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After Pearl Harbor …
five (5) million men volunteered for military service
AND …
eventually the Selective Service System provided another ten (10) million soldiers
“A blue star in a home’s window meant someone from that family was in the war”
“A gold star meant someone in the family had died in the war effort”Women in the Armed Forces
Women’s Auxiliary Corps (WACS)
female army volunteers served in noncombat positions
nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, electricians, and pilots
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES)
female noncombat volunteers made up 2 ½ percent of the Navy
AFRICAN AMERICANS
“Why die for democracy in some foreign country when we don’t even have it here?”
“Here lies a black man killed fighting a yellow man for the protection of a white man.”
one million African Americans served in segregated units
Tuskegee Airmen
ASIAN AMERICANS
thousands of Chinese and Japanese Americans joined armed forces
Japanese Americans served as spies and interpreters
442nd regiment was known as “go for broke” regiment
NATIVE AMERICANS
thousands of native Americans enlisted, including women
Navajo “code talkers” were essential for wartime communications
How did Americans get theirnews on the WAR?
NEWSPAPERS
Ernie Pyle
News reels
Radio broadcasts
Edward R. Murrow
telegrams
letters
click radio to hear an actual WWII radio broadcast
click projector to see a clip from an actual WWII news reel
Propaganda
using media to promote a point of view
War Production Board
decided which companies would convert to wartime production
rationed fuel and materials vital to the war effort, such as gas, metals, rubber, plastic
collected and recycled important materials
people used ration books and stamps to purchase rationed items
“victory gardens”
“car sharing clubs”
New Work Opportunities for Some Groups
women
“Rosie the Riveter”
minorities
population shift to
northern cities
Shhhhh … be quiet. Americans were also expected to keep quiet about war related work and information
Even Dr. Seuss was involved in the war effort …
Americans helped offset
the cost of the war by
purchasing War Bonds
8 out of every 13 Americans purchased bonds, raising over 185
billion dollars for the war
Japanese Internment
FDR signs order in 1942 requiring removal of Japanese Americans
California, Washington, Oregon, Arizona, Hawaii
recommended by military
110,000 Japanese Americans relocated to 10 relocation centers
2/3 of these were Nisei or American-born Japanese
Camp Manzanar
Korematsu v. United States
restitutions eventually paid in 1990
FDR was elected President a record four times!
1932 1936 1940 1944
FDR died shortly before V-E Day in April 1945
he changed the role of federal government, led country through WWII, appointed 1st female
cabinet member, contributed to advances for minorities, and helped plan the United Nations
Vice President Harry S Truman sworn in as 33rd president of the United States
