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4epHO MOpe -eHepzueH kpbcmonbm · 4epHO MOpe -eHepzueH kpbcmonbm UJ\U Hempaguu.uOHeH eHepzueH u cypoBuHeH u.eHmbp Ha EBpona e m.H.C. I cm. g-p nemko A U M u m p ° S, H.C. I cm. g-p

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4epHO MOpe - eHepzueH kpbcmonbm UJU HempaguuuOHeH eHepzueH u cypoBuHeH ueHmbp Ha EBpona

e mHC I cm g-p nemko A U M u m p deg S HC I cm g-p AUMumbp A u Mum p deg S cmHc g2H 8eCeiUH n e U 11 e 6 shyL1Hcmumym no OkeaHOi02USI ltDpumbo~ HaHceH kbM 6AH 8apHa

B yc06umna Ha Hegocmuz Ha eHepzoshypecypcu y Hac m6hpgeHwnna le BhZapuJI MoJke ga 6hge eHepzueH ueHlllhp Ha BHAkashyHume e HecepU03HO llopagu c6oemo U3Z0gHO zeozpaqcko nOAoJkeHue Hawama cmp8Ha e no-ckopo eHepzueH kpbcmonhm Ao kpaJI Ha BO-me ZOgUHU Ha XX 8ek Hue 6JlXMe cyp06ushyHeH leHmhp Ha JlgpeHama eHepzemuka YpashyHog06u6hm ocuzypJl6awe HC3a6ucUMocmma Ha Hawume IlgpeHU 6ok06e a U He CaMO Ha mJIX AHec onumume 3a 6b3Cm8H06Jr6aHe Ha

ypaHog06u8a ~e cpe~Ham Chnpomu6ama Ha ekooZUlHUme opzaHu3auuu U JlgpeHume MOshyHonOAU koumo 6ageam c6em06Hume naJashypu Ha JlgpeHo zopu60 llopagu m06a c ockbgshyHume cu 3anacu om kAacmlecku eHepzui1Hu UamOlHUlU BhIIzapuJI e U3lJlIIO aa6ucUMa om kOHlOHkmypama Ha c6em06Hull naaap 3aceza MOHonoucmu Ha CYP06UHHUIl u eHepzuuHUIl naJap aa BbZapull u EC ca PycUJI u apa6ckushyme cmpaHu

3a ga ce ua6ezHam zaJ06u kpuau ce npegshyAazam g6a koHkypeHmHu npoekroa IOJkeH nomok U Ha6yko

llpoekmhm Ha6ykowe Hapywu pyckwl zaa06 MOHonOA U~e npegna3u EC om eHepzushy

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He3a6ucUMo om nacu6ume U akmu6ume Ha g6arna npoekma me zapaHmupam Ha BhIIshyzapuJI U OCmaH81Ume e6poneilcku cmp8Hu 6baMoJkHocm 3a eHepzuuHa cma6UlHocm

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HeU3-lep naeM - Mem aHoxu gpamu UAU 2a30xgupam u mJcbgbpJkawu n o HRkou oueHku 1131017 MemaH u

5355x l Q17 m3 nogza30xugpameH Mem8HoB 28 3 ra30shyxugpamume 3a1J1Zam B Hegpama Ha nOAHpHUme 06shyAacmu u B okeaHckume ymauku koumo nokpuBa m 93 - 95 om gbHOmO Ha CBemoBHuR okeaH [1 2 13]

ra30xugpamum e u n og2a30xugpamHu Rm 2a3 B q epHo Mope ca BaJkeH nomeHuuMeH eHep2ueH U3mO-lshyHuk koum o B HegM e-lHO 6bgewe MoJke ga pem u MHOshy20 om np06AeMu me Ha 6bA2apckama u eBponeiickama eHep2emuka [4] (ltigt uz 3)

3a nacume Ha MemaHoB 2a3 om 2a30xugpamume no oueHka Ha Ha mu u pycku cnetuMucm u 6b3AU3am Ha 25 - 50 mpAH m 3

goka m o me3U H8 kOHBeHuuoHM Hume Bb2AeBogopogu ce U3lUCARBam Ha 14508 m YCAoBHO

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Mulino AeJlO II rCOJIOrHII 20JOJ -2 20

flgtuz 4 OnucaHue Ha iJKa (core M D 04-2782 oM6olluHa 1009 m) Ha 60pda Ha ppeHCKUJI HaYIIHouJCAeoo8ameAcKu Kopa6 Marion Dufrane JanaA8QHe Ha MemaH08 aJ om aJoxudpamu [4

pu60 [4 5] KhM lepHOMOpckume 30xugpamu uHmepec npoSl6HBam gUla MeJkgyuapogHu kOMnaHuu ka HanpuMep aMepukaHckama eHko J1HmepHeWhHhA ATD npe3 07 z CneleAU omkpum mhpz JlBeH om npa8umeAcmBomo Ha pallHa 3a U3)laBaue U p83pa6omshyHa za30xugpamu Ha MOtl om 13

D km2 pa3noAoJkeHu Ha 9bA60shy

Ha om 300 go 2000 m [6] Cnopeg pauHckume )leHU YCAoBuruna mBhpge Heu3zogHu U yuu3umeAshyU He omlumam npUHoca UM B

YlaBauemo Ha za30xugpamume CIIjlau Ha n poMUWAeHo omkpushyle ykpauHckume nompe6umeAU ~ kynyBam eHepCUUHIl CypOBUHU 1 c06cmBeHume cu Mecm opoikshyHUH Makap U c npeguMcm Bo HO na3apHU leHU naHo U 6hIlcapshy

ume U3clIegoBameAU pa60metlu lePHOMOpckume za30xugpamu

Bele om 20 ZOgUHU He cnogeAHm 96ama Ha cBoume ykpauHcku koshym

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UCaAHomo ghHO Ha ghh60lUHU om 700 m go MakCUshylhHume gh1l60lUHU Ha Mopemo U OkOAO 500 m nog Homo ce pa3kpu8am lepHU ymauku koumo ChghPshylm kpucmMu om ea30xugpamu vf38ecmHo e le om n 3 2a30xugpam ce omgeAHm OkOAO 160 m 3 Memau mo np06AeMhm 3a g06u8a Ha MemauoB ca3 om eashyw gpamu e lucmo meXHOA02U1middotleH OkOAO nOIl08UHashy1om 6hAzapckama ukoHoMUllecka 30Ha komno Ulta Otl om 33800 km2 e nepcnekmuBHa 3a pa3kpuBaHe 2a30xugpamu U nogea30xugpameH ea3 (cpuz 4)

Heka pa3ZAegaMe U eguH gpye npoekm Bhpxy koushy) 6hheapckume )leHu pa60mrun no6ele om 25 eogushy nhA60koBogHume opzaHozeHHO-MUHepaAHU ymaushyHa ghHOmO ce OmHaCHm khM HempaguuuoHHume

CloBuHU U mSIXHama ekcM oam auUH ce onpegeAH om ~gHume cpakm opu HMUlUe Ha npOMUWAeHU 3anacu la ChBpeMeHHu mexHulecku cpegcmBa 3a npojlBashy g06u8 mpaHcnopm u cpAom auUJl UkoHoMulecka ekmuBHocm nOAoJkumeAHa zeoekOAOZUlHa ecpekshyIBHocm

MUHHo-2eoAoJkkume YChoBuH B q epHo Mope koushy) Mozam ga ce oueHRm kamo ekcmpeMaAHu ce onshy~eAHm om

ChoJkHume (puckoBu) MemeopoJOZUlHU U xugposhygUHaMUlHU YCAoBuR oc06eHo npe3 eceHHO-3UMHUH nepuog (CzoHHo-HazoHHu RBAeHuR) Bh3MOJitHU 3eshyMempeceHUR U nopogeHu om mSIX lYHaMU ecpy3uu Ha npupogeH 2a3 akmuBu3auuR Ha kMHU ByAkaHu

rOheMU gbA60lUHU Ha koumo ca pa3noAoJkeHu nogBogHume MecmopoJkgeHuJI - om 500 go 2245 m B YCA08uHma Ha HaS 3apa3JlBaue cAoJkeH peAecp nog80gHu cBAalUtla U myp6ugumHu nomOlu

BiuJlHue Ha azpecuBHama MOpCka U cepoBogopogshyHa cpega 8hpxy meXHOAOWlHOmO 060pygBaHe kakrno U Ha gpyzu Hen03Hamu JlBAeHUR C6hp3aHU CbC cneuucpUlHUJl ea30Bo-zeOXUMUleH peJkuM Ha 6aceuHa

YcBoSlBaHemo Ha gbi60koBogHume ymaUku Ha gbshyHomo Ha okeaHa HHMa aHMOZ B cBemoBHama npakshymuka 3amoBa HalaAHUJlm eman Ha mHXHama ekcshyllAoamauUJl tle 6hge chnpoBogeH C eOAeMU pa3xogu 3H8lUmeAeH puck U UMa uHoBauUOHeH xapakmep

J13CAegBaHUJlma Bhpxy npoU3xoga chcmaBa cBoilshycmBama U npUIIoJkeHuemo Ha gbA6okoBogHume opshyaaHOZeHHO-MUHep8AHU ymaiiku CnOMY) n03BoAuxa ga ce xapakmepu3upa MUHepaAHo-6uOAumHama cy6shycmauuUR c U3ktuolUmeAHo ueHHU kalecmBa 3a ukoshyHoMUkama u ceAckomo cmon aHcmBo ITo npoaH03Ha oueHka 3anacume om nOMY B qepHo Mope 8h3Au3am Ha 32x l 011 m 3 [7] 3a ooAzapckama UkOHOMUlecka 30Ha npu cpegHa ge6ehUHa Ha pa60mHuR Macm gt 1 m U ce oueHJfBam Ha OkOAO 8 MApg m 3 [8] ITpoJlBauemo 3a npUAoJkeHuemo UM kamo kOMl1AekcHa cyp06uHa noks3Ba WAeMU nepcnekmu6u 3a u3noA36aue 6azposhy6uomexHohoauume HaHomeXHOAoauume cm poumehshycmBomo MegUlUHama U gpyau o6Ascmu B YChoBuRshy

u gpo rna Ha XPOHUlIHU eHepzuuHu kpU3U e Heo6xoguMo 9a

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ce OObpHe oc~6eHo 6HUMaHue Ha HempagUlUollHume cypo6UHHU U eHepzuliHu pecypcu EguH om 68JkHume 4gtakmopu 3a ekOl02UllHO 3eMegeJue y liac e yc6ost6ashyHemo Ha npakmulleclru lieU3lepnaeMUme 3anacu om ecmecm6eH ekOA02Uleli mop 6 fYhA2apckama ukoHOshyMUlecka 30HB HB qepHo MOpe

Obwecm6y6a peaAHa onaCHocm HaWUDle nocmushyJkeHUJJ 6 U3yqa6aHemo Ha ~OMY kakmo U Cb3gsgeshyHomo HOy-xay ga ce okrukam co6cm6eliocm liB kaYshyn811uume koum o u3ampbpw 6am npoyq6aHUJJ liB neqm U 283 6 ak6amopwnna BbIzapclrume u3cAeg6811Wl n o U3yqa6aHe lia ~OMY ce 4gtuHaHcupam om qltgtHg Ha- yqHu U3C1eg6sHusr (llpoekm )(0-02-35) koemo ga6a ampb3MoJloiocm 3a yckopeHo 6Hegpsl6aHe Ha npogykroa kamo kOMnlekclia cyp06uHa 6 P83AUlHU o6Aacmu lia ukoHoMUkama [9]

Pe3YlIDamume om n poyq6aHumna nok836am le lJepHo MOpe e MoweH npupogeH 2eo6uomeXliOA02UlleH peakmop cnoc06eH ga npou36e~ga P83lioo6p83HU npupogliu pecypcu To e HaU-20ISfMOmO Mecmopo~shy

geHue liB ~S 6 c6ema u npegcma61J16a ZA06Meli U3shymOlHuk 3a nOlyqa6aHe Ha 6ogopog U cflJla (elluz 5)

IIo Cbwecm6y6awu gaHliU 06womo kOAUolecm60 liB H S 6 6aceuH8 e 40 - 50 MApg t kamo CaMO e1keshy

2ZogHwnn MY npupacm e 107

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I cepo60gopoga ce U3MeliSI om 03 mg l go 10-12 mgl 6 npugbHHUJI 60geH CAOU B ymai1kume Ha gbHOmO mo 6apups om 100 go 240 mg l 3a UAlOCmpalUH we Hanpa6uM Cbnocm a6ka Ha cepo6ogopoga c makb6 6ushycokok8lopUIeH U3mOlHUk k amo MemaHa llpu U3zashy pmte Ha 1 rnaMemaH ce omgelSlID 8500 kcal mOnAUHa gokamo npu u3zspHHe Ha 1 m 3 cepo6ogo-pog - 5535 kcal [10]

AHMU3bm Ha 6b3Mo2irHocmume Ha U3nOi368Hemo Ha cepoBogopogHUJJ za3 kamo eHepzueH pecypc o6aqe noka3axa Ie eHepzuuHume 3azy6u ca 02poMHU U m exshyHOl02Unma He e ekOA02UlHO 6e30nacHa

Yc6oJI68liemo Ha HoBu 6b306H06JIeMU U3mOlHUlU lia eHepzuSI u nOAyqaBaHemo Ha Bogopog U Cbnbmshycm6awu npogykmu om cepoBogopoga 6 Mopckama 60ga U ymauku gaBa HoBa nepcnekmuBa Ha BogopogshyHama eHepzemuka IIpe3 1989 z 6 Ce6acmonoi 6ewe YlpegeHa RnO EHepzemuks C lel ycBoH6aHe HS ceshypo60gopogliom o 6ozamcm60 lia qepHo Mope IIbp6ushyme pa3pa6omku 6m a noc6emeHu Ha nAa3MeHOmo U eiekmpoAu3HO pa3AazaHe Ha HzS U Ha npUia2aHemo Ha UOHHo06MeHHu CMOAU U nOiUMepU 3a nOAyqa68Heshymo HS Hz U S IIAa3MeHama meXHOAOZUJI npume2iraBa pegula npeguMcm6a mbu kamo npu HeSI ce omgelJlID Hz U S gokamo npu eAekmpoAu3ama ce omgelJlm 8 U Hp Oc6eH moBa pa3xogume lill eliepzuSI ca 5 nbmu nO-Mwo omkoAkomo npu eAekmpoiU3Hama kamo nbp6am a e ekOAOZUlHO 6e36pegHa 3a CblkaeHue noshykbCHO pa60mume no u36AUQaHemO HB HzS 6ma npeshykpameliu

Om gocezBwHume npoyq68HUH cma6a SICHO Ie 06shypa60mkama Ha Mopckama 60ga U ymaukume 3a noshyiyqa6aHe Ha Hz U 8 Mo1ke ga ce oCbwecm6u lia MHCshymo (in situ) Ypegume U He06umaeMUme anapamu lia koumo e MOHmUpaHa nOiUMepHa eRma (m Hap nOAUMepeH MogYA) ce cnyckam 6 cep060gopogHam a 30Ha go MakcUMaAHama gbA60lUHa Ha qepHo Mope HekoAkokpamHo npu koemo ce u36bpwBa u36upashymeAHa a6cop6lUH Ha gBem e qOpMU Ha cepo60gopoga Cleg nU3nbilieHUe Ha MucuHma nogBogHuHm anashypam U3Il1y6a Ha noampbpXHocmma Ha Mopemo kbgemo ce noeMa om nAaBawuH 3aBog llOiUMepHUJIm MOgyA (cop6eHm) ce geMOHmUpa U npeMuHaBa n pe3 nA83MeH pezeHepamop kbgemo cop6upaHume q0PMU Ha H S npeMuHa6am 6 pa3mBop U 8b3CmaH06eHuJlm nOAUMeshypeH MOgyi ce cnycka omHoBo 6 Mopemo Pa3mBopeshyHURm H 2S npeMuliaBa npe3 xepMemmlecku 3am60peshylia nA83MeHa kaMepa omkbgemo ce omgelJlm H2 U S ITpegAazaHama meXHOiOZUJI 3a 906uB Ha cepoBogopog u peZeHepaluH Ha H2 uS BkMol6a nAa6alll 3aB09 Heshy

06umaeMU anapamu 8ceku om koumo Bki1Ol6a nOIUMepeH u ynpa6AeHCku MOgYi

ltPUZ 5 q epHo Mope - npupoiJeH zeo6uomexIIOlwzuIlell peaKmop HeOZpaHUQeHUme 3anacu Ha H28 6 tIepHo Mope ca 6a1kHO

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MeJkgy 288 go 418 MApg t UiU 169 - 245 MAH t H2 U 27 - 39 MApg t (11)

HoBu HempagUlUOHHU eHepshyZUUHU U3mOlHUlU Ha npupogeH za3 c t fl 6JI6am U npupogHume 2a306u qakJu IIpeg6apumeishyHume oleHku Ha Mawa6ume

22 MHlIIIO )lCJIO ICOJIorHll 2010 1middot2

~a300mgeAlIHe noka38am lJe eJkezogHo om gbHOmO omgeAJIIIl okoAo 150 MApg m 3 MemllHo6 ~1l3 OmshyRUUJIIIl ce npupogeH za3 npeMUHa6a npe3 BOgHUH U U nonaga B amMoccpepama khgemo cma6a ceshy)leH 3aMbpCUmeA U cmUMYhup8 pa3pyma61lHemo 030H08UH ChOU OcBeH kamo mbpce~ npu3Hak 38 ~m U ~1l3 zll306ume cpakAu Mozam ga ce pll3~AeJkshyn U kamo caMOCmOJlIIleAeH Huckoge6umeH eHepzushypecypc 1il3yqa6aHemo Ha M8~a6ume Ha zll3oomshyJIue ~e g06ege go cb3gaBllHemo Ha Ho8u peweUUH lexuulJecku cpegcmBa 3a kanmupaHe u mpaHcnopshypaHe Ha npupogHuH ~a3 OcBeH 3a go6u6 H8 ZIl3

oBume u3Bopu Mo~am ga cAyJkam u 3a u3zprukgaHe zeoguHaMll~HU nOAUZOHU 3a paUHO onoBecIllJI6aHe 3eMempeceHUH oco6eHo 6 ceu3Moakmu6uume pashyIII kamo KaAuakpeucko-llia6Aeuckama CeU3MUlJU8 la kbgemo enuueumpo6eme Ha 3eMempeceHUJlIDa ~a3noAazam 6 Mopemo

I1pegASzaHume eHepzuuHu kopugopu ~e gonpuueshyn 3a eHepzuuuama 06e3neQeHOCm U cuzypHocm Ha ~llHume CAeg6a o6alJe ga ce UMa npeg6ug ozposhyUHm nomeHuUaA Ha HempaguuUOHHume pecypcu qepHo Mope lJuemo U3yqa6aHe U ycBoH6aHe ~e

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2 ill H 10 K 0 8 E n r 0 )f( H K B K palO m J( H R B-rpex Marax

OT cy6MapHJlHolt n06wI(H ra3OlHJlParoa reoJlornJI U nOJlC3Ul1e HCKOnaeMble MMpoBOro OleeaHa I lUteB 2007

3 K palO W K H H B npHpona CaepXflfraHTCKHX CKOMeIDIH

He4mt K raJa reonontJI H nOJrC3Hb1C KCKOnaeMLle MKPOBOro OKeaHa I KKea 2008

4 Vas s i I e v A Optimistic and Pesimistic Model Assessments ofthe Black Sea Gas Hydrates Comptes Rendus de I Academie Bulgare de Sciences vol 59 He 5 2006

5 ill H10 J( 0 D E raJOntllplIfbl MertlHa B lfepKOM MOpe 2 KHeo 2005

6 3 R 6 0 P 0 B A nepcnermlBbI H 33ll1lH yCBOeHHJI MOPCJ(JX MeCTOpo1I(DeHHH MHHepanbHOro WpMI reonontJI R nOJleJKble HCKonaeNble MHpoBOro OKeaHa 3 KKeo 2008

7 ill H 10 K 0 B E A 3 H 6 0 pOD MHHepanbHble 60nrrcrBa lfepHoro NOPII HAHYlUtea 2005

8 n K M H T P 0 B n reononfl H ReTpaJllfUHOHRH pecypcH Ha JlbHOTO HB 4epHO MOpe C HJJl BAH 2009

9 n H M H T P 0 B n n Jl H M H T pOD u C 0 Jl a Ie 0 B A 3 H 6 0 P 0 B T Kyle 0 D C J( a lI K BOnpocy 0 COJI13KKIf M~Hapolll-lOro KOHCOPUHYMJl lI1lJI palBeJUOf If ll06b1fH

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10 Dim i t r 0 v P D Di m i tr 0 v Alternative Energy Resources from the bottom of the Black Sea reononfJl H nOJleJHble MCIlaquo)shynaeMblC liepHOro MOpli KHCB 1999

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~~==================~ c__cbullbull

epooon

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2

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He4mt K raJa reonontJI H nOJrC3Hb1C KCKOnaeMLle MKPOBOro OKeaHa I KKea 2008

4 Vas s i I e v A Optimistic and Pesimistic Model Assessments ofthe Black Sea Gas Hydrates Comptes Rendus de I Academie Bulgare de Sciences vol 59 He 5 2006

5 ill H10 J( 0 D E raJOntllplIfbl MertlHa B lfepKOM MOpe 2 KHeo 2005

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10 Dim i t r 0 v P D Di m i tr 0 v Alternative Energy Resources from the bottom of the Black Sea reononfJl H nOJleJHble MCIlaquo)shynaeMblC liepHOro MOpli KHCB 1999

1t Dim i t r 0 v P I G e nov T T ray a nov D Sol a k 0 v V P eye h e v Geodynamic polygons for notifing and predictshying possible earthquakes in the Black Sea area reonontJI H noshyneJKble HCKOllaeMbie liCPHOro MOPI Klfes 1999

bull 34E 35E 38E 37E 3SE 3rE ~ tE 42E

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~~==================~ c__cbullbull

epooon

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2

MeJkgy 288 go 418 MApg t UiU 169 - 245 MAH t H2 U 27 - 39 MApg t (11)

HoBu HempagUlUOHHU eHepshyZUUHU U3mOlHUlU Ha npupogeH za3 c t fl 6JI6am U npupogHume 2a306u qakJu IIpeg6apumeishyHume oleHku Ha Mawa6ume

22 MHlIIIO )lCJIO ICOJIorHll 2010 1middot2

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OT cy6MapHJlHolt n06wI(H ra3OlHJlParoa reoJlornJI U nOJlC3Ul1e HCKOnaeMble MMpoBOro OleeaHa I lUteB 2007

3 K palO W K H H B npHpona CaepXflfraHTCKHX CKOMeIDIH

He4mt K raJa reonontJI H nOJrC3Hb1C KCKOnaeMLle MKPOBOro OKeaHa I KKea 2008

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5 ill H10 J( 0 D E raJOntllplIfbl MertlHa B lfepKOM MOpe 2 KHeo 2005

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