Advanced Plastic

Advanced Plastic(Research and development)Renewable PlasticRenewable Plasticsareplasticsthat are made fromrenewableor reproducible sources such as plant based products.Renewable plasticssuch as cellulosic material has been used in the production ofplasticmaterials since the early 1900sCellulose Acetate:Blackwell Plastics utilizes arenewable plasticmade from cellulose or wood fiber in the manufacturing of toothbrushes. This material has excellent cosmetic appearance, has good chemical resistance, and is near water clearPolylactic Acid (PLA):Abiodegradable, thermoplastic, aliphatic polyester,derived fromrenewable sourcessuch as corn starch or sugarcane. This resin has also been available since the early 1900s but has only recently become recognized for its renewable attributes.Blackwell Plasticsuses this material in energy exploration applications where the water soluble characteristics are importantNylon 11 (PA11):An engineering grade thermoplastic made fromrenewable sources such as castor bean. This resin has excellent chemical resistance, particularly to hydrocarbons, wide working temperatures (-40C to 130C), good dimensional stability, and low density. Thisrenewable source plasticis less hygroscopic than other nylons.Blackwell Plasticsuses thisrenewable source plasticin applications in the aerospace market that require excellent chemical resistance and resistance to gaining moisture

Biodegradable plasticBiodegradable plasticsareplastics that are capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.Bioplasticsareplastics derived from renewablebiomasssources, such asvegetable fats and oils,corn starch,peastarchormicrobiota.Bioplastic can be made from agricultural products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms.petrochemicalswithbiodegradable additives which enhance biodegradation.(polyethylene,polypropylene,polystyreneorpolyethylene terephthalate.)

Self healing plasticscontains a thin network of tubes, aping the human vascular system, containing two separate gels that react when they come into contact with each other. When the surface of the plastic is punctured, for instance if shot by a bullet, the two gels pour out, mixing to form a surface roughly 60 percent as strong as the original.Kevlar and PMC(POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES)

INTRODUCTION OF KEVLARKEVLAR IS A MATERIAL COMBINING PARA-PHENYLENEDIAMINE AND TERAPHTHALOYL CHLORIDE.WHEN WOVEN, KEVLAR FORMS A STRONG AND FLEXIBLE MATERIAL

PRODUCTIONKevlar is synthesized in solution from the monomers 1,4-phenylene-diamine (para-phenylenediamine) and terephthaloyl chloride in a condensation reaction yielding hydrochloric acid as a byproduct. It will produce Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA).

Advantages and disadvantages of using kevlarDisadvantagesMust be combined with moisture materialsReacts bad towards compressive forceDifficult to cut and shape unless using machinesReacts badly to UV lightReacts badly to chlorideAdvantagesVery stable at high temeperaturesWaterproofLightweightRetains its flexibilityPolymer matrix compositematerial consisting of a polymer (resin) matrix combined with a fibrous reinforcing dispersed phase. Polymer Matrix Composites are very popular due to their low cost and simple fabrication methods.

Advantages and disadvantages of PMCHigh tensile strengthHigh stiffnessGood abrasion resistanceGood corrosion resistanceLow costLow thermal resistanceHigh coefficient of thermal expansion

PROPERTIES OF PMC IS DETERMINED BYProperties of the fibresOrientation of the fibersConcentration of the fibersProperties of the matrix