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*Email:[email protected]*An Analysis on Civic Culture of
Emergency Preparedness in ChinaSchool of Public Policy &
Management, Tsinghua UniversityCenter for Crisis Management
Research PENG Zongchao, NIE Lin
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*Email:[email protected]* Outline Background and Basic
Concepts Framework and Methodology Statistics and Correlation
Analysis Comparative Analysis among Cities Conclusion and
Suggestions
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*Email:[email protected]*1. Background and Basic
Concepts
Without understanding of Culture, Risk Management would be
meaningless Mary Douglas Risk and Culture
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*Email:[email protected]*
Civic Culture of Emergency Preparedness is a subsystem of
Culture and Emergency Culture. In a broad sense, it includes
Emergency Perception and Preparedness Behavior; In a narrow sense,
it refers to Emergency Perception. 1. Background and Basic
Concepts
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*Email:[email protected]*2. Framework and Methodology
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*Email:[email protected]*20111228201215582504838888838676From
Dec. 28, 2011 to Jan. 5, 2012, the survey on Civic Culture of
Emergency Preparedness in China was conducted in 6 cities, in the
form of random interview on streets. 582 questionnaires were
distributed and a representative sample of 504 respondents was
collected (Beijing 83, Jinan 88, Zhengzhou 88, Wuhan 83, Chengdu
86, Yinchuan 76).2. Framework and Methodology
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*Email:[email protected]* Questionnaire 8We selected 8
emergencies that are typical and closely related to daily life, to
test civic culture of emergency preparedness. The 8 emergencies are
Earthquake, Flood, Fire, Traffic Accident, Endemic, Epidemic,
Security Events, Group Petition.2. Framework and Methodology
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*Email:[email protected]*3. Statistics and Correlation
AnalysisEstimation of Crisis Possibility (1-5 from the lowest to
the highest, n=no idea)
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*Email:[email protected]*2. Estimation of Crisis Effect
(1-5 from the lowest to the highest, n=no idea)
3. Statistics and Correlation Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*3. Satisfaction of the Local
Government (1-5 from the lowest to the highest, n=no idea)3.
Statistics and Correlation Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*4. Satisfaction of the Central
Government (1-5 from the lowest to the highest, n=no idea)3.
Statistics and Correlation Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*5. Confidence in Dealing with
Crisis (1-5 from the lowest to the highest, n=no idea)3. Statistics
and Correlation Analysis**It is the governments responsibility to
deal with group petition, which was excluded from this
question.
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*Email:[email protected]*6. Preparedness Behaviors3.
Statistics and Correlation Analysis*//31.2%68.8%***Preparedness in
Endemic was tested by Done/Not, and the percentage was
31.2%/68.8%;**Due to the government responsibility, preparedness in
Group Petition was excluded from this question.
012345678910allEarthquake25252706426211135504%5010.313.912.75.24.22.20.61100Flood304515659217321504%60.310.111.111.74.21.40.60.40.2100Fire13013379575026165323504%25.826.415.711.39.95.23.210.60.40.6100Traffic
Accident128124153701955504%25.424.630.413.93.811100
Epidemic7473102114743420112504%14.714.520.222.614.76.742.20.4100Security
Events315787823721504%62.515.515.54.61.40.40.2100
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*Email:[email protected]*7. Affect3. Statistics and
Correlation Analysis
(Fond, Hope)(Fond, Fear)(Hate, Hope)(Hate,
Fear)Earthquake353493Flood133497Fire120501Traffic
Accident020502Endemic340497Epidemic353493Security
Event011502Petition3372462
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*Email:[email protected]*8. Why is it difficult for you to
execute preparedness behavior I do not know what to do2. I worry
about the actual result3. Waste of time4. Waste of money5. I can
depend on insurance company6. fluke mind7. I prefer the help from
the government rather than myself3. Statistics and Correlation
Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*1. In the cases of Traffic
Accident and Epidemic, respondents' estimation of crisis possiblity
is positively correlated with the number of preparedness
behaviors;2. In the cases of Earthquake and Epidemic, respondents'
estimation of crisis effect is negatively correlated with the
number of preparedness behaviors;3. In 5 crisis events (Earthquake,
Traffic Accident, Endemic, Security Events, Group Petition),there
are negative correlations between government evaluation and
preparedness: those who are more satisfied with the government
would take less preparedness behaviors.
3. Statistics and Correlation AnalysisCorrelation Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*4. Influence of Social Status 1
Crisis Experience 5 3 In 5 crisis events (Earthquake, Flood, Fire,
Traffic Accident, Endemic), experience positively influences
people's estimation of crisis possibility; In 3 crisis events
(Flood, Traffic Accident, Epidemic), experience positively
influence people's confidence. Consequently, people who have
experienced certain crisis would pay more attention to the same
crisis in the future and be more confident in dealing with the
crisis.
3. Statistics and Correlation Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*(2) Age 4 Age plays a significant
role in respondents' satisfaction of the local and central
government. In 4 crisis events (Earthquake, Flood, Fire, Epidemic),
age positively correlates with people's satisfaction of government;
While only in the case of Group Petition, age has negative
correlation with government evaluation.
3. Statistics and Correlation Analysis
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*Email:[email protected]*4. Comparative Analysis among
CitiesCivic Culture of Emergency Preparedness is well developed in
Yinchuan (Xixia Culture Sysetm), and is less developed in Chengdu
(Bashu Culture System) and Wuhan (Jingchu Culture System); In
Beijing (Yanjing Culture System), Jinan (Qilu Culture System), and
Zhengzhou (Zhongyuan Culture System), Civic Culture of Emergency
Preparedness is developing.
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*Email:[email protected]*Confidence in Dealing with
EarthquakePreparedness Behavior on Earthquake4. Comparative
Analysis among Cities
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*Email:[email protected]*Preparedness Behavior on
FloodEstimation of Flood Possibility4. Comparative Analysis among
Cities
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*Email:[email protected]*Satisfaction of the Local
Government in Group PetitionSatisfaction of the Central Government
in Group Petition4. Comparative Analysis among Cities
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*Email:[email protected]*5. Conclusion and Suggestion
Overall, the Civic Culture of Emergency Preparedness in China
consists of low-level emergency cognition, negative emergency
affect, high-level government evaluation, low-level confidence in
dealing with crisis, and passive preparedness behavior. Reasons for
undevelopment of Civic Culture of Emergency Preparedness include
lack of common sense in emergency preparedness knowledge, overly
dependent on government help, and negative cultural and
psychological factors.
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*Email:[email protected]* Suggestions to development of
Civic Culture of Emergency Preparedness in China: The citizen, as
the motive power , should enhance individual emergency preparedness
power via higher level of initiative, lessons from past experience
and healthier lookout and value towards life;
The government, as the leading power, should improve emergency
management capability, perfect the legislation, and enhance public
awareness, in order to strengthen the civic culture of emergency
preparedness within the government and in the whole society
5. Conclusion and Suggestion
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*Email:[email protected]*Thank You
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