AGEH 29, Fall 2013Shasta Arboretum

Achillea millefolium, yarrowsunflower family, Asteraceae

Achillea millefolium, yarrowsunflower family, Asteraceae

• Native to much of N. hemisphere• Hardy perennial, available in many colors

• Flowers in flat-topped clusters of radiate heads

• Leaves alternate, finely divided• Fruit an achene

Centaurea cinerariaDusty Miller

Centaurea cinerariaDusty Miller

• Originates from the island of Capraia in Italy

• Prefers full sun, can tolerate light shade

• Very drought tolerant but can take regular irrigation

Senecio cinerariaDusty Miller

Senecio cinerariaDusty Miller

• Native to Mediterranean and northwest Africa

• Drought tolerant• Dense hairs on

leaves are used by some species of bees for nest building

• Tolerant of light shade but prefers full sun

Cerastrum tomentosumSnow in Summer

Cerastrum tomentosumSnow in Summer

• Native to the alpine regions of Europe

• Not long lived• Repair bare patches

with divisions• Needs well drained

soil • Spreads 2-3 feet in a

year

Cocculus laurifolius, laurel leaf snail seed (Menispermaceae)

Seed image from Cocculus carolinus, Carolina coralbead

Cocculus laurifolius, laurel leaf snail seed (Menispermaceae)

Evergreen shrub or tree, native to Himalayas (almost viny)

ID: multistemmed, with arching growth; branches long and flexible; lvs. shiny and leathery, to 6”; slow-growing at first, then quickly to 25 ft.

Care: Sun or shade; moderate water

Feijoa (Acca) sellowiana, Pineapple guavamyrtle family, Myrtaceae

• Evergreen shrub or tree, large and multistemmed, liking full sun and moderate water

• 18-25 ft high and wide; leaves glossy green above, gray beneath

• Flowers in spring, with pinkish, fleshy flowers (petals edible, taste like bubble gum); fruit 5 mos later, 1-4 in., bland; harvest as they begin to drop off; if fruit is your goal, buy named varieties (needs cross pollination)

• Prune in late spring• Name change to Acca, not yet

widely used

Feijoa (Acca) sellowiana, Pineapple guavamyrtle family, Myrtaceae

Helianthus maximilianii, Maximilian sunflower

sunflower family, Asteraceae

Helianthus maximilianii, Maximilian sunflower

• Tall rhizomatous perennial, spreading slowly to make large patch

• Many radiate heads in fall• Narrow, alternate, rough leaves• Dies back to the ground in winter• Propagate by digging up a portion

of roots• Cut back stems early to keep from

flopping over

Ilex cornuta, Chinese holly

Ilex cornuta, Chinese holly, holly family, Aquifoliaceae

• Arborescent shrub, native to Asia. In general, hollies have sexes on separate plants, need both sexes to get fruit. But named varieties of this holly set fruit without a male plant!

• Chinese holly variable in leaf, generally have spines on 4 corners and one in middle (or looks like 3 at tip of leaf).

Ilex cornuta, Chinese holly, holly family, Aquifoliaceae

• Needs long warm season to set fruit. In desert grow on north sides of walls and buildings.

• Ours may be ‘Burford’. There is another called ‘Willowleaf’ without the leaf spikes

Iris germanica, bearded irisiris family, Iridaceae

Iris germanica, bearded iris

The American Iris Society ‘How to Plant and Grow Bearded Iris’http://www.irises.org/About_Irises/Cultural%20Information/Grow_Bearded.html

• Perennial with branching rhizomes

• Flower parts in threes; ovary inferior

• Flat parallel veined alternate leaves in one plane, folded around the stem (“equitant”)

• Fruit a three-chambered capsule

Lantana camaraLantana

Lanata camaraLantana

• Native to tropical regions of Americas and Africa

• Invasive in Asia, South Africa, Australia and Hawaii

• Introduced bio control insects in Australia and Hawaii with mixed success

Lantana camaraLantana

• Poisonous leaves and berries

• Has led to widespread livestock loss in the United States, South Africa, India, Mexico and Australia

• Good honey plants for a butterfly garden

Lavandula angustifolia, English lavender

mint family, Lamiaceae

Lavadula angustifoliaEnglish Lavender

• Native to the Pyrenees Mountains in northern Spain

• Thrives in full sun• Needs only moderate

water

Lavadula angustifoliaEnglish Lavender

• Sweet fragrance used in perfumes and sachets

• Lavender oil used in massage therapy

• Dried leaves used in herbal teas

• Flowers and oils used to prevent clothing moths since they don’t like the scent

L. angustifolia English Lavender L. stoechas Spanish Lavender

• As mint family members, have opposite leaves, square stems, bilabiate flowers

• Flowers in terminal spikes• Both are evergreen shrubs with

lavender fragrance• Native to the Mediterranean• Main difference is in the flower

spikes—L. stoechas has thick spike with colored bracts on top; L. angustifolia has thin spike with no bracts on top.

Loropetalum chinense, Chinese fringe flower, Witchhazel family

(Hamamelidaceae)

Loropetalum chinense, Chinese fringe flower, witchhazel f., Hamamelidaceae

• Native to China and Japan• ID: 6-10 x 6-10 ft; evergreen or

semievergreen shrub; lvs green or purple, 1-2 in.; fls white or pink, petals ribbonlike

• Care: sun to full shade; moderate to regular water; takes any amount of pruning

• Value: flowers all year, but most in spring

Origanum laevigatum ‘Hopley’s’Hopley’s Oregano

Origanum laevigatum ‘Hopley’s’Hopley’s Oregano

• Native to rocky areas of Turkey and Cyprus

• Needs well drained soils in full sun

• Heat and drought tolerant

• Foliage is aromatic• Dried leaves used in

potpourris

Osmanthus heterophyllus, Holly-leaf Osmanthus; Olive family, Oleaceae

Osmanthus heterophyllus, Holly-leaf Osmanthus

Olive family, Oleaceae

• Flowers very fragrant; blooms in spring, summer, fall• Leaves resemble holly but are OPPOSITE; some spiny,

some entire; selection is a male, so no fruits• Large shrub, to 30 x 15 ft• Good, tough, drought-tolerant, often maintained at 6 ft.• From Japan• Useful as a hedge

Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemarymint family, Lamiaceae

Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary

• As mint family member, has opposite leaves, square stems, bilabiate flowers

• Flowers in axillary clusters• Evergreen shrub with strong

fragrance, culinary use• Native to the Mediterranean• Many named cultivars, some erect,

some trailing, different flower colors

Salvia greggii, autumn sageMint family, Lamiaceae

Salvia greggii, autumn sageMint family, Lamiaceae

• Native to southern Texas and northern Mexico

• Blooms throughout summer and fall

• Drought tolerant but does best with moderate water

• Replace plants every 5 years

• Full sun or partial shade

Variable flower colordeep red to pinkish white

Santolina chamaecyparissusLavender Cotton

Santolina chamaecyparissusLavender Cotton

• Native to Mediterranean

• Hot sunny spot in well-drained soil

• Prune in winter• Extracted oil used in

perfumes• Branches repel

insects in closets• Dried leaves suitable

for pot pourri

Santolina pinnataRosemary Santolina

Santolina pinnataRosemary Santolina

• Grow in full sun in well-drained soils

• Easy care• Few pests• Fragrance used in pot

pourri

Stachys byzantina, Lamb’s ears, Mint family, Lamiaceae

Stachys byzantina, Lamb’s ears, Mint family, Lamiaceae

• Creeping groundcovers nearly “evergray” • May decompose in hard freezes, cut back

and will quickly regrow• Flowers: love ‘em or cut ‘em off• Good for edging of beds

Non-flowering Lamb’s ears, ‘Silver Carpet’,‘Primrose Heron’,

‘Helen von Stein’

Trachelospermum jasminoides, star jasmine,

dogbane family, Apocynaceae

Trachelospermum jasminoides, Star jasmine, Dogbane family,

Apocynaceae• Evergreen vine from China; milky

juice can be skin irritant• ID: twining vine 20-30 ft; or handle

like a groundcover; leaves 3”, oval, glossy, opposite; flowers 1”, white, very fragrant

• Best foliage in shade, moderate water; flowers best with sun

Viburnum tinusLaurustinus

Viburnum tinusLaurustinus

• Native to Mediterranean

• Prefers shady moist areas

• Blooms fall to spring• Dense foliage good

for topiary shapes• Susceptible to mites

and prone to mildew