The Occupational Safety and Health Council 20th Anniversary Reception綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

This year is the 20th anniversary

of the Occupational Safety and Health

Council. To memorize this important

date and express gratitude to the

working partners who have cooperated

with and supported OSHC thoughout

t h e ye a r s , t h e O S H C h e l d ‘ t h e

Occupational Safety and Health Council

20th Anniversary Cocktail Reception’

on 9 September 2008 at the Hong Kong

Convention and Exhibition Centre .

The prizes for the ‘Student Workplace

Safety Stamp Design Competition’ and

the ‘Occupational Safety and Health

Photo Competition’, which were held

concurrently.

On the day of the reception, Mr

Henry Tang Ying Yen, GBS, JP, Chief

Secretary for Administration of the

Government of the Hong Kong SAR

was invited as an officiating guest. Mr

Matthew Cheung Kin Chung, GBS, JP,

Secretary for Labour and Welfare and

Mrs Cherry Tse, JP, Commissioner for

Labour were also among the guests.

Mr Henry Tang proposed a toast, and

wished for a better economy and

prosperous business environment for

Hong Kong. He also wished for further

improvements to the performance of

occupational safety and health in Hong

Kong and strike for a zero accident

rate, and every worker in Hong Kong

could be able to work happily and live

healthily.

Mr Lee Kai Ming, SBS, JP, Chairman

of the Occupational Safety and Health

Council said in his speech that ‘The

work of the OSHC keeps abreast

with the t imes, and tr ies its best

to improve the OSH performance

of high risk industries. During this

period, the experience of advanced

countries was introduced to assist

corporations in their development of

safety management systems. With the

improvement in Hong Kong’s standard

of Occupational Safety and Health in

recent years, the Occupational Safety

and Health Council began to advocate

a ‘people-based’ occupational safety

and health culture to the sectors, and

assisted dif ferent industries in the

development of their Occupational

Safety and Health system, promoting

a culture of safety amongst different

societal levels and family members,

incorporating it into daily life.’

Mr Matthew Cheung Kin Chung,

GBS, JP, Secretary for Labour and

Welfare said ‘the Occupational Safety

and Health Council has been working

closely with the government. With 20

years of hard work, the Occupational

Safety and Health Council achieved

good results in various areas, and

b r o u g h t c l e a r a n d c o n t i n u o u s

improvements to the OSH standard of

Hong Kong. The number of industrial

accident cases and accident rate per

1000 in the construction industry has

decreased by 84.5% and 75.6% when

compared to 1998’s figures. This is an

encouraging result, but one should not

be satisfied. As employers, employees

and society suffer terrific losses from

勞工及福利局局長張建宗，GBS，太平紳士表示，職安局過去廿載的耕耘，多方面的工作都取得美滿成果。Mr Matthew Cheung Kin Chung, GBS, JP, Secretary for Labour and Welfare says that after 20 years of cultivation, OSHC has obtained satisfactory result in various aspects.

政務司司長唐英年，GBS，太平紳士頒發「全港實踐職安健攝影比賽」青少年組冠軍獎項。Mr Henry Tang Ying Yen, GBS, JP, Chief Secretary for Administration, presents the prize to the Champion of the ‘Occupational Safety and Health Photo Competition (Youth Category)’.

The Occupational Safety and Health Council 20th Anniversary Reception綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

industrial accidents, efforts to reduce

industria l accidents to a minimum

should continue.’ He also hoped that

the Occupational Safety and Health

Counci l would work more closely

with the government in future , to

bring a safer and healthier working

environment to all Hong Kong citizens.

Most attendees praised the work

that the OSHC done in the past 20

years. Mr Lawrence Ho, Consultant,

L aw re n c e H o C o n s u l t a n c y, w h o

provides consultat ion ser v ices on

fire, safety, health and environmental

protect ion, sa id ‘ the Occupat ional

Safety and Health Council performed

s p l e n d i d l y i n t h e p ro m o t i o n o f

occupational safety and health. Let’s

take the ‘Occupational Safety and Health

Ambassador Programme’ as an example.

Through the recruitment and training

of enthusiastic persons as Occupational

Safety and Health Ambassadors who

would then set a good example to their

friends, the overall OSH standard of

Hong Kong can be enhanced.’ Mr Wan

Wai Chiu, Deputy Secretary of the

Government Electrical & Mechanical

Works Supervisors, and the Craftsmen

& Workmen Association also thought

that the Occupat iona l Sa fety and

Health Council has done a great deal

to enhance the health and sa fety

knowledge of workers. He said the

Council had promoted the awareness

of occupational safety and health among

the working population in Hong Kong.

Nowadays, the concept of occupational

safety and health had widely been

accepted. This demonstrated that the

effectiveness of Council ’s work. In

addition, Mr Li Chi Wing, Sales Manager

of the Ming Pao Newspaper Limited

thought that the seminars held by the

Occupational Safety and Health Council

can not only enrich the knowledge

of occupational safety and health of

the participants, but also provide a

platform for knowledge exchange. This

would allow exchanges of the latest

information on occupational safety

and health with overseas persons and

organizations, which in turn would help

to improve the OSH standard of Hong

Kong.

In such a joyful atmosphere, the

champion and runners-up awards of the

‘Student Workplace Safety Stamp Design

Competition’ and the ‘Occupational

Safety and Health Photo Competition’,

held on the 20th Anniversary of OSHC,

were presented. The family members

of most award winners were present

at the award presentation ceremony,

making the scene a cheerful one. The

two competitions were well received

with 266 entries for the ‘Occupational

Safety and Health Photo Competition’.

The theme of the Competition is ‘Care

for Life, Care for Safety and Health’.

For the ‘Pupil Workplace Safety Stamp

Design Competition’, which was held to

give children a chance to bring the OSH

message to their family members in

order to achieve the objective of ‘Work

for Safety and Health, Care for Family’,

1218 entries were received.

返回目錄

眾嘉賓向在場人士祝酒。The guests proposing a toast to the participants.

政務司司長唐英年，GBS，太平紳士頒發「小學生職安家庭郵票設計比賽」冠軍獎項。Mr Henry Tang Ying Yen, GBS, JP, Chief Secretary for Administration, presents the prize to the Champion of the ‘Student Workplace Safety Stamp Design Competition’.

29 short-listed projects sharing their practical and strategic experiences of their implementation of occupational sa fety and health through dramas and performances, all of whom were competing for the prize and honour of the ‘Best Performance Award’.

There were a total of 7 awards in this year’s Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Award. Of the 7 awards, the ‘Catering SMEs Sponsorship

Scheme OSH Award’ was newly added to meet the present development of occupational safety and health. It encourages members of the catering industry to improve personal protective equipment as well as develop a safe and healthy working environment for their employees so as to reduce the occurrence of accidents.

The ‘Safety Enhancement Program Award’ recognizes those organizations with outstand ing ach ievements in developing special ized occupational s a f e t y a n d h e a l t h e n h a n c e m e n t programmes to reduce safety and health risks. For example, the Gold Award winner, CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd’s project ‘Participation Model for Construction Safety Excellence’. In 2006 CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd developed a co l l abora t i ve re l a t ionsh ip w i th their contractors, and jointly set up a ‘Safety Initiative Taskforce’ to enhance the exchange of information and co-operation, formulate safety measures

‘7th Hong Kong Occupat ional Safety and Health Award Forum and Award Presentation Ceremony’, was success fu l ly held on 9 September 2008 at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre. The event was jointly organized by the Occupational Safety and Health Council, the Labour Depar tment and 11 organizat ions including trade unions, labour unions etc. This important OSH event is held annually to recognize companies and workers with outstanding performances in occupational safety and health, as well as to provide a platform from which members from various sectors can share their experiences of practical and s t r a teg i c imp lementa t ion to encourage cross-industry learning and thus enhance the overall OSH standard in Hong Kong. With support from the sector and improved awareness on the importance of occupational safety and health to corporate development, the participation rate is increasing. This year, the award attracted 230 entries from 120 companies including construction companies, which is the largest participation since the inception of the event. The variety of industries participating in the event has also been increasing. Apart from construction and catering industries, there were also organizations from the property management industry, the medical and social welfare industry and the banking industry taking par t in the event. There were representatives from the

which can be implemented in the contractor’s work sites, and advocacy plans on safety to be mutually adopted, in order to achieve the ultimate goal of ‘zero accidents’ and ‘Total Safety Culture’ gradually.

The next award was the ‘Safety Promotion Award’. The representatives from the short-l isted organizations shared their experience on how to achieve the goal of enhancing the standard of occupational safety and health through their implementation of the organization’s publicity and promotional events, including idea generation and event arrangement when the promotion format, allocation of resources and the effectiveness of the event. The Gold Award winner, the Kowloon West Cluster of the Hospital Authority’s project, ‘A Safer Place to Work – Safety Culture Promotion in 7 Hospitals’, aims at the promotion of the safe use of chemical substances. The Hospital Authority enhanced employee knowledge of chemical substances and ensured that every department developed an effective safety working system, through a series of promotional measures such as setting up a Chemical Safety Working Group, conduction of a safety patrol, drill training on chemical leakage and the introduction of an on-line learning system.

For t he ‘ S a f e t y Managemen t System Award (Construction)’, the Gold Award went to Shui On Construction & Materials Ltd. Shui On Construction & Materials Ltd developed a safety management system in the early 80s. Through the years, it has gradually combined the OHSAS 18001 and the 14 elements of safety management regulations. Recently, it has further included the elements of housekeeping, self-cultivation of worker behaviour and corporate social responsibil ity, making its safety management system more suitable for the actual situation,

「安全改善項目大獎」金獎﹕中華電力有限公司－夥伴協作，安全超卓。‘Safety Enhancement Program Award’ Gold Award: CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd – Participation Model for Construction Safety Excellence.

「香港保險業聯會職安健大獎」金獎：香港電燈有限公司。‘The Hong Kong Federation of Insurers Award for Excellence in OSH’ Gold Award: The Hongkong Electric Co Ltd.

7th Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Award Forum and Award Presentation Ceremony綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

employees. In addition, the nursing staff would keep in close contact with injured employees to have a better knowledge o f the ir s i tuat ion and rehabilitation status in order to make respective arrangements to facilitate their working resumption, and provide suitable counselling support to them.

The Gold Award of the ‘OSH Annual Report Award’ went to ‘Swire Properties Management Ltd’. In their annual report last year, the Swire Properties clearly listed their promise and performance on occupational safety and health, as well as environmental protection. The company also stated the contribution of their establishment of the Swire Properties Community Ambassador Programme to the society. Moreover, after receiving feedbacks from benef i t re lated persons , the company has enriched the content and enhanced the transparency of the annual report. Now the company is planning to further improve the presentation format, and may take the Sustainability Reporting Guidelines G3 by the Global Reporting Initiative as reference.

The ‘Safety Performance Award’ recognizes those organizations that c an demons t r a t e an ou t s t and i n g p e r f o r m a n c e i n O S H i n t h e i r industries, was divided into 3 groups: ‘construction’, ‘others’, and ‘small and medium enterprises (SMEs)’ . All of them had achieved good safety records for past 3 years. The newly introduced

which helps to promote and develop the safety culture. In addition, the Gold Award of ‘Safety Management System Award (Others)’ went to Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Welfare Council. The council adopts a safety management system, which integrates the elements o f O c c u p a t i o n a l S a f e t y, Q u a l i t y Management Systems and Hygiene Management Systems. The 3 elements are closely related to one and other. The council will also keep on track and make adjustments to the system with reference to the actual situation to achieve the goal of providing quality service, as well as a safe and healthy working environment for employees, and thus reducing the occurrence of accidents.

‘ The Hong Kong Fede r a t i on of Insurers Award for Excellence in OSH’ recognizes the enormous effort paid by organizations to avoid the occurrence of occupational injuries and occupational diseases, and assist occupationally injured employees to go back to their position of work. All the short-listed organizations have a mutual bel ief that employees are valuable human resources of the organization, thus a comprehensive rehabilitation plan was developed. The Gold Award winner, the ‘Occupational Rehabilitation Programme for Caring of Employees’ of the Hongkong Electric Co Ltd sets a good example. Hongkong Electric Co Ltd provides gratuitous medical and health nursery treatments for injured

‘Catering SMEs Sponsorship Scheme OSH Award’ was also well received. A total of 32 entries were received to compete for the award. The Gold Award went to King Bakery Catering (HK) Ltd, which runs fast food shops, canteens, restaurants and bakeries. The main reason for the company’s win is that it had introduced advanced safety machinery, and provided excellent work places for employees through a series of measures such as the adaptation of the 5S pr inc ip les and Hygiene Control System as the management standard. The company also carries out promotion and education, as well as participating in competitions, to provide

accurate and positive OSH messages to all of its employees.

Every year, the short-listed teams use many interest ing performance methods, to share their company’s experience in carrying out their policy and measures on occupational safety and health with the audience. This year’s performances were no exception. This year is the year of the Beijing Olympics and many participating organizations incorporated the idea of the Olympics into their creative ideas. CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd presented the idea of ‘ interdependent safety culture’ , through a play about a member from management of the company taking a patrol to the construction site, and caring for the workers. The play was

「職安健年報大獎」金獎：太古地產管理有限公司。‘OSH Annual Report Award’ Gold Award: Swire Properties Management Ltd.

「宣傳推廣大獎」金獎：醫院管理局九龍西聯網－創建互動安全文化。‘Safety Promotion Award’ Gold Award: Kowloon West Cluster of Hospital Authority – A Safer Place to Work.

「安全管理制度大獎－其他行業組」金獎：香港聖公會福利協會。‘Safety Management System Award – Others’ Gold Award: Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Welfare Council.

7th Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Award Forum and Award Presentation Ceremony綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

主題4：環境對自然環境的影響來自機構耗用

能源及自然資源、產生污染及廢物、

和產品及服務對自然棲息的衝擊。涉及

的議題有：

1. 預防污染 － 識別污染及廢物，量

度、記錄及報告污染源頭，採取

控制措施（例如減少廢物原則），

公布所使用原料的危害種類及數

量，實施識別及預防使用禁用物

料的制度。

2. 可持續地使用資源 － 識別能源、

水及原料來源，量度、記錄及報

告它們的使用，採取資源效能措

施（例如節約措施），尋求取代非

再生能源的可行機會，管理水源

以達至在同一分水嶺內公平享用。

3. 緩和及適應氣候變化 － 識別溫室

氣體排放源頭，量度、記錄及報

告溫室氣體排放，採取減排措施，

減少依賴石化燃料，預防溫室氣

體排放，不能預防的便考慮二氧

化碳儲藏或中和措施，考慮排污

交易；評估、避免或減少氣候變

化的不良影響，在土地計劃、分

區、基建設計及維修中考慮氣候

變化，發展及共享農業、工業、

醫療及其他保障健康的科技。

4. 保護及恢復自然環境 － 評估、避

免或減少對生態系統及生物多樣

社會責任標準ISO 26000綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

權同謀的評估及預防，不論是擔

當指使、協助或容忍的角色。

4. 不可歧視弱勢社群 － 指種族、膚

色、性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、政

見、性取向、愛滋病帶病毒╱病

患等。

5. 處理申斥 － 遵守公平、公正及公

開原則。

6. 保障民事及政治權利 － 包括言論

及表達自由、集會及結社自由、

資訊的收集及傳授、內部紀律程

序前的公平聆訊、紀律處罰不能

包括體罰、不人道或侮辱處置。

7. 保障經濟、社會及文化權利 － 包

括教育、維持身心健康的生活標

準（衣、食、住、醫療）、社會保

障（失業、疾病、孤寡、老年）。

8. 保障基本工作權利 － 指組織工會

及集體談判自由、消除強迫或強

制勞工、停止童工、消除招聘及

待遇歧視。

主題3：勞工準則勞工準則是指機構內的工作及為

其機構的工作（包括分判商）的所有政

策及準則。相關的議題有：

1. 促進就業及僱傭關係 － 確保工友

是合法員工或自僱人士，盡量避

免聘用散工，盡量減輕營運轉變

（例如關閉廠房）對員工的不利影

響，消除歧視，勿作隨意或懲罰

性解僱，只分判給合法的機構，

不從合作夥伴、分判商或供應商

的不正當勞工準則中得益，在國

際營運中以僱傭、行業發展、當

地國民的推廣及改進為優先。

2. 照顧工作條件及社會保障 － 確保

工作條件合法及不低於國際勞工

標準，提供合法協議內其他更高

的待遇，確保合宜的工作條件（有

關工資、工時、每週假期、職安

健、分娩保障），直接發放工資，

尊重正常或協定的工時，作出符

合法例的超時補償。

3. 保持社會對話 － 明白社會對話的

重要性，參與工友組織的活動，不

反對或阻止工友組織工會或集體談

判，不辭去或歧視相關工友，讓工

友代表接觸決策人士、工作場所及

資料，不鼓勵政府限制國際公認結

社及集體談判自由的實施。

4. 顧全工作安全及健康 － 識別及控

制職安健風險，調查職業意外、

疾病及工友提出的問題，應用職

業衛生的原則，明日社會心理危

害引至工作壓力及不適，訂立職

安健政策，提供訓練，尊重職安

健措施不應由工友支付，採納有

員工參與的職安健制度。

5. 參與人類發展 － 提供公平的技

術發展及受訓機會，尊重工友的

家庭責任（例如提供托兒服務），

落實沒有歧視的招聘、甄選、受

訓、升職及離職，保障及促進弱

勢社群的積極行動，改善青年失

業及婦女就業不足計劃的參與，

建立勞資雙方的計劃。

3. 支持可持續消費 － 提供對社

會、環境有益及有效率的產品及

服務，消減它們對健康及環境的

不良影響，以顧及身體健康的方

法飼養動物，設計產品以方便重

用、維修或回收，減省包裝物料

及提供回收服務以減少廢物，向

消費者提供重用、維修或回收的

指示，使消費者能夠可持續消費

（例如提供耗電資料、貼上節能標

籤），採用「全民設計」原則方便所

有消費者（例如弱視人士）。

4. 提供消費者服務、支援及糾紛排

解 － 採取預防投訴措施（例如設

立退換期限），檢討投訴，提供比

法定為長的保用期，清晰交待售

後服務、支援及投訴途徑，提供

充足及有效的支援及建議制度，

提供收費合理的保養維修，利用

按國家或國際準則的另類仲裁及

衝突排解程序。

5. 保護消費者資料及私隱 － 只收集

必須的資料，表明收集用途，不

披露或作其他用途使用，容許消

費者知曉機構是否存有其個人資

料及提出刪除申請，公開相關的

政策、程序及發展。

6. 保障享用服務權 － 不隨意因沒收

社會責任標準ISO 26000綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

化的不良影響，盡量運用市場機

制內化環境負荷的成本，先致力

保存繼而恢復生態系統，考慮促

進保育及持續使用的綜合管理策

略，採取措施以保存獨特或瀕危

物種，採用可持續發展、設計、

漁農林木業及營運準則，在拓展

及發展時考慮自然保護，避免使

物種消失或引入外來具侵略性物

種的做法。

主題5：公平營運活動公平營運活動是指機構怎樣運用

關係，影響其他機構以促進正面結果。

相關的議題有：

1. 反貪污 － 實施及改進防止貪污政

策及做法，支持員工及代理商杜

絕貪污，訓練及提高他們的意識，

確保他們有相稱的待遇及進步獎

勵，鼓勵他們舉報涉嫌貪污事件，

向有關當局舉報有刑事成分的案

件，影響其他人採取相同做法。

2. 參與政治 － 訓練及提高員工及

代理商參與及支持政治活動的意

識，對有關業務活動的政治游說

及政治捐獻持透明態度，訂立政

策及指引以控制機構代表，不可

作出過分政治捐獻以避控制政策

制定者之嫌，避免涉及誤述、誤

導、恐嚇或強迫的政治游說。

3. 公平競爭 － 進行符合競爭法的活

動，制定避免介入或同謀共犯反

競爭行為的程序，提高員工的意

識，支持相關的公共政策（包括反

傾銷）。

4. 在勢力範圍推廣社會責任 － 在

採購、分發及分判政策內包含道

德、社會、環境、職安健及性別

平等準則，鼓勵其他機構採取相

同做法，調查及監察有關係機構

的活動不會影響本機構對社會責

任的承諾，提高此等機構對社會

責任的認識，在價值鏈推廣公平

分擔社會責任的成本及得益。

5. 尊重產權 － 實施尊重產權的政

策及做法，調查以確定有合法擁

有權去使用或棄置資產，不介入

有違產權法的行為（例如假冒、盜

用、侵害消費者權益），支付合理

購置或使用費用。

主題6：消費者問題機構對享用其產品及服務的消費

者有責任，涉及的議題有：

1. 實行公平營銷、資訊及合約做法

－ 不介入欺騙、誤導、虛假或不

公平的做法，在推廣資訊清晰標

明推廣性質，披露明碼實價、稅

項、條款、送貨費用等資料，處

理索償時提供資料，避免採用模

式化的形象（例如性別、種族），

提供完整、正確、易懂及可比較

的資料，使用公平、清晰、具有

充足價格、條款及收費資料的合

約（例如沒有免負責、單方面更改

價格及條件）。

2. 保障消費者安全及健康 － 提供對

消費者、他們的產業、其他人及

環境安全的產品及服務，評定相

關法規、標準及規格是否充足，

從產品設計減少風險，避免使用

致癌、有毒或有害的物料，事前

評估對人體健康的風險，以圖像

及文字提供必要的資料，指示正

常及可預期的用法，採納因誤用

及誤用而出現事故的預防措施，

從批發、零售及消費者回收有問

題的產品。

社會責任標準ISO 26000綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

到費用便終止服務（例如涉及水、

電、燃氣的必要服務），不因一群

消費者沒繳款而終止整個地區的

服務，在縮減或暫停服務時避免

歧視個別消費群。

7. 教育及提高意識 － 教育及提高消

費者意識的範疇包括：安全及健

康（產品危害）、相關法規（例如申

斥及消費者權益）、產品標籤、環

保、節約用水電、可持續消費、

包裝及產品棄置。

主題7：社區參與及發展這主題涉及機構與同區其他機構

及組織的關係，以及提高該區生活水準

的發展，相關的議題有：

1. 參與社區 － 參與地區組織（例如

安全社區），為政治程序貢獻，進

行提高守法活動，保持與官員廉

潔的關係。

2. 投資社區 － 作基建及活動投資，

以機構強項能力為主，社區投資

不減少其他社區行動（例如資助、

捐款、義工），推廣可持續社區投

資項目，計劃社會投資時考慮促

進社區發展（例如在本區採購），

考慮配合地區及國家政策，避免

使社區長期依賴機構的樂善好

施，評論現有的社區方案及作出

建設性建議。

3. 創造就業 － 決定投資、科技選擇

及外判時考慮帶來的就業影響。

4. 發展科技 － 考慮與當地大學及研

究院作科研合作，盡量容許科技

轉移及科技擴散。

5. 幫助增加財富及收入 － 優先考慮

本地供應商，只與合法供應商合

作，鼓勵及協助非正式機構成為

正式機構，盡量使用可持續天然

資源以幫助消滅貧窮，事前徵得

本地社區同意才開發天然資源，

為弱勢社群改善活動作出貢獻，

支持社區企業，盡量發展具潛質

的本地知識及技術，履行稅務

責任。

6. 推廣教育及文化 － 推廣文化活

動，尊重本地文化及習俗，協助

保存文化傳統，推廣本土知識系

統的使用，支持各級教育及消除

文盲，鼓勵兒童接受正式教育。

7. 推廣健康 － 推廣健康生活，提高

主要疾病的預防意識，支持基本

保健服務、清潔食水及合適廁所

的提供，消減機構產品或服務的

負面健康影響。

8. 盡責任投資 － 在投資分析及決策

時融入經濟、環境、社會及管治

議題，並合適地發放有關資訊，

發展及公布符合社會責任的管治

政策，參與其他機構的相關議題

以期望改善它們的社會責任表

現，盡量在投資決定時增加對社

會、文化及經濟的貢獻。

企業定期發布社會責任表現

為了增加透明度及向利益關係者（尤其是在發達國家的消費者）交代，有些機構採取第三者認證及重新認證方法，例如選擇美國Social

Accountability 8000 (SA8000)等相關國際標準。為了量度以持續監察表現及

認識國際標準化組織(ISO)I n terna t iona l Organ i za t ion for

Standardization (ISO)是 一 個 由 國

家標準組織組成的國際聯盟，其工

作便是要制定國際標準。國際標準

的編撰是由ISO技術委員會執行，

委員來自成立了相應技術委員會的

會員機構、國際組織、政府及非

政治組織。至於與機電相關的標

準，ISO便經常與國際電工技術委

員會 (International Electrotechnical

Commission, IEC) 保持緊密合作。

作為標準借鑒，另一些機構（例如公共事業）則在年報或在專門的報告中發表社會責任的表現。報告的格式，可參考相關國際標準，例如荷蘭Global

Reporting Initiative 的報告指引。

社會責任是未來趨勢ISO 26000標準所描述的社會責

任，都是一些合乎道德良心的操守，以及為己為人的行為，個人與機構都應該在身處的社區內遵行。對從事跨國事業的企業機構而言，更應該盡力保障人權及勞工福利，協助消滅貧窮和文盲，發展當地社會，令全球社會更趨於和諧及平等。據一項2007年的全球調查指出，近7成的受訪商界領袖講述他們以社會責任活動尋求創造商機，其中過半數發現這些活動令他們優勝於重要對手。將「取之於民，用之於民」和「君子愛財，取之有道」的道理化成商業做法，既可取亦是全球的趨勢。

職安局將於11月27日舉辦「企業在

職安健社會責任研討會」邀請本地企業

家分享經驗，報名及查詢 2116 5700李

瑢小姐。

返回目錄

為了減 少員工受傷的機會，在處理體力操作時，機構負責人要為員工提供適當的用具或輔助器材，制訂工作指引、守則和程序，並提供適當的安全訓練，確保員工懂得使用該用具或輔助器材，以及明白有關的職業安全健康 資料。

暴力事故在工作中，發生暴力事故會令員

工缺乏安全感，擔心身體受到傷害，從而影響工作進度及表現。而「暴力事故」是指任何受僱人士在工作時，受到他人的辱罵、恐嚇、威脅，甚至身體受到攻擊的事件。其實很多從事社會福利的工作者，例如社工、護士、外展工作人士、護理員及其他的前線工作員工，都有機會單獨去看顧有需要的人士或執行任務，沒有其他人的照應和支援的情況下，令暴力者有機可乘。發生暴力事故的原因，通常是由於暴力者的不滿和不安情緒受到外界的刺激如言語及行為等等。此外，暴力者亦可能會因為個人及精神問題或受藥物的影響下，令他們的情緒較容易起伏不定，以致觸發不同的暴力行為。如員工未受過有關訓練，未必有足夠能力應付突發的事件。

為預防及控制暴力事故，僱主應定期為有關工作進行全面的風險評估，找出潛在的危險及暴力事件發生的可能性，並制訂措施來減低員工受傷的機會。在未發生暴力事件之前，機構應按風險評估結果作出跟進，使他們可以防止暴力行為的發生及蔓延的方法，以及處理憤怒的方法和化解衝突之技巧。另外，機構亦應設立突發事件的應變程序及指引，務求員工可迅速及恰當地處理

工作間暴力事件。機構可為員工提供訓練，教導如何識別有暴力傾向的人士、暴力者施暴前的表徵及自我保謢的技巧及逃生方法等，有助員工能夠採取即時及安全的行動，避免爆發暴力事件及減低自己及他人受傷的機會。

工作壓力為了更有效控制開支，

福利機構可能會因減少人手，引致員工的工作量增加。由於員工經常要在不充足時間內完成所需工作，以致長期缺乏足夠休息時間，令他們常處於緊張及疲倦的精神狀態，因此，容易產生工作壓力問題，並影響健康。而工作壓力對員工的健康、生活、甚至機構均有負面影響，所以僱主和僱員應加強溝通，商討合理的工作量及安排適當休息時間。而僱員亦可尋找鬆弛及減壓的方法，例如做適量的運動和消閒活動，以及向家人及朋友傾訴，如有需要，亦可向專業人士尋求協助。適當的處理方法可大大減低因壓力所帶來的影響，及增加個人應付壓力的能力。

天氣因素 有些福利機構的員

工，例如護士、護理員、送飯員及社工，他們需要經常於戶外或前往不同的地方工作，而天氣的情況也會對其工作安全構成影響，因此，機構應與員工一起制訂有關颱風信號及惡劣天氣警告下的工作安排及應變措施。

颱風信號及暴雨警告：外展或外勤工作員工須清楚了解及遵守惡劣天氣情況下的工作程序及安排。

酷熱警告：在炎熱及濕度高的天氣下進行户外工作，很容易會引致中暑。因此，從事外展或外勤工作的員工，應認識中暑的症狀，例如會感到非常口渴、四肢乏力、噁心、頭痛、暈眩、面色蒼白和脈膊急速而微弱等，以及有關的處理辦法，以便能夠及早安排適當的處理方法。此外，有關員工亦應帶備足夠的飲用水或其

他補充體力的飲料，以補充身體流失的水分。

預防被狗隻咬傷由於曾經發生外展或外勤工作人

員被狗咬的事件，因此，福利機構應制訂有關預防被狗隻咬傷的工作指引，及提供相關的訓練課程，以提升員工對狗隻行為表現的認識，及學習預防和解困的辦法，避免工作時受到狗隻的傷害。

道路安全道路安全對一些需要外展或外勤

工作的人員亦是非常重要。他們可能會自行駕駛運輸工具、使用公共交通工具或步行至工作目的地，當中會有不同的潛在危險，因此，有關機構需提供適當的指引及資訊，而員工也必須跟從及了解有關的指引。

如自行駕駛運輸工具，必須領有有效駕駛執照並依從駕駛者道路安全守則

開車前，必須檢查機件操作正常及安全，方可使用

小心駕駛及留意交通和道路情况，確保自己及其他道路使用者的安全

如使用公共交通工具，必須遵守乘客安全守則

在過馬路時，要留意路面的情況，並應使用過路設施，例如行人天橋、行人隧道、斑馬線及交通燈來過馬路

不可攀越或穿過路邊圍欄

當行人過路燈的紅色或綠色燈號正在閃動時，不要嘗試過馬路

總括來說，社福工作者於不同工種中都潛在各方面的職安健危險。縱使社福工作的傷亡個案數字遠低於建造業和飲食業等高風險行業，但社福工作者的工作安全亦不容忽視，社福機構應按個別服務的需要，加強員工的職安健訓練、推廣及教育，以提高職安健水平，從而減少每年傷亡個案的數字。

社福工作的職安健潛在危險綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

返回目錄

必須的。最常見的做法，是於入職訓練

時向員工講解一般安全守則的內容，並

於專門訓練時，講解與他們工作有關的

特定安全守則及程序。除了講解守則及

程序的內容外，於訓練時亦須向員工解

釋有關守則及程序的要求，如何能夠幫

助預防意外，與及不遵守這些要求的後

果，務求令員工明白遵守守則及程序

的重要性，繼而在工作中亦會自發地

遵照有關要求。於訓練後，機構亦須

執行評核機制，例如是測驗或實地觀

察等，以確保員工明白守則及程序的

內容。

提供諮詢渠道機構應建立諮詢渠道，讓員工對

安全守則或程序有任何疑問時，可以向

安全部門或有關人士查詢，以確保員工

了解守則或程序的要求。

提供相關意外個案資料予員

工參考如機構或行業內，不幸發生因不

不良情況 不良例子 不良後果 正確做法

內容過於簡單

或概括

「小心使用及儲存化

學品。」

員工不知道須執行的

安全措施

應具體說明須執行的安全

措施及注意事項

指示不清晰 「⋯，詳情請參閱相

關文件。」

員工不知道應參閱那

一份文件

應清楚標明參考文件的名

稱及文件編號，並確保員

工知道可從那處取得該文

件

內容過於複雜 同一項工序同時被三

份相關的安全操作程

序規管

員工未能有效掌握須

執行的安全措施

應將不同安全操作程序的

內容整合成為一份單一的

程序文件

內容不能反映

真實情況╱危

害

工場內有不同類型的

機器，但每部機器均

貼上相同的安全守則

員工不知道使用某種

機器時，應注意的安

全事項

應因應每部機器的特性及

危害編寫特定的安全守規

或程序內容

此外，守則或程序內亦可多使用

圖畫或相片，有助更清楚表達其安全要

求，及增加員工的閱讀意欲。

提供合適語言版本的安全守則

及程序現時不少機構也有聘請外籍員

工。這些來自不同國家及地區的人士，

可能並不懂得閱讀中文甚至是英文。為

確保他們能夠明白必須要注意的安全

事項，安全守則或程序應設有足夠的語

言版本，以供員工參閱。此外，某些生

產商會於機器外殼或物料容器上印有

安全注意事項。機構亦應安排將這些資

料翻譯成相關的語言版本，供使用者

參閱。

提供關於安全守則及程序內

容的培訓只將安全守則或程序交予員工，

並不能確保他們了解當中的安全要

求，故此，向他們提供相關的訓練是

遵守安全守則或程序而導致意外的事

件，機構應向員工展示有關事件的資

料，如意外調查報告或剪報等，務求令

員工意識到不遵守安全守則或程序可

引致嚴重的後果。

執行獎罰機制對遵守安全守則或程序有良好表

現的員工，機構應加以表揚以示對員

工的認同，例如在機構舉辦的活動中，

頒發獎狀甚至獎品。此舉亦有助推動及

鼓勵其他員工遵守安全守則或程序。相

反，如員工不遵守安全守則或程序，機

構應對他們作出勸喻，令員工明白遵守

守則或程序的重要性；若情況沒有得到

改善，則須考慮對他們作出警告甚至其

他形式的紀律處分。

建造業工作安全氣候指數調

查軟件此軟件由職安局製作，讓機構透

過問卷調查的方式，以評估其「工作安

全氣候指數」。此指數是所有員工對機

構的安全健康事宜的整體看法，可用以

反映機構之安全文化水平。軟件的功能

包括調查問卷設計、數據處理、結果

分析及制定初步調查報告。本局亦製作

了相關的軟件指南，詳細介紹進行調查

的注意事項、事前準備工作、如何進

行調查及分析結果等。上文所提及本局

所進行之工作安全氣候指數調查，亦是

利用此軟件進行。此軟件於職安局免

費派發，有興趣人士請致電本局熱線

2739-9000。

如何增進員工對內部安全守則及程序的認知綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

返回目錄

電腦伺服器房間的防火安全綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

警告標示及提供訓練1. 如果有持續的電力供應予電腦伺

服器房間，房間各入口必須貼上警告，說明房間中的設施持續

帶電。2. 在電腦伺服器房間工作的人員應

接受適當的訓練，其中包括警報系統的功能，按不同警報作出的應變措施，與緊急應變有關的設施以及所有滅火系統的操作，如適用的火警種類以及使用限制。

電腦伺服器房間的擴張及裝修工程

為伺服器房間進行擴張及裝修工程時，必須評估有關工程對火警探測及滅火系統的影響，有需要時應作出適當改善。

電腦伺服器房間的設施系統1. 若房間使用冷卻劑系統，當發生

冷卻劑泄漏時，該系統須發出適當警報。

2. 房間內應使用乾式或以不能燃燒物料製成的變壓器。

3. 應為房間裝設雷擊保護系統。4. 電源接線箱須為封閉式，適當固

定及接地。5. 房間內應提供緊急照明。6. 分支電路的電流容量最少須為該

分支總負載的125%。若分支電路經過地台下的空間，必須把電線收藏在堅固的管道內。

7. 房間須設有電源切斷器，並在切斷電源的同時啟動風槽的防火及防煙閘。有關控制應安裝在房間出口，並須清楚標示。

8. 不間斷供電系統 (Uninterruptible

Power Supplies, UPS)須限制在750

伏安或以下。

緊急應變及恢復程序應制訂適當的消防緊急應變計

劃、損壞控制計劃以及恢復程序計劃，並每年進行演習。

除了以上的措施之外，由於電腦伺服器房間儲存大量的重要資料，故此，房間的保安措施一般比較嚴密。但與此同時，僱主必須確保房間內有足夠的安全逃生出口及標示，讓工作人員在緊急情況下能快捷離開房間。

氣 體 充 塞 湧 滅 系 統 (Total gas flooding system)

上文提及的氣體充塞湧滅系統是電腦伺服器房間常用的滅火系統，其操作原理是當發生火警時，會釋放一些氣體，讓空氣中的氧氣量減少。在缺少氧氣的情況下，房間內的火警便會熄滅，這些系統常用的氣體包括FM-220，HCFC-124以及CO2。

氣體充塞湧滅系統的好處是能夠減低滅火時對資訊科技設備所造成的損壞，但由於釋放的氣體會令氧氣量減少，故此，會對房間內的工作人員造成窒息的危險，為確保安全，應注意以下事項：

1. 系統須設有手動模式，當員工進入房間工作時，應先把系統設定為手動，該系統便不會自動操作，危害房間內的員工。

2. 在手動模式下，若發生火警或火警警報器被啟動，房間內的員工須立即疏散，並確保沒有員工在房間內才開啟氣體充塞湧滅系統。

3. 如果沒有員工在房間內工作，應把系統轉為自動操作模式，當火警或煙霧探測器發出警報時，系統便會自動啟動滅火。在自動操

作模式下，房間門外須貼上清晰的警告及提示，提醒員工房間內有窒息的危險。

4. 應為所有需要進入房間內工作的員工，提供氣體充塞湧滅系統的操作訓練，並定期進行演習以確保員工熟悉有關程序。

總結本文簡要介紹有關電腦伺服器房

間的防火措施、氣體充塞湧滅系統以及有關的國際防火安全標準，供機構作為參考之用，藉此提升其電腦伺服器房間的防火安全。

返回目錄

系統應適當地設定自動或手動模式操作。

手動操作啟動系統

房間門外須貼上警告。

FM-220氣體充塞湧滅系統

個案分析綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

意外發生前，死者請工友為他的可攜式電鑽安排電源，其位於中

央空調機房。

9. 無人知道死者在意外發生時正在

做什麼。死者很有可能正在進行

準備工作或把玻璃纖維圍封板安

裝在中央空調機房外牆安裝電話

天線的金屬框架。他不知怎的踏

在薄木板上，而薄木板的強度不

足以支持他。然後他就連同薄木

板在內棚與外棚之間或在內棚與

樓宇外牆之間跌到7樓的斜棚上。

防止意外措施建議1. 應採取足夠的步驟防止地盤內有

任何人從高度不少於2米之處墮

下。

2. 應就高空工作提供闊度不小於400

毫米的合適工作平台。工作平台

應以木板鋪密，而每塊木板均應

構造良好，有足夠的強度，且無

明顯欠妥之處。每塊木板的闊度

不得小於200毫米而厚度不得小於

25毫米；或如該木板的厚度超逾

50毫米，則其闊度不得小於150毫

米。應穩固該木板以防止其移動。

適用法律規定1. 《建築地盤（安全）規例》第38B(1)

條──負責任何建築地盤的承建

商須採取足夠的步驟防止該地盤

內有任何人從高度不少於2米之處

墮下。

2. 《建築地盤（安全）規例》第38B(1A)

條──任何直接控制任何建築

工程的承建商須採取足夠的步驟防

止正進行該建築工程的任何地方

內有任何人從高度不少於2米之處

墮下。

IncidentA worker (the deceased) was

engaged in the installation of fibreglass boards onto a metal frame on the roof floor of a 38-storey hotel building under construction. He asked a co-worker to arrange the electricity supply for a portable drill for him. After that, he worked alone. It is believed that while the deceased was installing fibreglass enclosure boards onto a metal frame that housed a telephone antenna from the bamboo scaffold, he lost balance and fell from a height. A lift worker working in the Lift Machine Room on the 7/F of the building heard a ‘bang’ and found the deceased lying on the catch fan of the scaffold on the external wall of the Lift Machine Room. An emergency service team, comprising officers of the Fire Services Department, the Ambulance Command and the Hong Kong Police Force, were called for the rescue operation. The deceased was certified dead at the accident scene upon their arrival.

CircumstancesT h e re we re t wo t e l e p h o n e

antennae installed on the roof level of the building. Each antenna was housed inside a rectangular metal frame which was installed on the external wall of the building. Six fibreglass boards would be installed onto the metal frame as an enclosure. The deceased was the leader of a group of workers responsible for the above installation work. On the day of the accident, the deceased was working with two co-workers at the roof level. The installation of fibreglass boards onto one of the two metal frames had been completed. The group was about to instal l the f ibreglass boards onto the remaining metal frame which was installed on the external wall of the Central A/C Plant Room. Just before the accident occurred, the

deceased asked a co-worker to arrange the electricity supply for a portable drill for him. After that, the deceased and the co-worker proceeded with the work on their own. Soon after, a lift worker working in the Lift Machine Room on the 7/F of the building heard a ‘bang’. He found the deceased lying on the catch fan of the scaffolding on the external wall of the Lift Machine Room. It is believed that the deceased fell from a height from somewhere directly above while he was working from the scaffold.

Findings and observations1. Bamboo scaffolds were erected

on the external building wall to facilitate the associated works. The scaffold on the external wall of the Central A/C Plant Room was constructed in two sections. The upper section at the roof floor was a double-row scaffold while the lower section underneath the roof floor was a single-row scaffold. The lower section was connected to the upper section at its outer scaffold plane.

2. A rectangular metal frame had a lready been insta l led at the externa l wa l l o f the Centra l A/C Plant Room, directly above the location where the deceased was found lying on the catch fan on the 7/F. The frame was formed by mini I-beams, which acted as a skeleton f o r m o u n t i n g t h e f i b re g l a s s enclosure boards to enclose the telephone antenna inside.

3. As the metal frame was installed on the external wall of the Central A/C Plant Room, the fibreglass board insta l lat ion work could not be done inside the premises. The work has to be done from the bamboo scaffold outside the Central A/C Plant Room.

Case Study綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2008

返回目錄

4. No suitable working platform was

provided on the scaffold outside

the Central A/C Plant Room. Only

one 4,020 mm long, 230 mm wide,

and 28 mm thick wooden plank was

placed on the scaffold next to and

at the same level as the metal frame.

It was not possible for the worker

to complete the fibreglass board

installation work from this wooden

plank. Furthermore, this wooden

plank of 230 mm wide could not

entirely cover the 950 mm wide

void between the inner and outer

scaffold. There were also voids

between the inner scaffold plane

and the external building wall.

5. Immediate ly under the meta l

f r ame , meta l c l add ing s were

installed on the external building

wall as decoration. A number of

flimsy wooden sheets of 2 mm

thick, 910 mm wide and 1,830 mm

long were laid on top of the metal

claddings to protect them from

welding spark damage. A few pieces

of 100 mm wide, 50 mm thick and

1,000 mm long wooden batten

were placed on the flimsy wooden

sheets near where the metal frame

housing the telephone antenna was

installed. The flimsy wooden sheets

were not of adequate strength

and the wooden battens were not

of adequate width to support the

body weight of a worker. Thus,

neither the flimsy wooden sheets

nor the wooden battens were

suitable for carrying out work

from.

6. For several floors between the

metal frame at roof level and the

catch fan on which the deceased

was found l y i n g on t he 7 / F,

bloodstains were found on the

external side of the windows as

well as on some of the bamboo

ledgers . At the 21 /F l eve l , a

bloodstained ledger was found

deformed. Two f l imsy wooden

sheets, similar to those on the

roof level, were also found in the

void between the scaffold and the

external building wall on the 29/F.

7. Safety harnesses and fall arrestors

we re av a i l a b l e o n t h e s i t e .

However, the deceased did not

wear any suitable fall arresting

equ i pmen t wh i l e work i n g a t

height. Moreover, no independent

lifeline or suitable anchorage was

provided in the vicinity of where

he was working.

8. Ho l e s h ad to be d r i l l e d on

the meta l f r amework be fore

installation of fibreglass boards

could be carried on. Thus the

portable dril l was an essential

equipment for the work. Before

t h e a c c i d e n t o c c u r r e d , t h e

deceased asked his co-worker to

arrange the electricity supply for

the portable drill that was located

in the Central A/C Plant Room for

him.

9. No one knew what the deceased

was doing at the t ime of the

accident. It was very likely that the

deceased was either conducting

preparation work or instal l ing

fibreglass enclosure boards onto

the meta l f rame hous ing the

telephone antenna on the external

wall outside the Central A/C Plant

Room. He somehow stepped onto

the flimsy wooden sheets which

were of insufficient strength to

support him. He then fell, together

with the flimsy wooden sheets

through either the void between

the inner and outer scaffold or

between the inner scaffold and the

external building wall, down to the

catch fan at the 7/F level.

Recommended preventivemeasures1. Adequate steps should be taken

to prevent any person on the site

from falling from a height of 2

metres or more.

2. Suitable working plat forms of

at least 400 mm wide should be

provided for working at height.

Every working platform should be

closely planked and every plank

should be of sound construction,

adequate strength and free from

patent defect. Each plank should be

not less than 200 mm in width and

not less than 25 mm in thickness

or not less than 150 mm in width

when the plank exceeds 50 mm in

thickness. The planks should also

be so secured as to prevent their

moving.

Applicable legislation1. C o n s t r u c t i o n S i t e s ( S a f e t y )

Regulations, Regulation 38B(1)

– The contractor responsible for

any construction site shall take

adequate steps to prevent any

person on the site from falling

from a height of 2 metres or more.

2. C o n s t r u c t i o n S i t e s ( S a f e t y )

Regulations, Regulation 38B(1A)

– Any contractor who has direct

control over any construction

work shall take adequate steps to

prevent any person on any place

where the construction work is

being carried out from falling from

a height of 2 metres or more.