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AEO
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- Focused on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Incheon Area
-
A Study on the Implementation of Authorized Economic Operator
(AEO) Program
2011 2
()
AEO
-
- Focused on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Incheon Area
-
A Study on the Implementation of Authorized Economic Operator
(AEO) Program
2011 2
.
2010 -
.2011 2
AEO
- iii -
1 2
1 1 6
1 1 2
2 AEO AEO 1. 2. 3. 4. 3 AEO AEO AEO 1. 2. 3. 4. 1 2 3 4
10 10 13 13 14 17 20 23 23 23
25 26
3 1. 2. 3. MOU
30 30 31 35 36 36 37 37
- i -
5 1. AEO 2. FTA 6
37 37 41 46 46 49
1. 2.
4 AEO 1 AEO 1. AEO 2. 3. 2 ( , , ) ( , ) 1. 2. AEO 3 4 5 6 7
(MRA)
52 52 52 56 62 65 65 66 67 68 69 71 74
5 1 2
77 77 79
81
Abstract
84
- ii -
MOU 3
> AEO AEO 3M AEO AEO AEO AEO MRA FTA FTA ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) (
, ) ( , ) ( , )
5
12
13
16
17
18
19
20
26
28
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36
41
42
42
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54
55
57
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( , ) ( , ) AEO
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62
68
70
72
76
2 22
4-3>
AEO MRA MRA AEO FTA AEO FTA AEO ( , ) ( , , )
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34
35
39
44
47
48
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63
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( , ) AEO
64
65
66
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74
AEO
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>
>
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89
91
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AEO - AEO . FTA AEO ( ), ( ), ( ) MOU
(
"
"
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AEO
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AEO
AEO
.
. 9.11 ( , , , , ) (Customs 24 Line) C-TPAT, CSI, Hour . Rule, ,
100% Rule C-TPAT WCO SAFE Framework . ISO( ( ) , ICAO ) IMO( ) ISPS
Code .
15 8 114 . FTA 2009 -
99.9%
FTA
- vi -
14%, 27% . , (73.8%) (FTA) (0.9%) . AEO (2010 42 AEO . 9 12 8 )
(6 )
, FTA 5 4 1 .
2010
FTA
.
,
-
,
-EU
FTA
,
FTA
AEO
1
.
FTA AEO ( , , ) , , AEO AEO .
,
.
AEO
.
AEO
AEO
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.
5
500
(
100
/
),
(4
)
.
AEO
AEO
(MRA)
AEO
.
, (37%) (28%) .
- vii -
. , AEO CEO , , AEO .
, . AEO , , , .
, (MRA) . AEO AEO .
, (CSR , : Corporate Social Responsibility) AEO [noblesse
oblige]
ASC(Authorized
Supply
Chain)
Model
.
,
AEO
AEO
.
10
5
5
.
.
, .
.
,
.
- viii -
1 1 2001 9.11 (Facilitation) (Security) . . 9.11 , , . , , . 11
15 FTA 8 FTA 45 . 2004
,
EFTA,
FTA
,
,
,
,
.
CSI,1) ,
C-TPAT2)
(WCO)3)
1) (CSI : Container Security Initiative) 2002 (CBP : Bureau of
Customs and Border Protection, .) , . CBP are "extend [the] zone of
security outward so that American borders the last line of defense,
not the first.( )" : . CSI . 2) (C-TPAT : Customs-Trade Partnership
Against Terrorism) . C-TPAT , .
- 1 -
2005 6 27
SAFE
Framework
(WCO SAFE Framework of Standards to secure and facilitate global
trade)
.
WCO SAFE Framework Authorized Economic Operator is a party
involved in the international movement of goods in whatever
function that has been approved by or on behalf of a national
Customs administration as complying with WCO or equivalent supply
chain security standards. Authorized Economic Operators include
inter alia manufacturers, importers, exporters, brokers, carriers,
consolidators, intermediaries, ports, airports, terminal operators,
integrated operators, warehouses, distributors AEO4)(Authorized
Economic Operator) WCO . AEO , , , , , , , , , , .
:
(2009),
5)
, AEO, 6
WCO , . WCO3) (WCO : World Customs Organization) , 1953 . . 94 6
(CCC) WCO ,
10 3 CCC WCO . 4) 2005 6 (WCO) . (SAFE Framework)
(EU)
AEO
.
.
5)
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',
'
',
'
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.(
:
http://www.wcoomd.org/Kyoto_New/
Content/content.html)
- 2 -
AEO EU
, 2006 6 SAFE Framework . < 1-1> SAFE Framework WCO
AEO
. WCO
EU
,
WCO
2008
1
AEO
.
,
,
,
,
(AEO)
.
:
(2009), AEO
, 1
2008 1 255 2( ), 2009 4 2 259 2( ), 2009 2010
.
12
1
AEO
,
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.
,
2007
8
100%
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6)
2007
110
9/11
- 3 -
911
6)
(Im plem enting
the
9/ 11
C om ission m
2012 7 100% , 2011 AEO . AEO , , . , . 15 8 114 99.9%7)
.
FTA
2009
-
FTA9)
14%,
27%
.8)
2009
(73.8%)
(FTA)
(0.9%)
.
, AEO
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AEO
9
(10.12.8
)
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(2010), FTA , (http://www.etnews.co.kr), 28 9) (CDW : Customs Data
Warehouse) (DB) , .
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.
(forwarder), "
,
,
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.
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(2010),
-
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MOU
,
(http://www.newsis.com)
, 4
20
- 5 -
2 AEO ( , ,12)
)
,
AEO
.
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AEO
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.
FTA
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FTA
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(FTA)
14)
AEO
.
AEO
.
AEO
.
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)
,
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(2008)
,
12) 2 ( ) 1 11
.
(forwarder), "
,
,
"
.
13) 14) 15)
(2004,
)
(2010,
)
(ASC
:
Authorized
Supply
Chain) :
,
.
16)
(2010,
)
- 6 -
.17) (2008)
R&D
.18)
(2007)
,
.19)
(2008)
AEO
.20)
(2009)
,
WCO
Framework
,
,
GPS
.21)
(2008)
AEO
AEO
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(2010)
,
FTA
,
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,
,
,
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RFID,
DM/UCR23) , AEO
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17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) (2008, )
(2008, )
)
(2006,
(2008,
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(2009,
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(2008,
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23) e-freight :
, RFID(Radio-Frequency IDentification) :
, DM (Data M odel)/UCR(Unique Consignm ent Reference Num ber)
:
- 7 -
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.28)
(2008)
CSI
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AEO
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Comparison)
(2009,
)
(2008,
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.
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AEO ,
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3
.
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,
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.
30) (MRA : Mutual AEO .
Recognition AEO
Arrangement)
- 9 -
2 AEO 1 (Supply Chain Security) . . 2001 911 . , (Facilitation)
(Security) . 2003 , , 18 (Department of Homeland Security) . 2002
CSI C-TPAT, 24 24 Hour Rule . , C-TPAT (Customs-Trade Partnership
Against , Terrorism) , , , , , , , , , , NVOCC31) . , WCO C-TPAT
SAFE Framework( ) . WCO Framework AEO WCO . AEO , , , , ,32)
,
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Common
- 10 -
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Code 2007 8
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.,
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of
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AEO < 2-1> .
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41)
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AEO
,
, 64
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2 AEO 1.
2005 6 WCO (SAFE Framework) 9.11 . C-TPAT WCO ,
AEO
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, .
,
,
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AEO
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:
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T3 3 . 2010 5 9,858 .
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1 EU . , , , , , , . , , ( ) , , , , . 2010 5 2,430 17%, 3%, 80% .
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4 1 (CACC : Customs Administration 4 Classified Companies) A, B,
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2-1> .
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406
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, , EU, ,
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- 23 -
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13, 2008
2010 6 11 < 2-4> , , MRA MRA . , , WCO , (CCF ) : Customs
Cooperation Fund) ( AEO AEO AEO .47)
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- 28 -
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MRA
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'10.7 10.5 '10.11 '11. '10.10 '10.10 '10.10 '10.10
AEO Working Group 1
MRA (1 ) (2 ) (1 ) (2 ) EU (1 ) MRA MRA
AEO Working Group 2
AEO Working Group 2 MRA MRA
:
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2008
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.
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AEO
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(WTO)
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- 30 -
< 3-1> 2 99.9% ) AEO ( , ( ) . 1 .
,
AEO
AEO 157,866(99.9%) 2(20%)
AEO
:
114(0.1%) 8(80%)
157,980(100%) 10(100%)
(08
), AEO
(2010
12 21
)
2 < 3-2> , 2009 52,831 , , , 08 22.2%(15,083 ) .
- 31 -
2008
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 : CDW
18.0 16.5
2009
(
, %)
16.8 15.8
12,206,297
8,858,835
11,227,774
8,341,143
7,577,744
11.2
4,967,929
9.4
3,019,703
4.4
3,654,749
6.9
2,539,905
3.7
2,220,997
4.2
2,071,576
3.0
1,978,024
3.7
2,468,644
3.6
1,985,498
3.7
3,618,574
5.3
1,881,131
3.6
2,489,980
3.7
1,833,355
3.5
1,965,841
2.9
1,412,790
2.7
1,305,910
1.9
1,229,348
2.3
1,216,883
1.8
1,234,317
2.3
1,621,086
2.4
1,087,745
2.0
1,202,546
1.8
789,004
1.5
13,381,699
19.8
11,356,386
21.6
67,914,162
100
52,831,251
100
2009 1 2 FTA 14%,
- 32 -
27% . < 3-3> 111,603 82,370 (74%) FTA 978 (0.9%) FTA 622
(63.6%), 07 EFTA 6 276 54 (5.5%), 26 (2.7%) . FTA .
.
(28.2%),
82,370 22,624 667 146
FTA FTA EFTA - FTA FTA WTO
73.8 20.3 0.6 0.1
(%)
622 54 276 26121 238 114 178 16 8 93 91 2,035 1,924
0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 1.8 1.7
( (
)
)
( (
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100
:
CDW
- 33 -
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2008
1 2
3,254,271 2,336,298
2009
15.86 11.39
2,893,526 1,402,128
(
, %)
18.83 9.12
3
978,078
4.77
1,068,393
6.95
4
718,988
3.51
860,345
5.60
5
668,830
3.26
687,169
4.47
6
510,405
2.49
591,642
3.85
7
416,992
2.03
581,461
3.78
8
434,724
2.12
477,570
3.11
9
806,477
3.93
407,003
2.65
10
422,393
2.06
404,258
2.63
11
396,552
1.93
279,329
1.82
12
9,568,936
46.65
5,716,529
37.2
20,512,944
100
15,369,353
100
49)
: KITA.net
2008 422,007 > , 09 363,534 ( > > )
- 34 -
5 FTA , < 3-5> 05~07 , 2008~2009 (2009 . 15,369 ) FTA
6,840 44.5% . FTA ASEAN, , , , EFTA , EU . 2009 ASEAN .
CEPA
(10.1.1),
11
5
.
FTA FTA
2005 2006
46,993 56,209 86,248
567,792 743,613 731,828
ASEAN 1,423,212 1,837,421
EFTA
216,257 361,862 420,160
2,263,530 2,365,186 2,314,040
(
EU
, %)
24,485
1,697,138
56,485
2,814,462
2007
76,018
2,389,895
4,629,074
2008
132,514 102,041 (0.66%)
718,988 860,345 (5.60%)
85,417 40,865 (0.27%)
2,035,617 2,439,264 (15.87%)
396,552 279,329 (1.82%)
2,336,298 1,402,128 (9.12%)
3,705,524 1,715,587 (11.16%)
2009
:
CDW
3 TWO-TRACK . , < 3-2> AEO FTA
.
.
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AEO
FTA
(5~10)
MOU
()
4 1.
3
.
FTA
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.
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4 27 5 17 ( > ) . FTA AEO ,
2010 , , , CEO MOU 5 .
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+ +
FTA + + +
: FTA : FTA : FTA
: FTA : FTA : FTA
: FTA : FTA : C/O
: FTA : FTA : FTA REVIEW & RETOUCH
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- 43 -
FTA
( ) FTA FTA - FTA => FTA - => BOM , FTA => - HS ,
=> , , FTA FTA FTA FTA
HS - FTA HS : : : ,
- 44 -
FTA , FTA - FTA FTA FTA => FTA , ,
5) . FTA , , , .
6) . FTA FTA , FTA FTA FTA . FTA
- 45 -
. , AEO .
6 1.
3 ,
1)2010
MOU 5 . 6 FTA . CEO 1 . 9 5 AEO 1 AEO 12 . ,53)
.
,
.
53) 10 200 192 , , , , 6 .
- 46 -
3.19 4.20
4 7 5 7 .2 .1
6.18 *
6.23
7.1
7.5~8.6
7.23
8.18
9.2
9.28
9.29
9.30
10.8
12.7
FTA12.14 (
MOU ( ) ( ) 12 MOU 5 ( ), ( ) , ( ) , ( ) , ( ) 1 (MOU , 5 ) 5
FTA (9 ) CEO (2 , 3 , 1 ) FTAAEO
(1
)
FTA
(2
)
1
FTA
(3
)
(3
)
(AEO
)
1
(
)
MOU
(
)
(
)
)
FTA
(4
), FTA
(1
), AEO
(1
)
- 47 -
2)
< 3-9> 5 1 4 FTA ,
. ( , )
.
1
( )
F A T
FTA (8.27) F A T ( 2 1 (9.2) (8.24) F A T F A T (1 2
)
2
(
)
3 (
) (
4
) ( )
5
(
*
6
)
*
FTA (10.28) FTA (12.14) FTA (11.18) FTA (11.18) FTA (12..9) F A
T F A T (1 2 ) (9.1) (7.1) F A T FTA FTA AEO 12 (9.30) 1 3 9 (1 .3
) 1 0
)
- 48 -
2.
AEO ,
1)
, EU (EU) -EU (FTA) 2010 11 7 1 , FTA . . 2010 6 25
AEO
(MRA)
40
AEO
200
(85
80
)
(
50
25
,
3000 )
1000
)
.
2010
AEO
(12.21
42
67
200
.
54)
AEO
,
AEO
(
3
)
.
20
2
(
)
,
1
800
,
2
1,300
AEO
60%
.
AEO
(042-481-4493)
.
120
100
54)
.
- 49 -
, ,
AEO
.
11
6
.
AEO
.
2), FTA . , AEO FTA . 1 4 FTA , 1 3 . . 1 FTA AEO . FTA
FTA
FTA
55)
.
FTA
56)
55) FTA 2010 4
6
FTA 56)
,
, EU
FTA ,
FTA
,
,
,
15
FTA
,
,
,
.
- 50 -
. , , .
- 51 -
4 AEO 1 AEO 1. AEO1) 2009.6.30 AEO ( ,57) ,58) 2007 200859)
)
2010
AEO
AA
,
,
A
AEO
.
AEO: 2010 11 1 :
~ 3 AEO 16
( , AEO ) : 38 : AEO : :
57) 2004 2009 . 58) , 2004 2009 . 59) 3 1,000 2007 , 2008 .
- 52 -
AEO < 4-1> .60)
2) ? < 4-1> 38 (100%) 2010 12 (32%), (5%) 2011 1 24 (63%),
2 ( ) .
6
18
7
1
FTA
,
5
AEO
.
.
2010 32%
5%
2011 63%
60) .
?
- 53 -
38 (100%) 9 (24%), 2 11 (29%), (5%), 11 (29%), 2 (5%), 4 (10%)
.
3%
10% . 24%
29% 5%
29%
? < 4-3> 38 (100%)61)
0
(0%),
0
(0%),
10
(26%),
3
(8%),
5
(13%),
20
(53%)
.
.
2
.
(
,
)
29
(56%)
3
61) AEO 4 ( , , , ) , , ,
.
- 54 -
(8%) . AEO .
0% 0% 26%
53% 13%
8%
- 55 -
2.1)
(, ) , , , ,
AEO
MOU
(
,
,
)
.
(, ) 11 10 ~ 16
(
: 2010
,
62)
: CRM , , 549 56 10.2%) : 12 : 38 : 6 ( 1 )
,
:
:
FAX
62)
: AEO
: Customer relationship , management)
(CRM , , , . , , , .
- 56 -
2) ? < 4-4> 56 (100%) 1 (2%) 5 (9%), 22 (39%), (9%) 23
(41%), 5 45 (80%) . 24% 9% .
(, ) 0% . 2% . 9%
. 9%
. 41%
39%
2 , 1 , ? < 4-5> 56 (100%) 17 (30%), 16 19 (34%), (29%), 4
(7%) . 70% 30% . .
- 57 -
(, ) 29% 7% 0% . 30%
34%
AEO 56 ? < 4-6> (100%) 3 (5%), 34 (61%), 2 (4%), 13 (23%),
3 (5%), 1 (2%) . 61% . , .
AEO ? < 4-7> 56 (100%) 2 (4%), 27 (49%), 8 (14%), 11
(20%), . 2 (4%), 5 (9%) 49% AEO .
- 58 -
(, ) 5% 23% 2% . 5%
61% 4%
(, ) 20% 4% 9% . 4%
14% 49%
?
56
(100%)
5
(9%),
32
(57%),
8
(14%), .
8
(14%),
3
(4%)
66%
.
- 59 -
(, ) 14% . 6% 0% . 9%
. 14% . 57%
?
56
(100%)
0
(0%),
8
(14%),
18
(32%), .
1
(2%),
2
(4%)
19
34%
.
AEO ? < 56 (100%) 9 (16%), 6 (11%), 25 (45%), 14 (25%), (3%)
. 70% . AEO , AEO AEO , AEO .
4-10>
2
,
- 60 -
(, ) . 2% . 32% 4% . 0% . 14%
. 48%
(, ) 25% 0% 3% 16% 11%
45%
AEO
(
,
,
)
?
56
(100%)
0
(0%),
2
(3%),
16
(29%),
33
(59%), . (
4
(7%),
1
(3%)
)
- 61 -
66% .
.
(, ) . 7% 2% . 0% . 3% 29%
.. 59%
3.1)
(, , ) AEO ), (2 ) (2 ), AEO (2 AEO (4 ) < 4-3> ,
. 1 1 . 1 1 . AEO .
- 62 -
(, , ) 10 28 ( , : 2 ~ 11
-
: 2010
30 , ) )
: ( : 2 : 4 ( ) ( ) - AEO : 2 ( )
:
:
2)
: AEO
( , )
1 ASC .
( ) . < 4-4> ( 80 => 70 ) . ( , ) . AEO . , ON LINE ( )
OFF LINE( )
- 63 -
, ( ) AEO .
(, ) , ( ) (
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- AEO
, ) AEO , . . . . . . AEO . AEO ( )
- 64 -
2 1.
.
AEO . , 2009 ) 12 (CBP)
(
.
. 3M
AEO .
AEO
,
.
.
(
)
.
255 2( ) 255 2(
)
2 1 .
- 65 -
2. AEO
63)
AEO(AM )64) . 11 T/F 15 . 26 Matrix 242 2010 2010 11 <
4-6> 79 .
LS
23
CJ
26
AEO
8
22
79 (17).
: ( ) 9 175 70%
500 ( 100 ), (3 )65)
.
.
AEO
AEO
AEO
(MRA)
AEO
.
MRA
2
EU,
,
,
,
AEO
.
63) 64) 6 ( , , , , , ) . AM(Account Manager) . 65) 12 ( 100 .
70% )
- 66 -
196 500 ( ) 100 (50 :
- C-TPAT Director
-
)
-
7 0 8 11 400 100 0 9 3 AEO , AEO 08 1 0
AEO . AEO
AEO
.
AEO
AEO
,
.
3 < 4-12> 104 (100%) ) AEO ( , AEO 22 AEO 44 , AEO 41 ,
AEO 33 , 5 . 2009 10
,
AEO
UNI-PASS
- 67 -
, (AEO ) . 2009 AEO (28%) AEO (33%) 2010 (37%) (28%) . ( 6 ) AEO
.
,
AEO
: ,
AEO
, 2009
4 . AEO . FTA (TB) , AEO (NTB) . AEO
,
EU
.
(
- 68 -
) ( ) 6 15 , 8 AEO(Authorized . Economic Operator) 50%, . 8.8 (
) " AEO ." , " "66)
.
2
2010
11
.
,
1997 )
(
,
,
,
,
,
.
2010
6
46
5,560 .
.
5 (MRA) (MRA : Mutual Recognition Arrangement) AEO AEO AEO . ,
MRA AEO . 2010 6 15 , , AEO . AEO 2009 4 MRA 366)
(2010),
, , , 6 16
- 69 -
. 2010 ) 12 FTA ( , 16 ) ( , EU 29 45 , FTA ( 1 ~1 6 , , ) MRA .
2 (1 ) MRA ( , ) . S ( EU AEO : T3 ) ) , ( , , , .
MRA
1 : X 2 : : ( ) Y ( ) , AEO , 2008 , 11
M RA
- 70 -
< 4-13> EU, , ,67)
.
,
,
,
AEO
.
AEO
68)
.
6 C-TPAT , . 6 (COPQ : Cost of Poor Quality, < ) AEO 4-14>
. , (Visual : AEO ) ) (Hidden : ., , . . . , AEO .
KOICA .67) 2011 ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ) MRA . 68) 2010 WCO (RTC:
Regional Training Center)
- 71 -
6
: 6
AEO
ASC(Authorized5
Supply
Chain)
Role Model
69)
10
AEO
,70)
3
2
.
AEO
AEO
(
,
)
AEO
AEO
ASC
AEO
.
.
.
-AEO
(
,
)
MOU
(10.3)
3
.
1
-AEO
69)
(
)
AEO
.
70)
(
)
,
,
, (
)
,
.
- 72 -
AEO , 2 AEO , AEO . 3 -AEO AEO . AEO
AEO ,
AEO
,
AEO
.
71)
,
(10.3)
Self-Check .
72)
11
7
.
73)
.
, 2008
12
C-TPAT
9.11
(2002
8.7%
2008
22.4%)
2.6
, C-TPAT
10
.
AEO
(
)
2010
Nokia
AEO
.
,
Nokia
Nokia
Supplier
AEO
.
Self-Check 71) (Core Values 4 Award) 2006 8 , , ,
.
72)
10-0946650
(10.3.3)
, ,
,
8
.
73)
(2009),
,
[
3M(
),
Bowing(
), Bayer(
), Macy's(
)
AEO
.],
(http://www.klnews.co.kr), 4
17
- 73 -
7 99% AEO .
6
.
.
,
2009
(24,911
,
77%)
(2,031
, 6%),
(1,738
, 5%),
(1,450
, 4%)
.
29,570 24,911
84 1,021 1,021 100 2,031 1,981 98 1,773 1,738 98 1,500 1,450 97
820 805 98 525 514 98 5 37,240 32,465 87 : (147,850 ) 20% ( EU ) :
AEO
(
:
, %)
77
3
6
5
4
3
2
100
, AEO CEO , , .
- 74 -
. AEO 50%80%( 1,500 )
.74)
,
,
,
2~3
.
,
(
,
)
.
,
.75). 3
"
(
2009-341
)
.
.
AEO
.
,
2010 1
20
5
(6
)
.76)
74) 75) 76)
2010
2011 . ,
-
, 2010
10
2010
106
(2010
AEO
,
6
21
) 2
- 75 -
[ 3] () ()
,
2005.
.
.
- 76 -
5 1 9.11 , , , , , (Customs Line) 100% Rule , C-TPAT 2002 . 9.11
WCO 6 (Resolution on Security and Facilitation of the International
Trade Supply Chain) 2005 6 Framework(Framework . of Standard to
Secure and Facilitate Global Trade) AEO AEO , 2008 2009 AEO , . ( ,
) . AEO , . AEO , AEO . , ,
CSI, 24 Hour Rule,
.
FTA
(
)
2010
FTA
.
,
AEO
1
.
.
- 77 -
.77) , AEO , , , , . ,78)
.
[noblesse (
oblige]
ASC(Authorized
Supply Chain) Model AEO
)
AAA
(best
practice)
.
,
AEO
AEO
.
,
AEO
.
AEO
,
.
,
,
.
.
,
.
77) 78) (2010), , 11 (CSR , : Corporate , Social Responsibility)
, .
- 78 -
2 , . 2 AEO AEO AEO . , 2009 4 2010 12 17 < 5-1> 67 ( )
AEO 2 . , AEO . .
(
41 17 9 22 22 9 3 3 0 6 2 0 67 13 13 6 1 2 4 2 6 6 1 1 1 2 3 3 2
1 : AEO
: ,
: 10.12
)
MRA 3 ( , , ) AEO . 2011 2010
FTA,
EU
FTA
.
G20
,
IMF
.
- 79 -
G20 , .79) FTA . , . , AEO , , . WTO . AEO . AEO . AEO AEO
.80)
79) 80)
(2010), FTA , 97(2009), AEO!
,
, 2009
8 , 30
- 80 -
1.
1)(2009), (2010), , AEO , 40 (2008), , (2010), FTA , (2009), AEO
(2006), , (2008), AEO (2009), AEO
2)(2008), AEO (2009), 2009-11 (2010), 2011 (2010), AEO , (2008),
, (2010), (FTA) 2 , , 6 (2006), , , 31 5 (2008), AEO ,
- 81 -
(2008),
Supply
(2009),
(2008),
(2009), AEO! (2010), AEO
(2010),
(2009),
2.
(2004), 2003
(2009),
(2009), AHP
(2008),
, , , , 2009 8
Chain
,
,
,
11
(AEO)
,
FTA
,
,
,
,
24
1
CSI
,
2008
11
US CBP(2008), 1st National Conference on SAFE Trade and AEO, W
CO(2000), The International Convention on the Sim plification and
Harmonization of Customs procedures(Revised) WCO(2007), "SAFE
Framework of standards"
3.(2009), , , (http://www.klnews.co.kr), 4 17 3 (2010), 85% 80%
, (http://news.donga.com), 12 , 21 (2010), ,
- 82 -
(http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr), 6 FTA , 16 (2010),
(http://www.etnews.co.kr), 4 28 (2010),
MOU
,
(http://www.newsis.com), 4
20
4.
(http://portal.customs.go.kr) (http://www.mltm.go.kr)
(http://wcoomd.org) (http://100.naver.com)
(http://www.klnews.co.kr) (http://www.taxtimes.co.kr)
(http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr) (http://www.joseilbo.com)
(http://www.mke.go.kr)
- 83 -
Abstract A Study on the Implementation of Authorized Economic
Operator (AEO) Program
- Focused on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Incheon Area
Kim, Jae-Hong Major in International Trade Graduate School of
Business Administration Inha University
The
purpose
of
this
study
is
to
analyze by
the small
implementation and
of
Authorized enterprises richest policy the
Economic (hereinafter of
Operator referred
(AEO) to as
Program in
medium-sized which to has the
"SMEs") in
Incheon The
area,
base
manufacturing
sector
Korea.
study the
tries
propose means of SMEs In the
recommendations for more of
efficient support for which is
SMEs to
by
results the to
Incubating
Program
program in
support
under order
Industrial-Governmental-Educational provide of an opportunity
and support of for for
Partnership in
Incheon city
Area.
companies AEO
the
through
utilization (Jungseok Main which
FTA
certification, Logistics of and
Inha
University Incheon
Research
Institute
International Incheon been
Trade),
Customs signed
(Audit an
Bureau),
Chamber driving
Commerce
(Secretariat), SMEs
MOU,
have
Local
Promising
Incubating The Since huge
ProgramPlan (hereinafter referred of this of study and the
results attack,
to as "incubator program"). can the be summarized States as
follows. the
contents
the
outbreak
the
9.11
terror
United
launched
border
management of
agencies
named
'Department Quarantine
of
Homeland Coast
Security'(integration
Customs,
Immigration,
Authority,
- 84 -
Guard
and
Border system
Guard) such as ect.
and
has
implemented CSI, 24 Hour
supply Rule,
chain 100%
security and
management export country based
C-TPAT, to
Rule
inspection through on
system the
conduct of
risk
management Line. In
in
the
exporting the WCO
expansion
Customs
particular, program
C-TPAT, in the and
private-governmental U.S., established
partnership
to
prevent 'SAFE the ISO
terrorism
the
international around the
standard to
Framework,'
recommended
countries
world at the a
adopt time.
system in order to pursue trade (International management
Aviation measures Maritime the safety Organization certification
for
security and facilitation Standardization) as a
same
instituted ICAO
logistics
security Civil
system been
standard,
(International Safety IMO and
Organization) by the
has
implementing on plasticity
Aviation and the
security
Convention has also
(International System for
Organization) of the Ship
been
implementing
ISPS
Code
and Port Facility.
The Incheon exports amount very
proportion area, by of
of
SMEs 114
amounts
to
99.9% In the
of
entire of
158,000 FTA is
companies
in the the is
except
large FTA is
companies. 14% and
case
utilization, based on FTA
Korea-ASEAN exports In case in of
imports of
27%
2009.
Thus,
the in
utilization Incheon, tariffs, terms of
Korea-ASEAN majority the of
low. are
companies current
the and
companies tariffs of
(73.8%) (using SMEs
charged apply of the to
with a
MFN In
preferential
FTA) at all
few
(0.9%). AEO
AEO
certification, on
none
entire
nine
certified
companies(based
December
8, 2010).
As
results as as
of the the
incubating certified certified under in the
program exporter exporter
promotion, by items
five
companies of them
were was of
designated designated preferential successfully
and for the
one the
by
company Also,
utilization has
tariffs
EU-Korea that the
FTA.
program of this
been
evaluated
respect
utilization
practice
program
- 85 -
at
2010
FTA the
Business of the
Success
Practice
Contest of
got
Excellent and
Award.
However, FTA as
delay as the
implementation the SMEs'
Korea-U.S. resources
FTA for
Korea-EU made it
well
lack
of
human
trade one
difficult to utilize
FTAs. As
a result,
it is so regretful that only support.
company
got AEO certification under the
consulting
There Therefore,
are
numerous
studies
on
the
FTA
utilization plans
and
AEO
certification. AEO
policy for
implications the SMEs
and
stable
diffusion as
about
supporting AEO
certification results,
is
proposed
follows from
based
on
driving sectors
listening
to
feedback, customs AEO
surveys brokers,
related
industry and
(export-import with the
companies,
forwarders,
etc.)
interviews
audit team inside
certified
companies in this study.
First, it is important to make the and of training lack for the
SMEs by
legal basis which can support consulting to human resources and
to costs. Because AEO
vulnerable SMEs, it is
the
of
interests to
desperately In the to addition, Korea install
required
publicize to the
system
and
support
education. planning it is of
according
future in
personnel charge of
requirements AEO system,
Customs
Service
(KCS)
required to
tentatively
named
AEO15 and
Certification staffs. import and to
Audit the
Divisionand five to years, be
secure 500
additional companies 100
personnel including companies years) is
about
During
next need
about
export per
companies companies an
certified
audit(about period
year),
the
after
authorized works AEO
validity the
(four
scheduled to AEO with AEO
occur
additional when has in
about mutual
renewal
audit.
Due
certification foreign
delay,
recognition in case to
agreement that
(MRA) of
countries is few so
been our
contracted, country,
number goods
companies smaller, FTAs.
benefits is
exporting
become with the
and
exporting
industries
relatively
disadvantageous
- 86 -
Second, and
according
to
a
survey, (37% costs and of
it
shows
that
they
want
system
publicity the
education
institutions consultant publicity In it
answering this
companies), year. Until it
and
supporting now, be
equipment many now AEO
and
(28%)
even
although continued in
institutions and forever.
education to
have
done, the
should to
other needs
words, that
encourage sessions be held. on
SMEs and
participate
application,
the
AEO
FTA
utilization
targeting CEOs and
executives should
Third,
regarding political
the
policy of
operating the central
competitiveness government as
in well
the as
local of
community,
response
that
local governments should be the central government,
changed. When AEO certification cooperate Main Customs as well
as local
with
Incheon
government, Incheon of Korea it
Incheon Chamber
Metropolitan of
City,
Incheon
Free
Economic Agency,
Zone
Authority, Branch based, I
Commerce, Trade
Incheon
Business and such
Incheon is
International
Association
cooperation
think
brings better effect.
Fourth, which only the
the
MRA signed
is a
to
be
carried on so
forward
simultaneously. with
AEO
program, is are
cannot
MRA
AEO there the
certification is half of
other
countries, facts of
limited reason
to we
the
domestic,
the the
effect.
These
are
pursuing
MRA
and
expansion
AEO
certifications simultaneously.
Fifth, large
recently
modern and the
society SMEs,
emphasize and
on
mutual social
cooperation
between (CSR). carried the
companies to this
corporate
responsibility companies Model'' AEO
According forward Noblesse
social
environment, ASC
AEO-certified Supply is a
large Chain)
'project Oblige
creating spirit. the
(Authorized words, it
with
In
other
project AEO AEO
that
certified
companies such as
support
SMEs
supplying and
goods
to
certified
companies Incheon
sharing
AEO
experiences
transmitting
techniques.
- 87 -
Main of the
Customs related
already 10
received
certification the
examination five
for
five
companies are under of is
companies, and
and
remaining for
companies In the
certification supporting available practices
examination certification it uses
preparation are the
application. that
terms support the
costs, its
there
requirements broker of and
when which
own
customs in
we
provide
best be
are
actually
helpful
case
preparing
themselves
to
certified, so political recommendations is suggested.
Sixth, to be get
according
to
a for
survey, human to a
the
SMEs
is
desperately funding. fields, the
the The
most
important should
direct
support
resources
and by
support
provided or
according in
characteristics similar way
the as
including
customs
broker
forwarders
such
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- 88 -
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- 90 -
- 91 -
