674_mach Vdk Dem San Pham

8/7/2019 674_mach Vdk Dem San Pham

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Luan van tot nghiep Trang 1

GVHD Nguyen Viet Hung

PHAN I LY THUYETCHNG I DAN NHAP

I. AT VAN E:Ngay nay cung vi s phat trien cua cac nganh khoa hoc ky thuat, ky thuat ien t

matrong o la ky thuat so ong vai tro quan trong trong moi lnh vc khoa hoc ky thuat,quan l, cong nghiep t ong hoa, cung cap thong tin. do o chung ta phai nam bat vavan dung no mot cach co hieu qua nham gop phan vao s phat trien nen khoa hoc kythuat the gii noi chung va trong s phat trien ky thuat ien t noi rieng.

Xuat phat t nhng t i thc tap tot nghiep tai nha may va tham quan cac doanhnghiep san xuat, chung em a c thay nhieu khau c t ong hoa trong qua trnhsan xuat. Mot trong nhng khau n gian trong day chuyen san xuat t ong hoa o laso lng san pham lam ra c em mot cach t ong.

Tuy nhien oi vi nhng doanh nghiep va va nho th viec t ong hoa hoan toancha c ap dung trong nhng khau em san pham, ong bao b ma van con s dung

nhan cong.T nhng ieu a c thay o va kha nang cua chung em, chung em muon lammot ieu g nho e gop phan vao giup ngi lao ong bt phan met nhoc chan tay macho phep tang hieu suat lao ong len gap nhieu lan, ong thi am bao c o chnhxac cao. Nen chung em quyet nh thiet ke mot mach em san pham v no rat gan guivi thc te va no that s rat co y ngha oi vi chung em v a lam c mot phan nhoong gop cho xa hoi.

e lam c mach nay can thiet ke c hai phan chnh la: bo phan cam bien vabo phan em.

* Bo phan cam bien: gom phan phat va phan thu. Thong thng ngi ta s dung

phan phat la led hong ngoai e phat ra anh sang hong ngoai muc ch e chong nhieu sovi cac loai anh sang khac, con phan thu la transistor quang e thu anh sang hong ngoai.* Bo phan em co nhieu phng phap thc thi o la:-Lap mach dung ky thuat so vi cac IC em, chot, so sanh ghep lai-Lap mach dung ky thuat vi x l-Lap mach dung ky thuat vi ieu khienII. CHON PHNG AN THIET KE:1. Vi mach em san pham dung IC ri co:

Cac u iem sau:-Cho phep tang hieu suat lao ong

-am bao o chnh xac cao-Tan so ap ng cua mach nhanh, cho phep em vi tan so cao-Khoang cach at phan phat va phan thu xa nhau cho phep em nhng san pham

ln.-Ton hao cong suat be, mach co the s dung pin hoac accu-Kha nang em rong-Gia thanh ha-Mach n gian de thc hien


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Vi viec s dung ky thuat so kho co the ap ng c viec thay oi so em. Muonthay oi mot yeu cau nao o cua mach th buoc long phai thay oi phan cng.Do o moilan phai lap lai mach dan en ton kem ve kinh te ma nhieu khi yeu cau o khong thchien c bang phng phap nay.

Vi s phat trien manh cua nghanh ky thuat so ac biet la cho ra i cac ho vi x

l va vi ieu khien rat a chc nang do o viec dung ky thuat vi x l, ky thuat vi ieukhien a giai quyet nhng be tac va kinh te hn ma phng phap dung IC ri ket noi laikhong thc hien c.

2. Vi mach em san pham dung ky thuat vi x l:Ngoai nhng u iem nh a liet ke trong phng phap dung IC ri th mach em

san pham dung ky thuat vi x l con co nhng u iem sau:-Mach co the thay oi so em mot cach linh hoat bang viec thay oi phan mem,

trong khi o phan cng khong can thay oi ma mach dung IC ri khong the thc hienc ma neu co the thc hien c th cung cng nhac ma ngi cong nhan cung khotiep can, de nham.

- So linh kien s dung trong mach t hn.-Mach n gian hn so vi mach em san pham dung IC ri va co phan cai at soem ban au

-Mach co the lu lai so lieu cua cac ca san xuat-Mach co the ieu khien em c nhieu day chuyen san xuat cung luc bang phan

mem-Mach cung co the ket noi giao tiep c vi may tnh thch hp cho nhng ngi

quan l tai phong ky thuat nam bat c tnh hnh san xuat qua man hnh cua may vitnh.

Nhng trong thiet ke ngi ta thng chon phng phap toi u nhng kinh te do o

chung em chon phng phap em san pham dung ky thuat vi ieu khien3. Phng phap em san pham dung vi ieu khien:Ngoai nhng u iem co c cua hai phng phap tren, phng phap nay con co

nhng u iem :-Trong mach co the s dung ngay bo nh trong oi vi nhng chng trnh co quy

mo nho, rat tien li ma vi x l khong thc hien c.-No co the giao tiep noi tiep trc tiep vi may tnh ma vi x l cung giao tiep c

vi may tnh nhng la giao tiep song song nen can co linh kien chuyen oi d lieu tsong song sang noi tiep e giao tiep vi may tnh.

III. MUC CH YEU CAU CUA E TAI:Trong o an nay chung em thc hien mach em san pham bang phng phap em

xung. Nh vay moi san pham i qua tren bang chuyen phai co mot thiet b e cam nhansan pham, thiet b nay goi la cam bien. Khi mot san pham i qua cam bien se nhan vatao ra mot xung ien a ve khoi x l e tang dan so em. Tai mot thi iem tc thi,e xac nh c so em can phai co bo phan hien th. Tuy nhien moi khu vc san xuathay moi ca san xuat lai yeu cau vi so em khac nhau v the phai co s linh hoat trongviec chuyen oi so em. Bo phan chuyen oi trc quan nhat la ban phm. Khi can thayoi so em ngi s dung ch can nhap so em ban au vao va mach se t ong em.


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Khi so san pham c em bang vi so em ban au th mach se t ong dng. T aysuy ra muc ch yeu cau cua e tai:

-So em phai chnh xac, va thay oi viec cai at so em ban au mot cach linhhoat.

-Bo phan hien th phai ro rang

-Mach ien khong qua phc tap, bao am c s an toan,de s dung.-Gia thanh khong qua macIV. GII HAN CUA E TAI:-Cac san pham rat a dang vi nhieu chung loai: ac; rong, kch c khac nhau.

Nhng vi kha nang cua thiet b lap th mach ch co the em oi vi san pham co khanang che c anh sang va co kch thc t 10cm3 en 30cm3.

-em so san pham trong mot thung pham vi thay oi t 2 999. Con so thungsan pham pham vi thay oi t 19999.

-Lu so san pham, so hop sau moi ca san xuat va cho phep xem so san pham va sohop trong cac ca san xuat.

T muc ch yeu cau cua e tai chung em a ra s o khoi tong quat cua machien nh sau:V. XAY DNG S O KHOI TONG QUAT:

KHOIX LY

CAM BIEN BAN PHM

KHOI HIEN TH


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CHNG II LY THUYET THIET KE

I. CAC KHOI TRONG MACH IEN:1. Cam bien:a. Gii thieu s lc ve mach cam bien:

e cam nhan moi lan san pham i qua th cam bien phai co phan phat va phanthu. Phan phat phat ra anh sang hong ngoai va phan thu hap thu anh sang hong ngoai vanh sang hong ngoai co ac iem la t b nhieu so vi cac loai anh sang khac. Hai bophan phat va thu hoat ong vi cung tan so. Khi co san pham i qua gia phan phat vaphan thu, anh sang hong ngoai b che bo phan thu se hoat ong vi tan so khac tan sophat nh the tao ra mot xung tac ong ti bo phan x l. Vay bo phan phat va bo phanthu phai co nguon tao dao ong. Bo phan dao ong tac ong ti cong tac ong ngat cuanguon phat va nguon thu anh sang. Co nhieu linh kien phat va thu anh sang hong ngoainhng chung em chon led hong ngoai va transitor quang la linh kien phat va thu vtransistor quang la linh kien rat nhay vi anh sang hong ngoai . Bo phan tao dao ong co

the dung mach LC, cong logic, hoac IC dao ong. Vi viec s dung IC chuyen dung taodao ong, bo tao dao ong se tr nen n gian hn vi tan so phat va thuV tn hieu ngo ra trasitor quang rat nho nen can co mach khuyech ai trc khi aen bo tao dao ong. Chung em chon IC khuech ai e khuech ai tn hieu len u ln.Vay s o khoi cua phan phat va phan thu la:

b. Cac linh kien trong mach cam bien:b1. Cau tao, nguyen l hoat ong cua led hong ngoai:

_Led c cau tao t GaAs vi vung cam co o rong la 1.43eV tng ng bc xa900nm. Ngoai ra khi pha tap Si vi nguyen vat lieu GaAlAs, o rong vung cam co thethay oi. Vi cach nay, ngi ta co the tao ra dai song gia 800 - 900nm va do o tao ras ieu hng sao cho led hong ngoai phat ra bc song thch hp nhat cho iem cc aicua o nhay cac bo thu._Hoat ong: khi moi noi p - n c phan cc thuan th dong ien qua noi ln v s dan

ien la do hat tai a so, con khi moi noi c phan cc nghch th ch co dong r do s dichuyen cua cac hat tai thieu so. Nhng khi chieu sang vao moi noi, dong ien nghchtang len gan nh ty le vi quang thong trong luc dong thuan khong tang. ac tuyen volt ampere cua led hong ngoai nh sau:

KHOIDAOONG

KHOIDAO

ONG

KHUYECHAI

TRANSITORTHU


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b2. Photon transistor.Photon Transistor cung tng t nh transistor thong thng nhng ch khac cho

no khong co cc baz, thay cho tac dung khong che cua dong vao cc baz la s khongche cua chum sang oi vi dong colector cua transitor hoac co cc baz, nhng khongche tn hieu la anh sang.

Cau tao cua transistor quang_ Ky hieu va cau tao:

_Hnh thc ben ngoai cua no khac vi transistor thong thng cho tren vo cua coca so trong suot cho anh sang chieu vao. Anh sang qua ca so nay chieu len mien bazcua transistor. Chuyen tiep PN emitor c che tao nh cac transistor thong thng,nhng chuyen tiep PN colector, th do mien baz can c chieu sang, cho nen no conhieu hnh dang khac nhau, cung co dang hnh tron nam gia tam mien baz. Khi sdung transistor quang mac mach tng t nh transistor mac chung emitor (CE). Chuyentiep emitor c phan cc thuan con chuyen tiep colector c phan cc nghch. Congha la transistor quang c phan cc che o khuyech ai.

Dong ien trong transistor:

V noi thu c phan cc nghch nen co dong r Ico chay gia thu nen va v noi nen -phat c phan cc thuan nen dong thu la ( + 1)Ico ay la dong toi cua quangtransistor. Khi chieu anh sang vao mien baz, trong mien baz co s phat xa cap ien tlo trong lam xuat hien dong IL. Do anh sang khien dong thu tr thanh:Ic = ( + 1) .(Ico + IL)

= 4

= 3

= 2

= 1 = 0

U(V)

I(A)

C Cc thu (colecter)

Cc nen(base) E

Cc phat (emiter)

Ky hieu Cau tao

N P NB

EB

C


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ac tuyen cua transistor quang

Trong o H la mat o chieu sang (mW/cm2 )ac tuyen cua transistor quang cung giong nh ac tuyen Volt- ampere cua

transistor thong thng mac EC. ieu khac nhau ay la cac tham so khong phai ladong Ib ma la lng chieu sang

ac tuyen Volt ampere cua transistor quang ng vi khoang Uce nho cung co thegoi la mien bao hoa v khi ay do s tch tu ien tch co the coi nh chuyen tiep colectorc phan cc thuan. Cung tng t nh trong trng hp transistor thong thung, o

doc ac tuyen trong mien khuyech ai.b3. IC dao ong 555

S o chan:

S o khoi ben trong IC 555

U(V)5 10 15 20 1

I(A) H = 9

H = 7

H = 5

H = 4

H = 1

8

6

4

2

0

GND VCCTRI DISOUT THRRES CN

FLIPFLOP

OUTPUT

8 6 4 7

13

2

5


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Chc nang cua cac chanay la vi mach nh thi chuyen dung, co the mac thanh dang mach n on hay bat on.ien ap cung cap t 3V en 18V.Dong ien ra en 200mA (loai vi mach BJT) hay 100mA (loai CMOS).Chan 1: Noi vi masse.

Chan 2: Nhan tn hieu kch thch (trigger).Chan 3: Tn hieu ra (output).Chan 4: Phuc nguyen ve trang thai ban au (preset).Chan 5: Nhan ien ap ieu khien (control voltag).Chan 6: Mc ngng ( threshold ).Chan 7: Tao ng phong ien cho tu.Chan 8: Cap nguon Vcc.* IC khuyech ai LM 324 ( QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER).

LM 324 IC co 4 tang khuech ai thuat toan, IC lam viec vi loai nguon n.o li tren 100dB, tuy nhien bang thong hep hn LM 3900.Chu y: khong e nga ra cham vao nguon V+ hay cham thang vao masse, ieu nay se

lam h IC. IC 567 (TONE DECODER):IC 567 Bo giai ma am sac.IC cha mot vong khoa pha. Khi tan so phu hp vi tan so trung tam th chan 8 co mcap thap. Do o tn hieu t transistor qua tang khuyech ai a en ngo vao cua IC 567.Tan so hien nay c xac lap theo mach nh thi R va C hay 1,1/(RC). R lay khoang2K en 20K. 567 co the tach do tan so nga vao t 0,01Hz en 500KHz.

4

1

3

2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14 13 12 11 10 9 8

GND

+3 - 30V

+

++

+

Ngo raGNDTu nh thiien tr nh thi

5678765

1234

Tu ngo raTu loc thongthap

Ngovao+4,75-9,0V


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Ghi chu: cac nga vao trong mach loc thap qua tnh theo F se c xac nh bi n/F0.Trong o n trong khoang 1300 en 62000. Tu nga ra lay tr so gap oi tu trong mach locthap qua nga vao.

2. Khoi x l:Vi khoi x l ngi ta co the dung IC ri hoac khoi vi x l. Neu s dung vi x l

trong khoi x ly, ngi ta co the thiet ke mach ien giao tiep c vi may tnh nen dedang cho viec ieu khien t xa va bang viec thay oi phan mem co the m rong chngtrnh ieu khien mach ien em nhieu day chuyen trong cung mot thi iem hay lu laicac so lieu trong cac ca san xuat, o la l do chung em s dung vi x l trong khoi x l.Cung vi thi gian, con ngi a cho ra i nhieu loai vi x l t 8 bit en 64 bit vi caitien ngay cang u viet nhng tuy theo muc ch s dung ma vi x l 8 bit van con ton tai.Trong o an nay chung em s dung vi ieu khien 8051. 8051 cung la vi x l 8 bit nhngco cha bo nh ben trong va co them 2 bo nh thi ngoai ra no co the giao tiep noi tieptrc tiep vi may tnh ma vi x l 8 bit nh 8085 cung giao tiep c vi may tnh nhngla giao tiep song song nen can co IC chuyen oi d lieu t song song sang noi tiep e

giao tiep vi may tnh. Vi bo nh trong 8051 thch hp cho nhng chng trnh co quymo nho,tuy nhien 8051 co the ket hp c vi bo nh ngoai cho chng trnh co quymo ln. Sau ay la gii thieu cua chung em ve vi ieu khien 8051:

a. Gii thieu cau truc phan cng 8051a1. S o chan 8051

8051 la IC vi ieu khien (Microcontroller) do hang Intel san xuat. IC nay co ac iemnh sau:- 4k byte ROM,128 byte RAM- 4 Port I/O 8 bit.- 2 bo em/ nh thi 16 bit.- Giao tiep noi tiep.- 64k byte khong gian bo nh chng trnh m rong.- 64k byte khong gian bo nh d lieu m rong.- Mot bo x ly luan ly (thao tac tren cac bt n).- 210 bit c a ch hoa.- Bo nhan / chia 4.

S lc ve cac chan cua 8051:


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a2. Chc nang cua cac chan 8051:Port 0: t chan 32 en chan 39 (P0.0 _P0.7). Port 0 co 2 chc nang: trong cac

thiet ke c nho khong dung bo nh m rong no co chc nang nh cac ng IO, oi vithiet ke ln co bo nh m rong no c ket hp gia bus a ch va bus d lieu.

Port 1: t chan 1 en chan 9 (P1.0 _ P1.7). Port 1 la port IO dung cho giao tiep vithiet b ngoai neu can.

Port 2: t chan 21 en chan 28 (P2.0 _P2.7). Port 2 la mot port co tac dung kep

dung nh cac ng xuat nhap hoac la byte cao cua bus a ch oi vi cac thiet b dungbo nh m rong.Port 3: t chan 10 en chan 17 (P3.0 _ P3.7). Port 3 la port co tac dung kep. Cac

chan cua port nay co nhieu chc nang, co cong dung chuyen oi co lien he en cac actnh ac biet cua 8051 nh bang sau :

Bit Ten Chc nang chuyen oi

P3.0P3.1P3.2

P3.3P3.4P3.5P3.6P3.7

RXDTXDINT0\

INT1\T0T1WR\RD\

Ngo vao d lieu noi tiep.Ngo xuat d lieu noi tiep.Ngo vao ngat cng th 0.

Ngo vao ngat cng th 1.Ngo vao TIMER/ COUNTER th 0.Ngo vao cua TIMER/ COUNTER th 1.Tn hieu ghi d lieu len bo nh ngoai.Tn hieu oc bo nh d lieu ngoai.

PSEN (Program store enable):PSEN la tn hieu ngo ra co tac dung cho phep oc bo nh chng trnh m rong va

thng c noi en chan OE\ cua Eprom cho phep oc cac byte ma lenh.

8031

EA/VP31

X119 X218

RESET9

P3.212

P3.313

P3.414

P3.515

P1.01

P1.12

P1.23

P1.34

P1.45

P1.56

P1.67

P1.78

P0.039

P0.138

P0.237

P0.336

P0.435

P0.534

P0.633

P0.7

32

P2.021P2.122P2.223P2.324P2.425P2.526P2.627P2.728

P3.717 P3.616

PSEN29

ALE/P30

P3.111 P3.010

VCC40

VSS20


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PSEN mc thap trong thi gian 8051 lay lenh. Cac ma lenh cua chng trnhc oc t Eprom qua bus d lieu, c chot vao thanh ghi lenh ben trong 8051 e giaima lenh. Khi 8051 thi hanh chng trnh trong ROM noi PSEN mc cao.

ALE (Address Latch Enable):Khi 8051 truy xuat bo nh ben ngoai, Port 0 co chc nang la bus a ch va d lieu

do o phai tach cac ng d lieu va a ch. Tn hieu ra ALE chan th 30 dung lamtn hieu ieu khien e giai a hp cac ng a ch va d lieu khi ket noi chung vi ICchot.

Tn hieu chan ALE la mot xung trong khoang thi gian port 0 ong vai tro la ach thap nen chot a ch hoan toan t ong.

EA\ (External Access): Tn hieu vao EA\ chan 31 thng c mac len mc 1hoac mc 0. Neu mc 1, 8051 thi hanh chng trnh t ROM noi. Neu mc 0, 8051thi hanh chng trnh t bo nh m rong. Chan EA\ c lay lam chan cap nguon 21Vkhi lap trnh cho Eprom trong 8051.

RST (Reset): Khi ngo vao tn hieu nay a len mc cao t nhat 2 chu ky may,

cac thanh ghi ben trong c nap nhng gia tr thch hp e khi ong he thong. Khi capien mach phai t ong reset.Cac ngo vao bo dao ong X1, X2:

Bo tao dao ong c tch hp ben trong 8051. Khi s dung 8051, ngi ta ch cannoi them tu thach anh va cac tu. Tan so tu thach anh thng la 12 Mh

b. Cau truc ben trong cua 8051b1. S o khoi ben trong 8051:


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b2. Khao sat cac khoi nh ben trong 8051:

ieu khienngat

Cac thanhghi khac

128byte RAM

MRO noiTimer 2Timer 1Timer 0

CPU

Oscillator ieu khien bus Cac port I/O Port noi tiep

Port noi tiep

Timer 0

Timer 1

Timer 2

INT0

INT1

EA

RST

PSEN

ALE

P0 P2 P1 P3 TxD RxD


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*To chc bo nh:

7FRAM A DUNG

302F 7F 7E 7D 7C 7B 7A 79 78

2E 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 702D 6F 6E 6D 6C 6B 6A 69 682C 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 602B 5F 5E 5D 5C 5B 5A 59 582A 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 5029 4F 4E 4D 4C 4B 4A 49 4828 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 4027 3F 3E 3D 3C 3B 3A 39 38

26 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 3025 2F 2E 2D 2C 2B 2A 29 2824 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 2023 1F 1E 1D 1C 1B 1A 19 1822 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 1021 0F 0E 0D 0C 0B 0A 09 0820 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 001F

BANK 31817

BANK 210

0F

BANK 108

07

Bank thanh ghi 0 ( mac nh cho R0-R7)

00

CAU TRUC RAM NOI

F0 F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 F0

E0 E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1 E0

D0 D7 D6 6D 6C 6B 6A 69 68

B8 - - - BC BB BA B9 B8

B0 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

A8 AF AE AD AC AB AA A9 A8

A0 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

99 Khong co a ch hoa tng bit98 9F 9E 9D 9C 9B 9A 99 98

90 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90

8D Khong c a ch hoa tng bit8C Khong c a ch hoa tng bit8B Khong c a ch hoa tng bit

8A Khong c a ch hoa tng bit89 Khong c a ch hoa tng bit88 8F 8

E8D 8C 8B 8A 89 88

87 Khong c a ch hoa tng bit

83 Khong c a ch hoa tng bit82 Khong c a ch hoa tng bit81 Khong c a ch hoa tng bit80 87 86 8

5

84 83 82 81 80

THANH GHI CHC NANG AC BIET


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Bo nh ben trong 8051 bao gom ROM va RAM. RAM bao gom nhieu thanh phan:phan lu tr a dung, phan lu tr a ch hoa tng bit, cac bank thanh ghi va cac thanhghi chc nang ac biet.

8051 co bo nh theo cau truc Harvard: co nhng vung nh rieng biet cho chngtrnh va d lieu. Chng trnh va d lieu co the cha ben trong 8051 nhng 8051 van co

the ket noi vi 64 k byte bo nh chng trnh va 64 k byte bo nh d lieu m rong.Ram ben trong 8051 c phan chia nh sau:-Cac bank thanh ghi co a ch t 00H en 1Fh.-Ram a ch hoa tng bit co a ch t 20H en 2FH.-Ram a dung t 30H en 7FH.-Cac thanh ghi chc nang ac biet t 80H en FFH.-Ram a dung:Moi a ch trong vung ram a dung eu co the c truy xuat t do dung kieu

a ch trc tiep hay gian tiep. V du e oc noi dung o nh a ch 5FH cua ram noivao thanh ghi tch luy A : MOV A,5FH.

Hoac truy xuat dung cach a ch gian tiep qua R0 hay R1. V du 2 lenh sau se thi hanhcung nhiem vu nh lenh tren:MOV R0, #5FHMOV A , @R0

-Ram co the truy xuat tng bit:8051 cha 210 bit c a ch hoa tng bit, trong o 128 bit cha cac byte co

a ch t 20H en 2FH, cac bit con lai cha trong nhom thanh ghi chc nang ac biet.Ytng truy xuat tng bit bang phan mem la mot ac tnh manh cua vi ieu

khien noi chung. Cac bit co the c at, xoa, and, or, vi 1 lenh n. Ngoai ra cacport cung co the truy xuat c tng bt lam n gian phan mem xuat nhap tng bit.

V du e at bit 67H ta dung lenh sau: SETB 67H.-Cac bank thanh ghi:

Bo lenh 8051 ho tr 8 thanh ghi co ten la R0 en R7 va theo mac nh (sau khireset he thong), cac thanh ghi nay cac a ch 00H en 07H. lenh sau ay se oc noidung a ch 05H vao thanh ghi tch luy: MOV A, R5.

ay la lenh 1 byte dung a ch thanh ghi. Tuy nhien co the thi hanh bang lenh 2byte dung a ch trc tiep nam trong byte th 2: MOV A, 05H.

Lenh dung cac thanh ghi R0 en R7 th se ngan hn va nhanh hn nhieu so vilenh tng ng dung a ch trc tiep.

Bank thanh ghi tch cc bang cach thay oi cac bit trong t trang thai chngtrnh (PSW). Gia su thanh ghi th 3 ang c truy xuat, lenh sau ay se di chuyen noidung cua thanh ghi A vao o nh ram co a ch 18H: MOV R0, A.

* Cac thanh ghi co chc nang ac biet:8051 co 21 thanh ghi chc nang ac biet (SFR: Special Funtion Register) vung trencua RAM noi t a ch 80H en FFH.Chu y: tat ca 128 a ch t 80H en FFH khong c nh ngha, ch co 21 thanh ghichc nang ac biet c nh ngha san cac a ch.

-Thanh ghi trang thai chng trnh:


14/83



Thanh ghi trang thai chng trnh PSW (Program Status Word ) a ch DOH cha cacbt trang thai nh bang sau:

Bit Ky hieu a ch Y nghaPSW.7PSW.6

PSW.5PSW.4PSW.3

PSW.2PSW.1PSW.0

CYAC

F0RS1RS0

0V_P

D7HD6H

D5HD4HD3H

D2HD1HD0H

C nhC nh phu

C 0Bit 1 chon bank thanh ghiBit 0 chon bank thanh ghi

00=bank 0: a ch 00H 07H01=bank 1: a ch 08H 0FH10=bank 2: a ch 10H 1FH11=bank 3: a ch 18H 1FH

C tranD trC parity chan le.

+ C nh:C = 1 neu phep toan cong co tran hoac phep toan tr co mn va ngc lai C = 0.

V du neu thanh ghi A co gia tr FF th lenh sau:ADD A, #1

Phep cong nay co tran nen bit C = 1 va ket qua trong thanh ghi A = 00HC nh co the xem la thanh ghi 1 bit cho cac lenh luan ly thi hanh tren bit.ANL C, 25H

+ C nh phu:Khi cong cac so BCD, c nh phu AC = 1 neu ket qua 4 bit thap trong khoang 0AH en0FH. Ngc lai AC = 0.

+ C 0:C 0 la mot bit c a dung danh cho cac ng dung cua ngi dung.

+ Cac bit chon bankthanh ghi truy xuat:Cac bit chon bank thanh ghi (RS0 va RS1) xac nh bank thanh ghi c truy xuat.

Chung c xoa sau khi reset he thong va c thay oi bang phan mem neu can. V dulenh sau cho phep bank thanh ghi 3 va di chuyen noi dung cua bank thanh ghi R7 (ach bye 1FH) vao thanh ghi A:

SETB RS1SETB RS0MOV A,R7

-Thanh ghi B:Thanh ghi B a ch F0H c dung cung vi thanh ghi tch luy A cho cac phep

toan nhan va chia. Lenh MUL AB se nhan cac gia tr khong dau 8 bit trong A va B roitra ket qua ve 16 bit trong A (byte thap) va B (byte cao). Lenh DIV AB se chia A cho Broi tra ket qua nguyen trong A va phan d trong B. thanh ghi cung co the xem nh thanhghi em a dung.


15/83



-Con tro ngan xep:Con tro ngan xep SP la mot thanh ghi 8 bit a ch 18H. No cha a ch cua

byte d lieu hien hanh tren nh cua ngan xep. Cac lenh tren ngan xep bao gom caclenh cat d lieu vao ngan xep va lay d lieu ra khoi ngan xep. Lenh cat d lieu vaongan xep se lam tang SP trc khi ghi d lieu va lenh lay d lieu ra khoi ngan xep se

lam giam SP. Ngan xep cua 8051 c gi trong ram noi va gii han cac a ch co thetruy xuat bang a ch gian tiep, chung la 128 byte au cua 8051e khi ong SP vi ngan xep bat au tai a ch 60 H, cac lenh sau ay c dung:

MOV SP,#5FHKhi reset 8051, SP se mang gia tr mac nh la 07H va d lieu au tien se c cat vaoo nh ngan xep co a ch la 08 H. Ngan xep c truy xuat trc tiep bang cac lenhPUSH va POP e lu tr tam thi va lay lai d lieu hoac truy xuat ngam bang lenh goichng trnh con ACALL,LCALL va cac lenh tr ve (RET. RETI) e lu tr gia tr cuabo em chng trnh khi bat au thc hien chng trnh con va lay lai khi ket thucchng trnh con.

-Con tro d lieuCon tro d lieu DPTR c dung e truy xuat bo nh ngoai la mot thanh ghi 16bit a ch 82H (DPL: byte thap) va 83H (DPH: byte cao). 3 lenh sau se ghi 55H vaoram ngoai a ch 1000H:

MOV A,#55HMOV DPTR, #1000HMOVX @DPTR,A

-Cac thanh ghi port xuat nhap:Cac port cua 8051 bao gom port 0 a ch 80H, port 1 a ch 90H, port 2 a chA0H, va port3 a ch B0H. tat ca cac port nay eu co the truy xuat tng bit nen rat

thuan tien trong kha nang giao tiep.-Cac thanh ghi timer:

8051 co cha 2 bo nh thi/ em 16 bit c dung cho viec nh thi hoac ems kien. Timer 0 a ch 8AH (TL0: byte thap) va 8CH (TH0: byte cao). Timer 1 ach 8BH (TL1: byte thap) va 8DH (TH1: byte cao). Viec khi ong timer c Set biTimer Mode (TMOD) a ch 89H va thanh ghi ieu khien timer (TCON) a ch88H, ch co TCON c a ch hoa tng bit.

-Cac thanh ghi port noi tiep:8051 cha mot port noi tiep danh cho viec trao oi thong tin vi cac thiet b noi

tiep nh may tnh, modem hoac giao tiep noi tiep vi cac IC khac. Mot thanh ghi goi labo em d lieu noi tiep (SBUF) a ch 99H se gi ca 2 d lieu truyen va d lieu nhan.Khi truyen d lieu th ghi len SBUF, khi nhan d lieu th oc SBUF. Cac mode van hanhkhac nhau c lap trnh qua thanh ghi ieu khien port noi tiep SCON a ch 98H.

-Cac thanh ghi ngat:8051 co cau truc 5 nguon ngat, 2 mc u tien. Cac ngat b cam sau khi reset he

thong va se c cho phep bang viec ghi thanh ghi cho phep ngat (IE) a ch A8H, ca2 thanh ghi c a ch hoa tng bit.

-Thanh ghi ieu khien cong suat:


16/83



Thanh ghi ieu khien cong suat (PCON) a ch 87H cha cac bit ieu khien.-Tn hieu Reset:

8051 co ngo vao reset RST tac ong mc cao trong khoang thi gian 2 chu ky,sau o xuong mc thap e 8051 bat au lam viec. RST co the kch bang tay bang motphm nhan thng m, s o mach reset nh hnh tren (hnh a)

sau khi reset he thong c tom tat nh sau:Thanh ghi Noi dungem chng trnh PCThanhghi tch luy AThanh ghi BThanh ghi trang thaiSPDPTRPort 0 en Port 3IP

IECac thanh ghi nh thi

0000H00H00H00H07H0000HFFHXXX0000 B

0XX00000 B00H

Thanh ghi quan trong nhat la thanh ghi bo em chng trnh PC c Reset taia ch 0000H. Khi ngo vao RST xuong mc thap, chng trnh luon bat au tai a ch0000H cua bo nh chng trnh. Noi dung cua Ram trong chip khong b hay oi bi tacong cua ngo vao Reset

c.Hoat ong thanh ghi TIMER8051 co hai timer 16 bit, moi timer co bon cach lam viec. Ngi ta s dung cac timer

e:- nh khoang thi gian.- em s kien.- Tao toc o baud cho port noi tiep trong 8051.

Trong cac ng dung nh khoang thi gian, ngi ta lap trnh timer nhng khoang euan va at c tran timer. C c dung e ong bo hoa chng trnh e thc hien mottac ong nh kiem tra trang thai cua cac ngo vao hoac gi s kien ra cac ngora. Cac ngdung khac co the s dung viec tao xung nhp eu an cua timer e o thi gian troi qua

gia hai s kien (v du o o rong xung ).Truy xuat cac timer cua 8051 dung sau thanh ghi chc nang ac biet cho trong bang sau:


17/83



SFR Muc ch a ch a ch hoa tng bit

TCON ieu khien Timer 88H Co

TMOD Che o Timer 89H Khong

TL0 Byte thap cua Timer 0 90H Khong

TL1 Byte thap cua Timer 1 91H Khong

TH0 Byte cao cua Timer 0 92H Khong

TH1 Byte cao cua Timer 1 93H Khong

Cac thanh ghi chc nang cua timer trong 8031.

Thanh ghi che o timer (TMOD):

Thanh ghi TMOD cha hai nhom 4 bit dung e at che o lam viec cho Timer 0,va Timer 1.

Bit Ten Timer Mo ta

7 GATE 1 Bit m cong, khi len 1 timer ch chay khi INT1 mc cao

6 C/T 1 Bit chon che o Count/Timer

1 = bo em s kien0 = bo nh khoang thi gian

5 M1 1 Bit 1 cua che o mode


3 GATE 0 Bit m cong, khi len 1 timer ch chay khi INT0 mc cao

2 C/T 0 Bit chon che o Count/Timer



Tom tat thanh ghi chc nang TMOD.

Thanh ghi ieu khien timer(TCON)

Thanh ghi TCON cha cac bit trang thai va cac bit ieu khien cho Timer 1, Timer0.


18/83



Bit Ky hieu a ch Mo ta

TCON.7 TF1 8FH C bao tran timer 1. at bi phan cng khi tran,c xoa bi phan mem, hoac phan cng khi bo

x ly ch en chng trnh phuc vu ngat.TCON.6 TR1 8EH Bit ieu khien timer 1 chay at xoa bang phan

mem e cho timer chay ngng.

TCON.5 TF0 8DH C bao tran Timer 0.

TCON.4 TR0 8CH Bit ieu khien Timer 0 chay

TCON.3 IE1 8BH C canh ngat 1 ben ngoai. at bi phan cng khiphat hien mot canh xuong INT1 xoa bang phan

mem hoac phan cng khi CPU ch en chngtrnh phuc vu ngat.

TCON.2 IT1 8AH C kieu ngat 1 ben ngoai. at xoa bang phanmem e ngat ngoai tch cc canh xuong /mcthap.

TCON.1 IE0 89H C canh ngat 0 ben ngoai

TCON.0 IT0 88h C kieu ngat 0 ben ngoai

Tom tat thanh ghi chc nang TCON

Khi ong va truy xuat thanh ghi timer:Thong thng cac thanh ghi c khi ong mot lan au chng trnh e at

che o lam viec ung. Sau o, trong than chng trnh, cac thanh ghi timer c chochay, dng, cac bit c kiem tra va xoa, cac thanh ghi timer c oc va cap nhat.theo oi hoi cac ng dung.

TMOD la thanh ghi th nhat c khi ong v no at che o hoat ong. V du,cac lenh sau khi ong Timer 1 nh timer 16 bit (che o 1) co xung nhp t bo dao ongten chip cho viec nh khoang thi gian:MOV TMOD, #1B

Lenh nay se at M1 = 1 va M0 = 0 cho che o 1, C/ T= 0 va GATE = 0 cho xungnhp noi va xoa cac bit che o Timer 0. D nhien, timer khong that s bat au nh thicho en khi bit ieu khien chay TR1 c at len 1.

Neu can so em ban au, cac thanh ghi TL1/TH1 cung phai c khi ong. Motkhoang 100s co the c khi ong bang cach khi ong gia tr cho TH1/TL1 laFF9CH:


19/83



MOV TL1, #9CHMOV TH1, #0FFH

Roi timer c cho chay bang cach at bit ieu khien chay nh sau:SETB TR1

C bao tran c t ong at len 1 sau 100s. Phan mem co the i trong 100 s bang

cach dung lenh re nhanh co ieu kien nhay en chnh no trong khi c bao tran chac at len 1:WAIT: JNB TF1, WAIT

Khi timer tran, can dng timer va xoa c bao tran trong phan mem:CLR TR1CLR TF1

d. Ngat ( INTERRUPT)Mot ngat la s xay ra mot ieu kien, mot s kien ma no gay ra treo tam thi thi

chng trnh chnh trong khi ieu kien o c phuc vu bi mot chng trnh khac.

Cac ngat ong mot vai tro quan trong trong thiet ke va cai at cac ng dung viieu khien. Chung cho phep he thong ap ng bat ong bo vi mot s kien va giai quyets kien o trong khi mot chng trnh khac ang thc thi.

To chc ngat cua 8051:

Co 5 nguon ngat 8031: 2 ngat ngoai, 2 ngat t timer va 1 ngat port noi tiep.Tat ca cac ngat theo mac nhien eu b cam sau khi reset he thong va c cho pheptng cai mot bang phan mem.

Khi co hai hoac nhieu ngat ong thi, hoac mot ngat xay ra khi mot ngat khac

ang c phuc vu, co ca hai s tuan t hoi vong va s o u tien hai mc dung e xacnh viec thc hien cac ngat. Viec hoi vong tuan t th co nh nhng u tien ngat th cothe lap trnh c.

- Cho phep va cam ngat:Moi nguon ngat c cho phep hoac cam ngat qua mot thanh ghi chc nang at

biet co nh a ch bit IE ( Interrupt Enable : cho phep ngat ) a ch A8H.

Bit Ky hieu a ch bit Mo ta


20/83



IE.7 EA AFH Cho phep / Cam toan bo

IE.6 _ AEH Khong c mo ta

IE.5 ET2 ADH Cho phep ngat t Timer 2 (8052)

IE.4 ES ACH Cho phep ngat port noi tiep

IE.3 ET1 ABH Cho phep ngat t Timer 1

IE.2 EX1 AAH Cho phep ngat ngoai 1

IE.1 ET0 A9H Cho phep ngat t Timer 0

IE.0 EX0 A8H Cho phep ngat ngoai 0

Tom tat thanh ghi IE- Cac c ngat :

Khi ieu kien ngat xay ra th ng vi tng loai ngat ma loai c o c at lenmot e xac nhan ngat.

Ngat C Thanh ghi SFR va v tr bit

Ben ngoai 0 IE0 TCON.1

Ben ngoai 1 IE1 TCON.3

Timer 1 TF1 TCON.7

Timer 0 TF0 TCON.5

Port noi tiep TI SCON.1

Port noi tiep RI SCON.0

Cac loai c ngat

-Cac vect ngat :Khi chap nhan ngat, gia tr c nap vao PC c goi la vector ngat. No la ach bat au cua ISR cho nguon tao ngat, cac vector ngat c cho bang sau :


21/83



Ngat C a ch vector

Reset he thong RST 0000H

Ben ngoai 0 IE0 0003H

Timer 0 TF0 000BH

Ben ngoai 1 IE1 0013H

Timer 1 TF1 001BH

Port noi tiep TI va RI 0023H

Timer 2 002BH

Vector reset he thong (RST a ch 0000H) c e trong bang nay v theo ngha nay,no giong ngat : no ngat chng trnh chnh va nap cho PC gia tr mi.

e. Ket hp 8051 vi bo nh ngoaiVi x ly (Microprocessor) la IC chuyen dung ve x ly d lieu, ieu khien theo mot

chng trnh, muon Microprocessor thc hien mot cong viec g ngi s dung phai laptrnh hay viet chng trnh. Chng trnh phai l tr au e Microprocessor nhanlenh va thi hanh, oi khi trong luc x ly chng trnh Microprocessor can ni l tr tamthi cac d lieu sau o lay ra e tiep tuc x ly. Ni lu tr chng trnh choMicroprocessor thc hien va ni lu tr tam thi d lieu chnh la bo nh. Cac bo nhcua Microprcessor la cac IC, cac IC nh nay co the oc d lieu ra, ghi d lieu vao hoacch oc d lieu ra. oi khi bo nh cua Microprocessor khong u e lu tr nhng thongtin can thiet khi chay chng trnh, khi o phai dung ky thuat m rong bo nh. 8051 cokha nang m rong bo nh en 64k byte bo nh chng trnh va 64k byte bo nh d lieuben ngoai. Bo nh chng trnh la bo nh Rom con bo nh d lieu la bo nh Ram.

_ Bo nh Ram chia ra lam 2 loai Sram va Dram. Dram c che tao dung ky thuatMOS, co dung lng bo nh ln, cong xuat tieu tan thap va toc o hoat ong trung bnh. Sram d lieu lu tr vao cac Flip- Flop con Dram d lieu lu tr mc 0 va 1 tngng vi qua trnh nap va xa cua mot tu ien khoang vai pF. Bi v ien ap cua tu sesuy giam dan do o Dram oi hoi chu ky nap lai neu khong muon mat d lieu va c

goi la qua trnh lam ti Ram, ay chnh la khuyet iem cua Dram so vi Sram. Bo nhRom co nhieu loai: PROM, EPROM, EEPROM nhng EPROM co the lap trnh bingi dung, co the xoa va lap trnh lai nhieu lan nen trong o an nay chung em dungEPROM 2764 va dung SRAM 6264. ac iem, s o chan va bang s that cua 2764 va6264 hnh di ay

SRAM 6264: la bo nh c che tao theo cong nghe CMOS, co dung lng65536 bit c to chc thanh 8192x8 bit (8KByte), ien ap cung cap la +5V, thi giantruy cap khoang 150ns. Ngo vao/ra d lieu c dung chung, cac ngo vao/ra nay tng


22/83



thch TTL. Cong suat tieu tan trang thai ch rat thap ch khoang 0,1mW so vi khihoat ong bnh thng la 200mW.

S o chan va s o logic cua 6264 nh sau:

T s o chan cho ta thay ca chan c chia thanh 4 nhom:+ Vcc, GND : chan nguon+ Do en D7 : chan d lieu+ Ao en A12 : chan a ch+

EPROM 2764: la bo nh ch oc c che tao theo cong nghe NMOS, dung motnguon n +5V, dung lng bo nh la 65536 bit, c to chc thanh 8192x8 bit(8KByte). 2764 la loai EPROM co the xoa bang tia cc tm va co the ghi lai c nhieulan. Co hai kieu hoat ong: bnh thng va ch. trang thai ch, cong suat tieu thu la132mW so vi 525mW khi trang thai oc d lieu, thi gian truy xuat la 200ns. S ochan va s o logic cua 2764 nh sau:

DQ0-DQ76264A0-A12

CE1\CE2OE\WE\

N.CA12

A7A6A5A4A3A2A1A0

DQ0DQ1DQ2

Vss

6264

VccWE\

CE2A8A9A11OE\A10CE1\DQ7DQ6DQ5DQ4DQ3

Mode \ Pin WE\ CE1\ CE2 OE\ Outputx H x x

Not Select x x L x Hi-ZOutputDisable

H L H H Hi-Z

Read H L H L DoutWrite L L H H Din

VppA12A7A6A5A4A3A2A1A0O0O1O2

GND

2764

VccPGM\N.CA8A9A11OE\A10CE\O7O6O5O4O3

2764CE\OE\VPP

D0-D7

A0-A12

WE, OE, CS1, CS2 : chan ieu khien


23/83



- EPROM co the c lap bi ngi lap trnh s dung va no cung co the xoa e lap trnhlai khi nao muon.-EPROM dung trong mach c cha san chng trnh ieu khien, tc la ch xuat Datamoi khi CPU tham khao en, do o ta ch quan tam en che o oc va ch. Da vao cacMode hoat ong tren th EPROM c ieu khien cac chan sau:

- PGM = 5 Volt (Vcc )- OE\ noi chan PSEN cua CPU- CE\ noi xuong CSO

+ Che o oc (Read Mode ): Che o nay c thiet lap khi CE\ va OE\ mc thap,PGM mc cao. Co hai ngo vao ieu khien dung e truy xuat Data t ROM la CE\ vaOE\ dung e kiem soat ngo ra Data, a Data len Data bus.+ Che o ch (Stanby Mode ): Che o nay lam giam cong suat tieu thu c thiet lapkhi CE\ mc cao, che o nay Data trang thai tr khang cao oc lap.

*Giai ma a ch:Do 8051 thiet ke can quan ly nhieu thiet b ngoai vi, nhieu o nh, muon lam c

viec nay ngi ta phai cung cap cho moi o nh va thiet b ngoai vi tam a ch cho thietb o. V vay can co mach giai ma a ch trong mach ien. Ngi ta thng dung ICgiai ma 74HC138 vi cac ngo ra c noi ti cac ngo vao chon chip (CS\) tren cac ICnh. Sau ay la s o chan, bang s that va ac iem cua 74138:

Mode (che o) CE\ OE\ PGM\ VPP Ra(Output)

oc L L H Vcc DoutCh H x x Vcc Hi-Z

Lap trnh L x L Vpp DinKiem tra L L H Vpp Do ut

Cam lap trnh H x x Vpp Hi-Z

Bang trang thai

ABC

G2AG2BG1Y7

GND

VccY0Y1Y2Y3Y4Y5

Y6

74138 74138

ABC

Y0 ...Y7G2A\

G2BG1

S o chan


24/83



s lc ve cac chan:- Ngo vao A,B,C la cac chan ngo vao so nh phan 3 bit. C la bit co trong so lnnhat, A la bit co trong so nho nhat- Cac chan ngo ra: Yo Y7, tch cc mc thap.- Cac chan ieu khien: G1,G2A, G2B. IC ch hoat ong giai ma khi cac chan ieukhien ong thi tch cc. G1 tch cc mc cao; G2A\ va G2B\ tch cc mc thapKhi mot trong 3 chan nay khong tch cc cac ngo ra t Yo Y7 mc cao.*Giai a hp cac ng d lieu va ng a ch:Khi dung bo nh ngoai, port 0 khong con la port IO thuan tuy. No c ket hp

gia bus a ch va bus d lieu nen dung tn hieu ALE va IC chot e chot byte thap cuabus a ch khi bat au moi chu ky bo nh. Port2 cho byte cao cua bus a ch. aychung em dung IC chot 74373. S o chan, ac iem va bang trang thai cua 74373

S o chan

Bang trang thai

INPUTSENABLE SELECT

OUTPUTS

G1 G2 C B A Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7x H x x x H H H H H H H HL x x x x H H H H H H H H

H L L L L L H H H H H H HH L L L H H L H H H H H HH L L H L H H L H H H H HH L L H H H H H L H H H HH L H L L H H H H L H H HH L H L H H H H H H L H HH L H H L H H H H H H L HH L H H H H H H H H H H L

G2 = G2A + G2 Bang trang thai

74373D0-D7

Q0-Q7

OC \G

OutputControl (OC)

EnableG

D OUTPUT

L H H HL H L LL L x Q0H x x HI-Z

VccQ0Q1Q2Q3Q4Q5Q6Q7G

OE\D0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7

GND

74373


25/83



ac iem

_ 74LS373 gom 8 D-FF co ngo ra 3 trang thai c ieu khien chot va xuat dlieu bang chan G va OC. Trong ng dung nay chan G c noi vi chan ALE cua 8051,chan OC noi mass.

_ la IC chot 8 bit

_ Cac bo em ngo ra 3 trang thai

_ Tn hieu ieu khien ngo ra 3 trang thai chung.*Xep chong cac vung nh chng trnh va d lieu ben ngoai:V bo nh chng trnh la Rom nen xay ra van e bat tien khi phat trien phan

mem cho 8051 la to chc bo nh nh the nao e co the sa oi chng trnh va co theghi tr lai khi no c cha trong bo nh Rom. Cach giai quyet la xep chong cac vungd lieu va chng trnh. Mot bo nh Ram co the cha ca chng trnh va d lieu bangcach noi ng OE\ cua Ram en ngo ra cong AND co 2 ngo vao la PSEN\ va RD\. So mach nh hnh sau cho phep bo nh Ram co 2 chc nang va la bo nh chng trnhva la bo nh d lieu.

Vay 1 chng trnh co the c tai vao Ram (bang cach ghi no nh bo nh d lieu)va thi hanh chng trnh (bang cach truy xuat no nh bo nh chng trnh)

3. Khoi hien th:a.S o khoi cua mach hien th:Bo phan hien th gom 8 led 7 oan anod chung. V cac vi x l x l cac d lieu la

so nh phan (1,0 ) nen can co s giai ma t so nh phan sang so thap phan. S giai ma cothe dung giai ma bang phan cng (IC giai ma). Tuy nhien vi phan mem quet led ngita co the giam bt c cac IC giai ma giam gia thanh cua mach ien. Nhng e ket noivi mach hien th phai can co IC giao tiep vao ra v cac port cua 8051 a dung cho mucch khac. 8255 la IC giao tiep vao ra song song thong dung va co the ieu khien c

bang phan mem nen chung em s dung 8255 e giao tiep vi cac thiet b ngoai vi (phanhien th). V dong ra cac port cua 8255 rat nho (ln nhat la port A khoang 5mA) nencan co IC em dong e nang dong len u keo cho led sang. Chung em chon IC em74245. Khi a d lieu ra e hien th tat ca cac led eu nhan nhng tai mot thi iemch cho phep mot led c nhan d lieu nen phai co mach giai ma e chon led.Chung em s dung IC giai ma 74LS138.V vay s o khoi cua mach hien th nh sau:

WR

RAM

OE\

WR

RD

PSEN


26/83



b. Gii thieu ve cac linh kien trong mach

b1.Cong xuat nhap 8255:

Trong he thong Vi x ly hay may vi tnh neu ch giao tiep vi bo nh trong ROM,RAM th cha u, may tnh con phai giao tiep vi cac thiet b ngoai vi nh ban phm,man hnh, may in, ... e con ngi co the oi thoai c may tnh cung nh dung maytnh e ieu khien cac thiet b khac. e giao tiep vi nhieu thiet b nh vay, may tnh cothe giao tiep qua nhieu ng va giao tiep vi nhieu hnh thc khac nhau nh giao tiepnoi tiep, giao tiep song song.

V vay vai tro cua cong xuat nhap 8255 e giao tiep gia may tnh vi thiet b ngoai lamot ieu can thiet giup may co the m rong kha nang lam viec.

*S o chan cua 8255

S o chan va s o logic

Tnh linh hoat cua vi mach the hien kha nang lap trnh. Qua mot thanh ghi ieukhien, ngi s dung xac nh che o hoat ong va cong nao can c s dung nh laloi vao hoac loi ra. Cac chan ra D0 D7 tao nen bus d lieu hai chieu co o rong la 8

8255A

D0-D7

RD\WR\

RESET

CS\A0A1

PA0-PA7

PB0-PB7

PC0-PC3

PC4-PC7

PA3PA2PA1PA0RD\CS\

GNDA1A0

PC7PC6PC5PC4PC0PC1PC2PC3PB0PB1PB2

PA4PA5PA6PA7WR\RESETD0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7VccPB7PB6PB5PB4PB3

8255A

8051

Port CH

8255PortA

em74245

Giai ma74138

LED

Port0

Port2


27/83



bit. 8255 c chon bi tn hieu mc thap ngo vao chon chp CS\. Khi 8255 khongc chon, bo em bus d lieu noi 8255 vi he thong c tha noi. Khi c chon, cacngo vao A0 va A1 c dung e chon thanh ghi ieu khien hoac mot trong cac congvao/ra e trao oi d lieu. Cac hoat ong c ban cua 8255 c tom tat trong bang sau:

* Cac trang thai lam viec cua 8255:

Qua bang trang thai cua 8255, ta thay thanh ghi ieu khien at di a ch bentrong la A1 = [1], A0 = [1]. Trong mot chu ky ghi len thanh ghi ieu khien, xac nh congvao/ra cung nh che o hoat ong. Khi chan RESET mc [H], thanh ghi ieu khien sec at lai va nh ngha toan bo 24 ng dan nh la cac ngo vao.Trang thai nay keodai ti khi chng trnh ng dung viet t ieu khien vao thanh ghi ieu khien e xacnh che o lam viec cua 8255.

Cac cong A, B, C c phan thanh hai nhom. Nhom A gom cong A va na cao cuacong C, nhom B gom cong B va na thap con lai cua cong C. Co 3 che o hoat ongkhac nhau:

- Che o 0: vao/ra thong thng.

- Che o 1: chot vao/ra.

- Che o 2: bus hai chieu.

Che o 0:

T ieu khien:

Che o 0 xac lap hai cong 8 bit (A va B) va hai cong 4 bit (na cao va na thap cua C).Bat ky cong nao cung co the nhap hoac xuat d lieu mot cach oc lap tuy theo cac bitD4, D3, D1 va D0. Co 24 = 16 kha nang vao/ra trong che o nay

A1 A0 RD\ WR\ CS\ Hoat ongL L L H L Port A Bus d lieuL H L H L Port B Bus d lieuH L L H L Port C Bus d lieuL L H L L Bus d lieu Port AL H H L L Bus d lieu Port BH L H L L Bus d lieu Port CH H H L L Bus d lieu T ieu khienx x x x H Bus d lieu trang thai Hi-ZH H L H L Cam

x x H H L Bus d lieu trang thai Hi-Z

1 0 0 D4 D3 0 D1 D0


28/83



Cau truc t ieu khien:

V dong ra cac port cua 8255 rat nho (ln nhat la port A khoang 5mA) nen can co ICem dong e nang dong len u keo cho led sang. Chung em chon IC em 74245, sau

ay la s o chan, bang trang thai cua 74245:S o chan va s o logic cua 74245 nh sau:

Nhom BPort C (thap)

1 = nhap0 = xuatPort B

1 = nhap0 = xuat

Chon che o

0 = che o 01 = che o 1

C lap che o1 = tch cc

Nhom APort C (cao)

1 = nhap0 = xuatPort A

1 = nhap0 = xuat

Chon che o00 = che o 001 = che o 11x = che o 2

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0


29/83



Tuy nhien dong ra ln nen phai dung them ien tr han dong t moi ngo ra (B1 _ B8)cua 74245

4. Ban phm:V ay la mach em san pham, em so san pham trong mot thung, va so san pham

trong mot lo, moi loai nh vay co the nhap vao so em trong pham vi t 0 en toi a9999, do o chung em s dung 10 phm so t 0 en 9. Va moi lan nhap so vao e nhanbiet la nhap may so hoac a nhap xong va muon biet cho phep em cha hoac huy bo

so va nhap phai can s dung them cac phm chc nang, nen chung em dung them 6phm chc nang t A en F. Do o ban phm gom 16 phm c ket noi vao port 1 cua8051:

S o khoi ket noi nh sau:

EnableG\

DirectionControl

DIR

Operation

L

L

H

L

H

X

D lieu t B a rabus AD lieu t A a rabusANgan

Bang s that

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

74245

20

19

18

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

DIRA1A2A3A4A5A6A7

A

VccG\B1B2B3B4B5B6B7B8

S o chan

8051BAN PHMPORT 1


30/83



805

1

74373 ROM

CS\

RAM

CS\

8255-2

CS\

74138 Y0Y1Y2Y3

Port0 Data

A0 A7 A0 A1

PortA

PortB

A8 A12

Port2 A13 A15

BAN PHMPort1

Addre

ss

S O KHOI CHI TIET CUA MACH


31/83



PHAN IITHIET KE,THI CONGVA CHNG TRNH

CHNG I THIET KE, THI CONG PHAN CNGSau khi a phan tch mot mo hnh he thong vi x ly bay gi chung em bat au i

vao tnh toan cac gia tr thc te e cho he thong hoat ong c. Viec tnh toan la chonphai da tren ly thuyet va cac linh kien thong dung tren th trng.

Mac du phan cng he thong khong the thay oi c nhng phan mem co the thayoi lam cho he thong co kha nang hoat ong mot cach linh hoat v vay thiet ke phancng phai can oi sao cho phan mem khong qua phc tap.

I. KET NOI 8051 VI BO NH VA CAC IC NGOAI VI :1. Ket noi bo nh chng trnh ben ngoai:Bo x ly chnh la IC 8051 vi tan so lam viec la 12 MHz. Chan 18, 19 cua 8051

c noi vi thach anh (cung co the thay the thach anh bang tn hieu xung clock).Bo nh ROM c cho phep bi tn hieu PSEN\. Hnh sau mo ta cach noi bo nh

Eprom vi 8051:

2. Ket noi bo nh d lieu ngoai:Bo nh Ram c cho phep ghi/ oc bang cac tn hieu ieu khien WR\ va RD\.

8051 co 1 lenh duy nhat truy xuat d lieu cua bo nh d lieu ngoai la MOVX dung contro 16 bit (DPTR) hoac R0 va R1 xem nh thanh ghi a ch.

Ket noi bus a ch va bus d lieu gia RAM va 8051 cung giong nh EPROM .

Ngoai ra, RD cua 8051 c noi ti chan cho phep xuat (OE\ ) cua Ram va chan WRc noi ti chan ghi (WR\) cua Ram.

D7 - D0

EPROMA7- A0

A15 -A80E\

Port 0

EA8051

Port2

D74373

QGALE


32/83



3.Ket noi mach giai ma:*Hnh thanh mach giai ma a ch da tren bang o bo nh sau:

IC A15

A14

A13

A12

A11

A10

A9

A8

A7

A6

A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A0

hex

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Rom8K 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0000 1FFFH

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Ram8K 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2000 3FFFH

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 082551 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

4000 4003

0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 082552 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

6000 6003

Tuy nhien tai mot thi iem ch co 1 IC nh c truy xuat nen dung cac nga ch A13, A14, A15 e phan biet. Lay A15, A13, A14 noi ti 3 au vao IC giai ma74138 (A,B,C). Cac ngo ra Y0, Y1,Y2, Y3 lan lt c noi ti CE cua Rom,Ram, CScua 8255. Khi Yi = 0 th IC o c chon:

A13, A14, A15 = 0 chon RomA13 = 1, A14, A15 = 0 chon Ram

A13 = 0, A14 = 1, A15 = 0 chon 82551A13 =1, A14 = 1, A15 = 0 chon 82552

4. Ket noi mach chot:-Chan ALE (chan 30) cua 8051 ket noi vi chan G cua 74373. Cac ng cua

Port0 noi vi cac ng t Do en D7 cua 74373. Cac ng tn hieu (Q0Q7 ) cua74373 va cac ng port 2 (P2.0 P2.7) c noi ti cac ng a ch cua ROM vaRAM (A0 A12 ) con cac ng d lieu t port 0 c noi ti cac ng d lieu cuaROM va RAM, 8255 (D0 D 7 ).

D7 - D0

RAM

A7- A0

A15 -A80EWR

Port 0

EA

8051ALE

Port2

DQ

74373G


33/83



-Trong moi chu ky may se co 2 xung ALE. Khi ALE mc logic cao (G = 1) vaOC\ = (0) th ngo ra Qo Q7 tng ng vi ngo vao D, moi s thay oi ngo vao euanh hng en ngo ra, luc nay Port 0 tng ng la ng a ch Ao A7. Khi ALExuong mc thap (G = 0), ngo ra Q se gi nguyen trang thai trc o bat chap ngo vao D,luc nay cac ng Port 0 tng ng la cac ng d lieu Do D7.

*Tn hieu PSEN\ cua 8051 (chan 29) noi ti 0E cua Rom. Cac ng (RD,WR) noien RD, WR cua Rom va 8255. Do muon xep chong bo nh nen cho tn hieu RD\,PSEN cua 8051 qua cong AND (dung 2 cong NAND 74132) a ti OE\ cua Ram

*Hnh thanh cong tac la chon Rom A, Rom B:- S o nguyen ly cua cong tac la chon: (S o nguyen ly mach ieu khien)- Nguyen ly hoat ong cua cong tac la chon nh sau:Bat c khi nao cho phep truy xuat Rom (ngo vao 1 chan cong OR xuong mc logic

[0]) va ngo ra cong tac la chon A hoac B xuong mc logic [0] th Rom A hay B ctruy xuat.

-Khi SW1 noi ti B, ngo ra cua cong NAND (U9A) = 1 ngo ra cong OR (U8A)

= 1, Rom A khong c chon. ong thi khi o, ngo ra cong NAND (U9B) = 0, neuA13, A14, A15 = 0 th ngo ra cong OR (U8B) = 0 Rom B c chon. Ngc lai, congtac chuyen sang A th Rom A c truy xuat.

II. THIET KE MACH RESET:Khi cong tac chuyen t A sang B va ngc lai eu reset toan bo lai he thong e cho

PC = 0000H. Bi v khi ang lam viec tai Rom A, PC khac 0000H, khi chuyen sangRom B PC bat au tai a ch khac 0000H lam sai chng trnh. V vay mach resettrong o an nay bao gom reset t chuyen cong tac chon Rom, reset t ngoai a ti(neu nh ket hp vi mach khac), reset khi bat au moi chng trnh em san pham vareset neu nh nguon cung cap yeu. S o nguyen ly mach reset trong s o nguyen ly

mach ieu khien.1. Mach reset t viec chon Rom: Mach c tao bi cong nand, IC 74221, cong

OR7432 va 1 cong OR khi ket hp vi reset khacs o chan va bang thai cua 74221 nh sau:

S o chan SN 74221:

Bang trang thai

INPUT OUTPUT

clear A B Q QL X X L HX H X L HX X L L HH L H H L H

1A

1B

Clr

1Q2Q

Cset

Vcc

ResetCset1Q\2Q\clr2B2A

74221


34/83



Qua bang trang thai:- Khi chan clear mc logic cao, A mc logic thap va chan B chuyen trang thai

t mc logic 0 len 1 ngo ra Q (ngc lai vi Q\)- Khi chan clear mc logic cao, B mc logic cao va chan A chuyen trang thai

t mc logic 1 xuong 0 th th 74211 tao ra mot xung dng ngo ra QQua trnh reset c thc hien nh sau:Khi SW chuyen sang B, ngo ra cua cong NAND (U9A) t 0 len 1 chan B

cua74211 (U10B) t 0 len 1, A = 0 co mot xung ngo ra Q ngo ra cong OR len 1dan en RST = 1 he thong b reset: en reset (D4 sang). Khi chuyen cong tac sang A,ngo ra cong nand (U9A) t 1 xuong 0chan A cua 74221 t 1 xuong 0, B = 1 coxung ra ngo ra Q 74211 (U10A) mach b reset.

2. Reset bang nut nhan:Khi nhan nut, 1 chan cua cong nand U2A c noi mass ngo ra = 1, reset (RST)

= 1, he thong b reset (ong thi khi o chan con lai cua cong nand luon c gi mc

cao). Khi ket noi vi mach ien khac, mach ien khac co the reset mach ien nay quaheader 3 (JP8). S tac ong thong qua s ngat dan cua Q3 C828. Khi Q3 dan (co tacong ben ngoai), ngo ra cong nand (U2A) = 1, ngo ra cong OR = 1, RST = 1, he thong breset.

3. Reset khi nguon cung cap yeu:Cac IC so ch hoat ong tot khi nguon cung cap on nh. Khi ien ap nguon yeu,

cac IC hoat onghon loan, neu khong co s hien th ve nguon cung cap se gay ra trnghp mach hoat ong sai ma khong biet c nguyen nhan. Tren mach ien nay, ienyeu th led xanh (D 7) se sang va luc o th mach se b reset cho en khi nguon cungcap on nh, con khi nguon on nh th led o (D8) se sang. Qua trnh reset thc hien

da tren s ngat dan cua transistor ket hp vi cong Nand 74132. Nguyen ly hoat ongmach reset nh sau:

- Khi ien yeu (VH < 3,7 Volt), Zener (D5, D6) khong dan Q5 khong dan, ngora cong Not (cong nand 74132) = 0, Q6; khong dan, Q7 dan (led xanh sang), Q8 danmot chan cua cong nand (U2A) b noi mass, mach b reset.

- Khi nguon cung cap ay u, D5;D6 dan, Q5 dan, Q6; Q7 khong dan, Q9 dan ledo sang mach hoat ong bnh thng.Tnh toan cac gia tr ien tr phan cc cho transistor khi nguon cung cap yeu:

V mach s dung cac transistor lam viec trang thai bao hoa nen ieu kien e cho

transistor hoat ong trang thai nay la: IB > ICSAT ;

VBESAT =0.8V ;VCESAT =0.2V ;

Trong mach Reset nay co dung 74HC132 (cong NAND ) co cac thong so nh sau:VIH(MIN) : ien ap ngo vao thap nhat mc [ 1].VIL(MAX) : ien ap ngo vao cao nhat mc [0 ].


35/83



VOH(MIN) : ien ap ngo ra thap nhat mc [ 1 ].VOH(MIN) : ien ap ngo ra cao nhat mc [ 0 ].VIH(MIN) = 3.5 (V)VIL(MAX) = 1 (V )VOH(MIN) = 4.9 (V )

VOH(MAX) = 0.1 ( V )Tnh toan cac gia tr:1. Transistor Q1 (C828 ):

RB < 12,6k. Chon RB = R5 = 10k

2. Transistor Q2 (A564 ):

Chon RB = R7 = 10K

3.Transistor Q4: (C828 )

+ Chon = 40

+ Chon dong qua led la 10mA=

= 28010.10

2.025

3CR

Chon RC = 220 mAmAAII LEDttCSATtt 1513013.0220

2.025p==

==

+ Chon = 40+ Chon don ua led la 10mA

C

CESATLEDCCCSAT

R

VVVI

=

C

CESATLEDCCCSAT

R

VVVI

=

10.13 40).8,09.4( 3

=

=


36/83



Ma ieu kien bao hoa la: IB > IcSAT

Chon RB = R19 = 10k

4. Transistor Q5 (C828):+ Chon = 40+ Chon dong IC =10mA

Rc =1K+ IB > IcSAT

5. Transistor Q6 (C828 ):+Chon = 40

+Ma ieu kien bao hoa la: IB > IcSAT , chon Rc = 1K

Chon RB = R24 = 10 k

( )( )

=

< KRB 16,34

2.05

18.09.4.40

=

=

28010.10

2.0253C

R Chon RC = 220

mAICSATtt 1310220

2.0253

=

=

( )=

KRI

R

VVBCSAT

B

BESATOH 61,1213

8.09.440pf

=

=

=

48010.10

2.053

C

CECCC

I

VVR

C

CESATCC

B

BESATDDCC

R

VV

R

VVVV f65

( )CESATCC

CDDCCB

VVRVVVR

65p

( )

=

=

K17.4

2.05

18,037.0540

Chon RB < 4.17K, lay RB (R21)la bien tr 20K e ieu chnh cho chnh xac

C

CESATCC

B

BESATOH

R

VV

R

VV f


37/83



6.Transistor Q7 ( A 564 ):+Chon = 40+ Chon dong qua led la 10mA

+ Ma ieu kien bao hoa la: IB > IcSAT

Chon RB = R25 = 7,5 K7.Transistor Q8 (C828 ):Chon = 40+ Ma ieu kien bao hoa la: IB > IcSAT

+ Chon RC = 1k.

Chon RB = R27 = 15 K

8.Transistor Q9 ( A 564 ):+Chon = 40+ Chon dong qua led la 10mA

LED

ECSATLEDCCC

I

VVVR

= =

=

280

10.10

2.0253

Chon RC =330

C

ECSATLEDCCLEDtt

R

VVVI

= mA5.8

10.330

2.0253

=

=

C

CESATCC

B

BESATCC

RVV

RVV >

=

KR

R

B

B

3518.4

2.440

1

2.058.0540

p

f

C

ECSATLEDCC

B

EBSATOLCC

R

VVV

R

VVV >

=

=

< K

VVV

RVVVR

ECsatLEDCC

COLEBsatCCB 325,19

2,025

330)1,08,05(40)(


38/83



+ Ma ieu kien bao hoa la: IB > IcSAT

Chon R28 = RB =10 k

4. Cach tnh tan so quet LED- Goi n: so LED can hien th- Goi : thi gian phat sang cua moi LED (s )- Goi T la chu ky hien th cua n LED: T = n. ( s )- Goi f : tan so quet

= N : chu k ngat cua moi LED (s )

Moi lien he gia chieu dai san pham (cm ) vi van toc bang chuyen (m/s):

au do: Bat au Ket thuc

Chon RC =220

Vay dong qua led thc te la: mARRVVVI

CC

ECSATLEDCCLEDtt 132.025 ===

=

= K

x57,122,025

220)2,08,05(40

C

ECsatLEDCC

B

OLEBsatCC

R

VVV

R

VVV >

)(

=

=

=

280

1010

22,05)(3

LED

LEDCESATCCC

I

VVVR

)(.

11Hz

nTf

==

)(.

11Hz

nTf

N==

T

TL


39/83



-Goi T: chu k quet au do (ms )

ieu kien e cho au do phat hien san pham

Chieu dai nho nhat cua san pham:

Van toc toi a cua bang chuyen:

III. KET NOI KT VI IEU KHIEN VI THIET B NGOAI VI:1.Ket noi vi ban phm:Ban phm gom 16 phm ket noi vi kt vi ieu khien thong qua Port 1 cua 8051. S

o ket noi nh sau:

P0.0P0.1

P0.2P0.3

8051

P0.4P0.5P0.6

P0.7

0 1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 A B

C D E F

2

TTL = : Thi gian do mc thap (ms )- Goi

)(.10

)(10

.)(

10

s

m

T

dvcm

Tvdms

v

dT

L

LL

)(10

.cm

Tvd LMIN =

)(.10

s

m

T

dv

L

MAX =


40/83



BANG MA PHM

Phm Ma quet Ma Hex Phm Ma quet Ma Hex

0 00 0CH 8 08 80H

1 01 F9H 9 09 90H

2 02 A4H A 10 88H

3 03 B0H B 11 83H

4 04 99H C 12 C6H

5 05 92H D 13 A1H

6 06 82H E 14 86H

7 07 F8H F 15 8EH

2. Ket noi hien th:Phan hien th bao gom 8 Led 7 oan chung anod. Bus d lieu xuat ra hien th c

noi ti PortA cua 82552. V dong ra tai moi chan cac Port cua 8255 ch co khoang 4mA,ma moi Led sang th phai cung cap dong khoang 8 10mA nen phai dung IC em nenPortA cua 8255 noi ti cac ngo vao A1 _ A8 cua 74245, bus d lieu ngo ra noi qua ientr han dong en cac thanh cua Led 7 oan. Vi mach giai ma chon Led: ba ngo vao A,B, C cua 74138 se c noi ti PC5 PC7 cua 8255, chan cho phep G2 noi ti PC4 cua8255. Khi PC4 xuong mc thap, G2 = [0], cho phep Led sang. Bang trang thai chon Lednh sau:

Ngo vaoCho phep Cac chan la chon

G1 G2 C B A

Chon Led

HHHHHHHH

LLLLLLLL

LLLLHHHH

LLHHLLHH

LHLHLHLH

Led 1Led 2Led 3Led 4Led 5Led 6Led 7Led 8


41/83



Tnh toan ien tr trong mach hien th:

e cho mot thanh led u sang th dong ien qua no la 10 mA, do o e ca led 7

oan sang th dong cung cap cho led la: I = 7 x 10 = 70 mA. ay cung chnh la dong Iccua transistor. Vay chon transistor loai A1266 vi he so khuyech ai la 60

Vay dong IB la:

ien tr phan cc R1 la:

Chon R1 = 3,3 k, nho hn gia tr tnh toan e dong ln transistor nhanh baohoa. Vay dong IB thc te la:

Tnh R2 (ien tr han dong cho led):Khi transistor bao hoa, ien ap VCESAT = 0,2 V va ien ap ri tren led la 2V do o:

VR2 = Vcc VCESAT VLED = 5 0,2 2 = 2,8V

Chon R2 = 270 (). Chon R2 ln hn tnh toan e transistor nhanh bao hoa

Led

R2 :ien trhan don

R1ien trphan cc

mAI

I CB 1,160

70===

)(90,3

1,1

7,0511 =

=

== K

I

VV

I

UR

B

BECC

B

R

mAIB 3,13,3

7,05=

=

mAILEDtt 1,1110251

2,0253

=

=

=== 251

7

10.60.3,1

8,2

7

3

22

CMAX

R

I

VRVay


42/83



c. Ket noi mach rle:Tn hieu ieu khien rle c lay ra t PortA cua 82551. Rle se tac ong khi em

xong so lng san pham cai at trc. ay chung em gia nh s tac ong cua rlebang en Led hien th. Khi led sang tng ng vi tac ong cua rle. Giong nh machhien th, tn hieu lay ra ieu khien rle uc a qua bo em 74245 va han dong bang

ien tr.Tnh ien tr han dong R:e cho moi led sang th dong cung cap cho no la 10mA. Vay ien tr can gan them vaoe han dong cho led la:

Chon R1 tren thc te la 330 (). Vi viec chon R1 ln hn tnh toan nhng dongqua led giam khong ang ke nen van chap nhan

III. THIET KE VA TNH TOAN MACH CAM BIEN 1. Khoi phat

=

=

= kI

VVR

LED

LEDCC 3,010

251

RA

RB

C

2 1 5

8 43

C1

7

6Ngo ra

VCC

Tnh toan ien tr va tu tren mach dao ong 555

mAR

VVI LEDCCLEDtt 09,9

10330

253

1

=

=

=

Vay dong thc te qua led la:


43/83



- Dang song:

tc =0,69(RA + RB).CRA ,RB[ohm] C[F]t[s]td =0,69RBC T= tc + td =0,69(RA +2RB).C* Neu chon n v R[K] , C[F] t[ms] ,f0[KHz]

e xung tao ra gan nh eu nhau e kch thch cho A564 dan manh, lam dong IB ln suyra dong qua LED ln, tn hieu phat ra t LED manh th ben khoi au do mi nhan ctn hieu.

2. Khoi au do:Tan so dao ong rieng cua mach:

- Chon R15 = 10KC10 =0,1F2K R 20K

v f cho phep: 0,01Hz f 500Khz f0 thoa ieu kien cho phep.-Chon C8 =1F ,C9 =2,2 F.

( )CRRTfo

BA 2

45,11

+==

KhzCR

fo 1,11,0.10

1,11,1

1015

===

10

1

8

1 B

A

R

RChon

2/3Vcc

1/3 Vcc

Vcc

0V

T

tc td

ien ap ra

ien ap tren tu t

t


44/83



* khoi phat tia hong ngoai:Chon tu C6 = 0,001F

Tan so cua mach thiet ke = tan so f0 cua au doNen f = f0 =1,1kHzChon RA, RB sao cho thoa ieu kien trenLay theo gia tr thng mai suy ra:

Chon RB=620K, RA =78KV dung RA la mot bien tr ieu chnh nen chon RA=100K-Transistor Q1 : A564 chon he so khuech ai =200-Khi Led hong ngoai dan th VLED =2V-Chon dong qua Led hong ngoai khoang 50mA (e tn hieu phat ra manh v vay

ma khoi au do mi nhan c).

Chon R11= 120 Dong thc te qua LED khi R11=120

ICsat ==56,67mA-e cho Q1 dan bao hoa:

IB>ICsatMa VEbsat0,8VV

outtai chan 3 (ngo ra 555 )0,2V

Chon R10 =10K

( )CRbRaTfof

.2

45,11

+===

( ) ====+

KCfo

RR BA 131810.31,110.10.10.1,1

45,1

.

45,12 6

633

mAR

VVV

ILEDECSATcc

Csat 67,5612,0

8,6

12,0

22,09

11 ==

=

=

==

=

= 136136,050

22,0911 K

I

VVVR

CSAT

LEDECSATcc

CsatoutSATEBcc

B

I

R

VVVI f

10

=

( )mAR

IB 28335,0200

67,562,08,09

10

=

= f

= KR 23,2828335,0

810p


45/83



* khoi au do IC LM 324 : IC lam viec vi loai nguon n, chon o li 100dB.Chon R14=100KR13 =1K

R12 thng t 0K 56K, chon R12 =56KC7 =0,1F (tu lien lac)

c.Hoat ong cua khoi phat va khoi au do:- Do khoi phat va khoi au do c thiet ke: f= f0 =1,1KhzTrong o f: tan so phat ra cua khoi phat tia hong ngoai.

f0: tan so trung tam cua khoi au do.Khi cha co san pham nao i qua led hong ngoai phat tn hieu qua photo Q2

,photo Q2 nhan tn hieu. Qua bo khuech ai, khuech ai tn hieu ln len e IC 567 nhanbiet c v led hong ngoai dong ra khoang 56,67mA no phat ra tn hieu manh va co

kha nang truyen i xa, khi qua photo Q2 tn hieu b suy yeu nen phai khuech ai len.V do thiet ke f=f0 =1,1Khz tc la tan so vao phu hp vi tan so trung tam th ngo

ra chan 8 mc thap [0]. Con khi cho san pham i qua che led hong ngoai th tn hieut led hong ngoai phat ra khong truyen qua c photo Q2. Ket qua la tan so vao (ff0=1,1Khz) khac vi tan so trung tam nen ngo ra 8 mc cao [1], co xung kch ti ngo vao(7) ien ap chan 8 len mc cao

10013

14 ==R

RAV


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CHNG II. CHNG TRNH IEU KHIEN

A. THUAT GIAII. Chng trnh chnh:e cac thiet b hoat ong c au tien phai khi ong cac thiet b ngoai vi, khi

ong Timer cho phep ngat. Sau o goi chng trnh nhap so hop, nhap so san pham.Neu ong y so em a nhap vao th cho phep bang chuyen hoat ong (ong role BC).oc d lieu t cam bien (au do). Neu co san pham i qua th goi chng trnh em.Neu u san pham mot hop th goi role ong hop ong thi goi chng trnh em hop..Neu u so hop th bang chuyen ngng hoat ong va ch cho ca tiep theo. Khi a hoanthanh 9 ca san pham th quay lai lam t ca 1.


47/83



-Na ia tr au #00H vao cac o nh

-Khi ong thiet b ngoai vi-Khi ong thanh ghi Timer, cho phep ngat

=

=

- Goi chng trnh con nhap hop- Goi chng trnh con nhap san pham- Cho phep bang truyen hoat ong

u SP

Ro-le on ho em ho RL H)

Goi chn trnh con au do DAUDO)

em san ham

S

- Goi chn trnh con do hm IN HEX)

u hop

Phm E Ca = 9S

- Cho phep bang chuyen ngng hoat ong- Goi chng trnh lu so hop, so san pham

- Goi chn trnh xem so lieu lu bat k ca nao

S

S

Lu o thuat iai chn trnh chnh


48/83



II. CAC CHNG TRNH CON:1. Chng trnh con khi ong ngoai vi:8255 ch hoat ong khi nap cho no t ieu khien v vay e giao tiep vi cac thiet

b ngoai vi can khi ong cho cac o nh cua 8255

Ret

Nap gia tr ban au e m

Nap gia tr ban au xoa 8 led

Khi ong 8255 - 2

Nap gia tr ban au cho ngo

Nap gia tr ban au cho role

Khi ong 8255 - 1

Nap gia tr ban au e chon

Bat au


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2. Chng trnh ngat hien th:Trong chng trnh ngat, thi gian ngat c xac nh bang c tran timer. Nh vay

c sau 250 s cac led lai c quet. Vi thi gian ngat nho, d lieu ra kho co the quansat c v vay delay sau moi lan hien th bang viec giam thanh ghi R2. Khi R2 = 0 chophep xuat d lieu ra hien th. Cac Led se c quet lien tuc t Led 77en Led 70, vi d

lieu xuat ra hien th t o nh 77H en o nh 70H.Lu o thuat giai nh sau:

Cho

R1 = # 69H

R2 = 0

R2 - 1

TOC O 1 R2

Chon led hien thXuat d lieu ra ledR1 - 1

R1 # 77H

Thoat 1Ret

S

Bat

S


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3. Chng trnh con nhan soChng trnh nay cho phep nhap so thap phan. Neu phm nhan t 0 en 9 th nhan

so con phm t A en F th xoa so. So nhan th bit 7D = [0], 7E = [0]. Sau khi nhap solieu xong neu thay qua led hien th ung so lieu a nhap vao th nhan phm A tc la atbit YES = 1 (7E = 1) e ket thuc qua trnh nhap so lieu. Con ang nhap neu muon bo so

lieu va nhap vao th nhan phm phm B tc la at bit NO = 1 (7D = 1). Khi nhap xongso san pham va so hop thong qua chng trnh con nhan so nay th nhan phm C tc lacho phep san pham t luc nay i qua au do va bat au em.

Bat

C = 1

A = # 0AH

S

Xoa bit YESXoa bit NO

Goi chng trnh do phm

at bit YESXoa A

A = # 0BH at bit

Xoa c CA - # 0AH

RET

S

S


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4. Chng trnh tang 1:

C co mot san pham i qua au do (chu y ngo ra chan 8 cua IC567 t nc logic 0 lenmc 1 sau o c a qua cong ao nen ngo ra la mc logic 0) c a vao bit 0 cuaport B1 se lam thay oi mc logic t 1 xuong 0 th o nh dung cho viec em san phamse c tang len mot n v thong qua viec goi chng trnh con tang 1, va khi u so sanpham th o nh dung cho viec em so hop cung c tang len mot n v thong quachng trnh con tang 1, va c moi lan nh vay s thay oi so lieu trong cac o nh cay lien tuc ra led e hien th. V em san pham en toi a la 999 va em so hop toi ala 9999 nen phai s dung 2 byte e em san pham t hang n v en hang chuc sdung byte thap, con hang tram va hang ngan s dung byte cao. Nen khi so sanh so lieuang em vi so lieu a lu ban au xem a bang cha th phai so sanh lan lt bytecao trc tc la hang ngan, hang tram sau o ti byte thap tc la hang chuc hang n v.

5. Chng trnh con kiem tra phm an: IN HEXNeu nh co phm c an th bit C = 0. V co khoang thi gian nhan phm nen goichng trnh do tm ma phm an 50 lan bang viec nap 50 vao R3 va giam R3. Khi R3 =0 th cat ma phm vao ngan xep. Trong luc i phm c nha ra goi chng trnh do tmma phm an 50 lan e xem phm co con c nhan na hay khong. Khi R3 = 0 th layma phm trao cho thanh ghi A.

RET

Xoa c tran phu AC

Xoa c tran C

A A +1

Hieu chnh thap phan thanh ghi

Bat au


52/83



Bat au

RET

Khong co phm an

#50 (R3)#50 (R3)

#50 (R3)

Goi CT do maphm

C= 0

S

R3 - 1Co phm an

Cat ACC

R3= 0

Goi CT do

C = 1

S

S

R3 - 1

R3= 0

Lay ACC

Lu o thuat giai kiem tra phm an

S


53/83



6. Chng trnh do ma phm an:8051 luon oc d lieu t Port 1 e do tm ma phm. Khi co mot phm c an th

c C = 1 va ma cua phm an c lu tam thi vao thanh ghi R6. Sau o tang dan R6 len4 n v e do ma phm tiep theo, (ma phm ) (A)

R6 =0

#FE A# 4 R6

A R7#4 AXOA CA R6

A R6R7 A

R7 AXoay A

-

A R7A P1

oc port 1

A AND #0F0H

XOAY A

Xoay phai A qua

A = #

R6 + 4R 5 - 1

at c c

S

C

(3)

S

(3)

3)

R5 = 0S

RET


54/83



7. Chng trnh au do:8051 luon luon oc d lieu t au do (Port B4) nen noi dung thanh ghi A bang

noi dung o nh 4001H. C moi san pham i ti cam bien, cam bien se tao ra mc logicien ap cao 5 volt, luc o Port B.0 = 1 = ACC.0 . V co khoang thi gian san pham iqua nen mc logic ien ap phai ton tai t nhat khoang 100s do o phai lien tuc kiem

tra d lieu t au do. Khi mc logic ien ap chuyen t 1 xuong 0 (tng ng vi 1 sanpham a i qua cam bien). th phai co khoang thi gian t nhat e ch san pham tieptheo i ti nen mc logic thap cung phai ton tai t nhat 100 s. Do mc ien ap trongkhoang thi gian 100 s bang cach nap 100 vao R3, giam R3, khi R3 0 van tiep tuc domc. Lu o thuat giai do mc ien ap nh sau:

Bat au

DPTR # CAM

A @DPTR

=

R3 = 0

R3 - 1

R3 #100

A @DPTR (oc port B1)

ACC.0 = 0

S

S

R3 - 1

RET

R3 = 0


55/83



8. Chng trnh Blank: xoa so 0 khong co nghaChng trnh nay co y ngha nh sau: khi so san pham hay so hop ch ti hang n

v, chuc, tram th nhng so 0 ng trc no khong co ngha b loai bo (khong sang ) vacac o nh co ngha c lu (lan lt t hang n v hang ngan) vao cac o nh t70H 77H. Loai bo bang cach so sanh gia tr ln nhat hang ngan vi so 0 neu ung la 0

th xoa led hien th hang ngan, tiep tuc so sanh xem o nh hang tram vi so 0 neu ungla 0 th xoa led hien th hang tram, tng t cho hang chuc, con o nh hang n v gia trbang bao nhieu th led hang n v cung hien th.

A DEMHOP HLED 70 NGANLED 71 TRAM

A DEMHOP LLED 72 CHUCLED 73 DONVI

A DEM_ SPLLED 76 CHUCLED 77 DONVI

A DEM_SP H

LED 75 TRAM

A LED 70

( 1 )


56/83



( 1)

A =0S

Xoa LED 72

A LED 75

Xoa LED 70A LED 71

A =0S

Xoa LED 71A LED 72

A =

Xoa LED 75A LED 76

A =

S

Xoa LED 76

RET

A

Chng trnh blank


57/83



9. Chng trnh nhap hop:Chng trnh cho phep nhap cac so t 1 en 9999. Neu so c nhan t A en F

th yeu cau nhap lai. Khi so c nhan lu vao thanh ghi A t 1 en 9: neu chap nhan soth cac bit 7D, 7E = 0 va khi bit 7D = 1 th yeu cau nhap lai hop, bit 7E = 1, th thoatkhoi chng trnh. Cac gia tr c nhap nay c lu vao cac o nh t (74H) en (77H)

va 7C (LUHOPL:lu hop byte thap), 7D (LUHOPH: lu hop byte cao). Neu ong yvi so a nhap th nhan A ngc lai la B (xoa so a nhap)

S

(2)

Bat au

A = 0

BIT 7D = 1

HIEN TH nhap 0LU HOP L # 00HLU HOP H # 00HGoi nhan so th nhat

A N VN V LU HOP L

Goi nhan so th 2

BIT 7E = 1

BIT 7D = 1

RET

(1)


58/83



N V CHUCA N V

CHUC + N V LU HOP LGoi nhan so th 3

(2)

BIT 7E = 1

S

BIT 7E = 1

S

TRAM NGANCHUC TRAM

N V CHUCA N V

CHUC, N V LU HOP LNGAN,TRAM LU HOPH

RET

A = # 0AH

S

S

A = # 0BH

BIT 7D = 1

S

CHUC TRAM

N V CHUCA N VCHUC + N V LU HOP L

LU HOPH TRAMGoi nhan so th 4

(1)

BIT 7D = 1

(1)S

Lu o chng trnh nhap hop


59/83



10. Chng trnh nhap san pham:Chng trnh cho phep nhap cac so t 1 en 999. So ch c nhap khi cac bit 7D,

7E = 0 va khi bit 7D = 1 th yeu cau nhap lai. Cac gia tr c nhap nay c lu vaocac o nh t (74H) en (77H) va 7C (LUSPL: lu san pham byte thap), 7D (LUSPH:

lu san hpam byte cao). Neu ong y vi so a nhap th nhan A ngc lai la B (xoa so anhap)

Bat au

A = 0

S

S

Hien th Nhap O 0LU SPL # 00HLU SPH # 00HGoi nhan so th nhat

BIT 7D = 1

N V A

LU SPL NVGoi nhan so th 2

BIT 7E = 1

SBIT 7D = 1

CHUC N VN V A

LU SPL CHUC,NVGoi nhan so th 3

(2)

(3)

S


60/83



(2)

S

BIT 7E = 1

BIT 7D = 1

TRAM CHUCCHUC N V

N V ALU SPL CHUC,NV

LU SPH TRAM

Goi chng trnh do phm

A = # 0CH A = # 0BH

S

RET

S

(1)

(3)

Chng trnh con nhap san pham


61/83



11. Chng trnh delay:e khong che thi gian delay nap gia tr ban au cho timer. Set cho timer chay.

Khi timer em bang thi gian nap th c bao tran c set len [1]. Muon thi gian delayln nap gia tr cho R4, giam R4 sau moi lan tran timer. Nh the thi gian delay se la:

t = (R4) x count0. Khi R4 = 0 la het thi gian delay.

Bat au

TH0 # HIGHT COUNT0TL0 # LOW COUNT0

TR0 = 1

COUNT 0

Xoa c tranR4 - 1

Chaytimer

S

R4 = 0

S

Ret

(FFFF 0000)


62/83



12. Chng trnh con lu so san pham so hop trong moi ca san xuat:Chng trnh nay lu ket qua cua moi ca san xuat. So hop, so san pham c lu vaocac o nh t 30H 53H. Xet noi dung o nh 2EH, neu noi dung o nh 2EH = 1 va saukhi em xong va bang chuyen bao hieu ngng em th noi dung o nh 2EH trao chothanh ghi A va lu ket qua vao ca 1. Neu ca sau cho phep hoat ong th noi dung o nh

2EH tang len 1 va tng t c lu vao ca tng ng ( ca = ca trc + 1).13. Chng trnh con cho phep xem so lieu cua ca san xuat:Chng trnh nay xem ket qua cua moi ca san xuat, cu the la xem noi dung so hop sosan pham trong moi ca san xuat. e tai nay chung em ch viet chng trnh xem toi ala 9 ca. Tc la khi muon kiem tra ca nao th nhap cu the ca o la ca th may thong quaban phm bang cach nhan mot so. Trc o so hop, so san pham c lu vao cac o nht 30H 53H. Khi ro-le bang chuyen a ngng hoat ong sau mot ca nao o neu tieptuc muon nhap so lieu vao e em cho ca tiep theo th nhan mot phm bat ky khac phmE . Con neu nhan phm E tc la cho phep xem so lieu cua cac ca, ch can nhan phm coloai tr phm chc nang th ma phm nhan o c lu vao thanh ghi A. Neu A bang

may th se a noi dung o nh lu so lieu ca o ra bo phan hien th. Va neu muon xemtiep ca nao na th c nhan phm cho phep xem E roi nhap so lieu vao.Con khi muon lu so ca nhieu hn na nh toi a la t 0 99 hay t 0 999 hay t 0 999 th tng t nh tren ch khac la khi nhap so lieu vao th goi nhan toi a 2 so ,3so, hay 4 so th chng trnh nhap so lai giong nh trong chng trnh con nhap so sanpham va so hop, va nhieu ca c lu th so o nh cung phai c tang theo.

So san pham, hop cua cacca c lu vao o nh

a so lieu cua cac ca trong onh ra hien th


63/83



A 2EH

A =#01H

A =#02H

A =#03H

A =#04H

A =#05H

30H LUUHOPL

31H LUUHOPH32H LUU_SPL33H LUU_SPH

34H LUUHOPL35H LUUHOPH36H LUU_SPL37H LUU_SPH

38H LUUHOPL39H LUUHOPH3AH LUU_SPL3BH LUU_SPH

3CH LUUHOPL3DH LUUHOPH3EH LUU_SPL3FH LUU_SPH


( 1 )

( 2 )S

S

S

S

S

LU:


64/83



RET

A =#06H

A =#07H

A =#08H

A =#09H

44H LUUHOPL45H LUUHOPH

46H LUU_SPL47H LUU_SPH

48H LUUHOPL49H LUUHOPH4AH LUU_SPL4BH LUU_SPH

4CH LUUHOPL4DH LUUHOPH4EH LUU_SPL4FH LUU_SPH


S

S

S

S

( 2 )

Lu o chng trnh lu so lieu


65/83



Goi chng trnh con do phm

A =#00H

A =#01H

A =#02H

A =#03H

A =#04H

LUUHOPL #FFHLUUHOPH #FFHLUU_SPL #FFHLUU_SPH #FFH

LUUHOPL 30HLUUHOPH 31HLUU_SPL 32H

LUU_SPH 33H

LUUHOPL 34HLUUHOPH 35HLUU_SPL 36HLUU_SPH 37H

LUUHOPL 38HLUUHOPH 39HLUU_SPL 3AHLUU_SPH 3BH

LUUHOPL 3CHLUUHOPH 3DHLUU_SPL 3EH

LUU_SPH 3FH ( 1 )

( 2 )S

S

S

S

S

XEM:

Lu o chn trnh cho he xem so lieu


66/83



A =#05H

A =#06H

A =#07H

A =#08H

A =#09H



LUUHOPL 48HLUUHOPH 49H

LUU_SPL 4AHLUU_SPH 4BH

LUUHOPL 4CHLUUHOPH 4DHLUU_SPL 4EHLUU_SPH 4FH


S

S

S

S

S

( 2 )

RET Goi chng trnh blank(1)


67/83



B. CHNG TRNH HE THONG

;CHUONG TRINH DEM SAN PHAM VA DONG HOP;-----------------KHAI BAO CAC BIEN HANG---------------------

CWR4 EQU 4003H ;CWR4ROLE_BC EQU 4000H ;PORTA4

CAMBIEN EQU 4001H ;PORTB4NGO_DP1 EQU 4002H ;PORTC4CWR6 EQU 6003H ;CWR6HIENTHI EQU 6000H ;PORTA6ROLE_DH EQU 6001H ;PORTB6CHONLED EQU 6002H ;PORTC6LED70 EQU 70HLED71 EQU 71HLED72 EQU 72HLED73 EQU 73HLED74 EQU 74H

LED75 EQU 75HLED76 EQU 76HLED77 EQU 77HLUU_SPL EQU 78H ;Luu san pham (byte thap)LUU_SPH EQU 79H ;Luu san pham (byte cao)DEM_SPL EQU 7AH ;Dem san pham (byte thap)DEM_SPH EQU 7BH ;Dem san pham (byte cao)LUUHOPL EQU 7CHLUUHOPH EQU 7DHDEMHOPL EQU 7EHDEMHOPH EQU 7FH

COUNT0 EQU -10000DELAY1 EQU 50DELAY2 EQU 20TOCDO1 EQU 9COUNT1 EQU -250BLK EQU 0FHSTART EQU 0CHNO BIT 7DHYES BIT 7EHLUU_CY BIT 7FH

;-------------------------CHUONG TRINH CHINH-----------------ORG 00HLJMP BAT_DAU0ORG 1BHLJMP NGAT_T1ORG 30H

BAT_DAU0: MOV R1,#LED77MOV R2,#TOCDO1MOV TMOD,#21HMOV TH1,#COUNT1LCALL KD_NVSETB TR1


68/83



SETB ET1SETB EA

BAT_DAU1: MOV 2EH,#00HMOV 30H,#00HMOV 31H,#00HMOV 32H,#00H

MOV 33H,#00HMOV 34H,#00HMOV 35H,#00HMOV 36H,#00HMOV 37H,#00HMOV 38H,#00HMOV 39H,#00HMOV 3AH,#00HMOV 3BH,#00HMOV 3CH,#00HMOV 3DH,#00HMOV 3EH,#00HMOV 3FH,#00HMOV 40H,#00HMOV 41H,#00HMOV 42H,#00HMOV 43H,#00HMOV 44H,#00HMOV 45H,#00HMOV 46H,#00HMOV 47H,#00HMOV 48H,#00HMOV 49H,#00H

MOV 4AH,#00HMOV 4BH,#00HMOV 4CH,#00HMOV 4DH,#00HMOV 4EH,#00HMOV 4FH,#00HMOV 50H,#00HMOV 51H,#00HMOV 52H,#00HMOV 53H,#00HMOV 54H,#00H

MOV 55H,#00HMOV 56H,#00HMOV 57H,#00H

BAT_DAU: MOV DEMHOPL,#00HMOV DEMHOPH,#00HMOV DEM_SPL,#00HMOV DEM_SPH,#00HINC 2EHMOV 77H,2EHMOV 76H,#BLK


69/83



MOV 75H,#BLKMOV 74H,#BLKMOV 73H,#BLKMOV 72H,#BLKMOV 71H,#0AHMOV 70H,#10H

MOV R4,#250LCALL DELAYMOV LED70,#0DH ;'N'MOV LED71,#0BH ;'H'MOV LED72,#0AH ;'A'MOV LED73,#0EH ;'P'LCALL NHAPHOPLCALL NHAP_SPMOV DPTR,#ROLE_BCMOV A,#0FFH ;Cho phep bang chuyen hoat dongMOVX @DPTR,A

DEM: LCALL BLANKLCALL DAUDOMOV A,DEM_SPLLCALL TANG_1MOV DEM_SPL,AJNC DU_SP?MOV A,DEM_SPHLCALL TANG_1MOV DEM_SPH,A

DU_SP?: MOV A,DEM_SPHCJNE A,LUU_SPH,DEMMOV A,DEM_SPL

CJNE A,LUU_SPL,DEMLCALL BLANKMOV R4,#DELAY1LCALL DELAYMOV A,#00HMOV DPTR,#ROLE_DHMOVX @DPTR,AMOV R4,#DELAY2LCALL DELAYMOV A,#0FFHMOVX @DPTR,A

MOV DEM_SPL,#00HMOV DEM_SPH,#00HMOV A,DEMHOPLLCALL TANG_1MOV DEMHOPL,AJNC DUHOP?MOV A,DEMHOPHLCALL TANG_1MOV DEMHOPH,A

DUHOP?: MOV A,DEMHOPH


70/83



CJNE A,LUUHOPH,DEMMOV A,DEMHOPLCJNE A,LUUHOPL,DEMLCALL BLANK

KETTHUC: MOV DPTR,#ROLE_BCMOV A,#00H

MOVX @DPTR,AMOV A,2EHLCALL LUU

L14: LCALL IN_HEXCJNE A,#0EH,L12MOV 77H,#BLKMOV 76H,#BLKMOV 75H,#BLKMOV 74H,#BLKMOV 73H,#BLKMOV 72H,#BLKMOV 71H,#0AHMOV 70H,#10H

L13: LCALL IN_HEXPUSH ACCCLR CSUBB A,#0AHPOP ACCJNC L13MOV 77H,ALCALL DELAYLCALL XEMMOV 74H,#0CH

MOV DEMHOPL,LUUHOPLMOV DEMHOPH,LUUHOPHMOV DEM_SPL,LUU_SPLMOV DEM_SPH,LUU_SPHLCALL BLANKLCALL DELAYLJMP L14

L12: MOV A,2EHCJNE A,#09H,L15LJMP BAT_DAU1

L15: LJMP BAT_DAU

;------------------KHAI BAO CHUONG TRINH CON-----------------;CHUONG TRINH CON LUU SO HOP, SO SAN PHAM

LUU: NOPL0: CJNE A,#01H,L1

MOV 30H,LUUHOPLMOV 31H,LUUHOPHMOV 32H,LUU_SPLMOV 33H,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L1: CJNE A,#02H,L2


71/83



MOV 34H,LUUHOPLMOV 35H,LUUHOPHMOV 36H,LUU_SPLMOV 37H,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L2: CJNE A,#03H,L3

MOV 38H,LUUHOPLMOV 39H,LUUHOPHMOV 3AH,LUU_SPLMOV 3BH,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L3: CJNE A,#04H,L4MOV 3CH,LUUHOPLMOV 3DH,LUUHOPHMOV 3EH,LUU_SPLMOV 3FH,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L4: CJNE A,#05H,L5MOV 40H,LUUHOPLMOV 41H,LUUHOPHMOV 42H,LUU_SPLMOV 43H,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L5: CJNE A,#06H,L6MOV 44H,LUUHOPLMOV 45H,LUUHOPHMOV 46H,LUU_SPLMOV 47H,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L6: CJNE A,#07H,L7MOV 48H,LUUHOPLMOV 49H,LUUHOPHMOV 4AH,LUU_SPLMOV 4BH,LUU_SPHLJMP L10

L7: CJNE A,#08H,L8MOV 4CH,LUUHOPLMOV 4DH,LUUHOPHMOV 4EH,LUU_SPLMOV 4FH,LUU_SPH

LJMP L10L8: CJNE A,#09H,L10

MOV 50H,LUUHOPLMOV 51H,LUUHOPHMOV 52H,LUU_SPLMOV 53H,LUU_SPH

L10: RET;------------------------------------------------------------

;CHUONG TRINH CON XEMXEM: NOP


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CJNE A,#00H,H0MOV LUUHOPL,#0FFHMOV LUUHOPH,#0FFHMOV LUU_SPL,#0FFHMOV LUU_SPH,#0FFHLJMP H9

H0: CJNE A,#01H,H1MOV LUUHOPL,30HMOV LUUHOPH,31HMOV LUU_SPL,32HMOV LUU_SPH,33HLJMP H9

H1: CJNE A,#02H,H2MOV LUUHOPL,34HMOV LUUHOPH,35HMOV LUU_SPL,36HMOV LUU_SPH,37HLJMP H9

H2: CJNE A,#03H,H3MOV LUUHOPL,38HMOV LUUHOPH,39HMOV LUU_SPL,3AHMOV LUU_SPH,3BHLJMP H9

H3: CJNE A,#04H,H4MOV LUUHOPL,3CHMOV LUUHOPH,3DHMOV LUU_SPL,3EHMOV LUU_SPH,3FH

LJMP H9H4: CJNE A,#05H,H5

MOV LUUHOPL,40HMOV LUUHOPH,41HMOV LUU_SPL,42HMOV LUU_SPH,43HLJMP H9

H5: CJNE A,#06H,H6MOV LUUHOPL,44HMOV LUUHOPH,45HMOV LUU_SPL,46H

MOV LUU_SPH,47HLJMP H9

H6: CJNE A,#07H,H7MOV LUUHOPL,48HMOV LUUHOPH,49HMOV LUU_SPL,4AHMOV LUU_SPH,4BHLJMP H9

H7: CJNE A,#08H,H8MOV LUUHOPL,4CH


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MOV LUUHOPH,4DHMOV LUU_SPL,4EHMOV LUU_SPH,4FHLJMP H9

H8: CJNE A,#09H,H9MOV LUUHOPL,50H

MOV LUUHOPH,51HMOV LUU_SPL,52HMOV LUU_SPH,53HLJMP H9

H9: RET;------------------------------------------------------------

;CHUONG TRINH CON CHO HIEN THINGAT_T1: MOV LUU_CY,C

DJNZ R2,THOATT1MOV R2,#TOCDO1PUSH ACCPUSH DPHPUSH DPLMOV DPTR,#CHONLEDMOV A,R1SWAP AMOVX @DPTR,AMOV DPTR,#HIENTHIMOV A,@R1LCALL TRABANGMOVX @DPTR,ADEC R1POP DPL

POP DPHPOP ACCCJNE R1,#LED70-1,THOATT1MOV R1,#LED77

THOATT1: MOV C,LUU_CYRETI

;------------------------------------------------------------;CHUONG TRINH CON KHOI DONG THIET BI NGOAI VI

KD_NV: MOV DPTR,#CWR4MOV A,#82H ;PORTB4:INPUTMOVX @DPTR,A

MOV DPTR,#ROLE_BCMOV A,#00

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