Active X CAD

8/10/2019 Active X CAD

1/6


2/6

Jovanovic 1.,

Bulatovic

R,

Mogucnost integracije postojecih CAD sistema u ActiveX okruzenje u cilju povecanja...

The possibility of integrating the existing C4D systems in the Active.\ enviroment aiming.:

narednim godinama YBA postane sastavni dio svih

programa

pravljenih za

Windows

okruzenje. Sledeci

ovakva oce kivanja, arnericka kompanija,

AutoDesk

proizvodac sof tvera iz oblas ti grafike,

poznat

po

programima: AutoCAD

Mechanical desktop,

D

Studio..,

je razvi la objektne modele ucinivsi tako

YBA

sastavnim djelorn najnovije generacije svojih

programa. Na taj nacin je ornoguceno da se ovi

programi koriste

kao

ActiveX

komponente

koje su

osnova programiranja u YB i YBA. Ukoliko svi

znacajni proizvodaci softvera krenu ovim putem, a

sto je vrlo vjerovatno , u najskorijoj buducnosti nas

ocekuje mogucnost integracije i nadgradnje

postojecih

programa

u ActiveXokruzenju.

2. Mogucnost povecanja efikasnosti procesa

konstruisanja

Pre rna konstrukcionom resenju svi proizvodi

metalopreradivacke industrije mogu se svrstati u

neku od sledecih

grupa l]:

-proizvodi sa ponovljenom konstrukcijom

-proizvodi sa konstrukcijom sa cvrstirn principom

kod

kojih se

zadrzava

princip

rada

nekog od

prethodnih konstrukcionih resenja, a djelimicno se

mjenjaju oblici i dimenzije djelova

-proizvodi sa

prilagodenom

konstrukcijom kod

kojih je princip rada kopiran sa proizvoda koji

je namjenjen za neku

drugu

funkciju i potom

prilagoden novoj funkciji usled cega se djelovi i

sklopovi

moraju prilagcdavati novim uslovima

-proizvodi sa novom konstrukcijom ciji je princip

rada

nov

kao

i

pojedini

sastavni djelovi.

Djelovi od kojih se sastoji neki proizvod mogu se

svrstati u

neku

od sledecih grupa:

-opsti masinski elementi u koje spadaju masinski

djelovi standardizovanih oblika i dimenzija vijci,

lezaji, klinovi...)

-masinski djelovi ponovljivih i uobicajenih oblika

-novi rnasinski djelovi ciji je oblik nov i prilagoderi

specificnostima novog proizvoda.

Vecina mal ih i

sredn

jih,

cak

i

neke

velike firme iz

oblasti metaloprerade usko su specijalizovane za

izradu proizvoda odredene vrste, pri cemu njihov

proizvodni asortiman uobicajno cini odredeni broj

varijantnih resenja svega nekoliko proizvoda.

Zahtjev vremena

u kojem zivimo za postovanjern

vrlo rigoroznih vremenskih rokova za razvoj novih

proizvoda i pred

ove

firme namece

potrebu

za

povecanjern efikasnosti u svim fazama razvoja novih

proizvoda, a sto je moguce ostvariti koriscenjern

CAD sistema.

Osnovna karakterist ika savremenih CAD sistema

koji se

nude

na trzistu je njihova

modularna

struktura, koja ih cini jedinstvenom cjelinom

expectations, an

American

company, AutoDesk, a

software producer in

the

field of the graphics, being

known for the programs:

AutoCAD, Mechanical

Desktop, 3D Studio..., has developed object models,

thus making

YBA

an integral

part

of the latest

generation of its

programs.

In this way it has

been

made possible for

these

programs to be used as

ActiveX components being the base for

prgramming into YB

and YBA.

all the important

software producers take this way, this being very

possible, we are to expect. , in the near future, the

possibility of integration and improving the existing

programs into ActiveX environment.

2. The possibility of increasing design process

efficiency

According to their design solutions, all the products

of metalworking industry may be classified into one

of the following goups [1]:

-re-designed

products

-products of design with solid principle at which

the working principle of

one

of the previous

solutions are retained, but the shape and

dimensions of the parts are partially changed

-products with an adapted design at which the

working principle is copied from the product

meant for another function, then adapted to a new

function, thus

the

parts

and

assemblies should be

adapted to new conditions

-products with new design whose working

principle and single integarted parts are new ones.

The

parts a single product consists of may be

classified into

one

of

the

following groups:

-general machine

elements

including machine

parts of standardized shapes and dimensions

bolts, bearings, pistons ...)

-machine parts of repeated

and

common shapes

-new machine parts whose new shape is adapted

to the specific characteristics of a new product.

Most of the small, medium sized

and

even some of

large firms in

the

field of metalworking are

narrowly specialized

for

making special products,

thus their production assortment is usually certain

number of variant solutions of only several

products.

The

imperative of the t ime we are living is

to respect very r igorous deadlines for developing

new products, also

wants

these firms to increase

the

efficiency in all the development phases of new

products, this being possible to be realized by using

CAD system.

The basic characteristics of modern CAD system

being offered at the

market

is their modular

structure making

them

a unique whole composed of

a greater

number

of independent moduli being able

to interchange data mutually. Thus, a prospective

Konstruisanjemasina -

Journal

Mechanical EngineeringDesign

2000, No I, pp 15-20


3/6

Jovanovic J., Bulatovic R.

Mogucnost integracije postojecih CAD sistema u ActiveX okruzenje u cilju povecanja .. .

The possibility

of

integrating the existing

I

systems in the Active \ enviroment aiming

sastavljenom

od veceg

broja

nezavisnih

modula

koji

medusobno

mogu razmenjivati po datke.

Stoga

buduci korisnik

nekog

CAD sistema moze izvrsiti

izbor sarno

on ih modula

koji su mu

neophodni

u

svakodnevnom radu. Osim modularnost bitna

karakteristika

ovih

CAD sistema

je i njihova

podjednaka usmjerenosti ka

svim

potencijalnim

korisnicima.

U pra vo ova karakt er istika

ih

cini

manje

efikasnim , nego sto bi to mogli biti za

korisnike

koji

rade

u

firmama usko

specijalizovanim

za

izradu proizvoda odrederie

vrste.

Prema nekim analizama

u svjetskim

razmjerama

od

svih lansiranih

konstrukcionih resenja

svega 25

cini

nova resenja. Ak o

se

ima

u

vidu

da se

u

novim

konstrukcionim resenjima koristi

veliki

broj

vee

razvijenih djelova,

onda pos ta je jasno

da je broj

novih djelova relativno

mali.

Dakle

CAD sistemi koji bi u

sebi obuhvatali

sve

osobine postojecih CAD sistema a istovremeno

ornogucavali i

automatizaciju citavog

niza

operacija

poput: proracuna modeliranja pregleda rezultata

dobijenih analizama izrade tehnicke dokumentacije

za

ops te mas inske elemente

i rnasinske djelove

ponovlj ivih i uobicajenih oblika bili bi ocigledno

vrlo efikasan

pu t

za

skracenje

vremena

potrebnog

za razvoj novog

proizvoda. M og ucn ost takv e

nadgradnje pojedinih

modula postojecih

CA D

sistema

je u koriscenju

pogodnosti

koje

pruza

VB

kroz njihovu

integraciju u

ctiveXokruzenje koje

Cine

programi

sa

razvijenim objektnim modelom.

Na taj

nacin

se

moze

vrsiti

nadgradnja postojecih

CAD

sistema integracijom

njihovih sa

mogucnostima

drugih programa i automatizacijom

operacija

koje se

mogu

vrsiti svakim od njih

pojedinacno

U ovom radu se daje

prikaz

mogucnosti integracije i

nadgradnje

postojecih CAD

alata

, proizvoda firme

utoDesk

u

ctiveXokruzenju

u cilju povecanja

efikasnosti procesa

konstruisanja 2,3].

3. Primjeri integracije postojecih CAD alata

u ActiveX

okruzenje

Mogucnost integracije postojecih

CA D

alata u

ctiveX

okruzenje

bice prikazana na

primjeru

programa utoC D cijom je integracijom u

ctiveX okruzenje moguce automatizovati

proracune modeliranje

i

izradu

tehnicke

dokumentacije

opstih rnasinskih

elemenata

masinskih

djelova ponovljivih i

uobicajenih

oblika.

Parametarsko

modeliranje masinskih

djelova

zasnovano

je na cinjenici da je

izmedu pojedinih

dimenzi ja masinskog djela moguce uspostaviti

medusobne zavisnost i. Na taj je nacin

omoguceno

user

of a

CA D

system may

make

a choice

of only

those moduli

tha t are needed

in

everyday operation.

Apart

from

modularity

an essent ia l characteristic

of these

CA D

systems is a lso their

equal

direction

toward each

single

potential

user.

It

is this

property

to

make them

less efficient

than they

might be for

the users working in

the

specia lized firms for

making special

products.

According to

some

world wide analysis made there

have

been

only 25 of new solut ions

ou t

of the

launched

design

solutions. Taking into account that

even

in

these

design

solutions

a

great

number

of the

previosly

developed parts

have

been

used,

then

it is

clear

that

the number

of new elements

is relatively

small

Thus

CAD

systems

that

would include

the

properties of the existing CAD systems, enabling at

the

same

time,

automatization of the

whole series

of

operations

like:

computations

modelling,

cheking

results

obtained

by

the

analysis,

technical

documentation elaboration for general machine

elements a nd mach ine p art s of

the

r epea ted and

common shapes would

very

probable

be a

very

efficient way of

shortening the

time needed for

developing a new

product.

The poss ibi lity of

developing

single

moduli of the

existing CAD

systems lies in using

the

privilege

offered

by VB

through their

integration

into

ActiveX

environment

consis ting of

the programs

with a

developed object model.

In this way, it is poss ible to

develope and

build

the

existing

CAD systems

by

integrating

theire

possibilities with other

programs

and by

operation automatization

that

may

be done

by

each

of

them

separately.

A

surway

of

the integ ra tion

and

development

possibilities

of the

existing

CA D

tools,

made

by

AutoDesk

company

into ActiveX environment

to

increase

design

process

efficiency

has been

given in

this paper 2,3].

3.

Examples

of

integrating the

existing CAD tools

into ActiveX

environment

The

possibility of

integrating

the existmg CAD

tools into

ActiveX

environment will be illustrated

by an example o f A uto CA D

program

by whose

integration into ActiveX environment

it is possible

to

automat ize computa tions

modelling

an d

technical

documentation elaboration

of

the general

machine

elements

and

parts

of

the

r epea ted and

common

shapes.

A parametre

modelling of

machine

parts

is

based on

the fact

that

it is

possible

to

establish

inter-

Konstruisanje masina - Journal MechanicalEngineeringDesign 2000, No 1, pp 15-20

17


4/6

Jovanovic

1., Bulatovic R.

Mogucnost integracije postojecih CAD sistema u ActiveX okruzenje u ci1ju povecanja.. .

The possibility a/integrating the existing CAD systems in the Active. \ enviroment aiming. ..

1

da se sve

dimenzije

masinskog dijela izraze preko

svega

nekoliko velicina odnosno parametara.

Modeliranje i izrada tehnicke dokumentacije opstih

masinskih

elemenata i

masinskih djelova

ponovljivih

i

uobicajenih

oblika moze se

parametrizovati i spregnuti sa postupcima

proracuna.

Koriscenje ove

pogodnosti

ornoguceno

je tim sto se neki programski

paketi

za geometrijsko

modeliranje

poput AutoCAD-a mogu

programirati da automatski izvrse niz

operacija

te

se na taj

nacin moze

izvrsiti

automatizacija

modeliranja i

izrade

tehnicke dokumentaci je

masinskog dijela na osnovu

svega

nekoliko ulaznih

parametara.

Prednos ti p rimjene parametarskog

modeliranja su brojne a

najvaznije

su svakako

sledece:

-ornogucava automatizaciju modeliranja cirri se u

potpunosti koriste

rnogucnosti

kompjutera

u

pogledu

brz ine formi ranj a

modela

i nacina

cuvanja

je dn om r azr ad enc g

oblika koji se

ponavlja

cuvanje ob1ika rnasinskog dijela u vidu

programa

doprinosi znatnom smanjenju potrebnog

memorijskog

prostora

-varijacijorn parametara jednostavno se

mijenjaju

oblik i

dimenzije

masinskog dijela.

Dimenzije kotrljajnih lezaja kao i vecine

masinskih

dijelova mogu se u potpunosti izraziti preko svega

nekoliko parametera [1], do cij ih se vel icina dolazi

proracunorn

iji je algoritam

prikazan

na slici 1.

Oblik

kotrljajnih lezaja u

potpunosti

je definisan

sledecim parametrima:

unutrasnji

precnik

lezaja d

-spoljnji

precnik

lezaja D

sirina

lezaja B

radijus prelaznih zaobljenja prestena lezaja r.

Kotrljajni lezaji spadaju u opste

masinske

elemente

i

podaci

0 dimenzijama lezaja, kao i 0 njihovoj

dinamickoj odnosno statickoj rnoci nosenja

prema

kojim se vrsi usvajanje lezaja, se mogu naci u

nacionalnom standardu. Moe nosenja

lezaja

predstavlja

najvecu

silu

koju

lezaj moze

da

prenese

za predvideni radnivijek. Proracun lezaja prema

dinamickoj moci nosenja C vrsi se prema sledecem

uslovu:

C F::kv 1 ~ ~ ; 1

, gdje su ~ f a k t o r

temperature

T zeljena duzina

radnog vijeka

u casovima,

n broj

obrtaja u

obrtajima

u minuti

m eksponent

koji zavisi

od

tipa

lezaja i Fekv-ekvivalentno

opterecenje

koje se

odreduje na sledeci nacin:

F

ek v

=

X .V .F,

+

Y .

Fa 2

,

gdje

su X faktor radijalnog opterecenja Y faktor

aksijalnog

opterecenja V-faktor

napadne

tacke

dependences among single dimensions of machine

parts. In this way, it is made possible for all the

dimensions of a machine parts to be expressed by

only several

parametres.

Model ling and technical

documentation

elaboration

of the general machine

elements and parts of

the repea ted

and

common

shapes may be

parametrized

and connected with

th e

computation

procedure.

Using this is enabled by the

fact that

some

programs for

geometrical

modelling,

like AutoCAD may be

progarmmed

to automatize

a series of

operations

thus making

automatic

modelling and technical documentation elaboration

of a machine

par ts based

on only several

input

parametres. The advenatages of applying parametre

modelling are

numerous the

most

important among

them being:

to

enable

modelling

automatization by using

computers

as for

the speed

of

model

forming

an d

ways of keeping the elaborated form which is

repeated

keeping forms of a machine parts in the

form

of

program contributes

considerably

to

decreasing

a

needed memory space

-by varying

parametres

it is easy to change

the

form

and

dimensions of a machine parts.

Dimensions of roller bearings as well as ones of the

most

of machine

parts

may be expressed by almost

several

parametres[l]

their values may be determined

by computation, whose algorhytm is shown in Fig. 1.

The roller bearing shape may be fully defined by the

following parametres:

inner diameter d

-outer diameter

D

-width B

-fillet radius of bearing rings r.

Th e roller bearings

belong to

the general machine

elements and the data

on

the bearings dimensions

as well as on the ir both

dynamic

and static

carrying

capacity,

according

to

which

an adoption of bearing

is done maybe found in the national standard. The

carrying

capacity of

bearing

is

the

highest force

that

a bearing may transmit for an anticipated life time.

A

computation

of a bearing according to a dynamic

carrying

capacity C is done accord ing to the

following condition:

~ ~ T F e k

16600

, wherein:

~ T t e m p e r a t u r e

factor, T needed life time

in hours

n number

of revolution per minute m

exponent

depending

on

a type of bearing an Fekv an

equivalent load determined in the following way:

F

ek v

=X

V

r,

+

y

Fa

2

, wherein:

X radial load

factor, Y-axial

load factor

V load

acting point

factor

Fr-radial

load

and F

a

axial load. While the calculation of bearing

18

._

. --

Konstruisanje masina - JOlll11a.1o Mechanical Eng;;]eerin

Design 2000, No 1, pp 15-20


5/6

Jovanovic

1.,

Bulatovic R.

Mogucnost integracije postojecih CAD sistema u ActiveX okruzenje u cilju povecanja .

The possibility

of

integrating the existing CAD systems in the ctiveXenviroment aiming .

...J

...f

..J

..J

x

xl

1 t . a * I i r i j t t l d & i - ~ : ~

-npWaj :[a J

E ~ - - - - - ~ - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - ~ : B

IttiCIili ill iiXi

rw- t . ..

Jji].

, ~ ) ~ i i J i ) [ Y i

~ ' f

l a ~ ~

1 ~ ' - l O l I d Z d & 9 l I I Q ~ ~ - . ~

Slika 2. Graficki interfejs programa

za proracun i modeliranje lezaja

Figure

2.

A graphic interface

of

the

besting

ptoe +lIeflOdelling and calculation ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : ~ J ~ 1 : l m J

fJfIt

ca

to -

_

~ a - H

J:lIlp

._ -. ,.

e

. . . . . l L l ~

D I O ; : I I ~ ~ . : J ~ ~ . l J ~ ~ . . I : ' ~ - ; : \ ,

i

T /:.: , 0 - J 1 0 _ O 3 ~ 1

-

O3.; /:

, :

88

01

/J

o @

Cl>

.o ./

~ ~ - ; ; ; ; ~ : : ; ; ; ; ; U : : : ~ : ; ; ~ ~ ~ ; - : ; : : r : . 7 - ~ . ~ i J 1

~ . F ' - ' ' :

. 1I13A CAD.\D .I. ~ ' o o d z . b W t J I l .;.. . . . - - - = - - , - ~ o . ; ~ 1

Slika 3. Parametarski modelirani kotrljajni lezaji

Figure 3. Parametricallymodelled roller bearings

The program for automatizating a calculation and

modelling of roller bearings developed in ActiveX

environment as ActiveX servers uses AutoCAD

and Access [2]. The possibilities of Access program

are used for searching previosly developed

databases containing the

data

on roller bearing

from national standard, whereas the ones from

AutoCAD program are utilized for modelling

bearings according to the dimensions obtained by a

previous calculation, The communication with a

program is established by a graphic interface, shown

in

Fig.Z,

by which working conditions and demands

n Z . i - ~ , ~ ~ J ; y a bearing are defined. 1 : J I . , . ~ I ) d I l ; I ~ I I ~ ~

Ell Y-

;

Fv-t r

o-a-

tdd I

li.- lI L J

D I O ; : I I ~ ~ . : J ~ ~ g j ~ ~ . 1 . . I

~ p J ' . : J ~ ~ I

;;... . : J ~

~ I ~ - -

.. J : I H t : : 4 : ; : f d = r t 1 ~

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I

1

gg

- ~ l U d a i l W o f t l l U J a

1 + R . I d I J a l m l ~ Q c t f ) : ~

B1aj tajtldlU ,

tI A b . i - l - . . . . . - ~ C I H 1 : ~ 1ladI:Ia

_ . ( O ; ~

O,S)

:: I

. I

II ~

A ; W

according to the static carrying capacity Comight be

performed according to the following condition:

Co :2 : . ekv o 3)

, wherein:

~ o - p l a s t i c

deformation factor i F

ekv

.

o-

equivalent static load determined, in the following

way:

ekv o= X 0 .

+

Yo . Fa (4)

, wherein: Xo-radial static load factor and Yo-axial

static load factor.

opterecenja, F,-radijalno opterecenje i Fa -aksijalno

opterecenje. Dok se proracun lezaja prema statickoj

rnoci nosenja Covrsi prema sledecern uslovu:

Co :2 : .

ekv o 3)

.gdje su ~ o - f a k t o r plasticne deformacije i F

ekv

.

o-

ekvivalentno staticko opterecenje koje se odreduje

na sledeci nacin:

ekv o

=

X

o

.

+ Yo a

4)

.gdje su Xo-faktor radijalnog statickog opterecenja i

Yo-faktor aksijalnog statickog opterecenja,

/ D,d,B,f \

\

F Fe ,n,T /

tip le aja /

'-'-

( KRAJ

Slika

1.

Algoritam proracuna kotrljajnih lezaja

Figure 1. The roller bearing calculation algorhytm

START)

I

n>lO 0

I F. ,=X V F.+Y F. IIF. ,o=Xo V F.+

Yo

FeI

C>

Fo,.

(T

n /

16600j m

Co> ~ o F . , ~ Ne

Ua ID a

Baza

podataka

x y x .y v

m . c . C : . , ~ t , :

Automatski generisani modeli izabranih kotrljajnih

Iezaja prikazani su na slici 3,

Program za automatizaciju proracuna i modeliranja

kotrljanih lezaja razvijen u ctiveXokruzenju kao

ctiveX servere koristi programe utoC D i

Access

[2], Mogucnosti programa Access se koriste

za pretrazivanje, prethodno priprernljene, baze

podataka koja sadrzi podatke

0

kotrljajnim lezajima

iz nacionalnog standarda, a mogucnosti programa

utoC D

za modeliranje lezaja prema

dimenzijama dobijenim prethodnim proracunom.

Komunikacija sa programom uspostavlja se

grafickim interfejsorn, prikazanim na slici 2,

posredstvom kojeg se definisu radni uslovi i zahtjevi

koje lezaj treba da ispuni.

Model evolventnog cilindricnog zupcanika koji

spada u masinske djelove sa ponovljivim i

uobicajenirn oblikorn, parametarski modeliran na

bazi prethodno izvedenog proracuna, prikazan je na

slici 4.

Mogucnost automatizacije izrade tehnicke

dokumentacije, bazirane na parametarskom

modeliranju, prilagodene

potrebama tipicne usko

specijalizovane firme prikazana je na primjeru

Konstruisanje masina -

Joumal ofMechanica.1Engineering Desi gn

2000, No 1,

pp

15-20

19


6/6

Jovanovic J. Bulatovic R.

Mogucnost integracije

postojecih

CAD sistema u ActiveX okruzenje u cilju povecanja .. .

The possibilityof integrating the existing JDsystems in the

ctiveX

enviroment aiming

A

~ . . ~

..I

~ I ~

r I

:

I I

r I

tI :

ri b

:

JI

A W

i

1 ,- L J

Slika S. Graficki interfejs

prograrna

Figure 5. graphic interfaceof the program

Hie ft

4. Zakljucak

4. Conclusion

Oblici vecine masinskih djelova sa kojim se

konstruktor srece u toku rada se ponavljaju a

imajuci u vidu obim vr emen a p ot re bn og za izradu

modela

za

FEM

analize preglede rezultata

dobijenih analizama izradu tehnicke

dokumentacije. Ovaj problem je

- - - ~ a r = o ~ i t o izrazen u preduzecima usko

specijalizovanim za razvoj proizvoda odredene

vrste a vecina savremenih preduzeca i jesu upravo

takva. Moguce resenje ovog problema nalazi se u

automatizaciji pojedinih faza u razvoju novih

proizvoda koja bi bila o moguc ena nadgradnjom

postojecih CAD alata i integracijom u ctiveX

S. Literatura References

The

forms of the most machine pa rt s e nc ou nt er ed

by a designer in the course of his work are repeated

but

having in mind the time needed to make model

for

FEM

analysis survay of the results obtained by

analysis technical documentation elaboration... of

such parts there is the question of the efficiency of

its use. This problem has been especially evident in

the firms specialized for developing special

products most of modem enterprises being like

that. A possible solutions of this problem lies in

automatizing single phases in developing new

products aided by the existing CAD tools and their

integration into ActiveX environment.

[1] Ognjanovic M.: Modeliranje rnasinskih elemenata Masinski fakultet Beograd 1992.

[2] Jovanovic M. Jovanovic J.: CADIFEA Praktikum za projektovanje u masinstvu Univerzitet Crne Gore

Podgorica 2000.

[3] Jovanovic J. Bulatovic R: Mogucnost razvoja CAD sistema u Windows okruzenju IRMES 98 Beograd 1998.

[4] AutoCAD Release 14ActiveX automation 1997

[5] McKelvy M. Martinsen R. Webb J.: Vodic kroz Visual Basic 5 CET Beograd 1997

[6] Novalis S.: Access 97 makroi i

VBA

Mikroknjiga Beograd 1997

20 Konstruisanje m a ~ i n . a - = Journal ofMechanicaJEngineering Design 2 00 0 No 1 pp 1 5- 20

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