/bibliophile/ limited edition ~ de dimineata - (a unui cotidian pentru distributia locald) city edition ~ speciala - (a unui ziar) special (edition), extra efect s.n. 1. effect, result 2. (dr.) consequence, application; pi. {bunuri mobiliare} chattels personal, personal property/effects, movables, goods (and chattels) 3. (de comer f} commercial paper; (cambie) bill (of exchange) ~ al anuntarii - (gradul m care consumatorul realizeazd cd plateste un impozit care este inclus in pretui de vdnzare al unui produs) announcement effect ~ al bulgarului de zapada/de antrenare - (consecintd a conexiunilor formate intre doud sau mai multe fenomene si process economice) snow- -ball effect

EFE-EGA 146

~ al dimensiunii firmei - (firmele mid inregistreazd rate de rentabilitate mai bune decdt firmele man} size-of-the- -firm effect ~ al impactului - (cre^terea cererii atunci cdnd mi este posibild cre^terea imediatd a ofertei) impact effect ~ al preturilor - price effect ~ asupra salariilor - wage push ~ asupra venitului - (in comportamentui comercial) income effect ~ constitutiv - (dr.) constituting effect ~ de clientela - (atragerea unid anumit tip de investitori in functie de politico de dividende) (fin.) clientele effect ~ de comert - (cambia, cecul, mandatui) commercial paper ~ de comert acceptabil - (pentru reescontare la banca centrald) eligible paper ~ de comert de clasa a doua si a treia - second and third-class paper ~ de comert de complezenta - accomodation paper, pro forma bill ~ de comert la purtator - bearer paper ~ de comert necorespunzator - (care nu poatefi onoraf) bad paper ~ de comert reescontat - rediscount ~ de levier - (rata de indatorare in raport cu fbndurile proprii ale unei companii) (fin.) gearing ~ de parghie - (rata de indatorare in raport cu fondurile proprii ale unei companii) (SUA) (fin.) leverage ~ de prag - (pimctui in care un mesaj publicitar devine eficient) threshold effect ~ de substitute - (efectul asupra comportamentului cumparatorului)

cauzat de modificarea pretului un» anumit produs) substitution effect ~ de venit — (modificarea venitului reJn al consumatorului ca urmare s schimbdrilor de preturi ale produselorj income effect ~ financiar - finance bill ~ real - (dr.) material effect ~ retroactiv - (al unei legi) retroactio* ~ suspensiv - (dr.) suspensory effect ~ tranzitoriu - (dr.) temporary effect efectiv adj. effective, actual, real efectua v.t. to effect, to effectuate. » accomplish, to perform, to carry in« effect, to bring about; (a intreprinde) t carry out ~ o plata - to effect/to make a paymetf ~ serviciul datoriei - to service efectuare s.f. effectuation,! accomplishment, performance ~ a serviciului datoriei - servicing eficient adj. efficient, effective ~ sub aspectui costurilor - cc -effective eficienta s.f. efficiency ~ de operare a portului - efficiency ~ ecologica - ecologic efficiency ~ economica - economic efficiency ~ productiva - production efficiency eforts.n. effort i efortui eel mai avantajos - (pentru • investitor bancar care nu-î asumd 1 o responsabilitate in cazul in care i emisiune de actiuni nu se vin integral) (fin.) best effort egalitarism.s./!. equalitarianism egalitate s.f. equality; (paritate) parit ~ a sacrificiului - (in tec impozitdrii) equality of sacrifice ~ in drepturi - equality of rights

EGA-EM1 147 egaliza v. t. to equalize, to equate egalizare s.f. equalization, equation ~ fiscala - (apropiere a nivelului de impozitare asupra imobilelor si a altor bunuri) tax equalization elabora v.t. to elaborate, to work out; (un plan, un program) to draw up elasticitate s.f. (flexibilitate) elasticity ~ a cererii - elasticity of demand ~ a impunerii - elasticity of taxation ~ a ofertei - elasticity of supply ~ a pretului la cerere - price elasticity of demand ~ a pretului la oferta - price elasticity of supply ~ a preturilor - price elasticity/ sensitivity ~ a productiei - elasticity of production ~ a veniturilor - income elasticity element s. n. element ~ de esantionare - sampling element ~ prefabricat din beton - precast unit elevator s. n. elevator; hoist, lift ~ cu banda - conveyer/conveyor elevator ~ cu cupe - bucket/scoop elevator ~ cu descarcare continua - continuous discharge elevator ~ cu lant - chain elevator ~ de cereale - grain elevator ~ de containere - container lift ~ de marfa - cargo/freight elevator, hoister ~ de paleti - pallet elevator ~ de stivuire - elevator stacker ~ pe senile - caterpillar elevator ~ plutitor - floating elevator elibera v.t. 1. to liberate, to free; (din mchisoare) to set free/at liberty, to release; (pe cautiune) to bail out 2. (a

remite) to remit, to deliver 3. (facturi, documente comerciale etc.) to issue; (un certificat, un document) to make out 4. (de datorii, obligatii, sarcini) to release, to relieve, to privilege, to disengage, to exonerate 5. (un cecfard acoperire) to overdraw 6. (de sub controlul statului) to decontrol eliminare s.f. (a unor actiuni de pe lista de cotatii bursiere) delisting ~ a produsului - (a producerii si a comercializdrii acestuid) product elimination eluda v.t. to elude, to evade embargo s. n. embargo ~ civil - civil embargo ~ ostil - hostile embargo ~ pasnic - pacific embargo a institui un ~ asupra - to embargo, to lay an embargo upon a ridica embargoul - to disembargo, to take off/to raise the embargo emisiune s.f. 1. (radiofonica, de televiziune) broadcast 2. (de titluri de valoare, de ban!) issue; (de bancnote) emission; (de obligatiuni) floating ~ -concurs cu premii - (la televiziune) give-away show ~ de actiuni fara drept de instrainare - (emisiune destinatd actionarilor existenti ai unei societati) nonrenounceable issue ~ de actiuni gratuite - (cdtre actionarii existenti pentru majorarea capitalului prin capitalizarea rezervelor) capitalization/scrip/bonus issue ~ de bancnote - emission of paper money ~ de obligatiuni - bond issue ~ de obligatiuni cu suspendarea platii - bond issue in default

EMI-EST 148

~ de obligatiuni facuta de un nerezident/strain - foreign bond issue ~ de titluri de stat - issue of government securities ~ de titluri de valoare secundare - junior issue ~ fiduciara - fiduciary issue ~ in direct - live broadcast ~ monetara - monetary issue ~ noua - (de actiuni, obligatiuni) new issue, reissue ~ prin adjudecare - issue by tender ~ publica - (de acfiuni) public issue emite v.t. 1. (titluri de valoare, bani) to issue; (bancnote) to emit; (bani faisi etc.) to utter; (obligatiuni) to float; (actiuni nominale) to inscribe; (actiuni fictive/diluate prin supraevaluarea activelor) to water; {un cec) to make out 2. (a trage o cambie) to draw emitent adj. issuing s.m. issuer, issuing authority; (al unui bilet la ordin) maker; (tragdtor, persoand care a emis o cambie, un cec) drawer adresati-va emitentului - (formula pe un cec) refer to the drawer enumera v.t. to enumerate; (pepuncte) to itemize; (amdnuntit) to specify epava s.f. (ship)wrek epuiza v.t. \. (resurse, fonduri) to exhaust, to deplete; (a consuma complet) to use up; (a folosi la maximum) to work up; (a cheltui tot) to spend 2. (a defertiliza) to impoverish v.r. (despre rezerve, stocuri) to run low epuizare s.f. 1. (a resurselor, a fondurilor) exhaustion, depletion 2. (alocarea sistematicd si rafionald a costului de achizitie a resurselor natu-rale pentru perioada viitoare in care utilizarea acestor resurse contribute la

generarea profitului) (cont.) depletion 3. (defertilizare) impoverishment epuizat adj. (din stoc) out-of-stock; (despre cdrti) out-of-print ergonometrie s.f. ergonometrics ergonomie s.f. ergonomics, human engineering ergoterapie s.f. occupational therapy eroare s.f. error; (greseald) mistake ~ de calcul - error in calculation- miscalculation ~ de e§antionare - sampling error ~ de masurare - error of measurement ~ de nume - misnomer ~ de persoana - mistake in the person ~ de specificatii - specification error ~ operativa/activa - (eroare foam gravd care anuleazd un contract) (dr.} operative mistake erorile §i omisiunile sunt exceptate -1 (formula pe o facturd) errors ani| omissions excepted eroziune s.f. (a solului, a capitalulu erosion escala s.f. 1. (loc) place of call/suppi port of call/supply 2. (pprire) call escroc s.m. swindler, cheat escroca v.t. to swindle, to cheat, rook, to fake up escrocherie s.f. swindle, cheat, fake esenta s.f. (dr.) essence ~ a unui contract - (anumite cla dintr-un contract, care trebuie ir, plinite indiferent de circumstai essence of a contract estima v.t. to estimate, to evaluate,^ value, to valuate, to appraise; calcula, a stabili) to rate; (a pret stabili pretut) to price, to prize

EST-ETA 149 estimare s.f. estimation, estimate, valuation, appraisal; (asig., fin.) rating; (stabilire a pretului) pricing estimari omogene - (estimari asemd- ndtoare ale riscului si ale rentabilitdtii de cdtre toti investitorii) (fin.) homogeneous expectations estimativ adj. estimative, estimated; (aproximativ, in cifre rotunde) round estimator 5. m. estimator; rater e§alona v.t. 1. (a spatia, a aseza/ a dispune din loc in loc) to space out 2. (plati) to spread out, to defer 3. (yacantele, programul de lucru etc., astfel meat sd nu se suprapund) to stagger e§antion s.n. sample, pattern ~ concentrat - cluster sample ~ reprezentativ - quota/representative sample ~ -tip - type sample e§antiona v.t. to sample esantionare s.f. sampling ~ aleatorie - random sampling ~ cu faze multiple - multiphase sampling ~ cvasialeatorie - quasi-random sampling ~ diferentiala - differential sampling ~ in trepte - multistage sampling ~ la receptie - acceptance sampling ~ pentru masurarea umiditatii - moisture sampling ~ prin cote - quota sampling ~ prin tragere la sorti - lottery sampling ~ reprezentativa - representative sampling ~ simpla - single sampling ~ succesiva - sequential sampling esec.n. failure

~ al pietelor — (sintagmd care desemneazd eêcul pietelor libere de a permite o alocare eficientd a resurselor, generdnd necesitatea interventiei corectoare a autoritdtii publice) market failure ~ al voiajului - {mar.) failure of the voyage, frustration of the adventure e$ua v./. 1. (mar.) to strand, to ground, to get aground/on the ground, to run aground 2. (despre negocieri) to fall through ~ fara posibilitati de salvare - to shipwreck e§uare s.f. 1. {mar.) stranding, grounding, running aground 2. {a nego-cierilor) falling through ~ accidentala - accidentally stranding/running aground ~ din neglijenta - negligent aground ~ fortuita - fortuitous stranding ~ voluntara - (pentru salvarea navei) voluntary stranding etala v.t. (mdrfuri, produse) to exhibit, to expose, to display etalare s.f. (de mdrfuri, produse) exhibition, exposure, display etalons.n. standard ~ al pretului - standard of price ~ -argint - silver standard ~ -aur - gold standard ~ aur - devize - gold-exchange standard ~ aur - lingouri - gold-bullion standard ~ automat - (fin.) automatic standard ~ de lucru/verificare - working standard ~ de referinta - reference standard ~ de valoare - standard of value ~ -devize - foreign currency standard

ETA-EVA 150

~ dublu/paralel - (fin.) double/parallel standard ~ fictiv - (fin.) fiat standard ~ fiduciar - (fin.) fiduciary standard ~ -hartie - (fin.) paper standard ~ -marfa - (fin.) commodity standard ~ metalic unic - single standard ~ monetar - monetary standard etalona v.t. to standardize etapa s.f. stage, step ~ de fabricatie - processing stage -delucru-job step etatiza v.t. to nationalize etatizare s.f. nationalization eticheta v.t. to label; (o marfa) to ticket (up); (a inregistra pe o fisd continutui unei partide de mdrfuri) to docket; (a atasa o etichetd/pldcutd mobild) to tag etichetare s.f. labelling; (a unei mdrfi) ticketing; {inregistrarea pe o fisd a continutului unei partide de mdrfuri) docketing; (atasarea unei etichete/ placufe mobile) tagging eticheta s.f. label; (indicand continutui unei partide de mdrfuri) docket; {atasatd la mdrfuri, bagaje) tally; (mobild) tag; (cu preful) ticket, sticker ~ colanta - adhesive label ~ cu adresa - address label ~ de ambalaj - packing label euro s.m. (unitate monetard europeand) euro eurocapitals.n. Eurocapital eurocard^./i. Eurocard eurocec.s.n. Eurocheque eurocrat s.m. (functionar al organismelor europene) Eurocrat eurocredit^.n. Eurocredit eurodolars.m. Eurodollar euroobligatiune s.f. Eurobond europiata s.f. Euromarket

eurovaluta s.f. Eurocurrency, Euromoney evalua v.t. to evaluate, to value, to valuate, to estimate, to appraise; (a calcula, a stabili) to rate; (o proprietate pentru stabilirea impozitelor, a asi-gurdrilor) to assess; (daune) to adjust; (a pretui, a stabili pretui) to price, to prize; (la) to put (at) evaluabil adj. appraisable; assessable: rat(e)able evaluare s.f. evaluation, valuation. estimate, estimation, appraisal; (asig.. fin.) rating; (a unei proprietdti pentru stabilirea impozitelor, a asigurdrilor) assessment; (a daunelor) adjustment; (stabilire a pretului) pricing; (a unei avert funciare) (dr.) extent

a activitatii conducerii management appraisal ~ a bonitatii/solvabilitaîi - credit rating/status/standing ~ a costului unei activitati - (pentru fabricarea unui produs) job(-order) costing ~ a costurilor directe - direct costing ~ a costurilor exploatarii pe durata de viata - (a unui utilaj) life-cycle costing ~ a flotei sau a parcului de autovehicule - (in vederea asigurdrii) fleet rating ~ a marcii - (procesul prin care i se ataseazd unei mdrci o valoare in foaia de bilant a companiei) brand valuation ~ a muncii - job evaluation, labof'1 grading j ~ a postului - (pentru mcadrares» intr-o categoric de salarizare) joh| evaluation

EVA-EXE 151 ~ a riscului - (asig.) estimate of the risk ~ a riscului de tara - (fin.) country/ sovereign rating ~ a stocurilor - stock/inventory valuation ~ actuariala - actuarial calculation ~ cadastrala - rat(e)able value ~ multipla a costului - multiple costing ~ prudenta - conservative, estimate ~ standard a pretului •:; cost - standard costing ~ si optimizare - evaluation and optimization evaluator s.m. valuator, valuer, appraiser, rater; (agent care fixeazd impozitele sau evalueazd daunele) assessor; (inspector de daune) adjuster ~ al pagubelor produse de incendii - (angajat al unei societati de asigurare) fire loss adjuster evazionist s.m. (fiscal) tax dodger evaziune s.f. evasion ~ fiscala - tax evasion/dodging evidenta s.f. record; (situatie) situation ~ a platilor - (la un credit) payment record ~ a vanzarilor - sales record ~ contabila - accounting, bookkeeping evidente contabile - books of account ~ primare - (cont.) basic books evita v.t. to avoid; (a eluda) to elude, to evade, to escape; (plata impozitelor) to dodge evolutie s.f. evolution ~ in timp a creditului - credit history excedent 5.n. excess, surplus, overplus; spare; (de marfd pe piatd, suprapro-ductie) glut

~ al activului fata de pasiv - excess of assets over liabilities ~ al bugetului fiscal - fiscal drag ~ al exporturilor - export surplus ~ al importurilor - import surplus ~ al incasarilor fata de cheltuieli - surplus of receipts over costs ~ bugetar - budget excess/surplus ~ de greutate - overweight, overbalance ~ de stocuri - surplus stock ~ impozabil - taxable surplus ~ valoric - (cand valoarea de piatd a activelor unei societati este mat mare decdt valoarea contabila) appreciation surplus excedentar adj. excess...; (disponibil) spare exclude v.t. to exclude, to expel; (din baron) to disbar exclusiv adj. exclusive excursie s.f. tour, excursion ~ cu itinerar prestabilit - {de agentia turisticd) package tour executa v.t. 1. (a mdeplini) to carry out/through, to carry into effect, to fulfil 2. (o obligatie, un contract) to execute, to perform, to discharge; (o comandd, iin comision) to fill 3. (un debitor) to distrain; (o ipoteca) to foreclose ~ contrarevizia vamala - (mar.) to rerummage ~ revizia vamala - to rummage executare s.f. 1. (a unei obligatii, a unui contract) execution, performance, discharge; (a unei comenzi, a unui comision) fulfilment 2. (punere a unui sechestru) distrainment; (pierderea dreptului debitorului asupra bunului

152 EXE-E ipotecat, din cauza depdsirii termenului de scadentd) foreclosure ~ silita - execution debt enforcement; (ydnzare la licitatie) compulsory/ forced sale executiv adj. 1. executive 2. (executoriu) (dr.) executory, enforceable executor s.m. executor; (care aplicd un sechestrif) distrainer ~ judecatoresc - officer of the court, official receiver ~ testamentar - executor executoriu adj. (dr.) executory, enforceable exemplar s.n. 1. (model) sample, pattern 2. (de carte etc.) copy 3. (al unei cambii) via (of a bill of exchange) ~ unic al cambiei - single bill exercita v.t. (a practica) to exercise, to practise; (o profesie) to practise, to pursue, to follow exercitare s.f. (a unei profesii) exercise, practice; (a unei functii) tenure ~ anticipata - (a unui drept) anticipation exercitiu s.n. exercise ~ bugetar - budgetary year ~ financiar/fiscal - financial year, accounting period/year, tax/taxable year ~ trecut - (fin.) past year, period under review ~ urmator - (fin.) next account exigibil adj. exigible, demandable, claimable; (despre impozite, datorii) exactable, payable, due exigibilitate s.f. payability exilat^.m. exile

~ din motive fiscale - (persoand c se expatriazd din cauza regimi fiscal) tax exile exod s.n, (scurgere defonduri) fligh ~ al capitalului - (dintr-o anumitd t in strdindtate, cauzat de infli accentuatd, instabilitate poliu fiscalitate excesivd) flight of capi capital flight exonera v.t. to exonerate; to dischai to disburden ~ de raspundere - to exonerate fi responsibility/liability, to relieve responsibility/liability exorbitant adj. exorbitant, hea steep; (despre impozite, daune e swingeing expansiune s.f. expansion ~ orizontala - (extinderea unei a panii prin dezvoltarea unor prod vdndute pe piete similare si cu pr asemdndtor sou mdrirea suprafi agricole) horizontal expansion ~ verticala — (cresterea produc agricole prin imbundtdtirea prod tivitdtii terenului cultivaf) vert expansion expatriat s.m. (persoand trimisd firma unde este angajat sd lucreu strdindtate) expatriate expectativa s.f. (nivel al efortulid care un salariat considerd cd treA sd-l depund pentru a-si inde^ sarcinile si obiectivele de lucru) (rat expectancy; expectation i expedia v.t. to send (off); (prin po^ to post; (bani) to remit; (mdrfurS forward; (mdrfuri in consignati^ consign; (urgent) to dispatch; (ram scrisoare etc.) to express;

EXP-EXP 153 mesagerie) (SUA) to express; (pe cale maritima) to ship expediere s.f. sending; (prin postd) post; (de bani) remittance; (de mdrfuri) forwarding; (de mdrfuri in consignatie) consignment; (urgentd) dispatch; (rapidd a unei scrisori etc.) express; (prin mesagerie) (SUA) express; (pe mare) shipment, shipping ~ recomandata - (a unei scrisori) registration ~ subvagonala - less-than-carload/- -truckload consignment ~ transoceanica - (de mdrfuri) oceanic shipment ~ vagonala - truckload consignment expedierea in contui destinatarului - charges forward ~ in contui expeditorului - charges prepaid expediter s.m. (al unei scrisori etc.) sender, addresser; (de mar/a) (freight) forwarder, forwarding agent; (consignator) consignor; dispatcher; (pe mare) shipper, shipping agent expeditie s.f. sending; dispatch; forwarding ~ maritima - marine/maritime adventure, oversea(s) expedition experiment s. n. experiment ~ la scara naturala - field experiment expert s.m. expert, specialist; appraiser; surveyor ~ autorizat - qualified expert ~ care declara un titru - assay master ~ contabil - chartered accountant; (SUA) certified public accountant ~ de evaluare - appraiser, surveyor; (a daunelor) (asig.) assessor, adjuster ~ de evaluare a avariei - (asig. mar.) average adjuster/stater/taker

~ de tonaj - (mar.) tonnage surveyor ~ in statistica asigurarilor - actuary ~ in statistica petroliera - oil actuary ~ juridic - legal expert ~ maritim/naval - marine/maritime/ ship's surveyor ~ oficial - sworn surveyor ~ vamal - customs appraiser expertiza v.t. to survey expertiza s.f. 1. survey, expertise, expert appraisement/examination 2. (raport) expert's/surveyor's report ~ a unei lucrari - value work done ~ contradictorie - control/joint survey ~ de avarie - damage survey ~ de evaluare - valuation survey ~ profesionala - (cont.) professional valuation ~ unilaterala - one-side survey expira v.i. to expire; (despre un contract) to fall in; (despre o politd de asigurare) to lapse; (a ajunge la scadentd) to fall/to become due expirare s.f. (a unui termen etc.) expiration, expiry; (a unei polite de asigurare) lapse explicatie s.f. (a unui articol din registru) (cont.) narration exploata v.t. 1. (p mind, un zdcdmdnt) to exploit, to recover, to work(off); (cdrbune) to get, to win 2. (a cultiva) to cultivate, to farm 3. (o cale feratd, o navd etc.) to operate; (un utilaj) to run 4. (muncitorii) to sweat 5. (in interes propriu) to exploit, to turn to one's account/profit; (a profita de pe urma) to take advantage of exploatare s.f. 1. (a unei mine, a unui zdcdmdnt) exploitation, working; (de cdrbune) getting, winning 2. (a pdmdntului) farming 3. (a unei cdi

154 EXP-E: ferate, a unei nave etc.) operation; {a unui utilaj) running 4. (a muncitorilor) sweating ~ de cariera — quarrying ~ de cariera la zi - open quarrying ~ forestiera - forestry operation, logging; (SUA) lumbering ~ miniera - mining ~ patronala - sweating system ~ piscicola - fishery exploda v.i. (despre preturi) to boom explora v.t. {a prospecta) to explore; (a sondd) to probe; (mar.) to fathom explorare s.f. (prospectiune) exploration; (sondare) probing, probe explozie s.f. {a preturilor) boom ~ a preturilor - price boom exponats.n. exhibit export s.n. 1. export(s) 2. (exportare) exportation ~ de capital - capital export ~ direct - direct export ~ global - total exports exporturi invizibile - (export de servicit) invisible exports ~ provizorii - (de marfuri folosite ca mostre la expozitii, fdrd plata taxelor vamale, ulterior reimportate) temporary exports ~ vizibile - (export de marfuri) visible exports a face export - to do export trade exporta v.t. to export exportator adj. exporting s. m. exporter ~ exclusiv - sole exporter expozant^.n;. exhibitor expozitie s.f. exhibition, show, fair ~ agricola - agricultural exhibition ~ comerciala - trade exhibition ~ cu vanzare - sales exhibition ~ de automobile - motor show

~ industrials - industrial exhibition ~ itinerants - travelling exhibition ~ specializata - specialized exhibitio ~ universala - world exhibition expres adj. (c.f.) express adv. (desi scrisori) posthaste expresie s.f. expression ~ din limbajul comercial commercialism expropria v.t. to expropriate, dispossess expropriere s.f. expropriatu dispossession, compulsory acquisitK purchase/surrender ~ pentru utilitate publica dispossession for public purposes expune v.t. (marfuri, produse) exhibit, to show, to display, to lay < v.r. (unui rise) to incur, to expose expunere s.f. 1. (de marfuri, prodie exhibition, show, display 2. (la un re exposure ~ la riscul fluctuatiei unei valutt exchange rate exposure ~ la riscul ratei dobanzii - intea rate exposure externalitati s.f. pi (forma de esec pietelor reprezentata prin nereflecta la nivelul pretului pietei a unora da^ costurile sau beneficiile asocj{ productiei ori consumului) extemalil ~ de consum - (efect cauzat de situ^ in care un consumator influente^ direct productia sau consumul unuii agent economic) consumpB externalities 1 ~ de productie - (efect cauzat J situatia in care posibilitdtile de Jl ductie ale unei intreprinderi influentate de comportamentiil

EXT-EXT

intreprinderi sail de un consumator) production externalities extinde v.t. to extend; (piata de desfacere) to widen v.r. to extend, to expand; to widen; (despre o afacere) to branch out extindere s.f. extension, expansion; widening ~ a cererii - (ca urmare a scdderii preturilor) extension of demand ~ a domeniului unei activitati - (prin mdrirea rdspunderii) job enrichment ~ a fondurilor fixe - (pentru mdrirea capacitdtii de productie) capital widening ~ a liniei de produse - line extension ~ a prelevarii de mostre - sampling range extorca v.t. to extort, to swindle extorcare s.f. extortion, swindle extra adj. superior

155

extrabugetar adj. outside the budget extractiv adj. extractive extractie s.f. extraction; production ~ de petrol - oil production extrafin adj. extrafine, superfine extras s.n. extract, abstract; (al continutului unui document} docket ~ de cont - abstract/extract/statement of account, bank statement ~ de cont de reconciliere - (in evidentele contabile) reconciliation statement ~ de cont descriptiv - descriptive statement ~ de titlu de proprietate - (rezumat scris al istoricului unui titlu de proprietate asupra unui teren) abstract of title ~ din registrul funciar - land register extract

F fabrica v.t. to manufacture, to fabricate, to produce; (bani) to mint, to coin; (here) to brew ~ in serie - to mass-produce fabricant s.m. manufacturer, producer; factory owner; (de here) brewer fabricare s.f. manufacture, fabrication, production; {de bani) mintage, coinage ~ asistata de calculator - computer- -aided/-assisted manufacture ~ in serie de produse superioare - quality-quantity production ~ in serie mare - large scale/series/ serialized production/manufacture, wholesale manufacture fabrica s.f. factory, enterprise, mill; (mai mare) works, plant ~ de here - brewery ~ de caramizi - brickworks, brickyard ~ de cherestea - timber mill; (SUA) lumbermill ~ de confectii - ready-made clothing factory ~ de conserve - packing plant, canning factory, cannery ~ de hartie - paper mill ~ de imprimeuri - printing plant ~ de incaltaminte - shoe factory ~ de mobila - furniture factory ~ de produse finite - finished products factory ~ de textile - textile factory/mill face v.t. 1. (a fabrica, a produce) to make, to manufacture; (a executd) to perform, to effect ~ afaceri cu - to deal with

~ afaceri pe baza de comision - to commission business ~ comert cu - to deal in ~ cumparaturi - to shop ~ cunoscute toate detaliile - to st full particulars ~ datorii - to get/to run into debts, incur debts ~ escala - to call ~ fata competitiei - to m competition ~ formalitatile vamale de sosire s plecare - (despre o nova) to clear ou ~ inventarul - to make up inventory, to take stock ~ mentiuni - (pe documented transport} to clause ~ nul si neavenit - to render null i void ~ o revizie contabila - to audit ~ o scurta vizita - (despre un ag, comercial) to call on/upon ~ ore suplimentare - to overtime ~ propaganda electorala - to canva ~ reclama/publicitate - to advertise a nu ~ fata — (angajamentelor)* default ' facilita v.t. to facilitate | facilitate s.f. facility ~ de credit - credit facility facilitati de plata - facilities payment, easy payment/terms ~ de plata a impozitelor - tax bra ~ pentru export - export incentivt facsimile.?!, facsimile ~ de semnatura - facsimile signat ~ de sigiliu - facsimile stamp

FAC-FAL 157 a reproduce in ~ - to facsimile factaj s.f. carriage and delivery factor s.m. 1. factor, coefficient 2. (institute financiard care se anga-jeazd, contra unui comision, sd preia creantele clientilor) factor 3. (postal) postman, letter carrier ~ alfa - (evaluarea ratei de renta-bilitate a actiunilor unei societdti fdrd raportarea la indicele pietei bursiere) (bur.) alpha factor ~ beta - (coeficient care aratd mdsura in care rata de rehabilitate a actiunilor unei societdti variazd in functie de rata de rehabilitate a indicelui pietei bursiere) (bur.) beta factor ~ ciclic - cyclical factor ~ de decizie - decision maker, decision-making factor ~ de incarcare - loading factor ~ de rise - risk factor ~ de siguranta - safety factor ~ de utilizare - use factor factori de nemultumire - (a sala-riatilor fata de mediul in care lucreazd) dissatisfiers ~ de productie - factors of production factoring s.n. (metodd de finantare prin care o societate transferd, in schimbul oferirii unui comision, creantele sale unei institutii financiare) factoring factura v.t. to invoice, to bill ~ in minus - to underinvoice ~ in plus - to overinvoice facturare s.f. invoicing, billing ~ descriptive - descriptive billing ~ in minus - underinvoicing ~ in plus - overinvoicing ~ periodica - cycle billing factura s.f. invoice, bill

~ a furnizorului - supplier's invoice ~ comerciala - commercial invoice ~ consulara - consular invoice ~ de consignatie - consignment invoice ~ de cumparare - purchase invoice ~ de navlu - freight invoice/bill/note/ account ~ de vanzare - sale invoice ~ definitiva - final invoice ~ detaliata - itemized invoice ~ interna - (pentru mdrfuri vdndute pe piata interna) inland invoice ~ legalizata - certified invoice ~ originala - original invoice ~ pro forma - (de complezenta) pro forma invoice ~ provizorie - provisional invoice ~ vamala - customs invoice facturier s.n. (cornet) invoice/sales book s.m. (functionar care intocmeste facturi) invoice/billing clerk faliment s.n. bankruptcy, failure, insolvency; (colaps) collapse, crash ~ fraudulos - fraudulent bankruptcy a da ~ - to go/to mm bankrupt, to fail, to fold up, to cease payments, to go into liquidation, to collapse a declara pe cineva in stare de ~ - to adjuge smb. bankrupt a se declara in stare de ~ - to file one's petition in bankruptcy falimentar adj. bankrupt, insolvent falit adj. bankrupt, insolvent s.m. bankrupt, defaulter ~ cu certificat de accident/ghinion - (acordat de instantd, care certified faptui cdfalimentui nu afost cauzat de proasta conducere a afacerii, ci de un accident) certified bankrupt ~ exonerat - discharged bankrupt

158 FAL-FA1 ~ nereabilitat - undischarged bankrupt fals adj. false, spurious, phon(e)y, fake(d), dud, bogus, sham; (despre o bancnotd, un document} forged; (despre monede, metale) base, counterfeit, spurious; (artificial) artificial s.n. false, fake, forgery; (document fals) dud falsifica v.t. 1. to falsify, to fake up; (bancnote, documente) to forge; (con-turi, registre etc.) to tamper with; (monede, metale) to debase, to counterfeit; (alimente etc.) to adulterate 2. (a denatura) to distort, to misrepresent falsificare s.f. 1. falsification, fake; (de bancnote, documente) forgery; (de conturi, registre etc.) tampering; (a situatiei financiare, a unui bilant) window dressing; (de monede, metale) debasement, counterfeit; (de alimente etc.) adulteration 2. (denaturare) distortion, misrepresentation ~ de moneda - coinage offence falsificator s.m. falsifier; (de documente) forger; (de bani) forger, counterfeiter, coiner; (de conturi, registre etc.) tamperer; (de alimente etc.) adulterator familie s.f. family ~ cu doua venituri - (in care ambii pdrinti sunt salariati) two-income family farmaceutic adj. pharmaceutical fata s.f. 1. (avers al unei monede) obverse 2. (a unei cambii, a unui titlu de valoare) obverse favorabil adj. favourable, auspicious; (avantajos) advantageous, easy fara prep, 1. without 2. (raspundere, obligafii; termen cu care seformeazd o serie de expresii referitoare la

conditiile de asigurare si operare al navei) free 3. (bur., fin.) ex. ~ a mai intarzia - without nirth< delay ~ acoperire - (formula pe un cec) n effects/funds; (despre actiuni, marfur recolte care nu sunt disponibile in mt mentui vdnzdrii, mizdndu-se pe obt nerea lor pand la tranzactia efectivi short ~ aducerea marfii pe chei - (mar free from alongside ~ angajament - (din partea furn zorului de a menfine un anumit pret I livrare) (corn.) without engagemen (clauzd de prudentd pe care andosana o poate inscrie pe cambie) without o» liability «i» ~ a§teptarea randului - (la incarcaa sau descdrcare) (mar.) free < stem/turn ~ avarie - (asig. mar.) free of (al average ~ avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) free < general average ~ avarie particulars - (asig. mar free of/from particular average ~ avarie particulars, numai daca esl cauzata de - (asig. mar.) free < particular average unless caused by ~ capitalizare - ex bonu capitalization/scrip ~ captura de catre un stat strain (as ig. mar.) free of foreign capture ~ captura §i sechestrare - free ( capture and seizure ~ caric - (despre o navd in mca\ flying light ~ cheltuieli de folosire a macaraleli portuare - free of all cranage

FAR-FID 159

~ comanda speciala ~ - {despre un

(mar.) free of produs) off-the-shelf ~ comision de adresa address commission ~ comision de brokeraj - {mar.} free of freight brokerage ~ cont - (formula pe un cec) no account ~ cupon - ex coupon ~ datorii - clear of debts, debtless; (despre o afacere) afloat ~ defect - flawless ~ dividend - ex dividend; {SUA) dividend off ~ dobanda - ex interest ~ dobanda capitalizata - (pe piata de capital) flat ~ drepturi - (preferentiale la o noud emisiune de actiuni) ex claim/new/ rights ~ garantii/acoperire - (despre o tara consideratd ca avdnd un rise crescut de creditare} off-cover ~ impozit pe venit - free of income tax ~ indemnizatie de celeritate - (in operarea navel) free dispatch ~ instalatii de incarcare - (despre nava) gearless ~ marfa - (despre nava) light-ship condition, no-cargo condition ~ mentiuni — {despre un document de transport) clean ~ pierderi - free of losses ~ prima de salvare - (asig. mar.) without benefit of salvage ~ profit - ex all ~ proprietar - ownerless ~ protest - (formula pe o cambie) no noting ~ raspundere - free from liability

raspundere pentru avarii - free of/from damages ~ reciprocitate - nonreciprocity ~ recurs/regres - (formula pe. o cambie) without recourse ~ testament - intestate, ab intestat ~ valoare comerciala - no commercial value ~ valoare nominala - {despre actiuni) no par value federatie s.f. federation ~ de state - commonwealth fel s.n. (soi) kind, sort, grade, description feribot s.n. ferryboat, ferry craft/vessel ~ cu cale ferata - railway ferry ~ de automobile - carferry, car float ~ de mare tonaj - superferry ~ de marfuri - freighter-ferry ~ de pasageri - passenger ferryboat ~ pe perna de aer - hoverferry; (pe fluvii) hoverbus ferma s.f. farm; {cu toate dependintele) farmstead, farmyard; {gospoddrie tdrdneascd, casd de tara cu acareturi) homestead ~ avicola - poultry farm ~ de vaci de lapte - dairy farm ~ industrials - factory farm ~ mica - small holding ~ zootehnica - livestock farm fermier.?./«. farmer feroviar adj. railway s.m. railwayman fertil adj. fertile, productive fertiliza v.t. to fertilize, to make fertile fezabil adj. feasible, workable fezabilitate s.f. feasibility, workability fiabilitate s.f. reliability ~ operationala - operational reliability fictiv adj. fictitious, bogus, sham Hdeicomis s.m. {dr.) trust

160 FID fideicomisiune s.f. (dr.) trusteeship fidelitate s.f. (loialitate) loyalty ~ fata de marca - brand loyalty fiduciar adj. fiduciary Her s.n. iron ~ -beton - reinforcing iron/bars ~ forjat - wrought iron ~ vechi - scrap iron filantropic adj. philanthropic(al), eleemosynary filatura s.f. spinning mill/works filiala s.f. branch (office); subsidiary (company) financiar adj. financial finanta v.t. to finance, to fund Hnantare s.f. financing, funding ~ a deficitului bugetar - deficit financing/spending ~ a proiectelor de investitii - project financing ~ a vanzarilor in rate - instalment sales financing ~ externa - outside financing ~ interimara - (imprumut pe termen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent) bridge loan ~ interna - internal financing ~ la nivelul economiei nationale - national economy finance ~ la nivelul intreprinderii - company/ corporate finance ~ mascata - backdoor financing ~ prin conturile de creante - accounts receivable financing ~ prin emitere de actiuni comune - equity financing ~ prin emitere de obligatiuni - bond financing ~ spontana - (finantare, cum ar fi creditui comercial, rezultatd din

derularea normald a unei afac spontaneous financing finante s.f. pi. finance(s) ~ manageriale - managerial finana ~ publice - public finance finisa v.t. to finish finisaj s.n. finish ~ superior - high/superior finish firma s.f. 1. (comerciala) (commen firm, house (of business) 2. (insert signboard ~ cu sucursale multiple - muh firm ~ cu vanzare pe baza de conn prin posta - mail-order house ~ de brokeri - commission house ~ de expeditii - forwarding house ~ de export - export house ~ de factoring - (institutie finana care se angajeazd, contra i comision, sd preia creantele cliena factor ~ de transporturi maritime shipping company ~ de transporturi rutiere - haul(i)l ~ dominanta - dominant firm ~ recalcitranta - {firma. care inca sd-si mentind independenta fata dk cartel) recalcitrant firm ~ serioasa - reliable firm, safe hoia ~ solvabila - trustworthy/sound fifl ~ specializata intr-o singura gl linie de produse - single-line firm ~ -tinta - (companie pe care o i firma doreste sd o achizitioneze} U firm i fisa s.f. 1. (de telefon) coin 2-1 jocuri) counter, fish < fisc s.n. inland revenue ' fiscal adj. fiscal

FIS-FLO 161 fiscalitate s.f. fiscality, taxation policy/system fisa s.f. slip, sheet; (de cartoteca) (index) card; (indicdnd continutui unei partide de mdrfuri) docket ~ a salariatului - (cu date despre studii, experienfd, calificare etc.) personnel specification ~ cu specimene de semnaturi - (document completat la deschiderea unui cont sau a unui depozit de titluri) signature card ~ de calcul al salariului - (care insoteste piata acestuid) payslip ~ de evidenta - register card ~ de identificare - (a continutului si a cantitdtii unei Idzi) bin card ~ de lucru - (cu instructiuni pentru indeplinirea unei anumite sarcini) job ticket ~ de pontaj - (pentru marfa incdrcatd sau descdrcatd) cargo/tally sheet; time card/sheet ~ personala - record ~ tehnologica - operation sheet fisic s.n. (de bani) roll of money ' Hsier s.n. \. (catalog, cartoteca) card index 2. (dulap) filing/card index cabinet fixa v.t. 1. (o data, o sarcind) to assign; (un termen, o data) to appoint, to nominate; (un pret etc.) to fix, to state, to settle; (conditii, clauze) to lay down, to stipulate, to set forth; (suma impozitelor, a despdgubirilor) to assess 2. to fasten, to secure, to fix Hxare s.f. 1. (a unei date, a unei sarcini) assignment; (a unui termen, a unei date) appointment, nomination; (a unui pret etc.) fixing, settlement; (de conditii, clause) stipulation; (a sumei

impozitelor, a despdgubirilor)

assessment 2. fastening, securing, fixing ~ a despagubirilor assessment of damages ~ a pretului - pricing, price fixing ~ a pretului de patrundere pe piata - penetration pricing ~ a pretului in functie de pretui director - price leadership ~ a pretului la discretie - (de cdtre intermediar) price discretion ~ a preturilor prin tatonari - fixing prices by trial and error ~ de preturi multiple - (in functie de specificul pietelor) multiple pricing fixing s.n. (al cursurilor de schimb, al pretului aurului la bursa) fixing flexibilitate s.f. flexibility ~ a impozitarii - flexibility of taxation ~ a preturilor - price flexibility ~ a salariului - wage flexibility ~ economica - economic adaptiveness flotant adj. floating flotare s.f. (fin.) floating ~ a cursurilor valutare - (cotare liberd a valutelor pe pietele valutare, cursul valutar fund influentat de evenimentele economice si monetare din fiecare tard si de pe piata mondiald) rate of exchange floatation ~ concertata/in grup - (sistem ce implied existenta unui aranjament intre un grup de state, care convin ca intre monedele lor sd existe cursuri stabile) concerted floating ~ impura/controlata - (situatie in care evolutia cursului de schimb al unei monede este influentatd de interventia pe piata a autoritdtii emitente) impure floating

162 FLO-FLU ~ independenta/singulara/ neconcer- tata - (situatie in care cursul de schimb al unei monede evolueazd pe piafd independent de evolutia altor volute) independent floating ~ pura/libera - (situatie in care cursul unei volute se formeazd spontan pe piata valutard, fdrd interventia autoritdtilor monetare din tara emitenta) pure floating flota s.f. fleet ~ aeriana - air fleet ~ comerciala - merchant fleet/service, commercial fleet ~ comerciala maritima - shipping, marine ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coastwise fleet ~ de linie - liner fleet ~ de mineraliere - ore (-carrying) fleet ~ de nave frigorifice - refrigerated shipping ~ de pescuit - fishing fleet ~ de pescuit oceanic - deep-sea fishing fleet ~ de petroliere - tanker fleet ~ de remorchere - towing/tug fleet ~ de slepuri - barge fleet ~ de transport - cargo shipping ~ de traulere - trawler fleet ~ de vrachiere - bulk-carrier fleet ~ fluviala - river fleet ~ maritima - maritime/sea fleet ~ mondiala - world fleet/shipping ~ oceanica - ocean (-going) fleet fluctua v.i. to fluctuate fluctuant adj. fluctuating, varying fluctuatie s.f. fluctuation, variation, swing; (a mdinii de lucru) turnover ~ a fortei de munca - labour turnover ~ a numarului de salariati -employee turnover

~ a preturilor - price fluctuation' movement ~ dirijata - {a unei volute declaratd liber a} dirty float ~ salariala - wage drift ~ sezoniera - seasonal fluctuation ~ usoara - slight fluctuation fluctuatii ale cursului de schimb - exchange fluctuations ~ ale pietei - fluctuations of the market, market fluctuations ~ ciclice - cyclical fluctuations ~ economice - economic fluctuations a suferi ~ - to undergo fluctuations fluturas s.m. (care se distribute in magazine, pe stradd etc.) throwaway, handbill flux^./?. flow ~ brut de numerar - gross cash flow ~ circular - (transferul continuu, in ambele sensuri, de plati si incasan intre consumatori si producdtori) circular flow ~ de activitate - flow of work ~ de fonduri - flow of funds ~ de iesire de numerar - cash outflow ~ de intrare de numerar - cadi inflow ~ de numerar - (yaloarea netd reaW de numerar, deosebitd de profit contabil, care intrd sau iese din fim intr-o perioadd determinata) flow » funds, cash flow/generation ~ de numerar actualizat - (metodd t evaluare a optiunilor de investiti discounted cash flow ~ de numerar incremental - {flu. de numerar net care poate fi atrih unui protect de investitiii) incremer cash flow

FLU-FON 163 ~ de numerar suplimentar - (pe care o societate il poate cheltui pentru dezvoltare) excess cash flow ~ economic - economic flow ~ financiar - financial flow ~ real - (circulatia bunurilor si a serviciilor) real flow foaie s.f. 1. (coala) sheet; (pagina) page 2. (dintr-un registru de conta-bilitate) folio ~ de cupoane - coupon sheet ~ de drum - route sheet; (justificativa) travelling warrant ~ de expeditie - docket - de hartie de ambalaj - wrapper sheet ~ de livrare - delivery bill/note ~ de pontaj - time card/sheet/ticket ~ de reclama - sales leaflet ~ volanta - (prospect) leaflet folosi v.t. to utilize, to employ ~ o cambie de complezenta - to kite folosire s.f. utilization, employment ~ a unei cambii de complezenta - kite flying ~ completa a fortei de munca - full employment ~ ilegala a fortei de munca - unfair labour practice ~ incompleta a fortei de munca -(sub calificarea ei sau prin organizare) underemp loyment fonds.n. fund; capital ~ acumulat/de rezerva - (pentru investitii) reserve fund ~ circulant - (din care se imprumutd bani si in care se reintorc creditele acordate cu dobdnda aferenta) revolving fund; (fond guvernamental destinat finantdrii serviciilor publice) (SUA) revolving fund

~ comercial - (active intangibile ale uneifirme, calculate ca diferenta dintre pretui platit pentru compania in functiune si valoarea activelor) goodwill ~ comun - pool ~ de ajutor/asistenta - relief fund ~ de amortizare - depreciation/ redemption/sinking fund ~ de asigurare pentru somaj -unemployment fund ~ de asigurari - insurance fund ~ de asigurari sociale - welfare/ provident fund ~ de compensare - (bur.) compensation fund ~ de dezvoltare - development fund ~ de garantie - guarantee fund ~ de pensii - pension/retiring/ superannuation fund ~ de plasament in valori imobiliare -real estate investment trust ~ de plasament in valori mobiliare -security investment trust ~ de plasament mixt - (atdt in valori mobiliare, cat si in valori imobiliare) mixed investment trust ~ de prevedere - (cont.) contingency account/fund/reserve ~ de regularizare/compensare valutara - equalization fund ~ de rezerva - reserve/surplus fund ~ de rezerva de rambursare a capitalului - (subscris de detindtorii de actiuni preferentiale ai unei societdti) capital redemption reserve fund ~ de rezerva pentru creante dubioase - (fond bancar) reserve against bad and doubtful debts

164 FON-f ~ de rezerva pentru datorii - liability reserve ~ de rulment - circulating/working capital, floating/circulating assets ~ de rulment net - net working capital ~ de salarii - wage fund ~ de stabilizare - (a monedei nationale) stabilization fund ~ de tranzactionare a optiunilor - option fund ~ iiduciar - trust fund ~ forestier - standing timber ~ funciar - land resources ~ inactiv/neproductiv - unemployed fund ~ mutual - mutual fund, unit trust, trust company; (cu investitii in alte fonduri} fund fund ~ mutual administrat - (de manageri profesionisti) managed fund ~ mutual cu investitii pe termen scurt - performance fund ~ mutual cu investitii speculative pe termen scurt - go-go fund ~ mutual cu plasamente foarte avantajoase — (msd cu un grad de rise mai ridicaf) high-yielding fund ~ mutual cu plasamente in actiuni comune - equity fund, common stock fund ~ mutual de castig - (care realizeazd cele mai avantajoase plasamente pentru a obtine cdstigul maxim posibil) income fund ~ mutual de dezvoltare - (cu investitii pe termen lung) growth fund ~ mutual de investitii in obligatiuni municipale - municipal bond fund ~ mutual de schimb - (al titlurilor de valoare detinute de investitori pentru

actiuni in fondul respective excha fund ~ mutual deschis - {care emite in r, constant actiuni not) open-end fund ~ mutual echilibrat - (care invest proportional in actiuni comune, acti preferentiale si obligatiuni) balan fund ~ mutual inchis - (care a inch emisiunea de actiuni) closed-end/ fund ~ mutual principal - (care invesb in alte fonduri) master trust ~ mutual protejat - (care acop eventualele pierderi cauzate de J derea valorii unor titluri prin inves in alte titluri cu perspective crestere) hedge fund ~ mutual raportat la un indio (fond al cdrui portofoliu corespu unui indice oficial) index fund ~ mutual specializat - (in ania tipuri de investitii) speciality fund ~ necompensat - (formula pe un t effects not cleared ~ nelichid - unrealizable capital ~ neutilizat/fara destinatie special unappropriated/unapplied fund ~ pentru manco de casa - risk moa ~ statutar - statutory fund fonduri ale actionarilor - (in tern contabili, valoarea activelor fw minus pasivul) shareholders' funds : ~ de garantie/acoperire - cover fu| ~ de rezerva pentru cheltuieli neprevazute/urgente - (la o banca) emergency reserves ~ disponibile - disposable/available funds ~ fixe - capital assets/goods

FON-FOR 165 ~ proprii - (totalul capitalurilor care apartin unei companii si nu sunt imprumutate) capital resources ~ suplimentare necesare - (pe care o firmd trebuie so. Ie obtind din exterior prin imprumut sau vdnzare de actiuni) additional funds needed fonda v.t. to found; to establish, to promote, to set up fondare s.f. foundation; establishment, promotion fondator s.m. founder, promoter ~ al unei societati - company promoter fora v.;. to drill foraj s.n. drilling ~ de prospectiune - exploration/ wildcat drilling, wildcatting ~ de sonde de petrol - petroleum drilling ~ in largul marii - offshore/deep-sea drilling forestier adj. forest... forfetar adj. lump forma v.t. to form ~ de rezerva pentru creante dubioase - (fond bancar) reserve against bad and doubtful debts ~ un cartel - to pool ~ un consortiu/sindicat patronal - to syndicate ~ un monopol - to comer formalitate s.f. formality, formal procedure ~ legala - statutory formality formalitati vamale - customs clearance, procedure of customs formare s.f. 1. formation 2. (instruire, pregdtire) training ~ a cadrelor - personnel training

~ a cadrelor de conducere - management training, executive development ~ a capitalului propriu - equity capital formation ~ a unui cartel - pooling ~ bruta de capital fix - gross fixed capital formation ~ in afara locului de munca - off-the- -job training ~ la locul de munca -job training ~ neta de capital fix - net fixed capital formation ~ profesionala - vocational training format s.n. size; (de carte) format ~ obisnuit - regular size formular s.n. (print/printed) form; (blancheta) (paper) blank ~ administrativ - office form ~ de cec - cheque form ~ de cerere - form of application, application form ~ de cerere de credit - loan application form ~ de cerere de subscriere la actiuni - letter of application ~ de chitanta - form of receipt ~ de comanda - order form ~ de declaratie de venituri - (pentru impunere) form of return - de impunere - tax form ~ de oferta - (la licitatie) form of tender ~ de procura - form of proxy ~ de repartizare a actiunilor - share allotment form ~ de subscriere - subscription form ~ de telegrama - telegram form ~ din ziua declararii numelor - (prin care brokerul li oferd vdnzdtorului

166 FOR-FRU informatii despre cumpdrdtor) {bur.) name-ticket forta s.f. force ~ de munca - labour force, manpower ~ de munca excedentara - surplus labour ~ de munca exploatata - sweated labour ~ de munca ieftina - cheap labour ~ de munca necalificata - unskilled/ common labour ~ de munca temporara - casual labour ~ majora - act of God, cause beyond control forte de productie - productive/ production forces fragil adj. breakable fraht s.n. consignment note, waybill, freight document ~ aerian - air consignment note/ waybill franca v.t. to frank, to prepay, to stamp francat adj. postpaid, postage paid ~ insuficient - (despre o scrisoare) short-paid franco adv. (corn.) free ~ bord - free on board ~ bord stivuit si fara cheltuieli de descarcare - free on board and stowed and free discharging ~ bord si rujat - free on board and free trimmed ~ camion - free on truck ~ carau§ - free carrier ~ chei - free alongside quay ~ de-a lungul navei - free alongside ship/vessel ~ depozit - free into store, free entrepot ~ domiciliu - free delivered/domicile

~ frontiera - free border ~ in bazinul portuar - free dock ~ nava - free on ship/ vessel ~ peste bord - free overboard/overside ~ §lep - free into barge ~ transport - carriage free ~ vagon - free on rail/truck fran§izat s.m. (cesionar al unei fransize) (corn.) manufacturer's agent fransiza s.f. 1. (corn.) franchise 2. (in asigurdrile maritime, valoare a pierderii sub care societatea de asigurdri nu este obligatd sd acorde nici un fel de despdgubire, dar peste care trebuie so. ofere despdgubiri complete} franchise fran§izor s.m. (cedent al unei fransize} (corn.) franchiser frauda s.f. fraud, embezzlement, defalcation fraudulos adj. fraudulent frecare s.f. abrasion ~ a monedei - (ca urmare a circulatiei, rezultdnd o diminuare • greutdtii) abrasion of coin frigorifer s.n. refrigerating machine; refrigeration plant frigotehnica s.f. refrigeration frigotehnist^.m. refrigerationist s front s.n. front, face ~ al cheiurilor - quayage, frontage ~ de abataj - face of workings ~ de dane - berthage, berthing space ~ de exploatare - (intr-o cariert quarry face frontiers s.f. frontier, border ~- a eficientei - (indicatorii cei im favorabili din punctui de vedere « riscului si al rentabilitdtii) {fin efficient frontier fructifer adj. fruit-bearing, fructifero<<

FUN-FUR 167 funciar adj. ground..., land(ed)... functie s.f. 1. function 2. (slujbd) job; (post) post, position, office ~ a cererii - demand schedule ~ a ofertei - supply schedule ~ amovibila - revocable post ~ de consum - consumption function ~ de manager - managership ~ de productie - production function ~ de stimulare a vanzarilor - (relatia dintre activitatea de marketing si nivelul vanzarilor) sales response function ~ de utilitate - utility function ~ publica - public office ~ superioara - seniority functii pe servicii - departmental functions functiona v.i. 1. to function 2. (despre o marina) to run, to work functional adj. functional functionar s.m. office bearer/holder; (public, civil, ecleziastic; secretar) officer; {de birou) office worker; (de staf) public/civil servant, official, functionary; (comercial; secretar) clerk ~ inferior/subaltern - junior clerk/ officer ~ la ghiseui unei banci - bank teller ~ la oficiul postal - mail teller ~ public/de stat - public/civil servant, (public) official ~ responsabil cu clasarea documentelor - filing clerk ~ responsabil cu corespondenta - correspondence clerk ~ responsabil cu relatiile cu publicul - public relations officer ~ superior - high official, officer of state; executive officer; {din

conducerea unei societdti) company officer ~ vamal - revenue/customs officer, searcher fundatie s.f. (institutie) endowed establishment/institution, endowment, foundation funt s.m. (imitate de mdsurd pentru greutate) pound fura v.t. to steal, to thieve; (a jefui) to rob; (in cantitdti mid) to pilfer furaj s.n. forage, fodder furgoneta s.f. van, utility car/vehicle; (pentru livrdri) delivery car/van furnituri s.f. pi. (mar/a, obiecte furnizate) supply of goods/materials, supplies; (rechizite) requisites; {textile) appurtenances, trimmings, furnishings ~ de birou - office stationery ~ maritime - ship chandlery furniza v.t. to supply, to furnish (with), to purvey; (a livrd) to deliver v.i. to purvey (for); (alimente si servicii) to cater (for) furnizare s.f. supply, furnishing, purveyance; (livrare) delivery; (de alimente si servicii) catering furnizor s.m. supplier, (supply) contractor, purveyor; {de echipamenf) outfitter; (mai ales de mobila) furnisher; (de alimente) victualler, provider ~ de alimente - victualler ~ de alimente si servicii - caterer - intermediar - subcontractor ~ maritim/naval - ship chandler furt s. n. 1. theft; (jaf) robbery; (mdrunt) pilferage 2. (dr.) larceny ~ calificat - (dr.) aggravated theft ~ din magazin - shoplifting

168

~ marunt/sub o anumita valoare - (dr.) petty larceny ~ peste o anumita valoare - (dr.) grand larceny ~ prin efractie - burglary furturi §i furti§aguri - {asig.) theft and pilferage fuss.n. shaft ~ orar - hour/time zone fuziona v.;'. to merge, to amalgamate, to fuse fuziune s.f. merger, merging, amalgamation, fusion ~ congenera - (intre firme din aceeasi Industrie in care partenerii de fuziune FUR-F1

nu sunt nici clientii, nici furnizc uneia dintre ele) congeneric merger ~ -conglomerat - (intre societdti i industrii diferite) conglomerate merg ~ operationala - (fuziune prin a sunt integrate operatiunile a dc companii in speranta obfinerii ui wantage sinergetice) operating merg ~ orizontala - (fuziunea a doua fir, care produc acelasi tip de bunuri .1 servicii) horizontal merger ~ prin absorbtie - merger absorption ~ verticala - (achizitia unei firme catre unul dintre furnizori sau alia vertical merger

G gabarit^.M. overall size/dimension ~ al marfii stivuite - (mar.) stowing dimension gaj s.n. pledge, gage, lien ~ cu deposedare - unredeemed pledge ~ fara deposedare - redeemed pledge a da/a pune in ~ - to pledge, to gage, to put in pledge a scoate din ~ - to redeem a pledge, to take out of pledge. galantar s.n. shop window/front, showcase galanterie s.f. 1. (prdvalie) haberdasher's, hosier's 2. (obiecte) narrow goods; (de bdrbat) men's haberdashery; (de dama) hosiery galon s.n. (unitate de mdsurd pentru capacitate) gallon gama s.f. scale, range ~ de preturi - scale of prices ~ de produse - range/portfolio of products ~ sortimentala - product mix/range garant s.m. guarantor, surety, warrantor, bail, bondsman a fi ~ pentru - to stand surety for garanta v.t. to guarantee, to warrant, to secure; (bur., fin.) to cover ~ pentru - to stand security for, to go/to become bail/security for garantat adj. guaranteed, warranted, secured; (bur., fin.) covered ~ prin obligatiuni - bonded (de calitate etc.) platd) guaranty, pledge; (colateral, un imprumut)

collateral; (fond de acoperire/garantie pentru un imprumut, o tranzactie) cover, coverage; (a

executdrii unui contract) pledge, guaranty; (sumd cerutd ca avans pentru datorii sau daune eventuale ori pentru indeplinirea obligatiilor contractuale) caution money; (cerutd exportatorilor) tender guarantee; (cautiune) bail 2. (acord, contract de garantie de platd) bond ~ bancara - bank guarantee ~ colaterala - (pentru un imprumut) collateral

garantie s.f. 1. warranty; (de guarantee, surety, garantie pentru

~ contra riscurilor la export - export risk guarantee ~ corespunzatoare - adequate security ~ de calitate - warranty of quality ~ de executare - (a contractului) performance guarantee ~ de navigabilitate - (mar.) warranty of seaworthiness ~ exagerata - excessive guarantee ~ expresa - express warranty ~ fiduciara - (document care garan-teazd ca proprietatea mcredintatd unui administrator fiduciar nu va suferi nici o daund din cauza acestuia) fiduciary bond ~ fixa - (dreptui creditorului fiind limitat la un anumit activ al unei societdti) fixed charge ~ flotanta - (dreptui creditorului extinzdndu-se la toate activele unei societdfi) floating charge ~ guvernamentala - government security ~ imobiliara - pledge of real property

GAR-GH1 170

~ implicita - (asig.) implied warranty ~ mobiliara - pledge of movables, personal security ~ nula - (proprietate industrials ce nu poate servi drept grantie bancard dacd nu este in exploatare) dead security ~ pe baza de depozit §i credit - deposit-cum-credit guarantee ~ permanenta - continuing guarantee ~ reala - (dr.) corporal security ~ serioasa - trustworthy guarantee ~ solidara - (dr.) joint guarantee/ surety ~ solida - reliable guarantee ~ suplimentara - additional security ~ unica - single guarantee a da ~ - to warrant gara s.f. (railway) station; (SUA) depot ~ de calatori - passenger station ~ de coletarie/mesagerie - parcel/ packet station ~ de frontiera - border/frontier station ~ de marfuri - goods station ~ de tranzit - transit station ~ de triaj - marshalling yard ~ maritima - harbour station ~ terminus - terminal, terminus garderoba s.f. cloakroom; (SUA) checkroom gazs.n. gas ~ Uchefiat - liquefied gas ~ natural - natural gas ~ natural lichefiat - liquefied natural gas ~ petrolier lichefiat - liquefied petroleum gas ~ petrolier lichid - liquid petroleum gas gazdui v.t. to house, to lodge, to accommodate

general adj. 1. general; (global) overall, global 2. (incluzand toate cheltuielile, riscurile etc.) all-in generator adj. generating s.n. generator ~ de venit pasiv - passive income generator geodezie s.f. geodesy, geodetics geografie s.f. geography ~ comerciala - commercial geography ~ economica - economic geography gera v.t. to manage, to run; to administer, to administrate gerant adj. managing gestiona v.t. to administer, to administrate; to manage gestiune s.f. administration; management ~ a activelor - asset management ~ a creditelor - credit management ~ a datelor - data management ~ a datoriei - debt management ~ a inventarului - inventory administration/control ~ a intreprinderii - enterprise management ~ a lichiditatilor - cash management ~ a riscurilor - risk management ~ a stocurilor - stock administration./ control ~ bugetara - budget/budgetary administration ~ economica - economic administration/management ~ financiara - financial management ~ gre§ita - mismanagement ghid s.m. (persoana) guide s.n. guide(book), handbook; (care cuprinde unitatile monetare, de mdsura ale mai multor tari) cambist ~ rutier - roadbook

GHI-GRA 171 ~ turistic - tourist guidebook, traveller's handbook ghiseu s.n. counter, wicket; pay desk/ office; {c.f.) (booking-office) window; (la teatru sau cinematograf) box-office (window) ~ de informatii - information desk girs.n. {andosare) endorsement ~ conditional - qualified endorsement ~ de complezenta - accommodation endorsement ~ in alb - blank endorsement gira v.t. 1. (a andosd) to endorse 2. (a garanta) to warrant, to guarantee girant s.m. (andosant, andosator) endorser giratar^.m. (andosatar) endorsee global adj. global, total, aggregate, gross, overall; {despre preturi, cheltuieli) overhead; all-round/-in globalizare s.f. globalisation glont s.n. (imprumut rambursat intr-o singurd transd la sfdrsitui perioadei scadente) bullet gol s.n. {spatiu gol, vid) emptiness, void ~ de productie - idle/slack time, bottleneck gospodar adj. (econom) thrifty s.m. 1. householder 2. (bun administrator) good manager gospodari v.t. (a conduce, a admi-nistrd) to manage, to administer v.i. to keep house, to manage a household v.r. to set up house gospodarie s.f. 1. household 2. {menaj) housekeeping; menage 3. {administrate, administrare) husbandry ~ agricola - homestead ~ agricola colectiva - collective farm ~ agricola de stat - state farm

~ comunala/municipala - communal husbandry, town management, utility ~ individuals - individual farm gospodina s.f. housekeeper grad s.n. 1. (in matematicd, tehnicd etc.) degree 2. (rang) rank, degree 3. (de apreciere) extent, rate, level ~ de avarie - extent of the damage ~ de fiscalitate - taxation degree ~ de folosire a fortei de munca - rate of work ~ de tranzactionare - {bur., fin.) marketability ~ de uzura - rate of wear grafic s.n. diagram, graph, chart, schedule ~ al pragului de rentabilitate - breakeven chart, profitgraph ~ al cererii - demand schedule ~ cu baloane - {in care societdtile sau produsele sunt reprezentate prin cercuri/baloane proportionale ca

mdrime cu puterea competitivd ca exprimatd prin volumul vdnzdrilor, active sau cota depiatd) bubble chart ~ de incarcare - diagram of loading ~ de operatii - operation chart ~ de prioritate - priority schedule ~ de transport - {mar.) shipping schedule granita s.f. border, frontier gratificatie s.f. bonus, bounty gratis adv. gratis, without payment, free of charge gratuit adj. gratuitous, gratis, chargeless, costless, free (of charge), for free, at no charge adv. gratuitously gratuitate s.f. gratuitousness gramada s.f. {vrac) bulk grane s.f. pi. grain, corn; {cereale) cereals

172 GRA-GRE grau s.n. wheat; grain, corn grefa s.f. (dr.) office of the clerk of the court, clerk of the court's office, record office grefier s.m. (dr.) clerk of the court, recorder greseala s.f. mistake; (eroare) error ~ de copiere - clerical error ~ de tipar - printer's error greutate s.f. weight; (sarcind) burden; (incdrcdturd) load ~ a carcasei/a animalului taiat si curatat - carcass weight ~ a caricului - cargo/shipping weight ~ a lotului de marfa - weight of parcel ~ a marfii descarcate - land/landed/ landing weight ~ a marfii in vrac - bulk weight ~ a marfii incarcate - loaded weight ~ a navei goale - (mar.) light displacement/weight, light ship/vessel, lightweight tonnage, unloaded displacement ~ bruta - (marfa cu ambalaj) gross/tare weight ~ consemnata in warant - warrant weight ~ cu ambalaj - packed weight ~ de sacrificare - slaughter weight ~ descarcata/predata - outturn weight ~ estimata - estimated weight ~ estimata a ambalajului - estimated tare ~ -etalon - standard of weight, test weight ~ excedentara - overweight ~ in livre - poundage ~ in minus - (la predare) short weight ~ incarcata - (mar.) shipped weight ~ legala a tarei - legal tare ~ maxima - all-up weight

~ moarta - (care nu aduce navlii) {mar.) deadweight ~ monetara - nummary weight ~ netaxata - weight allowed free ~ neta - net weight ~ neta a caricului descarcat - (mar.) outturn (weight) ~ neta a tarei - net tare ~ neta efectiva/reala - net net weight ~ predata - delivered weight ~ proprie - (a unui vehicul, a unei nave) deadweight ~ proprie/fara incarcatura - weight empty, sole weight ~ reala a tarei - clear/real tare ~ specifica - specific gravity ~ stabilita de incarcator - (mar.) shipper's weight ~ sub cea normala/permisa - underweight ~ suplimentara - extra weight ~ si continut necunoscute - (mentiune intr-un conosament) (mar.) weight and content unknown ~ totala - total weight ~ unitara - unit weight ~ utila - useful weight ~ uzuala a tarei - usual tare ~ , valoare si continut necunoscute - {mentiune intr-un conosament) {mar.) weight, value and content unknown ~ vie — (a animalului inainte de tdiere) live weight ~ volumetrica - weight by volume, bulk density greva v.i. (dr.) to encumber, to burden greva s.f. strike, work stoppage, suspension of work, walkout; industrial action ~ a consumatorilor - consumer strike ~ a cumparatorilor - buyers' strike

GRE-GUV 173

~ a foamei - hunger strike ~ autorizata - official strike ~ de avertisment - warning/token strike ~ de delimitare - (grevd cauzatd de conflictui apdrut intre sindicate cu privire la ce categoric de muncitori ar trebui sd execute anumite tipuri de lucrdri) (SUA) jurisdictional strike ~ de protest - protest strike ~ Ae siAiAaritate - sympathetic striKe ~ -fulger/spontana - lightning strike ~ generala - general strike ~ italiana/la locul de munca - sit--down/-in strike ~ neautorizata - unofficial strike; (de sindicaf} wildcat strike ~ patronala — (inchiderea fabricii de cdtre patronat pe o anumitd perioadd pentru a nu satisface revendicdrile salariatilor) lockout ~ perlata - go-slow (strike) a chema la ~ - to call out a declara ~ - to call a strike a face ~ - to (go on) strike, to walk out, to stop work a fi in ~ - to be on strike a intra in ~ - to come out on strike grevist s.m. striker, work(man) on strike grila s.f. grid; scale ~ de aprovizionare - (model al acti-vitdtii de aprovizionare industrials) buygrid ~ de salarizare - pay/salary scale

~ manageriala - (sistem de evaluare a competentei manageriale) managerial grid grup s.n. 1. group; cluster 2. (cere de persoane cu interese economice comune sustinute pe cdi ilegale) ring ~ de activitati analoage -job family ~ de brokeri neoficiali - coulisse ~ de interese - (economice) vested interests; (corporatie, grup de oameni ae afaceri care soYicita faciYitdfi, mdeosebi de naturd legislativa} special interest ~ de presiune - lobby ~ de studiere a cerintelor consu-matorilor - aspirational group ~ socioeconomic - socioeconomic grade ~ strategic - (grup de societdti cu pondere importantd in cadrul unei industrii care urmeazd o strategic comuna) strategic group grupa s.f. group; (categoric de salarizare, impozitare} bracket ~ de venituri - income group guler-s-./i. collar gulere albastre - (muncitorii manuali/ industrial!) blue-collar workers ~ albe - (clasa de mijioc din societdtile industriale avansate) white-collar workers guvern s.n. government guverna v.i. to govern ~ prost - to misgovern guvernator^.w. governor ~ general - governor general

H hala s.f. 1. hall 2. (in piatd) market house/hall, covered market ~ de carne - meat market ~ de legume - vegetable market ~ de pe§te - fish market ~ de vechituri - second-hand market hamal s.m. 1. porter 2. (mar.) stevedore, longshoreman han s.n. inn hangar s.n. shed; (pentru avioane) hangar ~ pentru depozitare temporara - shed for short storage ~ pentru marfuri de export - export sheed; (mar.) shipping shed ~ pentru marfuri in tranzit - transit shed, shed for passing goods ~ portuar - dock/port shed ~ portuar de marfuri - freight shed hangiu s.m. innkeeper harta s.f. map; chart ~ cadastrala - cadastral map ~ geografica - geographical map ~ marina - sea/nautical chart hazard s.n. hazard; (rise) risk ~ moral - (comportament necinstit sau neglijentd a persoanelor care nu suportd costurile actelor lor, situatie generatd de existenta unei asigurdri etc.) moral hazard hartie s.f. paper ~ de ambalaj/impachetat - pack/ packing/wrapping paper ~ de scrisori - note/letter paper ~ de tipar - printing paper ~ de ziar - news paper ~ indigo/carbon - copy paper

~ -moneda - paper money ~ pentru emisiuni de valoa bancnote - security paper ~ timbrata - stamped paper ~ velina - (wire-) wove paper hartii de valoare - (fin.) securities hebdomadar adj. weei hebdomadal, hebdomadary s.n. WE (magazine) hectare./!, hectare hedging s.n. (operatiune de cone carare a riscurilor ce pot decurge < fluctuatiile cursurilor la bursele marfuri, din variatiile preturilor tranzactiile de comerf exterior sau i cursurilor de schimb) (bur., hedging ~ realizat prin cumpararea contracte futures - long hedging ~ valutar - currency hedging hidrocentrala s.f. hydroelec (power)' plant/station, water-pos plant hidrofil adj. (despre unele mdrf hydrophilic, water-retaining hidrofob adj. hydrophobic, wa /moisture-repellent hidrotghmca s.f. hJdrotechnics hiperinflatie s.f. hyperinflat runaway inflation holding s. n. holding (company) horticultor^.m. horticulturist horticultura s.f. horticulture hotarare s.f. (decizie) decision; (ora order; (decret) decree; (judeca r eased) judg(e)ment, sentec (arbitrald) award

HOT-HOV

~ a administratiei locale - by(e)-law ~ judecatoreasca - judg(e)ment, sentence ~ judecatoreasca de declarare in stare de faliment - decree in bankruptcy, adjudication order ~ judecatoreasca de lichidare - winding-up order ~ judecatoreasca de scoatere de sub sechestru - replevin ~ judecatoreasca definitiva - judg(e)ment absolute ~ judecatoreasca executorie - enforceable judg(e)ment ~ judecatoreasca in contumacie - judg(e)ment in absence

175

hotart v.t. (dr.) to decide, to rule; (o penalitate, o plata) to award ~ asupra unei spete - {dr.) to deal with a case ~ in fond - (dr.) to decide on the merits of the case hotels./?, hotel ~ -pensiune - residential hotel hotelier adj. hotel... s.m. {proprietor sau director al unui hotel) hotelkeeper, hotelman hovercraft s.n. (aeroglisor, nava pe pernd de aer) hovercraft, air-cushion ship/vessel ~ costier - coaster hovercraft ~ pentru pasageri - passenger hovercraft

I iard s.n. (unitate de masurd pentru lungime) yard identificare s.f. identification ~ automata - (a unui produs) automatic identification identitate s.f. identity ~ a corporatiei - (man.) corporate identity ~ falsa — (pentru incasarea unui cec) false pretences ieftin adj. cheap, inexpensive ieftinatate s.f. cheapness, inexpensiveness ieftini v.t. to reduce/to diminish the price ofv.r. to fall in price, to come/to go down ierarhic adj. hierarchical adv. hierarchically, through the usual channels ierarhie s.f. hierarchy; levels of authority, chain of command ierarhizare s.f. (a posturilor in functie de competenta cerutd si salarizarea corespunzdtoare) grading igiena s.f. hygiene igiena muncii - industrial health/ hygiene ignorat adj. (despre actiuni puse in vdnzare) neglected ilegal adj. illegal, unlawful, illicit adv. illegally, unlawfully ilegalitate s.f. 1. (caracter ilegal) illegality, unlawfulness 2. (act) unlawful act; secret/underground activity ilicit adj. illicit, illegal, unlawful adv. illicitly

iluzie s.f. illusion ~ monetara - (ideea falsa cd banii avea o putere fixd de cumpdrc tendinta de a ignora modifies valorii banilor din cauza inflatiei sa deflatiei) money illusion imagine s.f. 1. image 2. (imprimatur monedd, marcd) mintage ~ a corporatiei - (man.) corpc image ~ a marcii - brand(ed) image imigra v.i. to immigrate imigrant.s'.w. immigrant imobil s.n. house; (cladire) build (cu teren, instalatii) premises ~ comercial - business premises ~ cu locuinte - collective housing imobiliar adj. real, immovable imobiliza v.t. (un capital) immobilize, to tie up, to lock away.1 impact s. n. impact ~ al impozitului - tax impact impar adj. odd imperialism^.?!, imperialism ~ economic - economic imperialism implementa v.t. to implement implicare s.f. (a unui cumpdrdtor luarea unei decizii atunci cdnd c. zitioneazd un produs) involvement import s. n. import; importation ~ cu scutire de taxe vamale --free importation ~ global - total import ~ interzis - prohibited import ~ masiv - heavy import importuri invizibile - (import servicii) invisible imports

IMP-IMP 177 ~ paralele - (de produse cu preturi mai scdzute decdt cele din propria tard) parallel imports ~ vizibile - (import de mdrfuri) visible imports importa v.t. to import importator s.m. importer ~ independent - independent importer impostura s.f. (pentru incasarea unui cec) false pretences impozabil adj. taxable, leviable; (despre o proprietate) rat(e)able, assessable; (referitor la taxele vamale etc.) dutiable; (referitor la accize) excisable; (referitor la taxele rutiere, taxele percepute in piete, targuri etc.) tollable impozit s.n. tax, duty, impost, contribution; (taxa rutierd, impozit perceput in piete, targuri etc.) toll ~ amanat - deferred tax ~ anual - (pe proprietate) reprises ~ ascuns/indirect - hidden tax ~ asupra prelucrarii industriale a produselor - processing tax ~ auto - (mai ales la masinile de import) car tax ~ conform categoriei de impunere - schedule(d) tax ~ degresiv - degressive tax ~ direct - direct tax ~ echitabil - equitable tax ~ extraordinar - emergency tax ~ fiscal/pe timbru - stamp duty ~ funciar - land/ground tax ~ global/forfetar - lump-sum tax ~ imobiliar - real estate tax ~ indirect - indirect tax ~ local/municipal - council/local/ municipal tax

~ negativ - (transfer de venit, de la cei bogati la cei sdraci, in vederea garan- tdrii unui venit minim acestora din urmd) negative income tax ~ pe avere - wealth tax ~ pe cap de locuitor - capitation(tax), head/poll tax ~ pe capital - capital tax, tax on capital ~ pe ca§tigul de capital - capital gains tax ~ pe chirii - rent tax ~ pe cifra de afaceri - turnover tax, tax on turnover ~ pe circulatia marfurilor - (perceput in jiecare etapd a procesului de distribute) sales/tumover/transactions/ cascade tax ~ pe consuin - consumption/ expenditure tax, tax on consumption ~ pe dividende - dividend tax ~ pe dobanda - interest tax ~ pe donatie - donation/gift duty ~ pe incasari - receipts tax ~ pe lux - luxury tax ~ pe profit - profit/revenue tax; (SUA) corporate/corporation tax ~ pe profitui excedentar nedistribuit - (impozit pe dividendele nedistribuite primite de o societate de investitii financiare) excess retention tax ~ pe proprietate - property tax ~ pe salarii - salary tax ~ pe supraprofit - excess profits tax, supertax ~ pe unitate/unitar - unit tax ~ pe venit - income tax; (SUA) federal income tax ~ pe venitui global - total income tax ~ pe venitui personal - personal income tax

178 ~ progresiv - progressive tax ~ proportional cu venitui - graduated income tax ~ regresiv - regressive tax ~ represiv - (pentru franarea inves- titiilsr, a consumului) repressive tax ~ restant - (5' UA) delinquent tax ~ retinut la sursa - withholding tax ~ succesoral/pe mostenire - inheritance tax, succession duty, estate duty/tax ~ unic — single tax ~ uniform - flat tax impozite de asigurari sociale - social security taxes ~ si taxe - taxes and dues impozita v.t. to tax; to levy taxes on impozitare s.f. taxation ~ la sursa a venitului - (din salami) pay as you earn ~ multipla/dubia - multiple taxation ~ proportionala cu posibilitatea de a plati - ability-to-pay taxation impresar^./n. impresario imprima v.t. 1. (a tipdri) to print 2. (tesaturi) to (im)print; (prin apdsare cu sigiliul, stampild) to emboss imprimat adj. printed s.n. print; (formular) form pi. printed works, print matter/paper imprimerie s.f. 1. printing office/ works/house 2. (de tesaturi) printery impune v.t. 1. to impose: (o sarcina) to assign 2. (fiscal) to tax; (o proprietate) to rate, to assess; (plata accizelor) to excise ~ excesiv - to overtax impunere s.f. 1. imposing; (a unei sarcini) assignment 2. (fiscala) taxation; (a unei proprietdti) rating, assessment

~ excesiva - overtaxation ~ nejustificata - exaction ~ pe piata de catre consumatori - unui produs} consumer pullthrough ~ proportionala cu venitui graduated taxation imputa v.t. (bani) to deduct... (frc to charge imputare s.f. (in bani) charge imunitate s.f. immunity ~ diplomatics - diplomatic privilege ~ fiscala - tax franchise ~ parlamentara - parliamenta immunity ~ vamala - duty-free import imunizare s.f. (procesul de stabilire{ mentinere a unei duratii egale la acfl| si pasive in vederea reducerii rise ratei dobanzil) (fin.) immunization inactiv adj. inactive; (stagnant) (neproductiv) dormant; (nefolosit) unemployed; (despre o piata) sluggish; (fdrd tranzactii) (bur.) list inactivitate s.f. inactivity; (stagn dullness inalienabil adj. inalien< unassignable inamovibil adj. irremovable inamovibilitate s.f. irremovability inaugura v.t. to inaugurate; deschide) to open incapacitate s.f. 1. (de mu. disability; (invaliditate) inval 2. (juridica) disability; (legald) (If, incapacity ~ de a actiona in justitie - disabilit sue ~ de a mcheia contracte - disabilit enter into contracts ~ de a mstraina o proprietat disability to alienate property

INC-IND 179

~ de munca permanenta §i totala - total permanent incapacity ~ de plata a datoriilor - inability to pay debts ~ temporara de munca - temporary disability incaso s.n. collection of payments ~ documentar - (pperatiune de incasare efectuatd de banca exportatorului la dispozitia acestuid) documentary collection incendiere s.f. setting on fire ~ premeditata - (asig.) arson incendiu s.n. 1. fire 2. (provocat) (asig.) arson incertitudine s.f. (situatie in care rezultatele unei decizii nu sunt sigure) uncertainty include v.t. 1. to include, to add in, to comprise, to contain; (intr-un plic) to enclose; (a inserd) to insert 2. (costut) to figure in inclusiv adj. (despre preturi, tarife) inclusive (of) adv. inclusive; inclusively; included ~ cheltuielile - charges included ~ toate cheltuielile - inclusive of all charges incorporal adj. (dr.) incorporeal inculpa v.t. to indict, to charge, to inculpate indemniza v.t. to indemnify, to requite indemnizatie s.f. (despdgubire) indemnity, compensation; (alocatie) allowance, benefit, pay; (de drum etc.} pay, allowance ~ de boala - sick allowance/benefit/ pay, statutory sick pay, sickness benefit ~ de celeritate - (mar.) dispatch money

~ de concediere - dismissal compensation/pay/wage, terminal wages ~ de concediu - vacation allowance, holiday pay ~ de deces — (platibild in caz de deces) (asig.) death benefit ~ de deplasare - (in interes de serviciu) travel/travelling allowance, subsistence allowance/money; (acordatd martorilor intr-un proces) conduct money; (pe numdr de mile) mileage ~ de formare/pregatire - training allowance ~ de greva - strike benefit/pay ~ de munca in strainatate - foreign allowance ~ de reprezentare - entertainment allowance ~ de §omaj - dole ~ familiala - family allowance ~ parlamentara - member's emoluments ~ pentru cointeresare/stimulare - (acordatd conducerii unei societdti) (man.) enabling/goodwill payment ~ pentru cre§terea preturilor - deamess allowance ~ pentru incapacitate de munca - disability benefit ~ pentru persoane tntretinute de salariat - dependants' benefit ~ personala - personal allowance - speciala - perquisite independenta s.f. independence ~ economica — (economic) self- -sufficiency indescifrabil adj. undecipherable, indecipherable; (ilizibil) illegible indexare s.f. indexation

180 IND-IND indicator s. n. indicator; index ~ al strazilor - street directory ~ al variatiilor sezoniere - index adjusted for seasonal variations, index adjusted seasonally ~ de cale ferata - railway indicator/ pole indicatori economici - economic indicators ~ financtari - financial indicators indice s.m. index ~ al costului vietii - cost-of-living index ~ al preturilor - price index ~ al preturilor de consum - (indicele preturilor cu amdnuntuJ) consumer price index, index of retail prices ~ al preturilor producatorilor - producer price index ~ al salariilor - wages index ~ bursier/al cursului actiunilor - share index ~ corectat - rectified index ~ de cantitate - quantity/volume index ~ de dezvoltare a marcii - (care aratd mdsura in care un produs pdtrunde pe diferite zone ale unei piete) brand development index ~ de lichiditate - (fin.) liquidity ratio ~ de solvabilitate - (fin.) solvency ratio ~ de uzura - wear index ~ financiar - financial ratio ~ general al preturilor - general price index ~ individual al preturilor - individual price index ~ sintetic al preturilor - aggregate price index indici ponderati - weighted in^ es

individual adj. 1. individual; (personal) personal 2. (dr.) several indiviz adj. (dr.) undivided, joint indiviziune s.f. (dr.) joint ownership/ tenancy industrial adj. industrial industrialism s.n. industrialism industrializa v.t. to industrialize industrial 5. m. industrialist industrie s.f. industry industria alimentara - food industry ~ casnica/artizanala - home/cottage/ family industry ~ cauciucului - the rubber industry ~ ceramica - pottery industry ~ chimica - chemical industry ~ conservelor - packing industry ~ constructiilor de masini — mechanical engineering/machine building (industry) ~ de automobile - car/automotive industry ~ de prelucrare a lemnului -woodworking industry ~ distractiilor/spectacolelor -amusement industry ~ editorials - publishing industry ~ extractive - extractive industry ~ fbrestiera - forest/timber/wood industry ;, ~ frigului - refrigerating industry, cold! storage trade • ~ grea - heavy industry | ~ hartiei - paper industry | • ~ hoteliera - hotel industry/trade |

metalurgica - metallurgic(,-

industry ~ miniera - mining industry ~ otelului - steel industry ~ petroliera - oil/petroleum industry ~ poligrafica - printing industry

IND-INF 181 ~ prelucratoare - process/processing/ manufacturing industry ~ primara — (care extrage si adund resursele naturale prin activitdti cum ar fi mineritui, agricultura etc.) primary industry ~ secundara - {care utilizeazd resursele industriei primare) secondary industry ~ spectacolelor - show business ~ tertiara/serviciilor - tertiary/service industry ~ textila - textile industry ~ timpului liber - leisure industry ~ transporturilor - carrying trade ~ turistica - tourist trade ~ u$oara - light industry ~ viticola - wine industry industrie-cheie/de baza - key industry ~ cu investitii man pe unitatea de produs - capital-intensive industry ~ cu perspective de dezvoltare -growth industry ~ locala - local industry ~ meste$ugareasca - handicraft industry ~ noua - infant industry ~ principals - staple industry ~ protejata - (impotriva concurentei strdine) sheltered industry ~ subvenfionata - subsidized industry industrii conexe - related industries inertie s.f. inertia ~ industrials - (dezinteresul unor proprietari de intreprinderi indtistriale de a-si muta societdtile in alte locuri mai propice desfdsurdrii activitdtii) industrial inertia inexigibil adj. inexigible, undue, not due

inferior adj. (despre calitate) low, poor; (despre metale etc.) base inflatie s.f. inflation ~ anticipata - forestalled inflation ~ ascunsa/mascata - hidden inflation ~ controlata - pent-up inflation ~ de crestere - (situatie in care inflatia, in anumite conditii si pro- portii, poate contribui la cresterea economica) growth inflation ~ de penurie - (cdnd oferta insu- ficientd exercitd presiuni de mdrire a preturilor) shortage inflation, short squeeze ~ galopanta - hyperinflation, runaway inflation ~ lenta/taratoare - creeping inflation ~ prin cerere - (cauzatd de cresterea cererii agregate fata de oferta agregata) demand-induced/-pull inflation ~ prin costuri — (cauzatd de cresterea costurilor de productie independent de cererea agregata) cost-push inflation ~ prin moneda - (cauzatd de emisiuni monetare excesive) money supply inflation ~ structurala - structural inflation ~ suprimata - suppressed inflation inflationism s. n. inflationism inflationist adj. inflationary s.m. (adept al inflationismului) inflationist influenta s.f. influence ~ ilegala — (presiune exercitatd pentru semnarea unui contract) (dr.) undue influence informatica s.f informatics ~ de gestiune - business/administrative data processing informatie s.f. information ~ ascunsa — (forma de manifestare a hazardului moral intr-o relatie

182 1NF-INS contractuald incompletd) hidden information ~ asimetrica - (cu distribute inegald intre participantii la o tranzactie) asymmetric information ~ economica - economic information infractiune s.f. offence, malfeasance, breaking/infringement of the law, transgression infrastructura s.f. infrastructure; social (overhead) capital inginer s.m. engineer ~ agronom - agricultural engineer, agronomist ~ constructor - civil engineer ~ consultant - consulting engineer ~ de constructii navale - naval architect ~ de exploatare - operating/works engineer ~ de poduri si sosele - government civil engineer ~ electrician - electrical engineer ~ mecanic - mechanical engineer ~ minier - mining engineer ~ silvic - silvicultural/forestry expert ~ -sef- chief engineer ~ tehnolog - process engineer inginerie s.f. engineering ~ financiara - financial engineering ~ tehnica - engineering insolvabil adj. insolvent insolvabilitate s.f, insolvency inspecta v.;. to inspect, to survey, to examine inspector s.m. inspector, surveyor, (inspection) officer ~ de asigurari - (in sectorul asigurdrilor pentru accidente si incendii) insurance surveyor

~ de credite - credit officer, loan administrator/officer ~ de registru/clasificare - (mar.} (classification) surveyor, ship's/marine; maritime surveyor ~ de tonaj - (mar.) tonnage ga(u)ging surveyor ~ financiar - tax inspector, inspector of taxes ~ general - inspector general ~ sanitar - officer of health, sanitary inspector ~ silvic - forester ~ vamal - customs inspector/surveyor ~ vamal maritim -jerquer ~ vamal terestru - land waiter inspectorate, n. inspectorate ~ maritim - marine board inspectie s.f. inspection, survey, examination ~ de clasificare — (a registrului naval) survey classification ~ tehnica - technical inspection/survey ~ vamala - customs inspection/survey instabil adj. unstable; (despre piata bursierd) volatile; (fluctuant) wide instabilitate s.f. instability; (fluctuatie) unsteadiness ~ politica - political uncertainty instalatie s.f. installation; equipment, outfit; plant ~ de apa - plumbing ~ de iluminat - illumination plant ~ de operat cereale - (mar.) bulk grain-handling appliance ~ de operat marfuri in vrac - (mar.) bulk cargo handling facility ~ de punte - (mar.) deck gear ~ frigorifica - refrigerating/cold--storage plant, freezer ~ in aer liber/deschisa - outdoor plant

INS-INT 183

~ sanitara - sanitary installation instalatii de santier - site facilities ~ portuare - harbour/port facilities ~ portuare de operare - (incdrcare, descdrcare) shipping facilities instanta s.f. (dr.') instance, law court, court (of justice) ~ civila - civil court ~ penala - criminal court institui v.t. to institute, to set up, to establish ~ retentie asupra - to put a lien on ~ un embargo - to embargo, to lay an embargo institute. institute ~ de cercetari - research institute • ~ de proiectare - design institute institutie s.f. institution, establishment ~ bugetara - budgetary institution ~ de binefacere - charity/benevolent/ philanthropic institution ~ de stat - public office ~ mandatata - corporate trustee institutional adj. institutional institutionalism s.n. institutionalism instructiune s.f. instruction, direction, order instructiuni ale armatorului - (mar.) shipowner's directions ~ de asigurare - insurance instructions ~ de exploatare - working instructions ~ de folosire - service instructions ~ de virare din cont curent in cont de depozit - (sau invers) bank sweep arrangements ~ tehnice - engineer regulations instrui v.t. to instruct; to train instruire s.f. instruction; training ~ in cadrul intreprinderii - training within industry, in-house training

instrument s.n. 1. instrument; (unealta) tool, implement; (dispozitiv) device 2. (act juridic) (legal) instrument d~ de plata - instrument of payment ~ financiar/de credit - credit instrument ~ incomplet de plata - {cambia) inchoate instrument ~ monetar - monetary instrument instrumente de control - inspection tools ~ negociabile - (fin.) negotiable instruments/securities, trad(e)able instruments insuficient adj. insufficient, deficient, scarce, short; (despre stocuri, rezerve) low; (despre bani, capitaluri) stringent integrare s.f. integration ~ economics - economic integration ~ orizontala - (fuziunea organizatiilor in aceeasi companie, Qpusd integrdrii verticale) horizontal/lateral integration ~ sociala - social integration ~ verticals - (integrarea productiei cu sursele de aprovizionare si cu pietele de desfacere) vertical integration intensitate s.f. intensity ~ a capitalului - (yaloarea activelor necesare pentru a produce un dolar de vdnzdri) capital intensity interdictie s.f. interdiction, forbiddance, ban, prohibition ~ a importului - import ban/ prohibition ~ de a executa ore suplimentare - overtime ban interes s. n. interest ~ asigurabil - insurable interest ~ public - public interest

184 interimar adj. temporary, provisional, acting, ad interim mterimats.n. interim interior adj. internal, interior, inner s.n. 1. interior, inside 2. (al unui stat) inland, interior; (tard) home intermediar adj. intermediate, intermediary s.m. intermediate, intermediary, agent, middleman, factor, go-between, bargain maker ~ al fuziunii - merger broker ~ de schimburi valutare - exchange jobber ~ financiar - financial intermediary ~ in comertui angro - full-function wholesaler ~ in comertui cu marfuri - produce broker a fi ~ - to intermediate; (intre) to deal (between) intermediere s.f. intermediation; (a unei afaceri, a unei tranzactif) factorage ~ bursiera - stockjobbery, stockjobbing ~ financiara - financial intermediation interministerial adj. interdepartmental intern adj. internal; domestic, home interstatal adj. interstate interveni v.i. to intervene interventie s.f. (a statului in economic, a bdncii centrale pe piata financiar- -bancard etc.) intervention ~ a statului - state/government interference ~ bancara - (pentru sustinerea cursului). banking support interventionist s.m. (adept al interventiei statului in economic) interventionist intervieva v.t. to interview

interviu s.n. interview ~ nedirijat/nestandardizat - informal interview ~ prin telefon - telephone interview interzice v.t. to forbid, to interdict, to prohibit, to ban interzicere s.f. forbiddance, interdiction, prohibition, ban intraprenoriat s.n. (promo varea call- | tdtilor de antreprenor in interiond \ marilor companii) intrapreneurship | intrare s.f. 1. entering; entrance 2. (is posesie) (dr.) entry, entrance 3. (inregistrare in cont) (cont.) entry ~ in functie - assumption of an office, taking up duties ~ in posesie - (dr.) entry, entrance ~ in posesie prin fbrta - (dr.) forcible entry ~ in vigoare - coming into force/effect introduce v.t. to introduce; (a insera} to insert; (marfuri, propuneri etc.) ttt bring in; (o clauza) to put in inunda v.t. 1. to flood, to inundate 2. (piata cu o marfd) to glut invalida v.t. (dr.) to invalidate invaliditate s.f. invalidity, disability; disablement ~ totala - complete disability inventar s.n. inventory, stocktaking (lista) list, bill, schedule ~ agricol - agricultural implements ~ continuu - continuous inventory ~ de lada - packing list/note/sheet/sUj ~ fizic - physical inventory ~ mort - (utilaje si constr agricole) deadstock ~ pe stocuri - lot-size inventory ~ periodic - (cont.) periodic inventory ~ permanent - (mentinut la zi) (con perpetual inventory

1NV-IPO 185 ~ viu - (septel) livestock a face un ~ - to inventory, to draw up an inventory, to take stock of an inventory inventaria v. t. to inventory investi v.t. to invest; (a plasa) to place, to vest, to put out ~ excesiv - to overinvest investitor^.w. investor ~ institutional - (organisme care dispun de resurse importante, care procedeazd in mod regulat la investitii si care gestioneazd portofolii de man dimensiuni, precum companiile de asigurdri, fondurile de pensii si investitii, handle) institutional investors ~ mare - (investitor strategic) big investor ~ mic - small investor investitie s.f. investment; (plasament) placement, placing ~ aducatoare de profit - (constant si sigur) true investment ~ autonoma - (cheltuieli de investitie care nu sunt induse de modificdri ale nivelului productiei, ci sunt realizate pentru dezvoltarea infrastructurii) autonomous investment ~ bruta - gross investment ~ comerciala - (investitia uneifirme in actiunile unei companii din acelasi sector de activitate cu eel al investitorului) trade investment ~ comunitara/obsteasca - community investment ~ cu rise scazut - conservative investment ~ de capital - capital investment ~ directa - direct investment ~ etica - ethical investment ~ excesiva - overinvestment ~ externa - foreign investment

~ financiara - financial investment ~ fixa - (in infrastructura) fixed investment ~ involuntara - (in stocuri de mar/a, cauzatd de productia pe stoc) involuntary investment ~ in obiecte de valoare - non-monetary investment ~ in strainatate - international/ overseas investment ~ necorespunzatoare - unsuitability ~ negativa - disinvestment, negative investment ~ neta - net investment ~ pe termen lung - long-term investment, lockaway, lockup ~ planificata - planned investment ~ privata - private investment ~ productiva - productive investment ~ publica/de stat - public/government investment ~ sigura - safe investment ~ straina - foreign investment ~ straina directa - foreign direct investment investitii de portofoliu - portfolio investments ~ induse - (termen care desemneazd investitiile realizate pentru satisfacerea cresteru constatate sou estimate a cererii de bunuri economice) induced/ passive investments ~ speculative - speculative investments ipoteca v.t. to mortgage, to hypothecate; (a gaja) to pledge ipotecar adj. hypothecary a fi obligat ~ - to be bound by mortgage ipotecare s.f. mortgage, mortgaging, hypothecation; (go/are) pledging ipoteca s.f. mortgage, hypothec; (gaj) pledge

186 IPO-IZV ~ aeronautica - aircraft mortgage ~ asiguratorie - endowment mortgage ~ contributiva/colectiva - (ipoteca data unui singur creditor, alcdtuitd prin contributiile mai muhor persoane) contributory mortgage ~ cu amortizare graduala/progresiva - graduated payment mortgage ~ cu dobanda variabila - adjustable/ variable rate mortgage ~ cu termen scurt de rambursare -quick-pay mortgage ~ de prim rang - (creantd garantatd printr-o ipoteca imobiliard fdrd rang anterior) first mortgage ~ de rang inferior - (ipoteca precedatd de unul sau mai multe ranguri) junior mortgage ~ de rangul doi - (creantd garantatd printr-o ipoteca imobiliard de rang posterior care se adaugd la ipoteca de prim rang) second mortgage ~ deschisa — (a caret sumd poate fi mdrita) open mortgage ~ echitabila - (ipoteca neinscrisd pentru garantarea unui credit) equitable mortgage ~ generala/totala - blanket mortgage ~ globala - (care inlocuieste tin numdr de ipoteci existente) blanket mortgage

~ imobiliara - residential mortgage ~ in bani - capital mortgage ~ invaluitoare - (ipoteca secundara) mortgage wraparound ~ judiciara - mortgage by order of the court ~ legala - legal mortgage ~ maritima/navala - maritime/ ship mortgage ~ maximala - (ipoteca constituitd pentru o creantd nedeterminata) maximum sum mortgage ~ mobiliara - chattel mortgage ~ preferentiala - senior mortgage ~ prin inchiriere - (SUA) leasehold mortgage ~ principals - head mortgage a face o ~ - to mortgage, to raise a mortgage a greva un bun cu o ~ - to encumber an estate with mortgage irosi v.t. to squander, to waste istorie s.f. history ~ economica - economic history itinerar s.n. itinerary, route, way; (maritim sau aviatic) lane ~ turistic - tourist itinerary izvor s.n. spring ~ de ape minerale - spa

/\ imbarca v.t. 1. (mar.) (persoane) to embark; (marfuri) to ship, to take aboard, to haul on board 2. (in tren) to entrain 3. (in avion) to enplane v.r. 1. (mar.) to embark, to go aboard a ship 2. (;>2 tren) to entrain 3. (f?i avion) to enplane imbarcare ,?./ 1. (mar.) (de persoane) embarkation, embarkment; (de marfuri) shipment, shipping (of goods) 2. (in tren) entraining 2. (in avion) enplaning ~ de balast - (mar.) ballastage imbogati v.t. to make rich/wealthy, to enrich v.r. to enrich oneself, to get/to grow rich a se ~ rapid/peste noapte - to strike it rich imbogatire s.f. enrichment, enriching, money-making imbracaminte s.f. clothes, clothing, wear, (wearing) apparel ~ de protectie - protective clothing imbunatati v.t. 1. to improve, to better 2. (a asana/a recupera un teren) to reclaim imbunatatire betterment ~ continua - improvement imbunatatiri funciare - land improvement/betterment, reclamation a face ~ funciare - to reclaim impacheta v.t. to pack (up), to package; (a inveli) to wrap (up) impachetare s.f. package, packing; (invelire) wrapping

impaduri v.t. to afforest, to put (a region) under timber imparti v.t. to share (out), to apportion; (a distribui) to distribute, to give out; (a alocd) to allot; (a parcela) to parcel out; (a defaica, a scinda) to break down; (a repartiza un rise) (asig.) to spread; (scrisori) to deliver; (carftle de joc) to deal out; (pomana) lo dole; (intre) to partition, to divide (among, between); (cifre) (la) to divide (by) impartire s.f. sharing, apportionment, division; (distribute) distribution; (alocare) allotment; (defalcare, scin- dare) breakdown; (repartizare a unui rise) (asig.) spread ~ a pietei - market sharing ~ a timpului de folosire - time sharing impovara v.t. (cu datorii, impozite, responsabilitati) to saddle impovarator adj. (oneros) burdensome tmproprietari v.t. to put in possession of land, to appropriate land to improprietarire s.f. allotment, appropriation, assignment; (reformd agrara) land reform imprumut s.n. loan, accomodation, advance; (credit) credit; (acordat unei

s.f. improvement, (man.)

continuous

intreprinderi care produce pentru stat sau pentru derularea unor servicii publice) imprest ~ bancar - bank advance/loan ~ conditionat/cu clauze restrictive - tied loan ~ consolidat — (credit ipotecar pe termen lung, acordat pentru o perioadd mai mare de 10 ani) permanent loan

188 IMP-IMP ~ contra semnatura - (credit care nu necesitd garantii suplimentare) signature loan ~ cu autolichiditate - (imprumut pentru finantarea activelor curente) self-liquidating loan ~ cu dobanda variabila - (in functie de rata primard a bdncii) floating prime ~ cu garantie - collateral loan, loan against collateral/security ~ de asistenta - aid loan ~ de razboi - war loan ~ de stat - government/public loan ~ de titluri - securities lending ~ extern - foreign/external loan ~ garantat - secured loan ~ garantat cu un stoc - warehouse receipt loan ~ ipotecar - mortgage/real estate loan ~ ipotecar pentru imbunatatiri funciare - development mortgage ~ tn doua valute - (imprumut pe baza de obligatiuni emise in doua valute} dual currency loan ~ la termen - time/term loan ~ maritim - (cu ipotecarea nave!) bottomry; (cu angajarea mdrfii) respondentia ~ negarantat - straight/unsecured/ fiduciary loan ~ nerecuperabil - dead loan ~ obligatar - bond issue/loan ~ pe termen lung - long (-term) loan ~ pe termen scurt - short (-term) loan ~ pentru amortizare - redemption loan ~ pentru masuri provizorii/ temporare - stopgap loan ~ pentru o saptamana - weekly loan/money

~ pentru o zi/de pe o zi pe alta — (acordat caselor de compensate sas agentilor de bursa) daily loan/money, day-to-day loan/money; (acordat agentilor de bursa) street loan ~ pentru tranzactii - (in vederea acoperirii necesarului de fond de • rulment) transaction loan 1 ~ personal - (credit, rambursabil is \ rate lunare, acordat persoanelor fizice, in special salariati, pentru achizi-tionarea de bunuri de consum) personal loan ~ -punte/de legatura - (finantare interimard, imprumut pe termen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent) bridge loan ~ rambursabil in valuta tarii creditoare - hard loan ~ rambursabil la cerere - call/loan demand, money at/on call ~ rambursabil la cerere si cu preaviz - money at call and short notice ~ reciproc - (aranjament financiar prin care doua companii se imprumutd reciproc in vederea operatiilor de export-import) back-to-back-loan ~ sindicalizat - syndicated/ participating loan ~ sintetic - (transformarea unui imprumut cu ratd flotantd intr-unul cu ratdfixd prin folosirea ratelor dobdnzii la termen) synthetic loan a acorda un ~ - to grant a loan a emite un ~ - to issue a loan a face un ~ - to raise/to conclude/to make a loan a lansa un ~ - to float a loan

1MP-INC 189

imprumuta v.t. (a da cu imprumut) to lend; (a lua cu imprumut) to borrow; (bani) to accommodate with ~ cu camata - to lend upon usury imprumutat s.m. (persoand care ia cu imprumut') borrower imputernici v.t. to empower, to commission; (dr.) to warrant; (a delegd) to depute tmputernicire s.f. mandate, trust, commission, power; warrant; (procura) power/warrant of attorney, proxy, deed trust ~ de a semna -signatory power ~ expresa - express trust ~ pasiva — (prin care mandatarul nu are nici o sarcind activa) (dr.) passive/bare/dry trust imputernicit s.m. 1. (mandatar) mandatory, procurator, proxy, attorney (-in-fact) 2. (authorized) agent; (reprezentant) representative inprep. in ~ bransa - in the trade/line ~ calitate de - acting as ~ comision - on commission ~ comun si pentru supravietuitor - (formula dintr-o politd de asigurare de viata) joint and survivorship ~ conditii de linie - (despre o navd) under liner terms ~ cont comun - on joint account ~ contrapartida - (cont.) as per contra ~ contui - for account of ~ contui avariei comune - (asig. mar.) on account of general average ~ contui beneficiarului - (formula pe un cec) account payee ~ contui si pe riscul incarcatorilor - (asig. mar.) on account and risk of shippers

~ drum spre - (mar.) bound for ~ drum spre tara - (mar.) homeward- -bound ~ garantie - (despre mdrfuri pdstrate in antrepozit pdnd la plata taxelor vamale) under bond ~ numerar - in cash ~ plus sau in minus - over or under ~ strainatate - abroad ~ suspensie - (dr.) abeyant ~ termeni reali - in real terms ~ termeni relativi - in relative terms ~ tranzit - in transit ~ vigoare - effective, effectual ~ vigoare de la data - with effect from inainta v.t. 1. (o cerere) to forward, to submit; (o plangere, o reclamatie) to lodge; (a trimite) to send 2. (a promova) to advance, to promote inalt adj. (despre functie, rang) high ~ comisar - high commissioner incadra v.t. 1. (intr-un post) to take smb. on the staff; (cu personal) to staff, to man 2. (intr-o categoric) to grade incadrare s.f. 1. (cu personal) staffing, manning 2. (intr-o categoric) grading ~ flexibila cu personal - flexible manning ~ intr-o categoric de salarizare - labo(u)r grading incasa v.t. (un cec, un mandat postal etc.) to cash, to encash; (impozite) to collect, to raise; (datorii) to recover v.i. (in numerar) to cash, to encash incasare s.f. 1. cashing, encashment; (de impozite) collection, raising; (de datorii) recovery; (a platilor la o ipo-tecd) servicing 2. pi. (sume) receipts, returns, takings, incomings incasari brute/globale - gross receipts ~ din vanzari - sales revenue

190 INC-INC ~ documentare - (serviciu bancar oferit exportatorului, prin care banca aranjeazd ca documentatia de transport sd fie trimisd importatoruhu contra platii mdrfii) documentary collections ~ estimative - estimated receipts ~ fiscale/din impozite - internal revenue, inland revenue/receipts, tax revenue/receipts ~ marunte - petty cash ~ nete - net receipts ~ si cheltuieli - incomings and outgoings, receipts and expenses/ expenditure ~ si plati - receipts and payments ~ totale - total receipts ~ zilnice - daily receipts incasator s.m. collector; payee; (de impozite, agent fiscal) receiver, exacter, exactor ~ de impozite - tax collector incaka v.t. 1. (o proprietate) to trespass (on/upon) 2. (drepturi) to violate; (o lege, un contract etc) to infringe, to break incalcare s.f. 1. (a unei proprietdti) trespassing 2. (de drepturi) violation; (a unei legi, a unui contract) infringement, breach ~ a contractului - breach of contract ~ a drepturilor de brevet - patent infringement ~ a regulamentului - breach of the regulations incarca v.t. 1. to load, to burden; (o nava) to freight, to lade, to ship 2. (la plata) to overcharge incarcare s.f. 1. loading; (a unei nave) freightage, lading, shipment, shipping 2. (la plata) overcharging

~ compacta - (fdrd spatii libere) tight loading ~ in contui armatorului - (mar.) gross terms loading ~ in contui incarcatorului - (mar.) shipper's load and account ~ in vrac - loading in bulk ~ la dana - loading on the berth ~ la rand - turn loading/shipping, loading in turn ~ manuala - hand loading ~ maxima - (pe unitatea de suprafata) maximum load ~ mecanizata - machine loading ~ necorespunzatoare - unsuitable loading/shipping ~ paletizata - unit loading ~ pe slepuri - lighterage ~ per unitate de spatiu - load per unit ~ prin greutatea proprie/moarta - dead load | ~ si pontare in contui incarcatorului - (mar.) shipper's load and tally, load: and tally in shipper's account incarcat adj. (despre nava) laden,! shipped, loaded condition ~ cu balast - loaded with blanks ~ cu marfa usoara/usor - lightl) laden ~ cu marfuri generale - laden wit generals ~ in minus - (fata de cantitatea men tionatd in conosament) short-shipped ~ in stare si conditie aparent bune shipped in apparent good order condition ~ in vrac - laden in bulk ~ pe nava - shipped, waterbome ~ pe punte - (despre anumite mdrfw deck-loaded ~ peste marca - flat-sided, overladen

INC-INC 191 ~ ,,plin si la marca" - full and down condition incarcator s.m. loader, handler; (instalatie) loader, loading installation ~ cu platforma - elevating loader ~ de marfa in vrac - bulk loader ~ de nava - shipper, ship loader ~ hidraulic - hydraulic loader ~ mobil - portable loader ~ si carau§ - shipper and carrier incarcatura s.f. load, loading; burden; (transportatd cu nava, avionul sau autovehiculut) cargo; freight, lade, lading, shipment ~ a navei - shipload, shipment ~ alterabila - perishable cargo ~ ambalata violabila - broachable cargo ~ amestecata - composite/mixed cargo ~ aruncata peste bord - (de pe o nava in pericol, care se scufundd sau este dusa de valuri la mat) jetsam ~ avariata/deteriorata - damaged cargo ~ comerciala - commercial load ~ completa - (a navei) shipfull, shipload, full load ~ congelata - frozen cargo ~ containerizabila - containerizable cargo ~ contain erizata - containerized cargo ~ cu miros specific - (emandnd gaze care contamineazd alte mdrfuri sensibile) odorous cargo ~ cu penalizare - penalty cargo ~ de animale vii - animal load ~ de cabotaj - coasting cargo ~ de cherestea - timber cargo; (SUA) lumber cargo ~ de cherestea pe punte - timber-deck cargo

~ de export - outbound cargo ~ de import - incoming cargo ~ de intoarcere - homeward/inbound cargo ~ de marfuri generale - general cargo ~ de palet - pallet load ~ de petrol/titei - oil/petrol/petroleum cargo ~ de produse albe - clean cargo ~ de produse negre - black/dirty cargo ~ de transportat -, carrying load ~ de tranzit - working cargo; in-transit shipment ~ de umplutura - filler cargo ~ de valoare - valuable cargo ~ de volum/cubaj - measurement cargo ~ expediata - outbound shipment, consignment ~ fluida - fluid cargo ~ grea - deadweight cargo ~ incompleta - underloading ~ inflamabila - inflammable cargo ~ in bale - bale cargo ~ in butoaie - barrel(led) cargo ~ in lazi - case cargo ~ in primejdie - distress cargo ~ in saci - bag(ged) cargo ~ in stare buna - cargo in good condition ~ in vrac - bulk cargo/freight, loose bulk cargo ~ lichida - liquid cargo ~ maxima - ultimate load ~ mixta - composite/mixed cargo ~ neamarata - unsecured cargo ~ nepericuloasa - safe load ~ nerujata - untrimmed cargo ~ neta - net load ~ nociva - noxious cargo ~ paletizata - palletized cargo

192 INC-INC ~ pe punte — (mdrfuri periculoase, cu volum mare, material lemnos) deck cargo/load, shipment on deck ~ pe unitatea de suprafata - unit load ~ periculoasa - dangerous/hazardous cargo ~ permisa - permissible load ~ prafoasa - (ciment, mangal, negru defum etc.) dirty cargo ~ presupusa - assumed cargo ~ prevazuta/prescrisa - specified load ~ rubricata - subject cargo ~ rujata - trimmed cargo ~ salvata - saved cargo, salvage ~ stivuita - stowed cargo ~ transportata cu avionul - air cargo ~ umeda - moist/wet cargo ~ uniforma - uniform cargo ~ urgenta - overtime cargo; rush shipment ~ uscata - dry cargo ~ utila - (care aduce navlu) paying load, payload, pay/useful load tnceta v.t. to cease, to discontinue, to stop; (activitatea; despre o mtreprindere, o unitate economica) to close down; (lucrul) to leave off, to knock off incetare s.f. 1. ceasing, cessation; (a activitdtii; despre o mtreprindere, o unitate economica) closedown 2. (a unei obligatii) (dr.) cesser ~ a obligatiilor contractuale - frustration of contract ~ de plata - default a intra in ~ de plata - to default incetinire s.f. (a ritmului de lucru de catre muncitori, fdrd declansarea efectivd a grevei) slowdown incheia v.t. 1. (p afacere) to conclude, to settle, to clinch, to close with; (un

tdrg) to bargain, to strike 2. (un contract) to contract; (un contract de asigurare maritimd etc.) to underwrite; (un concordat) (dr.) to compound 3. (un bilant contabil) to make up; (un cont) to rule off incheiat adj. (despre socoteli) even inchide v.t. 1. to close, to shut 2. (o mtreprindere) to close/to shut down; (magazinul) to shut up 3. (a tdia gazele, electricitatea etc.) to shut off tnchidere s.f. 1. closing, shutting 2. (a unei intreprinderi) closedown, shutdown, shutting down; (a maga-zinului) shutting up 3. (tdiere a gaze-lor, a electricitdtii etc.) shutting off ~ catre public — (transformarea unei companii publice/deschise intr-una particulard/mchisd) going private ~ pe perioada concediilor - (afirmei) vacation shutdown ~ temporara a bancilor - (SUA) bank holiday inchiria v.t. 1. (a da sau a lua cu chirie) to lease, to rent 2. (a da cu chirie) to hire out, to let (off/out) 3. (a lua cu chirie) to hire, to.tenant 4. (un avion, o navd etc.) to charter tnchiriere s.f. 1. (dare sau luare cu chirie) lease, renting, hire, hiring; (leasing) leasing 2. (dare cu chirie) let, letting 3. (luare cu chirie) tenancy 4. (a unui avion, a unei nave) charterage, chartering ~ a navei nude - (fdrd echipaj) (mar.) demise charter ~ de echipament - equipment leasing ~ de instalatii industriale sau cladiri complet echipate - plant leasing inclinatie s.f. (spre un anumit comportament economic) propensity

1NC-INM ~ marginala spre consum - marginal propensity to consume ~ marginala spre economic - marginal propensity to save ~ medie spre consum - average propensity to consume ~ medie spre economic - average propensity to save ~ spre consum - propensity to consume ~ spre economic - propensity to save ~ spre import - propensity to import ~ spre investitie - propensity to invest Tndatora v.r. (a face datorii) to fall/to get/to run into debt, to be in debt mdatorat adj. indebted indeplini v.t. to carry out; (un contract, o obligatie, un angajament) to perform, to discharge, to honour, to fulfil(l), to meet; (un contract) to execute ~ formalitatile vamale - to fulfil(l) customs formalities indeplinire s.f. carrying out; (a unui contract, a unei obligatii, a unui angajament) performance, discharge, execution ~ partiala - (a obligatiilor contractuale, fapt care atestd existenta contractului) part performance indreptar^.«. handbook, guide indrumare s.f. counselling

profesionala - vocational counselling inHinta v.t. to found, to establish, to form, to set up; (o societate comer-ciald) to float; (p societate, o corpo-ratie) to incorporate infiintare s.f. foundation, establishment, formation, setting up; (a unei societdti comerciale) flo(a)tation;

(a unei societdti, a unei corporatii) incorporation mgheta v.t. (preturi, salarii, credite etc.) to freeze inghetare s.f. (a preturilor, a sala-riilor, a conturilor etc.) freeze, freezing ~ a chiriilor - (de cdtre stat) rent freeze ~ a creditelor - credit freeze ~ a preturilor - price freeze ~ a salariilor - wage freeze Tnlatura v.t. (un concurenf) to forestall inlesni v.t. to facilitate, to make easier inlesnire s.f. 1. facility, accommodation 2. pi. (inlesniri acordate salariatilor in afara salariului) amenities inlesniri pentru salariati - (transport gratuit, bonificatii etc.) employees' amenities inlocuire s.f. replacement, substitution, commutation

unei r-una

~ de inventar uzat - inventory turnover inlocuitor s.m. substitute; deputy; (al unui membru dintr-un consiliu de administrate) alternate director ~ apropiat - (al produsiiliii autentic) close substitute ~ de proasta calitate - (al produsului autentic) distant substitute Tnmagazina v.t. to store, to warehouse inmatricula v.t. (o societate, un auto-mobil, o navd etc) to register Tnmatriculare s.f. (a unei societdti, a unui automobil, a unei nave etc.) registration, registry ~ a navei - ship's registry inmana v.t. to hand over, to deliver ~ cuiva o citatie - to serve writ on

tnregistra v.t. to register; (a consemna, a nota) to record, to write down, to set down; (intr-un registru) to book, to enter (up); (pe o lista) to enlist, to enrol(l), to bill, to enter (up); (documente intr-o arhiva, un fisier) to file; (pe o fisd continutui unei partide de marfuri, al unui document) to docket v.r. (la hotel) to check in, to sign in ~ gresit - (cont.) to misenter ~ restante - to lag behind inregistrare s.f. registration, registering, registry; (consemnare, notare) record, writing down, setting down; (intr-un registru) booking, entry; (pe o lista} enlistment, enrol(l)ment, entry; (documente intr-o arhiva, un fisier) filing; (pe o fisd a continutului unei partide de marfuri, al unui document) docketing; (la hotel) checking in, check-in ~ contabila - book entry ~ finala - (cont.) closing entry ~ gresita - (cont.) misentry ~ ipotecara - registration of mortgages ~ suplimentara - (cont.) supplementary entry ~ ulterioara - (cont.) postentry insacui v.t. to bag, to sack insamanta v.t. to sow insarcina v.t. to charge, to commission; (a incredinta ciiiva) to entrust with mscrie v.r. (a consemna, a nota) to write down, to set down, to record; (a mregistra) to register; (pe o lista) to enlist, to enrol(l), to bill, to enter (up); (intr-un registru) to book, to enter (up); (numele, menfiuni) to superscribe

~ pe ordinea de zi - to place/to put on the agenda inscriere s.f. (consemnare, notare} writing down, setting down, record; (inregistrare) registration; (pe o lista) enlistment, enrollment, entry; (intr-un registru) booking, entry; (mentiune) superscription ~ a marcilor de comert - registration of trade marks ~ falsa - (in documente) false entry ~ ipotecara - registration of mortgages inscris s.n. document, deed, certificate. note ~ ipotecar - mortgage note insiloza v.t. to silo; (nutret) to ensile insilozare s.f. siloing; (de nutret) ensilage instraina v.t. (dr.) to alienate insuma v.t. to totalize, to total, to toi up insela v.t. to cheat, to fake up, to rook; (a escrocd) to swindle; (a amdgi) to deceive in§elatorie s.f. cheat, fake, fraud, double dealing; (escrocherie) swindle intalnire s.f. (de afaceri) meeting, appointment intocmi v.t. (un document, un bilanf etc.) to draw up; (un plan, un protect^. to draft - o dispasa - (de avarie comunS^ (asig. mar.) to make up the average ~ o factura - to make out an invoice ~ un extras de cont - to make up 4 statement of account I intreg adj. whole, entire, full; (co/»j plet) complete; (despre sume de ban^ even J ~ spatiul de Tncarcare - (indusi^ punted) (mar.) full reach and burden

INT-INV 195

intreprinde v.t. (a intreprinde, a initia; a lua in antrepriza) to undertake mtreprindere s.f. 1. (actiune, initia-tivd) undertaking, enterprise; {antrepriza) enterprise 2. (societate, com-panie, firmd) company, corporation, firm, undertaking, establishment; (fabrica) factory, plant, industrial unit, shop; (societate care executd hicrdri in antrepriza) enterprise ~ cu tratament preferential - (acordat membrilor de sindicat) preferential shop ~ de stat - state (-owned) enterprise ~ deschisa - {care angajeaza si muncitori nesindicalizati) open shop ~ inchisa - (care mi angajeaza muncitori nesindicalizati) closed shop ~ mare - large company ~ mica - small company/business ~ particulars - private enterprise ~ riscanta - {afacere riscanta) adventure, wildcat ~ sindicalizata - (in care sunt angajati muncitori nesindicalizati cu conditia ca ei sd devind membri ai unui sindicat in termen de 30 de zile de la angajare) union shop intreprinderi mici si mijiocii - small and medium-sized companies intreprinzator^.ni. entrepreneur intrerupe v.t. to interrupt, to discontinue; (a sista, a siispenda) to suspend; (brusc) to break off; (functionarea, exploatarea) to shut down; (alimentarea cu apd, gaze etc.) to cut off intretine v.t. 1. (pe cineva, o familie) to mantain, to support, to keep 2. (a pdstra) to keep; {in bund stare) to keep

in repair/good condition 3. (corespondentd) to keep up intretinere s.f. 1. (a cuiva) maintenance, support; (alocatie) allowance; alimony 2. {tehnicd) maintenance, upkeep, service ~ periodica - preventive maintenance ~ §i reparatii - maintenance and repair ~ $i reparatii curente - operating maintenance Tntruni v.t. (conditii, cerinte) to meet, to correspond to v.r. to gather, to assemble; {in sedintd) to sit; (despre o comisie) to meet intrunire s.f. meeting, assembly, reunion; (politico) rally invatare s.f. learning; (predare) teaching ~ la distanta - distance learning Tnvatamanti'.n. education ~ elementar - primary/elementary education ~ mediu - secondary education ~ profesional - vocational education ~ superior - higher/university education ~ tehnic - technical/engineering education invechire s.f. (morald) obsolescence ~ tehnologica - technological obsolescence investi v.t. to ivest/to vest (in, with) ~ pe cineva - to vest smb. with power ~ pe cineva cu drepturi - to vest rights in smb. ~ pe cineva intr-o functie - to vest smb. with a function Tnviora v.r. {despre afaceri, activitdti) to rally, to revive Tnviorare s.f. (a afacerilor, a activi- tdtilor) rally, revival

iNV-PsZ 196

mvoi v.t. to give smb. leave v.r. 1. (reciproc) to agree, to come to an agreement/understanding 2. (a se tdrgui) to bargain, to haggle 3. (a con-.s'/wri) to consent, to give one's consent; (a permite) to permit, to allow 4. (de la serviciu) to take leave (of absence) invoiala s.f. 1. agreement 2. bargain

a cadea la ~ - to conclude/to make, to settle/to strike a bargain; to come to terms/an agreement invoire s.f. leave (of absence), casual leave ~ pentru motive personale - (deces in familie etc.) compassionate leave inzestra v.t. to endow; (cufonduri etc.} to furnish

J jena s.f. (financiard) embarrassment, straits, straitened circumstances jeton s.n. counter; (care tine loc de monedd) token ~ de prezenta - tally ~ de prezenta a unui membru din consiliul de administratie - director's tally joc s.n. game ~ de bursa - stock exchange speculations ~ Ae management - management game

~ de noroc - game of chance, gamble ~ de simulare/gestiune/intreprindere

- business game ~ final — (strategic! finald adoptatd pentru un prodiis sail o imitate eco-

nomica) (man.) end game joint venture s.n. (forma de asociere

intre doud sau mai midte persoane fizice si/sau juridice in scopul formdrii

unei noi societati en personalitate jiiridicd pentru atingerea unui obiectiv

specific) joint venture '- contractual - (contract de colabo-

rare intre mai mniti agenti economici care isi combind resursele pentru

realizarea unui protect comun, fdrd a se realiza o societate comerciald} joint

venture contract juca •i'./. (a juca jocuri) to game; (pe

bani} to gamble ~ a la baisse — (mcercdnd sd provoace o scddere a cursiilni) (bur.} to bear, to

speculate on falls

~ a la hausse — (mcercdnd sd provoace o crestere a cursului) (bur.) to bull, to speculate on a rise ~ la bursa - to speculate (on the stock exchange) ~ la loterie - to put in the lottery judeca v.t. (dr.) to judge, to try, to adjudicate; to sentence, to pass sentence on ~ in contumacie - to default ~ un apel - to hear an appeal judecata s.f. judg(e)ment, adjudication; (proces} trial, (sentintd^ Â^^ms.YA.,

sentence ~ contencioasa - judg(e)ment in disputed matters ~ de fond -judg(e)ment on the merits ~ in contumacie - judg(e)ment by default ~ in ultima instanta - judg(e)ment by court of last resort a da pe cineva in ~- - to sue/to summon smb. at law/in court, to proceed against smb. judecator s.m. judge; magistrate ~ asesor - associate judge ~ de instructie - examining judge ~ recuzat - challenged judge ~ sindic - receiver (in bankruptcy), asignee in bankruptcy jumatate s.f. half; (dr.) moiety ~ de norma - half time ~ -jumatate - half-and-half jurat s.m. juryman, juror; pi. jury(men) juridic adj. juridical, judicial; legal jurisconsult s.m. jurisconsult, jurist, legal adviser/expert

198

jurisdictie s.f. jurisdiction ~ consulara - consular jurisdiction ~ contencioasa - contentious jurisdiction ~ de apel - appellate jurisdiction ~ exclusiva - exclusive jurisdiction ~ maritima - maritime jurisdiction ~ penala - criminal jurisdiction ~ simultana - concurrent jurisdiction ~ sumara - summary jurisdiction ~ vamala - customs territory jurisprudents s.f. jurisprudence, case/statute/judge-made law, the practice of the courts, the precedents of a case ~ constanta - well-established jurisprudence

JUR-JL'S

jurnal s.n. 1. (news)paper, journal; (cotidian) daily paper; {local) sheet; (monitor oficial) gazette 2. (cont^ journal, book ~ al incasarilor in numerar - (conl.| cash receipts journal ~ de casa - (conl.) statement of cash receipts and disbursements ~ de moda - fashion magazine/journal ~ order - (cont.) books of first? original/ prime entry a trece in ~ - (cant.) to journalize justitie s.f. justice a deferi pe cineva justitiei - B>| institute legal proceedings against smb-

K

kilogram S.PZ. kilogram(me) kilowatt s.m. kilowatt kilolitru s.m. kilolitre ~ -ora - kilowatt-hour kilometraj s.n. mileage recorder; kraft s.n. (hdrtie rezistenta folositd la tachometer ambalaj) kraft

L \aprep. at ~ alegerea vanzatorului - (operatic prin care vdnzdtorul isi poate alege data tranzactiondrii efective a actiunilor intr-un interval determinat de limp) (bur.) seller's option ~ balustrada navei - (formula dintr-un conosament care aratd cd responsa-bilitatea armatorului fata de caric inceteazd cdnd incdrcdtura poate fi descdrcatd) (mar.) at ship's rail ~ bord/pe nava - aboard, aboardship, ashipboard ~ eel mai bun curs/pret - (bur.) at best ~ cerere - on demand; (despre o sumd depusd in banca} at call ~ cursul/pretui specificat sau la un curs/pret mai bun - (in ordinele de vdnzare/cumpdrare) (bur.) at or better ~ data - (cont.) as at ~ distanta/respect - (despre o tranzactie care nu se realizeazd intre doud parti inrudite, cum ar fi o companie sifiliala so) at arm's length ~ livrare - on delivery ~ mal/tarm - ashore ~ mijiocul navei - amidships ~ noroc - at adventure ~ paritate/valoarea nominala - (bur.) at par ~ pretui pietei - at (the) market ~ scadenta - at maturity, when due ~ suta - per cent ~ si de la - (asig. mar.) at and from ~ termen - forward

~ timpul cuvenit - (despre o platd) (in) due course ~ vedere - at sight laboratory, n. laboratory ~ pentru analize de titru - assay office lada s.f. case, bin; (cu capac) chest; (cutie) box ~ de ambalaj - packing case lansa v.t. 1. (un plan, o navd etc.) to launch 2. (un imprumut) to float, to issue, to raise; (o subscriptie) to start; (o companie, un produs etc. cu multd publicitate) to break lants.n. chain ~ de conducere - chain of command ~ voluntar - (asociatie de detaili^ti care a convenit sd cumpere de la un singur angrosist, in schimbul unor facilitdti §i avantaje) voluntary chains lantui valorii - (totalitatea activi-tdtilor interdependente desfas'urate intr-o corporatie) (man.) value chain laptar s.m. dairyman, milkman laptarie s.f. (magazin) milkshop; (fermd) dairy largi v.t. (piata de desfacere) to widen. to enlarge, to extend lana s.f. wool lanarie s.f. wool-spinnmg mill leafa s.f (pentru intelectuali si functionari) salary; (pentru muncitori} wage(s) leasing s.n. (sistem de finantare a investitiilor prin care o firma inchiriazd masini si utilaje moderne de la societdti specializate) leasing

LEA-LEV 201

~ de echipament - equipment leasing ~ financiar/de finantare - financial leasing, finance/capital lease ~ operational - (locatie in care locatorul intretine si finanteazd activul fix) operating leasing lega v.t. 1. (prin contract, angajamente legale) to bind, to tie up 2. (a testa) (dr.) to legate, to bequeath legal adj. legal, lawful; (legitim) legitimate, rightful; (despre un drept, un titlu) sound legalitate s.f. legality, lawfulness legaliza v.t. (a autentifica) to legalize, to authenticate, to attest, to certify; (la notarial) to notarize legat s.n. (dr.) (mobiliar) legacy; (imobiliar) devise legatar s.m. (dr.) (de bunuri mobiliare) legatee; (de bunuri imobiliare) devisee ~ cu titlu particular - particular legatee/devisee ~ cu titlu universal - general legatee/devisee, residuary/sole legatee legatura s.f. connection, link; relation legaturi comerciale - trade relations lege s.f. law, act; (lege emisd de parlament) statute, enactment ~ antidumping - antidumping law ~ antitrust - antitrust law ~ -cadru - skeleton law ~ constitutionals - constitutional/ organic law ~ dispozitiva - yielding law ~ economica - economic law ~ electorala - election law ~ in vigoare - active law, law in force ~ neaplicata - dormant/unapplied law êgea accidentelor de munca -workmen's compensations act ~ brevetelor - patent law

~ cererii si a ofertei - law of supply and demand ~ falimentului - insolvent law ~ fondului funciar - land law ~ generala a cererii - general law of demand ~ generala a ofertei - general law of supply ~ marinei comerciale - merchant marine act ~ pescuitului - fishing law ~ prescriptiei - statute of limitation a aplica o lege - to carry out/to put into force a law a avea putere de ~ - to possess force of law a eluda ~ - to evade the law a pune o ~ in vigoare - to give effect to a law legifera v.t. to legislate, to enact legislativ adj. legislative legislatie s.f. legislation legislatia asigurarilor sociale - welfare legislation ~ muncii - labour legislation ~ societatilor comerciale - company legislation legislatie antitrust - antitrust legislation legitim adj. legitimate; (legal) legal legumicultura s.f. vegetable growing, market gardening lemn s.n. wood; (cherestea) timber; (SUA) lumber lemnarie s.f. 1. (lemne) wood; (cherestea) timber, timbering; (a unei constructii) timberwork 2. (depozit) wood yard 3. ' (meserie) carpentry; woodcutting \evier s.n. leverage

202 LEV-LIB ~ operational — (masura in care sunt utilizate costurile fixe in exploatarea firmei) (fin.) operating leverage leza v.t. {imagined, reputatia) to injure; (interesele) to endanger, to be detrimental to liber adj. 1. free; (independent) independent; (autonom} autonomous 2. (gratuit) gratis, free (of charge) 3. (disponibil) available; (despre zi) off; (despre un drum) clear, open; (neocupat) vacant, unengaged; {despre un post) void 4. {despre persoane) free, disengaged; (in afara orelor de serviciii) off duty 5. (desfdcut, varsat, in vrac) loose ~ de cheltuieli - free froi.i/of charges, free of expenses ~ de cheltuieli de alimbare - free (of) lighterage ~ de cheltuieli ,,de la nava la nava" - free out of sea vessel ~ de cheltuieli la descarcare free out/discharge ~ de cheltuieli la descarcare, inclusiv lucrul in magazii - free out from vessel's holds ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare- -descarcare si stivuire - free in and out stowage/stowed ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare, exclusiv rujarea - free in excluding trimming ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare, inclusiv rujarea - free in including trimming ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare si descarcare - free in and out ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare si descarcare, inclusiv stivuirea si rujarea - free in and out, stowed and trimmed

~ de cheltuieli la incarcare si stivuire - free in and stowage/stowed ~ de orice avarie - (asig. mar.) free of all average ~ de orice cheltuieli - free of all charges/expenditures/expenses ~ de orice rise si cheltuieli in contui navei - free of all risks and expenses to the vessel '- la bord - (marfa se ridicd de primitor de la bordul navei) free from alongside, free on board ~ la bord si rujat - free on board and (free) trimmed ~ la bord si stivuit - free on board and (free) stowed ~ -profesionist - freelance ~ schimb - free trade ~ si fara sarcini - free and clear unencumbered libera circulatie a fortei de munca -free movement of labour ~ initiativa - free initiative liberalism s. n. liberalism liberalizare s.f. liberalization-deregulation ~ a circulatiei capitalurilor -deregulation of capital movement libertate s.f. freedom ~ contractuala - freedom of contract ~ de actiune - freedom of action ~ economica - economic freedom librar^.w. bookseller librarie s.f. 1. (magazm) bookshop 2-(pcupatie) book trade, bookselling , libret5'.n. book | ~ de banca - (cornet de depoziqi passbook, deposit/depositor's book ~ de economii - savings book

LIC-LIC 203 licenta s.f. 1. (diploma) licence, degree 2. (autorizatie, brevet} licence; (permis) permit ~ de export - export licence ~ de import - import licence ~ de prospectiune - (pentm descoperirea zdcdmintelor de hidrocarburi} exploration licence ~ generala deschisa - (fdrd restrictii la import) open general licence ~ obligatorie - (cisupra unui brevet de inventie) compulsory licence ~ partiala/cu clauze restrictive - restricted licence ~ pentru vanzarea bauturilor alcoolice numai cu mancare - table licence ~ permitand vanzarea si consumul bauturilor alcoolice in local - on licence ~ permitand vanzarea bauturilor alcoolice pentru consum la domiciliu - off-licence liceu5'.«. secondary/high school ~ industrial - trade school lichid adj. 1. liquid, fluid 2. (fin.) liquid, ready, quick lichida v.t. (o afacere, o tranzactie etc.) to settle; (o datorie) to liquidate, to clear off, to wipe off/out, to pay up; (stocul de mdrfuri) to sell out/up; (a soldo) to clear, to close out; (stocul de materii prime sau produse finite) to run down; (o societate) to wind up, to liquidate; (in vamd) (mar.) to clear lichidare s.f. (a iinei afaceri, a unei tranzactii etc.) settlement; (acliitare) liquidation; (vdnzare integrald) sellout; (soldare) clearance (sale), closeout; (bur.) settling, settlement; (a unei

societdti) winding up, liquidation; {in vamd) (mar.) clearance ~ a activelor - (achizitionarea ieftind a unei societdti fie pentru revdnzarea activelor si inchiderea firmei, fie pentru lichidarea activelor nerentabile si realizarea de noi investitii in firmd) asset stripping ~ a dividendelor - (preluarea controlului asupra unei companii, exploatarea rezervelor/dividendelor si vanzarea actiunilor, operatii care due adesea societatea lafaliment) dividend stripping ~ a soldurilor - clearance/bargain sale ~ a stocului inaintea inchiderii -(unei intreprinderi) closing-down sale ~ a succesiunii - (dr.) settlement of succession ~ curenta - (bur.) current settlement ~ in numerar - (bur.) cash settlement - in vama - (mar.) (ship's) clearance, clearing ~ in vama la plecare - (mar.) clearance outwards ~ in vama la sosire - (mar.) clearance inwards ~ judiciara - compulsory winding-up, winding-up by the court ~ silita - enforced/forced liquidation ~ voluntara - (a unei societdti) voluntary winding-up/liquidation ~ voluntara a actionarilor -members' voluntary winding-up/ liquidation ~ voluntara a creditorilor - creditors voluntary winding-up/liquidation lichidarea urmatoare - (bur.) succeeding account/settlement a fi in lichidare - to be in liquidation a intra in ~ - to go into liquidation

204 LIC-LIN lichidat adj. 1. (despre socoteli) even 2. (w vama) (mar.) cleared lichidator s.m. (numit de instantd pentru a inchide o firma falita) (dr.) liquidator, receiver in bankruptcy, official receiver, insolvency practitioner, conservator ~ de avarie - (asig. mar.) average adjuster/stater/taker

(pentru obtinerea unui contract

- provizorm - provisional liquidator lichiditate s.f. (fin.) liquidity; liquid funds/assets ~ a firmei - firm's liquidity ~ bancara - banking liquidity ~ financiara — (capacitated unei mtreprinderi de a se adecva rapid angajamentelor financiare) financial liquidity ~ internationala - (totalitatea mijioacelor de platd de care dispune banca centrald a unei tan pentru utilizarea lor in vederea realizd'-'ii soldului operatiilor comerciale si financiare externe ale tarn respective) international liquidity ~ patrimoniala — (maswa m care o unitate economicd poate face fata datoriilor pe care le-a garantat cu patrimonial de care dispune, aceasta exprimdnd valoarea netd a patrimoniului societdtii respective) liquid assets licit adj. lawful, licit licita v.i. (a participa la licitatie) to bid; (pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii, executarea de lucrdri) to tender v.t. (a vinde la licitatie) to (sell by) auction licitant s.m. bidder; (pentru obtinerea de contracte) tenderer

licitator s.m. (persoand care conduce i licitatie) auctioneer licitatie s.f. auction, public sale

tender; (SUA) vendue ~ chinezeasca/olandeza - (licitatie i care se coboard pretui pand se gase^t un cumpdrdtor) Chinese/Dutch auctior ~ deschisa - {bur.) open outcry ~ englezeasca - (licitatie la car ofertele de achizitie sunt jacul incepdnd cu un pret de descliidere si s continud pdnd cand mmem mi ma liciteazd peste pretui maxim) Britis. auction ~ mchisa - closed auction ~ publica - public auction ~ simulata — (pentru a urea pretui mock auction a fi vandut la '-' - to come/to go/to fai under the hammer a scoate la ~ - to bring/to put/to sen to the hammer lider s.m. 1. leader 2. (articol van<h ieftin pentru a atrage clientela) (corn. leader ~ de cost - (firmd care detine fata d concurentii ei un avantaj important4 ceea cepriveste costui) cost leader ~ de opinie - opinion leader ~ de piata - market leader ~ de pret — (firma care, acliondu intr-un anumit domeniu, are iniliatm stabilirii preturilor) price leader i limbaj s.n. language i ~ comun de programare orientat |1 probleme economice - coming business oriented language | limita v.t. to limit, to restrict; (drep, to abridge; (mflatia) to curb

LIM-LIN 205

limitare s.f. limitation, restriction, restraint; (de drepturi) abridg(e)ment; (a inflatiei) curb ~ a clauzei raspunderii - (asig.) limitation of liability clause ~ a dividendelor - dividend limitation/ restraint ~ a succesiunii - (la descendentii dintr-o anumitd lime sau un anumit sex) tail ~ voluntara a exporturilor - (dintr-un anumit sector} voluntary exports restraints limitat ad], limited; restricted limitata la capitalul subscris - (despre rdspunderea actionarilor) limited by shares ~ la suma garantata de actionari - {despre rdspunderea actionarilor') limited by guarantee limita s.f. limit; (in limp) deadline ~ climaterica a padurilor - (cu arbori pentru cherestea) timber line ~ de credit - credit limit/ceiling ~ de tara — (limita riscului de tara) (fin.) country limit, sovereign risk limit ~ de uzura - wearing limit ~ de vanzare - {bur.) selling limit ~ de varsta - (pentru pensionare) age limit ~ inferioara - lower limit; (a preturilor, a salariilor etc.) floor ~ legala de creditare - legal lending limit ~ superioara - upper limit; ceiling lingou s.n. ingot, bar; (de aw sail argint) bullion ~ cu titlu legal - ingot of legal fineness ~ de aur sau argint pur - fine bullion

lingouri monetare - (de aur sail argint monetar) standard bullion, mint fine bars linie s.f. line lima pietei de capital - (reprezentarea grafted a relatiei dintre rise si rata necesard a rentabilitdtii) capital market line ~ aeriana - airline, airway ~ bugetara — (grup de produse pe care un consumator Ie poate cumpdra in functie de venitui propriu) budget line ~ de asamblare/montaj - assembly line ~ de autobuz - bus line/service ~ de cabotaj - {mar.) coastal line, coastwise sea lane ~ de cale ferata - railway line ~ de comanda - (man.) line of command ~ de credit - line of credit, credit line ~ de credit bancara speciala - special bank credit plan ~ de credit multivalutara - (linie de credit ce poate fi utilizatd, la alegere, intr-una sau mai multe volute) multicurrency credit line ~ de depou - yard line ~ de distributie - (corn.) chain of distribution ~ de incarcare - (mar.) leadline, load waterline ~ de navigatie - shipping line ~ de navigatie fluviala - river line ~ de navigatie oceanica - ocean line ~ de productie - production line ~ de produse - product line, range ~ de telecomunicatii - communication line ~ de transport - transport line

206 ~ de transport de marfa de mare viteza - (c./) fast freight line ~ de transport maritim de marfa - cargo line ~ ferata uzinala - railway siding ~ moarta - (c./) blind/dead-end track ~ regulata - (de navigatie) regular line ~ succesorala barbateasca - (dr.) tail male ~ succesorala femeiasca - (dr.) tail female ~ tehnologica - process/operation line ~ telefonica - telephone line ~ transatlantica - transatlantic line lipsa s.f. 1. (necesar, nevoie, insu- ficienta) lack, want, wantage; (dintr-o cantitate, dintr-o marfa etc.) short, shortage, shortfall; (penurie) scarcity, dearth, stringency; (deficienta) deficiency; (neajuns) drawback; (indisponibilitate) unavailability, unavailableness 2. (absenta) absence; (din instanta) (dr.) default ~ de actiuni/acoperire - (bur.) short of stock ~ de afaceri - slack business ~ de bani - money pressure/scarcity/ stringency, scarcity of money ~ de capital - scarcity of capital ~ de cumparatori - (bur.) sellers no buyers ~ de lichiditati - (fin.) illiquidity ~ de marfuri - want/scarcity of goods ~ de mana de lucru - scarcity of labour ~ de numerar - cash shortage ~ de resurse - resourcelessness ~ de titlu de proprietate - (dr.) want of title ~ de tranzactii - (bur.) no dealings ~ de utilitate - disutility

~ din continut - (m cazul recipientelor cu marfuri lichide) short of content ~ la cantar/greutate - short weight. shortage in weight ~ la livrare - short delivery a da ~ la cantar - to give short weight a duce ~ de - to be scarce of lira s.f. lira; (sterlina) pound sterling lista v.t. (a cotd) (bur.) to list lista s.f. list, bill; (de preturi, produse^ etc.) schedule ~ a marfurilor de export - export list ; ~ a marfurilor de import - import list i ~ a scadentelor debitorilor - agi] schedule ~ civila - (alocatii bugetare pent intretinerea familiei regale) civil list ~ de asteptare/solicitanti - waiting lii ~ de control - check list ~ de cotatii — (la cumpdrare sa vdnzare) (bur.) run ~ de curs'.'ri - (bur.) quotation lis quote sheet ~ de echipaj - (mar.) crew/ship lu ship's ledger ~ de investitii financiare red mandate - (lista de titluri de valoarej^ cdror cumpdrare este recomanda investment list ~ de materiale - bill of materials ~ de marfuri - list of goods ~ de marfuri interzise - banned list ~ de marfuri nevamuibile - free list] ~ de pasageri - (unbarcati pe o ; sau intr-un avion) passenger list ~ de preturi - schedule of prices, ] list/current, shop bill; (in transpor table of charges/fares ~ de preturi tarifare - tariff list ~ de prioritati - priority list ~ de procese - (dr.) cause list

LIS-L1V 207 -• de reduceri fiscale - table of allowances ~ de subscript!! - subscription list ~ electorala - poll ~ oficiala - (care confine cursurile zilnice) (bur.) official list literatura s.f. literature ~ comerciala - (reclame, brosuri, cataloage etc.) sales literature ~ de brevete de inventii - patent documents litigios adj. litigious, contentious, outstanding, debatable litigiu s.n. litigation, contention; dispute at law a fi in ~ - to litigate literal s. n. seaboard, seaside, seashore, littoral livada s.f. orchard livra v.t. to deliver; (a furnizu) to furnish, to supply ~ gresit - to misdeliver ~ in intregime - (marfa transportata) to deliver in full livrare s.f. delivery; (furnizare) furnishing, supply ~ altei nave — (prin transbordare) delivery overside ~ buna - (de tithiri de valoare ale cdror caracteristici corespimd exigentelor burs i ere salt contractuale) good delivery ~ completa - full delivery ~ completa in bune conditii - safe and full delivery ~ conform uzului - customary delivery ~ contra ramburs - cash on delivery ~ cu intarziere - delayed delivery ~ defectuoasa - (de titluri de valoare ale caror caracteristici nu corespimd

exigentelor bursiere sau contractuale) defective delivery ~ efectiva - actual delivery ~ eronata/gresita - misdelivery ~ expresa/rapida - express delivery ~ franco - delivered free ~ franco domiciliu - delivery free domicile ~ imediata - prompt/spot deliver)7 ~ incompleta/in minus - short delivery ~ la acceptare - delivery on acceptance ~ la bordul navei - (mar.) delivery on board ~ la cerere - delivery on call '- la termen - forward/future delivery - langa nava/sotto palanco - (mar.) delivered/delivery alongside ship ~ partiala - part/partial delivery ~ peste bord - (mar.) overside delivery ~ restanta — overdue delivery livrari contractuale - contract supplies ~ esalonate - staggered deliveries livrat adj. delivered ~ contra warant - stored terms ~ in bune conditii - delivered sound ~ la frontiera - delivered at frontier ~ , taxele vamale neplatite - delivered duty unpaid ~ , taxele vamale platite - delivered duty paid livra s.f. (imitate de masura pentru greittate) pound livret^.?!. book ~ de banca — (carnet de depozit) passbook, deposit/depositor's book ~ de economii - savings book

LOC-LUA 208

loc s.n. place, spot; (la teatru, in parlament etc.) seat; (in vehicul, la hotel} accommodation ~ de destinatie - place of destination ~ de escala - place of call ~ de livrare - place of delivery, delivery point ~ de munca - place of employment/ work ~ de plata - place of payment/ performance; (al unui efect de comert) domicile ~ de re§edinta - residence local adj. local s.n. 1. (cladire) building; (cladire cu teren, instalatii etc.) premises 2. {restaurant) restaurant, public house, pub localizare s.f. localization ~ a industriei — (proces opus globalizdrii) localization of industry locatar s.m. lodger; (chirias) tenant locativ adj. living; tenant's...; (despre valoare) rental locatie s.f. hire, hiring, renting; location ~ de gestiune - administration location ~ de vagoane - truck hire, demurrage charge; (SUA) railroad demurrage ~ financiara/de capital - capital lease ~ pentru marfurile depuse pe chei - (mar.) wharf demurrage locomotiva s.f. locomotive, engine ~ de manevra - yard locomotive ~ impingatoare - bank locomotive, banking engine ~ pentru trenuri de marfa - freight locomotive loctiitor s.m. deputy, caretaker, locum tenens locuinta s.f. dwelling place, abode, lodging, house; (dr.) tenement

~ cu dependinte - (dr.) messuage locuitor^./n. inhabitant ~ de pe coasta - shoreman logistica s.f. logistics ~ a companiei - company/business logistics logograma s.f. logogram ~ de corporatie - corporate logo (gram) loialitate s.f. loyalty ~ a consumatorului - (fata de o marca) consumer loyalty ~ fata de marca - (a consumatorilor} brand loyalty lombardizare s.f. (depunere in gaj de titluri de valoare drept garantie pentru un imprumut) lend against securities lot s.n. 1. (de mdrfuri) batch, lot. parcel; (de actiuni) lot 2. (de teren} plot, parcel; (mic) strip; (dat in arenda uneifamilii) allotment ~ complet - (de circa 100 de actiuni pe care un investitor doreste sd Ie cumpere) (bur.) round lot ~ de marfuri - lot/parcel of goods ~ de proba - (de mdrfuri) trial lot ~ incomplet/nereglementar - (de mdrfuri sau actiuni) odd lot ~ minim - (numdr minim de actiuni!- pentru ca un curs sdfie inserts pe lista\ de cotatii) (bur.) round lot, minimum! unit of trading I loterie s.f. lottery loto s.n. lotto loxs.n. lottery ticket luare s.f taking ~ de decizii - decision making ~ de decizii in conditii de certitudin® - decision-making under certainty ~ de decizii in conditii de rise decision-making under risk

LUA-LUX 209

~ de probe - sampling, sample taking ~ in consideratie - taking into account/consideration ~ in posesie - entry lucra v.i. 1. to work; (a trudi) to toil, to labour 2. (a functiond) to function; (despre o marina, un utilaj) to work, to run v.t. 1. (pamdntui) to till, to labour, to cultivate 2. (a prelucra) to work out -in acord -to job ~ la capacitatea maxima - to work at/to capacity ~ mai repede/bine - (decaf) to outwork ~ pe cont propriu - to work on one's own ~ peste program - to work overtime ~ prost/de mantuiala - to lie down on the job, to underwork ~ putin/insuficient - to underwork lucrare s.f. working, work ~ de diploma/stat - graduation/ diploma paper ~ in antrepriza - contract work ~ pregatitoare - preliminary work lucrari ale conferintei - debates/ proceedings of the conference ~ de intretinere a drumurilor - roadworks ~ de prospectiune - exploration works ~ de reparatie - repair works ~ in executie - work in progress ~ publice - public works ~ restante - arrears of work lucrativ adj. lucrative, gainful, paying, remuneratory lucrator adj. working, work... s.m. worker, workman ~ cu ziua - (zilier) day labourer

~ la domiciliu - outworker, outside worker ~ pe cont propriu - (in propria afacere) self-employed worker ~ specialist - expert workman lucru s.n. 1. thing, object; pi. (efecte personate} (dr.) chattels; things, belongings 2. (mimed) work; (activitate) activity; (pcupatie) employment; (slujba) ]ob ~ cu bucata - piecework ~ cu ziua - daywork, joumeywork ~ de mana - handiwork ~ in echipa - team work ~ in regie - force account ~ la domiciliu - outwork ~ manual - handwork a cauta de ~ - to look for a job a da de ~ muncitorilor - to employ workers a nu avea de ~ - to be out of work lunar adj., adv. monthly luna s.f. (calendaristica) month ~ calendaristica - (calendar) month ~ cu 31 de zile - odd month ~ curenta - present month lupta s.f. fight; struggle ~ a mandatarilor - (incercarea unei persoane sau a iinui grup de a cdstiga controlul asupra unei societdti convingdnd aclionarii sd voteze o noua conducere) proxy fight ~ de clasa - class struggle/warfare lux s.n. luxury ~ de amanunte - profusion of details a trai in ~ - to live in luxury luxos adj. luxurious

M macara s.f. crane ~ de chei - (dockside/quay) crane ~ de transbordare - transshipment crane ~ grea - titan crane ~ pe senile - caterpillar/crawler crane ~ pe sine - rail crane ~ plutitoare - float/floating crane, crane ship ~ -turn - derrick/tower crane ~ umversaia - general-purpose crane macaragiu s.m. craner, crane attendant/driver/operator macroeconomic adj. macroeconomic macroeconomie s.f. macroeconomics macromarketing s.n. macromarketing macrostabilizare .'>./ macroeconomic stabilisation maculatura s.f. scrap/waste paper maestru s.m. (cont.) ledger magazie s.f. storehouse, repository, depot; (de marfuri) warehouse; (de nava) hold ~ de materiale si utilaje - plant depot/yard ~ frigorifica - cargo reefer space; (mar.) refrigerated/freezing hold magazin s.n. 1. shop; (S UA) store 2. (revista) magazine, periodical ~ al unei intreprinderi — (pentm angajatii acesteia) company store ~ alimentar in incinta fabricii - tommy shop ~ captiv - (care isi poate desfusura activitatea intr-o cladire cu conditia de a vinde numai marfuri furnizate de

proprietarii imobilului respective captive outlet ~ central - (al imui lant de magazine} parent store ~ cu amanuntui - retail shop ~ cu autoservire - self-service store ~ cu marfuri scutite de taxe vamale - duty-free shop ~ cu preturi reduse - discount/cut- -price shop ~ cu vanzare pe baza de catalog - catalogue store ~ de cadouri/articole la moda - gift shop ~ de cartier - (care se adreseaza clientele! dintr-o anumita zond si are program prelimgit) convenience store ~ de marfuri de ocazie/la mana a doua - second-hand shop ~ de solduri - (de carti) remainder shop ~ de vechituri -junk shop ~ general - variety shop ~ in retea - multiple/chain store ~ specializat - speciality shop 5 ~ universal - department(al)/general | store; emporium, baza(a)r magazinaj s.n. 1. (depozitare} warehousing, storing (of goods) 2. (taxa) storage charges magaziner s.m. warehouseman. warehouse keeper, storeman,, storekeeper J magistral s.m. magistrate; judge magistratura s.f. magistrature,; magistracy, magistrateship

MAG-MAN 211 magnat s.m. magnate; (industrial, financiar) tycoon maistru s.m. foreman ~ de exploatare - foreman of development ~ de productie - foreman of production majora v.t. (preturi, salarii etc.) to increase, to raise; (preturi) to advance; (a scumpi) to put up/to increase the price ofv.r. (despre preturi} to advance majorare s.f. (de preturi, salarii etc.) increase, raise, rise; (de preturi) advance ~ a preturilor - price advance, increase in prices ~ a salariilor - wage rise majoritate s.f. majority ~ absoluta - absolute majority ~ calificata - specified majority ~ de doua treimi - two-third's majority ~ de voturi - majority of votes ~ relativa - relative majority ~ simpla - simple majority a obtine o ~ - to secure a majority management^./?, management ~ al activelor - {gestionarea activelor unei institutii financiare) (fin.) asset management ~ al activitatii de birou - office management ~ al afacerii - business management ~ al contului - account management ~ al datoriilor - debt management ~ al distributiei lizice - (a mdrfurilor, vizdnd probleme legate de ambalare, transport, depozitare etc.) physical distribution management ~ al marcii - brand management

~ al pasivelor - (politico bdncilor de atragere a fondurilor prin ratele dobdnzilor practicate) liability management ~ al productiei - production management ~ al produsului - product management ~ al proiectului - project management ~ al resurselor - resource management ~ al riscurilor - risk management ~ al timpului - {individual) time management ~ bazat pe principiul rezultatelor -(bune sau rele) management by principle ~ de conducere si personal - (grupul de manageri care organizeazd pro-ductia si serviciile intr-o companie) line and staff management ~ de criza - crisis management ~ de marketing - marketing management ~ de portofoliu - portfolio management ~ descentralizat - decentralized management ~ educational - educational management ~ financiar - financial management ~ operational - operations management ~ participativ - participatory management ~- prin eliminare - {a datelor nesem-nificative din biigete sau planuri in scopiil unei corectii) management by exception ~ prin obiective - (pentru o eficientd sporitd) management by objectives ~ prin prezenta - management by walking about

212 MAN-MAN managementui calitatii - quality management ~ calitatii totale - total quality management ~ resurselor umane - human- -resource/personnel management manager s. m. manager ~ al unui fond mutual - fund manager managerial adj. managerial manco s.n. deficiency, shortage ~ de casa - shortage in the cash mandants.m. principal ~ si mandatar - principal and agent mandat s.n. 1. mandate; (procuro) procuration, proxy; (de arestare, perchezitie etc.} warrant 2. (postal) money/postal order ~ de aducere - order to offender, witness to appear ~ de arestare - warrant for arrest ~ de deputat - member's (electoral) mandate ~ de perchezitie - search warrant ~ postal - money/postal/post-office order ~ postal international - international/ foreign money order ~ postal telegrafic - telegraphic money/postal order a trimite prin ~ - (bani) to remit mandatar s.m. mandatory, mandatary; attorney (-in-fact); (imputernicit) procurator, proxy; (administrator, curator) trustee ~ pasiv - (fdra sarcind activd de indeplinit) naked trustee manevra v.t. to manipulate, to handle; (o marina, un utilaj) to operate, to run, to work; (vagoane) to shunt; (yagoane de mar/a) to marshal; (o nava) to manoeuvre, to handle

manevrabil adj. manageable; workable manifest s.n. 1. (program) manifesto: (aruncat, distribuit) leaflet 2. (lista a incdrcdturii navel) (mar.) manifest ~ al mcarcatorului - shipper's manifest ~ al incarcaturii - cargo manifest ~ al navei - ship's manifest ~ de bord - summary of bills of lading ~ de export - outward manifest ~ de import - inward manifest ~ de marfa incarcata - ship cargo/ shipping manifest ~ de tranzit - transit manifest manifold s.n. 1. (carnet de note, facturi cu color) manifold 2. (conducta la petroliere) manifold ~ de descarcare - discharge/delivery' manifold ~ de incarcare - cargo loading manifold manipula v.t. to manipulate, to handle; (o marina, un utilaj) to operate, to run, to work; (manual) to manhandle ~ piata - to rig the market manipulare s.f. manipulation, handling; (hamaldc) porterage; (o; masind, un utilaj) operating, working | ~ a materialelor - material's handling , ~ de marfuri - cargo handling ~ manuala - manual handling,, manhandling ~ mecanica - mechanical handling ~ sigura/fara pericol - safe handling ~ si transport de marfa - freigl handling manual adj. manual, hand... s.r, (ghid) handbook, manual, guide; (car cuprinde unitdtile monetare, de mdsur\ ale mai multor tan) cambist manufactura v.t. to manufacture

MAN-MAR 213 manufacture s.f. manufacture; (fabrica) manufactory marca v.t. to mark, to put a mark on; (cu tin semn distinctly) to earmark; (un obiect de metal pretios) to hallmark; (metale, marfuri etc.) to stamp; (pretui) to ticket up; (a matrita) to stencil; (a bifa) to (mark with a) check marca s.f. 1. mark; (la metale pretioase) plate mark, hallmark 2. (tip, model) brand 3. (timbru) stamp ~ a distribuitorului/proprie - (mime de marca atribuit unui produs de cdtre un intermediar, de obicei un detailist important) dealer's/private/own brand ~ a fabricii - manufacturer's brand/ mark, trademark ~ a monetariei - mint mark ~ de dimensiuni - (pentru marfuri) measurement mark ~ de flanc - (marca noud lansatd de o companie ce comercializeaza deja o alta m aceeasi categoric de produs) flanker brand ~ de greutate - weight mark ~ de grup - group mark ~ de identificare - (a coletelor de marfd) head mark ~ de manipulare - (pentru mdrfurile fragile) handling mark ~ de origine - mark of origin ~ de port - (pentru marfuri) port mark ~ de produse standard - standard brand ~ de thru - assay mark ~ depusa/de comert mregistrata - registered trademark "- globala - global brand ~ inregistrata - trademark, registered mark, trade name ~ noua - new brand

~ superioara/de calitate - choice brand mare s.f. sea ~ continentala/interioara - conti-nental/inland sea "- intercontinentala - intercontinental/ mediterranean sea ~ litorala/marginala - adjacent/ littoral/marginal sea marfar s.n. goods/freight train, freightliner marfa s.f. commodity, merchandise; (transportata) freight, cargo; pi. goods ~ ambalata - packaged cargo/freight/ goods ~ cautata/care se vinde bine - seller ~ containerizata - containerized cargo/freight ~ cu defect - flaw ~ cu proprietar necunoscut - waif ~ curata - clean cargo ~ de cabotaj - (mar.) coastal/coastwise freight ~ de export - (mar.) outward cargo ~ de import - (mar.) inward cargo ~ de mare gabarit - large-size freight ~ de punte - (mar.) deck cargo ~ de sezon - seasonal cargo ~ de umplere - (a spatwiui gol dupd stivuire) (mar.) filler cargo, small stowage ~- eterogena - (greu de stivuit) heterogeneous cargo ~ fara ambalaj - unprotected cargo ~ fara proprietar - bona vacantia - grea - heavy (-weight) cargo; (mar.) deadweight cargo ~ grea in vrac - heavy bulk cargo ~ incompatibila - (care mi poate fi transportata impreund cu alte marfuri) incompatible cargo

MAR-MAR 214

~ in ambalaj izolat - insulated cargo ~ lichida in vrac - liquid bulk cargo ~ nesortata- buikpik ~ neincarcata - (din lipsd de spatiu) (mar.) short shipment ~ pachetizata - unitized cargo/load, unit load ~ paletizata - palletized cargo ~ pretentioasa - (in privinta con-ditiilor de transport) critical cargo ~ ramasa - (dupd descdrcare) residue/ residual cargo ~ rentabil de transportat - best- -paying cargo ~ schimbata prin troc - swap ~ solida in vrac - solid bulk cargo ~ transportata pe mare - seaborne/ seagoing cargo marfuri abandonate - (fdra proprietor) abandoned goods ~ antrepozitate - warehouse goods ~ avariate/deteriorate - damaged goods ~ congelate - frozen goods ~ cu livrare imediata - actuals, physicals ~ cu livrare la termen - futures ~ cu miros specific - odorous goods ~ cu tarif vamal scazut - low-duty goods ~ cu volum redus - low-measurements goods ~ cumparate sub pornirea impulsului - impulse goods ~ de balast - (mar.) kentledge goods ~ de baza - primary goods, staple ~ de baza ale exportului - staple exports ~ de calitate inferioara - off-grade/- -quality goods ~ de calitate medie - middle goods

~ de calitate superioara - superior/ prime goods, firsts ~ de cafitatea a treia -

thirds ~ de contrabands - contraband/ smugg/eof goods ~ de folosinta indelungata - durable goods, durables ~ de folosinta scurta - nondurable/single-use goods ~ de folosinta semiindelungata semidurable goods ~ de larg consum - consumer goods ~ de lux - fancy goods ~ de mare viteza - express/speed goods ~ de mica viteza - slow goods, ordinary freight ~ de prima/stricta necesitate -essential goods ~ de proba - goods on approval ~ de uz curent - (procurabile in apro-pierea locuintel) convenience goods ~ de valoare - value/valuable goods ~ de volum/cubaj/voluminoase measurement/measure goods ~ disparate vandute angro -job lot ~ disponibile - present goods, trading stock, stock-in-trade; (cu livrare ime-^ diata) spot (goods) ~ diverse/variate - miscellanec goods ~ fabricate in tara - domestics ~ facturate - invoiced goods ~ finite - finished goods ~ fragile - fragile goods ~ generate - general goods, generals ~ impuse - taxed goods, goods rated ~ indisponibile/deHcitare unavailable goods ~ individualizate- ascertained goods ~ industriale - industrial goods

MAR-MAR 215

~ inerte - (minereuri, nisip, bumbac, land etc.) inert goods

inflamabile - inflammable/ flammable goods ~ in baluri - bale goods ~ in comision - goods on commission ~ in consignatie - goods on consignment ~ in legaturi - bundle goods "- in lichidare — (ale unei firme falimentare) distress goods ~ in partizi - goods making up a parcel ~ in tranzit - transit goods -" in vama - bonded goods ~ in vrac - bulk goods ~ insacuite - bagged goods ~ la moda - {niai ales articole de vestimentatie) fashion goods ~ lichide - wet goods '•- licite - lawful merchandise ~ livrate cu facilitati de plata - goods supplied on deferred payments - marcate - (cu etichete) labelled goods ~ neambalate/desfacute - loose/ unpacked goods ~ nedeciarate - (in vama) unentered goods ~ neidentificate/neindividualizate - (in contract) unascertained goods ~ nelivrate/nepredate - undelivered goods ~ neridicate - unclaimed goods ~ neridicate in termen - overtime goods ~ nevandabile - unrealizable goods ~ nevamuibile - free/uncustomed goods ~ nevamuite unentered/uncleared goods

~ nevandute - goods on hand ~ periculoase - dangerous/hazardous goods ~ perisabile - perishable goods, perishables ~ prafuite - dusted goods ~ prohibite - (la export sou import) prohibited goods ~ refuzate - returns ~ returnabile - (furnizorului) unsolds ~ rubricate - (intr-un document de transport) subject/captioned goods ~ sechestrate - distrained goods - straine/de import - foreign goods ~ supuse accizelor - excisable goods ~ textile - textiles, soft goods ~ textile cu metraj in bucata - piece fabric/goods, yard goods ~ transbordate - transshipment goods ~ transportate pe apa - waterbome goods ~ umede - moist goods ~ uscate - (grdne, textile etc.) dry goods ~ u§oare - light goods ~ vandabile - realizable/marketable goods ~ vamuibile - dutiable goods marfurile cumparate nu se schimba - no goods exchanged maricultura s.f. mariculture, sea farming marin adj. marine, sea...; maritime marinar,?.»;. sailor, seaman, mariner ~ brevetat - able-bodied seaman ~ de cabotaj - shoaler

necalificat/stagiar - ordinary seaman marina s.f. marine

MAR-MAT 216

~ comerciala - commercial/mercantile marine, merchant marine/navy, merchant shipping ~ militara - navy, naval forces maritim adj. maritime, marine; seaborne,seagoing marja s.f. (bur., corn., cont., fin.) margin ~ a dobanzii - (cliferenta dintre ratele dobdnzilor creditoare §i debitoare ale unei band) interest margin ~ bruta - (diferenta dintre pretui de vdnzare cu amdnuntid fi eel cu ridicata) (corn.) gross margin ~ de contributie - (contributia la costurile fixe sau venitui ramas dupd plata cos turilor fixe) (fin.) contribution margin ~ de profit - profit margin ~ de profit net - net profit margin ~ de siguranta - (diferenta dintre veniturile obtinute din vdnzdrile curente fi cele realizate la pragul de rehabilitate) (fin.) margin of safety, safety margin marketing A. n. marketing ~ comun - (a/ unui grup de producdtori care colaboreazd pentru lansarea mdrfurilor lor pe piata) cooperative marketing ~ de stimulare - incentive marketing ~ direct - direct marketing ~ in retea - network marketing ~ nonprofit - nonprofit marketing ~ pe baza acceptarii produsului - (de cdtre consumatori) product acceptance marketing ~ simbiotic - (realizat prin acorduri intre doud sau mai multe firme) symbiotic marketing ~ social - social marketing

marxism s. n. Marxism ~ -leninism - Marxism-Leninism masa s.f. 1. table 2. (mdncare) meal. fare 3. (in fizicd etc.) mass ~ de joc - gambling table ~ de sens - writing table, desk ~ monetara - money supply ~ specifica aparenta - bulk density ~ specifica in vrac - bulk weight ~ si casa - (pensiune) board and lodging ~ verde - official board, green table: (fur a.]) green fodder masina s.f. machine; engine; (automobile car ~ contabila de calcul/facturat si contabilizat - accounting machine ~ de ambalat/impachetat - package wrapping machine, packer ~ de asamblat - assemb

~ electrica de casa -

assembling machine - electric cash

register ~ de etichetat - labeller ~ de facturat - billing machine ~ de insacuit/ambalat in saci - sack packer, sack-filling machine ~ de scris - typewriter ~ de serviciu - company car ~ de sortare - sorter ~ de tiparit bancnote/titluri de; valoare - security printer | ~ postala de francat - postal franking J machine ~ -unealta - machine tool ~ universala - versatile machine matca s.f. (color, talon) counterfoil, heel, stub material adj., s.n. material ~ de ambalare - packing material ~ de inlocuire - substitute material ; ~ deficitar - shortage material I

MAT-MAS 217

~ inflamabil - inflammable/flammable material ~ lemnos - wood, timber; (SUA) lumber ~ nefolosit vandut de guvern/stat - government surplus ~ plastic - plastics ~ publicitar - advertising/publicity material, promotion matter ~ publicitar colant - sticker ~ publicitar postal - mailshot ~ rulant - (c.f.) rolling stock, railway vehicles materiale de constructie - building materials ~ refolosibile - reusable materials ~ textile - textiles materie s.f. material ~ prima - raw/working material; (in industria petrochimica) feedstock; (introdusd in procesul de fabricatie) throughput ~ prima deficitara - scarce raw material ~ prima strategics - strategic raw material matrice s.f. matrix ~ de conducere - (metodd de conducere a firmelor multinationale care implied acordarea responsabilitdtilor pentru sectoare din activitatea companiei atat organizatiei nationale, cat si diviziilor de productie) matrix management maturitate s.f. (scadenta) maturity a ajunge la ~ - to mature maxim(al) adj. maximum maximiza v.t. to maximize maximizare s.f. maximization ~ a profitului - profit maximization maxim(um) s.n. maximum, upper limit

mari v.t. to enlarge; (a spori, a create) to increase; (preturi) to mark up, to push up, to boost; (pretui, valoarea etc.) to enhance; (preturi, salarii etc.) to raise v.r. to increase marime s.f. size ~ obisnuita/curenta - (de articole de imbrdcdminte) stock size marire s.f. (a preturilor etc.) increase, upturn, upswing, boost, raise ~ a capitalului social - increase of capital marunt adj. (despre cheltuieli) petty; (despre bani) loose maruntis s.n. 1. (bani mdrunti) (small) change, small coin/money, loose cash/change/money 2. pi. (mdrfuri) small goods, petty/small wares masurare s.f. measurement ~ a timpului — (in munca manuala) methods time measurement ~ a timpului prin comparare - differential timing ~ a ulajului - ullaging masura s.f \. measure; (masurare) measurement; (intindere) extent; (cantitate) quantity, amount 2. (corn.) size; fitting ~ de capacitate - measure of capacity, liquid measure ~ de capacitate pentru cereale si marfuri pulverulente - corn and dry measure ~ de capacitate pentru marfuri pulverulente - dry measure ~ de cherestea - (care foloseste ca imitate piciorul - cherestea) board measure ~ -etalon - standard of measurement ~ foarte mare - {la imbrdcdminte) outsize

218 MAS-MED ~ metrica/zecimala - decimal measure ~ provizorie/temporara - stopgap masuri antiinflationiste - anti- -inflationary measures ~ de protectia §i medicina muncii - health and safety ~ de urgenta - emergency measures ~ deflationiste - deflationary measures ~ energice - strong measures ~ represive - retaliatory measures ~ restrictive - restrictive measures ~ §i greutati - weights and measures mana s.f. hand ~ de lucru - manpower, labour (force), hands ~ de lucru angajata cu contract - contract/indentured labour ~ de lucru calificata - skilled labour ~ de lucru neproductiva - unproductive labour ~ de lucru ocazionala/sezoniera - casual labour ~ libera - free hand, full authority a avea ~ libera - to have a free hand a duce lipsa de ~ de lucru - to be short of hands mecanic adj. mechanical s.m. mechanic; engineer ~ brevetat- (mar.) certified engineer ~ de locomotiva - engine operator/ driver, engineman - de punte - (mar.) deck engineer ~ -masinist - engineer ~ -sef - master mechanic, chief engineer mecanism s.n. mechanism; machinery; device; gear ~ al economiei de piata - market economy mechanism ~ al preturilor - price mechanism

~ al ratei de schimb - exchange rate mechanism ~ de echilibrare - (a balantei comerciale) adjustment mechanism ~ economic - economic mechanism mecaniza v.t. to mechanize medic s.m. physician, doctor ~ chirurg - surgeon ~ de medicina generala - family doctor ~ igienist - health officer ~ legist - forensic expert ~ veterinar - veterinary surgeon medicament s.n. medicine, drug, medicament ~ care poate fi cumparat fara reteta medicala - over-the-counter drug medicina s.f. medicine ~ a muncii - industrial/occupational medicine ~ legala - forensic medicine medic s.f. average; mean ~ aritmetica - arithmetical mean ~ de lucru - working mean ~ neponderata - unweighted average ~ ponderata - weighted average mediere s.f. (tranzactionare treptata/ graduald prin cumpdrarea sau vdnzarea de loturi de acUuni din acelayi\ packet la date si preturi diferite) (bur.] averaging mediu s.n. environment

concurential - competitivi environment ~ de afaceri al firmei - firm'! business environment ~ economic - economic environment ~ financiar - financial environment ~ natural - natural environment ~ social - social environme background/milieu

MEM-MAR 219

membru s.m. member; (al unei societdti stiintifice etc.) fellow; (de partid, de sindicat) cardholder ~ activ - active member ~ al bursei - floor member ~ al consiliului de administratie - (company) director, member of the board, trustee ~ al unei comisii - (guvernamentale, parlamentare) commissioner ~ al unui cartel - cartelist ~ al unui consiliu - councillor ~ al unui sindicat - trade unionist ~ al unui sindicat patronal - syndicator ~ fondator - foundation/charter member; (al unei corporatii) corporator ~ neangajat permanent al consiliului de administratie - outside director ~ onorific/de onoare - honorary member ~ supleant - acting/deputy member a fi ~ in - to sit in/on memorandum s. n. memorandum ~ al acordului - memorandum of agreement ~ de achitare/indeplinire a obligatiilor - (de cdtre o societate) memorandum of satisfaction menaj s.n. 1. housekeeping, housewifery 2. (gospoddrie) household menaj er adj. domestic, household... meniu s.n. menu, bill of fare ~ fix - ordinary mensual adj. monthly mentine v.t. to maintain v.r. (despre preturi} to keep up; (in post) to keep one's job mentiona v.t. to mention, to make mention of; (intr-un contract) to set forth; (a specified) to specify

mercantil adj. mercantile mercantilism s. n. mercantilism merceologie s.f. science of commodities mercerie s.f. 1. (articole) haberdashery, mercery, small wares 2. (prdvalie) small-ware shop mercurial s.n. (listd de preturi) price current/list meserias s.m. handicraftsman, craftsman, tradesman meserie s.f. 1. trade, handicraft, craft 2. (profesie) profession, vocation ~ calificata - skilled trade mestesug s.n. 1. (meserie) trade, handicraft, craft 2. (profesie) profession, vocation 3. (pricepere) skill 4. (artd) craftsmanship mestesugar s.m. artisan, handicraftsman, craftsman, tradesman mestesugaresc

adj. handicraft... metalurgie s.f. metallurgy,

handmade,

metallurgical engineering metalurgia feroaselor - ferrous metallurgy ~ neferoaselor - nonferrous metallurgy metoda s.f. method; procedure metoda adaugarii unei cote marginale fixe la pretui de cost - cost-plus method ~ amortizarii liniare - (cont.) straight- -line method ~ compararii factorilor - (in evaluarea unei activitdti) factor comparison method ~ desfasuratorului - (pentru elaborarea situatiei fluxului de numerar) (cont.) spreadsheet approach

MAR-MB1 220

~ in timpi reali - {tehnicd de control menitd sd diminueze volumul stocurilor pe care o societate cu profit de pro-ductie trebuie sd Ie pdstreze) just-in- -time ~ posturilor tranzitorii - accrual basis/concept ~ procentului din vanzari - {metoda de previziune a nevoilor financiare prin exprimarea diferitelor posturi de bilant ca procent din vdnzdri si apoi inmultirea acestor procentaje cu vdnzdrile viitoare estimate pentru a realiza bilanturi pro forma) {cont.) percentage of sales method metoda de amortizare - depreciation method ~ de determinare a preturilor - pricing procedure ~ de estimare la valoarea actuala - (a nnei investitii) present value method ~ de evaluare a stocului - (pentru alocarea costului de achizitie pe stoc) {cont.) inventory costing method ~ de finantare - method of financing ~ de ierarhizare a activitatilor - job ranking method ~ de incercare/testare - testing method, test procedure metric adj. metric metrologie s.f. metrology metropola s.f. metropolis metrou s.n. underground, metropolitan; {SUA) subway metru s.m. metre ~ cub - cubic metre ~ -etalon - standard metre ~ patrat - square metre mezelarie s.f. 1. sausage factory 2. (magazin) ham-and-beef/pork- -butcher's shop

mezoeconomie s.f. intermediate levd of economy mic adj. 1. small 2. (despre venituri. beneficii) poor ~ -burghez - petty bourgeois ~ cabotaj - (intre porturile nationalc din aceeasi mare) (mar) short-sea/near trade, small(-coast) trade, inshoicl navigation/coastal traffic ~ gros - (mdsurd echivalentd cu 12 duzini, 144 de obiecte) small gross mica burghezie - petty bourgeoisie ~ gospodarie taraneasca ~ sn peasant farm ~ Industrie - small industry ~ productie - small(-scale) productioni ~ publicitate - classific advertisement microeconomie s.f. microeconomics micsora v.f. to reduce, to decrease, diminish; (preturi, salarii etc.) lower, to abate, to cut; {preturi) to p down v.r. to decrease, to diminish. abate; {despre preturi) to sink migratie s.f. migration ~ a capitalului - migration of money - ~ internationala a fortei de munca- international labour migration mijioc s.n. 1. middle 2. {mod actiune) means; (metoda) methi (cale) way; {instrument) instrume {resursa) resource 3. pi. means; a facilities mijioace de andocare - doci facilities ~ de antrepozitare - warehoi facilities ~ de comunicare in masa - media ~ de descarcare - discharge facilitie ~ de incarcare - loading facilities

MIJ-MIN 221

~ de manipulare a marfurilor - cargo handling facilities ~ de plata - means of payment, payment media; circulating medium, medium of exchange ~ de productie - means of production, capital/investment goods, producer(s)/ production goods ~ de trai - means of subsistence/living, livelihood ~ de transport - transport facilities, means of conveyance ~ fixe - fixed assets, physical capital ~ independente de trai - (obtinute din rente sail titluri de valoare) independent means ~ legale de plata - legal tender ~ legale limitate de plata - limited legal tender ~ locale - local resources ~ plutitoare - floating equipment ~ portuare - docking/harbour facilities ~ publicitare - advertising media mijioci v.t. (a media) to mediate, to interpose/to intercede/to intervene in mijiocitor s.m. mediator, intermediary; (in negocierf) negotiator; (si in sens negativ) go-between; (numai in sens negativ) pander, procurer mila s.f. (imitate de masurd pentru lungime) mile ~ britanica/terestra - land/British mile; (SUA) statute/statutory mile ~ ecuatoriala/geografica - equatorial/ geographical mile ~ marina/nautica - nautical/marine/ sea mile ~ marina engleza/standard - Admiralty/English/nautical standard mile

~ marina/nautica internationala - international nautical mile ~ Mercator/de latitudine crescanda - Mercator's mile ~ -tren - train mile miliard s.n. milliard; (SUA) billion miliardar s.m. multimillionaire; (SUA) billionaire milion^./z. million milionar^.w. millionaire mina s.f. mine; (put) mine, pit; (cariera) quarry ~ de aur - gold mine, bonanza ~ de carbuni - coal mine/pit, colliery miner s.m. miner; (din minele de carbuni} collier mineral adj., s.n. mineral mineralier s.n, bulk-ore carrier, ore carrier/ship/vessel ~ -carbonier - ore-coal carrier ~ -cerealier - ore-grain carrier ~ -petrolier - ore-oil tanker minereu s.n. ore ~ brut - crude/mine ore ~ -bulgari - lump ore ~ in vrac - ore in bulk minerits.n. mining minim adj., s.n. minimum ~ de subzistenta/trai - minimum living standard minimaliza v.t. to minimize, to belittle; (a subaprecia) to disparage minimum s. n. minimum minister s.n. ministry; (Anglia) office, board; (SUA) department Ministerul Afacerilor Externe - Ministry of External Affairs; (Anglia) Foreign Office; (SUA) State Department ~ Afacerilor Interne - Ministry of Internal/Home Affairs; (Anglia) Home

M1N-MO Office; (SUA) Department of the Interior ~ Agriculturii - (Anglid) Board of Agriculture

Apararii - (SUA) Defense Department ~ Comertului - Ministry of Trade; (Anglid} 'Board of Trade; (SUA) Department of Commerce ~ de Finante - Ministry of Finance; (Anglid) Exchequer; (SUA) Department of Treasury ~ de Justitie - Ministry of Justice; (SUA) Department of Justice ~ Educatiei - Ministry of Education; (Anglid) Board of Education ~ Sanatatii - Ministry of Public Health ministru s.m. minister; (Anglid) secretary of state ~ adjunct - deputy minister; (Anglid) Undersecretary ~ al afacerilor externe - Minister for Foreign Affairs; (Anglid) Foreign Secretary; (SUA) Secretary of State, State Secretary ~ al afacerilor interne - Minister for Internal Affairs; (Anglid) Home Secretary; (SUA) Secretary of the Interior ~ al comertului - Minister of Commerce; (Anglid) President of the Board of Trade ~ de finante - Minister for Finance; (Anglici) Chancellor of the Exchequer; (SUA) Secretary of the Treasury (Department) ~ de justitie - Minister of Justice; (Anglid) Lord Chancellor; (SUA) Attorney General ~ fara portofoliu - Minister without portofolio

~ plenipotentiar - Ministi Plenipotentiary minus s.n. minus; (deficit) defici (lipsd dintr-o cantitate, marfa) short miscare s.f. 1. motion; movement (activitate) activity 3. (sociali movement; (revoltd) revolt, ric commotion, upheaval, uprising 4. (c.j traffic management ~ a capitalului - capital movement ~ civila - (care provoacd dawv (asig.) civil commotion ~ grevista - strike movement ~ portuara - dock traffic ~ revolutionara - revolutionai movement ~ sindicala - trade-union movement mita s.f. bribery; illicit commissio' (data pentru a cumpdra tdcerea cuivi hush-money; (concret) bribe mitui v.t. to bribe, to buy off/ove (martori) to tamper with mituitor s.m. bribe giver; (de marto? tamperer mix s. n. mix ~ de distributie - (combinan canalelor de distributie) distributk mix ~ de marketing - (termen general ca cuprinde diversele elemente d procesului de marketing) marketa mix mixt adj. mixed, joint; (combine composite, compound ; miza v.t., v.i. to stake, to gamble \ miza s.f. stake, gamble moara s.f. mill ~ de apa - water mill mobila v.t. (a amenaja) to furnish mobila s.f. furniture, appointments; I articol separaf) piece of furniture

MOB-MON 223

mobiliar adj. (dr.) movable, personal mobilier s.n. furniture, appointments mobilitate s.f. mobility ~ a capitalului - mobility of capital, capital mobility ~ a fortei de munca - mobility of labour, labour mobility ~ profesionala - (schimbarea structurii profesionale) occupational mobility mod s.n. mode, manner, way, style ~ de consum - (concept care reflectd proportiile dintre venituri si inega- litdtile determinate de ele in consumul popiilatiei) consumption pattern ~ de intrebuintare - pattern ~ de viata — {concept esential pentru deflnirea identitdtii socioeconomice a uiiui grup social) lifestyle moda s.f. fashion model s.n. model, pattern ~ al cresterii economice - model of economic growth ~ al incasarii debitorilor- collection pattern ~ de cec - specimen of cheque ~ de utilizare a salariatilor - staff- -pattem ~ econometric - econometric model ~ economic - economic model ~ industrial in dezvoltare - developing industrial model ~ -tip — representative type modern adj. modern; (la zi, actualizat) up-to-date modest adj. (despre venituri, beneficii) poor mol s.n. pier, mole ~ cu dana de petrol - oil pier ~ cu dane pentru marfuri - cargo pier ~ vamal - customs wharf

monarhie s.f. monarchy ~ absoluta - absolute monarchy ~ constitutionals - constitutional/ limited monarchy mondial adj. world(-wide) mondoeconomie s.f. world economy moneda s.f. (metalicd) coin; (imitate monetard a unei tdri) currency; money ~ bancara/scripturala - (depozite bancare etc.) nonphysical/deposit money ~ -cheie - key currency ~ convertibila - convertible currency ~ cu curs fortat - forced currency ~ cu titlu legal - coin of legal fineness ~ curenta - currency, current money ~ de cont - money of account, accounting currency ~ de hartie - paper currency/money ~ din aur sail argint - full-bodied currency ~ dirijata - managed currency/money ~ divizionara/de bilon - fractional currency/money, divisional/subsidiary/ token coin ~ efectiva - real money ~ elastica - adjustable/elastic currency ~ falsa - false/bad coin, counterfeit coin/money, base coinage ~ fictiva - fiat money ~ Hduciara - fiduciary note, paper currency/money, token money ~ Huctuanta - floating currency ~ legala - lawful currency, legal tender ~ -marfa - commodity money ~ metalica - coin, specie, hard money, metallic currency ~ neconvertibila - unconvertible currency ~ stabila - stable/sound currency ~ -tip - standard coin

MON- 224

monetar adj. monetary, currency..., nummary, nummular monetarism s.n. monetarism monetarie s.f. mint; security printing office monocultura s.f. monoculture, one- /single-crop system monometalism s.n. (sistem monetar bazat pe un singur metal pretios) (fin.) monometallism, single standard monopols.n. monopoly ~ absolut - absolute monopoly ~ asupra vanzarilor - selling monopoly ~ bilateral - (instituit intre un cumpdrdtor unic si un vdnzdtor unic) bilateral monopoly ~ comercial - commercial/supplier's monopoly ~ de stat - public/state/govemment monopoly ~ discriminatoriu - discriminating/ discriminatory monopoly ~ fiscal - (al statului) fiscal monopoly ~ institutional - (instituit atunci cdnd proprietarul unei mdrci de fabricd o foloseste pentru a-si impime produsele prin publicitate si ambalaj special pentru a Ie diferentia cu once pret de oferta concurentel) institutional monopoly ~ legal — legal monopoly ~ natural - (situatie a pietei caracte- rizatd prin existenta unei singure firme sau a unui numdr foarte mic de firme ofertante care dispun de resurse naturale inaccesibile celorlalte firme) natural monopoly ~ perfect/total - perfect monopoly ~ unilateral - unilateral monopoly

monopolist adj. monopolistic monopolist monopoliza v.t. to monopolize; <J to engross; {mdrfuri, actiuni) to cor monopson s.n. (unicd firmd CUK rdtoare a unui bun sau a unui serm oferit de un numdr mare de proSi^ cdtori) monopsony, buyer's monopoly monopsonist^./M. monopsonist morar s.m. miller moratoriu s. n. moratorium (

mostra s.f. sample, pattern; (J material textil) swatch ~ aleatorie - random sample ~ de control - check sample ~ de valoare - sample of value ~ din marfa preluata - outturn sampi ~ fara valoare - (mentiune pe un coh de mostre) sample post ~ gratuita - free sample; (pferitd i scop promotional) handout ~ medie - (din diferite unitdti d marfa) unit type ~ reprezentativa - representatm adequate sample ~ statistics - master sample a lua o ~ - to take a sample mosteni v.t. to inherit mostenire s.f. inheritance, heritagi hereditament, heirdom; (legaf) legaq (de bunuri mobile) bequest ~ a unui legatar universal - residual bequest/legacy ~ neasteptata - windfall ~ vacanta - vacant succession mostenitoare s.f. heiress mostenitor s.m. inheritor, hei (legatar) legatee; (de bunuri inn biliare) devisee; (succesor} successor ~ aparent - heir apparent ~ legitim/de drept - heir-at-law

MO§-MUN 225

~ prezumptiv - heir presumptive ~ subsecvent - remainderman ~ testamentar - (legatar} heir testamentary motel s.n. motel, motor hotel motivatie s.f. motivation ~ a consumatorului - consumer's motivation ~ de profit - profit motivation motiune s.f. motion; vote ~ de incredere - vote of confidence ~ de neincredere - vote of no- -confidence, want-of-confidence vote a adopta o ~ - to carry a vote mulgere s.f. {strategic de marketing pe termen scurt care urmdreste obtinerea rapidd de profit) milking multibranding s.n. (iitilizarea mai multor mdrci in cadrul aceleiasi linii de prodtise) multibranding multilateral adj. multilateral multilateralism s.n. (corn.) multilateralism multimilionar s.m. multimillionaire multinational adj. multinational multiplicator^-.w. (fin.) multiplier ~ bugetar - (exprimd cumulativ efectele politicii bugetare de relansare economica} budget multiplier ~ fiscal — (coeficient ce reflectd cresterea productiei si a venitidui prin diminuarea impozitelor, fdrd ca totahd cheltuielilor bugetare sdfie modificat} fiscal multiplier ~ monetar - (influentarea masei monetare din economic prin modificarea necesarului de rezervd sail prin folosirea operathinilor de piatd deschisa) money multiplier munca s.f. 1. work, labour; (grea) sweat, toil 2. {ocupatie} job, work

~ a copiilor - (folosirea copiilor in activitdti productive) child labour ~ abstracta - (in teoria marxistd} abstract labour/work ~ accesorie - by(e)-work ~ calificata - skilled work ~ concreta - (in teoria marxista) concrete labour/work ~ complementara - follow-up work ~ conform graficului - schedule work ~ cu norma intreaga - whole-/full--time work ~ cu ziua - work by the day, day labour ~ de birou - office/clerical work ~ de mantuiala - rush work ~ de noapte - nightwork ~ directa — (fabricarea unui produs sail oferirea unui serviciu) direct labour ~ fizica - manual labour, physical work ~ gratuita - labour of love ~ grea/istovitoare - hard work, overwork ~ indirecta — (activitatea de administrate, intretinere etc.} indirect labour ~ intelectuala - intellectual/brain work ~ in acord -job/task work, piecework, work at piece rates/by the job; (in mine} tutwork ~ in echipa/colectiv - teamwork ~ in schimburi/ture - shift work/ labour ~ la domiciliu - homework ~ manuala - manual work/labour, handiwork ~ necalificata - unskilled work; (inferioard} underwork

MUN-MLT 226

~ neproductiva - unproductive/wasted work ~ ocazionala - odd work/job ~ platita/salariata - wage/hired labour ~ platita cu ora sau cu ziua - timework ~ platita pe unitatea de timp - work at time rates ~ suplimentara - (ore suplimentare) overtime (work), overwork, surplus labour munci v.i. to work; (a trudi) to labour, to sweat, to toil; (ocazional) to job v.t. (pdmantuT) to till ~ in acord - to do piece work, to work by the piece, to work piecemeal muncitor adj. \. working 2. (harnic) industrious, active, hard-working s.m. worker, workman ~ agricol - agricultural worker, field/farm hand ~ autorizat - licensed worker ~ calificat - skilled worker ~ care determina norma - pacemaker, pacer, pacesetter ~ cu jumatate de norma/cu program redus - half-timer/'-time worker, part- -time work ~ cu ziua - day labourer ~ de fabrica - factory worker ~ evazionist - (care are cloud servicii, veniturile suplimentare obtinute din cea de-a doua shijbd, practicatd de obicei noaptea, fund frecvent nedeclarate) moonligter

~ exploatat - sweatee ~ feroviar - railman, railwayman; (SUA) railroader ~ forestier - forest worker; (SL'A} lumberjack, lumberman ~ industrial - industrial worker ~ invalid/fara capacitate de munca - disabled worker ~ in acord - jobber, job/task worker, pieceworker ~ necaliHcat - unskilled worker, labourer ~ ocazional - floater, occasional hand ~ portuar - longshoreman, stevedore, loader, lumper, dock(side)/watersidt worker; (pe chei) quayman ~ semicalificat - semiskilled worker ~ sezonier - season(al) worker muncitori esentiali - (cu sarcini ^ responsabilitdti deosebite} (man.) core workers ~ nesindicalizati - free labour ~ periferici - (mutati in interes dt serviciu] (man.) peripheral workers ~ sindicalizati - organized/union labour municipal adj. municipal municipalitate s.f. municipality municipal authority, (municipal corporation, corporate town munte s.m. mountain ~ de pietate - pawnshop, mont-det -piete I mutual adj. mutual I

N natura s.f. 1. (CM diferite sensuri) nature 2. (/e/) kind, character ~ §i grad al avariei - (asig.) nature and extent of the damage a plati in ~ - to pay in kind nationaliza v.t. to nationalize naufragia v.i. to (suffer) shipwreck naufragiu s.n. shipwreck, (marine) casualty; distress, sea disaster nava s.f. ship, vessel, boat; (de mic tonaj) craft, watercraft ~ abandonata - abandoned ship/vessel, derelict ~ -atelier - repairing ship ~ -baza - accommodation/base ship, tender ~ ca parte contractanta - (CM obUgatii ?i drepturi) ship's side ~ -cap de convoi - leading vessel ~ -cisterna - tank ship/vessel, tanker ~ combinata - (pentru minereu §i ceredle sail minereu fi cdrbune) double-duty ship/vessel; (pentru pasageri §i mdrfuri) passenger-cargo ship/vessel, intermediate/mixed vessel ~ combinata tip OBO - (pentru petrol-mdrfuri in vrac-minereii) combined oil-bulk-ore, ore-bulk-oil ship ~ combinata tip 00 - (pentru petrol fi minereu) oil-ore ship ~ comerciala - commercial ship/ vessel, merchant ship/vessel, trade ship/vessel, trading ship/vessel, trader, freighter, cargo boat ~ compartimentata - subdivided ship

~ de cabotaj - coastal/coasting ship, coastwise ship/vessel, coast trade ship/vessel, short-haul ship/vessel, coaster, shoaler

de cabotaj mic - short-sea ship/vessel, inshore vessel ~ de cabotaj national - home-trade ship/vessel, home trader ~ de canal - canal boat - de cartel maritim - conference ship/vessel ~ de cercetari hidrografice - survey ship ~ de cercetari oceanografice - oceanographic survey ship ~ de companie - (a aceluiaî armator) sister ship/vessel ~ de control - (yamal, sanitar §i de frontierd) boarding ship/vessel, examination vessel ~ de control al poluarii - pollution control ship/vessel ~ de control vamal - customs/revenue ship ~ de croaziera - cruise ship/vessel ~ de cursa lunga - oversea(s) ship/ vessel, foreign-going ship/vessel, long- -range/'distance ship/vessel ~ de cursa zilnica - day-service ship ~ de curse regulate/linie - liner, regular trader ~ de lacuri - lake craft, lake-type vessel, laker

de linie transatlantica -transatlantic liner ~ de mare tonaj - large ship/vessel

228 NAV-NAV ~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk carrier/trader ~ de mic tonaj - small/noncapital ship ~ de navigatie interioara - inland navigation ship/vessel ~ de pasageri - passenger ship/ vessel/trader ~ de pastrare temporara a mar-furilor - {neincdrcate in termen) ship's accommodation craft ~ de pescuit - fishing boat/ship/vessel ~ de rada - roads ship/vessel, roader ~ de ranfluare - (salvage) lifting craft/ship ~ de serie - serial/series-built vessel, sister ship/vessel ~ de tonaj foarte mare - leviathan ~ de tonaj foarte mic - shiplet ~ de transport - carrier, carrying vessel ~ de transport combinat - dual--purpose vessel, combination carrier ~ dezafectata - (scoasd din functiune) disabled ship/vessel, idle ship/vessel, ship out-of-commission ~ fluviala - river boat/ship/vessel ~ frigorifica - refrigerated carrier/ ship/vessel, reefer (ship) ~ frigorifica de carne - meat carrier/ship/vessel, frozen meat ship/ vessel ~ frigorifica de pe§te - refrigerated fish carrier ~ in balast - (fdrd incdrcdtura) ship in ballast ~ in serviciu/exploatare - ship in commission/service ~ incarcata - ship in laden condition, laden vessel ~ maritima ~ marine vessel, sea ship, seagoing ship/vessel

~ mineraliera - ore carrier/ship/vessel mixta - (cdldtori §i mar/a) passenger-

cargo ship/vessel, cargo- -and-passenger ship/vessel, intermediate/mixed vessel; (po^tald î de mar/a) cargo-mail vessel ~ navlosita - chartered ship/vessel, contract carrier ~ navlosita pe termen - time- -chartered ship/vessel ~ necartelata - nonconference carrier/ship/vessel ~ nuda - (navlosita fdrd echipaj) bare boat ~ oceanica - ocean-going ship/vessel ~ oceanica de linie - ocean liner ~ pe perna de aer - hovercraft ~ pentru animale vii - cattleship ~ pentru autovehicule - car carrier, car-transport ship/vessel, vehicle cargo ship/vessel ~ pentru cereale - cereal carrier, grain carrier/ship, grain-carrying ship/vessel ~ pentru cherestea - timber carrier/ ship/vessel, timber-carrying vessel ~ pentru ciment - cement carrier ~ pentru materii prime - (minereuri, titei etc.) industrial carrier ~ pentru marfuri - cargo boat/carrier, cargo (-carrying) ship/vessel, freight carrier, freighter ~ pentru marfuri generale - general cargo carrier/ship/vessel ~ pentru marfuri grele - heavy- -cargo/-lift carrier/ship/vessel ~ pentru marfuri in vrac - bulk cargo carrier/ship/vessel ~ pentru marfuri paletizate - pallet carrier/ship/vessel, pallet-carrying ship/ vessel

NAV-NAV 229 ~ pentru marfuri standard - standard cargo ship ~ pentru marfuri uscate - dry-cargo vessel ~ pentru minereuri fluidizate - slurry carrier ~ petroliera - oil carrier/ship/vessel/ tanker, oil-carrying ship/vessel, tank ship/vessel, oiler, tanker ~ portuara - harbour/port ship ~ remorcata - towing ship/vessel ~ sechestrata - arrested ship ~ sub pavilion nationa! - national flag ship/vessel ~ sub pavilion strain - foreign ship/vessel, foreigner ~ tip RO-RO - (pentru mijiouce rulante) roll-on-roll-off ship/vessel, ,,roro" ship/vessel '- -tramp ~ (de curse neregulate) tramp, tramper ~ -tramp de linie - tramp liner - - tramp universala - general- -purpose tramp ~ -uzina - (pentru prelurrarea pe^tehii la bord) factory ship/vessel a arma o ~ - to fit out a ship a scoate o ~ din exploatare - to lay up a ship naveta s.f. (c.f.) down-and-up-train; (SUA) commutation a face naveta - to rim to and fro, to run shuttle service; (despre o nava, un aiiiobuz etc.) to ply navetist.v.m. regular traveller naviga v.i. to sail, to navigate; (despre nave comerciale) to trade navigabil adj. navigable, passable navigatie s.f. navigation, sailing; shipping ~ aeriana - air navigation

~ comerciala - commercial navigation/ shipping ~ costiera - coast(al)/coastwise navigation, coasting ~ de cabotaj - cabotage, short-sea shipping, inshore navigation ~ de cursa lunga - long-distance/deep- -sea navigation, foreign trade ~ fluviala - river navigation ~ interioara - inland/inner/inside navigation, internal shipping -- maritima - maritime/marine navigation, sea navigation/shipping ~ oceanica - ocean navigation/ shipping ~ pe distanta lunga - long-distance navigation/shipping, long-range navigation ~ pe distanta scurta - short-distance navigation/shipping, short-range navigation ~ regulata/de linie - line/liner shipping ~ -tramp - (pe itinerarii neregulate} tramp navigation navlosi v.t. (mar.) to charter, to freight, to affreight ~ cu navlu forfetar/global - to charter for lump sum ~ spatiu pe o nava - to charter space navlosire s.f. (mar.) chartering, freightage, affreightment ~ a navei nude - (fdrd echipaj §i materiale) chartering by demise, bare- -hoat/-mill/-pole chartering

cu navlu forfetar/global -affreightment for a lump sum, lump sum chartering ~ partiala - part chartering ~ pe termen - time chartering

230 NAV-NAV ~ pe termen lung - long-term chartering ~ pe voiaj - trip chartering ~ pentru o calatorie dus-intors - round-trip chartering ~ pentru un singur voiaj - single- -voyage chartering ~ simpla - single chartering ~ totala — (a intregii capacitdti de incarcare) whole cargo chartering navlositor s.m. (mar.) charterer, affreighter, freighter ~ pe termen - time charterer ~ principal - chartered/disponent owner, freight contractor navlu s.n. (cost al transportului mdrfurilor pe apa) freight, charter money, portage, seaborne/seagoing freight ~ ad valorem - (calculat in functie de valoarea mdrfurilor transportate) ad valorem freight ~ brut - (inclusiv taxelor portuare §i cheltuielile de alimbare) freight in full, gross freight ~ calculat pentru capacitatea neta de transport - on deadweight basis freight ~ castigat oricum - (chiar dacd nova si/sau caricul s-ar pierde) freight earned ship and/or cargo lost or not lost ~ contra ramburs - freight forward ~ contractual - charter/chartered/ contract/agreed freight ~ cumulat - aggregate freight ~ de cartel - conference freight ~ de inapoiere — home/homeward/ back/retum/inbound/inward freight ~ de plecare/ducere/iesire - outward/ outgoing/outbound/out freight

~ diferentiat — (pentru mdrfuri care se transportd regulat in cantitdti man) commodity rates ~ direct - through freight ~ dublu - double freight ~ ,,dus-intors" - out-and-home freight ~ egal - (chiar dacd nava va descdrca in mai multe portiiri) flat rate ~ estimat - estimated freight ~ excesiv - (calculat greît) excess/ over freight ~ global/forfetar - lump sum freight ~ intreg/total - full freight ~ la cubaj/volum - freight by measurement ~ la destinatie - destination freight, port of call freight ~ maritim - sea freight ~ mort — (navlu platit pentru spatiul neincdrcat din vina navlositorului) dead freight ~ nedeterminat - pending freight ~ net - net freight ~ oceanic - ocean freight ~ pe distanta - distance freight ~ pe timp - charter/time freight ~ pe voiaj - voyage freight ~ pentru marfuri de cabotaj - coastal freight ~ pentru marfuri de cubaj/volum - measurement rate ~ pentru marfuri de export - outbound/outward freight ~ pentru marfuri generale - package freight ~ pentru marfuri in tranzit - in- -transit freight ~ platibil in portui de incarcare - freight payable at port of loading ~ platibil la destinatie - freight at risk/payable at destination

NAV-NED 231 ~ platibil pe cantitatea incarcata - freight payable on intaken quantity ~ platibil pe cantitatea predata - freight payable on delivered quantity ~ platit anticipat - advance/ anticipated/forward freight ~ platit proportional - (cu distanta parcursd)pro rata freight ~ ridicat - high freight ~ scazut - distress/low freight ~ suplimentar - additional/extra freight, overfreight ~ $i contrastalii - freight and demurrage ~ §i cost - freight and cost ~ -tramp - tramp/shipping freight neacceptare s.f. nonacceptance, default of acceptance ~ a unei cambii - nonacceptance of a bill of exchange neachitare s.f. nonpayment; (neonorare a unui cec, a unei cambii) dishono(u)r neachitat adj. unpaid, unsettled, unreceipted; (despre datorii) uncleared; (despre taxe, impolite} delinquent; (restant) outstanding neacoperire s.f. (a unui ordin de plata} overdraft nealocat adj. {despre fonduri} unappropriated neambalat adj. unpacked, loose neamortizabil adj. irredeemable, unredeemable neamortizat adj. unredeemed neandosat adj. unendorsed neanulat adj. uncancelled neaprobat adj. unapproved neasigurabil adj. uninsurable neasigurat adj. uninsured; unassured; (asig. mar.) bare

neautorizat adj. unauthorized, unlicensed neavariat adj. undamaged neavizat adj. (formula pe un efect de comerf) no advice/orders nebrevetat adj. unlicensed necalificat adj. unqualified, unskilled necatalogat adj. uncatalogued necesar adj. necessary, needful; (cerut) required; (indispefisabi!) indispensable, essential, requisite s.n. want, wantage; requirement ~ de capital - capital requirement ~ de marja - (suma minima solicitata m depozit tuturor detinatorilor de contracte futures} (bur.) margin requirement necesita v.t. to necessitate, to require necesitate s.f. necessity, need; want, wantage; (cerinta) requirement necheltuit adj. unspent necomercial adj. (contrar iizantelor comerciale) unbusinesslike necompletat adj. (in alb) blank neconditionat adj. unconditional; absolute; (nespecificat) unstipulated; (fard conditii) termless neconfirrnat adj. unconfirmed; (despre vdrsaminte, plati) unacknowledged neconsemnat adj. (in documentele oficiale) off^-the-record neconstituit adj. (sub forma unei corporatii) (SU.4) unincorporated neconvertibil adj. unconvertible, inconvertible necorespunzator adj. inadequate necostisitor adj. inexpensive necotat adj. (bur.) unlisted, unquoted nedatat adj. dateless, undated nedebursat adj. undisbursed

232 NED-NEC nedefinitivat adj. (despre un contract) open-ended nedepunere s.f. (a reclamatiei in termen legal) (dr.) nonclaim nedisponibil adj. unavailable nedistribuit adj. undistributed, undivided, unappropriated neeconomic adj. uneconomic; wasteful neeconomicitate s.f. (dezeconomie) diseconomy neelastic adj. {despre cerere, ofertd etc.) inelastic neemis adj. {despre actiuni, obligatiuni) unissued neevaluat adj. unvalued, unassessed, unrated neexecutare s.f. nonexecution, nonperformance, nonfulfilment ~ a unui contract - nonexecution/ nonperformance of a contract neexecutoriu adj. (despre un contract, o hotdrdre judecdtoreascd) unenforceable nefalsificat adj. (despre bduturd) unadulterated; genuine nefavorabil adj. unfavourable nefertil adj. (despre sol) poor nefolosit adj. unemployed negarantat adj. unsecured, unwarranted negativ adj. negative neglijenta adj. negligence ~ culpabila - (asig.) contributory negligence negocia v.t. to negociate v.i. to hold negotiations/talks negociabil adj. negotiable; (despre titluri de valoare) marketable, transferable negociator^.m. negotiator

negociere s.f. negotiation, bargaining; (a unui imputernicit) procuration; pi. talks ~ a contradului colectiv de munca -collective bargaining negocieri cu voce tare/prin strigare -(bur.) outcry ~ dure - hard bargain ~ in curs - negotiations in progress, on-going negotiations ~ la nivel inalt - summit talks, top (-level) negotiations ~ salariale - wage negotiations a fi in ~ cu cineva - to be in negotiations with smb. a incepe ~ - to enter into/to open negotiations a purta - - to hold talks negots.n. trade, commerce a face ~ cu - to deal in smth., to trade in smth. with smb. negrevat adj. (de sarcini ipotecare) unencumbered negustor s.m. merchant, dealer; (in cuvinte compose) monger; (cu magazin) shopkeeper, shopman; (de mdruntisuri, de bdcdnie) chandler ~ ambulant - pedlar, hawker, bagman, itinerant dealer; (de fructe, legume, peste etc.) coster(monger) ~ cu amanuntui - petty dealer ~ cu ridicata - wholesale/direct trader, wholesaler ~ de - dealer in ~ de articole de fier/fierarie -ironmonger ~ de cereale - corn dealer ~ de cherestea - timber merchant ~ de lana - wool stapler ~ de legume §i fructe - greengrocer ~ de marunti§uri - haberdasher

NEG-NER 233 ~ de mercerie - mercer ~ de pe$te - fishmonger ~ de vinuri - wine merchant ~ de vite - livestock/cattle dealer negustorie s.f. trade, commerce; (in magazin) shopkeeping neimpozabil adj. tax-exempt/-free, not liable to taxation, untaxable neipotecat adj. unmortgaged, free from encumbrance nemcasat adj. (despre taxe, impozite) uncollected nemcarcat adj. (mar.) no-cargo condition neindeplinire s.f. nonexecution, nonperfonnance, nonfulfilment; (a unui contract) default ~ a obligatiilor legale - (dr.) nonfeasance nemregistrat adj. unregistered, unentered nelegal adj. lawless nelichidat adj. (despre datorii) uncleared nelimitat adj. (fard termen final) termless nelivrare s.f. nondelivery, failure to deliver nelivrat adj. undelivered nelucrator adj. nonworking nemuncit adj. unearned nenavigabil adj. unnavigable nenavigabilitate s.f. (a unei nave maritime, fluviale) unseaworthiness; (a unei aeronave) unairworthiness nenavlosit adj. (mar.) unchartered nenegociabil adj. unnegotiable neoficial adj. unofficial neonorare s.f. (a unui cec, a unei cambii) dishono(u)r nepatentat adj. unlicensed

neplasat adj. (nevdndut) unplaced neplata s.f. nonpayment, failure to pay; (a datoriilor la scadentd) delinquency neprelucrat adj. raw, crude; unmanufactured, unfinished nepretios adj. (despre metale) base neprevazut adj. unforeseen; (neasteptat) unexpected neprezentare s.f. (in instantd) default, nonappearance neproductiv adj. unproductive; (despre capital) dormant; (despre sol) poor; (neutilizat, neoperativ) unemployed, idle neproductivitate s.f. unproduc-tiveness, nonproductivity neprofesional adj. nonprofessional neprofesionist adj. nonprofessional neprofitabil adj. unprofitable, profitless nerambursabil adj. irredeemable, unredeemable, nonretumable, nonreimbursable nerecuperabil adj. irrecoverable, nonrecoverable, expendable nerecuperat adj. unrecovered nerentabil adj. unprofitable, profitless, unrein unerative nerentabilitate s.f. unprofitableness nerepartizat adj. undistributed, unappropriated nerespectare s.f. nonobservance, failure to observe, default; (medicare) breach ~ a obligatiilor luate - default on obligations undertaken ~ a secretului - breach of confidence/' security nereu$ita s.f. failure nerevendicat adj. unclaimed; (despre un bun) dormant

234 NES-NOR nescadent adj. undue, unmatured nesigur adj. unsafe; (indoielnic, dubios) doubtful nesindicalizat adj. nonunion nesoldat adj. unbalanced nesolicitat adj. uncalled nesolutionat adj. unsettled nesubscris adj. (desprc capital) unsubscribed nesubventionat adj. unsubsidized net adj. nei; clear netaxat adj. unrated neto adv. net neutiSizat adj. unemployed idle neutraiitate s.f. neutrality ~ fiscala - (ace! sislem ds iinpunere, acele impozite si taxe care ru provoacd permrbdri ale alocdrii resurselor productive) fiscal neutrality nevandabil adj. unsaleable, unmarketable, unmerchantable, unrealizable, sateless nevamuit adj. uncustomed, uncleared neverificat adj. unverified, unchecked, (de cenzori) unaudited nevoia$ adj. needy, poor, desdtute s.m. needy person nevoie s.f. 1. (necesitate) need, necessity 2. (lipsd) need, want; (sdrd- cie) poverty, destitution 3. (jend financiard) straits, straitened circumstances ~ dc bunuri competitive - competitive need ni§a s.f. niche ~ de piata - niche market nivel s.n. level; standard; scale ~ acceptabil de calitate - acceptable quality level ~ al datoriei pentru care se poate declara falimentui - bankruptcy level ~ al preturilor - price level

- al productiei - scale of production, output level ~ al salariilor - wage level ~ al tarifelor - tariff level ~ de cheltuieli prevazute - cost standards ~ de dezvoltare economica - level of economic development ~ de rezistenta - (al cursului actiunilor) resistance level - de subzistenta - subsistence level ~ de trai - standard of living, living standard ~ maxim- ceiling ~ minim al salariilor - wage floor -- minim al ucui pret - {controluf) price iloor nod s.n. (imitate, de musurd penlru viteza) (mar.) knot nomenclator s.n. classified list; schedule ~ comercia! - trade terms ~ de export - bill/list of export goods, export list ~ de marfuri - bill/list of goods nomenclatura s.f. nomenclature ~ vamala - customs nomenclature nominal adj. nominal norma v.t. to standardize, to normalize normare s.f. standardization, normalization, rate setting/fixing normator s.m. rate setter/fixer, standardizer; taskmaster; (in constructii) quantity surveyor norma s.f. 1. standard, norm; (reguld) rule; (specificatie, prescriptie') specification 2. (de productie, consum etc.) rate; (a unui salariat, a unui serviciu etc.) work load ~ de consum - rate of consumption, consumption rate

NOR-NOV 235 ~ de descarcare - discharge rate, unloading/lading rate ~ de descarcare a navei - (in tone) discharge tonnage rate ~ de incarcare - loading rate ~ de lucru - rate of work, job rate ~ de manipulare - (a marfurilor) handling rate ~ de operare - (a navei) handling rate ~ de operare a portului - port efficiency ~ de pierderi admise - loss allowance ~ de productie - rate of production, output standard ~ de timp - time standard ~ de transport - rate of transport ~ fixata zilnic - (cu plata zilnicd conditionatd de mdeplinire) measured day work ~ flexibila - flexible working hours ~ intreaga - whole-/riill-time work ~ nerigida - loose standard ~ orara - hourly rate ~ partiala - part-time work ~ pe gura de magazie - (mar.) hatch(way) speed norme de livrare - specifications for delivery ~ de procedura - (dr.) rules of procedure ~ de receptie - acceptance specifications ~ de securitatea muncii - labour safety rules, safety prescriptions/ regulations ~ tehnice - standard specifications a depasi norma - to exceed/to top/to overfulfil the work a sparge ~ - to smash the target notars.m. notary ~ public - notary public

notarial adj. notarial notariats.n. notary's office nota s.f. note; memorandum ~ de achitare/indeplinire a obli-gatiilor - (de cdtre o societate) memorandum of satisfaction ~ de asigurare provizorie -provisional note ~ de avizare - (corn., fin.) advice note ~ de avizare a scadentei - prompt note ~ de comanda - order note ~ de confirmare/recunoastere a datoriei - (corn.) (SUA) due bill ~ de creditare - credit note ~ de debit garantata - (prin care un bun prezentat drept garantie poate fi pretins de creditor ca plata a datoriei) secured note ~ de debit negarantata - unsecured note ~ de debitare - debit note ~ de livrare - delivery note ~ de onorariu - note of fees ~ de plata - bill (of costs), account, cash note ~ de reinnoire - (ofertd de remnoire a contractului de asigurare) renewal notice ~ diplomatic^ - memorandum, diplomatic note notifica v.t. to notify, to give notice notificare s.f. notification, notice ~ de anulare - notice of cancellation ~ de credit - credit note ~ de ,,nava gata de incarcare" - stem note ~ de ,,nava gata de operare" - notice of readiness nova tie s.f. (dr.) novation novatiune v. novatie

236 NU-NL'T nil adv. no ~ salvezi, nu platesc - (conditie de baza a contractului de salvare) (mar.} no cure, no pay ~ se cere - (despre actiuni) (bur.) no bid nud adj. (despre o nava fdrd echipaf) bare nul adj. 1. (dr.) null 2. (far a valoare) null, worthless, of no value ~ si neavenit - null and void militate s.f. (dr.) nullity, voidness, invalidity "-' de drept - nullity in law ~ de fapt - actual nullity ~ de fond - substantive nullity ~ virtuala - construed nullify numai adv. only ~ daca este cauzat de - unless caused by ~ la comanda - to order only ~ pierderea totala - (asig. mar.) total loss only ~ pierderea totala prin interpretare - (asig. mar.) constructive total loss only niimar s.n. 1. number; (cifrd} figure 2. (la garderoba) check; (la imbrd- caminte) size 3. (al unui ziar) issue ~ de identificare al contribuabilului - (SUA) taxpayer identification number ~ de inregistrare - registration number ~ de ordine - running number "- de securitate al cardului - card security number ~ de serie/fabricatie - serial number ~ de vizite — (facute de un reprezentant comercial clientilor sau potentialilor clienti) call rate ~ foarte mare - (la imbracdmmte) outsize

~- fractionar - fractional number ~ impar/fara sot - - odd number ~ intreg - whole number ~ multiplu - multiple (quantity) ~ par/cu sot - even number numere cu doua cifre - (de la 10 la 99) double figures numara v.t. to number, to count (up); (a calcula, a socoti) to compute, to reckon nume s.n. name "- a! beneficiarului - name of the payee ~ comerciai - business name, style ~ de familie -- family name •- fictiv - fictitious name - social - corporal name, name of a firm/company ~ si prenume - full name numerar s.n. cash, ready/effective money ~ contra documente -- prompt cash against documents ~ disponibil - available/spare cash ~ in casa - cash in hand a plati m ~ - to pay in cash numerota v.t. to number' (pugi'lile unui registru) to folio numi v.t. (inlr-o fiinctie) to name, to appoint, to assign, to nominate; (i/itr-m post) to place numire s.f. (intr-o functie) appointment, assignment, nomination; (incadrare intr-un post) placement numismatica s.f. numismatics, numismatology nutret.s'.n. forage, fodder

0 obiceis.n. (deprindere) habit obiceiuri ale consumatorilor/tn materie de consum - consumption habits obiect s.n. 1. object, thing 2. (de studhi) subject (matter); (a! wiei cercetdri) object; {de activitate al unei societdti) object 3. (interes) interest 4. (articol, produs) article, item; pi. goods ~ al asigurarii - insurable interest ~ al contractului - purpose of a contract ~ al impunerii - taxable article ~ al litigiului - subject of an action ~ al proprietatii - (element constitntiv al activului patrimonial, identificabil si mdsurabil, corporal sau incorporat) property asset ~ asigurat - subject matter insured ~ in rise - (asig.) interest at risk obiecte de artizanat - handicraft - de familie - (care se transmit din generatie in generatie) (dr.) heirloom ~ desperecheate/disparate - odd- -come-shorts ~ pierdute - (intr-un loc public) lost property ~ valoroase/de valoare - valuables obiectiv adj. objective; impartial, fair, unbiassed s.n. 1. (scop) goal, object, aim, design, purpose 2. (industrial) industrial unit/project ~ final - ultimate goal obliga v.t. 1. (a sili, a constrdnge) to oblige, to compel, to force, to coerce 2. (prin contract, angajamente legate)

(dr.) to bind v.r. to oblige/to bind oneself obligant s.m. (persoana fata de care altd persoana se obliga prin contract, creditor) obligee obligat adj. 1. (silit, constrans) forced, compelled 2. (prin contract) bound 3. (mdatorat) obliged, indebted s.m. (persoana care se obliga. prin contract, debitor) obligor obligatar adj. bond... obligatoriu adj. compulsory, obligatory, binding obligatie s.f. obligation; (legala) (legal) obligation; (rdspundere) liability; (de serviciu) duty ~ cedata unui delegat/mandatar - (dr.) vicarious liability ~ consensuala - (dr.) consensual obligation ~ contractuala - contractual obligation ~ executorie - operative obligation ~ financiara - financial liability ~ neconditionata - (dr.) absolute liability ~ oneroasa - onus ~ solidara - (dr.) joint and several obligation ~ unilaterala - (dr.) deed poll ~ viitoare - prospective obligation obligatii fiscale - tax liabilities ~ reciproce - (ale armatorilor in caz de coliziune) (mar.) cross liabilities ~ sporite - accrued liabilities obligatiune s.f. (fin.) bond ~ activa - (cu dobdndd fixa) active bond

238 OBL-OBL ~ -buldog — (emisa de societdti strdine pepiata Marii Britanii) bulldog bond ~ chirografara - (dr.) naked/simple/ unsecured debenture ~ convertibila - (care, la scadentd, poate fi schimbatd, in anumite conditii, cu alte titluri, in loc sd fie platitd) convertible bond ~ cu castiguri - lottery/prize bond; (obligatiune municipald sustinutd prin veniturile proiectului finantat) revenue bond ~ cu cupoane - (de dobdnda) coupon bond ~ cu cupon zero - (titlu emis pe baza de scant, fdrd cupon anual) zero- -coupon bond ~ cu discont — (vdndutd sub valoarea nominala) discount bond ~ cu discont mare - (dar care oferd dobdnda mica) (SUA) deep discount bond ~ cu dobanda esalonata - (care creste gradual) deferred bond ~ cu dobanda fixa - debenture bond ~ cu dobanda variabila - escalator bond ~ cu ipoteca prioritara - (SUA) first mortgage bond ~ cu optiune - (obligatiune msotitd de dreptui de a subscrie, mtr-o perioadd data si la un pretfixat anterior, actiuni ale societdtii care emite imprumutui sau ale unei societdti mrudite) bond with warrant ~ cu premii prin tragere la sorti - premium (savings) bond ~ cu rise mare - (cu dobdnzi inalte oferite in compensate pentru bonitatea adesea scdzutd a emitentului) junk bond

~ cu valoare nominala indexata in functie de inflatie - purchasing power bond ~ cu valoare nominala redusa - (maxim 100 de dolari) baby bonds ~ de economii - savings bond ~ de reorganizare - (rezultatd din reorganizarea unui concern) (SUA) adjustment bond ~ de stat - (emisa de autoritatea publicd si reprezentdnd creante asupra statului) government/state bond ~ de tezaur - Treasury bond ~ directa - (fdrd optiuni de convertire) straight bond ~ extensibila - (pbligatiiine pe termen scurt care li oferd detindtorului optiunea de a o schimba cu o cantitate similard de datorii pe termen lung, inainte de o data specificatd) extendible bond ~ garantata prin alte titluri detinute de emiter-t - (SUA) collateral trust bond ~ generala/negarantata - (instrument de indatorare pe termen lung, care nu este garantat de o ipoteca asupra unor active) (SUA) debenture ~ guvernamentala - government bond ~ guvernamentala la purtator - floater ~ indexata - (obligatiune a caret dobdnda si/sau pret de rambursare variazd in functie de un indice luat ca baza de indexare, oferind astfel protectie impotriva mflatiei) index (-linked) bond ~ intersanjabila - interchangeable bond ~ ipotecara - mortgage bond

OBL-OCU 239 ~ ipotecara mobiliara - (SUA) chattel mortgage bond ~ in contui dobanzii - (obligatiune oferitd cdnd dobanda nu poate fi achitatd in numerar) interest bond ~ in serie - (dintr-un packet de obligatiuni care devin scadente in am succesivf) serial bond ~ la purtator - bearer bond ~ municipala - municipal/local authority bond; corporation stock ~ municipala cu dobanda flotanta -floater ~ (municipala) garantata prin incasarea unui impozit - special tax bond ~ (municipals) pentru dezvoltare industrials - (SUA) industrial development bond ~ neamortizabila/perpetua - (cure nu are scadentd) irredeemable/perpetual/ undated bond ~ nominala - registered bond ~ participativa - (la beneficii in functie de rezultatele obtimste de firma emitentd) participating bond ~ pasiva - (fdrd dobanda) passive bond ~ platibila in devize - currency bond ~ platibila in moneda tarii in care a fost emisa - currency bond ~ purtatoare de venit - (la care se plateste dobanda numai dacd existd profit) income bond ~ retractabila - (care ii oferd detindtondiii optlunea de a o revinde emitentului la valoarea nominala, inainte de matiiritate) retractable bond ~ revocabila - callable bond

~ samurai - (emisa in yeni pe teritoriul Japoniei de cdtre agenti economici nerezidenti) Samurai bond ~ simpla/fara conditii - (de platd) single bond ~ transmisibila - transferable bond ~ unificata/consolidata - unified bond ~ yankee - (emisa in dolari pe teritoriul SUA de cdtre agenti economici nerezidenti) Yankee bond obstacol s. n. obstacle, impediment, drag; (barierd) barrier ~ fiscal - (excedent al bugetului fiscal) fiscal drag obstacole netarifare - (ansamblu de mdsiiri prin care se impiedicd sau se limiteazd fluxiil international de mdrfiiri in scopnl apdrdrii pietei interne de concurenta strdind si/saii al echilibrdrii balantei de plati) nontariff barriers ~ tarifare — (ansamblu de mdsiiri care vizeazd fluxul de mdrfuri cu ocazia trecerii frontierei vamale a unui stat, cea mai importantd reglementare fiind aceea a taxelor vamale) tariff barriers obtine v.t. to obtain, to get; (a dobdndi) to acquire; (capital, fonduri) to raise; (comenzi, beneficii etc.) to secure; (profit) to realize; (un certificat, un brevet) to take out ocazional ad], occasional, incidental; (despre muncd) odd ocupa v.t. 1. (a angaja) to employ, to engage, to busy 2. (un post) to occupy, to come in, to fill 3. (a lua in posesie) to occupy, to take hold/possession of 4. (in mod ilegal/abuziv iin teren, o locuintd) to squat ocupants.m. occupier

240 OCU-OFE ~ ilegal/abuziv - (al unui teren, al unei locuinte) squatter ocupare s.f. 1. (angajare) employment 2. (a unui post) occupancy 3. (luare in posesie) occupancy, taking hold/ possession 4. (ilegald/abuzivd a unui teren, a unei locuinte) squat ~ a fortei de munca - employment ~ deplina a fortei de munca - full employment ~ temporara - (prin mchiriere sau arendare) tenancy oferi v.t. 1. (a da) to offer, to present 2. (a pune in vdnzare) to offer, to exhibit, to put up/to expose for sale 3. {a licitd) to bid; (a face oferte pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii) to tender 4. (explicatii, referinte, probe etc.) to furnish ~ mai mult decat cineva - to improve on smb.'s offer ofertant s.m. offerer; (licitanf) bidder; {pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii) tenderer oferta s.f. 1. offer; supply; (licitare) bid, bidding; (pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii) tender 2. (in plic inchis, la licitatie) ticket ~ acceptabila - reasonable offer ~ agregata/globala - (cantitatea totald de bunuri economice disponibild pentru vdnzare la un anumit nivel mediu al preturilor intr-o perioadd determinata) aggregate supply ~ alternative - alternative offer ~ atractiva - attractive offer ~ avantajoasa - {sub pretui pietei) underbid ~ avantajoasa de cumparare - (pentru descurajarea altor ofertanti) preemptive bid

~ combinata - (oferta a unui produs care provine din doud sau mai multe surse ori metode de fabricatie; oferta de doud sau mai multe produse care satisfac acelasi tip de cerere, fiind inlocuitori apropiati unui pentru celdlalt) composite supply ~ complementara - (oferta de doud sauf mai multe produse care sunt rezultatiil aceluiasi proces de productie) complementary/joint supply ~ concurentiala - (situatie in care mijioacele de productie sunt limitate, iar producdtorii a doud sau mai multe mdrfuri concureazd pentru utilizarea lor) competitive supply ~ cuprinzatoare/detaliata comprehensive offer ~ de capital - capital supply ~ de cumparare - (fdcutd furnizorului, angrosistului) purchase offer; (de actiuni) tender offer ~ de livrar : - tender of delivery ~ de moncda - (punerea in circulatie de monedd noud de cdtre institutiile morietare specializate) money supply ~ de mostre gratuite - trial offer ~ de plata - tender of payment ~ de preluare - (a unei societdti fdcutd actionarilor acesteia) takeover bid ~ de titluri financiare - supply of securities ~ de transport maritim - shipping bid ~ de valuta - (disponibilitdti valutare care pot fi vdndute pe piatd, m conditiile unui anumit curs de schimb) foreign currency supply ~ efectiva — (oferta ce confine toate elementele unui contract - obiect, pret, termene etc. -, astfel incut acceptarea mtocmai de. cdtre parti sd aibd

OFE-OLI 241 valoarea unui contract mcheiat) actual supply ~ excedentara - (care depdseste cerered) excess offer, sellers over ~ fara angajament - free offer ~ ferma - firm offer ~ m bloc - block offer ~ inchisa - (la licitatie) ticketing, sealed tender ~ incruciâta - cross offer ~ insotita de mostre - sample offer ~ la pret scazut - low offer ~ nespecificata - blind offer ~ pentru inceperea negocierilor -tentative offer ~ publica - public offer ~ publica de cumparare - (procedura prin care o societate propune in mod public actionarilor unei alte societati, pe care doreste so. o controleze, sd rdscumpere, la un pret superior celui cotat la bursa, actiunile pe care acestia Ie detin) takeover bid ~ publica de schimb - (procedura bursierd care constd m oferta de scliimbare a actinnilor unei societati contra titlurilor altei societati} offer for exchange of shares ~ publica initiala - (de actiuni comune) initial public offer ~ secreta/ilicita - (coluziune, intelegere secretd a mai multor firme care sunt oficial in concurenta) level/collusive tendering ~ speciala — (de produse la preturi scdzute) special offer ~ verbala - verbal offer oferte comune - (stabilite prin coluziune, simuldnd o falsa concurenta) common pricing

~ de serviciu - situations vacant, help/hands wanted a face o oferta - to make an offer a retrage o ~ - to withdraw an offer oficiu s.n. (birou) office, bureau; (al unei administratii) office; (sediu al unei firme} office; (agentie) agency ~ de brevete - patent office ~ de cliring - clearing house ~ de cliring bancar - banker's clearing house ~ de scont - acceptance house ~ postal - post office oficiul fortelor de munca - employment agency/bureau, labour exchange, job center ofiter^.m. officer ~ de marina comerciala - mercantile marine officer ~ de punte — (la navele comerciale) deck officer, mate ~ de vama - customs officer ~ secund - (la navele comerciale) chief mate/officer, first mate/officer, (master's) mate oleoduc s.n. pipe-line oligarhie s.f. oligarchy oligopol s.n. (sistem depiatd in care un numdr mic de firme mart asigurd cea mai mare parte a ofertei unui anumit produs, impundndu-si conditiile de vanzare-cumpdrare pe piata bunului respective oligopoly, sellers' monopoly ~ instituit prin coluziune - collusive oligopoly oligopson s.n. (forma a pietei cu o concurenta imperfectd, unde un numdr mic de firme mari solicitd cea mai mare parte a unui bun, acesta fiind oferit de mai multi producdtori- -ofertanti) oligopsony

OM-OPE oms.m. man ~ de afaceri - businessman ~ -reclama — (care poartd pancarte cu reclame prinse in fata si pe spatele sail) sandwich man omul economic - economic man, homo oeconomicus oneros adj. onerous, burdensome onora v.t. (o cambie, un cec etc.) to honour, to meet onorariu s.n. fee, honorarium, pay ~ de angajare - (]->entru un avocat) retainer onorific adj. 1. (de onoare) honorary, of honour 2. (neretribuit) honorary opera v.t. 1. (a manipula, a actiona un utilaj) to operate, to manipulate 2. (a incdrca sail a descdrca o navd) to operate operare s.f. operation ~ de marfuri - (incdrcare, descdrcare, manipiilare, stivuire) cargo work ~ defectuoasa - (a mdrfiirilor) faulty operation operativ adj. operative, effective, efficient operativitate s.f. efficiency, efficacy operator s. m. operator ~ care face piata - (bur.) market maker ~ independent - (pe cont propriu) (bur.) trader operatic s.f. 1. (hicrare) operation; work, action 2. (calciil) calculation, reckoning 3. (financiard, bursiera) operation, transaction, speculation, deal ~ cu prima — (tranzactie bursiera in cadrul cdreia iina dintre parti isi rezervd dreptui de a abandona piata in schimbul platii iinei s lime fixe achitate in avans, niimitd prima) premium deal

~ de acoperire - (tranzactie la bursa de valori sail de marfuri prin care se creeazd o acoperire in vederea executant angajamentelor asiimate, achizitiondndii-se ceea ce trebuie livrat la o data ullerioard - titluri, devize, marfuri) covering transaction ~ de arbitraj switch - (operatic de schimb intre o valuta forte si iina de cUring, transformarea nefdcdndu-se prin intermediul mdrfii) switch ~ fara profit sau pierdere - even deal ~ fiduciara - fiduciary transaction ~ portuara - (incdrcare, descdrcare, transbordare) portwork operatii a la baisse - (bur.) dealings for a fall ~ a la hausse - (bur.) dealings for a rise ~ bancare - banking operations ~ bursiere - stock exchange transactions, stock market trading ~ de leasing - leasing operations '- de masa - (servicii bancare standardizate destinate piibliculiii) volume (banking) business ~ de swap prin substituire de obligatiuni - (fin.) substitution (price) bond swap ~ economice - economic operations ~ financiare - financial operations ~ in numerar - dealings for cash ~ in virament - noncash transactions ~ la termen - (tranzactie bursiera prin care livrarea sau piata valorilor mi are loc in ziua incheierii tranzactiei, ci la o data ulterioard, fixatd anterior) foi"ward transactions/dealings ~ la termen cu marfuri - commodity futures

OPE-OPT 243 ~ la transportui de marfuri - (mcdrcare, descdrcare, transbordare, stivuire) handling procedure ~ la vedere - (tranzactie bursierd cu plata imediata) spot transaction ~ speculative - speculative operations ~ valutare - foreign exchange transactions ~ valutare la termen - forward exchange/deals ~ valutare la vedere - spot exchange/ deals operational adj. operational oportun adj. opportune, timely, well- -timed oportunitate s.f. opportunity opri v.t. to stop; (a incetd) to cease, to discontinue; (a intrerupe) to interrupt, to break ~ platile - to cease payments oprire s.f. stop, stoppage; {incetare) cease, ceasing; discontinuity; (intrerupere) interruption ~ a functionarii - (unui utilaj din cauza uneipene de curent) outage ~ a pierderilor - (ordin cdtre broker de a vmde actiunile care scad sub o anumitd valoare) (bur.) stop loss ~ in tranzit - (a mdrfii de cdtre furnizor dacd cumpdrdtond este insolvabil) stoppage in transitu optimiza v.t. to optimize optimizare s.f. optimization ~ a raportului dintre stocuri - stock- -ratio optimization ~ a valorii - (studierea fiecdrei etape din fabricarea unui produs in scopul reducerii costurilor de productie, fdrd a afecta calitatea acestuia) value engineering

optiune s.f. (drept contractual de a cumpdra sau de a vinde prin bursa de optiuni, la o data si un pret fixate anterior, un anumit volum de marfuri, metale pretioase, devize sau actiuni; dreptui unui investifor de a-si schimba obligatiunile convertible sau certifica-tele de optiuni contra titluri de valoare, metale pretioase etc. in conditii stabilite anticipat; in cadrul unei emisiuni de valori mobiliare, dreptui bdncilor participante de a-si mdri portofoliuJ) option ~ a cumparatorului de a dubia -(pptiune care u da drept cumpd-rdtorului sd cumpere un packet dublu de actiuni fata de eel convenif) buyer's option to double, call-of-more option ~ a vanzatorului de a dubia -(pptiune care ii da drept vdnzdtondui sd vdndd un packet dublu de actiuni fata de eel convenif) seller's option to double, put-of-more option ~ acoperita - (contract de optiune garantat cu actiunile unui titlu de valoare suport) covered option ~ americana - {care poatefi exercitatd oricdnd inainte de sfdrsitui exer-citiului) American option ~ cu pret de exercitiu identic sau apropiat cursului pietei - on-the- -money option ~ cu pret de exercitiu inferior cursului pietei - in-the-money option ~ cu pret de exercitiu superior cursului pietei - out-of-the-money option - de apel/cumparare - (optiune de cumpdrare a unui activ la un pret de exercitiu specificat} call (option)

244 OPT-ORA ~ de plata - (pentru o politd de asigurare) settlement option ~ de vanzare - (optiune de vdnzare a unui activ la un pret de exercitiu specified!) put (option) ~ descoperita - (care nu are acoperire in titluri de valoare) naked option ~ dubla/mixta - (stelaj, optiune care da drept deopotrivd de cumparare si vanzare) put-and-call/double option, straddle ~ europeana - {care nu poate fi exercitatd inainte de sfdrsitui exercitiu lit i) European option ~ in devize - currency option ~ pentru o zi/de pe o zi pe alta - day- -to-day option ~ tripla - (care este o optiune dubid plus alte optiuni combinate) triple option, strap ~ unica - (care da drept fie de cumparare, fie de vdnzare) single option orar adj. hour..., hourly s.n. (program) schedule, timetable ora$ s.n. town; (in Anglia, oras mare; in SUA, orice oras) city ~ comercial - trade town ~ de frontiera - frontier town ~ dependent de o intreprindere - (pentru locuri de muncd, furnizare de cdldurd etc.) company town ~ maritim - maritime/seaboard/seaside town ~ -satelit - (dependent economic de un oras mat mare) satellite town ora s.f. hour; time ~ de Tnchidere - closing time/hour ~ de maxima audienta - (la radio si televiziune, pentru publicitate) prime time

~ de vara - summer time; (SUA) daylight saving time ~ de varf- peak/rush/throng hour ~ locala - local time ~ -nava - (imitate de masura a duratei de stationare a navei pentru operare) (SUA) ship hour ~ oficiala - official hour, standard time ~ -om - (imitate de masura a timpului de lucru) man-hour ore de birou/serviciu - office/official liours ~ de lucru - (programul de lucru in magazine si biroiirl) business hours ~ de lucru normate - fixed-working hours ~ lucratoare/de productie - working hours ~ suplimentare - overtime (work), overwork, extra work ~ suplimentare obi§nuite/normale - regular overtime ordin s.n. order ~ al agentului de Tncarcare - {mar.) broker's order ~ cu plata in numerar - {corn.) cash order ~ de a cumpara sau de a vinde la pretui pietei - (bur.) market order ~ de administrare - (a unei societdti insolvabile, ca alternativd la lichidarea ei) (dr.) administration order ~ de bursa - stock exchange order ~ de cumparare - (bur.) order to buy; (pentru a sustine cursul) supporting order ~ de cumparare in conditiile cele mai avantajoase - (bur.) order at best ~ de eliberare a marturilor antrepozitate - warehouse order

ORA-ORG 245 ~ de tncetare a platilor - (ordin cdtre bancd pentru blocarea unui cec) stop order/payment ~ de livrare - delivery order; (mar.) ship's/freight release ~ de plata - payment order, order for payment/to pay; (mandat postal) money order ~ de plata simplu/neconditionat - unconditional order ~- de ridicare a sechestrului - (dr.) restoration of goods taken in distraint ~ de sechestru - (dr.) garnishee order, distress warrant, writ of attachment ~ de vanzare - (bur.) order to sell, selling order ~ de vanzare sou cumparare la termen - (bur,) time order ~ de virament - order to transfer ~ deschis - (ordin de tranzactionare valabil pdnd cdnd este execntat sail anulat) (bur.') open order ~ legat/conditionat - (ordin de cumparare executable prin utilizarea prodiisniui vdnzdrii de titluri determinate) (bur.) contingent order ~ limitat — (ordin de tranzactionare in limitele imei anumite jluctiiatii a cursurilor) (bur.} limited order ~ permanent - (ordin de plata dat de cdire un client bdncii sale, care va plali la intervale regulate impozitcle si datoriile titulamlui de cont) standing order ~ simultan — (de cumparare de actiuni peste pretui pietei si de vanzare imediatd la acelasi prel pentru a Simula activitatea pe piata bursiera) matched order ~ vamal de transbordare - transshipment pricking note

ordine s,f. order; sequence, succession ~ a prioritatii - order of priority ~ de zi - order/business of the day, agenda; (prezentatd in scris) order paper ordonanta v.t. (fin.) to order, to pass for payment ordonanta s.f. (/uridicd, financiara) order; (dr.) decree, ordinance ~ cu putere de lege - statutory order '- de blocare - (a unor conturi, a unor fondiiri) stop order ~ de plata - order of payment, pay order issued ~ de punere in posesie - writ of possession ~ de punere sub sechestru - (in caz de faliment) receiving order ordonatorA'./n. principal organ s.n 1. (dispozitiv, agregat) mechanism, device, unit 2. (organizatie, autoiitafe) body, authority ~ de conducere - managing body ~ de control - control authority ~ executiv - executive body ~ financiar - financial body ~ legislativ - legislative body organigrama s.f. organization chart, table of organization, flow-process chart, diagram organiza v.t. to organize organizare s.f. organization ~ a conducerii intrqirinderii - management engineering ~ departamcntala/pe servicii. departmental organization ~ ierarhica - line organization ~ si conducere a productiei - production control ~ si metode ~ (man.) organization and methods; (serviciu de consultantci pe

246

Idngd conducerea unei firme) systems and procedures organizatie s.f. organization; society, association; body ~ -corespondent - (institutie financiard care presteazd servicii pentru altd organizatie financiard') correspondence ~ flexibila - (man.) flexible organization ~ nonprofit - nonprofit corporation ~ orizontala - (tip de organizare in care autoritatea manageriald nu se transmite pe scard ierarhica) flat organization organizational adj. organizational

ORG-OTE

orientare s.f. 1. orientation; direction, guidance 2. (a resurselor pentru sprijinirea unor sectoare industriale prioritare) targeting ~ profesionala - vocational guidance orixonts.n. horizon ~ de planificare - (pe 5-10 ani} planning horizon otels.n. steel ~ aliat - alloy steel ~ -balot/de bandaje - hoop iron ~ calit - hardened steel ~ inoxidabil - stainless steel ~ turnat - cast ingot/steel otelar.y.w. steelworker otelarie s.f. steelworks

p packet s.n. pack, package, packet ~ complet de actiuni - (pentru actiuni, circa 100 de actiuni, pentru obligatiuni reprezintd o valoare nominalu de 1000 USD) (SUA) round lot ~ de actiuni - (bur.) lot, block, stock - incomplet de actiuni - broken/job/ odd lot ~ mare de actiuni - (ciimpdrat sail vdiidut de un singur investilor) line ~ principal de actiuni - controlling interests pagina s.f. page ~ dactilografiata - (a unui document. cu 72, 90 sau 100 de cuvinte) (dr.) folio pagini galbene/nationale - (anuar care cuprinde adresele tuturor institutiilor fi societdtilor comerciale) yellow pages paguba s.f. damage, prejudice; (pierdere) loss ~ accidentals - accidental damage ~ materials - material/property damage ~ prin aruncarea peste bord - (a bunuriior navei) (mar.) damage by jettison ~ prill contaminare - (a unor mdrfuri) damage by contamination ~ prin incendiu - damage by fire ~ prin manipulare - damage by handling ~ prin poluare cu titei - oil-pollution damage ~ produsa/ocazionata - damage done/incurred

~ produsa de raufacatori - malicious damage paleta s.f. (plat forma mobila folositd la manipularea unor mdrfuri) (mar.) pallet, cargo platform/stage/tray ~ de depozitare - warehouse pallet ~ de stivuire - stevedoring pallet ~ specializata - purpose-made pallet, special-puqôse pallet ~ universala - general-puipose pallet paletizare s.f. (mar.) palletization, pallet operation pana .s'./.' (de marina, utilaj, mecanism) breakdown; (defectiune, avarie) failure ~ de curent - failure of electricity panica s.f. panic - la bursa - panic/flurry on the stock exchange panou s.n. panel; (avizier) board ~ de afise - bill/poster hoarding ~ de cotatii - (bur.) quotation board ~ publicitar - advertisement hoarding papetar s m. stationer papetarie s.f. \. (articole) stationery 2. (magazin) stationer's shop par adj. (cu sot) even paradisA'.n. (refugiu) haven ~ fiscal — (tard care oferd reduceri importante de impozite) tax haven paradox s.n. paradox ~ economic - economic paradox parametru s.m. parameter parametri de exploatare - operating data ~ de functionare - operational factors para§uta s.f. parachute

248 PAR-PAR ~ de aur — (tip de contract de mimed, redactat de unii manager! pentru ei insisi, care prevede importante compensatii materiale in caz cd ar fi demist) (man.) golden parachute pare s.n. 1. (loc de stationare a autovehiculelor) car park, parking place 2. (totalitatea autovehiculelor de care dispune o imitate) fleet; stock, park ~ de autocamioane - truck fleet ~ de vagoane - rolling stock depot, waggon yard/park parcela v.t. to parcel (out), to lot (out), to plot parcela s.f. parcel, lot, plot; {data in arendd unei familii) allotment parcurge v.t. 1. (o distanta) to run, to cover; (o regiune pentru colectarea de comenzi sau strdngerea de voturi) to canvass 2. (o lista) to look down; (documented to go over, to run through parcurs s.n. run; (cursa) haul ~ gol/fara incarcatura - empty haul ~ in mile - mileage paria v.i. to wager, to bet; (a miza) to gamble paritate s.f. (fin.) parity, par ~ a puterii de cumparare - purchasing power parity ~ - aur/metalica - gold parity ~ de schimb - exchange parity, par of exchange ~ de schimb intrinseca/metalica - mint par/parity of exchange ~ fixa - fixed parity ~ glisanta - gliding parity ~ indirecta - (rata de schimb a doud valute calculatd prin raportare la o a treia) indirect parity pariu s.n. wager, bet

~ mutual-pan mutuel partajare s.f. 1. sharing 2. (a unui po:-t cu normd intreagd intre dot angajati cu normd redusd) twinning ~ a postului - (modalitatea de a impdrti o slujbd cu normd intreagd intre doi sau mai multi angajati cu normd redusd) job sharing ~ a timpului de folosire - {inchiriere simidtand de aparate si utilaje mai multor clienti in timp partajat) time sharing parte s.f. 1. part, portion; {care revine cuiva) share, lot; {bucatd) piece, fragment 2. {dr.) party ~ adjudecatara - {la licitatii) purchasing party ~ asigurata - insured party ~ civila --plaintiff ~ contractanta - contracting party, party to a contract, contractor, covenanter ~ indiviza - share in coownership ~ interesata - concerned party, party concerned, privy ~ in cauza - party to a case ~ in culpa - party at fault ~ in drept - party entitled ~ in litigiu - party to a dispute ~ prejudiciata - prejudiced party ~ semnatara - signatory ~ sociala - (fractiune din capitalul unei societdti cu rdspundere limitatd, reprezentdnd contravaloarea aportuhn iinui asocial, care li conferd anumite drepturi si responsabilitdti in cadrul socieldtii respective) share partener^./n. partner, associate; {intr-o tranzactie cu titluri de valoare) (fin.) contra

PAR-PAT ~ care iese din firma - outgoing/ retiring partner ~ de afaceri - business partner parteneriat^.n. partnership participare s.f. participation; sharing; {la o afacere, tin interes) concern ~ a salariatilor — (termen general pentru a defini modalitdtile prin care angajatii pot participa la conducerea societdtii in care lucreaza) {man.) employee involvement/participation ~ directa - direct hand ~ la profit - profit sharing ~ optionala a salariatilor - (metodd prin care li se oferd angajatilor unei societati posibilitatea de a cumpdra actiuni ale firmei respective la un pret mai scdzut decdt cursul pietei) employee share option participatie s.f. 1. (forma de asociere) partnership 2. (la capitalul unei societati pe actiuni) share ~ a asociatilor - (cota-parte a fiecdrui asocial) partnership share ~ majoritara - majority interests ~ minoritara - minority interests particular adj. private particularitate s.f. peculiarity; characteristic (feature), salient feature ~ a unei activitati -job characteristic partida s.f. 1. (de marfd) parcel/lot of goods, batch, consignment 2. (/oc) game ~ de solduri -job lot ~ normala de marfuri - (bur.) regular lot ~ vagonala de marfuri - carload lot partial adj. partial adv. part(ial)ly pasager s.m. passenger; (intr-un vehicul public) fare

~ clandestin - clandestine passenger; (mar.} stowaway ~ de clasa turistica - tourist-class passenger ~ in tranzit - transit passenger pasa s.f. (de navigatie) fairway, navigation/ship channel, waterway pasibil adj. (de) liable to pasiv.?./?. (cont.) liabilities ~ acceptabil - (utilizat pentru a calcula lichiditdtile unei band) eligible liabilities ~ curent - current liabilities ~ neprevazut - contingent liabilities ~ net - net liabilities ~ pe termen lung - long-term liabilities ~ pe termen scurt - short-term/quick liabilities ~ sub forma de depozite - deposit liabilities pasivitate s.f. passivity; resistance ~ a consumatorilor - consumer resistance pasaport^.n. passport ~ de serviciu - service passport ~ pentru marinari - seaman's passport ~ turistic - tourist passport patent s. n. patent, licence patenta v.t. to patent, to licence patentat adj. patent(ed), proprietary; licensed patenta s.f. licence, patent; certificate ~ de sanatate - (mar.) bill of health, certificate of health/pratique ~ de sanatate cu mentiune - (mar.) touched bill of health ~ de sanatate curata/fara mentiuni - (mar.) clean bill of health patrimonial adj. patrimonial, real

250 PAT-PEN patrimoniu s.n. patrimony patron s.m. employer; proprietor; boss patronat s.n. (association of) employers pauperism s.n. pauperism pauperiza v.t. to pauperize, to impoverish, to beggar pavilion s.n. (mar.) flag ~ al navei - registry ~ avantajos - flag of convenience/ necessity ~ de armator - burgee ~ de comert — (arborat de navele comerciale) merchant/trading flag ~ de companie - company/house flag - national - national flag/colours ~ strain - foreign flag ~ vamal - customs/revenue flag pacali v.t. (prin vdnzarea de rnarja de calitate inferioara) to fob off pacura s.f. fuel/black/buming oil paguba$ s.m. loser pagubi v.i. to lose v.t. to cause/to do damage to pamant s.n. (teren) ground; (sol) soil; (camp) field; (proprietate) land; (mosie) estate ~ arabil - plough land pasui v.t. to respite, to reprieve, to grant smb. a delay pasuire s.f. respite, reprieve, delay, grace patruiidere s.f. penetration ~ pe piata - market penetration panza s.f. linen, cloth -- de ambalaj - packing cloth/linen ~ de doc - drill ~ dc in - (fblosita la confectionarea prelatelor) flax canvas/linen

~ de iuta/de sac - (pentru confectionarea sacilor de marfd) sackcloth, sacking, jute canvas ~ de prelata - tarpaulin canvas panzeturi s.f. pi. (albituri) white goods, linen peprep. per ~ an—per annum ~ cap de om/persoana -per capita ~ comanda - (despre twine} bespoke - cont propriu - for one's own account ~ credit - on credit ~ luna — per month, per mensem ~ mare — (in timpul navigutiei) (asig. mar.) at sea; (referitor la mdrfurile in expeditie) afloat ~ nava - (la bord) aboardship, ashipboard ~ om-ora - per man-hour ~ riscul destinatarului - consignee's risk ~ tona - per ton ~ uscat - ashore ~ verso - overleaf, on the back ~ zi - per day, per diem - zi lucratoare - (in mdsura in care starea timpului o permite) per weather working day pecuniar adj. pecuniary, moneyed, monetary pedologie s.f pedology, soil science penal adj. penal penalitate s.f. penalty; (pentru mcdicarea unui contract) forfeit, forfeiture penaliza v.t. to penalize; (a amenda) to fine penalizare s.f. 1. penalization; (amenda) fine; (impusd de sinsiicat membrilor care mealed regulile

PEN-PER 251 acestuid) fine 2. pi. (in cazul neinde-plinirii obligatiilor contractuale) retention money ~ contractuala - contract penalty ~ pentru cheiaj - (cdnd se stationeazd la dand peste termenul stabilif) dockage penalty pendinte adj. pending, abeyant, undecided, outstanding a fi ~ - to be in abeyance pensie s.f. pension, superannuation; (a unui functionar sail a unui militar) retired pay ~ alimentara - alimony ~ de invaliditate/pentru incapacitate de munca - disablement/disability pension ~ pentru limita de varsta - old age/ retiring pension ~ viagera - life pension/annuity pensii necontributive - (la fondul de pensii, contributia nefiind pidtitd de salariat, ci de firmd) noncontributory pensions ~ raportate la salarii - eamings--related pensions a ie§i la pensie - to be pensioned off, to retire (upon a pension) a scoate la ~ - to pension (off) pensiona v.t. to pension (off), to grant a pension, to superannuate v.r. to retire (upon a pension), to go on pension, to superannuate pensionar s.m. pensioner, pensionary, retiree ~ de stat - state pensioner ~ in activitate - semiretired person pensionare s.f. retirement, superannuation

review

~ pentru limita de varsta - retirement on account of age/pension, mandatory retirement pentrvi prep. for ~ numerar - (bur.) for money ~ ziua de lichidare - (despre tranzactii care urmeazd afi pidtite in urmatoarea zi de decontdri) (bur.) for the account penurie s.f. penury, scarcity, shortage percepe v.t. to collect, to gather; (im.po7.ite) to levy; (chine sail arendd excesivd) to rack percepere s.f. (de impolite) (tax) levy perceptor s.m. tax collector/gatherer perfecta v.t. (un contract, un acord) to conclude pericol s.n. danger, peril, hazard; (rise) risk ~ de intrare pe piata - (rise pe care si-l asumd o firmd cdnd pdtrunde pe o piatd noud) threat of entry ~ de navigatie - navigational danger, danger to navigation/shipping ~ natural - natural danger perima v.r. 1. to be/to become out-of- -date/obsolete/superseded 2. (dr.) to lapse, to become out-of-date perimat adj. 1. out-of-date, outdated, obsolete, superseded 2. (dr.) lapsed perimetru s.n. perimeter; area ~ de explorare - exploration lease ~ petrolifer - oil(-producing) area perioada s.f. period ~ analizata - (fin.) period under

~ de amortizare - payoff period ~ de conversie a stocurilor - (timpul mediu necesar pentru a convert! materiile prime in produse finite si pentru a Ie vinde) inventory conversion period ~ de functionare efectiva - on-cycle

252 PER-PER ~ de gratie - period/days of grace, grace period ~ de inactivitate - outage ~ de maturitate - (a wiei. cambii) tenor ~ de proba - trial period; (a unui angajat) probationary period - de reaprovizionare - (timpul dintre comandd ,y; livrare) replenishment lead time ~ de recuperare a investitiei - payback period ~ de scutire de impozite - tax holiday '-- de stagnare - slack period ~ de subscriptie - subscription period ~ de tranzitie - transition period ~ medie de colectare - (yaloarea medie a conturilor de creante exprimatd in zile) (Jm.) average collection period perisabil adj. perishable perisabilitate s.f. perishability, perishableness permanent adj. permanent; (despre un comitet, un contract etc.) standing adv. permanently; always ~ in stare de piutire - (conditie de navlosire) (mar.) always afloat •- in stare de piutire sau esuat fara pericol - always afloat or safely aground ~ in stare de piutire sigura - always safely afloat permis adj. allowed, permitted s.n. permit; licence; authorisation; {de liber a trecere) pass; (de incarcare, descdrcare etc.) release ~ de aprovizionare - (fdra plata taxelor vamale) (mar.) victualling bill

~ de cabotaj — (cu scutire de taxe vamale pentru provizii) (mar.) bill of sufferance; transire ~ de conducere auto -driving licence ~ de debarcare - landing permit ~ de descarcare - discharging permit, permit to unlade ~ de export - export licence ~ de iesire sau de intrare in doc -dock pass ~ de imbarcare - shipping note ~ de incarcare - loading permit. permit to lade, release for shipment ~ de libera trecere - safe-conduct ~ de livrare a marfli - freight release ~ de marfuri antrepozitate - (mar.) dandy/pricking note ~ de munca - (intr-o tard strdind) work permit ~ de navigatie - navigation permit ~ de pescuit - fishing licence ~ de plecare - (a navei) sailing permit ~ de ridicare a marfurilor - (din depozit) demand pass, pass of goods ~ de scoatere din vama - (a marfurilor) bond/cartage note ~ de transbordare - tran(s)shipment delivery order ~ de tranzit - transit permit ~ vamal - customs permit; (mar.) dandy/pricking note ~ vamal de descarcare - (mar.) land/landing order - vamal de eliberare a marfii din depozit - warehouse withdrawal permit, warehouse keeper's order' release ~ vamal de incarcare - (mar.) jerk/jerque/stamp note, shipping bill. entry out

PER-PER 253 ~ vamal special - (de descdrcare a mdrfurilor perisabile mainte de controlul vamal) (mar.) request note permite v.t. to permit, to allow peron s.n. platform ~ de sosire - arrival platform perpetuitate s.f. (flux de plati viiloare egale estimat sd continue vesnic) {fin.) perpetuity persoana s.f. person, individual ~ angajata permanent-jobholder ~ angajata temporar - casual ~ care acorda autorizatii/licente - licenser, licensor ~ care da cu chirie sau in arenda - lessor ~ care face munci ocazionale - odd hand/man ~ care face o oferta - offerer, offerer ~ care ia in posesiune ilegala - disseisor ~ care Tsi asuma riscul - (unei investitii) risk taker ~ care nu isi indeplineste obligatiile/ angajamentele - defaulter ~ care preia ilegal un teren - claim- -jumper ~ care renunta - (la un drept) disclaimer ~ care supraliciteaza - improver upon an offer ~ care vinde fara acoperire - (actiuni, mdrfuri) (bur.) short ~ careia i se aloca actiuni/titluri de valoare - allottee ~ careia i se face o oferta - offeree ~ careia ii revine o parte - (in urma unuipartaj) distributee ~ cu semnatura autorizata pe cec - cheque signer ~ decedata fara testament - intestate

~ deposedata ilegal - disseisee ~ fizica - natural person ~ fizica sau juridica care incearca sa obtina controlul asupra unei societati - (prin cumpdrarea masiva §i brusca de actiuni) (bur.) (corporate) raider ~ fizica sau juridica desemnata sa administreze tranzactiile de actiuni ca titular - (astfel meat proprietarul real sd rdmdnd necunoscut) {bur.) nominee ~ foarte importanta - very important person ~ impozabila - leviable person ~ in cautare de solduri/ocazii - bstrgain hunter ~ juridica - legal/juristic(al)/artificial/ fictitious person, legal entity, corporate body, body corporate; (client al unei band) corporate customer ~ numita - (intr-o functie) appointee ~ oficiala - official ~ particulars - private person ~ scutita - (de impozite etc.) exempt personal adj. personal; (individual) individual; (particular) private s.n. personnel, staff ~ administrativ/de birou - office/ clerical staff

calificat - skilled personnel; qualified/trained staff ~ care nu are dreptui la ore suplimentare - exempt personnel ~ care nu beneficiaza de vechimea in munca - exempt personnel ~ cu serviciu exterior - outdoor staff ~ de conducere - managing staff ~ de exploatare/deservire - operating personnel ~ de supraveghere - supervisory personnel

254 PER-PET ~ de teren - field personnel ~ functionaresc - clerical personnel ~ imbarcat/navigant - seafaring personnel ~ permanent - permanent/regular personnel ~ portuar - port personnel ~ supranumerar - redundant personnel, deadwood ~ tehnic - technical personnel personalitate s.f. personalty ~ juridica - legal status "<

pescador s.n. fishing cutter/vessel pescaj s.n. (mar.) draught; (SUA) draft ~ admisibil - permissible draft/ draught, allowable draft/draught ~ de bord liber - freeboard draft/draught ~ de exploatare - operating draft/ draught, service draft/draught ~ de mcarcare - cargo draft/draught ~ de nava neincarcata - no-load draft/draught, light draft/draught ~ de plecare - sailing draft/draught ~ de plina mcarcare - full-load draft/draught ~ in balast - ballast draft/draught ~ mare - deep draft/draught, heavy draft/draught ~ proiectat - designed draft/draught ~ redus - easy draft/draught, reduced draft/draught pescar s.m. fisherman; (cu unditd) angler; (de coasta) shoreman pescarie s.f. 1. (pescuit) fishing 2. (negot) fish trade; (piata de peste) fish market 3. (produse) fish 4. (cherhana) fishery pescui v./. to fish; (cu unditd) to angle; (cu traulul) to trawl; (cu ndvodul) to seine; (balene) to whale

pescuit s.n. fishing, fishery ~ comercial - commercial fishing ~ costier - coast(ing) fishery, inshore fishing/fisher}7

~ de balene - whale fishery, whaling ~ fluvial - river fishery ~ industrial - fishing trade ~ maritim - marine/sea fishery, pelagic fishing ~ oceanic/in larg - deep-sea fishery/ fishing, pelagic fishing ~ pe platoul continental - offshore fishery ~ prin traulare - (fish) trawling ~ sezonier - season fishing peste prep. over; above ~ balustrada navei - (formula dintr-un conosament care aratd cd responsabilitatea armatorului fata de caric mcepe cdnd incdrcdtura trece de balustrada navei) (mar.) over ship's rail ~ paritate/valoarea nominala - (despre actiuni) (bur.) supra pari, above par pesin adv. in cash, in ready money; (in special despre un avans, urmat de plata in rate) down petitie s.f. petition, application a face o ~ - to submit an application petitionar s.m. petitioner, applicant, solicitor petrochimic adj. petrochemical petrochimie s.f. petrochemistry petrodolari s.m. pi. petrodollars petrol s.n. petroleum, (mineral) oil, naphtha ~ brut — crude petroleum/oil/naphtha petrolier adj. oil... s.n. (oil) tanker. petroleum carrier/ship/tanker, tank ship/vessel, oil-carrying ship/vessel

PET-PIA 255 ~ combinat - (petrol-minereu) oil-ore carrier; (mdrfuri m vrac-petrol) bulk--oil carrier; (cereale-petrol) grain tanker ~ de benzina - gasoline carrier/tanker ~ de cabotaj - coastal tanker; inshore oil-tank ~ de cabotaj mic - inshore oil-tank ~ de produse albe - white products tanker, clean products ship/vessel, refined products carrier ~ de produse chimice - chemical tanker ~ de produse negre - black products tanker, dirty ship/tanker ~ de tonaj foarte mare - (peste 160000 tdw} very large crude carrier, superlarge/supersize tanker ~ de tonaj mare - large crude carrier, large capacity tanker ~ de tonaj mediu - intermediate tanker ~ de titei - crude oil carrier/tanker ~ - ,,mamut" - (peste 400000 tdw) ultralarge crude carrier ~ oceanic - ocean-going tanker ~ - portcontainer - tanker-container ship/vessel ~ universal - general-purpose/versatile tanker petrolifer adj. oil(-bearing) petrovaluta s.f. petrocurrency pfund s.m. (imitate de mdsurd pentru greutate) pound piatra s.f. (pentru incercat titrul aliajelor de metale pretioase} touchstone piata s.f. market ~ a acceptelor - acceptance market ~ a bunurilor si a serviciilor - goods and services market ~ a creditelor - credit market

~ a cumparatorului - (piata pe care cumpdrdtorii pot exercita preshini asupra cursurilor, astfel meat nivelul cotatiilor sd scada) (bur.) buyer's market ~ a emisiunilor - (fin.) issue market ~ a factorilor de productie - factor market - a fortei de munca - labour market ~ a imprumuturilor rambursabile la cerere - call market ~ a navlosirilor si a Tnchirierilor -charter/chartering market ~ a noilor emisiuni - (piata actiunilor societdtilor devenite publice recent) (bur.} new issue market ~ a petrolului - oil market ~ a produsului - product market ~ a scontului neoficial - (fin.) open discount market ~ a vanzatorului - (piata pe care vdnzdtorii pot exercita presiuni asupra cursurilor, astfel meat nivelul cotatiilor sd creased) (bur.) seller's market ~ activa - active/lively/brisk market ~ angro/generala - wholesale market ~ calma - easy/quiet market ~ captiva — (grup de consumatori care nu pot evita activitdtile publicitare, de marketing sau nu an de ales intre mai miilte oferte) captive market ~ cenusie - (piata cu activitate legald, insa cu preturi mari datoritd ofertei scdzute de mdrfuri; piata in cadrul cdreia handle dintr-un sindicat de garantie si plasament si intermediarii jmanciari cumpdrd titluri in bloc} (corn., fin.} grey market ~ concurentiala - competitive market

controlata/inchisa - one-man market

256 PIA- ~ cu cotatii bune - {atdt la vdnzare, cat si la cumpdrare) two-sided market ~ cu plata in numerar la livrare -spot market ~ cu preturi instabile - (pentru cd oferta este mai mare decdt cererea) soft market € ~ de cereale - grain/corn market ~ de desfacere - (sales) outlet ~ de desfacere de proba - test market ~ de marfuri - {mai ales de alimente si materu prime) commodity market ~ de metale pretioase - {sub forma, de lingourl) bullion market ~ de navluri - freight market ~ de obligatiuni - bond market ~ de produse - produce market ~ de scont - discount/bill market ~ deschisa/libera - open market ~ externa - external/foreign market ~ extrabursiera a titlurilor de valoare - unlisted securities market ~ ferma - firm/strong market ~ financiara/de capital - (locul teoretic de intdlnire a ofertei cu cererea de capitaluri pe termen mediu si lung a agentilor economic!) financial/finance/capital market ~ fluctuanta - uncertain/mercurial market ~ futures/a livrarilor la termen -futures market ~ globala - global/mass market ~ imobiliara - real estate market ~ imperfecta - {cu conciirentd imperfecta) imperfect market ~ inactiva/stagnanta - inactive/ flat/ idle/dull/stagnant/sluggish market ~ institutionala - institutional market ~- interbancara - interbank market ~ internationala - international market

~ interna - intemal/home/dome market ~ ipotecara - mortgage market ~ in crestere - {cu tendinta de create a preturilor) rising market; {bur.) baBi market j ~ in depresiune/scadere - depressed? sagging/down market; {bur.) bear market ~ in regresie - shrinking market ~ inchisa - closed market ~ la termen - forward market: (Za bursa de marfuri) terminal market ~ larga - (piatd pe care se inregis-! treazd tranzactii continue si cursunie ' nu aufluctuatii mari) broad market ~ libera/deschisa - free market ~ lichida - (fin.) liquid market ~ moarta - dead market ~ mondiala - world market ~ monetara - {piatd specified ce are drept obiect al tranzactiei moneda sub' toate formele ei) money market ~ nationals - national market ~ neagra - black/underground market ~ neoHciala - unofficial/outside market; {extrabursiera) unlisted/curb over-the-counter market; (SUA) off- -board market ~ organizata/oHciala - organized market ~ paralela - {la preturi mai ridicaie. cu livrare imediata) parallel market ~ perfecta - {cu competitie perfect perfect market ~ potentials - potential market ~ primara - {piatd pe care sunt tran- \ zactionate pentru prima oard titliirue: de valoare nou emise) primary market

T PIA-PIA PIA-PIE 257

~ profitabila - (pe care mdrfurile se vdnd rapid si cu profit bun) ready market ~ publica - market overt ^ restransa/Iimitata - stringent/ limited market; (pe care unui sail mai imilti. producdtori an decis sd-si limi- teze vdnzdrile) restricted market; (cu putine tranzactii si fluctuatii man ale cursurilor) (bur.) narrow/thin market ~ secundara - (piatd pe care simt Iranzactionate titlurile care nu figu- reazd pe lista cotatiilor oficiale) secondary market ~ slaba - weak market ~ specializata - (piatd pe care cotatiile sunt disponibile fie pentru ofertd, fie pentru cumpdrare) (bur.) one-sided/- -way market ~ specifica - specific market ~ speculative - speculative market ~ spot/a disponibilului - (tranzactie de mdrfuri sail de monedd cu livrare imediatd si cu plata in numerar sail in mdrfuri disponibile) spot market ~ stabila - steady market ~ supraevaluata - (bur.) overbought market ~ supraincarcata - glutted market ~ tertiara - (piatd pe care actiunile cotate sunt tranzactionate direct intre broker si client) (SUA) third market ~ -tinta - target market ~ unica - single market ~ valutara - foreign exchange market ~ valutara la termen - forward exchange market piete complete - (portofolii care cuprind orice tip dorit de cdstigiiri) (fin.) complete markets

~ consolidate geografic - (tranzactiile biirsiere mondiale) geographically consolidated markets ~ continue - (piete financiare care permit ca operatiile sd fie executate oricdnd in deciirsiil iinei zile de tran-zactionare) continous markets ~ fragmentate geografic - (tranzactiile bursiere realizate pe diferite piete geografice sunt combinate pe o piatd centralizatd prin computer) geographically fragmented markets a crea o piata - to make a market a provoca panica pe ~ - to raid into the market pichet^./i. picket ~ de greva — strike picket pichetare s.f. (de cdtre grevisti, demonstranti) picketing picior s.n. (imitate de mdsiird pentru liingime) foot ~ -cherestea - board-foot measure ~ de ulaj - ullage foot/stick pierde v.t. 1. to lose; (trenul, ocazia etc.) to miss; (timpiil) to waste 2. (bani prin investitii nerentabile) to sink 3. (la jocuri de noroc) to gamble away 4. (drept'ul la) to forfeit v.i. to lose pierdere s.f. loss; waste, wastage; (pagiibd) damage ~ a navlului - (ca urmare a indispo- nibilitdtii navel) loss of freight ~ a unui drept - (prin incdicarea unui contract) forfeit, forfeiture -' accidentals - accidental damage ~ aditionala - additional loss ~ bruta -gross loss ~ contabila - (pierdere rezultatd dintr-o depreciere a posturilor de activ sail o repreciere a posturilor de pasiv) book loss

258

~ de bani - (prin investitii nerentabile) sinking ~ de capital - (la vdnzarea activelor de capital) capital loss ~ de clientela - loss of customers ~ de curs ~ (pierdere survenitd prin cumpdrarea unui titlu si revdnzarea sa la un curs inferior) price loss ~ de forta de munca - (din cauza angajatilor care demisioneazd din motive personate) labour wastage ~ de greutate - weight loss ~ de translatie - (pierdere cauzatd de transpunerea situafiilor financier e din valuta filialei strdine in valuta societdtii-mama) (fin.) translation loss ~ deliberata/intentionata - (pent) •u a evita plata impozitului pe profit) tax loss ~ din credite obtinute traudulos - fraud loss ~ in avaria comuna - (as ig. mar.) general average loss ~ in avaria particulars - (asig. mar.) particular average loss ~ mare/grava - severe/heavy loss. ~ naturala/inerenta - natural wastage ~ nerecuperabila - (manifestare a ineficientei economice) deadweight loss ~ neta - net loss ~ partiala - (asig.) partial loss ~ pe hartie - (pierdere nerealizata) paper loss ~ pe mare - maritime loss ~ pe ultimul an - (reporlul p[aiii impozitelor datorate pentrii ultimul an, practical de fisc pentru o societatc falimentard, prin raportarea la profitui obtinut pe unul din ultimii trei am) terminal loss

~ prin contractare/u scare - (la iii-iele mdrjuri) shrinkage ~ prin interpretare/prezumata -(asig. mar.) constructive/presumptive loss ~ prin scurgere - leakage loss, loss due to leakage - reala - (asig.) actual loss ~ totala - total/dead loss ~ totala a obiectului asigurat - total loss of insured object ~ totala interpretata/prezumata -(asig. mar.) constructive/presumptive total loss ~ totala reala - (asig.) actual/absolute total loss pierderi cauzate de furtui marfii - (;« timpul transportului) (asig.) pilferage ~ de exploatare - operating losses ~ la depozitare - storage losses ~ neasteptate - windfall losses ~ prin credite neperformante - credî losses ~ succesive - succeeding losses pierdut adj. lost ~ sau nepierdut - (despre nava. mar/a) (asig. mar.) lost or not lost piesa s.f. 1. part, piece 2. (specimens specimen; (exemplar) copy 3. (mo-neda) coin ~ contabila/justificativa - (covering? voucher ~ de rezerva/schimb - spare replacement/renewal part ~ detasabila - removable part ~ uzabila - wearing part pinta s.f. (imitate de mdsurd penrr^ capacitate) pint piscicultura s.f. fish breeding/culture farming/husbandry pivnita s.f. cellar, vault

PIV-PLA

-- vamala - bonded vaults plafon s.n. (nivel maxim) ceilin (extreme) limit ~ al datoriei - debt ceiling ~ al preturilor - price ceiling ~ al salariilor — wage ceiling ~ de creditare - credit ceil agreement ~ valoric/descoperit - (stabilit cadrul operatiilor de cliring) swing plafona v.t. to limit plaja s.f. 1. beach 2. {interval intre doua mdsuri, doua posibilitdti) spread ~ de licitatie — (diferenta dintre pretui de licitatie si pretui ceruf) bid-asked spread plan s.n. plan, scheme; (protect) project, draft, draught, design; (program) program(me), schedule ~ al capacitatii de incarcare - (mar.) capacity/tonnage plan ~ anual - annual/year-to-year plan ~ cadastral - cadastral survey ~ cincinal - five-year plan ~ de activitati zilnice - day plan ~ de afaceri — business plan ~ de amortizare - redemption table ~ de amplasare - (o suprafetelor de productie) floor plan ~ de ansamblu - general plan/outline; {de amplasamenf) site plan ~ de beneficii al salariatilor - (fJarticipare la profit, pensii, asigiirdri de sdndtate etc.) employee benefit plan ~ de dezvoltare zonala - planned unit development - de economii - saving/thrift plan ~- de investitii - investment plan, expenditure capital plan ~ de incarcare - (cargoplaii) (mar.) cargo plan, loading/stowage plan

__________________________259

~ de incarcare completa - (a navei) deadweight plan ~ de invatamant - curriculum ~ de livrari - schedule of delivery ~ de marketing - marketing plan ~ de pensii - pension scheme ~ de pensii contributiv - contributory

ceiling/ pension scheme ~ de pensionare - retirement plan ~ de pensionare dupa criteriul inprofesional - occupational pension scheme ~ de personal - staffing schedule ~ de perspective - long-term plan ~ de productie - production/operating/ output plan ~ de reabilitare/refacere - rehabilitation plan ~ de reduceri - (acordate cumpdrdtorului in functie de termenul de platd in numerar) (corn.) settlement terms ~ de reinvestire a dividendelor - (care permite actionarilor reinvestirea automata a dividendelor primite in actiuni ale societdtii platitoare) dividend reinvestment plan - de stimulare - (in salarizare) inventive scheme ~ de vanzare de actiuni salariatilor - (unei firme) employee share/stock ownership plan ~ personal de investitii - (in titluri de valoare) personal equity plan ~ strategic - strategic plan planifica v.t. to plan; (a programa) to schedule planificare s.f. planning ~ a productiei - production planning ~ a sortimentului de produse - product planning

260

~ a structurii organizatorice - (man.) organization planning ~ a structurii profesionale - (a perso-nalului unei companii) (man.) career planning ~ bugetara - budgetary planning ~ calendaristica - scheduling ~ centralizata - central planning ~ corporativa - corporate planning ~ economica - economic planning ~ familiala - family planning ~ globala - aggregate planning ~ strategics - strategic planning plantatie s.f. plantation planta s.f. plant ~ furajera - fodder plant '- oleaginoasa - oil plant ~ tehnica/industriala - industrial plant ~ textila - textile plant plasa v.t. (a investi bani) to place, to invest; (a vinde) to sell plasament s.n. (investitie) placement, investment ~ avantajos - eligible investment ~ dezavantajos - sinking ~ direct - (de titluri de valoare, jdrd interventia intermediarilor) direct placement ~ financiar - (cheltuiala de capital efectiiatd in vederea sporirii valorii acestuia prin diverse forme de investitie) financial placement ~ pe termen lung - long-term/-dated investment ~ pe termen scurt - short-term/'-dated investment ~ privat - (emisiuni de obligatiuni care nil fac obiectui unei subscriptii piiblice) private placement plasare s.f. placement; (vdnzare) selling, sale

~ de actiuni lipsite de valoare - (bur.» sharehawking, sharepushing plastografia v. t. to forge plastografie s.f. forgei-y plata s.f. payment, pay, disbursement; (a imei datorii) discharge, settlement-(achitare/acoperire a cheltuieHlori defrayal, defrayment ~ a concediului - vacation pay ~ a concediului medical - sick pay ~ a contrastaliilor - (mar.) demurrage ~ a impozitelor sou a taxelor -ratepaying ~ a salariilor in natura - truck system ~ a soldului - paynient of balance ~ anticipata - advance payment-payment in advance ~ contra documente - paymeni against documents ~ contra ramburs - payment forward ~ contramandata - payment countermanded ~ cu ora sau cu ziua - time wages ~ dupa livrare - payment after delivery ~ efectuata - outward payment ~ excesiva - overpayment ~ fractionata - payment in driblets ~ graduala a ipotecii - mortgage graduated payment ~ imediata in numerar - spot cash ~ integrala - full payment, payment in full ~ in acord pe iard de inaintare - [in mina) yardage ~ in alimente - (a muncitorilor^ tommy ~ in avans - advance paymeni. (iirmata de rate) down payment ~ in functie de productia realizata -payment by results

PLA-PLA__________________

~ in natura - payment in kind ~ in numerar - payment in cash; (formula pe un cec) pay cash ~ in numerar inainte de livrare - cash before delivery ~ in numerar la comanda - cash with order -- in numerar la livrare - cash on delivery ~ ill numerar la prezentarea documentelor - cash against documents ~ in rate - payment by instalments; {SUA) time pa^Tnent - la livrare - delivery on payment - la tennenu.l cuvenit - payment in due course - majora - (rata substantiald facutain contid unui miprumut} balloon payment ~ neagra - (catre un lucrdtor angajat fard contract de munca) black payment. ~ partiala - pan/parti a) payment, payment in part; (a unei datorii) payment on account - pentru antrepozitare - warehousing ~ pentru cointeresare/stimulare -(acordata conducerii unei societdti) enabling/goodwii] payment - pentru depozitarea in pivnite - cellarage ~ pentru folosirea macaralelor - cranage ~ pentm munca dificila - dirty money/pay - pentru onoare/sub protest - (a unei cambii) payment for honour/'.? upra protest ~ pentru ore suplimentare - overtime payment

____________________261

~ pentru stivuire - (mar.) stevedorage, stowage ~ pentru transportui feroviar - railage ~ prin virament - payment by transfer, cashless payment ~ progresiva - progress payment ~ restanta - overdue/outstanding payment, payment in arrear - saptamanala - weekly payment ~ simbolica - (a unei mid parti dintr-o datorie pentru a demonstra ca dehi-torul recuuoafte ,J7 se angajeazd sd-fi plateascd datonile} token payment ~ suplimentara - additional/extra pay - trimestriala - quarterage ~ ulterioara - subsequent payment plati de transfer - (pensii, ajutoare de f,omaj etc.) transfer payments - externe - external payments ~ internationale - international payments ~ periodice - periodical payments ~ preferentiale - (efectuate din averea unuifalif) (dr.) preferential payments ~ primite - payments received platforma s.f. platform ~ de antrepozitare - warehouse storage area ~ de foraj - drilling rig ~ de foraj marin - offshore drilling rig placuta s.f. plate placuta fabricii constructoare - maker's name plate plati v.i. to pay; to disburse, to defray; (o datorie) to settle, to discharge, to clear, to liquidate, to make up; (un onorariu) to fee; v.;. to pay ~ anticipat - to pay in advance, to prepay ~ cotizatii - (regulaf) to pay in

PLA-POL 262

~ daune/despagubiri - to pay damages ~ integral - to pay in full, to pay off ~ in cont curent - to pay in ~ in contui datoriei - to pay on account ~ in natura - to pay in kind; (salarii) to tmck ~ in numerar - to pay(in) cash, to pay/to put down, to cash ~ in rate - to pay by instalments ~ in rate mici - to pay out ~ la livrare - to pay on delivery ~ la timp - to pay up ~ peste - (tarif, valoare} to overpay ~ prin cec - to pay by cheque ~ sub - (tarif, valoare) to underpay platibil adj. payable; (la cerere) callable ~ cu anticipate - payable in advance ~ in numerar fara reducere - payable net cash ~ in rate - payable by instalments ~ la cerere - payable on demand ~ la livrare - payable on delivery ~ la ordin - payable to order ~ la prezentare - payable on presentation ~ la purtator - payable to bearer ~ la scadenta - payable at maturity ~ la vedere - payable at sight ~ prin andosare - payable as per endorsement platit adj. paid ~ anticipat - prepaid ~ in numerar si transportat de cumparator - (corn.) cash-and-carry platitor s.m. payer pledoarie s.f. (dr.) plea, pleading plenar adj. (despre sedinte, adundri) plenary

plenipotentiar adj. plenipotentiary pliant s.n. prospectus; folder plic s.n. envelope ~ cu fereastra - window envelope ~ cu salariul - (in numerar, incluzdnd si fisa de calcul a acestuia) paypacket plin adj. full ~ si la marca - (despre o na\a incdrcata) full and down plugar^.m. ploughman plus^./i. addition, extra; surplus ~ de casa - surplus in the cash plusuri si minusuri de casa - cash shorts and overs plusvaloare s.f. surplus value ~ absoluta - absolute surplus value ~ relativa - relative surplus value plutocratic s.f. plutocracy poanson s.n. stamp ~ de titlu - (pentru metale pretioase hallmark podgorean s.m. winegrower. viniculturist; vintner podgorie s.f. vineyard politica s.f. policy; (ca sistem) politics politica liberului schimb - free-trade policy ~ pietei deschise - (totalitatea tranzactiilor efectuate de banca central. pentru a actiona asupra masei mor.c- tare si a stabiliza nivelul ratei dobd'.- zilor) open-market policy ~ usilor deschise - (politica care pc"- mite strdinilor sd desfdsoare acti\i:^ economicc sau sd emigreze intr-o (:':-- mitd tara) open-door policy politica a cererii - demand policy ~ a nivelului de trai - standard of iii^ policy ~ a ocuparii - (care urmdreste mer^- nerea si cresterea gradului de ocup^s

POL-PRO 263 a populatiei active prin asigurarea locurilor de munca) employment policy ~ a ofertei - supply-side policy ~ agresiva de vanzari - aggressive sales policy ~ agricola - agricultural policy ~ antiinflationista - anti-inflation policy ~ antitrust - antitrust policy - bugetara - budgetary policy ~ comerciala - trade policy ~ concurentiala - (impusa de guvern pentru a combatc monopolwile) competition policy - de austeritate - austerity policy ~ de creditare a bancii - bank lending policy -" de credite cu dobanzi ridicate - dear money policy ~ de dividende - dividend policy ~ de expectativa - (politico comerciala) wait-and-see policy - de marketing - marketing policy - de mediu - environmental policy ~ de personal - (a unei firme) personnel policy ~ de plasament/investitii - investment policy -- de preturi - pricing policy ~ de relansare - (economica) expansion policy ~ de relansare prin credit - expansion-credit policy ~ de relansare prin oferta - supply- -expansion policy ~ de restrictii bugetare - policy of retrenchment ~ de stabilizare - stabilization policy - de venituri - income policy

~ deflationists - policy of deflation, disinflationary policy ~ economica - economic policy; (specified unei anumite administratii) (SUA) deal ~ externa - foreign policy ~ fiscala - fiscal policy ~ industrials - industrial policy ~ inflationista - policy of inflation, inflationary policy ~ interna - internal/home policy ~ monetara - monetary policy ~ salariala — wage policy ~ tarifara/vamala - tariff policy polita s.f. 1. (cambie) bill of exchange 2. {de asigurare} policy ~ de asigurare - insurance policy, policy of insurance ~ de asigurare a bagajelor - baggage policy ~ de asigurare a banilor in tranzit - (pentru sumele transportate intre banci) cash-in-transit policy ~ de asigurare a caricului - cargo insurance policy ~ de asigurare a locuintei - household policy ~ de asigurare a navei - vessel policy ~ de asigurare a navei in constructie - builder's/construction policy ~ de asigurare a titlului de proprietate - (realizatd de cumpdrdtorul unui bun imobiliar impotriva unei eventuale contestdri in justitie, cdnd vdnzdtorul nu poate dovedi te- meinic titlul de proprietate) (defective) title policy ~ de asigurare casco - hull policy ~ de asigurare colectiva - collective policy

264 PLO-POM ~ de asigurare de calatorie - (asigurare medicald, impotriva furtului etc.) traveller's policy ~ de asigurare de viata - life (insurance) policy ~ de asigurare de viata conditionata de profitui actiunilor comune - (pe piata bursiera) equity-linked policy ~ de asigurare de viata fara beneficii suplimentare - without-profits policy ~ de asigurare deschisa - open policy/cover ~ de asigurare evaluata - {care specified valoarea interesuhii asigurat) (asig. mar.) valued policy ~ de asigurare flotanta - (in asigurdrile maritime si de incendiu) floating policy, floater ~ de asigurare generala - general/comprehensive insurance policy, running policy ~ de asigurare impotriva incendiilor - fire insurance policy ~ de asigurare impotriva intreruperii afacerii - (cauzatd de tin accident major) business interruption policy, consequential loss policy ~ de asigurare impotriva pierderii profitului — (prin inchiderea unei afaceri) loss-of-profits policy; (SUA) use and occupancy policy ~ de asigurare impotriva tuturor riscurilor - all-risks policy ~ de asigurare in bloc- (pentru diferite riscuri) blanket (insurance) policy; (pentru mai multe voiaje) (asig. mar.) block policy ~ de asigurare limitata - (care asigurd numai anumite riscuri) limited policy

~ de asigurare maritima - marine insurance policy, underwriter's policy ~ de asigurare mixta - mixed policy ~ de asigurare neevaluata - (care r.u specified valoarea interesului asignran unvalued policy ~ de asigurare nenominalizata - {:r. care primele sunt revizuite periodic ir. functie de modi/lean Ie intervenite ir. riscurile acoperite) declaration policy ~ de asigurare nominala - named policy ~ de asigurare pe termen - time policy ~ de asigurare pe voiaj - (asig. mar. voyage policy ~ de asigurare pentru cheltuielile medicale - medical expenses policy ~ de asigurare pentru raspunderea patronilor - (in caz de accidente de mimed) employers' liability policy ~ de asigurare suplimentara - supplementary policy ~ de asigurare-tip - standard policy ~ de onoare/fara obiect asigurat - (asig. mar.) honour/wager/gaming policy, policy proof of interest ~ de reasigurare - reinsurance policy. policy of reinsurance ~ mixta - (garantata de eel putin dona societdti de asigurare) composite policy polua v.t. to pollute poluare s.f. pollution ~ a apei - water pollution ~ cronica - (repetatd si de hingi.'. duratd) chronic pollution ~ fluviala - river pollution ~ marina - marine pollution pomana s.f. alms, charity; handout pomicol adj. fruit-growing

PLO-POM POM-POR 265 pomicultor s.rn. fruit grower/farmer, orchardist pomicultura s.f. fruit growing/farming pompa s.f. 1. pump 2. pomp, ceremony pompe funebre - undertaking, funeral furnishers pont s.n. (in forma fie confidentiala la bursd, cursele de cai etc.) tip, hint, cue ponta v.t. to clock, to book; (marfuri) to tally v.i. to tally; to check in ~ la plecare - (un salariat) to book off/out ~ la sosire - (tin salariat} to book in pontaj s.n. clocking, booking; (de marfuri) tally, tallying ~ defectuos - faulty tallying ~ la descarcare - tally of discharge ~ la incarcare - tally of loading pontator s.m. (de prezenta) time clerk/keeper; (de marfuri) tally clerk/keeper, tallyman popas s.n. (ban) inn popri v.t. to distrain, to sequestrate ~ bunuri pe cale judiciara - to distrain upon goods poprire s.f. garnishment, sequestration populatie s.f. population ~ activa - active population ~ activa disponibila - potentially economical active population ~ flotanta - floating population ~ ocupata - employed/working/ occupied population ~ stabila/fixa - resident population ~ totala - total population port s.n. harbour, port ~ aglomerat - congested port ~ artificial - artificial/floating harbour ~ comercial - commercial/trading/ mercantile port ~ continental - continental port

~ cu maree - (mchis la mareea joasa) tidal port/harbour ~ cu punct vamal - equipped port ~ cu rafinarie - refinery port ~ cu santier naval - shipbuilding port ~ de andocare - dock harbour/port ~ de buncherare - bunkering/fueling port ~ de canal - canal harbour/port ~ de descarcare - discharging port ~ de destinatie - destination port ~ de domiciliu/atas/inregistrare - home/registration port ~ de escala - port of call ~ de expediere - (a mdrfurilor) dispatching/forwarding station ~ de import - port of entry ~ de incarcare - lading/loading/ shipping port ~ de lacuri - lake port ~ de livrare - port of delivery ~ de marfuri - cargo port ~ de minereu - ore harbour ~ de operatii directe din vagoane - (fara depozitarea mar/if in port) rail port ~ de pasageri - passenger terminal ~ de plecare - port of departure, sailing port ~ de refugiu - port of distress/ necessity/refage ~ de sosire - port of arrival/entry ~ de transbordare - transshipment port ~ de tranzit - transit port ~ deschis - open harbour/port; (in baza tinui acord comercial) treaty port ~ destinat navelor retinute pentru contrabanda - port ofadjudication ~ exterior - outer harbour/port

266

~ fara vama si antrepozite vamale - unequipped port ~ fluvial - river harbour/port ~ nuvio-maritim - river-maritime port ~ industrial - industrial port ~ interior - inland/inner port ~ liber - foreign (trade) zone ~ maritim - maritime port, sea harbour/port ~ pescaresc - fishing/fishery harbour ~ petrolier - oil harbour/port ~ sezonier - seasonal port - sigur -- (din punctui de ve.dere al operam} safe port ~ terminus - terminal port ~- vamal - port of entry portabilitate s.f. (carac eristica a planurilor de pensii care pennite participantilor sa-î schimbe locul de mnnca, fara a schimba sn^sa de undo iff. vor pfinn beneficiile) portability portofe! s.n. (pentru bancnote, carti de credit etc.} wallet portofoliu s.n. (fin.) portfolio "- agresiv - (actiuni pdstrate in speranta cresterii valorii kr pentru specularea iilterioara) aggressive portfolio - de active - asset portfolio ~ de comenzi neonorate - backlog/ stock of orders - de investitii - investment portfolio ~ de piata - (portofoliul tuturor oportunitdtilor disponibile de investitii) market portfolio ~ de riscuri - risk portfolio ~ eficient - (de pe frontiera eficientei) (fin.) efficient portfolio porto-franco s.n. free port/zone portuar adj. port..., harbour...

porumb s.m. maize, Indian (SUA) corn ~ in vrae - bulk maize poseda v.t. to possess, to QW! define) to hold posesie .s-./.' possession. O\\"GC tenure; (delmere) hokling --' de fapt - actual possession ~ incorporala - (propiictciie .1 umu drept legal} IIKOT] possession ~ intermediara - mediate posse<?» ~ m virtrtea dreptului priM ocupant - occupancy "- Eegirinia - lawful possession - pe termen nelim'tat - perpetu.n' - precara - precarious tenure - temporara — (inchiriere, arer,c occupancy a da m ~ - to give possession of a lua in ~ - to take possession of a pune pe cineva in ~ - to property in smb.; (ca most eni tor e'.c »1 institute a intra in posesia - to enter upof- come/to enter into possession of a reintra/a repune in ~ - to possession of, to repossess posesor s.m. possessor, owaaKS| (detinator) holder '1~ al unei carti de credit - cardholder posibilitate s.f. 1. possibility 2 M; (mijioace) means; (resurse) resourca? ; ~ de revocare - (care li penw" emitentului sd-si rasciimpere ?K/'yntf'i de valoare, la un pret speci^-cait.. j inainte de maturitate) call fefians. callability ~ de schimb - exchangeability post s.n. post, place, appointrr. (shijba)]ob

POS-PRA 267 ~ cu norma intreaga - full-time job ~ cu norma partiala - part-time job ~ liber/vacant - vacant post/job, vacancy ~ liber temporar - casual vacancy posturi tranzitorii - (cont.) accruals postdata v.t. to postdate, to backdate, to date forward poster s. n. poster post-restant s.n. paste restante; (SUA) (care ot) general delivery postal adj. postal, post... po§ta s.f. post, mail; (corespondentd) mail; (oficiu) post office ~ aeriana - air mail ~ electronica - electronic mail ~ interna - inland mail ~ rapida - express mail potential adj., s.n. potential ~ al pietei - market potential ~ de productie - productive potential ~ de vanzare - sales potential ~ de viitor - prospective potential ~ economic - economic potential povara s.f. burden, load; (greutate) weight ~ a datoriei - debt burden ~ a impozitelor - pressure of taxation pozitie s.f. 1. position 2. (ampla-sament) situation, site 3. (sociala) standing, status, condition 4. [stare, sold al limit cont; in cadrid iinm portofoliu de titluri, numdru! de titluri ale aceleiasi societati; m cadrul operatiunilor de schimb sau de bursd, or din de cumparare sau vanzare m curs de execulie) position ~ creditoare - (cont.) creditor position ~ descoperita - (ydnzare fdrd aco-perire) (bur.) short position/ covering

~ pe piata - (a unei societati) share of market ~ sintetica — (obtinutd prin tranzac-tionarea optiunilor, cat si a instru-mentelor care stall la baza acestora) (bur.) synthetic position ~ sociala - social standing, status, condition ~ tehnica - (referitor la situatia pe piatd a unor actiuni) {bur.) technical position practic adj. \. practical; (folositor, util) useful; (aplicat) applied 2. (despre o persoana) practical (-minded), matter--of-fact; (priceput) experienced, skilled practica v.t. to practise; to put into practice; (afolosi) to use, to employ ~ o profesie - to practise a profession practicant s.m. probationer; (stagiar) improver practica s.f. practice; (uzantd) practice, usage, use; (metoda) practice, method ~ comerciala - commercialism, trade practice ~ de navigatie - navigational/sailing practice ~ in productie - plant practice practici comerciale neloiale - unfair trade practices ~ comerciale restrictive — (actiuni ale societdtilor private sau de stat care practica o concurentd restrictivd neloiald) restrictive business/trade practices prags.n. threshold ~ de rentabilitate - (situatie in care incasdrile sunt egale cu costiirile, iar profitui este mil) breakeven (point) ~ de rentabilitate a numerarului -(prag de rentabilitate obtinut cdnd se scad elementele nemonetare - cele care

268

nu reprezintd iefire de immerar - din costurile fixe) (fin.) cash breakeven point - de saracie - poverty level/line/ threshold ~ de trecere de la un post de specialitate la uq post de conducere - (mail.) management threshold ~ diferential - (pragul reactiei c'dmpardwului la stf/nuienti) differential threshold a atinge pragul de rents bilitate - to break even prajiisa s.f. 1. (imitate de mdsrrd pentru lungmie) perch, pole- 2. (inHate de masurd pentru lungime f! suprafata) ro(o)d prealabil adj. previous, preceding preambala v.t. to prepack preaviz .';./;. (previous) notice, warning ~ de concediere - warning for discharge ~ de o saptamana - a week's notice a da im ~ - to give notice precapitalist adj. precapitalistic precedent adj. previous, prior precontract s. n. precontract preda v.t. to hand over, to deliver; (a remite) to consign; (a incredinta) to commit, to entrust with predare s.f. handing over, delivery; (remitere) consignment; (incredintare) commitment, entrusting with ~ altei nave - (prin transbordare) delivery overside ~ conform uzului - customary delivery ~ de la bord - (mar.) outboard delivery ~ de-a lungul navei/sub palanc/sotto palanco - (mar.) alongside delivery

~ definitiva/reala - actual delivery ~ eronata/gresita - misdelivery ~- exacta - right and true deliver). ~ franco -- free delivery ~ imediata - prompt delivery ~ in minus - (fata de documenreie it' transport) .short delivery '- Tntarziata - o'verdue delivery ~ la bordu! navei - (mar.) delivery •~v. board - necorespunzatoare " (a actiiinilc-^ (inir.) bad dciive"/ ~ pestt" bord 1- (mar.) o^.'ers-A delive"y, discharging overside ~ priii t'ransbordare - deiive.-y '•"' tran.'sfer ~ urgenta - express delivury predat adj. delivered ~ 111 ininus - (fata de documente!^ df trafiSpof •t) .shon- landed predispozitie s.f. predisposino-- propensity ~ strategical - (tendmia unei societal. de a nrma G anwnitd strategic pe baz^ activitdtii trecnte §i a activelor sa!ei strategic predisposition predispus adj. (la) predisposed inclined to ~ la accidente - accident-prone preemptiune s.f. (dr.) preemption prefabrica v.i. to prefabricate prefabricat adj. (din beton) precast s.n. (in constructii} prefabricated part. precast unit preferential adj. preferential, preferred preferinta s.f. preference ~ a consumatorilor - consumer preference ~ frauduloasa - (price platd efecfuata de cdtre un debitor, in infervalul de trei him la sfdryitui caruia e declarat falit.

PRE-PRE 269 catre uiml dintre creditori in detrimental celorlaiti} {dr.) fraudulent preference ~ pentru lichiditati - [dorinia de a define bani licliizi} liquidity preference preferinte economice ale intreprinza-torului - entrepreneur's economic preferences pregatire s.f training ~ de tehnica protectiei muncii -safety education ~ m cadrui intreprinderii - training within industry, m-house training '- in grup - group training - la locul de munca -job training ~ teoretica - desk training prejudicia v.t. to prejudice, to be prejudicial/detrimental to; (a lezd) to injure prejudiciu s.n. prejudice, detriment, disadvantage; (pagiibd} damage, loss; (moral} injury a cauza un ~ - to do a prejudice/an injury preleva v.t. (mostre) to sample, to take samples prelevare s.f. (de mostre) sampling ~ aleatorie de mostre - random sampling ~ de mostre in trepte - multistage sampling ~ de mostre pe grupuri - cluster sampling ~ de mostre reprezentative - representative sampling prelua v.t. (afaceri, datorii etc.} to take over ~ ilegal un teren - to jump a claim ~ o afacere/firma - to succed to a business ~ o functie - to take an office

~ un rise - to assume/to take a risk preluare s.f. (de afaceri, datorii etc.} takeover; (absorbtie, preluare a unei societdti de catre o aha mat mare} absorption, combination ~ a controlului asupra unei societati - (prm acumularea treptatd a actiunilor de la midi actionari} (bur.} warehousing ~ ferma - (forma de plasament prin care o bancd sail un grup de band preia, la un anumit pret, totalitatea unui imprumut si oferd titlurile prin siibscriptie publicd pe riscul sdu) firm/direct underwriting; (a actiunilor i-mise) taking firm ~ inversa — (cumpdrarea unei societal! anonime de catre una cu rdspundere limitatd sail a unei societdti man de catre una mai mica) (bur.} reverse/ inverted takeover ~ lenta/treptata a controlului - (asupra unei societdti} creeping control/takeover ~ ostila - (achizitionarea printr-o ofertd pe care conducerea societdtii vizate o respinge} hostile takeover prelucra v.t. to process; to work; (mecanic} to machine; (a uzind) to tool prelucrare s.f. processing; (mecanica) machining; (uzinare) tooling ~ automata a datelor - automatic data processing ~ integrata a datelor - integrated data processing prelungi v.t. (un termen} to prolong; (dr.} to continue; (viza, valabilitatea} to extend; (a reinnoi} to renew; (a amdna} to delay prelungire s.f. (a unui termen) prolongation; (dr.} continuation; (a

PRE-PRE 270

vizei, a valabiUtdtii) extension; (reinnoire) renewal; (amdnare) delay ~ a unei cambii - renewal of a bill of exchange ~ a unui credit - extension of a credit premia v.t. to award a prize to; (a rdspldti, a recompensa) to reward; (la salariii un functionar etc.) to give/to award a bonus to premiu s.n. prize; (distinctie, titlu etc.) award; (rasplatd, recompensa) reward; (la salariu) premium, bonus, bounty presa v.t. (a indemna, a zori) to urge; (cerdnd bani) to dun prescriptie s.f. 1. direction, regulation; specification 2. (dr.) prescription ~ achizitiva/pozitiva - {mod de dobdndire a proprietdtii prin posesia mdelungatd a unui bun) (dr.) aquisitive/positive prescription ~ extinctiva - (dr.) limitation of actions ~ negativa — (mod de pierdere a proprietdtii prin abandonarea indelungatd a unui bun) (dr.) negative prescription prescriptii de calitate - quality specifications ~ tehnice - technical specifications presiune s.f. 1. pressure 2. (exercitata pentru semnarea unui contract) (dr.) duress ~ a cererii - pressure of demand ~ a speculantilor a la baisse - (bur.) bear run ~ a speculantilor a la hausse - (bur.) bull run ~ a stocurilor de marfuri - inventory pressure ~ fiscala - fiscal pressure ~ inflationists - inflationary pressure prestare s.f. carrying out

prestari de servicii - providing services presedinte s.m. president; (al unei adundri, al unui comitet, al unui consiliu) chairman ~ al consiliului de administrate - chairman of the board (of directors/ board chairman presedintie s.f. presidency; chairmanship pretentie s.f. claim, demand; (nelegald, nefondatd) exaction ~ de despagubire - claim for damage ~ nefondata - bad claim ~ rezonabila - fair claim pretinde v.t. to claim; (a cere) to require ~ despagubiri - to claim damages pret s.n. price; (cost) cost; (cheltuiald) charge; (tarif) rate ~ ajustabil - sliding scale price ~ al biletului dus-intors - return fare ~ al bileti'lui simplu/de dus - single fare ~ al marfii la descarcare - (mar.) landed price ~ al navlului - charter money/rate, freight rate ~ al pietei - market price ~ al zilei - day's price ~ atractiv - charm price ~ brut - gross price ~ brut al marfii ~ gross value ~ ce include taxele vamale - duty-paid price ~ cerut - price asked, demand price; (pret la care un dealer va vinde acthmile pe care Ie define) ask (price) ~ competitiv - competitive price ~ contractual - contract price ~ convenabil - fair/reasonable price

PRE-PRE 271

PRE-PRE - convenit/stabilit - agreed price ~ cu amanuntui - retail price ~- cu amanuntui recomandat - (de producdtor) recommended retail price ~ cu plata in numerar - cash price ~ cu reducere/rabat - discount price ~ cu ridicata - wholesale price ~ curent - current/going/ruling/ regular/standard price ~ de baza - basis price ~ de catalog - catalogue/list price ~ de conversie - (.pretui efectiv platit pentru actiiinile comune atunci cdnd sunt obtinnte prin conversia actiunilor preferentiale sail a obligatiunilor convertibile) conversion price ~ de cost - cost price, net cost ~ de cost antecalculat - precalculated cost price ~ de cost brut - gross cost ~ de cost contabil - book/accounting cost ~ de cost efectiv - actual/real cost ~ de cost integral - (care include costiil de productie si profitui produ- cdtorului) full-cost price ~ de cost pe unitate/unitar - unit cost ~ de cost pe unitate de marfa - single cost ~ de cost total - total cost ~ de cost uniform - flat cost ~ de cumparare - purchase price ~ de dumping - dumping price "- de echilibru - equilibrium price '- de emisiune ~ {a titluriior) issue price - de exercitiu - (cursul la care cumpd-rdtorul unei optiuni de cumparare sail vdnzare poate dobdndi sail ceda activul in cauza) (bur.) exercise/strike price ~ de export - export price

~ de fabrica - factory/prime/ first cost ~ de inventar - stocktaking price ~ de livrare - (care include toate cheltuielile de transport pdnd la punctui de livrare'} delivered price ~ de monopol - monopoly price ~ de oferta - supply price; (pretui la care sunt vdndute publiculiii actiunile comune) (bur.) offering price ~ de producator - manufacturer's price - de rascumparare - (a titluriior de valoare) redemption/repurchase price ~ de regie - force account rate - de revocare - (a titluriior de valoare, la un pret specificat, inainte de maturitate) call price ~ de sacrificiu/sub pretui de cost -sacrifice price ~ de sold - sale/bargain price ~ de subscriptie - subscription price ~ de soc/reclama - knockdown price ~ de vanzare/desfacere - selling price ~ derizoriu - knockout price ~ efectiv - (de tranzactionare a actiunilor) (bur.) actual price ~ exorbitant - racking/unreasonable price ~ facturat - invoice price

fix/stabil - ferm/fixed/stable/ standing/strong/constant/set price ~ general/unic - blanket/flat price ~ global/forfetar - overall cost, lump sum price - hedonic - (pretui implicit/evaluativ al fiecdrei caracteristici functionate a mdrfii) hedonic price ~ impus - administered price ~ informativ - informative price

PRE-PRE 272

~ initial/de strigare - (la Ucitatie) starting/reserve price; (SUA) upset price ~ integral - full price ~ intern/de transfer - (fohsit in schimburile dintre sectoarele/diviziile unei companu multinationale etc.) transfer price ~ in antrepozitele vamale - (inainte de vamuire) in-bond price ~ in care sunt cuprinse toate serviciile - inclusive terms ~ in crestere - rising price ~ incarcat/exagerat - loaded price ~ la deschidere - {bur.) opening price ~ la incarcarea in vagoane - price on rail ~ la tnchidere - (bur.) closing price ~ la nivelul pragului de rentabilitate - breakeven price ~ la termen - forward price ~ liber/nefixat - open price ~ liber de piata - free market price ~ -limita/-prag - (pret minim) threshold price ~ marcat/afisat - marked price ~ mare/ridicat - high price ~ maximal - (stabilit de guvern, permis de o lege) maximum price ~ mediu - average/mean price ~ minimal - floor price; (stabilit de guvern) minimum price ~ neoficial - (dupd inchiderea bursei) after-hours price; (la bursa neoficiald) kerb/street price ~ net - net price ~ nominal - nominal price ~ oferit - (la Ucitatie) bid (price), bidding; (pret pe care un dealer il va plati pentrii o actiune) bid (price)

~ pentru vanzarea in rate - hire- -purchase price ~ - plafon - ceiling price ~ prohibitiv/inaccesibil - prohibitive price ~ putin scazut - (pentru a atrage cumpdrdtori) shade price ~ recomandat de producator - manufacturer's recommended price ~ redus - (drastic) cut price ~ redus in cazul platii in numerar - price subject to a cash discount ~ scazut - low price ~ special - special price ~ spot/pentru livrarea imediata - spot price ~ strans — (cdnd intre pretui cerut s: eel oferit este o diferentd mica) (bur.) close price ~ suplimentar - extra price ~ supraevaluat datorita penuriei - scarcity price/value ~ sustinutûbventionat - support subsidized price ~ tarifar/de referinta - tariff scheduled price, tariff/scale rate ~ - tinta - (pretui fixat periodic de CEE pentru produsele agricole) target price ~ total/care include toate cheltuielile - inclusive price ~ - umbra - (pret utilizat in situatia ii: care nu existd un pret al pietei, cum ar fi cazul tranzactiilor interne ale firmelor man etc.) shadow price ~ unic - flat price ~ unitar - unit price pretui eel mai bun/avantajos - (bur. i best price ~ eel mai scazut - bottom price

PRE-PRI 273 preturi ale marfurilor in expeditie - (mar.) prices afloat ~ diferentiale - (pentru acelasi produs pe piele diferite) differential/split prices ~ medii pe piata - market averages ~ mondiale - world market prices ~ ridicate/avantajoase pentru vanzator - seller's prices ~ sezoniere - seasonal prices pretui v.t. to value, to valuate, to estimate, to appraise ~ la - to set the price/value at ~ putin - to set a low value on pretuitor s.m. (evahiator) valuer, estimator, rater, appraiser prevedea v.t. 1. to foresee, to forecast 2. (a stipula) to stipulate, to provide; (prin. contract) to covenant; (cu fonduri) to furnish; {in bugef) to budget previziune s.f. (prognozd) forecast; (a cursului actiunilor) (bur.) outlook prezenta v.t. to present: (a oferi) to offer; (a da) to give; (a expune) to exhibit, to display; dm raporf) to make; (explicatii, referinte. probe etc.) to furnish; (pentru acceptare) to hand in ~ incorect/inexact - (date) to misrepresent ~ o oferta de furnizare de marfuri - to tender for a supply of goods ~ scrisori de acreditare - to deliver credentials ~ un cec spre incasare - to present a cheque for payment ~ un plan spre aprobare - to submit a plan for approval prezentare s.f. presentation; (oferta) offer; (oferta pentru furn izarea de marfuri, servicii) tender; (expiiiiere) exhibition, display

~ a sarcinilor si a cerintelor - (speci-fice unui post) (man.) job specification ~ de produse sau servicii noi - (retelei de distributie inainte de lan- surea pe piata) selling in ~ -reclama - (a unei carfi fdcutd pe coperta acesteia) blurb prezida v.t. to preside at/over, to chair v.i. to be in/to take the chair prezumat adj. (estimaf) constructive prezumptiv adj. presumptive prezumptie s.f. (dr.) presumption ~ absoluta - conclusive/irrefutable presumption ~ de fapt - presumption of fact ~ legala - presumption of law prim num., adj. first prima adunare generala a actionarilor - statutory meeting ~ ipoteca - first mortgage ~ prima - (asig.) first premium ~ solicitare — (prima trarisd pentru achitarea unui packet de actiiini) (bur.) first call primul esalon de conducere - (imediat superior salariatilor obisnuiti) first-line management ~ exemplar - (al unei cambii) first of exchange ~ intrat, primul iesit - (metoda de control al stocurilor care presupune cd mdrfurile cumpdrate mai deinult vor fi utilizate prioritar in procesul de productie) (cent.) first in, first out - semestru - (bur., cont.) first-half year ~ sosit, primul operat - (navele sunt operate in ordinea. sosirii) (mar.) first come, first served prima s.f. premium; (gratificaiie, bonificatie) bonus, gratuity; (subventie

274

guvernamentala acordald agriculturii, unor sectoare industriale, pentru susti-nerea exporturilor) bounty ~ compusa - (in asigurdrile de viatd) compound bonus ~ de actiune - (diferenta dintre pretui actiunii si valoarea sa nominala) share premium ~ de asigurare - insurance premium ~ de celeritate - dispatch money ~ de eficienta - efficiency bonus ~ de emisiune a actiunilor - premium on an issue/on shares ~ de export - export bounty ~ de inllatie — (primd pentru inflatia aiiticipatd sail estimatd pe care investi-torii o adund la rata purd a rentabilitdtii) inflation/inflationary premium ~ de inflatie la rata dobanzii -interest rate inflationary premium ~ de munca in conditii de praf (la descdrcarea cerealelor, a cimentului etc.) dust allowance ~ de negociabilitate/lichiditate -(primd addugatd de investitori la rata dobanzii umii titlu de valoare pentru a compensa lipsa unei piete de tranzac-tionare a acestuia) (fin.) marketability premium ~ de optiune - (platitd de cumpd-rdtorul unei optiuni de cumpdrare) option premium ~ de pavilion - (mar.) flag share ~ de productivitate ~ productivity bonus ~ de productie - production bonus ~ de rascumparare - redemption premium ~ de reinnoire - (a conlractuliii de asigurare pentru un an) renewal premium

~ de revocare - (sumd peste valoarec nominala care trebuie pidtitd de o societate cdnd revocd o emisiune iie titluri de valoare) call premium ~ de rise - (diferenta dintre raid necesard a rentabilitdtii unui actn riscant dat î rata rentabilitdtii unu: activ lipsit de rise cu aceeasi viald estimatd) (fin.) risk premium ~ de rise de piata - (fin) market risk premium ~ de stimulare - premium pay. incentive premium ~ directa/pentru optiune de cumparare - (bur.) premium for the call ~ esalonata - (as ig.) deferred premium ~ globala - (asig.) gross premium ~ integrals ~ (asig.) full premium ~ inversa/pentru optiune de vanzare - (bur.) premium for the put ~ in actiuni - share bonus ~ in numerar - cash bonus ~ necastigata - (restituitd asiguratuliii de societatea de asigurdri cdnd proprietatea acestuia nu afost amenintatd de rise) unearned premium ~ oferita contra expedierii unui bon - (care dovedeste achizitionarea unor produse) mail-in-premium ~ pentru economisirea timpului de munca - time-saving bonus ~ pentru marirea productiei - (acordatd muncitorilor) acceleration premium ~ pentru neridicarea vreunei pretentii de plata - (de cdtre titidarul unei polite de asigurare auto) no-claim bonus ~ supliinentara - (asig.) additional, extra/loaded premium, surcharge primarie s.f. town/city hall

PR1-PRO 275 primi v.t. to receive, to get; to accept primire s.f. reception, receiving, receipt ~ in cont - receipt on account principal adj. principal, main, chief, leading principiu s.n. principle principiul exceptiei - {management prin eliminare, retinerea aspectelor critice in detrimental celor neesentiale de catre manager) exception principle ~ posibilitatilor de plata - (impozite proportionale cu veniturile) ability-to- -pay principle prioritate s.f. priority ~ a ofertei - first refusal ~ la descarcare - unloading priority priva v.t. \. (de) to deprieve (of) 2. (de un drept/o capacitate legala) (dr.) to incapacitate ~ de dreptui de achitare a unei ipoteci - (prin depdsirea termenului de scadenta) {dr.) to foreclose ~ de dreptui de folosinta - {dr.) to foreclose privare s.f. 1. deprivation 2. (de un drept, o capacitate legala) (dr.') incapacitation; foreclosure privat adj. private; personal privatiza v.t. to privatize privatizare s.f. privatization ~ a unei societati prin preluarea pachetului majoritar de actiuni de catre conducerea existenta - management buy-out ~ a unei societati prin preluarea pachetului majoritar de actiuni de catre o cchipa manageriala din afara ei - management buy-in privilegiat adj. (despre creditori ale caror creante sunt rambursate

prioritar in caz de faliment) privileged, preferential, preferred privilegiu s.n. \. privilege; preference, preferential/preferred claim 2. (acordat de regind sail de parlament pentru wfiintarea unei societati, a unei firme etc.) charter ~ de conversie - (dreptui unui individ, asigurat in grup, so. mcheie o asigurare individtiald cdnd asigurarea colectivd expird) (asig.) conversion privilege ~ de emisiune - issue power ~ de plata anticipate - (a unei datorii mainte de scadenta) prepayment privilege ~ de reinnoire a termenului de asigurare - renewal privilege of term insurance ~ de revocare — (clauzd in corporatd intr-o obligatiune sail actiune preferentiald care ii da emitentului dreptui de a revoca titlul de valoare la un pret specificat) call privilege ~ in caz de faliment - (stabilirea preferentiald a ordinii creditorilor repartizati in diverse clase) preferential/preferred claim under bankruptcy prost adj. bad proasta administrare/conducere - maladministration proba s.f. 1. proof, test; (incercare) trial; (a metalelor) assay; (verificare, control) verification, control 2. (mostrd) sample, specimen 3. (dovada) proof, evidence ~ de accept - (a! unei camhii de catre tras) acceptance trial

de anduranta/rezistenta -endurance test ~ de calitate - control test

276 PRO-PRO ~ de exploatare/functionare - performance test ~ de fezabilitate - feasibility test ~ de lucru - (in indiistria te.xti1.ci) sample of fabric/work ~ de omologare - acceptance test/trial ~ de predare - {a navel} delivery trial - de receptie - qualification/official/ warranty test ~ de receptie-predare - acceptance delivery test ~ la cumparare - purchase trial ~ la scara naturala - field experinient - -martor - check/duplicate sample -~ medie - average sample ~ testimonials - (dr.) proof by witness problema s.f. problem, question; (chesfiiine) matter; (obiect al wiei discutii, al unei con'troversc) issue ~ de fond - substantive issue; fundamental question ~ de reprezentare/mandat (potential conflict de interese mtre actionarii unei finne si conducerea acesteia sail nitre obligator! si actionari) agency problem proceda v.i. to act; (la) to proceed (to), to go on (to) procedeu s.n. procedure, proceeding; method procedura s.f. procedure, proceeding, practice ~ de arbitraj - arbitration procedure ~ de faliment - procedure in bankruptcy ~ judiciara -judicial/legal proceeding ~ judiciara sumara - summary proceeding ~ vamala - procedure of customs procent s.n. percentage, rate (per cent) ~ al impunerii - tax rate

~ de rebuturi - reject rate ~ ridicat - heavy percentage procentaj s.n. percentage proces s.n. 1. process 2. (dr.) action a: law, case; (civil) (law) suit; (penan criminal trial ~ civil - civil case, (law) suit ~ de daune - damage suit ~ de identificare - (a salariatului cu obiectivele mtreprinderii) (mat1.. fusion process - de productie - production process - economic - economic process - industrial - industrial run ~ penal - criminal trial, case ~ tehnologic - operating process, flow - -verbal - (official) report; record a fi in ~ cu cineva - to be at law with smb. a intenta un ~ cuiva - to bring smb. to law, to bring/to enter an action against smb., to institute/to take legal proceedings against smb. procura v.t. to procure, to obtain, to get; (bani) to raise, to obtain, to find procurator s.m. (tnandatar) procurator, proxy procura s.f. procuration, proxy, power of attorney, letter of attorney procuration, warrant/warranty of attorney, trust deed/instrument ~ de administrare - (a averii unei persoane decedate) letters of administration ~ pentru vanzare - trust for sale ~ speciala - special/particular power (of attorney) producator adj. producing, yielding; productive s.m. producer. manufacturer; (de jilrne, spectacole,

PRO-PRO 277 programe de radio fi televiziune) producer ~ individual - individual producer ~ la costuri marginale - marginal cost producer ~ particular - private producer produce v.t. 1. to produce, to manufacture 2. (profit, dobdndd) to return, to yield; (o recolta} to yield ~ m serie - to mass-produce - pe handa rulanta - to produce on the line "- prea in'iilt fata de - (cerere sent cantitatea pre.'i'azuta} to overproduce - sub - {randament'd normal} to underproduce prodnctiv adj. productive, efficient, gainful; {despre zacammte, tereiwrif pay, payable productivitate s.f. productivity, efficiency - a capitalului - productivity of capital

a capitalului fix - physical productivity ~ a factorilor de productie -productivity of factors of production "- a muncii - productivity of labour, working efficiency ~ globala - (eficienta agregatd a utilizdrii tuturor factorilor de productie la nival de imitate economicd) overall productivity -~ maxima - peak productivity ~ medic - average productivity ~ pe om-ora - output per man-hour ~ pe om-schimb - output per man-shift productie s.f. production, output, outturn; manufacture; {agricola) yield, harvest

~ agricola - agricultural/farm production, harvest ~ artizanala/la domiciliu - cottage production ~ continua - permanent output ~ de calitate superioara - quality production ~ de marfuri - commodity production ~ de serie - standard production, repetitive manufacturing '- efectiva/reala - effective output

rixperimeiitala/-pilot - pilot production - g5obala - gross/aggregate output ~ indirecta - (care foloseste diviziunea Jinmcii) indirect production ~ industriala - industrial outpui/ production

interna - indigenous/home production - in flux/pe banda - flow/line production, belt system of production ~ in flux continuu - continuous flow production ~ in serie/masa - mass/quantity/serial production - in serie mica/discontinua - small- -scale production ~ la hectar - crop capacity, yield production ~ -marfa - market output ~ maxima - maximum/peak/ultimate./ capacity output ~ modulara - modular production ~ medie - average output ~ me§te$ugareasca - handicraft industry ~ neta - net production ~ nominala - rated output ~ orara - hourly output/production

278 PRO-PRO ~ pe cap de locuitor - per capita output ~ pe loturi - batch production ~ pe om-ora - output per man-hour ~ pe om-schimb - output per man-shift ~ potentials - potential production ~ primara — (a materiilor prime} primary production ~ -record - record output ~ redusa - reduced output ~ saptamanala - weekly output/ production ~ secundara - (f'abricarea de produse finite din materii prime si realizarea de constructii civile) secondary production ~ tertiara - (a serviciilor) tertiaiy production ~ vinicola - (a iinui an) vintage ~ zilnica - daily output/production produs s.n. {artificial sail natural) product; {natural sail agricol) produce; (articol) article; (marfd) commodity; (care se aruncd dupd mtrebuintare, in general una singurd) throwaway ~ agricol - agricultural/farm produce ~ brut - crude product; (nefinisat) raw product ~ cu defect - faulty product ~ cu implicare puternica - (pe care ciimpdrdtonil se hotdrdste cu greu sd-l achizitioneze) high-involvement product ~ cu implicare scazuta - (pe care cumpdrdtorul se hotdrdste iisor sd-l achizitioneze') low-involvement product ~ de substitute - substitution product ~ ecologic - green product ~ farmaceutic - pharmaceutical ~ final - end product ~ finit - final/terminal product

~ inferior - (pentru care cererea scade atunci cdnd scad si preturile) infenor good ~ intern brut - gross domestic producr ~ intern net - net domestic product ~ marginal - (productia suplimentars care se obtine prin folosirea unes unitdti in plus dintr-o resiirsd, celelalie resurse rdmdndnd neschimbate constante) marginal product ~ mondial brut - gross world product ~ national brut - gross national product ~ national net - net national product ~ neperisabil - nonperishable product ~ oferit gratuit - (de firma produ-cdtoare in scop promotional) giveaway ~ patentat - proprietary product ~ perisabil - perishable product ~ principal/de baza - primary product; (al unei tdri) staple ~ petrolier - petroleum product; oil ~ petrolier rafinat - refined oil ~ secundar/auxiliar - by(e)-product ~ sintetic - synthetic product ~ social marginal - marginal social product ~ social total - social total product produse alimentare - food products-foodstuffs ~ chimice - chemicals ~ comercializabile - marketable products ~ cu durata medie de folosinta -semidurables ~ de calitate medie/calitatea a doua-middlings ~ de culoare galbena - (bunuri de consum mai scumpe, care se schimba la intervale mari de timp) yellow goods

PRO-PRO 279 ~ de culoare maro - (bunuri de consum de folosinta indelungatd care se fabricau initial in carcase de culoare maro — radiouri, ielevizoare etc.') brown goods ~ de culoare portocalie - (bunuri de consum. precum articolele de vesti-mematie, inlocuite in ritm moderat) orange goods ~- de culoare rosie - (bunuri de consu'n, precum cele alimentare, con-sumate yi inlocuite imediat) red goods - de fabricatie interna - home products -'•' de folosinta imediata - consumer nondurables -- de folosinta indelungata •- consumer durables, hard goods - de imica foiosinta - disposable goods, disposables ~ in lucru/curs de fabricatie - (conf.) (SUA) goods in progress ~ iactate - dairy produce

mesteûgaresti - handiworks, handmade goods ~ petroliere albe/curate - (benzine. terebentme, molorina speciala) white products oil, clean/light oils ~ petroliere negre - (titei, pacurd, motorina) black/îrty oils ~ petroliere nepericuloase - (cu temperatura de aprindere sub 65°C) nondangerous oils ~ petroliere periculoase - (CM tempe-ratura de aprindere sub 23 °C) dangerous oils

semifabricate - semifinished/ semimanufactured products

similare/de substitute homogeneous products

~ textile - textile goods; (vdndute ca material) soft goods profesa v.f., v.i. to profess, to practice profesie s.f. profession, vocation, occupation profesional adj. professional, vocational, occupational profesionalism s.n. professionalism profesionist adj., s.m. professional profil s.n. profile ~ al clientelei - customer profile ~ aE concurentei - competitive profile ~ al consumatorilor - consumer profile profit s.n. profit, benefit, gain, return; proceeds, earnings, revenues ~ acumulat/nedistribuit - (actio-narilor cu scopul formarii de fonduri de investitu) retained profit/earnings, unappropriated profit/earnings, undistributed profit/earnings, retentions, earned surplus - admis - (profitui net) admitted profit - atribuibil - (profit care poatefi atri- bitit unui sector sail unui departament dintr-o organizatie) (man.) attributable profit ~ brut - gross profit; (din exploatare) trading profit ~ contabil - book/accounting profit ~ de capital - (obfinut din vdnzarea de fondurifixe) capital profit ~ de monopol - monopoly profit ~ din activitatea curenta ~ business profit

dupa impozitare/impozitat -earnings after taxes, after-tax profit ~ economic - economic profit ~ iluzoriu - illusory profit ~ impozabil - taxable profit, chargeable gain

280 PRO-PRO ~ inainte de impozitare/neimpozitat - earnings before taxes, before-tax profit ~ legal - legal profit ~ net - net/clear profit ~ normal - normal profit ~ ocazional - casual profit ~ rapid - quick returns ~ scriptic/teoretic - paper profit ~ suplimentar - extra profit a aduce ~ - to bring in profit; to yield a permite/a rezulta 1111 ~ - to leave a profit a trage un ~ din - to drive benefit/ advantage from profita v.i. {de) to profit by, to take advantage of, to trade on/upon profitabil adj. profitable, beneficial, gainful, lucrative, remunerative, moneymaking; advantageous, rewarding

~ flexibil de lucru - flexibile working

profitor adj. profiteering s.m. profiteer prognoza v.t. to forecast prognoza s.f. forecast ~ a fluxului de fonduri - fund flow forecast ~ a profitului - profit forecast ~ a vanzarilor - sales forecast ~ de afaceri - business forecast ~ de trend - trend forecast ~ economics - economic forecast ~ pe termen lung - long-term/-range forecast ~ pe termen scurt - short-term/-range forecast program s.n. program(me); (plan) schedule, plan; (orar) timetable, schedule; (politic) platform ~ al salariatilor - personnel plan ~ de amortizare - (c.ont., fin.) amortization schedule

~ de amortizare a imprumutului - loan amortization schedule ~ de descarcare - discharging schedule ~ de e$alonare a creditului - loan schedule ~ de mcarcare - loading schedule ~ de lucru — (ore de lucru in magazine yi birouri) business hours ~ de lucru cu intreruperi - broken time ~ de ree$alonare a ipotecii - mortgage rewrite programme ~ de subantrepriza - subcontract programme

hours ~ redus de lucru - short-time working, short day a lucra cu ~ redus - to be on short time programa v.t. to program(me); to plan, to schedule progress./?, progress ~ continuu/sustinut - steady progress ~ economic - economic progress ~ tehnic - technical progress progresiv adj. progressive prohibi v.t. to prohibit, to ban prohibitiv adj. prohibitive, prohibitory prohibitie s.f. prohibition proiect s.n. project, design, scheme; (de document) draft ~ de buget - draft budget, estimates

o o J

~ de contract - draft contract ~ de lege - draft law, bill ~ de lege de interes public - public bill ~ de lege financiara - (pentru alocatii bugetare) appropriation/money bill ~ de statut - draft articles

PRO-PRO 281 - tehnic - technical design proiecta v.t. to project, to design, to plan proiectant s.m. designer, planner, draftsman ~ -sef- chief designer proletar adj., s.m. proletarian proletariat s.n. proletariat proletariza v.t. to proletarianize promoter s.m. promoter promotional adj. promotional promova v.t. 1. (initiative, interese etc.) to promote; (interese) to advance; (intens un produs, o marcd etc.) to boost 2. (in grad, infunctie) to raise promovare s.f. promotion ~ a reactiei directe - (a cumpdrd-torului) direct response promotion ~ a unei marci - brand promotion ~ a vanzarilor - sales promotion ~ prin intermediul unei personalitati - personality promotion promulga v.t. to promulgate, to enact pronosport s.n. football pool/coupons pronunta v.t. (o sentintd) to pass, to deliver propasi v.;'. to prosper, to flourish, to thrive proportie s.f. proportion, ratio; percentage proportional adj. proportional proprietar s.m. owner, proprietor, holder, possessor; (care da in chirie sau in arendd) landlord ~ al marfii - cargo owner ~ care percepe o chine excesiva - rack-renter ~ cu titlu de proprietate inregistrat/ inserts - (in cartea funciara) registered proprietor ~ de chei - wharfinger

~ de magazin - storekeeper ~ de nava - shipowner ~ de nava de linie - berth owner ~ de resurse - resource owner ~ de ziar - (SUA) publisher ~ funciar - landowner ~ prezumtiv - reputed owner/ proprietor ~ riveran -- riparian ~ unic - sole owner/proprietor proprietate s.f. 1. property; (posesiune, detinere) ownership 2. (trdsdturd, calitate) property, quality ~ a unui absenteist - absentee ownership ~ abandonata pe mare - derelict ~ absoluta - absolute ownership ~ comuna - (indiviziune) joint ownership ~ cooperatista - cooperative property ~ corporala - corporeal/tangible property ~ cu drept de mostenire limitat - estate in tail ~ ereditara - fee, heir land ~ funciara - land(ed) property, estate ~ funciara absoluta - (cu drept de a o transmite oricdrui mostenitor) fee simple, freehold ~ funciara limitata - (cu drept de a o transmite unei categorii limitate de mostenitori) fee tail ~ imobiliara - real estate/property, realty, immo. able property, immovables ~ inalienabila - mortmain ~ individuala/nesolidara - severally, several property ~ indiviza - undivided property ~ industrials - (asupra brevetelor, mdrcilor etc.) industrial property

282 PRO-PRO ~ intelectuala - intellectual property ~ ipotecata - embarrassed/encumbered estate ~ inchiriata - leasehold (property), letting, tenement ~ libera de sarcini/neipotecata - estate free from encumbrances, clear estate ~ mobiliara - personal estate/property, personalty ~ necorporala - incorporeal/intangible property ~ neevaluata/neimpusa - unassessed property ~ nuda - bare ownership, ownership without usufruct ~ obsteasca - collective ownership/ property ~ ocupata temporar - (prin inchiriere sau arendare) tenancy ~ particulara/privata - private ownership/property ~ pe viata - life estate ~ publica/de stat - public/state ownership, public/state property ~ transmisibila numai pe linie feminina - tail female ~ transmisibila numai pe linie masculina - tail male proprietati tehnologice - process/ processing properties prospect s.n. prospectus; (brosurd) leaflet ~ de emisiune - issue prospectus prosper adj. prosperous, flourishing, thriving prospera v.i. to prosper, to flourish, to thrive prosperitate s.f. prosperity, thrivingness protectie s.f. protection

protectia muncii - labour protection protectie a consumatorilor - consumer protection ~ a locurilor de munca - employment protection ~ a mediului - environment protection ~ contra accidentelor - accident prevention ~ prin brevetare - patent coverage ~ sociala - social protection/security protectionism s.n. protectionism ~ administrativ - (implied restrictii legislative asupra unor norme de con-sum, norme sanitare etc. m scopiil mdepartdrii producalorilor straini} administrative protectionism ~ nontarifar - (aplicat prin mdsuri de contingentare a importurilor, mterii-cerea totald a importurilor pe o pe-rioadd de timp, formalitdti descuraja-toare de import) nontanff protectionism ~ tarifar - (care constd in aplicarea de taxe vamale asupra produselor impor-tate) tariff protectionism protectionist adj. protective s.m. {adept al protectionismului) protectionist proteja v.t. to protect; (a sprijini) to support; (o Industrie, un sector economic) to safeguard protest s.n. 1. protest 2. (cambiaH protest ~ de munca - industrial action ~ pentru neacceptare - (a unei cambii) protest for nonacceptance ~ pentru neplata - (a unei cambii) protest for nonpayment ~ social - (cu ocuparea unui local, a unui spatiu} sit-in

PRO-PUN 283 protesta v.i. (impotriva) to protest (against) v.t. (o cambie) to protest ~ o cambie - to protest a bill of exchange, to make protest of a bill of exchange ~ o cambie prin intermediar - to have a bill protested prototip s. n. prototype provizie s.f. provision, store, supply provizii nevamuite - {ale unei nave) bonded stores a face ~ - to get in provisions provizion s.n. provision ~ pentru credite neperformante -bad loan provision ~ pentru pierderi din credite - loan loss provision provizoriu adj. provisional, temporary prudenta s.f. {concept de baza conform cdi-uia cdnd doud valori sunt posibile trebuie sd se retina cea mai scdzuta) (cont.) prudence psihografie s.f. psychographics psihologie s.f. psychology psihologia muncii/industriala -occupational psychology psihotehnica s.f. industrial psychology public adj. public; {de stat} public. state... s.n. public; {aiidienta) audience ~ captiv - {obligat sd asculte material publicitar in timpiil receptiondrii iinor programe de radio si televiziune) captive audience publica v.t. to publish, to issue; (in monitorul oficial) to gazette publicatie s.f. publication; (periodicd) periodical; (revista) magazine ~ bihmara - fortnightly ~ de specialitate - specialized publication ~ de uz intern - restricted publication

~ informativa - digest publicitate s.f. publicity, advertising ~ combativa - combative advertising ~ comparativa - comparative advertising ~ comuna/colectiva - (colaborarea mai multor firme pentru a reduce cheltuielile in acest sector) cooperative advertising ~ distrugatoare - (text publicitar care criticd un produs concurenf) knocking copy ~ etica - ethical advertising ~ industrials - business-to-business advertising ~ informativa - informative advertising ~ institution ala - {a unei firme, menitd sd sporeascd prestigiul acesteia) institutional advertising ~ murala/pe fatada cladirilor - mural/wall advertising ~ nationals - national advertising ~ persuasiva - persuasive advertising ~ primara - (reclamd pentru tin produs, fdrd precizarea marcii) primary advertising ~ prin postere - poster advertising

promotionala - promotional advertising - subliminala - subliminal advertising punct s.n. 1. point 2. (articol, paragraj) item; {de pe ordinea de zi) item 3. (/oc) point, place, post, spot ~ comercial - trading post ~ critic al rentabilitatii - breakeven point ~ de atractie turistica - sightseeing spot, showplace ~ de aur la import - (fin.) import gold/specie point

284 PUN-PUT ~ de baza - (o sutime dintr-un punct procentual) basis point ~ de impunere - (cdnd trebuie achitatd TVA) tax point ~ de interventie/sustinere - (cand banca centrala intervine pentru sustinerea cursiilui) support point ~ de livrare - delivery point ~ electronic de vanzare -- electronic point of sale ~ in litigiu - (dr.) issue -- litigios de drept - (dr.) issue of law ~ litigios de fapt - (dr.) issue of fact ~ pana !a care se poate obtine capital - (in mod rentabil) capital cut-off point ~ periculos - (sub care reduccrea tarifelor v.umale la import prejudiciazd economia nationals) peril point ~ vamal - customs house puncte de aur - (limitele nitre care oscileazd rata de schimb a doud volute cu ctalon-aur, in condltiile circulatiei libere a aiirulni mtre tdri) {fin.) gold/specie points

~ in discutie - points at issue ~ pe ordinea de zi - items on the agenda punctaj s.n. scoring ~ de bonitate - credit scoring purtator s.m. bearer ~ de cuvant - spokesman putere .s'./ 1. power 2. authority ~ de cumparare ~ purchasing/buying spending power ~ de cumparare a banilor - money purchasing power - de monopol - monopoly power ~ discretionara de cumparare - discretionary spending power ~ executiva - executive authority ~ fiscala - (la autovehicule) taxable horsepower ~ limitata dc decizie - limited discretion ~ retroactiva — (efect retroaciiv al unei legi) retroaction

R rabat s.n. rebate, discount, allowance, reduction (in price) ~ comercial - trade discount ~ comercial pentru plata in numerar - cash discount ~ de sfar§it de an - end-year rebate ~ global — (acordat de furnizor detailistului m unumite conditii) (corn.) aggregate rebate ~ la cantitate - quantity discount/ rebate, volume discount/rebate ~ la greutate - weight allowance ~ la navlu - freight rebate radia v.t. 1. (a sterge) to erase; (de pe o listd, dintr-nn registru) to strike off, to cross off, to remove 2. (o datorie, o ipotecd) to cancel, to discharge ~ din barou - to disbar radiat adj. {din registrul de comert) defunct rafina v.t. to refine rafinarie s.f. refinery ~ de petrol - petroleum/oil refinery raid s.n. raid raidul din zori - (cumpdrarea neanuntatd a unui packet mare de actiuni in primele momente ale deschiderii bursei pentru a evita cresterea cursului acestora) (bur.) dawn raid raion s.n. \. district 2. (intr-un magazin) department ~ de solduri - bargain basement/counter ~ de vanzare angro - (la un mare magazin) contract department

ramburs s.n. 1. (rambursare) reimbursement, repayment 2. (plata) payment rambursa v.t. to reimburse, to repay, to pay back, to refund; (cheltuieli) to defray; (a amortiza) to redeem rambursabil adj. reimbursable, repayable; defrayable; (amortizabil) redeemable rambursare s,f. reimbursement, repayment, refunding; (a chelluielilor) defrayal, defrayment; (amortizare) redemption ~ a unui impozit - tax refunding - integrala 5a scadenta - (intr-o singurd transd) bullet repayment ~ in avans - advance repayment ~ neconforma cu termenii contractual! - (a unui credit) slow pay and unsatisfactory account ramificare s.f. branching ~ limitata - (legi care limiteazd mfiintarea sucursalelor bancare) (SUA) limited branching rampa s.f. stage; ramp; platform ~ de acces - approach ramp ~ de descarcare - unloading ramp/stage; (de debarcare) landing ramp/stage ~ de incarcare - loading ramp/stage ramura s.f. branch ~ de afaceri - line of branch ~ economica - economic branch ~ industriala - industrial branch, industry randament s.n. output, outturn; efficiency; return; (fin.) yield

286 RAN-RAP ~ al activelor - (raportui dintre vdnzdrile unei societati si activele ei) (fin.) asset turnover ~ al actiunilor - return on shares ~ al capitalului - return on capital, efficiency of capital ~ al castigului de capital - capital gains yield ~ al dividendelor — (raportui dintre dividendul actual si pretui actual al unei actiuni) dividend yield ~ al investitiei - yield on investment ~ al pretului de cost - cost efficiency ~ al profitului - (raportui dintre profitui net distribuibil si valoarea totald a actiunilor comune la cursul pietei) earnings yield ~ al unei obligatiuni - bond yield ~ al unui titlu de valoare - (pe perioada cat a fost delimit) holding period yield ~ anual - annual return; (al unui plasamenf) annual yield ~ brut - (fin.} gross yield ~ bun - (fin.) fair yield ~ curent - (calciilat prin raportarea dobdnzii anuale a unui titlu de valoare la pretui sdu curent pe piatd) current yield ~ de baza - (fin.) basic yield ~ economic - economic efficiency ~ efectiv - (fin.) effective yield ~ invariabil - (rata dobdnzii unui titlu de valoare cu dobdndd fixa) flat yield ~ marginal al capitalului - marginal efficiency of capital ~ marginal al investitiei - marginal efficiency of investment ~ maxim - peak efficiency ~ mediu - (fin.) average yield ~ net - (fin.) net yield

~ nominal - rated output ~ pana la maturitate - (rata dobdnzii obtinute la o obligatiune dacd este pdstratd pdnd la maturitate] maturity/redemption yield, yield to maturity ~ pana la revocare - (rata dobdnzii obtinute la o obligatiune dacd este retrasd inainte de maturitate) yield to call ~ total anualizat - annualized total return randamente de scara/dimensiune -(relatia dintre cresterea volumului productiei si a cantitdtii utilizate din factorii de productie combinati) returns to scale rang s.n. 1. rank, position, status 2. (pozitie in clasamentui ipotecilor la inscrierea unei ipoteci in registrul funciar) (order of) priority ~ ipotecar - mortgage priority raport s.n. 1. (relatie) relation, connection 2. (proportie) ratio 3. (dare de seamd) report, account, statement ~ al bugetului de stat - national accounts ~ al cenzorilor - auditors' report ~ al consiliului de administratie -directors' report ~ al presedintelui - (despre activitatea anuald a companiei) chairman's report ~ anual/final - (privind activitatea unei societati) annual report, final accounts ~ beneficiu - cost - (indicele de profilabilitate'} benefit - cost ratio ~ bimetalic - (in situatia in care exisld in circniatie monedd bimetalicu) (fin) mint ratio

RAP-RAT 287 ~ condensat/comprimat - condensed report ~ confidential - confidential report ~ de activitate - work report ~ de afaceri - situation report ~ de audit - audit report ~ de audit cu rezerve/mentiuni - qualified audit report ~ de avarie - (asig.) damage report ~ de avariere/deteriorare a marfurilor - cargo damage report ~ de cheltuieli - statement of expenses ~ de conversie - {numdnil de actiuni comune care poate fi obtinut prin conversia unei actiuni preferentiale sail a unei obligatiuni convertibile) conversion ratio ~ de credit - credit report ~ de evaluare - appraisal report ~ de expertiza - survey report ~ de lichiditate — (raport periodic al unei band, prin care dovede^te acoperirea pasivului de cdtre disponibilitdtl) liquidity statement ~ de schimb - (raportui dintre indicele pretului mediu de export ?i indicele mediu de import, pe mtreaga activitate de corner! exterior) terms of trade ~ de troc - swapping terms ~ despre clientii care au depa$it scadentele - delinquent activity report ~ dintre cheltuielile si profitui de exploatare - operating ratio ~ dintre depozite §i credite - lending ratio ~ financiar - (raportui anual al consiliului de administratie) financial statement ~ intocmit la sfar§itul zilei - end-of- -day report

raportui capital propriu - active fixe - equity-to-fixed assets ratio ~ datorie - capital propriu - debt- -equity ratio "•• investitie - productie - capital- -output ratio ~ valoare de piata - valoare contabila - (yaloarea de piata a actiunii impdrtitd la valoarea contabild pe actiune) market-to-book ratio raporturi de afaceri - business connections/intercourse/relationship ~ juridice - legal relationship a trece in raport - to enter on the record • -t n + raportor s.m. rapporteurs--^'' TTey

rata s.f. 1. instalment^, rate; ratio ~ a absenteismului - {numdriil de absent! la suta de muncitori intr-o zi de nwncd; procentajul zilelor de muncd pierdute din totalul zilelor lucrdtoare pe o anumitd perioadd) absenteeism rate ~ a cheltuielilor - (raportui dintre cheltuieli §i volumul vdnzdrilor/ profitului) (asig., corn.) expense ratio ~ a circulatiei marfurilor - (raportui dintre vdnzdrile totale ale uneifirmepe o perioadd determinatd de timp §i valoarea activelor fixe) (cont.) turnover ratio ~ a cre^terii - growth rate; (fortei de muncd, exprimatd ca procent al niimdrului mediu de muncitori intr-o perioadd determinatd de timp) accession rate ~ a cupoaului - (rala specificatd a dolxinzii unei obligatiuni) coupon rate ~ a dobanzii - interest rate, rate of interest

288 RAT-RAT ~ a dobanzii de baza - prime (lending) rate ~ a dobanzii efective - effective (interest) rate ~ a dobanzii la creditele bancare - bank lending rate ~ a dobanzii la cumparare pe piata interbancara - interbank market bid rate ~ a dobanzii la depozite - deposit interest rate ~ a dobanzii la vanzare, oferita pe piata interbancara — interbank market offered rate ~ a dobanzii obligatiunii - bond rate ~ a dobanzii pe piata de capital - capital market interest rate ~ a dobanzii variabile - floating interest rate ~ a economiilor — (din venitid personal disponibil) savings ratio ~ a frecventei accidentelor - (la un milion de ore-muncd mtr-un an) accident frequency rate ~ a investitiei - (efortid national de investitie in raport de bogdtiile produse) investment rate ~ a lichiditatii curente - (raportui dintre pasivele curente ale unei afaceri s:i activele sale curente) (fin.) current ratio ~ a lichiditatii monetare - (raportui dintre nivelul mediu anual al masei monetare si voliimul tranzactiilor economice mijiocite de monedd) cash liquidity rate ~ a managerilor - (la 1000 de Siicrdtori) management ratio ~ a mortalitatii - death rate ~ a pierderilor ~ (raportui dintre primele incasate si despdguhiiile

platite de o societate de asigurdri) loss ratio ~ a plusvalorii - rate of surplus value ~ a profitului - rate of profit, profit rate ~ a proprietatilor nemchiriate - (pe piata imobiliard) vacancy rate ~ a puterii de ca§tig - (care indicd puterea activelor unei societdti de a genera venit din exploatare) basic earning power ratio ~ a rentabilitatii - (rata interim a rentabilitdtii unei investitii) rate of return ~ a substitutiei tehnice - (mdrirea productiei prin fabricarea unui articol in load altuid) rate of technical substitution ~ a §omajului - unemployment rate ~ a testului acid - (raportui active lichide - pasive curente folosit pentrii determinarea solvabilitdtii unei firme) (fin.) acid test ratio, quick asset ratio ~ contabila a profitului - accounting rate of return ~ de asigurare Tmpotriva riscurilor - (bur., fin.) hedge ratio ~ de capital - (raportui dintre capitaliil plus rezervele unei band si activele sale totale) capital ratio ~ de capitalizare - (rata la care piata bursierd capitalizeazd cdstigurile curente ale unei societal! comerciale pe actiuni) (bur.) capitalization rate ~ de concentrare - (care aratd procentui in care un sector industrial este dominat de cdteva mart societdti sou mdsura conciirentei pe pietele bancare) concentration ratio ~ de conversie - (mimariil de actiuni coniune care poate fi ohtiniit prin

RAT-RAT 289 conversia unei actiuni preferentiale sail a unei obligatiuni convertibile) conversion rate ~ de crestere economica - economic growth rate ~ de impozitare/impunere fiscala - rate of taxation, tax rate ~ de tndatorare - (totalul datoriilor impdrtit la totalul activelor unei societati) (fin.) debt ratio ~ de lichiditate - (raportui dintre rezerva monetard a unei band si obligatiile totale fata de depozitele clientilor) cash (-deposit) ratio ~ de navlu necartelat - {mar.) nonconference rate ~ de participare - (relalie care pune in evidentd, in pasivul bilantului unei societati, parted capitaliirilor proprii si cea a capitalurilor imprumutate) (cont.) participation rate ~ de plata a dividendelor - (procentiil din profit platit sub forma de dividende) dividend payout ratio ~ de recuperare a investitiei in capitalul uman - human capital rate of return ~ de retentie - (partea profituliii nerepartizat din totalul profitului companiei) retention ratio ~ de rezerva - (raportui dintre rezer\'a monetard a unei band si obligatiile totale fata de depozitele clientilor) (fin.) reserve ratio ~ de schimb - exchange rate, rate of exchange; (intr-o fuziune, numdrul de actiuni pe care societatea achizitoare trebuie sd Ie dea pentru fiecare actiune a firmei-tintd) exchange ratio

~ de scont - (procent retinut de banca care sconteazd efectele de comert) discount rate ~ dividend - pret - (de piatd al unei actiuni) dividend - price ratio ~ efectiva a dobanzii - effective rate of interest ~ fara rise - (rentabilitatea unei investitii lipsite de rise) (fin.) risk-free rate ~ fixa de schimb - fixed exchange rate ~ flexibila de schimb - floating exchange rate ~ interna a rentabilitatii - (rentabilitatea unei investitii exprimatd ca profit anual procentual raportat la investitia initiala) internal rate of return ~ istorica a rentabilitatii - (fin.) historical rate of return ~ legala a dobanzii - legal interest rate ~ lombarda - (rata dobanzii pe care banca centrald o acordd bdndlor comerciale pe baza amanetdrii de titluri de valoare) lombard rate ~ medie a dobanzii - average interest rate ~ minima a dobanzii - (pentru creditele acordate de banca centrald) minimum lending rate; (care poate fi perceputd pentru un credit) rate floor ~ naturala a somajului - natural unemployment rate ~ neoficiala/paralela de schimb - parallel rate of exchange ~ neoficiala de scont - private rate of discount ~ nominala a dobanzii - nominal interest rate ~ -pivot - (paritatea unei monede legate de Sistemul Monetar European, in raport cu ECU) central rate

290 RAT-REA ~ procentuala anuala - annual percentage rate ~ procentuala anualizata - annualized percentage rate ~ reala a dobanzii - real rate of interest ratifica v.t. to ratify; to approve, to confirm rating s.n. (formularea unei calificdri pe mdsura posibilului rise de nerambursare — partiald sau totald — asumat de investitorul care a realizat plasamente in titluri financiare) (fin.) rating ~ de tara - country rating ratie s.f. ration, allowance ~ redusa - short ration/allowance ~ zilnica - daily ration/allowance rationaliza v.t. to rationalize, to allowance rascoala s.f. (revoltd) riot rascoale §i razboaie civile - {asig. mar.) riots and civil commotions rascumpara v.t. to redeem; (a cumpdra ceva vdndut) to buy back, to repurchase; (la licitatie) to buy in; (o politd de asigurare) to surrender rascumparare s.f. redemption; buyback, repurchase; (a unei polite de asigurare) surrender ~ a ipotecii - redemption of mortgage ~ de actiuni - (de cdtre o societate care le-a vdndut anterior) share repurchase/buyback ~ de creante - (de cdtre debitor) debt buyback ~ de obligatiuni - bond redemption raspundere s.f responsibility; liability ~ conditionata/secundara - (asig.) secondary liability ~ individuala - (dr.) several liability

~ integrals - total liability ~ limitata - (la o siimd fixd stabilitd) limited/restricted liability ~ nelimitata - (la capitalul investit) unlimited liability ~ pentru calitatea produsului - (prevdzutd de legislatia pentru prbtectia consumatorului) product liability ~ principala - primary liability ~ solidara §i individuala - (dr.) joint and several liability ~ unica - (in caz de coliziune) (asig. mar.) single liability raspunderi reciproce - (ale armatorilor in caz de coliziune) cross liabilities raspunzator adj. (pentru) responsible (for), answerable/accountable (for); liable (for) rau adj. bad ~ platnic - bad payer razbois.n. war ~ al preturilor - price war ~ comercial - trade war ~ economic - economic war ~ tarifar/vamal - tariff/rate war reactie s.f. reaction ~ de cedare/plecare - (cauzatd de stresul la locul de muncd si manifestatd prin lipsd de interes, solicitare de concedii etc.) (man.) flight reaction ~ de rezistenta/lupta - (cauzatd de stresul la locul de muncd si manifestatd prin combativitate, contraargumente etc.) {man.) fight reaction real adj. real; actual, effective ~ $i valabil - (despre cecuri) genuine and valid

REA-REC 291 realiza v.t. to achieve, to carry out/through; (un profit) to realize; (o obligatie, tin contract) to fulfil ~ beneficii normale - to make fair profits ~ un beneficiu dintr-o tranzactie - to cash in on a deal ~ un beneficiu net de - to clear realizabil adj. feasible, possible; (despre un plan) workable realizare s.f. 1. carrying out/through; (a unui profit, a unui plan etc.) realization; (a unei obligatii, a unui contract) fulfilment 2. (lucru realizat) achievement reambala v.t. to repack reangaja v.t. (personal) to restaff reaproviziona v.t. to replenish; {un magazin) to restock reasigura v.t. to reinsure reasigurare s.f. reinsurance ~ facultativa - facultative reinsurance reasigurator.s\w. reinsurer rebut s.n. (factory) reject, spoilage, waste (product), scrap; (despre mdrfuri) rubbish goods rebuta v.t. to reject, to scrap, to throw away recalificare s.f. (profesionala) retraining ~ profesionala - job retraining, vocational rehabilitation/retraining recapitaliza v.t. to recapitalize recensamant^.n. census ~ al populatiei - population census recenzor s.m. census taker receptie s.f. 1. (a mdrfurilor) taking ôver/delivery (of goods) 2. (de cdtre un inspector) acceptance 3. (la hotel) reception desk

receptiona v.t. (marfa) to take delivery, to check and sign for receptionare s.f. reception ~ a marfii - cargo reception, taking over/delivery of goods receptioner s.m. 1. receiver (of goods) 2. (la hotel) reception (desk) clerk ~ de comenzi - order clerk recesiune s.f. recession ~ economics - economic recession rechizitiona v.t. to requisition recicia v.t. to recycle recipisa s.f. receipt, voucher ~ de antrepozitare - dock warrant, warehouse receipt ~ de bagaje - baggage check ~ de depozitare pe chei - wharfinger's receipt/warrant ~ de depunere - (de titluri la o bancd depozitard) deposit receipt ~ de expeditie/transport - delivery receipt ~ de livrare - delivery receipt ~ de livrare neta - clean receipt ~ de primire a marfii - receipt for goods ~ postala - postal/post-office receipt ~ vamala - customs warrant ~ - warant - (deposit) warrant, warehouse warrant reciproc adj. reciprocal, mutual reclama v. t. 1. (a face o cerere/petitie pentru; a solicita) to lay claim to, to put in a claim for; (a cere, a solicita, a pretinde) to claim; (plata unei taxe etc.) to exact 2. (a necesita) to require, to necessitate 3. (pe cinevd) to denounce; (mjudecatd) to sue at law reclamant s.m. claimant, claim er; (dr.) plaintiff, petitioner

292 REC-REC reclamatie s.f. 1. complaint, objection, protest; request; (dr.) claim 2. (impotriva cuivd) denunciation ~ justificata -justified complaint ~ pentru daune-interese - claim for damages ~ ulterioara - subsequent claim reclama s.f. 1. (]niblicitate) advertising, publicity; (anunt publicitar) advertisement, commercial 2. (firmd) sign ~ atragatoare/captivanta - catchy advertisement ~ iluminata - illuminated sign - infbrmativa - informative advertising ~ ingenioasa - publicity stunt ~ pe doua pagini de ziar - double- -page spread ~ pe exteriorul mijioacelor de transport - travelling display ~ pe pancarte - (care se prind in fata si in spatele omului care Ie poartd) sandwich board ~ pe prima pagina - (a unui ziar) front-page advertisement ~ pentru promovarea unui produs - promotion ~ primara - (fard specificarea mdrcii) primary advertising ~ prin posta - direct mail

subliminala - subliminal advertisement ~ zgomotoasa - boom recolta v.t. to harvest, to crop, to gather/to get in recolta s.f. harvest, crop(s); (la hectar) yield ~ bogata - rich/heavy/bumper crop

~ de subzistenta - (care nil este destinata comercializdrii) subsistence crop ~ destinata vanzarii - (, si nu consumului personal) cash crop ~- nesecerata/in lan - standing crop. crop on the root, on-the-root harvest/yield ~ proasta - failure of the crop recomandare s.f. recommendation; testimonial, character, comfort rccompensa v.t. to recompense, to reward, to requite recompensa s.f. reward, recompense, requital reconditiona v.t. to recondition, to renew reconversie s.f. (adaptarea uaor indnstrn sau a unor sectoare industriale la necesitdti noi; recalificarea fortei de miincd) reconversion record s.n. record; (de productie) peak output recruta v. /\ (personal) to recruit recrutare s.f. (de personal) recruitment ~ de absolventi - (politico de recrutare a fortei de munca) (man.) graduate recruitment ~ de personal - staff recruitment rectifica v.t. (bugetui etc.) to rectify; (a corecta) to correct, to set right, to righten; (un cont) to adjust, to amend recunoastere s.f. acknowledgement ~ a datoriei — (confirmare in scris de cdtre un debitor a sumei pe care o datoreaza) acknowledgement of debt, borrower's note recupera v.t. to recover; to retrieve; to regain; (a rascumpara) to redeem ~ daunele - to recover the damages ~ o datorie - to recover a debt

REC-RED 293 recuperabil adj. recoverable; retrievable; redeemable recuperare s.f. recovery; retrieve, retrieval; regain; {rdscumpdrare) redemption ~ a bunurilor tinute sub sechestru - {dr.) replevin ~ a cheltuiclilor - recovery of expenses ~ a datoriilor - debt recover) ~ a datoriiior prescrise - bad debt recovery ~ a daunelor - recovery of damages ~ a de$eurilor - waste recovery recurs s.n. 1. {dr.) appeal 2. {regres, sitiiatie apdrutd in caziil cle protest al cambiilor, cund detindtorul unui efect de comert se adreseazd tuturor persoanelor solidar respo/isabile clacd trasul nu-ji respectd obligatiile) recourse ~ in anulare - {dr.) action for cancellation ~ in revizuire - {dr.) petition for review redacts v.t. to draw up. to draft, to word, to work out; {un contract) to make out redactor s.m. {de carte sau la un ziar) editor; {de reclame, anuntwi) copywriter ~ economic - {al unui ziar) city editor ~ responsabil cu reportajele locale - {SUA) city editor ~ -sef/responsabil - (de ziar) editor-in- -chief, chietymanaging editor redactie s.f. 1. {coleciiv de redacfie) editorial staff; {sediu) editorial office 2. (redactare) editorship redactional adj. editorial

redeventa s.f. {suma de bani pidtitd periodic de cdtre persoane care au lual in concesiune mine, terenuri etc. sau au contractat licente prin know-how) royalty redhibitoriu adj. redhibitory redhibitiune s.f. {anulare a unei vdnzdri cdnd obiectui vdndut are un viciii) (dr.) redhibition redistribui v.t. to redistribute redistribuire s.f. redistribution ~ a veniturilor - income redistribution redobandi v.t. to regain, to recover, to get back redresa v.r. {economic) to recover; {f'manciar) to recuperate, to turn oneself about redresare s.f. recovery ~ a afacerilor - business recovery ~ a pietei - recovery of the market ~ comerciala - trade recovery ~ economics - economic recovery reduce v.t. to reduce; (a mic§ora) to decrease, to diminish, to lessen; {chel-tiiieli') to curtail, to cut down, to retrench; {preturi) to lower, to send down, to scale down, to knock down/ off; {taxe, impOzite etc.) to abate; {activitatea unei intreprinderi ca md-surd premergdtoare mchiderii ei) to run down v.r. to decrease, to diminish, to lessen; {despre valoarea actiunilor) {bur.) to ease off/up ~ drastic - {cheltuieli, bugete) to ax(e); (prefuri) to slash ~ putin - (prefuri) to shade reducere s.f. reduction; {micsorare) decrease, diminution, lessening; {de cheltuieli) curtailment, cutting down, retrenchment; {de preturi) cut, lowering, reduction; {de taxe, impozite)

294 RED-REE abatement, relief, allowance; (rabat comercial) discount, rebate, drawback; (a activitdtii unei intreprinderi ca mdsurd premergdtoare inchiderii ei) running down ~ a gamei de produse - {fabricate sail comer cializate) variety reduction ~ a impozitelor - tax reduction/relief ~ a impozitelor pentru veniturile mici - small income relief ~ a impozitului pe profitui obtinut la export - export-tax relief ~ a masei monetare - contraction of money supply ~ a navlului - rebate of freight ~ a preturilor - price reduction/cut, reduction in/of the prices ~ a tarei - tare allowance ~ a zilei de munca - shorter hours ~ de capital - (diminuarea capitalului in actiuni al unei societal!) capital reduction; (sub nivelul statutar sau sub eel prevdzut de autoritdti} capital impairment ~ de personal - staff reduction ~ drastica - (de cheltideli, bugete) ax(e); (de preturi) slash ~ fiscala pentru amortizare - depreciation allowance ~ generala - (a preturilor, a salariilor etc. impusd de guvern) rollback ~ liniara/orizontala a taxelor vamale - (reducerea cu acelasi procent a tuturor taxelor vamale ale tdrilor participante la o rundd de negocieri comerciale) linear/horizontal reduction of tariffs, across-the-board tariff reduction ~ mica/nesemnificativa a preturilor - price shading

~ pentru plata in numerar - discount for cash ~ prin amortizare - (a impozitelor) (cont) writing-down allowance reduceri ale impozitului pe venit - income tax allowances ~ compensatorii ale taxelor vamale - compensatory tariff reductions ~ contractuale de pret pentru parcul de autovehicule - (dacd acestea sunt cumpdrate de la o singurd firma) fleet terms ~ cumulate - (acordate de angrosist detailistidui in anumite conditii) (corn,) deferred rebates

fiscale pentru investitii -(inlocuirea mijioacelor fixe uzate) investment allowance ~ fiscale pentru varsta - age relief/allowance ~ salariale - wage cuts ~ uzuale de navlu - {mar.) full terms redus adj. reduced; (despre preturi, tarife) low; (despre venituri, beneficii) poor; (insufficient) scanty reedita v.t. to reissue, to republish; (a retipdri) to reprint reescont^.n. rediscount reesconta v. t. to rediscount reesalona v.t. to reschedule reesalonare s.f. rescheduling ~ a datoriei - debt rescheduling reevalua v.t. to revalue, to reappraise, to reassess reevaluare s.f. revaluation, reappraisal, reassessment ~ a activelor - revaluation of assets reexport s.n. reexport; entrepot trade reexporta v.t. to reexport reexportator^.m. reexporter

REF-REG 295 reface v.t. to remake; to restore; (un stoc de marfuri) to restock referinta s.f. reference; (despre cineva) character ~ a bancii - bank/banker's reference referinte comerciale - trade references refinanta v.t. to refinance reflatie s.f. (fin.) reflation reforma v.t. to reform; {a imbundtdti) to improve; (a innoi) to renew reforma s.f. reform ~ a taxelor vamale - tariff reform ~ agrara - agrarian/land reform ~ economica - economic reform ~ fiscala - tax reform ~ monetara - monetary/currency reform refuz s.n. refusal; (de a mdeplini o obligatie contractuald etc.) repudiation ~ nejustificat de onorare - (a unui cec, a unei cambii) wrongful dishonour refuza v.t. to refuse; (a respinge) to reject; (o ofertd) to turn down, to decline; (indeplinirea unei obligatii contractuale, plata unei datorii etc.) to repudiate regie s.f. administration; control ~ autonoma - public corporation regim s.n. 1. (social, politic, vamal etc.) regime, system; (forma de gu- verndmdnt) government 2. {regulament) regulation 3. {de operare al unui utilaj, al unei masini) (normal) run/running ~ al schimbului valutar - foreign exchange regulations ~ de administrare judiciara - (institut cand o firmd nu-si mai poate mdeplini obligatiile financiare) receivership ~ de lucru/operare - (al unui utilaj, al unei masini) (normal) run/running

~ de proprietate particulars - private ownership ~ tarifar - tariff system ~ vamal - customs regime registratura s.f. registry, register/ registration/record office registru s.n. 1. register, record, book; {contabil) (account) book 2. (societate de clasificare) (mar.) classification society, registry of shipping, ship's register ~ al actionarilor - register of members, shareholders' register ~ al arendasilor sau al veniturilor din arenzi - rent-roll, rental ~ contabil - (account) book ~ cu copii de acte/documente - copybook ~ de achizitii - purchases book/journal ~ de afaceri/tranzactii - bargain book ~ de cadastru - property register ~ de cambii - bill book ~ de casa - cash book/journal, cash paid/received book ~ de casa cu coloane - columnar cash book ~ de cecuri - check register ~ de cheltuieli marunte - (ale unei firme) petty cash book ~ de comenzi - order book ~ de comert - register of companies, trade register ~ de evidenta a francarii - postage book ~ de evidenta a marfurilor mcarcate - cargo book ~ de inventar - inventory book ~ de livrare - delivery book ~ de magazie - (marfuri in depozit) stock book

296 REG-REG ~ de marfa - (luatd pe credit) passbook ~ de marfuri returnate/refuzate -(cont.) sales returns book, returns inwards book ~ de partizi - (cont.) ledger ~ de procese-verbale - minute book ~ de reclamatii - claims/complaint book ~ de sarcini si ipoteci - register of mortgages ~ de semnaturi autorizate - signature book ~ de solduri - balance book ~ de transfer - (al actiunilor) transfer register ~ de vanzari - sales book ~ de venituri si cheltuieli - books of receipts and expenditures ~ diverse - (cont.) sundries ledger ~ naval/maritim - classification society, registry of shipping, maritime/ship's register ~ portuar de evidenta a marfurilor incarcate - port shipping register ~ tabular - tabular book ~ temporar - (de tranzactii) waste book regiune s.f. region; area, zone, district ~ aurifera - gold field ~ centrala - inland ~ industrial^ - industrial area ~ inundabila - flood land ~ impadurita - forestry ~ viticola - wine district reglementa v.t. to regulate, to regularize, to bring under regulation, to control; to settle reglementar adj. regular; statutory reglementare s.f. regulation, control; settlement

~ a chiriilor - rent control ~ a diferendului/litigiului - settlement of dispute ~ a monopolurilor - regulation of monopoly ~ a pietei - regulation of the market ~ a preturilor - price regulation ~ a schimbului valutar - exchange control regres s. n. (situatie apdrntd in cazul de protest al cambiilor, cdnd detindtomi unui efect de comert se adreseazd tuturor persoanelor solidar respon- sabile dacd trasul nu-si respectd obligatiile) recourse regulament s.n. regulations, statute ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) general average adjustment/statement ~ de ordine interioara - internal regulations ~ de serviciu - service regulations ~ intern de function are - (a I unei intreprinderi) service instructions ~ portuar - port/harbour regulations ~ strict - severe/strict regulations ~ vamal - customs regulations regulamente tehnice - (care stipuleazd caracteristicile produselor sau a proceselor de fabricatie, regulile de ambalare si etichetare, prevederile administrative ce trebuie aplicate, terminologia si abrevierile standard etc.) technical regulations regula s.f. rule ~ aritmetica pentru calcularea tarei - tare and tret reguli de calculare a tarei - taring regulations ~ de calculare a tonajului - (mar.) tonnage regulations

REI-REM 297 reimpune v.t. (a reimpozita) to reassess reimpunere s.f. (reimpozitare) reassessment reintegra v.t. (a repune in drepturi, a reintegrd) to reinstate; (intr-o functie anterioara) to restore smb. (to his position/post/office) reintegrare s.f. (repunere in drepturi, reintegrare) reinstatement; (intr-o functie anterioara) restoration reintrare s.f. (in posesie/drepturi) reentry ~ in posesie — (prin bund intelegere) (dr.) recaption ~ in vigoare - (a unei legi) revival reinvesti v.t. to reinvest ~ profitui - to plough back reipotecare s.f. second mortgage remnoi v.t. (un contract, un abonament etc.) to renew retnscrie v.t. (un articol intr-un cont) (cont.) to reenter relansare s.f. revival, recovery ~ economica - economic recovery ~ economica bazata pe cerere -recovery based on demand side ~ economica bazata pe oferta -recovery based on supply side relata v.t. to state, to report; (stiri, evenimente; despre ziaristi) to cover relatie s.f. 1. relation; relationship; (legdtura) connection; {contact) contact 2. pi. relations, intercourse, dealings; (cunostinte) acquaintance ~ directa/personala - direct contact relatii comerciale - trade relations, commercial intercourse ~ contractuale directe - privity of contract ~ cu clientii - customer relations

~ cu investitorii - investor relations ~ cu publicul/publice - public relations ~ cu salariatii - employee relations ~ de afaceri - business relations ~ de munca - (mtre patronat si salariati sail sindicate) labour/ industrial relations ~ de productie - relations of production, productive relations ~ diplomatice - diplomatic relations ~ economice - economic relations

economice Internationale -international economic relations ~ juridice - privity

monetare internationale -international monetary relations relua v.t. to resume; to renew ~ lucrul - to resume work remite v.t. to deliver, to consign, to send, to hand over; (prin mandat postal) to remit; (documente) to surrender remitere s.f. delivery, consignment, sending, handing over; (prin mandat postal) remittance; (de documente) surrender ~ bancara - bank remittance remiza s.f. 1. (rabat, reducere) rebate, reduction, allowance 2. (comision) (bur., corn.) half commission remizier s.m. (bur., corn.) half--commission man remorca v.t. (ambarcatiuni) to haul, to tug, to tow; (masini) to trail, to tow; (c./) to draw, to pull remorcaj s.n. (de ambarcatiuni) haulage, hauling, towage, towing, tuggage; (de masini) trailing, towage, towing; (c.f.) drawing, pulling ~ costier - coastal towage

298 REM-REN ~ de avarie - emergency towage ~ fluvial - river towage ~ maritim - sea towage ~- oceanic — ocean towage ~ prin impingere - push-towing remorca s.f. (mar.') tow, vessel towed; (vehicul) trailer ~ basculanta - waggon ~ -cisterna - tank-trailer ~ de autocamion - truck trailer ~ pentru bu§teni lungi - timber carriage remorcher s.n. (mar.) tug, tugboat, towboat ~ costier - coastal tug ~ de andocare - dock-working tug ~ de canal - canal service tug ~ de halaj - warping tug ~ de impingere §i tractiune - push- -and-tow tug ~ de manevre portuare - dock/ harbour tug ~ de salvare - salvage/rescue tug ~ fluvial - river tug ~ -Tmpingator - push tug, pusher ~ maritim - sea(going) tug, deep-sea tug ~ oceanic - ocean (-going) tug remunera v. t. to remunerate remunerativ adj. 1. remunerative, remuneratory 2. (rentabil) profitable, gainful, rewarding remuneratie s.f. remuneration, pay, emolument, consideration renavlosi v.t. (mar.) to recharter renegocia v.t. to renegotiate renta v.;. to bring profit, to be profitable/remunerative/lucrative rentabil adj. profitable, gainful, remunerative, paying, moneymaking, rewarding, lucrative

rentabilitate s.f. profitableness. gainfulness; return; yield; earning power ~ a activelor - (raportui dintre profitui net si activul total) return on assets ~ a actiunilor - (calculate ca raportui dintre dividendele platite de firmd si pretui de piatd al actiunilor firmei) stock yield ~ a capitalurilor proprii - (profitui disponibil pentru actionari impdrtit la capitalurile proprii) return on (common) equity ~ a investitiei - return on investment a atinge pragul de ~ - to break even renta s.f. rent; (anuald) annuity; unearned income ~ anuala datorata - annuity due ~ de abilitate - (yenituri suplimentare pe care un individ Ie poate obfine ca urmare a aptitudinilor sale speciale) ability rent ~ de monopol - (forma a rentei inca-satd de intreprinzdtorii care dispun de factor! de productie rari, nesubsti-tuibili, inaccesibili altord) monopoly rent ~ de raritate - (renta. obtinutd in situatiile care provoacd un deficit de ofertd - monopolul natural sau artificial, reglementdri vamale si tarifare etc.) scarcity rent ~ diferentiala - {renta funciard suplimentard obtinutd pentru un teren mat fertil, mai bine amplasat etc.) situation rent ~ funciara - land/ground rent ~ m natura - rent in kind ~ nominala - peppercorn rent ~ viagera - life annuity

REN-REP 299 rentier s.m. rentier, fund holder; (beneficiar al unei rente anuale) annuitant renunta v.i. (la) to renounce; (la un drepf) to disclaim, to waive, to sign off; (a ceda, a cesiond) to surrender; (la o actiune judiciara) to abandon ~ la un drept - to waive a right renuntare s.f. renunciation; (la un drepf) disclaimer, waiver, remission; (cedare, cesionare) surrender; (la o actiune judiciara) abandonment ~ la dreptui de a protesta o cambie - waiver of demand, notice and protest ~ la o actiune judiciara - abandonment of action ~ la o cerere/pretentie - waiver of claim ~ la prime - (de asigurare) waiver of premium ~ tacita - implied waiver reorganiza v. t. to reorganize repara v.t. 1. to repair, to mend; (masini, aparate) to overhaul 2. (a rectified) to rectify; (a compensa) to make up for reparatie s.f. 1. repair; (generald, revizie) overhaul 2. (despdgiibire) compensation, indemnification; legal remedy ~ capitala/generala - (general) overhaul, turnover job ~ curenta/de intretinere - running repair/service, operating repair ~ preventiva - preventive repair ~ provizorie - temporary repair repartiza v.t. 1. to distribute, to divide, to share out; to allocate, to allot; to assign; (proportional) to apportion 2. (un rise) (asig., fin.) to spread 3.

(incdrcdtura sau balastui) (mar.) to trim repartizare s.f. 1. distribution, division, sharing out; allocation, allotment; assignment; (de fonduri) appropriation; (proportionals) apportionment 2. (a unui rise) (asig., fin.) spread 3. (a mcdrcdturii sau a balastului) (mar.) trim, trimming ~ a avariei - (asig. mar.) average adjustment ~ a cheltuielilor - distribution of expenses ~ a flotei pe linii de navigatie - shipping pattern ~ a greutatii - weight distribution ~ a profitului - allotment of profit ~ a responsabilitatilor - (man.) allocation of responsibilities ~ a resurselor - resource allocation ~ a valorii de asigurare - apportionment of valuation ~ a riscurilor - (rdspdndirea plasa- mentelor sau a creditelor cu scopul de a se obtine cea mai bund garantie contra riscurilor de capital sau de venit) (fin.) risk spread ~ detaliata a fondurilor - itemized appropriation of funds - funciara - allotment of property ~ judiciara a debitelor unui falit - adjudication of bankrupt's debts repatria v.t. (projitui, capitalurile investite) to repatriate report s.n. 1. (cont.) (trecerea unei sume - total, partial - din josul unei coloane in fruntea coloanei urmdtoare a unui registru) carry-forward/-over; (sumd reportata) amount brought/ carried forward 2. (la bursa de valori, amuharea achitarii iinei dator':i. Friii

300 REP-RES plata unei dobdnzi, pdnd la nrmd-toarea lichidare; la bursa de mdrfuri, diferenta dintre pretui spot si pretui forward sau futures) contango; continuation account ~ al articolelor in cartca mare - (cont.) posting reporta v.t. 1. (cor;/.) to carry forward/over; {in cartea mare) to post 2. (bur.) to continue reportaj s.n. coverage; (lilerar) reportage reporter s.m. reporter; correspondent; (care ia interviuri) interviewer; (care adreseazd intrebdri) questioner represalii s.f. pi. (economice, vamale etc.) reprisals, retaliation; retaliaiory measures, measures of retaliation a aplica - impotriva - to retaliate on represiv adj. (de represalii) retaliatory reprezenta v.t. (pe cinevd) to represent, to act for, to stand for reprezentant.y.w. representative agent ~ al fabricii furnizoare - serviceman ~ autorizat - authorized/appointed agent ~ comercial - sales agent/ representative, trade representative, salesman, business/commercial agent ~ diplomatic - resident minister ~ exclusiv/unic - (al unei companii intr-o anumitd zona) sole/exclusive agent ~ general - general agent ~ imputernicit legal - duly authorized representative reprezentanta s.f. agency, representation, representative office ~ comerciala - trade agency/ representation ~ exclusiva - sole agency

reprczentare s.f. representation ~ sindicala/a salariatilor - employee representation reproductie s.f. (reluarea continud a procesuli.ii de productie la scam economiei r,auonale\ reproduction ~ largita - enlarged reproduction - simpia - simple reproduction repune v.t. (in drepturi'} to reinstate, to restore; (//; activitate) to refloat ~ in activitate o companie - to refloat a company repunere s.f. restoring, restoration ~ in activitate - (a unei firme) refloating

m drepturi - reinstatement, restoration ~ in poscsie - reentry ~ in vigoare - (a unei legi) revival reputatie s.f. reputation ~ buna - good reputation ~ de solvabilitate • creditworthiness ~ rea - bad reputation respecta v.t. (leged) to abide by, to observe; (o clauza) to comply with, to keep to, to observe; (o obligatie, un angajamenf) to honour ~ conditiile contractuale - to comply with/to keep to contract terms a nu-§i ~ obligatiile - to fail to meet one's obligations respinge v.t. to repel, to repulse; (pretentii, cereri) to disallow; (o pro-punere, o oferta) to reject, to decline, to turn down; (un apel) to dismiss; (p obiectie, o propunere) to overrule; (o motiune) to vote down responsabil adj. (pentru) liable/ responsible/answerable/accountable (for) s.m. executive, official; manager ~ de zona - (de •.•anzdri) area manager

RES-RES 301 ~ ierarhic - line man ~ in mod solidar - (dr.) jointly and severally liable ~ sindical - trade-union leader/ organizer responsabilitate s.f. responsibility, accountability; liability ~ fiduciara — (a adminisirdrii unui fond depensii) fiduciary responsibility ~ functionala - (a specialistilor dintr-o mtrepriiidere) functional responsibility ~ limitata - limited liability ~ sociala - (a firmelor pentru echilibrul social} social responsibility rest s.n. 1. rest, remainder 2. (in bani) change restant adj. remaining, owing, outstanding, back; (deposit ca termen) overdue restanta s.f. backlog; (salariala) back pay; (arierate) arrears restante salariale - arrears of wages restitui v.t. to give/to hand back; (de bunuri, proprietati) to restore; (bani) to return, to refund restituire s.f. restitution; (de bunuri, proprietati) restoration; (de bani) return, refund, refunding ~ a bunurilor sechestrate - (dr.) replevin ~ a impozitului - tax refund ~ a primei de asigurare - return of premium ~ a taxelor vamale - customs drawback restrange v.t. to restrict, to limit; (a reduce) to reduce; (a micsora) to diminish; (a ingrddi) to restrain; (cheltuieli, afaceri etc.) to contract; (creditele) to tighten

restrangere s.f. restriction, limitation, stringency; reduction, diminution; (mgrddire, limitare) restraining; (a cheltuielilor, a afacerilor etc.) contraction; (a creditelor) tightening; (a unei afaceri prin vdnzarea sail inchirierea unor active) divestment ~ a afacerilor - business contraction ~ a creditului/posibilitatilor de creditare - stringency/tightening of credit ~ a dividendelor - dividend limitation/ restraint ~ a pietelor - decline of the markets

a schimburilor - exchange restriction restrans adj. restricted, limited; (despre piata financiara) stringent restrictiv adj. restrictive, limiting; (despre o clauzd) saving restrictie s.f. restriction, limitation, qualification; (mgrddire, restrangere) restraint, constraint ~ legala - legal constraint restrictii bugetare severe - ax(e) ~ calitative - qualitative restrictions ~ cantitative - quantitative restrictions ~ comerciale - trade restrictions, restraint of trade ~ de contingentare - quota restrictions ~ discriminatorii - discriminating/ discriminatory restrictions ~ la export - export restrictions ~ la import - import restrictions ~ salariale - wage restraints ~ valutare - exchange restrictions restructura v.t. to restructure, to reorganize resursa s.f. resource; pi. resources, means, ability

302 RES-REU resurse de materii prime - primary resources ~ economice - economic resources ~ financiare - resources, funds ~ hidroenergetice - water-power resources ~ naturale - natural resources ~ umane - human resources resedinta s.f. residence, abode, domicile; dwelling place retentie s.f. lien; (sechestru) distress, distraint retrage v.t. (depuneri, mdrfuri etc.) to withdraw; (o suma din fonduri, economii) to draw; (bani din circulate} to retire; {monede din circulatie pentru mtdrirea bancnotelor) to immobilize v.r. 1. (a se pensiona) to retire 2. (din afaceri, activitate) to retire, to draw back, to give up retragere s.f. 1. (de depuneri, de mdrfuri etc.) withdrawal; (o suma din fonduri, economii) drawing, draw; (bani din circulatie) retirement; (de monede din circulatie pentru mtdrirea bancnotelor) immobilization 2. (din activitate, afaceri) retirement ~ a actiunii - (injustitie) nonsuit ~ de numerar - cash withdrawal ~ masiva a depunerilor bancare - run on banks ~ temporara a unei licente - suspension of a licence retribui v.t. to remunerate, to pay retributie s.f. remuneration, pay ~ in functie de performante - performance-related pay retroactiv adj. retroactive a avea efect- - (despre legi) to retroact retroceda v. (. to reconvey, to recede, to retrocede

retrograda v.t. (un salariat din cauza rezultatelor nesatisfdcdtoare sau a comportamentului) to demote retrogradare s.f. demotion returna v.t. to send back returnabil adj. returnable retea s.f. (comerciald, de drumuri etc.) network; (feroviard, rutierd, electricd etc.) system; chain ~ comerciala - trading network ~ de alimentare cu apa - supply system/network ~ de calculatoare - computer network ~ de conducte - pipe system ~ de magazine - chain store ~ de sucursale - branch network ~ de sosele/drumuri - highway system ~ feroviara - railway system/network; (SUA) railroad system ~ rutiera - road network retine v.t. 1. to withhold, to deduct; (o suma) to keep back; (salariul etc.) to retain, to hold back, to withhold; (cotizatii sindicale din salariu) to check off 2. (locuri, bilete) to book; (o camera) to engage, to bespeak retinere s.f. withholding, deduction, retention ~ de salariu - (in cazul nerambursdrii unui credit) wage assignment ~ din salariu - (a cotizatiilor sindicale) checkoff; (pentru plata impozitelor, a asigurdrilor sociale etc.) deductions from pay; (conform legis- latiei in vigoare) statutory deduction reuniune s.f. reunion; (adunare) assembly, meeting reusi v.;'. (in) to succeed (in), to be successful (in) ~ in afaceri - to be successful in business

n r\'y ->03 REU-REZ

~ mtr-o tranzactie/afacere - to get the best of a bargain/deal a nu ~ in - to fail in reutila v.t. to retool, to re-equip revaloriza v.t. (moneda nationals in raport cu etalonul de referinta) to revalorize revanzare s.f. resale revendica v.t. to claim, to demand, to request; (drepturi) to assert revendicare s.f. claim, demand, request; (de drepturi) assertion revendicari salariale - wage claims revinde v.t. to resell, to sell again revista s.f. magazine, periodical; journal; (lunard) monthly; (bilunara) fortnightly; (sdptdmdnala) weekly; (mai ales de literaturd, stiintd etc.) review ~ a presei - press review ~ de anunturi/reclame - advertiser ~ de specialitate - specialized review ~ economics - trade journal ~ interna - (a unei firme) house magazine revizie s.f. 1. revision, examination; control; (tehnica) inspection, overhaul(ing) 2. (contabila) audit ~ contabila - audit ~ generala - (general) overhaul ~ tehnica - technical inspection/' revision, maintenance inspection reviior s.m. inspector; controller ~ contabil - auditor revizui v.t. 1. to control, to inspect; (tehnic) to overhaul 2. (cant.) to audit revoca v.t. 1. to revoke; (a anula) to repeal, to cancel 2. (a destitui) to dismiss; (tin ambasador din post) to recall revocabil adj. revocable, callable

revocare s.f. 1. revocation; (anulare) repeal, cancellation 2. (destituire) dismissal; (a unui ambasador din post) recall 3. (rambursarea unei emisiuni de obligatiuni sau actiuni preferentiale inainte de scadenta) call ~ a unui ordin de plata - stop payment revolutie s.f. revolution ~ industrials - industrial revolution ~ manageriala - (schimbare profundd a principiilor de management si conducere a firmelor de afaceri) managerial revolution ~ verde - (denumire data ansamblului de actiuni si mdsuri de ameliorare geneticd a semintelor pentru culturile de baza, in vederea mdririi productiei agricole in zonele si tarile cu deficit alimentar accentual) green revolution rezerva s.f. 1. reserve; stock, deposit 2. (fin.) reserve; (provizion) provision 3. (restrictie, conditie, clauzd limitativa) reserve, condition, qualification; stipulation ~ de aur - gold reserve ~ de capital - capital reserve, stock of capital; (a unei band) surplus reserve ~ de numerar - stock of cash ~ din reevaluare - (a activelor) (cont.) revaluation reserve ~ extraordinara - (a unei band) extraordinary reserve ~ generala - (pentru acoperirea necesarului de fond de rulment) general reserve ~ lichida - (disponibild pentru plasamente imediate) cash reserve ~ metalica - (fin.) (in lingouri) bullion reserve; (in monede si lingouri) coin and bullion

304 REZ-RID ~ pentru cheltuieli neprevazute - contingent reserve ~ valutara - reserve currency rezerve ale societatii - (constituite din profit) company reserves ~ ascunse/secrete - (delict de bilant care constd in denaturarea inregis- trdrilor contabile prin subevaluarea activelor) (cont.) hidden/inner/secret reserves ~ bancare - bank reserves ~ bugetare - budget reserves ~ excedentare - {ale unei band) excess reserves ~ facultative — {rezerve de capital a cdror constitute mi este obligatorie) voluntary reserves ~ in numerar - vault cash ~ legale - (yaloarea minima a lichi- ditdtii pe care o bancd este obligatd prin lege sd o detina) legal/statutory reserves ~ minime obligatorii - {ale unei band) minimum reserve requirements ~ pentru credite neperformante - bad debts reserves ~ primare - {rezerve bancare care asigurd lichiditdti imediate, dar nu genereazd venituri) primary reserves ~ proprii — {rezervele bancare minus cantitatea imprumutatd de band de la Banca Rezervelor Federale) {SUA) unborrowed reserves ~ secundare - {reserve bancare investite pe termen scurf) secondary reserves ~ strategice - strategic stocks ~ valutare §i de aur - gold and foreign exchange reserves

~ vizibile/declarate - {mentionate in bilantui contabil) {cont.) visible reserves a constitui ~ - to build up reserves a retrage sume din fondurile de ~ - to draw on the reserves rezident s.m. resident rezidenta s.f. residence rezidual adj. 1. residual 2. {dr.) residuary reziduu s.n. residuum, residue, remnant rezilia v.t. (un contract, o conventie) to cancel, to annul, to rescind, to terminate, to undo, to void, to dissolve reziliere s.f. cancellation, annulment, rescission, termination, voidance, dissolution rezistenta s.f. 1. resistance 2. {a materialelor) strength ~ a consumatorilor - consumer resistance ~ a materialelor - strength of materials ~ la cumparare - {in ciuda publi- citdtii) sales resistance/apathy ~ la uzura - wear resistance rezolutie s.f. resolution a adopta o ~ - to pass/to adopt/to approve/to carry a resolution a propune o ~ - to move/to submit/to table a resolution rezuma v.t. to brief, to sum up, to summarize rezamats.n. summary, brief, resume ~ al principalelor $tiri - {la radio, televiziune) headlines ridica v.t. 1. to raise; {greiitdti) to lift, to heave, to hoist 2. (a suspendu) to suspend; {restrictii} to withdraw, to remove 3. {a mdri) to increase;

RID-RIS 305 (preturi) to raise, to scale up, to put up 4. (o sedinta) to break up v.r. 1. (/a) to amount/to come to, to run into 2. (brusc; despre preturi) to zoom up, to skyrocket ~ obiectii - to raise/to make objections ~ pretentii - to raise claims ~ preturile fortat/artificial - to force up the prices ridicare s.f. 1. raising; (de greutdti) lifting, heaving, -hoisting 2. (suspen-dare) suspension; (de restrictii) withdrawal, removal 3. (crestere) growth; (mdrire) increase; (imbu-ndtdtire) improvement, betterment ~ a preturilor — rise in prices ~ a salariilor - wage increase ~ brusca a preturilor -jump in prices ~ topografica - topographic(al)/land survey ring s.n. (incintd circulard din sala bursei, unde actioneazd agentil) ring rise s.n. risk, hazard; (asig. mar.) adventure ~ acoperit - (prin asigurare) covered risk ~ al afacerii - business risk ~ al armatorului - owner's risk ~ al carau§ului - can'ier's risk ~ al cumparatorului - buyer's risk ~ al inflatiei - inflation risk ~ al incarcatorului - (asig. mar.) shipper's risk ~ al nemdeplinirii obligatiilor - (in tranzactiile de comert exterior) noncompletion risk ~ al puterii de cumparare -purchasing power risk ~ asigurabil - insurable risk ~ asigurat - insured risk, risk insured ~ comercial - commercial/trade risk

~ comun — (atdt pentru navd, cat yi pentru caric) (asig. mar.) common adventure ~ corporativ - (la alocarea capi-talului, acesta reflectd efectele unui proiect asupra riscuhd finnei, mdsurat ca efect asupra variabilitdtii profitului firmei) corporate risk ~ de accidente profesionale/de munca - occupational hazard ~ de captura - (asig. mar.) risk of seizure ~ de coliziune/abordaj - (asig. mar.) risk of collision ~ de credit - credit risk ~ de firma - (riscul de baza inerent activitdtii de exploatare a firmei) (fin.) business risk ~ de frauda - fraud risk ~ de flirt - theft risk ~ de gheturi - (asig. mar.) ice risk ~ de incendiu - fire risk ~ de incetare de plata - default risk ~ de lichiditate - (incapacitated intermediarilor financiari de a onora obligatiile financiare pe termen scurf) liquidity risk ~ de prejudiciu adus unui tert -(asig.) third-party risk ~ de spargere - (a coletelor de mar/a) breakage risk ~ de suveranitate - (riscul expro-prierii activelor unei filiale struine de cdtre tara-gazdd sail restrictii nepre-vazute asupra fluxurilor de numerar cdtre compania-mama) sovereign risk ~ de transbordare - transshipment risk, risk of boats/craft ~ de tranzactie - (riscul valutar da-torat diferentelor de curs in tranzactiile

306 RIS-ROL comerciale Internationale) transaction risk ~ de tara - (fin.) country risk ~ descoperit/neacoperit - (fard asigurare) uncovered risk ~ financiar - {riscul de a nu mai putea acoperi cheltuielile fixe financiare -dobanzi, dividende preferentiale, fonduri de amortizare) financial risk ~ iminent - (asig.) immediate risk ~ incalculabil - (asig.) incalculable risk ~ intrinsec - (asig.) inherent risk ~ maritim - (marine/maritime) adventure, marine/maritime risk, risk at sea ~ moral — (comportament necinstit sau neglijentd a persoanelor care nu suportd costurile actelor lor, situatie generatd de existenta unei asigurdri etc.) moral hazard ~ neasigurabil - noninsurable/ uninsurable risk ~ nesistematic - (riscul diversificabil sau specific unei anumite companii, cauzat de factori caracteristici aces-teia, care poate fi eliminat prin pds-trarea actiunilor companiei intr-un portofoliu diversificat) unsystematic risk ~ operational - (riscul care existd in conditii de functionare normald a bdncii) (fin.) operating risk ~ politic - political risk ~ profesional - professional risk ~ sistematic/relevant/de piata - (acea parte din riscul unui titlu de valoare, care rezultd din oscilatiile pietei bursiere si nu poate fi eliminat prin diversificare) (bur., fin.) systematic/ relevant/market risk

~ special/suplimentar - (asig.) extra/ additional risk ~ total - (abaterea standard a unui titlu de valoare) (fin.) total risk ~ valutar/al cursului de schimb - foreign exchange risk a se expune unui ~ - to incur a risk risca v.t. to risk, to venture; (bani mtr-o afacere) to stake ripisa s.f. waste, wastage; (de bani, timp etc.) squander; thriftlessness risipi v.t. 1. to scatter, to disperse; (din mar/a) to spill 2. (bani, timp etc.) to waste, to squander (away) risipitor adj. wasteful, spendthrift, thriftless s.m. squanderer, spendthrift risturna s.f. return, refund; rebate ~ de navlu - (mar.) deferred rebate ~ de prima - (asig.) premium refund ritms.n. rate ~ de circulatie a marfurilor - rate of turnover ~ de cre$tere economica - economic growth rate ~ de productie - rate of production rival adj., s.m. rival rivalitate s.f. (concurentd) rivalry, contention riveran adj. riverain, riparian, river (-side) s.m. riverain, riparian, riverside resident robot s. m. robot robotica s.f. robotics rodi v.i. to bear/to yield fruits, to fruit roditor adj. 1. fruit-bearing, fruitful 2. fertile, rich rol s.n. 1. roll, list; register 2. (dr.) (de procese) cause list, docket; (calendar de termene) calendar ~ de echipaj - (mar.) ship's ledger/ articles, muster roll/book

ROL-RUT

~ de impozite - assessment roll a trece pe ~ - (un proces) {dr.) to docket rotatie s.f. 1. rotatie 2. (cifra de afaceri; randament) turnover ~ a activelor fixe - (raportui dintre vdnzari si activele fixe, care mdsoard utilizarea instalatiilor si a echipamen- telor) fixed assets turnover ~ a activului total - (raportui dintre vdnzari si activul total) total assets turnover ~ a capitalului - (circuitui capitalului privit ca proces continuii} capital turnover ~ a culturilor agricole - (asolamenf) rotation/succession/shift of crops ~ a directorilor - rotation of directors ~ a sarcinilor/posturilor-job rotation ~ a stocurilor - (raportui dintre vdnzari si stocuri) inventory turnover rotund adj. (despre cifre) round; (despre o sumd de bani) even rotunji v.t. {calcule, cifre} to round off ruina v.t. (afalimentd} to break

307

ruin at adj. (falit) broken ruja v.t. (incdrcdtura uhei nave, a unui avion prin distribuirea ei uniforma) to trim ru]ar s.m. trimmer rujare s.f. trim, trimming rula v.t. {bani, fondtiri) to circulate rulaj s.n. (cont.,fin.) turnover runda s.f. (de negocieri) round rural adj. rural ruta s.f. route, course, way ~ comerciala - trade route ~ de navigatie - (shipping) lane, shipping/sailing route, navigation course ~ de transport de marfa de mare viteza - (c./) fast freight line ~ directa - direct route ~ fluviala - inland route ~ maritima - sea route ~ terestra - overland route ~ oceanica - ocean lane a schimba ruta - to reroute rutier adj. road...

s sac s.m. (pentru marfd, de man me standard) bag,sack '~- de hartie - paper bag --deiuta-jute bag ~ de plastic - plastic bag "- neumplut - slack bag sacrifica v.t. (animale) to slaughter, to kill salariat adj. (despre oameni sau posturi) salaried; (renmnerat, retribuit) remunerated; stipendiary; (despre oameni) wage-earning, wageworking; (despre munca) paid s.m. wage earner; (functionar intr-o societate privatd) salaried employee/man, salary earner; (functionar la stat) civil servant, office worker; (muncitor salariat) wage-worker, salaried worker; pi. the salariat ~ pensionat - retired employee ~ permanent - permanent employee salariu s.n. (pentru munca manuald, mecanizatd, prestarea de servicii) wage(s); (al persoanei care face alte munci deceit cele mamiale sau meca-nizate ori prestdri de servicii) salary, pay ~ brut - gross wage ~ colectiv - collective wage ~ de baza - basic wage ~ de concediere - dismissal wage/pay/ compensation ~ derizoriu - pittance ~ diterential - differential pay, wage differential ~ direct - (in corelafie cu munca prestata) direct wage ~ estimat in viitor - wage expectations

~ indirect - (acea parte a salariului pidtitd dupa alte criterii decdt. munca prestata) indirect wage ~ in acord - piece wage/rate, job/task wage ~ in natura - truck wage ~ just - fair wage - lunar - monthly wage - minim/de subzistenta - minimum/ subsistence/living wage, fall-back pay ~ minim de cre§tere - minimum growing wage - net - net wage, take-home pay ~ nominal - nominal wage ~ pe unitatea de timp - time wage ~ permanent/'regulat - regular salary " platit prin cec - paycheck ~ real - real wage ~ saptamanal - weekly wage ~ tarifar - tariff wage/rate salarii curente - going wages ~ direct productive - productive wages ~ progresive - (in functie de productivitate) progressive/incentive wages ~ si lefuri - wages and salaries salariza v.t. to pay (salary to); to remunerate ~ insuficient - to underpay salarizare s.f. wages pay, paying a salary to, remuneration of sala s.f. (mare, mai ales intr-o cladire publicd) hall; (camera, mcdpere) room; (]~>entru prelegeri) lecture room ~ de a§teptare - waiting room -- de audiente - audience chamber ~ de consiliu - board room

SAL-SAR 309 ~ de expozitie - showroom, exhibition room ~ de tntruniri - assembly hall -de licitatie - auction room. mart ~ de vanzare de bilete - book hall ~ principals - (a unei burse) floor salopeta s.f. overalls, coveralls sanctiona v.t. 1. to penalize, to sanction 2. (a aprobu) to sanction, to agree to sanctiune s.f. 1. sanction, penalty; (pentm incalcarea unui contract) forfeit, forfeiture 2. (aprobare) sanction, approbation, approval sanctiuni economice - economic/trade sanctions sanitar adj. sanitary, health... sarcina s.f. 1. (incarcatura) load, burden; (greutate) weight 2. (garantie, ipoteca) encumbrance, charge 3. (ms-pundere, responsabilitate, custodie, tutela) (dr.) charge 4. (obligatie) charge, burden, imposition, onus; (mdatorire) assignment, task; (obligate) obligation 5. pi. (impolite, taxe, impuner'i) charges, taxes, imposts ~ a probelor - (dr.) onus probandi, burden of proof - admisa/admisibila - allowable' permissible load ~ critica - critical load ~ de exploatare - operating/service load ~ efectiva - effective load ~ fixa - (dreptui creditorului fund limitat la un amimit activ al unei societuti) fixed charge ~ flotanta - (dreptui creditorului extinzdndu-se la toate activele unei societati) floating charge ~ grea - heavy lift

~ ipotecara - mortgage charge ~ limita - ultimate load ~ maxima - maximum/peak load ~ maxima admisa - safe load ~ neta - net load ~ nominala - rated load ~ partiala/incompleta - underload ~ totala - full/total load ~ utila/comerciala - useful/service load, payload sarcini fiscale - tax burden ~ pe active - charges on assets ~ prioritare - (plafa prioritara a dividendelor la actiunile preferentiale) prior charges satisfactie s.f. satisfaction ~ a muncii - (sutisfactia pe care un lucrdtor o obtine din activitatea so) (man.)]db satisfaction saturare ,•>./ saturation ~ a pietei - market saturation sanatate s.f. health ~ publica - public health saptamanal adj. weekly, hebdomadal, hebdomadary^./i. weekly (publication) saptamana s.f. week ~ de lucru - working week sarac adj. poor; (nevoia^) destituite, needy, indigent; (jam barn, strdmtorat) moneyless, impecunious, hard-up; (sdrdcdcios, redus) scanty s.m. poor/ indigent person, pauper saraci v.t. to beggar, to impoverish, to make poor; (a pauperiza) to pauperize v.;'. to grow/to become poor, to become impoverished saracie s.f. poverty; (nevoie) destitution, necessity, need(iness); (lips a) want, scarcity, dearth, lack, paucity: (pauperism) pauperism ~ absoluta - absolute poverty

310 SAL-SCH ~ relativa - relative poverty sarbatoare s.f. 1. (zi nelncrdtoare) day of rest, rest day; (zi liberd la scoala) play day 2. (care se prdznuieste) holiday, high day, feast; (marcatd cu rosu in calendar) red-letter day ~ legala - legal/public/statutory holiday; (pentru band) bank holiday scadent adj. (falling) due, mature a fi ~ - to fall due scadenta s.f. due date/day, prompt date, maturity, term; (a unei cambii) tenor ~ comuna - (a mai multor titluri de valoare) equation of payments ~ medie - (calculatd in functie de diferite sume care trebuie platite la date diferite) average due date a ajunge la ~ - to fall due, to mature; (despre o datorie) to fall in scara s.f. 1. (fixd) stairs, staircase; (mobild) ladder 2. (scald) scale ~ de impozite - tax scale ~ de incendiu - fire escape ~ de normare - rating scale ~ de pescaj - (mar.) draught/draft scale ~ de serviciu - back stairs ~ grafica - (a hdrtii) graphic scale ~ ierarhica - scale of ranks, hierarchy ~ mobila - (de venituri, cheltuieli) sliding scale ~ rulanta - rolling/moving stairway scadea v.t. 1. (cifre) to subtract, to figure out; (pretui) to mark down 2. (a reduce, a micsora, a diminua) to lessen, to diminish, to lower v.i. to diminish, to decrease; (despre preturi, tarife) to lower, to fall, to decline, to go down, to sag, to sink, to weaken; (despre incasdri, profituri) to fall off;

(despre cursuri bursiere) to trade down, to slump scadere s.f. 1. (de cifre) subtraction 2. (reducere, micsorare, diminuare) reduction, diminution, lowering, decrease, decline; (a activitdtii economice) downturn, downswink ~ a cifrei de afaceri - reduction in turnover ~ a cursului - (bur.) (care urmeazd unei perioade de cresteri) setback; (bruscd) slump ~ a preturilor - decline in prices, markdown ~ accentuata a preturilor - (bur.) sliding trend ~ u§oara a preturilor - slight decline in prices ~ vertiginoasa a preturilor - collapse of prices scazut adj. (despre pretiiri, tarife) low, weak schela s.f. (sondd) oil derrick; (santier) oilfield schema s.f. 1. diagram, chart, scheme, schedule 2. (de personal) establishment, table of functions and wages ~ a oportunitatilor de investitii -(grafic al oportunitatilor de investitii ale firmei clasate in ordinea ratei rentabilitdtii proiectelor) investment opportunity schedule ~ de incarcare - loading chart, scheme of loading ~ de stivuire - stowage diagram schimb s.n. 1. exchange; (troc) truck; (barter) barter 2. (de lucru) shift ~ de actiuni - (mire doud sau mai multe companii care fuzioneaza) exchange of shares

SCH-SCR 311 ~ de dupa-amiaza - afternoon/swing shift ~ de experienta - exchange/pooling/ sharing of experience ~ de instrumente de ratificare - exchange of ratifications ~ de lucru - working shift ~ de lucru divizat - (in dona sau mai multe ture pentru a acoperi orele de vdrf) split shift ~ de marfuri - exchange of goods/ commodities ~ de noapte - night shift ~ de seara - twilight shift ~ de zi - day shift ~ dublu - (cu efectiv dublu) double shift ~ financiar de creante - (cedarea unor creante, detinute de o banca, in schimbul unui alt activ; schimbarea unei creante dintr-o anumitd valuta in altd valuta; transformarea unei datorii cu dobdndd fixd intr-o datorie cu dobdndd variabila) swap ~ in natura - (troc) swap, swapping ~ la paritate - exchange at parity ~ valutar - foreign exchange ~ valutar direct - (intre doud tdri, valuta uneia fund cotatd in raport cu valuta celeilalte tdri) direct exchange ~ valutar indirect - (intre doud tdri, folosindu-se valuta unei a treia tdri) indirect exchange schimba v.t. 1. to change; (a inlocui) to replace; (a modified} to modify, to alter, to shift; (a face schimb de) to exchange 2. (bani) to change; (bani in unitdti subdivizionare) to break; (a convert!) to convert

schimbare s.f. changing; change; exchange; modification, alteration, shift ~ a preturilor - variation of prices ~ a unui produs vechi cu unul nou - (cumpdrarea unui automobil, a unui frigider etc. nou prin restituirea celui vechi firmei care l-a produs si achitarea unei diferente de pret) trade-in ~ in continutui unei functii - shift in the function scoate v.t. 1. to take/to draw/to pull out 2. (din Idzi, cutii) to uncase, to unbox 3. (un certificat, un act) to take out 4. (a cdstiga, a obtine) to get, to obtain ~ bani de la banca - to draw money (from a bank) ~ castiguri mari de pe urma - to derive large profits from ~ din doc - to undock ~ din functiune - to disable; {un utilaj, o instalatie) to shut down ~ din vama - to clear through the customs a-$i ~ cheltuielile - to cover one's expenses scont5\/2. discount ~ comercial - bank/banker's discount sconta v.t. to discount, to take on discount scontare s.f. (pperatiune prin care banca il crediteazd pe posesorul unui efect de corner} nescadent cu valoarea netd a acestuia, prelevdnd dobdnda î comisionul aferent transferului de creanta) discount scontator^.m. discounter scop s.n. goal, aim, purpose scriptic adj. on the staff scrisoare s.f letter

312 SCR-SCU ~ cu semnaturile autorizate - mandate form ~ cu valoare declarata - insured/value letter ~ de acordare a dreptului de retentie -(dr.) letter of lien ~ de apel - (adresatd unui actionar pentru a plati actiunile detimite) call letter ~ de avizare - letter of advice, advice note ~ de cerere de informatii sau de oferta - letter of inquiry ~ de cerere de subscriere la actiuni - letter of application ~ de confirmare - follow-up letter ~ de credit - letter of credit ~ de credit anticipate - anticipatory letter of credit ~ de credit circulara - circular letter of credit ~ de credit comerciala - commercial letter of credit ~ de credit de calatorie - traveller's letter of credit ~ de credit deschisa/fara conditii - open letter of credit ~ de depunere - (ca garantie) letter of deposit ~ de gaj - letter of hypothecation ~ de garantie - (a rnarfii) letter of indemnity, backward/back letter; (a navel) letter of guarantee ~ de garantie a incarcatorului - shipper's guarantee ~ de garantie bancara de executare - (ci contractului) performance/contract bond ~ de garantie vamala - (pentru platu taxelor vamale de import) customs bond

~ de intentie - letter of intent ~ de msotire - covering letter ~ de numire - (intr-un post) letter of appointment ~ de preocupare - (trimisa de banca unui client cu dificultdti fmanciare) letter of concern ~ de rapel/revenire - letter of reminder ~ de recomandare - letter of introduction/recommendation ~ de renuntare - (la atribuirea de actiuni) letter of renunciation ~ de sprijin/recomandare - (pentru obtinerea unui imprumuf) letter of comfort ~ de scuze - (pentru respingerea cereru de subscriere la actiuni) letter of regret ~ de trasura - (contract pentru transportui de mdrfuri) consignment note, waybill ~ tnchisa - sealed letter ~ neconfirmata - unacknowledged letter ~ nedatata - undated letter ~ recomandata - registered letter; {SUA) certified mail ~ returnata §i neinmanata expeditorului - dead letter ~ - tip - set form of a letter scrisori de acreditare - letters of credence scump adj. expensive, dear scumpete s.f. expensiveness, costliness, deamess, dearth scumpi v.t. to raise/to put up the price of v.r. to grow/to get dearer, to rise/to increase/to advance/to go up in price

SCU-SEC 313 scurgere s.f. 1. (printr-o crdpdturd, spartura) leakage, leaking; flowing, wastage 2. (a capitalului) efflux ~ accidentals — (cu efect poluant) accidental leakage, spillage ~ de marfa - cargo leaking ~ din sac - leakage from bag scuti v.t. to exempt; (a exonera) to exonerate; (de o sarcind, o obligatie etc.) to privilege; (de impozite partial sau total} to derate scutire s.f. exemption; (exonerare) exoneration; (de taxe, impozite etc.) immunity; (de impozite partial sau total) derating ~ de impozite - exemption from taxation, freedom from tax, tax exemption ~ de taxe vamale - exemption from duty scutit adj. exempt (from), free (of) ~ de chirie sau arenda - rent-free, free of rent ~ de impozite - tax-exempt/-free ~ de impunere - exempt from taxation ~ de navlu - (mar.) free of freight ~ de taxe postale - post-free ~ de taxe vamale - duty-free, free of duty secara s.f. rye secatui v.t. to exhaust, to deplete; (a sdrdci) to impoverish sechestra v.t. (dr.) to sequester, to sequestrate, to distrain, to seize, to attach; (o navd) to arrest sechestru s.n. sequester, sequestration, distraint, distrainment, seizure, garnishment, attachment; (asupra navel) arrest ~ asigurator - conservative seizure

~ asupra bunurilor imobiliare -seizure of real estate/property ~ asupra bunurilor mobiliare -seizure of movable property ~ executor - execution ~ in revendicare - seizure under a prior claim ~ judiciar - seizure under legal process a pune- pe - to levy/to lay a distraint upon a scoate de sub ~ - to replevy secret adj. secret; confidential s.n. secret; secrecy ~ bancar - banking secrecy ~ comercial/industrial - trade secret ~ profesional - professional secret secretar.s-.rn. secretary ~ de redactie - editorial secretary ~ de stat - Secretary of State ~ general - Secretary-General ~ particular - personal/private secretary ~ responsabil cu clasarea docu-mentelor - filing clerk ~ responsabil cu corespondenta -correspondence clerk secretariat s.n. 1. (serviciu, birou) secretariat 2. (functie) secretaryship sector s.n, 1. sector; department 2. district ~ corporativ/al corporatiilor - (in economic) corporate sector ~ de servicii - service department ~ economic cheie - key sector of the economy ~ institutional - (totalul unitdtilor economice sau institutionale care an un comportament analog) institutional sector

314 SEC-SEM ~ mixt - (in care se combind proprietatea publicd cu cea privata) mixed sector ~ petrolifer - oil area/land/zone ~ privat - private sector ~ public/de stat - public sector sectie s.f. 1. section; department; division 2. (intr-o uzind) workshop ~ de politic - police station ~ de productie/exploatare - production/operations department ~ de votare - polling station ~ financiara - tax administration, taxation authorities ~ postuniversitara - (pentru doctoral) graduate school securitate s.f. safety, security ~ a muncii - labour safety ~ alimentara - food security ~ sociala - social security sediu s.n. (al unei firme) office; {central) headquarters ~ central/principal - headquarters, head/home office; (al unui holding) group headquarters ~ social - registered office segment s.n. segment ~ de piata - market share segmentare s.f. segmentation ~ a pietei - market segmentation ~ concentrata - (marketingul niselor de piata, identificarea si exploatarea unui segment ingust de piata) concentrated segmentation seif s.n. safe (deposit), strongbox, vault, coffer ~ de noapte - (seif cu usa amplasatd pefatada exterioard a unei band, unde clientii pot veni sa-si depoziteze numerarul in afara orelor de program ale bdncii) night safe

selectare s.f. (a celei mat bune alternative) (man.) screening selectie s.f. selection, choice ~ de portofoliu - portfolio selection ~ ponderata - balanced sample semana v.t. to sow, to seed; (in randuri) to drill semanatoare s.f. sowing machine semicalificat adj. semiskilled semicontainer s.n. (pentru mdrfuri in vrac) half-height container ~ deschis/fara capac - half-height/ open-top container semifabricat adj. semifinished, semimanufactured s.n. pi. semifinished/ half-finished/unfinished goods/products, intermediate goods/ products semipreparate s.n. pi. (culinare) ready-to-cook foods semna v.t. 1. to sign, to subscribe 2. (transferul sau renuntarea la o pro-prietate) to sign away ~ in alb - to sign in blank ~ in condica - (la intrarea in serviciu) to sign in; (la iesirea din serviciu) to sign off ~ in mod solidar - to sign jointly ~ in numele cuiva - to sign on behalf of smb. ~ pe verso - to endorse ~ prin procura - to sign per proxy semnat adj. signed ~ personal/man u propria — signed personally/in own hand semnatar adj. signatory s.m. signer. signatory, subscriber semnatura s.f. signature ~ autorizata - authorized signature ~ colectiva -joint signature ~ de complezenta - bogus signature

SEM-SER 315 ~ falsa - forged signature ~ ilizibila/indescifrabila - illegible signature ~ in alb - blank signature ~ neautorizata - unauthorized signature ~ originala - authograph ~ prin procura - signature by procuration/proxy ~ sociala - signature of the firm sentinta s.f, (a jiidecdtorului) judgement, sentence, decision, decree; (a juratilor) verdict; (a unui arbitru) award ~ de amanare - adjournment ~ de desistare - judgement upon withdrawal of suit ~ de jurisdictie contecioasa - sentence in disputed matters ~ de rejudecare/trimitere - remand ~ definitiva/executorie - final judgement ~ civila -judgement in civil matters ~ in contumacie - judgement by default ~ irevocabila - decree absolute ~ in favoarea reclamantului - judgement for the plaintiff ~ penala -judgement in criminal case ~ provizorie/interlocutorie - interlocutory judgement a da o ~ - to pass/to give/to deliver a sentence; (de arbitral) to make an award serie s.f. 1. series 2. (set) set ~ de cambii - set of bills of exchange ~ de conosamente - set of bills of lading series adj. (despre o sitiiatie, o ches- tiune) serious, grave; (despre o persoana) serious-minded; (despre un

cumpdrdtor) genuine; (despre o oferta) bona-fide... servi v.t. (un client) to serve, to attend to, to wait on serviciu s.n. 1. service; job, employment; (pbligatie de serviciu) duty 2. (ingrijire, servire, deservire) attendance 3. (sectie) department 4. (facut cuiva) service rendered 5. (de obiecte) set, service ~ al datoriei externe - (totalitatea obligatiilor de, platd externe, derivate din datoria externa, pe parcursul unui an) foreign debt service ~ al datoriei publice - (totalitatea obligatiilor de platd ale debitorilor publici, decurgand din datoria ptiblicd, pe parcursul unui an) public debt service ~ comercial/de vanzari - sales department ~ consultativ - advisory service ~ contabil - accounting/accounts department ~ contractual - contract service ~ cu norma intreaga - full-time job/ employment/work ~ cu norma partiala/program redus - part-time job/employment/work ~ de aprovizionare-desfacere - supply-delivery service ~ de camera - (intr-un hotel) room service ~ de cercetare - research department ~ de consultants manageriala - (serviciu intern al unei firme) management sei"vices ~ de contencios - legal department ~ de corespondenta - correspondence department ~ de credite - credit department

316 SER-SEZ ~ de decontare a cecurilor - (serviciu bancar) transit department '- de expeditii - dispatch/forwarding department ~ de Tncasari - collection department ~ de intretinere - repair/maintenance service, service agreement ~ de medicina muncii - occupational health sendee ~ de mesagerie - parcel delivery/post/ service; (SUA) expressage ~ de personal - personnel/staff/ appointments department ~ de publicitate - advertising/publicity department ~ de reclamatii - complaint section ~ de reconciliere a conturilor - (cu evidentele clientului unei band) account reconcilement service - de ridicare si livrare la domiciliu - collection and deliver}' ~ de scont - discount department ~ de stivuire - stevedore service ~ de transport - transport service ~ ,,din usa in usa" - {serviciu de livrare a marfii pand la fiecare destinatar) door-to-door service ~ financiar - finance department

hidrografic - hydrographic department/'service/office ~ meteorologic - weather service - periferic - (care este oferit pe Idiiga serviciile bancare de baza fird comision) peripheral sendee ~ permanent - regular employment ~ postvanzare/de intretinere - after- -sales service ~ postal - mail/postal service ~ sezonier - seasonal employment ~ social - social service ~ statistic - statistical department

~ tehnic - engineering department ~ telefonic - telephone service ~- valutar - exchange department servicii bancare - banking services ~ bancare la domiciliu - (sistem de tranzaclii bancare prin computerul personal conectat la reteaua bancil) home banking ~ bancare principale/de baza - basic banking ~ comerciale - commercial services ~ de asistenta medicala - health service ~ directe — (altele deceit cele comerciale, mdeplinite de medici, avocati, functionari etc.} direct services ~ edilitare/municipale - social overheads ~ publice - public utilities ~ regulate - scheduled services servieta s.f. portfolio; (diplomat} attache case; (pentru documente, de avocat) briefcase servitor.9. m. servant, attendant servitute s.f. (dr.) servitude, easement sets.n. set ~ de cambii - set of bills of exchange ~ de conosamente - set of bills of lading ~ de oportunitate - (toate datele risc--rentabilitate referitoare la o investitie) (fin.) opportunity set ~ de scule - tool kit/outfit/set sezons.n. season '" de navigatie - navigation/shipping season ~ de pescuit - fishing season ~ deschis - (de vanatoare, pescuit) open season ~ mort - dead/'slaclc/dull/iow season, off-season/-time

SEZ-SIN 317 ~ plin/de varf - rush/peak/throng season ~ turistic - high season sezonier adj. seasonal sfarsit5./i. end; (mcetare) cessation ~ al exercitiului nnanciar - end of the financial year ~ de luna - (corn., bur.) ultimo sfera s.f. (domeniu) sphere, field, domain ~ a afacerilor - sphere/line of business ~ de activitate - sphere/field of activity, branch ~ de influenta - sphere of influence ~ de productie - sphere/field of production, output area sfert s.n. quarter; (de pintu, iincie etc.) quartern ~ de dolar - (american sou Canadian, monedd de 25 de centi) quarter ~ de galon — (imitate de mdsurd pentru capacitate) quart siderurgie s.f. metallurgy of iron and steel sigila v.t. (cu plumb de garantie) to seal sigiliu s.n. (plombd/plumb de garantie) seal ~ vamal - customs seal sigur adj. 1. (in sigurantd) secure, safe 2. (de incredere) reliable, trustworthy 3. (cu acoperire din punct de vedere financiar) copper-bottomed siguranta s.f. safety, security ~ a locului de munca -job security ~ In exploatare - operating safety/ reliability si\ozs.n. (grain) silo silvic adj. forest... silvicultor s.m. silviculturist, sylviculturist, forester

silvicultura s.f. silviculture, sylviculture, forestry simbol^.M. symbol ~- de status — (simbol al pozitiei ocupate de o persoand sau un grup in societate) status symbol simulare s.f. simulation ~ a modelelor econometrice -simulation of econometric models ~ de management - management game ~ de roluri - (man.) dramatization sindical adj. 1. trade-union... 2. (patronal) syndical(ist), syndicalistic sindicalism s.n. 1. trade unionism 2. (patronal) syndicalism ~ de sistem - (conceptie sindicald de a accepta si de a sustine sistemul capitalist, lupta sindicalelor limitdndu-se la imbundtdtirea conditiilor de mimed si de viatd) (SUA) business unionism sindicalist s.m. 1. trade unionist 2. (patronal syndicalist sindicaliza v.r. 1. to form a trade-union organization 2. (a se uni intr-un sindicat patronal) to syndicate sindicatj'./?. 1. (trade) union; organized labour 2. (patronal) syndicate ~ al asiguratorilor de caric - cargo syndicate ~ al feroviarilor - (SUA) railway brotherhood ~ al meseriasilor/muncitorilor din aceeasi specialitate - craft union ~ arbitrajist - arbitrage syndicate ~ bancar - banking syndicate ~ controlat de patronat - company union ~ de asiguratori maritimi - marine syndicate ~ de credit - loan syndicate

318 SIN-SIS ~ de/pe ramura - industrial union ~ de subscriere - (alcatuit din band si sodetdti de investitii pentru a acoperi riscul asocial lansarii si distribuirii unei emisiuni de titluri de valoare) underwriting syndicate ~ de subscriere a unei emisiuni de obligatiuni - bond syndicate ~ deschis - (care nil impune conditii restrictive pentru primirea de not membri) open trade union ~ galben - (care sustine patronatui) yellow trade union ~ inchis - (care impune conditii restrictive pentru primirea de noi membri) closed trade union ~ patronal - syndicate, employers' association ~ pe societate - company union ~ profesional - trade/trading association sinecura s.f. sinecure sinecurist-y.w. sinecurist sista v.t. (livrari, plati etc.) to cease, to suspend, to stop, to withhold ~ livrarea - to stop delivery ~ un ordin de plata/un cec - to stop payment/a cheque sistem^.n. system ~ al economiei de comanda - command economy system ~ al economiei de piata - market economy system ~ al economiei nationale - national economy system ~ al marii proprietati funciare - landlordism - bancar - banking system ~ bancar cu activitate corespondenta - correspondence banking

~ bancar dual - (cu reglementdri federale si de stat) (SUA) dual banking system ~ bancar fractionar - (prin care handle mentin rezervele proprii la un procent fix din depozitele clientilor) fractional (deposit) banking ~ bancar unitar - (in care nu se admit filial e) unit banking ~ contabil - accounting system ~ contabil fara registre - ledgerless accounting, file posting ~ contabil uniform - uniform system of accounts ~ cooperatist - cooperative system ~ de acte justificative - voucher system ~ de alimentare cu apa - waterworks ~ de calcul - computing system ~ de clasare/clasificare - filing system ~ de cliring - clearing system ~ de comenzi in cantitati fixe - fixed order system ~ de comenzi la intervale fixe -fixed interval reorder system ~ de depozitare - warehousing system ~ de economisire din salariu - (prin care se scade regulat o suma de bani din salariu) save-as-you-eam scheme ~ de evidenta a intrarilor - (cont.) book entry system ~ de exploatare - operating system ~ de exploatare intensive - speed-up system ~ de livrari complexe - (materiale, servicii, consultants) package system ~ de munca bazata pe prime - work--on-the-bonus system ~ de munca in acord - piece rate system

SIS-SIT 319 ~ de plata in alimente - tommy system ~ de prelucrare automata a datelor - automatic data processing system ~ de preturi comune - common prices system ~ de prevederi sociale - provident scheme ~ de prevenire timpurie - (sistem de identificare a institutiilor financiare care pot da faliment) early warning system ~ de previzionare si control al stocurilor - forecasting and control system ~ de prime - bonus scheme ~ de salarizare - wage system ~ de salarizare cu prime - premium wage system ~ de salarizare pe baza de norme zilnice - measured day work ~ de salarizare pentru munca in acord - task system of pay ~ de vanzari cu plata in rate - installment plan/system, budget account ~ economic - economic system ~ economic capitalist - capitalist economic system ~ fiscal -'tax system ~ flexibil al programului de munca - flexible hours system ~ informatic de gestiune management information system ~ metric - metric system ~ monetar - monetary system, coinage ~ monetar decimal - decimal coinage ~ monetar unificat - unified monetary system ~ stimulativ - (plan de stimulare in salarizare) incentive scheme

~ tabular - tabulating system ~ tarifar - tariff/rating system, rates schedule ~ vamal protectionist - protective system ~ zecimal - (de unitati de masurd) decimal system ~ zonal de preturi - zone price plan sistematiza v.t. to systematize sistematizare s.f. 1. systematization 2. (urband) town planning situatie s.f. 1. (stare) situation, condition, position 2. (raport, dare de seamd) report; account; (cont.) statement ~ a activului si a pasivului - (cont.) statement of assets and liabilities ~ a cheltuielilor - account of expenses ~ a cheltuielilor de exploatare - (cont.) operating statement ~ a costurilor - (cont.) statement of costs ~ a pietei - condition of the market ~ a veniturilor - (cont.) income statement ~ anuala - (a unei societdti, cerutd de registrul comerfului) annual return - concurentiala - competitive situation ~ critica - emergency, case of emergency ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) general average condition ~ de casa - (cont.) cash statement ~ financiara - financial position; (cont.) financial statement ~ financiara certificata - (de un contabil autorizaf) certified financial statement ~ materiala buna - competence

320 SIT-SOC ~ sociala - social condition, status, standing ~ solida — (din punct de vedere financial') strong position situatii financiare consolidate - (cont.) consolidated financial statements, group accounts slab adj. (despre activitdti economice) slack; (despre piatd etc.) weak slogan s.n. (publicitar) slogan, catchphrase slujba s.f. job, employment, service, post a detine o ~ - to hold a situation, to fill a post a solicita o ~ - to apply/to compete for a post a-si lasa slujba - to leave one's post, to resign one's office slumpflatie s.f. (inflatie insotitd de depresiune economicd) slumpflation social adj. social ~ -democrat - social democrat ~ -democratic - social democracy socialism s.n. socialism ~ corporatist - guild socialism ~ stiintific - scientific socialism ~ utopic - Utopian socialism socialist adj., s.m. socialist societar^.m. (full) member, associate societate s.f. 1. society; (asociatie) association 2. (comerciald) company; firm, business; {corporate) corporation ~ capitalists - capitalist society ~ care practica afaceri riscante - wildcat company ~ care produce pierderi - loss maker ~ comerciala - (trading) company; firm, business ~ comunista - communist society

~ -conglomerat - conglomerate company ~ constituita prin fuziune - merger company ~ controlata de o singura persoana - one-man company ~ cooperatista - cooperative society ~ cotata/listata - (bur.) listed company ~ cu raspundere limitata - limited (-liability) company ~ cu raspundere nelimitata - unlimited company ~ cu sucursale multiple - chain company ~ de ajutor reciproc - mutual benefit society ~ de asigurari - insurance company ~ de asigurari de viata - life assurance/insurance company ~ de asigurari maritime - marine insurance company, underwriting association ~ de binefacere - friendship/friendly society ~ de clasificare - (a navelor) ship's register, registry of shipping, classification society ~ de constructii navale - shipbuilding company ~ de consum - consumption-society ~ de credit - (care finanteazd achizitionarea de bunuri cu plata in rate) (sales) finance company/house, hire-purchase company; (cu fonduri constituite din vdrsdmintele membrilor) loan club/society ~ de credit agricol - rural credit society ~ de credit comercial - commercial credit company

SOC-SOL 321

~ de credit ipotecar - {care acordd imprumuturi pentru ciimpdrarea sail construirea de locuinte) building society/and loan association ~ de depozite - {de mdrfuri) warehouse company ~ de finantare - (a intreprinderilor mid si mijiocii) finance company ~ de investitii financiare - unit/security trust, paper/trust company, investment (trust) company ~ de investitii financiare flexibile/ generale - (in orice sector) flexible trust, general management trust ~ de investitii financiare intr-un sector fix/limitat - fixed trust ~ de leasing - leasing company ~ de servicii publice - public utility company ~ de transport - transport/carrying company, carrier ~ de transport de mobila - furniture removers ~ -fantoma - bubble company ~ fara scop lucrativ - nonprofit company ~ fictiva - bogus company; (societate neoperantd, infiintatd cu scopiil de a ft vdndutd) shell company ~ -fiica - (filiala a uniii holding) daughter company ~ internationala - international company ~ in comandita - sleeping/limited partnership, sleeping partners company ~ in comandita pe actiuni - partnership limited by shares ~ in nume colectiv - general/ordinary partnership, partnership firm ~ in participate - particular partnership

~ inchisa - (controlata de cinci sail mat putini actionari) close(d) company ~ infimtata prin decret regal - chartered company ~ -mama - parent company ~ mixta -joint venture ~ multinationals - multinational corporation ~ necotata/nelistata - (bur.) unlisted company ~ pe actiuni - joint-stock company; {SUA) corporation ~ pentru acordarea de credite consumatorilor/persoanelor fizice - consumer finance company ~ publica - public company ~ radiata - defunct company - -sora - (apartinand acehiiasi holding) sister company socioeconomic adj. socioeconomic sociology, m. sociologist sociologie s.f. sociology socoteala s.f. 1. counting, calculation, computation; account 2. (Jdcturd, nota de plata) account, bill, check soi s.n. 1. (fel) kind, sort; category, grade; (calitate) quality 2. (specie) species; (rasa) breed; (rasd de vite ameliorata) grade sol s.n. soil; land ~ arabil - tillable soil ~ fertil - rich/fertile soil ~ marginal — (a cdrui productie este egald cu investitiile /acute) marginal land sola s.f. crop in rotation sold s.n. 1. (cont.) balance 2. {corn.) surplus stock, residue; pi. sale/reduced goods, job line/lot ~ al contului curent - current balance

322 SOL-SON ~ al extrasului de cont - statement balance ~ creditor - credit balance, balance in/on hand ~ de beneficiu - profit balance ~ de casa - cash balance ~ de numerar pentru tranzactii - transaction balance ~ de numerar preventiv - (numerar pastrat pentru cheltuieli neprevdzute) precautionary balance ~ debitor - debit balance, balance due ~ final - statement balance ~ inactiv - dormant balance ~ initial - opening balance ~ in banca - bank balance - nedebursat - undisbursed balance ~ net - net balance ~ nul - nil balance ~ reportat - balance brought forward -- speculativ - (sold de numerar pastrat pentru a permite unei firme sd profite de orice oportunitate) speculative balance solda v.t. 1. (un cont) to balance, to settle 2. (mdrfuri) to clear, to sell off, to close out soldare s.f. 1. (a unui cont) balancing, settlement 2. (de. mdrfuri) clearance, clearing-out sale, closeout, bargain sale; (de cdrti) remainder sale; (de cupoane de stofa) remnant sale ~ la sfarsit de sezon - end-of-season sale solda s.f. (military) pay solicita v.t. to solicit, to demand, to^ request, to require, to ask/to apply fy; (despdgubiri) to claim; (voturi) /to canvass for

solicitant s.m. petitioner, applicant, solicitant; (de despdgubiri, reclamant) claimer, claimant solicitare s.f. solicitation, demand, request, requirement, application; (de despdgubiri) claim; (de voturi) canvassing ~ de achitare a actiunilor - call on shares solid adj. (sigur, solvabil; despre o firmd) sound; (CM acoperire din punct de vedere financiar) copper-bottomed solidar adj. joint; (rdspunzdtor, pasibiT) liable adv. jointly ~ si individual - (dr.) joint(ly) and several(ly) solidaritate s.f. (dr.) joint responsibility solutiona v.t. to solve, to settle ~ un litigiu pe cale amiabila - to settle a dispute amicably solvabil adj. solvent, solvable, trustworthy, sound, able to pay ~ pana la suma de - safe for a credit of solvabilitate s.f. solvency, trustworthiness, creditworthiness, paying capacity soma v.t. to summon; (un debitor) to call on/upon somatic s.f. summons, writ; (formald) notice /de evacuare - notice to quit de infatisare - (la proces) summons to appear

~ de plata - notice to pay; (a unei rate. scadente) call somptuar adj. sumptuary sondaj s.n. survey; (eântionare) sampling ~ de opinie - opinion poll

SON-SPE 323 a realiza un ~ de piata - to undertake a survey/study of the market sonda s.f. (oil) derrick; (foraj) well ~ de exploatare - development well ~ de explorare - test well/hole, prospecting hole, wildcat well ~ de foraj - drill/bore hole ~ de gaze - gasser ~ de titei - oil well sorta v.t. to sort, to assort; (dupa mdrime, dimensiune) to size, to grade sortabil adj. sortable sortare s.f. sorting; (dupa mdrime, dimensiune) sizing, grading ~ a marfurilor dupa marcile de pe ambalaj - sorting by marks ~ a marfurilor la destinatie - sorting by consignee sortator.y.w. sorter sortiment s.n. sort, assortment, range (of goods/commodities) ~ de esantionare - variety of patterns ~ variat - varied selection lines sosire s.f. arrival ~ cu incarcatura - (cu plinurile consumate) (mar.} loaded arrival ~ in balast - (mar.} ballast arrival ~ in bune conditii - (a navei) safe arrival ~ probabila - (a navei) expected arrival sosiri si plecari - (c.f.) arrivals and departures; (mar.) arrivals and sailings spargere s.f. 1. breaking, breakage 2. (furt prin efractie) burglary, housebreaking, burglarious attempt spatiu s.n. space ~ comercial - (la parterul unei cladiri) floor space; (de expunere a produselor intr-un magazin) shelf space; (SUA) commercial precint

~ de depozitare - storage space ~ de descarcare/deversare - waste area ~ de incarcare - (mar.) cargo/loading space, shipping room/space ~ de incarcare pe punte - (mar.) deck-cargo space ~ de stivuire - stowage space ~ deductibil - (spatiu impropriu incdrcdrii de marfd) (mar.) deductible space ~ economic - economic space ~ frigorific - refrigerating space ~ gol/necompletat - blank ~ liber/neincarcat - open space ' ~ locativ - living space '- mort/nefolosit/pierdut - (prin stivuire necorespunzdtoare) broken stowage, lost/waste space ~ pentru marfuri - (pe navd) cargo/ freight space spatii nedestinate pasagerilor si marfurilor - (mar.) noneaming spaces spalare s.f. laundering, washing ~ de bani - money laundering/washing ~ de obligatiuni - (vdnzarea obliga-tiunilor guvernamentale cu putin timp inainte de scadentd pentru a evitaplata impozitelor) bondwashing spargator s.m. (care comite flirt prin efractie) burglar, housebreaker ~ de greva - strikebreaker, blackleg, yellow labour special adj. 1. special, particular 2. (despre rata unei dobdnzi, care este diferitd de cele practicate curent pe piata) off-market specialist s.m. specialist, expert, consultant

324 SPE-SPE ~ compensator - (specialist in rezol- varea cererilor de despdgubire) (asig.) adjuster ~ in analiza muncii -job analyst ~ in operatii de arbitraj - arbitrageur ~ in sondaje de opinie - pollster specialitate s.f. 1. (domeniu principal de activitate) speciality 2. (produs principal) special(i)ty specializa v.t., v.r. {in) to specialize (in) specializare s.f. specialization ~ excesiva/ingusta - specialism ~ internationala a economiilor nationale - international specialization of the national economies specifica v.t. 1. to specify, to particularize 2. (afixa data, pretui etc.) to name 3. (a mentiona intr-un contract) to set forth 4. (pe puncte) to itemize 5. (un cont) to itemize, to detail specificatie s.f. 1. specification 2. (lista) list ~ a conditiilor contractuale - the specification of contract terms ~ a incarcaturii - freight note ~ de greutate - (in documentele de transport) weight account/note ~ de lipsuri la predare - (despre mar/a) list of shortage specificatii standard - standard specifications ~ tehnice - technical specifications ~ tehnice pentru protectia muncii -safety specifications specimen s. n. specimen ~ de semnatura - specimen of signature, autograph/sample signature specula v.t. 1. (marfuri) to speculate in 2. (a profita de) to profiteer by v.i. (la

bursd) to play the market, to stag, to speculate on the stock exchange ~ a la baisse - (bur.) to speculate/to operate for a fall, to go a bear ~ a la hausse - (bur.) to speculate/to operate for a rise, to go a bull ~ asupra diferentelor de curs - (bur.) to speculate in differences speculant s.m. speculator, profiteer, racketeer, wildcatter ~ a la baisse - (care mizeazd pe scdderea cursiirilor) (bur.) bear ~ a la baisse cu acoperire - (care detine suficiente actiuni pentru a-si indeplini obligatiile, nefiind obligat sd cumpere pe o piatd in crestere) (bur.) covered bear ~ a la hausse - (care mizeazd pe cresterea ciirsurilor) {bur.) bull ~ de bilete — (la cinema, competitii sportive) ticket tout ~ la bursa - player, stag, stock adventurer ~ pe piata neagra - black marketeer speculativ adj. speculative speculatie s.f. speculation; (agiotaj) agiotage ~ a la baisse - (bur.) bear speculation/ campaign/raid/tack ~ a la hausse - {bur.) bull speculation/ campaign ~ valutara bazata pe diferenta de curs - switch deal/transaction speculate de destabilizare a pietei - (bur.) tampering with the market specula s.f. speculation, profiteering, open trade speranta s.f. (asteptare) expectation, expectancy ~ de viata - life expectancy

SPE-STA ~ medie de viata - average life expectancy speze s.f. pi. charges, expenses ~ bancare - banking charges ~ de depozitare - storing charges, yardage ~ de inmagazinare - warehouse/ warehousing charges ~ de intretinere - maintenance charges ~ de transport - transport charges ~ la destinatar - charges forward ~ restante - back charges ~ suplimentare - additional charges, extras spionaj s.n. espionage, spying ~ industrial - industrial espionage/ spying spirala s.f. spiral ~ inflationista - inflationary spiral ~ salarii - preturi - wage-price spiral sponsor s.m. sponsor sponsoriza v.t. to sponsor sponsorizare s.f. sponsorship spor^.n. increment; increase ~ de fidelitate - senionty wages ~ de periclitate - bonus for special risk, danger money ~ de salariu - wage increase ~ de salariu descrescand - tapered salary increase ~ de salariu in treptc stepped salary increase ~ de salariu pentru corelarea veril- turilor cu evolutia indicelui costulul vietii - cost-of-living bonus ~ de salami peiitru vecltiine in serviciu - service increment ~ temporar - transitory increase spori v.t. to increase, to step up

spot s.n. 1. (anunt publicitar la radio si televiziune) spot announcement/ broadcast 2. (marfa disponibild/cu livrare imediata) spot sprijin s.n. support; (ajutor) aid, assistance; (recomandare) comfort; (fmanciar) backing stabil adj. stable, firm, standing; (de duratd) durable, lasting; (permanent) permanent; (despre preturi) fixed, steady stabili v.t. 1. to set; to establish 2. (pretiil, data etc.) to settle, to fix, to state; (o data, o sarcind) to assign; (nn termen) to appoint; {reguli, principii) to lay down 3. (titrul unui metal pretios) to assay ~ cauza - to ascertain the cause of ~ conditii - to stipulate conditions/ terms ~ daune - to assess/to lay damages ~ o ora - to appoint an hour ~ ritmul de munca - to set the pace stabilire s.f. 1. setting; (a pretului, a datei) settlement, fixing; (a unei date, a unei sarcini) assignment; (a unui termen) appointment 2. (a titrului unui metal pretios) assay

a costului de productie al produsului - product costing ~ a nivelurilor de salarizare - setting of wage levels ~ a obiectivelor - goal setting - a politicii - policy formation ~ a pretului - pricing ~ a pretului de cost - costing; (in mtrcprifiderile profilai.e pe un singw tip de mafia) sing!e (output) costing - a pretuiui de cost marginal -marginal costing

Documents

26181189 Dictionar Economic Roman Englez Roman

Text of 26181189 Dictionar Economic Roman Englez Roman