9360 Naxalite Brief

8/11/2019 9360 Naxalite Brief

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Data compiled and retrieved to July 30, 2009

Naxalite Brief

*Conclusions for key issues:

How autonomous are their operations, what's the organizational structureWhile the a!alites are ordered into state divisions "ith a central #overnin# $ody,there are several re#ional or#ani%ations "hich e!ert disproportionate influenceover the "hole& 'uch of the "ei#ht a particular Committee has is #overned $y thepresti#e and connection of its leader& 'any of the more hi#h(profile 'aoistleaders in the current C)('aoist structure come from +ndhra )radesh& Dominantleaders and their immediate or#ani%ations appear to dictate a!alite policy andlead actions in their area&

How the naxalite groups coordinate across state lines'uch of a!alite activity appears specific to the re#ion, and diverse tactics and

policy amon# 'aoists in different states attests to their re#ional autonomy&o"ever, the flo" of more sophisticated "eapons, 'aoist e!perts -in $om$makin#, infiltration, military tactics, etc&., fundin# and hi#h(profile leaderssu##est that there is a de#ree of inter(state activity directed $y the CentralCommittee& /here have consistently $een hi#h(level meetin#s $et"een rankin#%onal commanders that police try to attack&

What caused the increase in naxalite activity

n some states, 'aoist activity "as reported to have #one do"n, lar#ely thanks tosecurity efforts, particularly in +ndhra )radesh& ut $oth state #overnments andthe national #overnment have reported an increased 'aoist threat& 1ome factors

mi#ht include /he relatively recent consolidation of the a!als into one or#ani%ation /he improvement of a!al armament and trainin# Continuin# economic insta$ility in the tri$al areas + lack of an effective national counter(insur#ency plan so far /he recent shakeup of 'aoist leaders $y assassination and arrest*West en#al and al#arh may prove to $e a uniue case& n addition to anirre#ular structure for the a!als there -heavy reliance on un(inte#rated tri$al#roups like the )C+)+., the West en#al 'aoists appear much more sensitive topolitical issues and have $een accused of $ein# hired #oons for political parties

Contents

I. Organization

II. Operations and Funding

III. Government Action


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/he modern C)('aoist comes from a mer#er of the 'aoist Communist Centre -'CC.and the Communist )arty of ndia -'ar!ist(eninist. to form the Communist )arty ofndia -'aoist. in 2004&

I. Organization:

560(20,000 a!alitesCPI!aoist Central Committee: #overnin# $ody of the C) -'aoist.& /he leadershiphas heavy representation from +ndhra )radesh& 'any have $een forced under#roundafter police efforts in recent years&

!upalla "a#s$man %ao &alias Ganapti': #eneral secretary, leader of the'aoists& /he former leader of C) -'(. )eoples War& /hou#ht to have $eenmovin# do"n south in the $e#innin# of 2009& e is from 7arimna#ar, +)&

%ama#ris$na: )W8, +ndhra rissa order -+.& )ossi$ly killed& !allo(ula )enugopal: associated "ith -D71C., from +) Pulluri Prasada %ao: orth /elan#ana 1pecial one Committee -/1C. from

+) !allo(ula *otes+ara %ao: in char#e of operations in operations in West en#al,

rissa and Jharkhand& ed al#arh offensive, possi$ly fled to an#ladesh& ;rom+)&

,at-anra-ana %edd-&alias *osa or ,ad$u or Gopanna': associated "ithD71C, ori#inally from +)

/he entire or#ani%ation is divided into Committees& /he leaders of the more importantcommittees "ill also $elon# to the Central Committee&

1tate Committees


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P"GA &People/s "i0eration Guerilla Arm-':'ilitary component of the C) -'aoist. asic -villa#ers, rudimentary trainin#, militia. 1econdary -#uerrilla suads. 'ain -attack?protection platoons.1alams: /he $asic military unit of the 'aoists is the Dalam, or suad& Dalams "ill vary in num$er, typically have around 6@(40 mem$ers, thou#h this

can drastically chan#e $et"een states, preferences of leaders and specialcircumstances

Dalam commanders are sometimes reported as carryin# $etter "eapons than theirsu$ordinates

/he more sophisticated Dalams are suspected of conductin# dry runs $eforeoperations

ndividual fi#hters are typically referred to as cadres, or ultras /rainin# centers are thou#ht to $e in +ndhra )radesh and Chhattis#arh Dalams are sometimes com$ined for lar#er operations or initiatives, such as the

ndravati Company& /here are reports of more or#ani%ed 'aoist elements inChhattis#arh and +) plannin# to create even lar#er com$ined commands

!aoist structure 0- state: si#nificant Committees in each state& 'any Committees haveinter(state +=As

Bi$ar: suspected arms makers Bi$ar2$ar#$andnort$ C$attis$gar$ special area committee

2$ar#$and: )olice suspect arms factories to $e here

2$ar#$and ,tate Central Committee

3est Bengal: n contrast to the 'aoist or#ani%ations in other states, the Westen#al a!al effort is kno"n for $ein# $uilt up $y 'alloBula 7otes"ara =ao,alias 7ishanBi& =ao is from +), and "as promoted to the Central Committee$efore put in char#e of "estern 'aoist operations, specifically in West en#al&

PCAPA &People/s Committee Against Police Atrocities': this is nottechnically a a!alite committee, and is reco#ni%ed as $ein# a tri$alor#ani%ation distinct from the 'aoists& o"ever, as of operation al#arh,it has $een tar#eted $y police as such, and acts as a a!al militia

Orissa: suspected arms makers And$ra Orissa Bi$ar ,pecial onal Committee &AOB,C':e!ercises

control over 'alkan#iri, 7oraput, 8aBapati, a$aran#pur, =aya#ada and8anBam, has a $ureaucratic or#ani%ational structure, and is divided intot"o $ureaus& ne of the committees from "hich 'aoist policies are made&

2$ar#$andBi$arOrissa ,pecial onal Committee &2BOB,C'

*alinga Nagar Area Committee &*NAC'


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C$$attisgar$: much of the 'aoist leadership here is thou#ht to come from the/1C in +)& /here are thou#ht to $e trainin# centers and arms factories here&1al"a Judum, the #rassroots -no" federally $acked. anti('aoist militia took roothere&

3est Bastar 1ivisional Committee

1anda#aran-a ,pecial onal Committee &1*,C': this is purportedlyas po"erful as a state committee& t is the 'aoist stron#hold in the state&ed $y hi#h profile 'aoists "ho are also on the Central Committee, andmany of "hom "ere previously in the /1C

And$ra Prades$: the source of much of the 'aoist leadership, as "ell as thelocation of trainin# centers and arms factories& 'aoist elements here are often lessa##ressive than those in other states& 'aoists in the re#ion "ere nota$le forenterin# into -and then "ithdra"in# from. ne#otiations in 200@& /hey took heavylosses after that throu#h to 200>, particularly from the stateAs elite 8reyhound

anti(na!al force& AP ,tate Committee: operates in south /elan#ana, coastal districts,

allamalla forest area and in ydera$ad city& Nort$ 4elangana ,pecial onal Committee: +n authoritative committee

in +ndhra )radesh, and a source for nota$le 'aoists in other %ones,includin# =amakrishna& ccasionally seen as the leadin# committee in themovement&

!a$aras$tra: 'aoist activity here is thou#ht to $e directed $y the D71C

II. Operations and Funding

*/here are contested rumors of fundin#, euipment and trainin# comin# from epaleseand Chinese 'aoists, and occasional alle#ations of )akistani intelli#ence& /here is notmuch data to support or refute claims of outside influence on the a!alites&

4actics

'aoists are kno"n for carryin# out coordinated bandhs, economic sie#es of citiesor to"ns that involve surroundin# the tar#et "ith Dalams and cuttin# do"n treesto $lock roads& andhs are typically carried out for political tasks or protests

)olice claim that military trainin# and e!perience amon# a!alite ranks isresultin# in more intense fi#htin#, and less hit(and(run

)olice have reported 'aoists $e#innin# to use tunnels to move around andescape& /here is speculation that these "ere used to $y 'aoists in al#arh toescape

'aoists maintain online recruitin# sites ndian police have recovered several a!alite(made CDAs "ith trainin#,

or#ani%ation and "eapons instructionArmament:


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'any poorer 'aoists use cheap pistols, homemade "eapons and flintlocks& /hetri$al militias used $y the a!alites are often seen armed "ith $o" and arro",a!es and other primitive "eapons

/he landmineA -D. is used a#ainst police throu#hout a!al(affected ndia& /hene"er, more sophisticated DAs the a!als have $e#un usin# can $e hidden even

on developed roads or trees& 8elatin sticks and e!plosives are acuired fromminin# areas /hou#h the maBority of a!alite "eapons are taken from police and security

forces -typically +7(4>As, sometimes =)8As and heavy "eapons., 'aoist armsmakers in the Bun#le are capa$le of makin# a paharA pellet #un and ammunition,alon# "ith primitive rocket launchers

/hey use under#round arms net"orks to purchase more sophisticated "eapons 'aoists often steal electronic and communications euipment, and these are often

found in $usted 'aoist arms caches and hideoutsFunding:'aoist money is distri$uted amon# the Committees throu#h e!tensive $ud#ets,

su##estin# some de#ree central control of cash flo" 'aoist fundin# is thou#ht tocome primarily from

!tortion of officials, or#ani%ations, schools and to"ns in re#ions they control /a!es in forest produce, includin# ci#arette rollin# paper )rotection money from companies operatin# in a!al(infested Bun#les Dru# trade, mostly opium and mariBuana

III. Government action

+ meetin# $et"een the leaders of the a!al(affected states and Centre is planned for+u#ust, durin# "hich a military and economic strate#y for a!als throu#hout ndia ise!pected& /he national C)=;, "hich sa" e!tensive action in peration al#ar, is also$ein# enlar#ed&/he meetin# is si#nificant #iven the lack of a serious national strate#y so far:

/he West en#al #overnment only recently -and va#uely. $anned C)('aoist 'aharashtra and rissa have state specific pro#rams offerin# incentives for

surrenderin# 'aoists& /hey have not $een effective /he 8reyhounds force "hich si#nificantly reduced the a!als in +) "as

reuested $y the West en#al #overnment& /he reuest "as denied While +ndhra )radesh has its 8reyhounds and the union #overnment has

developed its o"n Co$ra unit and deployed it to West en#al, police in otherstates do not have the armament or trainin# to seriously challen#e the a!alites"ithout assistance

)aramilitary forces from the national #overnment have deployed to the red %one,alon# "ith development proBects for the tri$als& Coordination $et"een theseefforts state initiatives -or lack thereof. has $een "eak&

+dditionally, some have speculated that several C)'; paramilitary $attalions "ithdra"nfrom Jammu and 7ashmir "ill $e redeployed into 'aoist %ones


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,ources:

http:??"""&hindustantimes&com?1tory)a#e?1tory)a#e&asp!EsectionameFome)a#eGidFc>0a4@9a(addd(4333(aHa3(>$H9e@6224@HGeadlineFC=);ItoIleadI"arIa#ainstI=edIterrorI

Ne+ plan in +ar against %ed 4error

With the na!al insur#ency takin# on deadly ne" proportions, ndiaAs premier paramilitarytrou$leshooters are set to $ecome the frontline anti(maoist fi#htin# force&

/he #overnment is "orkin# on a plan to add 3H ne" $attalions or more than 3@,000men and "omen to the K0(year(old Central =eserve )olice ;orce, "hich is already thecountryAs lar#est paramilitary force "ith 2&> lakh personnel and is $i##er than the armies

of many countries&/he plan also includes a nation("ide intelli#ence net"ork for the C=); an acronymthat also is translated $y its o"n over"orked, al"ays(on(the(move, cadre as LChalte =aho)yare&M t "ould add more responsi$ility and po"ers to the paramilitary force to fi#htna!als, if the na!al(affected states come on $oard&

L/he Nnion ome 'inistry is #ivin# final touches to the plan,M C=); Director 8eneral+&1& 8ill told industan /imes&

is comments came as home minister )& Chidam$aram told parliament on Wednesday

that the #overnment "ould soon evolve a comprehensive strate#y to fi#ht na!als&/he move coincides "ith a spike in na!al attacks, "hich have already claimed lives of atleast 249 security personnel in the past si! months a fi#ure that tops similar casualtiesin all of last year and is ei#ht times the num$er of soldiers killed $y insur#ents in JG7this year&
http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=c70a459a-addd-4333-a8a3-7b89e5122458&Headline=CRPF+to+lead+war+against+Red+terrorhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=c70a459a-addd-4333-a8a3-7b89e5122458&Headline=CRPF+to+lead+war+against+Red+terrorhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=c70a459a-addd-4333-a8a3-7b89e5122458&Headline=CRPF+to+lead+war+against+Red+terrorhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=c70a459a-addd-4333-a8a3-7b89e5122458&Headline=CRPF+to+lead+war+against+Red+terrorhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=c70a459a-addd-4333-a8a3-7b89e5122458&Headline=CRPF+to+lead+war+against+Red+terrorhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=c70a459a-addd-4333-a8a3-7b89e5122458&Headline=CRPF+to+lead+war+against+Red+terror


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L;or many years "e did not properly assess the threat posed $y eft("in# e!tremism& Weunder(estimated the challen#e and in the mean"hile they -a!alites. e!tended theirinfluence,M Chidam$aram told )arliament on Wednesday& L/oday they -a!alites. pose a#rave challen#e &&& We are preparin# to taken on the challen#e& Details cannot $edisclosed no"&M

e said the #overnment has appointed a special military adviser and "ill convene ameetin# of C's of na!al(affected states ne!t month&

/he na!als, "ho have a presence in more than 6@0 districts across nine states, havestepped up attacks in recent months& arlier this "eek they am$ushed a police convoy,killin# nearly 40 people, in Chhattis#arh a stron#hold for the re$els "ho $elieve inrevolutionary "arfare&

Chidam$aram did not #ive details of the #overnmentAs plan&

L;or the first time, the C=); "ill $e settin# up its o"n intelli#ence net"ork at thenational level,M 8ill said, addin# it "ill also have more $om$ disposal suads& Lut "e"ill have to "ait for it to come out&M

/he #overnment has yet to take a final vie" in the matter, he said&

1ince la" and order is a state issue, consultation is on "ith the states on "hat role andpo"ers could $e #iven to the paramilitary force to carry out the anti(a!al operations&1ome states have already e!pressed reservations on certain provisions to $e incorporatedin the plan&

http:??"""&dnaindia&com?india?reportOnaveen(s(#ames(to(fi#ht(maoistsO62>>>40Naveen's games to fight Maoists

B$u0anes+ar: +fter all the fire po"er failed, rissa chief minister aveen )atnaik has come up "ith a ne"

"eapon to fi#ht the 'aoist menace& e "ill promote sports in all 'aoist(affected districts to "ean the youth

a"ay from 'aoists& /he state "ill promote #ames like volley $all, foot$all, hockey and cricket&

P=s2 lakh "ould $e #iven to every tri$al dominated district to distri$ute sports kits and or#anise sports events,P

)atnaik said&lated over the proposal, sports secretary 1uresh Chandra )atnaik said it "ould help $ind the youth

to#ether&

n the last five years, the state #overnment has appointed H,H@2 police personnel& +lso 900 e!(servicemen "ere

recruited to raise the rissa 1pecial 1trikin# ;orce& +nother 2,600 special police officers consistin# of tri$als

"ere recruited from 'aoist(affected districts&
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_naveen-s-games-to-fight-maoists_1277740http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_naveen-s-games-to-fight-maoists_1277740


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ut "ith the 'aoists still active, the state $elieves the sport events "ill do the trick& /he state has also decided to

en#a#e tri$al youth a#ainst 'aoists& /he state plans to appoint 4,000 youths as home #uards and recruit another

3,000 special police officers from tri$al districts&

)atnaik has also ur#ed the Nnion defence minister to launch a special recruitment drive for tri$al youths P"ith

suita$le modifications in the minimum reuired physical standardP in the armed forces&/he C' also plans to fill

up all health sector vacancies in areas affected $y 'aoists on a priority $asis&

'ean"hile on 1unday ni#ht, 'aoists attacked a rail"ay station at 1a#adapata in 7eonBhar and $eat up the

officials and snatched their mo$ile phones&

http:??"""&voane"s&com?en#lish?2009(0>(6@(voa62&cfm

Indian Official ,a-s !aoist 4$reat 5nderestimated 0- Government

+ top ndian official says the #overnment underestimated the threat posed $y 'aoistre$els, and is dra"in# up plans to repel the left "in# insur#ents& n the last month the#uerrillas "ere $lamed for darin# attacks tar#etin# security forces&

ndian ome 'inister )& Chidam$aram told )arliament Wednesday that the #overnmentfailed to correctly assess the #ro"in# threat posed $y 'aoist re$els&

P think "e underestimated the challen#e,P Chidam$aram said& Pn the mean"hile the left"in# e!tremists have e!tended their areas of influence, they have entrenched themselves&/oday they pose a very #rave challen#e to the state&P

/he ome 'inisterQs statement came days after suspected 'aoist re$els killed more than30 policemen in eastern Chattis#arh state& t "as one of the most $ra%en attacks $lamedon the #uerrillas& )olice say the re$els first tar#eted a security patrol and then "aited forreinforcements to rush in $efore mountin# a hu#e attack&

/he attack in Chattis#arh came as security forces "ere tryin# to esta$lish control over a#roup of villa#es "hich had $een sei%ed $y the #uerrillas in West en#al state&

ome 'inister Chidam$aram says the #overnment is Ppreparin# to take on thechallen#eP posed $y the re$els to the countryQs security& e says the #overnment "ill

convene a meetin# ne!t month of states "here the re$els are active& Chidam$aram ur#edla"makers not to i#nore the dan#er they pose&

PDetails cannot $e disclosed& )lans are $ein# dra"n up&&& ut "e must all reco#ni%e, allsections of the house must reco#ni%e, "e must remain a democratic repu$lic ruled $y la","e must collectively rise up and face the challen#e of left "in# e!tremism,PChidam$aram said&
http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-07-15-voa12.cfmhttp://www.voanews.com/english/2009-07-15-voa12.cfm


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'aoist re$els, "hose num$ers are estimated at 60,000 to 20,000, have esta$lished $asesin remote areas in eastern ndia& )overty is still "idespread in these areas, "hich haveremained untouched $y the countryQs recent economic $oom&

/he risin# influence of the left "in# insur#ents is also $lamed on poor #overnance in

remote areas& +nalysts say the re$els often #ain influence $y intimidation in areas "herethe state apparatus is virtually non e!istent&

1ecurity analysts have lon# stressed the need for more concerted action a#ainst the#uerrillas, and $etter trainin# and communication facilities for security forces deployed totackle them&

http:??timesofindia&indiatimes&com?articlesho"?6>>3>00&cms

AP !aoists led 6rra0ore massacreRD=++D: With the em$ers of rra$ore still #lo"in# hot, it has emer#ed that'aoist leaders from +ndhra )radesh masterminded the na!alite raidon the Chhattis#arh villa#e on 'onday&

ntelli#ence sources said the raid on the 1al"a Judum relief camp in rra$ore "as led $y+) 'aoists $e(lon#in# to the Dandakaranya 1pecial onal Committee -D71C. of C)-'aoist.&

+s many as @0 na!alites of different ranks from +) are said to $e deployed in the 30

dalams and >0 local #uerrilla suads raised $y the C) -'aoist. in Chhattis#arh& 'any ofthem are said to have participated in the attack on the relief camp, "hich left 2K villa#ersdead on 'onday&

'ost of the +) na!alites active in Chhattis#arh are from the /elan#ana districts "ith priorfi#htin# e!perience in the C) -'aoist. orth /elan#ana 1pecial onal Committee&

+ccordin# to police sources, they "ere transferred to the D71C a fe" years a#o to "hipup a popular movement in Chhattis#arh and train locals in #uerrilla tactics&

1ome of these na!alites are "ith C) -'aoist. fronts such as the Dandakaranya +divasi7isan 'a%door 1an#h, 7rantikari +divasi alak 1an#h, 7rantikari 'ahila 1an#h,7rantikari 7isan Committee and 'ahila 'ukti 'orcha& /hese or#anisations "ere $anned$y the Chhattis#arh #overnment in +pril 200K&

/he D71C has five divisional committees: 1outh astar, orth astar, West astar, andthe 8adchiroli and +$uBhmad divisional committees& /he rra$ore area, "here the 1al"aJudum activists "ere massacred $y the 'aoists on 'onday, falls in south astar district&
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1773700.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1773700.cms


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/he D71C secretary 7osa alias 1atyanarayana =eddy, "ho is also a mem$er of the C)-'aoist. Central Committee, hails from /elan#ana& )olice suspect that the likelymastermind of the rra$ore attack "as D71C tech(committee in(char#e 8ade +shokalias +ithu, another 'aoist e!port from +ndhra )radesh&

/he D71C secretary 1rinivas alias =amanna is also from +), as also Central Committeemem$ers 7atakam 1udarshan and 'alloBula 7otesh"ara =ao alias Senu#opal&

1even dalams, consistin# of 40 persons each, moved into the Dandakaranya area $et"een+pril and July 69H0 and started operations in the +ndhra )radesh('aharashtra('adhya)radesh $order area&

'ean"hile, the Chhattis#arh and +) police have started Boint com$in# operations alon#the interstate $order& /he +ndhra )radesh police pressed its anti(na!alite unit 8reyhoundsto scour for na!alites in the Chinturu and Dummu#udem areas in 7hammam district&rra$ore is Bust 2@ km from the +) $order&

http:??timesofindia&indiatimes&com?Cities?e"(a!al(front(to(spur(activities?articlesho"?4@>0K30&cms

Ne+ Naxal front to spur activities

8+DC=: a!als are learnt to have opened a ne" front at their stron#hold in8adchiroli called ndravati Company,A christenin# it after theriver that separates the states of 'aharashtra and +ndhra )radesh& /he revelation hascome to fore recently, amon# other inputs, after surrendered a!als revealed crucial

details on $ein# interro#ated&ndravati Company, formed $y amal#amatin# t"o platoondalams havin# a stren#th ofaround >@ cadres, has $een made functional to #ive impetus to the movement in thesouthern part of 8adchiroli, "hich is included in the am$itious Dandakaranya plan of thea!als&

/he ne"ly formed company, "hich is placed under 8adchiroli($ased senior cadreidentified as 1uresh, has $een assi#ned special responsi$ilities alon# "ith stren#thenin#the movements in the stron#hold&

/he company, active in 7ot#ul, 'ale"ada and ed#aon, is learnt to have $een assi#nedduties like escortin# cadres and #uardin# consi#nments durin# shipment& +ccordin# to asource, the outfit is operatin# in such a manner that it #ets strate#ic support andreinforcement in times of need from their cadres in 1outh 8adchiroli, 'adh division and"est astar&

/he interro#ation of surrendered a!als, it has $een learnt throu#h relia$le sources, has$rou#ht a fresh perspective in the theory that local cadres have $een reinforced "ith the
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cms


11/47

inclusion of 'aoist cadres, trained in sophisticated military skills, from epal& /hetheory "as floated after C(K0 commander 'unna 1in#h /hakur and his team divul#ed thedetails of the opponents that they had to face durin# 'un#ner encounter in +pril lastmonth& /he fact that cadres, "ho "ere donnin# darkish outfits, had $asically mi#rated to8adchiroli to support the local cadre to e!ecute an assault on police and commandoparty&

/he interro#ation details also thre" li#ht on the 'arke#aon encounter "hich left 3H copsdead in ;e$ruary& /he attack "as planned and e!ecuted $y the active participation of)latoon Dalam no& 6@, /ippa#arh Dalam and order Dalam formed $y amal#amatin#stren#th of a couple of companies, out of five, that "ere part of the military stren#th ofna!al $ase of Dandakaranya operatin# alon# 'aharashtra and Chhattis#arh&

http:??"""&rediff&com?ne"s?2009?fe$?6>is(maoist(talks(offer(part(of(pre(poll(deal(in(chhattis#arh&htmIs !aoist tal#s offer part of prepoll deal in C$$attisgar$7

/he offer for peace talks $y the Dandakaranya 1pecial onal Committee of 'aoists inChhattis#arh has raised many uestions&

/he three most important amon# them are: Comin# from a %onal committee (( as opposedto the central committee or the polit$uro as is the norm (( is the offer #enuine andcredi$leE o" "ill the #overnment reactE +nd the most intri#uin# and insidious: s thisthe result of a deal that the #overnment cut "ith the re$els in the run up to the electionsE8o+ genuine is t$e offer7

Tuestions have $een raised a$out the credi$ility of )andu, the D1C mem$er, "ho hadt"ice made statements in the past fortni#ht invitin# the #overnment and "here he fi#ures

in the 'aoist peckin# order&Pffers for talks are usually issued $y the central committee& f in this case, )andu isissuin# the statement, "hat a$out the other %ones in other states or even in Chhattis#arhE+re they for sittin# do"n "ith the #overnment for talksEP asks ) C ota, a =aipur($asedindependent Bournalist&

ntelli#ence sources, ho"ever say that )andu is senior enou#h and it is no surprise thatthe offer has come from him& nstead, all their dou$ts are a$out the motive of the 'aoists&P/hou#h they are no"here near finished, they certainly have suffered uite a fe"set$acks in recent months& 1o one needs to verify "hat their motive is $efore Bumpin# toanyconclusion,P a senior state intelli#ence officer said&

Communist )arty of ndia('ar!ist leader and leader of the tri$al or#anisation +divasi'ahasa$ha, 'anish 7unBam, ho"ever, said the move is important since theDandakaranya re#ion is the most important 'aoist stron#hold in the country and theinvitation from the %onal committee should $e seen in that li#ht& P/he D1C is aspo"erful as the state
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://www.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/17is-maoist-talks-offer-part-of-pre-poll-deal-in-chhattisgarh.htmhttp://www.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/17is-maoist-talks-offer-part-of-pre-poll-deal-in-chhattisgarh.htmhttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/New-Naxal-front-to-spur-activities/articleshow/4570630.cmshttp://www.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/17is-maoist-talks-offer-part-of-pre-poll-deal-in-chhattisgarh.htmhttp://www.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/17is-maoist-talks-offer-part-of-pre-poll-deal-in-chhattisgarh.htm


12/47

committee& 1o, any offer from them should $e taken "ith due seriousness& ;urther, "hatthey have demanded as conditions for talks are all very fair demands,P he said&

/hus, assumin# the authenticity of the offer, "here does the #overnment standE

4$e ,tate9s response:

;irst, there are the demands of the 'aoists: Q+ conducive and pro(people atmosphereQ in#eneralU the dismantlin# of the 1al"a Judum campai#n in particular& /his $asically strikesat the very root of #overnment action and means it has to #o $ack to suare one& PWhatthis effectively means is the #overnment has to #o $ack on almost every step it has takenso far in its previous term,P ota said&

n turn, "elcomin# the 'aoistsQ offer, Chief 'inister =aman 1in#h said he is ready fortalks if the 'aoists lay do"n arms& Which is askin# them to #o $ack to suare one& P+sthin#s stand, there is no Qcondition or atmosphereQ for talks,P ota said&

!perts are even more cynical and take a harsher vie"& n the one side you have the'aoists, "ho are kno"n to use peace talks as a diversion tactic and $uy time to re#roup"henever they have $een "eakened& Pt is the policy of the a!als that they "ill never sitfor talks "ith any #overnment (( state or Nnion& +lso, another thin# that needs to $e keptin mind is that "hatever method they employ, their final o$Bective never chan#es,P said )S =amana, a research fello" at the Delhi($ased think(tank D1+&

Pn the other side, you have a #overnment that has pursued a very ruthless anti(a!ala#enda& s it possi$le that a chief minister "ho pursued a very ruthless anti(a!al policyshift his stand and sit do"n for talksE f he does, the uestion to $e asked "ill $e: "hy a

chan#e of heart no",P he said&1o, keepin# in conte!t the in the li#ht of recent developments, there could $e only onereason for the offer, he said&

P/he 'aoists may $e tryin# to test the #overnmentQs intent very early into its secondterm,P =amana reasoned&

thers have also raised the point of ho" the #overnment "ill #o ahead, if the need arises&/here is already talk in =aipur that the state has decided to appoint the director #eneral ofpolice to head the #overnment in the talks if it happens& P/he pro$lem here is neither isthe a!al pro$lem a merely la" and order pro$lem nor is the D8) a #overnmentrepresentative& e is only a departmental head,P ota said addin# that this sho"s the#overnment may not $e really serious a$out holdin# talks&

Pven if $oth parties a#ree on terms for talks, the choice of the #overnment to head thetalks "ill $ecome a contentious issue,P he said& 1o if neither the #overnment is seriousnor is there a conducive atmosphere, "hy has the issue cropped up no"E


13/47

3as t$ere a prepoll deal7

/his leads to the most pertinent uestion $ein# raised from many uarters& Was there apre(electiondeal $et"een the 'aoists and the #overnmentE /his uestion had surfaced inthe local media soon after the J) "on the elections&

/he election "as supposed to $e a close affair "ith the Con#ress and the J) runnin#each other close& ut "hile the results from across the state "ere on e!pected lines, theastar re#ion, "here the Con#ress "as e!pected todentthe J)Qs earlier tally of nine out of 62 seats, proved spoiler and the J) #ot Bust a$outenou#h seats to form the #overnment&

n fact, in Dante"ada constituency, till pollin# day all indications "ere of a close fi#ht$et"een 'ahendra 7arma and 'anish 7unBam& ut a senior police officer in the re#ion"as confident on his "as $ack from a remote pollin# party& P/he J) "ill "in& ot Bust inDante"ada, $ut in the rest of the re#ion,P he said&

+ senior intelli#ence officer a#reed: P/he Con#ress votes all "ere in the villa#es& +ndsince pollin# "as considera$ly disrupted due to 'aoist violence, the J) emer#ed as"inners,P he said&

Pvery"here else in the state, the results "ere on e!pected lines& t "as the astar re#ionthat tilted the scales in the rulin# partyQs favour& 1o there is no dou$t that the J) #aineddue to the disruption of pollin# in the re#ion& +nd it is uite possi$le a deal "as cut,P headded& + security analyst "ho did not "ant to $e named for this report, said thisseems to $e the most likely reason for the 'aoistsQ invitation for peace talks& P/his seemslike the only reason& kno" that there "as speculation to this effect at hi#h levels durin#the election time& t is very much possi$le that the 'aoists had cut a deal $efore theelections and a ceasefire mi#ht have $een part of it& /hey mi#ht $e checkin# if the#overnment is "illin# to keep its end of the promise,P he said&

7unBam, "hose loss "as one of the shock results of the elections, said there is indeedsomethin# fishy in the "ay the #overnment has responded&

P/he second offer from )andu came on /hursday& /he same day, you had the homeminister "elcomin# the offer& /he chief minister also said it "as a "elcome move& Couldthe #overnment speak so soon "ithout even havin# discussed the issueE t "as as thou#hthey "ere e!pectin# it,P he said&

+sked specifically if there could have $een a deal $et"een the t"o sides, he said: P/herehas $een this suspicion ever since the election& think the #overnment should use this asan opportunity to clear the air& f the t"o parties come out in the open and sit for talks,this issue can $e confirmed and clarified one "ay or the other,P he said&

http:??timesofindia&indiatimes&com?articlesho"?64H23K>&cms
http://www.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/17is-maoist-talks-offer-part-of-pre-poll-deal-in-chhattisgarh.htmhttp://www.rediff.com/news/2008/dec/09dantewada-sees-lotus-bloom-for-first-time.htmhttp://www.rediff.com/news/2008/dec/09dantewada-sees-lotus-bloom-for-first-time.htmhttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://www.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/17is-maoist-talks-offer-part-of-pre-poll-deal-in-chhattisgarh.htmhttp://www.rediff.com/news/2008/dec/09dantewada-sees-lotus-bloom-for-first-time.htmhttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cms


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Naxals drop conclave plans

RD=++D: ntensive com$in# operations in allamalla forest have forced the C)-'aoist. to postpone its +)State Committeemeetin#& /his

conclave is a preparatory meetin# for the 'aoist con#ress "hich is likely to $e held $yyear(end in Chhattis#arh&

/he state committee meet "as supposed to $e held in ;e$ruary at rra#undlapalem in)rakasam district, $ut "as cancelled in the last minute after cops moved their forces tothe meetin# venue in allamalla forest& +ll alternative plans for the meetin# also fellthrou#h due to intensified com$in# operations, police sources said&

o"ever, the 'aoist hi#h command has reportedly asked the %onal committees to finishtheir meetin#s $y Decem$er& nAndhra Pradesh,there are three committees +) 1tateCommittee, orth /elan#ana 1pecial onal Committee and +ndhra(rissa order onal

Committee&+) 1tate Committee operates in south /elan#ana, coastal districts, allamalla forest areaand in ydera$ad city&

orth /elan#ana 1pecial onal Committee -/1C. looks after party activities in north/elan#ana districts 7arimna#ar, Waran#al, i%ama$ad and +dila$ad "hile the +ndhra(rissa order -+. concentrates on Sisakhapatnam, Si%iana#aram, 1rikakulam, part ofast 8odavari and the $orderin# districts of rissa&

'aoists holds their con#ress once in every three years& efore it, all district and %onal

committees hold their individual meetin#s& /he police came to kno" from somesurrendered na!alites that the congress"as scheduled to $e held in 'arch at +$u%madforest in Chhattis#arh state&

Due to killin# of 1al"a Judum activistsat Dante"ada and su$seuent deployment of hu#esecurity forces, the 'aoists decided to postpone their conclave to Decem$er&

PWe #ot information that /1C and + conducted their %onal meetin#s "hile the +)1tate Committee is yet to convene one,P a senior police official said&

/he 'aoist leaders are reportedly plannin# to conduct their state committee meetin# in+u#ust or 1eptem$er& Pormally meetin#s do not take place in the forests in summer dueto poor #reen cover and "ater scarcity,P the police officer added&

http:??"""&deccanchronicle&com?national?lal#arh(revolt(#ro"s(ap(maoist(plotter(>0H
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://www.deccanchronicle.com/national/lalgarh-revolt-grows-ap-maoist-plotter-708http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1482367.cmshttp://www.deccanchronicle.com/national/lalgarh-revolt-grows-ap-maoist-plotter-708


15/47

Lalgarh revolt grows, AP Maoist is plotter

7olkata?e" Delhi?ydera$adJune 6>: al#arh, "hich has $een a C)-'. $astion for almost 30 years, continued to$urn on Wednesday as the much(a"aited Central forces "ere una$le to flush armed

'aoist cadres out of the so(called Lli$erated %oneM in West 'idnapore district of Westen#al&

'o$s alle#edly led $y 'aoists "ent on a killin# spree in nei#h$ourin# Jhar#ram, killin#three C)-'. cadres& /he West en#al Chief 'inister, 'r uddhade$ hattcharBee, ise!pected to discuss the situation "ith the )rime 'inister, Dr 'anmohan 1in#h, on;riday, even as the state received several companies of Central forces&

t has emer#ed that 'alloBula 7otes"ara =ao, a 'aoist top #un from the state,masterminded the uprisin# in al#arh violence, +) police officials said& =ao, "ho isinchar#e of party affairs in West en#al, also a mem$er of the central committee of the

'aoists& 1ources in the state intelli#ence department said that =ao is kno"n for $uildin#the movement from the #rassroot level&

+ senior )1 official of the state police said, L/he al#arh incident sho"s that 'aoistsare #oin# for positional "ar -occupyin# an area for prolon#ed periods. instead of#uerrilla "arfare& We are seein# the participation of a lar#e num$er of militias is for thefirst time in 'aoist history&M /he officer said this "as acharacteristic feature of the erst"hile 'aoist Communist Centre& n Chhattis#arh andrissa, militia attacks ended in a fe" hours after the 'aoists looted arms or foodsupplies& Loldin# an area for lon#er period like this is definitely alarmin#,M he said&

=ao is said to have masterminded the landmine attack on the convoy in ovem$er 200Hin "hich the West en#al Chief 'inister, 'r uddhade$ hattacharBee, and the thenNnion minister, 'r =am Silas )as"an, had a narro" escape&

West en#al has reuested state #overnment for the support of 8reyhounds to take on the'aoists& /he West en#al chief secretary, 'r +mit 7iran De$, has asked for the supportof the 8reyhound forces apart from central paramilitary forces&ut the state police is in no mood to send the 8reyhounds after their $itter e!perience oflosin# 3K 8reyhounds personnel in the alimela reservoir attack in rissa last year&

L/he option of sendin# 8reyhounds to West en#al is closed& We donAt kno" the terrain

of the place& /he support of local police and a local information net"ork is veryimportant,M a senior intelli#ence official said&Lt can $e difficult for en#al police to understand the functionin# of 8reyhounds& When@0,000 tri$als are attackin# -the police., "hat can the 8reyhounds do,M he said&

http:??"""&hindu&com?2009?06?29?stories?20090629@2@60300&htmOfficials $old (oint surve- of rail route
http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/29/stories/2009012952510300.htmhttp://www.hindu.com/2009/01/29/stories/2009012952510300.htm


16/47

+11+: nspector(8eneral of )olice -=ail"ays. 7&1&& Chikkerur and Deputynspector(8eneral of the =ail"ay )rotection ;orce C& /hamodaran on /uesday Bointlyinspected the rail"ay track $et"een the 1akleshpur and 1u$ramanyam =oad stations onthe assan('an#alore sector& /ravellin# on a mechanised trolley, they found as many as@0 vulnera$le spots "here na!alites could possi$ly hide and operate from&

1peakin# to this correspondent "ho accompanied the team, 'r& Chikkerur said that oflate na!alites had $een tar#etin# $oth #oods as "ell as passen#er trains& /here had $eenincidents in north ndia "here they had hiBacked passen#er trains and set them afire&ence, the Boint survey so that vulnera$le spots could $e identified& /he track passesthrou#h the Western 8hats&

'r& Chikkerur said that in 200>, a rail"ay en#ine had fallen 200 feet $elo" into acrevasse $et"een Done#al and the Redakumari =ail"ay 1tation& /he 6,000(tonne en#ine"as still lyin# at the spot as it "as impossi$le to lift it& nly a crane "ei#hin# 6,K00tonnes could do the Bo$, $ut it could not $e $rou#ht on to the $rid#e on "hich the track

runs& 'r& /hamodaran said the cost of liftin# it "ould $e more than that of the en#ineitself&

'r& Chikkerur said this "as their second such inspection of the re#ion& LWe have tried toidentify spots "here na!alites mi#ht possi$ly operate from& /here are @> tunnels and anum$er of sensitive $rid#es en route& /here are also certain spots that are on a hi#heraltitude as compared to the rail"ay track& /he very fact that na!alite movement has $eendetected in the re#ion only after their departure from the spots sho"s ho" convenient thespots are,M he said&

'r& Chikkerur said there "as also credi$le information that many na!alite leaders

preferred to travel inco#nito $y train and this had $een revealed durin# policeinterro#ation of some of them& e also said there "ere a num$er of incidents to sho"ho" vulnera$le the =ail"ays "as and ho" easy it "as for any$ody to carry e!plosives ormurder passen#ers "ithout $ein# cau#ht& L/he authorities are takin# "hatever steps theycan to prevent such incidents,M he added&

'r& Chikkerur also said that recently Nnion ome 'inister )& Chidam$aram convened ameetin# of leaders from na!alite(affected 1tates and told them that 'uppala akshmana=ao, also kno"n as 8anapathi the C) -'aoist. #eneral secretary, had moved do"nsouth& e directed the southern 1tates to $e on hi#h alert as 8anapthi could pose seriouspro$lems to the security of the re#ion& 'r& Chikkerur felt there "as every possi$ility thatsome na!alites may $e hidin# in 7erala& 'r& /hamodaran said the =ail"ay )rotection;orce "as takin# steps to prevent possi$le attacks&

http:??timesofindia&indiatimes&com?articlesho"?4639429&cms

!aoist leader toug$ nut to crac#
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/4139429.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/4139429.cms


17/47

/ 6> ;e$ruary 2009, 06:@2am 1/RD=++D: 'aoist top leader 7onapuri laiah alias 1am$asivudu proved to $e atou#h nut to crack for the officers of the special intelli#ence$ranch -1. "ho #rilled him all ni#ht on 1unday&

/o make matters "orse for the anti(na!alite #roup "hich "as e!ultin# that they finallyhad a pri%ed catch "ith them, 1am$asivudu "ho had served in the top position as C)-'aoist. + ) state committee secretary stoutly denied his involvement in any of themurders that the police tried to fi! upon him& /aken to a #uest house after he surrenderedat the 1 office, 1am$asivudu "as #rilled ri#ht from H pm till late in the ni#ht&

With 1am$asivudu "as makin# life difficult for his interro#ators, +ddl D8 -intelli#ence.7 +ravinda =ao himself #ot into the act early on 'onday mornin#& +ccordin# toinformed sources, 1am$asivudu stuck to his stance and insisted that he "as not involvedin any of the 6@ murder cases in "hich he "as named&

+s per police records, 1am$asivudu is involved in HH offences includin# 6@ murders and2H incidents of $last and dama#es& 'ost of the murder cases "ere re#istered in'ah$u$na#ar district "here he served as district committee mem$er and districtsecretary of C) -'aoist.&

P1am$asivudu even denied his involvement in the attack on former chief ministerChandra$a$u aidu at +lipiri near /irumala,P a senior police official said&

+ll that 1am$asivudu reportedly admitted to "as that he had led the attack on an armedout post at 'annanur and +mra$ad police station in 'ah$u$na#ar district in 200@&early 600 na!alites "ere involved in these t"o attacks& e also admitted that he "aspart of plannin# of the murder of 'aktal '+ Ch arsi =eddy on +u#ust 6@ in 200@ $utclaimed the action "as committed $y another team&

)olice sources said they stron#ly suspect the surrendered 'aoist leader is involved innumerous murders in 'ah$u$na#ar district like that of 7ollapur sarpanch 8autam =eddy,district Con#ress Committee #eneral secretary =andev =eddy, +champet mandalpresident 'adhusudhan =eddy, alamur head consta$le Jahan#ir, 7ollapur marketcommittee chairmanQs #unmen, alna#ar consta$le on the hi#h"ay and 'ulachinta 7untasu$ inspector 'oinuddin& ut he denied involvement in any of the murders&

+lthou#h 1am$asivudu claimed that he surrendered due to ill health, police sources saidhis transfer to the 'aoistsQ 7arnataka state committee in Decem$er 200> "as not to hislikin#& e "as also reportedly unhappy "ith top 'aoist leader =amakrishna "ho is no"in char#e of +ndhra rissa order -+. and central committee mem$er&

Pe "as supposed to #o 7arnataka from a#pur on ;e$ruary 63& ut he sent a letter tothe party informin# them of his decision to uit the 'aoist party& /hereafter he camedirectly to city,P sources said&


18/47

/he surrender of 1am$asivudu, ho"ever, "as not "ithout drama on 1unday ni#ht& /hepolice "ho had some inklin# a$out his surrender, did not "ant to take any chances andhad even "anted to arrest him, if possi$le&

+ccordin# to his $rother and former na!alite 7onapuri =amulu, 1am$asivudu had

reached the city three days a#o and had $een stayin# at an undisclosed place& =amulu"ho is district vice(president of the /elan#ana =ashtra 1amithi -/=1., al#onda, told/ that he approached former ') of al#onda 8utta 1ukhender =eddy and +lair '+7 a#esh to facilitate the surrender&

oth the pu$lic representatives spoke to the special intelli#ence officers "ho then #avethe #reen si#nal for his surrender around K pm on 1unday&

o"ever, even $efore the surrender at the 1 office at e#umpet could $e effected,nearly t"o do%en policemen surrounded =amuluQs house at 7othapet& P/hey surroundedthe house thinkin# that he "as in my house $ut he "as not "ith me& t "as only after

1am$asivudu reached the 1 office at > pm that they left from my house,P 7onapuri=amulu told /&

http:??"""&dailytimes&com&pk?default&aspEpa#eFstoryO2>(3(2003Op#HO63

/op 'aoist #uerrilla killed in ndia

RD=++D: ndian police in the southern state of +ndhra )radesh Wednesday shotdead a top 'aoist #uerrilla leader and four other mem$ers of an outla"ed #roup in t"oseparate encounters&

)olice said they launched a manhunt for re$el leader =amakrishna in the dense /iryaniforest, 2@0 km north of the state capital ydera$ad, after a tip(off&

Lt "as a lucky $reak for our men "ho chanced upon the re$el #roup "hen they stoppedfor some "ater inside the Bun#le,M 'ahesh ha#a"at, superintendent of police told +;)&=amakrishna "as a key leader of the )eopleAs War 8roup -)W8., ndiaAs oldest and mostviolent 'aoist #roup& /here "as a re"ard of one million rupees -V26,06@. on his head& +;)

http:??"""&indiane!press&com?ne"s?the(andhra(fi#ht$ack?4H2333?0

The Andhra fightbackn 'ay 24 this year, Waran#al )olice shot dead t"o top 'aoist leaders "anted in several sensationalcases, includin# the attempt on then Chief 'inister & Chandra$a$u aiduAs life in cto$er 2003& )&1udhakar =eddy alias 1hrikanth, a veteran 'aoist leader and mem$er of the C) -'aoist. Central'ilitary Commission, and 7& Senkiah, mem$er of the C) -'aoist. 1tate Committee, "ere shot deadin an encounter in a reserve forest area in /ad"ai 'andal&

/he encounter is one of the many the state has seen in the last five yearspart of a relentless andruthless offensive $y the +ndhra )radesh police to eliminate top 'aoist leaders and cadres, $anishin#
http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_27-3-2003_pg8_13http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-andhra-fightback/482333/0http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_27-3-2003_pg8_13http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-andhra-fightback/482333/0


19/47

them to the forests alon# the +ndhra(rissa $order "here they are desperately fi#htin# to retain theirfoothold& 1o "hile 'aoists continue to launch attacks in Chhattis#arh, Jharkhand and rissa and the

$attle in West en#al ra#es on, +ndhra )radesh, once hit the hardest $y 'aoist violence, is uiet&/hou#h a maBority of 'aoist leaders and cadres operatin# in Chhattis#arh, Jharkhand and rissa

$elon# to +ndhra )radeshincludin# '& 7otes"ara =ao "ho is leadin# the al#arh operationtheirhome state remains out of $ound for them& Just a decade a#o, 26 of +ndhra )radeshAs 23 districts "ere

insur#ency affected& o", there are very fe" 'aoists left in the state& What crippled the a!almovement "as an a##ressive anti('aoist drive that the +ndhra )radesh police and its elite anti(a!alcommando force 8reyhoundsA carried out over the last five years& 1ince 2003, more than H00 a!alsand 40 of their top leaders have $een killed in encounters "ith the police& n 200@, over 300 cadres,includin# four top leaders, "ere killed in encounters "hile as many "ere either arrested or forced tosurrender& n recent months, top 'aoists cadres, includin# several C) -'aoist. state and centralcommittee mem$ers, have $een killed&

+part from usin# $rute force to crush the a!als, the state #overnment "orked on a parallel,development track to "in over people in 'aoist areas& +s the #overnment focused on development in

$ack"ard re#ions "here the 'aoist movement once thrived, distri$uted land to poor and landlessfarmers in affected districts and came up "ith ne" irri#ation proBectshelped $y #ood rains in the lastfive yearsthe 'aoists slo"ly started losin# #round& With sympathy for the movement "anin#, the#roup is findin# it tou#h to find ne" recruits& +nd encounters like the one on 'ay 24 this year haveleft the 'aoists "ith a leadership vacuum& ;orced on the $ackfoot, the 'aoist movement has no"shifted mainly to Dandakaranya re#ion, the +ndhra(rissa $order, Chhattis#arh and Jharkhand, "ithmany leaders from +ndhra leadin# the movement&

Deputy nspector 8eneral of anti(a!al suad, 1hivdhar =eddy, says there are several reasons "hy+ndhra is uiet on the 'aoist front "hile there is $loodshed in the nei#h$ourin# states& L/he +)

police has had $i# success since 200@ in "eedin# out 'aoists& /here "as a tremendous thrust on anti(a!al operations, "hether in en#a#in# them directly or pushin# them out throu#h intensive com$in#operations, forcin# them across the $order& /he #overnment strate#y to develop $ack"ard and remotere#ions, "hich "as the $astion of 'aoists, also helped a lot& n spite of stiff resistance from the'aoists, our persistence paid off& /he #overnment also distri$uted a$out 3 lakh acres amon# poor and

landless la$ourers& /his "as $acked "ith irri#ation proBects that #enerate employment and as a result,people donAt sit idle, somethin# that the 'aoists earlier took advanta#e of,M says =eddy& L/he 'aoistsused to call /elan#ana al#arh $ecause it "as their $astion& "onAt say it is totally free of 'aoistsno", $ut yes, there is no 'aoist activity here these days& /hey are confined to one last post on the+ndhra(rissa $order in Sisakhapatnam and ast 8odavari districts&M

nce the stron#hold of the 'aoist movement, it "as in +ndhra )radesh that the Communist )arty ofndia('aoist eninist -C)('. and the )eopleAs War 8roup -)W8. took $irth in the early 69H0s& uteven $efore that, the a!al movement entered that state in 69KH throu#h the tri$al pockets of1rikakulam district $orderin# rissa and spread to north /elan#ana, Sisakhapatnam, Si%ian#aram,7hammam and 8untur& n the follo"in# years, the 'aoists tar#eted police officers and Ba"ans,ministers, ')s and #overnment servants, $esides e!ecutin# people suspected of $ein# policeinformers& /heir most stunnin# attack in recent times "as the attempt to assassinate then chief minister

& Chandra$a$u aidu in cto$er 2003 near /irupati $y tri##erin# a landmine usin# a camera flash asaiduAs convoy passed& aidu escaped "ith minor inBuries&

n 2004, on the eve of peace talks "ith the state #overnment headed $y R&1& =aBasekhara =eddy, the)W8 mer#ed "ith the 'aoist Communist Centre -'CC. of ihar to form the C) -'aoist.& /he

peace talks failed "ith $oth parties accusin# each other of violatin# the ceasefire& /he #overnmentlaunched a series of operations a#ainst the a!als and that, they say, paid off&


20/47

;ormer ome 'inister 7& Jana =eddy e!plains, L+fter successful operations in a!al(affecteddistricts like Sisakhapatnam, Si%iana#aram, 7hammam and Waran#al, the num$er of 'aoist cadres inthe state came do"n from appro!imately 6,200 in 200@ to less than @00 in 200H& /he anti(a!al

policy of +ndhra and the 8reyhounds are touted as a role model for other states facin# similarpro$lems,M he says&

L/he surrender policy of the state #overnment also clicked "ith many leaders #ivin# up either $ecausethey "ere tired of remainin# under#round for years to#ether or simply $ecause ill(health did not

permit them to roam the forests anymore,M the former ome 'inister says&

/he anti(a!al force, 8reyhounds, has $een credited "ith pushin# the a!als to the $rink& /he eliteforce, raised in 69H> especially to tackle the a!als, has had enormous success& L/heir success is dueto their trainin# in #uerilla "arfare, Bun#le survival, field(craft and ni#ht operations $acked $y ane!pansive intelli#ence net"ork& Well(planned and e!ecuted operations in the last si! or seven yearshave resulted in heavy 'aoist casualties,M says an officer posted "ith the elite force&

LRou may uestion the tactics "e adopted $ut you must appreciate the fact that "e have mana#ed tonearly "ipe out the 'aoists& )eople in certain parts of the state may still $e sympathetic to the

movement $ut there are no 'aoists left to feed on that& /elan#ana is almost free of 'aoists& n thenorth coastal districts, they have $een pushed into a corner near the rissa(Sisakhapatnam district$order& /he tri$al areas there and the forest is their last refu#e in +ndhra )radesh,M says an officer "hohas led many operations a#ainst the 'aoists&

n fact, some officers $elieve that "hen it "anted to initiate peace talks in 2004, the state #overnmentsho"ed too much leniency in lettin# senior 'aoist leaders escape after police surrounded them in the

allamalla forests& 'aoist state secretary =amakrishna alias +& ara#opal "as surrounded $y thepolice $ut "as let off&

'any officers feel "hat they see no" could $e a tactical retreat $y the 'aoists to Dandakaranya andnei#h$ourin# statesa Llive to fi#ht another dayM type of move, as one officer puts it&

Lne $i# reason "hy the 'aoists are not launchin# any operations in +ndhra is that all their topleaders are movin# to nei#h$ourin# states "here there activities have #athered momentum& /here "erereports that they "ere tryin# to re#roup on the +ndhra(rissa $order, $ut it does not appear so& /heyhave lost much of their #round,M an ntelli#ence officer said&

n fact, impressed $y the success of the 8reyhounds, the Nnion ome 'inistry had recently proposedthe settin# up of a special anti(a!al force on the lines of the 8reyhounds in insur#ency affectedstates&

/he #overnment has also launched a counter(propa#anda "ar& L/he 'aoists sou#ht the support andsympathy of people in $ack"ard and remote re#ions and tri$al areas sayin# the #overnment "asdeli$erately ne#lectin# them& ut $y announcin# various proBects and development schemes, the

#overnment countered this propa#anda,M says D8 1hivadhar =eddy& /he #overnment also starteddistri$utin# free television sets in villa#es still under 'aoist influence so that they could see "hat "ashappenin# outside their villa#es& /o "ean 'aoists off the movement, the #overnment announced asurrender and reha$ policy, promisin# those "ho surrender =s @0,000 and land for farmin#&

ot every$ody is happy "ith the "ay the #overnment dealt "ith the a!als in +ndhra )radesh&=evolutionary poet, "riter and peace emissary Sara Sara =ao says that instead of killin# 'aoistsruthlessly, if the #overnment had prepared a $etter surrender policy, it "ould have saved many lives&


21/47

minent human ri#hts activist and 'aoist la"yer 7&8& 7anna$iran too ru$$ishes the su##estion thatthe state #overnment had a "ell thou#ht out policy to deal "ith 'aoists& Lt "as a simple shoot(at(si#ht policy& n fact, due to the short(si#hted policies of the #overnment, the movement has $eenreduced to a "ar $et"een 'aoists and the police& /he 'aoists may $e do"n $ut not out& /hismovement has flourished and survived for over 40 years& )olitical dissent and social unrest cannot $e"iped out $y killin# people ruthlessly in sta#ed encounters& 7illin# has never solved any pro$lem,

especially not the 'aoist movement& Due to police pressure, the 'aoists may $e lyin# lo" in thestate& ut e!perience sho"s they "ill make a come$ack,M says 7anna$iran&

)olice officials say they are prepared for that& LWe kno" they can strike $ack any time so "e cannotlet our #uard do"n& ven "hen they "ere on the defensive, they struck $ack on June 29 last yearkillin# 39 8reyhounds in an am$ush at the allimella reservoir,M says an officer&

http:??en#lish&alBa%eera&net?focus?indiaelections?2009?04?2009463K@@@HH@2969&htmlTG+: /he a!alites of ndia

/he a!alites are a 'aoist(eninist splinter faction of the Communist party of ndia "ho$roke a"ay in opposition to the main #roupQs decision to Boin the electoral process&

Sarious #roups of a!alites have taken root in lar#e parts of the country& early one(fourth to one(third of all ndian districts are no" $elieved to $e under the influence ofa!alite -'aoist. or#anisations&

/he a!als no" operate in 6H2 of ndiaAs K2@ districts, a vast PredP corridor stretchin#across central ndia&

ne ndian #overnment assessment states that a!alite influence e!tends over nearly92,000s km&

'anmohan 1in#h, ndiaQs prime minister, said in 200K that the a!als "ere Pthe sin#le$i##est challen#eP to internal security ever faced $y ndia&

3$o are t$e Naxalites7

/he term a!alites is used to descri$e communist #roups that advocate a class "ar "a#ed$y peasants a#ainst a $our#eoisie state as an essential means to achieve their #oals& /heyare inspired $y the philosophy of 'ao edon#, the late Chinese Communist leader&

3$en and +$ere did t$e movement 0egin7

/he 'aoist movement $e#an on the 2@ 'ay, 69K> in a!al$ari, a small villa#e called inthe DarBeelin# district of the state of West en#al& t "as precipitated $y a local landlordQsattack on a small tri$al farmer& ther tri$al and communist cadres fou#ht $ackand forcefully "rested control of the land from the landlord&

/hou#h the state #overnment of West en#al mana#ed to suppress the insurrection in >2days, the tri$esmenQs stru##le attracted media attention, and the movementQs influence
http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/indiaelections/2009/04/200941365558852919.htmlhttp://english.aljazeera.net/focus/indiaelections/2009/04/200941365558852919.html


22/47

soon spread throu#h the state and spilled into other ndian states such as ihar )radesh,Nttar )radesh, +ndhra )radesh and 7erala&

3$o do t$e Naxalites represent7

/he a!alites claim to represent the most oppressed section of ndian population,especially those "ho have not $enefited $y ndiaQs development and $ypassed $y theelectoral process& /hese include the tri$al peoples from the forested parts of ndia, thelo"er castes, and the landless la$ourers "ho are paid a pittance "hen they do #et "ork,or other"ise have to #o hun#ry&

Critics of the movement, ho"ever, say that despite their professed ideolo#y, the a!alitestoday oppress people in the name of class "ar ( e!tortin# money from middle(levellando"ners -since rich lando"ners invaria$ly $uy protection.&

/he a!alites have also $een accused of e!tortin# and dominatin# the lives of the tri$als

and villa#ers "ho they claim to represent&3$at attracts t$e population to t$e Naxal movement7

/he first adherents of the a!alite movement "ere idealist students fresh out ofuniversities disillusioned $y a system that had failed to create the country of their dreams&/hese "ere soon Boined $y the oppressed rural poor attracted $y the teachin#s of theseori#inal hi#hly(educated idealists&

/he mainstay of the movement soon $ecame the tri$als, peasants and the oppressed andmar#inalised se#ments of ndian society "ho found a champion in the a!al movement&

'ore recently, the movement has $een attractin# youth from poor $ut upper classfamilies of ndian society& Nnemployment and corruption $rin# even more of theunemployed rural youth into the a!al or the 'aoist fold&

+n e!pert committee set up $y the #overnment to study the a!alite pro$lem $lamed thesocial, political, economic and cultural discrimination faced $y the tri$als and theerst"hile untoucha$les across the country as a key factor in dra"in# lar#e num$er ofdiscontented people to"ards the 'aoists& /he committee also $lamed the lack ofempo"erment of local communities in far(flun# rural areas as the main reason for thespread of the a!al movement&

thers claim that the modern day a!alites #et support throu#h coercion, and forci$leinduction of the youth into their armed $ands&

=eports claim that the a!als no lon#er act as representatives of the poor, theuntoucha$les and the tri$als& =ather, they have $ecome intolerant to these do"ntroddencommunities, critics have claimed&


23/47

3$o do t$e Naxalites target7

deolo#ically, the a!alites are a#ainst the current ndian state& /hey $elieve that ndianshave yet to "in freedom from hun#er and deprivation, and that the rich classes (landlords, industrialists, and traders control the means of production e!ploitin# the poor&

/hey therefore tar#et all arms of state like politicians, police officials, forest contractors,etc& +t a more local level, the a!alites tar#et villa#e political functionaries, andlandlords and often claim protection money not to harm them&

1oes t$e Communist Part- of India support t$e Naxalites7

o, the Communist )arty of ndia does not support the a!alites&

Is t$e Naxalite movement a single entit- or $as it split into groups li#e ot$er armed

struggles across t$e +orld7

/he a!alite movement has $een affected $y the mer#ers and divisions of the #roups thatclaim alle#iance to their philosophyU this ultimately "eakened the movement&

earnin# from this, the maBor a!alite factions such as the 'aoist Communist Centre ofndia -'CC., the Communist )arty of ndia -'ar!ist(eninist., and the )eoples War-also kno"n as the )eopleQs War 8roup or )W8. mer#ed under the um$rella of theCommunist )arty of ndia('aoist -C)('aoist. in 2004&

C)('aoist is no" active in 6@K districts of 63 1tates that include +ndhra )radesh,Chhattis#arh, Jharkhand, ihar, rissa, Nttar )radesh, 'adhya )radesh, 'aharashtra,

West en#al, 7arnataka, /amil adu, Nttaranchal and 7erala&t is also makin# attempts to esta$lish and e!pand its presence in other states includin#8uBarat, aryana, )unBa$, =aBasthan and imachal )radesh&

3$at is t$e strengt$ of t$e Naxalite movement7

/he #overnment of ndia estimates that the C) -'. has around 60,000 cadres adept in#uerrilla "arfare, "ith another 4@,000 "ho support them&

3$at arms does t$e CPI!aoists use7

nitially, the a!alites "ere not "ell(armed, $ut over the years the movement has $uilt upan arsenal of 20,000 modern "eapons, "hich includin# +7(series rifles, most of "hichare looted from security forces& /hey have also acuired the technical e!perties tomanufacture and use rocket launchers& /he a!als also freuently used #elatine sticksand mprovised !plosive Devices -Ds.&

3$at are t$e ma(or areas of operation of t$e CPI!aoist7


24/47

/he C)('aoist operate in a $road s"athe out of the forest $elt across the very heartlandof ndia, often considered the least(developed area of this country&

/heir operations are most prominent in -from orth to 1outh. Jharkhand, Chhattis#arh,'adhya )radesh, eastern 'aharashtra, the /elan#ana -north("estern. re#ion of +ndhra

)radesh, and "estern rissa&8o+ does t$e CPI;!aoist operate7

/he a!alites have a "ell(developed or#anisational structure, "ith clear distinctions$et"een the political and military "in#s& Documents and CDs recovered $y the ndian#overnment from a!alites arrested in 200H sho"ed that C) -'. also has detailed andclearly laid(out $ud#ets "ith estimations of income&

n the political side, the or#anisational hierarchy has a Central Committee at the top,"ith re#ional $ureaus, %onal committees, and district committees reportin# to them

/he armed "in# of the C)('aoist is as "ell(or#anised as the political "in# "ith aCentral 'ilitary Commission, state military commissions and a %onal militarycommissions&

8o+ does t$e CPI &!"' fund its operations7

With their control of lar#e parts of the thick forests stretchin# from north ihar $orderin#epal to north 7erala, the C) -'. control the teak and tim$er trade and have almostcomplete control over the forest produce marketin#&

/his is supplemented $y the lar#e scale cultivation and sale of mariBuana in rissa, a statein eastern ndia&

=ecent documents and hard disks sei%ed $y the ndian police from a central committeemem$er of the C) -'aoist. sho" that the a!als collected over =s60$ln -V200mln. in200> throu#h ille#al ta!ation and force donations from small $usiness people, forest androad contractors and even industrialists&

/heir fundin# "as e!pected to increase $y 2@ per cent in 200H&

3$at steps $as t$e Indian government ta#en to cur0 CPI &!"'7

/here have $een various initiatives over time to cur$ the reach of the 'aoist movement&n the 69>0s, social "orkers like Jai )rakash arayan spearheaded the campai#n toreduce the 'aoist hold over the rural poor $y institutin# special pro#rammes "hich "eresupported $y local administrations&


25/47

o"ever, security forces "ho "ere char#ed "ith fi#htin# the 'aoists added fuel to fire$ecause of their alle#ed insensitivity to civilian losses and casualties& /oday, eachaffected state has resorted to its o"n local means of com$attin# the C)&

+fter identifyin# the a!alites as the most serious threat to the ndian state, the central

#overnment of ndia has no" set up a a special 60,000(stron# Com$at attalion for=esolute +ction -Co$ra. to fi#ht the a!alites&

/he Co$ra unit "ill focus on Peffectiveness and operational successP and they "ill $eimparted e!clusive trainin# in the terrain and topo#raphy of the area of operation&

http:??"""&indiane!press&com?ne"s?man("ith(many(aliases?4H0H>6?0

Man with many aliases1ince the forces started their al#arh operations to free areas from 'aoist control, there has $een no

ne"s of top 'aoist leader 'alloBula 7otes"ara =ao, alias 7ishanBi& /he man headin# the 'aoistmovement a#ainst the #overnment in al#arh no lon#er #ave intervie"s to media "ith a clothdraped around his face as he did in the days leadin# to the operation& /here have $een reports thathe may have crossed the $order to an#ladesh, $ut the West en#al police are not confirmin# it yet&

/he K0(year(old =ao, a polit$uro mem$er of $anned re$el outfit C)-'aoist., is currently in char#e ofre$el operations in West en#al, rissa and Jharkhand&

+n activist of the C)(' -)eopleAs War. $efore the formation of the C) -'aoist., =ao moved to7olkata a$out 6H years a#o after servin# in the )eopleAs War as a state committee secretary in +ndhra)radesh& e moves under various aliases includin# 'urali, )radip, Simal and )rahlad apart from

=ao "as $orn in achpalli in 7armina#ar district of +ndhra )radesh& is father "as a mem$er of theCon#ress 1ocialist )arty& ike many 'aoist leaders, he hardly visited his poor parents after Boinin# themovement as a youn#ster alon# "ith his $rother Senu#opal =ao& is mother, 'adhuramma, "ho no"lives in )eddapalli, says she sa" him last in 6994& e did not even attend his fatherAs funeral in 69H4&

=ao Boined the 'aoists in 69>> "hile his $rother Boined the movement three years later& y that time,he had #ained uite a reputation in )eddapalli, or#anisin# mass protests and a#itations in favour of aseparate /elan#ana state&

e "as first arrested for $urnin# a 8overnment $us and 8overnment property outside his school in69K9& n a letter to his mother that "as pu$lished in a local ne"spaper recently, =ao confessed that hedecided to Boin the 'aoists after he "itnessed police firin# outside his school&

Tuickly risin# in the ranks, =ao "as made the state committee secretary and "as later #iven thechar#e of West en#al, Jharkhand and rissa&

'ovin# in the forests on the +ndhra(rissa $order, he learnt the strate#y of #uerilla "arfare $ut afterhe moved to West en#al, he chan#ed himself& Le propounded and put into practice the theory ofconvertin# mass protests into violent a#itations a#ainst the 8overnment, and freuently or#anisedmeetin#s of 'aoists in al#arh, )alu$ani and 1al$oni& e is kno"n to infiltrate a#itations and protestmeetin#s, take control of the situation, and convert them into a violent movement,M a police official inthe kno" of 'aoist operations said&
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+n ntelli#ence officer said unlike the usual #uerilla attack(and(flee style, =aoAs strate#y "as to holdan area under 'aoist control for a lon# period&

=ao is also suspected to have masterminded the landmine attack on the convoy in "hich West en#alChief 'inister uddhade$ hattacharBee and the then Nnion minister =am Silas )as"an, "eretravellin#& oth had a narro" escape&

=ao is considered as one of the many fiery leaders from 7arimna#ar district "ho Boined the 'aoistmovement& Central committee secretary 8anapathi of heerpur villa#e, 7 1atyanarayana =eddy alias1adhu alias 8opanna of 8opalraopalli villa#e, andarapu 'allaiah alias Chandranna of 'achupetavilla#e, /ippiri /irupati alias 1anBeevi of 7orutla to"n are the other top 'aoist leaders from thedistrict&

http:??"""&indiane!press&com?ne"s?maoist(leader(names(tmc(mahash"eta(as(allie?4>90@H?

Maoist leader names TMC, Mahashweta as allies1everal months $efore al#arh hit the headlines in ovem$er 200H, the West en#al #overnment hada fair idea of the e!tent of 'aoist presence and activities in the state, includin# andi#ram& /heinformation "as received after interro#atin# C)('aoist en#al state secretary imadri 1en =oy alias1omen& /he 'aoist leader "as arrested $y the state Criminal nvesti#ation Department in ;e$ruary200H from ridaypur rail"ay station in orth 24()ar#anas&

ver the last fe" days in al#arh, 'alloBula 7otes"ara =ao alias 7ishanBi, claimin# to $e in(char#e ofen#al unit of C)('aoist, has told media that 'aoists "ere present in andi#ram for lon#, "henthey supported the /rinamoolAs movement to resist the state #overnmentAs plan for land acuisition&

n ;riday, C)' state secretary iman ose accused 'amata anerBee of Lshieldin# 'aoistsM uotin#7ishanBiAs intervie"s to media& Nnion ome 'inister ) Chidam$aram and senior /rinamool leader1ou#ata =oy, no" 'o1 Nr$an Development, have denied that their parties had any links "ith'aoists&

ut, accordin# to 1omenAs interro#ation report, accessed $y /he ndian !press, the @H(year(oldadmitted to 'aoist involvement in andi#ram and links "ith /rinamool leaders and /rinamool(

$acked humi Ncched )ratirodh Committee -N)C.&

n the report, "hich "as for"arded to the state #overnment $y the CD, 1omen also outlined there#ional or#anisational structure of the party& /he CD report claims 1omen, durin# his interro#ationover a year a#o, said:

* C)('aoist leaders, includin# 1oren, visited andi#ram in Decem$er 200K to Lassess the

temperament of localsM "hen protests a#ainst land acuisition $y the state #overnment for a chemicalhu$ "as Bust a$out $e#innin#&

* ased on the visit, a meetin# of his party "as held in Chakulia forest in Jharkhand in ;e$ruary 200>to devise a strate#y for andi#ram& + decision "as taken to keep the 'aoists a"ay from the forefrontof a#itation, due to lack of proper or#anisational net"ork in andi#ram& t "as also decided to procurearms& +ccordin#ly, the party central committee sanctioned =s H lakh, $y "hich si! &36@ rifles and @00

$ullets "orth =s 4 lakh "ere purchased from one 1ahoo $ased in Jharkhand&
http://www.indianexpress.com/news/maoist-leader-names-tmc-mahashweta-as-allie/479058/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/maoist-leader-names-tmc-mahashweta-as-allie/479058/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/maoist-leader-names-tmc-mahashweta-as-allie/479058/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/maoist-leader-names-tmc-mahashweta-as-allie/479058/


27/47

* /he consi#nment "as received at aldia, shipped to andi#ram and kept at the house of C)('aoistast 'idnapore %onal committee secretary arayanAs residence in 1onachura, the epicentre of

andi#ram movement& esides these, 30 crude #uns "ere procured locally& arayan also acted as thelink "ith the N)C, "hose mem$ers 7ara$i, =anBit )al and Dipak formed the 'aoist suad alon#"ith arayan&

* 1omen also confessed to visitin# andi#ram in July 200> for t"o days and stayin# at arayanAsresidence&

* arayan "as in contact "ith /rinamool ') from /amluk 1u$endhu +dhikari, "ho "as the then'+ from Contai 1outh +ssem$ly Constituency, and N)C leaders& 'aoists also for#ed links "ith1idiullah Cho"dhuryAs )eopleAs Democratic Council of ndia -)DC., 1NC and andi 'uktiCommittee -'C.&

* 1everal en#al intellectuals, includin# 'C president 'ahas"eta Devi, "ent to andi#ram at the'aoistsA $ehest to e!hort people to Boin the anti(acuisition movement&

* o"ever, as the andi#ram conflict pro#ressed, relations $et"een the N)C and 'aoists soured

"hen the former reBected a proposal to form volunteer #roups to take on C)' cadres, on the #roundthat it "ould unnecessarily dra" the administrationAs attention& +$out the 'aoistsA or#anisational set(up, the CD report claims 1omen told his interro#ators:

* 7ishanBi, "ho also operates under the names of )radip, imal, )rahalad and 1ridhar $elon#s to+ndhra )radesh, "as elected in(char#e of a ne" 63(mem$er state committee as a Lcentral partyo$serverM at a state party conference held in +u#ust 200K at Dampara in ast 1in#$hum district ofJharkhand&

7ishanBi collected LlevyM from contractors in ankura, )urulia and West 'idnapore avera#in# =s Hlakh per month& e also received =s 6&3(6&@ lakh from the central party headuarters every month"hich he distri$uted directly to the state unit&

e also "rote the press statements of the party in n#lish, "hile 1omen framed the en#ali ones&

* /rainin# of fresh inductees "as conducted in Damuria ills of Dalma forest in 8ora$andha,'ayur$hanB, rissa, "here they "ere instructed in use of arms and e!plosives and tau#ht a$out the'aoist ideolo#y& /rainees "ould move in small $atches of t"o to three $y train from o"rah stationto /atana#ar in Jharkhand, then $y pu$lic transport to Dalma ills and finally on foot&

* +t the 9th Nnity Con#ress held from January 62(6>, 200> in )areshnath ills in 8iridh, Jharkhand, a32(mem$er central committee and five alternate mem$ers "ere elected and four re#ional $ureaus "ereset up& /hese include the astern $ureau coverin# +ssam, en#al, Jharkhand and ihar& Nnder thiscomes the 'idnapore(ankura()urulia %onal committee& + su$(%onal committee for 1al$oni, al#arhand =ani$andh is headed $y 1asadhar 'ahato, his "ife 1uchitra and 'adan 'ahato& 1asadhar aliasikash is the $rother of )C)+ leader Chhatradhar 'ahato&

* ther %onal committees in en#al are o"rah(oo#hly, Dalara(7harsoa(alarampur, urd"an(ir$hum(adia('urshida$ad& /here are also ocal r#anisin# 1uads and ocal 8uerrilla 1uads& +sstate secretary, 1omen said he handled political matters, "hile military activity "as under the en#al(Jharkhand(rissa re#ional committee&


28/47

+dhikari, ho"ever, denied any links "ith 'aoists& LWe $elieve in democracy& We cannever support 'aoists& +ny"ay, the CD acts on instructions from the C)'& o report oftheirs can $e $elieved& had no contact "ith 'aoists in andi#ram,M +dhikari told /hendian !press& 'ahas"eta Devi also said she didnAt kno" anyone named 1omen orimadri 1en =oy& LWho is 1omenE Why should #o to andi#ram or any"here at the

'aoistsA $ehestE +ll talk of 'aoist links -"ith me. is nonsense,M she said&http:??"""&hindu&com?200K?03?20?stories?200K032063K30400&htm

orth /elan#ana in forefront of revolutionQ a#ain

RD=++D: orth /elan#ana "as not only the $eacon of revolution, "hich fuelledrevolutionary activity all over the country, $ut has no" so"n the seeds of discord amon#the na!alite leadership& /he dissensions have reached such a sta#e that the partyleadership is discussin# the propriety of continuin# 8anapthy as secretary&

/"o years a#o, the Central =e#ional oard -C=. had decided to order a complete"ithdra"al of forces keepin# the serious or#anisational and military losses in the fivedistricts of orth /elan#ana -/.& /his decision "as resented $y the orth /elan#ana1pecial onal Committee -/1C. headed $y Jinu#u arsimha =eddy alias Jampanna&

)lenum convened

verridin# this decision for scalin# do"n the armed re$ellion to a strate#ic defensivesta#e, Jampanna is reported to have convened a plenum of /1C and #ot a resolutionpassed reBectin# the C= diktat& nterestin#ly, Jampanna too "as a part of the C= andhad voiced his dissent&

/his /1C resolution "as perhaps the first si#n of revolt& Jampanna "as not alone inhis forthcomin# vie" that an important cause for do"nfall of the na!al movement in+ndhra )radesh "as the moderateQ line $ein# adopted& 1ome 'aoist leaders in theCentral Committee too "ere $elieved to have shared his vie"& Despite the resolution,suads had to $e shifted from plain areas to the forests& o"ever, Jampanna firmly$elieved that a most militantQ approach "ould only provide some space for themovement to #ro" in severe repressive conditions, like in epal&

'ean"hile, differences of opinion cropped in the 1tate Committee on a statement issuedto the media& /he statement issued last year had asked the cadre to destroy the $odies of

those killed $y them, so as not to leave any trace& /he controversial statement "asimmediately diso"ned $y the party, "hich $lamed the police for the false propa#anda&Q

ut the issue #ot revived "hen the police sei%ed some letters "ritten $y 8an#adhar,$elieved to $e Cherukuri =aBkumar, a Central Committee mem$erm, to Saravara =ao lastyear& n his letters 8an#adhar e!presses surprise over the statement, despite the 1tateCommittee reBectin# the proposal -of causin# disappearance of the $odies.& /his sho"edthat the 1tate Committee had indeed discussed the issue, $ut reBected it&
http://www.hindu.com/2006/03/20/stories/2006032013630400.htmhttp://www.hindu.com/2006/03/20/stories/2006032013630400.htm


29/47

s the release of such a statement a "ay of e!pressin# dissentE /here are no ans"ers forthis uestion so far&

http:??timesofindia&indiatimes&com?W1?City?=anchi?)8+(commander(uits(outfit?articlesho"?4>3H2H@&cms

P"GA commander


30/47

8adchiroli divisions are active in the state& 1i! stron# divisions, includin# 'anpur, orthastar, 'adh, 1outh astar, "est astar and Dhar$ha, functions in Chhattis#arh& ut ofsi!, five stron# divisions are directly influencin# the movements alon# the $order in8adchiroli&

)olice department, "hich has sent a proposal for at least 64 more armed outposts in8adchiroli, have also initiated a process to reorient their administrative Burisdictions andplannin# for further reinforcements of paramilitary forces& 8adchiroli, $ifurcated intoNorth and South, "ould $e havin# t"o officers of superintendent of police ranks& orthand 1outh 8adchiroli 1)s, alon# "ith 8ondia 1), "ould "ork under an officer of deputyinspector #eneral -D8. rank "ho "ould $e headin# the ran#e of three 1)s& a#pur ran#ehas $een proposed to $e separated from 8adchiroli and 8ondia&

+lon# "ith state anti(a!al operation-+. cell, special action #roup -1+8. "ould $eshifted to 8adchiroli "here a chopper "ould $e stationed permanently& While ma!imumforce of district police "ould $e set aside for la" and order, + "ould $e #iven

additional stren#th "ith a com$ine force of C(K0 commandos, 1+8, paramilitary forces,special anti(a!al force and some from the district police&

'anpur division is close to 8adchiroliAs heavily affected 'urum#aon and 'arke#aonvilla#es, orth astar adBoins )endhri and 7asansur areas, 'adh division is close tohamra#adh and 8atta, 1outh astar is close to 1ironcha "hile +sar +lli and adBoinin#villa#es are close to "est astar divisions& 1ources said that each of these divisions inChhattis#arh comprises t"o to three platoons and one company dalam alon# "ith ocal8uerrilla suad, t"o to three militaryplatoonsand Ban militia platoons of armed villa#esupporters under a dalam mem$er&

f the pro!imity of the a!al stron#holds in Chhattis#arh has $een cited as one of themain reasons, the recent amal#amation of platoon dalams to form order platoon hasincreased a!al violence& ocal intelli#ence source at 8adchiroli also pointed out that thedistrict is "itnessin# a spurt in the movement after the potent Dandakaranya 1pecialonal committee started reor#anisin# their stren#th in the affected district&

/he revamped a!al force, under 'an#al 7orchami, alias Di"akar, and 1uBan 1in#h'arkham, alias =aBesh, have ensured a fresh lease of life in the movement "ith theira##ressive approach& Nnlike in the past, a!als have formed a maraudin# assault #roupof around 6@0(200 cadres, handpickin# them from local, platoons and company dalams,"ith sophisticated "eapons& /he or#anisational reforms have "orked in favour of thea!als "hich inflicted three maBor $lo"s to 8adchiroli police since ;e$ruary includin#the latest at atti 8ota -2@?0@. that claimed 6K police personnel& +t least t"o dalams fromChhattis#arh, includin# )ana aras "hich "as active alon# the $orders, have also startedlendin# their shoulders to their 8adchiroli counterparts&

http:??timesofindia&indiatimes&com?Cities?8ro"in#(a!al(activities(puts(a#encies(on(alert?articlesho"?4KK4406&cms
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Growing-Naxal-activities-puts-agencies-on-alert/articleshow/4664401.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Growing-Naxal-activities-puts-agencies-on-alert/articleshow/4664401.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Movement-in-Chhattisgarh-effects-in-Maha/articleshow/4626596.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Growing-Naxal-activities-puts-agencies-on-alert/articleshow/4664401.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Growing-Naxal-activities-puts-agencies-on-alert/articleshow/4664401.cms


31/47

Gro+ing Naxal activities puts agencies on

alert

NC7W: ntelli#ence reports on a!als settin# up ne" frontiers e!tendin# toWestern N) -Delhi $orders. at the state(level and to"ards aryanaas "ell as 7arnataka in the 1outh, has set the alarm $ells rin#in# for the securitya#encies& =eports say that the red $ri#ade has set up its $ase in at least 62 more districts (most of them dottin# the Delhi $orders in addition to the 64 districts "here their presence"as esta$lished&

What is all the more distur$in# is the availa$ility of sophisticated firearms andammunition "ith the a!als throu#h their ne"(found coalition "ith the 'aoists in epal&/ill recently, the a!als "ere kno"n to $e usin# the traditional &303 rifles of the WorldWar era -that they had ro$$ed from the police. and countrymade firearms& o"ever,

specific intelli#ence inputs on a!als no" possessin# lethal firearms like the N1(made1'8, /homson #uns and +7(4> rifles apart from those of =ussian and Chinese makes,has added to the "orries of the security a#encies& 1ources in the 1ashastra 1eema al-11. posted alon# the ndo ( epal $order have confirmed the reports of re#ular Bointsessions $et"een the a!als and the epal 'aoists&

/hese reports have cited recent instances of a!al violence to confirm the availa$ility ofsophisticated firearms "ith the red $ri#ade& PNse of a rocket launcher $y a!als in therecent 1; camp attack in =ohtas -ihar., sophisticated imported alco landmines inrissa and recent sei%