27319037 Bai 1 CacKhaiNiemCoBan

7/29/2019 27319037 Bai 1 CacKhaiNiemCoBan

1/26

Cc khi nim c bn v mngThs. Vn Thin Hong


2/26

2

Ni dung

Mng my tnh

Kin trc phn tng ca mng Cc ng dng Client/Server


3/26

Mng

my

tnh

Backbone ISPISP ISP


4/26

Mng

my

tnh

Host A

Host BHost E

Host D

Host C

Node 1

Node 2

Node 3

Node 4

Node 5

Node 6 Node 7


5/26

Mng

my

tnh

Host A

Host BHost E

Host D

Host C

Node 1

Node 2

Node 3

Node 4

Node 5

Node 6 Node 7

Vn : bin i tn hiu s sang tn hiu tng t, trnh xung t gia cc gi tin(phn

bit

cc

gi

tin), pht

hin v kim tra li gi tin,nh tuyn gi tin i ti

ch,

...

Mng rt phc tp!Phn cng: host,node, cc thit bkt ni

Phn mm: ngdng, giao thc..


6/26

M

hnh

OSI

OSI

Cung cp dch v g? Giao din - lm th no s dng dch v Giao thc dch v c ci t nh th no?

ng

dng

Vn chuyn

Mng

Lin

kt

Vt l

Mng

Lin

kt

Vt lPhng tin vt l

Trnh

by

Phin

ng

dng

Vn chuyn

Mng

Lin

kt

Vt l

Trnh

by

Phin

OSI: Phc tp


7/26

M

hnh

Intenet(TCP/IP)

TCP/IP

ng

dng

Vn chuynMng

Lin

kt

Vt l

Phng tin vt l

ng

dng

Vn chuynMng

Lin

kt

Vt l

Mng

Lin

kt

Vt l


8/26

V

d


9/269

V

d: biu din giao tip logic

applicationtransportnetwork

linkphysical


link

physical applicationtransportnetwork

link

physical


link

physical

networklink

physical

data

data

data

transport

transport

ack


10/2610

V

d: biu din giao tip vt l

applicationtransport

networklinkphysical


link

physical applicationtransportnetwork

link

physical


link

physical

network

linkphysical

data

data


11/2611

V

d: d

liu v giao thc

Mi tng ly d liu t tng trn Thm thng tin header cho mi n v d liu Gi d liu mi ti tng di


12/2612

Kin trc ng

h

ct

(TCP/IP)

IP

Ethernet FDDIWireless

TCP UDP

Telnet Email FTP WWW


13/2613

IPv4


14/26

a ch

IPv4

Lp Cu trc

a ch IP

Format S

bit

mng/s

bit host

Tng

s

mng/lpTng

s

host/mngVng

a

ch IP

A 0|netid|hostid

N.H.H.H 7/24 27-2=126 224-

2=17.777.2141.0.0.1-

126.0.0.0B 1|0|

netid|hostidN.N.H.H 14/16 214-2=16382 216-2=65.643 128.1.0.0-

191.254.0.0

C 1|1|0|netid|hostid

N.N.N.H 22/8 222-

2=419430228-2=245 192.0.1.0-

223.255.254. 0D 1|1|1|0|

a chMulticast

- - - - 224.0.0.0-

239.255.255. 255E 1|1|1|1 - - - - 240.0.0.0-

254.255.255. 255Loopback - - - - - 127.x.x.x


15/2615

TCP

Source port Destination portSequence Number

Acknowledge Number

Offset Reserved Flags WindowChecksum Urgent pointer

Options Padding

Start of Data

Host A

Hello

Host B

Iamrea

dy

DATA

ACK


16/26

TCP

Trng M

t

source port S

hiu cng

ca ngun

destination port S

hiu cng

chSequence Number S

th

t

c to ra bi ngun

Acknowledge Number Cho

bit d

liu

c nhn

thnh

cng.Data offset Cc

chi tit v

ni d

liu gi tin bt

u

Reserved D

phngFlags ch

ra

rng

gi

tin cui cng hoc

gi

khNn cp

Window ch ra kch thc ca vng m nhn.Checksum xc

nh

xem

gi

tin c

b

hng

khngUrgent Pointer thng

bo

cho

pha

nhn bit c d

liu khNn

Options vng d

phng cho vic thi

t l

p trong t

ng laiPadding ch

ra

rng

d

liu kt

thc

trong

vng

32 bit.


17/2617

UDP

Dch v khng kt ni Khng cung cp: thit lp kt ni, tin cy, iu khin dng, thi

gian, Ti sao s dng UDP?


18/26

UDP

Nhc im Cc thng ip c th c nhn theo bt k th t no. Khng c g m bo l cc gi tin s n ch

u im: UDP mt giao thc c tc truyn tin nhanh Truyn tin unicast, broadcast v multicast.

Kiu truyn Mt thng ip unicast c gi t nt ny ti nt khc. Truyn tin broadcast ngha l mt thng ip c th c

gi ti tt c cc nt trong mt mng. Multicast cho php cc thng ip c truyn ti mt

nhm cc nt

c l

a chn.


19/26

S

hiu cng

TCP/UDP

C 3 loi (netstat a)

s hiu cng h thng (0-1023). Cc giao thcni ting c cc s hiu cng nm trong khongny.

Cc s hiu cng ngi dng (1024-49151). Ccng dng server ca bn s nhn mt trong ccs ny lm cng, hoc bn c th ng k shiu cng vi IANA .

Cc s hiu cng ring v ng


20/26

20

DNS: Domain Name System

Chc nng nh x (tn min, dch

v) sang gi tr, v d,,

(www.cs.yale.edu, Addr)-> 128.36.229.30

(cs.yale.edu, Email)-> netra.cs.yale.edu

(netra.cs.yale.edu,Addr)-> 128.36.229.21

Ti sao phi dng tnthay cho a ch IP?

routersDNS

Tn

min, dch

v,

a ch

servers

clients


21/26

21

DNS: Domain Name System

Lc tn min (IANA) Nslookup (Domain/IP)

Ipconfig (DNS)


22/26

22

Qun l tn min

A distributed database managed by authoritative name servers Mi nhm tn (Zone) c mt server chng thc tn Mi Zone c y quyn chng thc mt tp tn min.

Mt Zone


23/26

23

Nhm

Zone gc v Server 13 servers qun l zone gc trn ton cu


24/26

24

Lin

kt gia

cc

sever DNS

Mi server bit a ch server gc.

Mi server gc bit

a ch chnh n v

a ch nodecon trc tip

Tn

mim cp cao


25/26

25

V d xc nh tn min


26/26

Bi

tp

Tm hiu cc giao thc tng ng dng

HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP3 Cho bit ni dung giao thc (khun dng) giaotip qua li gia client/server

Ly v d minh ha V hnh minh ha

Tm ti liu trn mng: www.google.com

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27319037 Bai 1 CacKhaiNiemCoBan