STUDIUL NEVOILOR FUNDAMENTALE DUP MODELULVIRGINIAHENDERSON.
Amnca ia bea. Alimenta ia. Alimentarea acient!l!i. Hi"ratareai
minerali#area $r%ani&m!l!i. Aparatuldigestiv - anatomie i
fiziologie T$talitatea$r%anel$r carea!ca'!nc(ii
rinciale"i%e&tia)i ab&$rb(iarinciiil$r alimentare* )i
eliminarea re#i"!!ril$r alimentare Anat$mic+ t!b!l "i%e&ti, -
$r%anele ane.e Tubul digestiv+ ca,itatea b!cal/* 'arin%ele
0r/&ntie a c/il$rre&irat$rie )i "i%e&ti,/1*
e&$'a%!l* &t$mac!l* inte&tin!l
&!b(ire*inte&tin!l %r$&* Organeleanexe+ %lan"ele
&ali,are* 'icat!l* ancrea&!l Di%e&tia 2 r$ce&!l rin
care alimentele &!nt "e%ra"ate n/ la c$m!)i&imli*
ne&eci'ici. Di%e&tie b!cal/* %a&tric/*
inte&tinal/Princiiilealimentare3Alimentele* al/t!ri "eaer )i
a/rere#int/&!r&a$r%ani&m!l!i entr! ,ia(/* cre)tere )i
acti,itate. Proteinele s!nt &!b&tan(e c!aternare '$rmate
"in N* 4* O* H* !nele )i S* P )irere#int/ 56 2 57 8 "in %re!tatea
c$r$ral/ a c$il!l!i.S!r&a+ late* carne* $!/* brn#/*
le%!min$a&e* '/in!ri. 9nt!b!l "i%e&ti,rinac(i!nea
en#imel$r* r$ti"ele &e "e&c$m!n n/ laamin$aci#i*care trec
rin m!c$a&a inte&tinal/ 0&i&tem!l $rt1 la 'icat "e
!n"ecirc!la(ia&i&temic/
a:!n%ela(e&!t!ri!n"e&e'$rmea#/ r$teina;propriei* c$la%en!l
=n (e&!t!l c$n:!ncti,* etc.Lipideles!nt
&!b&tan(eternare* '$rmate"in+ 4* O*
H.E.i&t/&!b'$rm/"e%r/&imi &imle 0ne!tre1 &a!
li$i"e 0'$&'$lii"e* %lic$lii"e* cerine* &terine
etc.1.Lii"ele c$m$nente ale $r%ani&m!l!i !man* =n mare*
&!nt '$rmate "in+ aci#i%ra)i* tri%liceri"e* '$&'ati"e*
&'in%$lii"e* c$le&ter$l )i li$r$teine.Lii"elerere#int/ 5? 2
5@8 "in %re!tatea c$r!l!i &!%ar!l!i* ca la a"!lt &/ ,arie#e
lar%0@ 2 @A81.S!r&a "e lii"e e&te a&i%!rat/ "e
%r/&imile alimentare rec!m )i &inte#a l$r =n$r%ani&m
"in r$teine )i %l!ci"e 0'ie cele r$rii* 'ie "in cele
alimentare1.Glucideles!nt &!b&tan(eternare* '$rmate "in4*
O* H)i rere#int/58"in%re!tatea c$r$ral/.S!r&a+ latele*
le%!mele* 'r!ctele*
cerealele&a!r$"!&ein"!&triali#ate0%ri)*'/in/* $re#*
ami"$n* mal(* etc.1. Din !nct "e ,e"ere bi$c>imic* &!r&a
"e %l!ci"ee&te a&i%!rat/ "e m$n$* "i )i $li#a>ari"e.
M$n$#a>ari"ele &!nt %l!c$#a* 'r!ct$#a* %alact$#a.
Di#a>ari"ele &!nt #a>ar$#a 0%l!c$#/ )i 'r!ct$#/1B lact$#a
0%l!c$#a )i%alact$#a1B malt$#/ 0%l!c$#/ - %l!c$#/1.
P$li#a>ari"ele &!nt %lic$%en!l 0$limer animal "e %l!c$#/1*
cel!l$#a )iami"$n!l 0$limeri ,e%etali1.Fibrele alimentare.Din 5CD6*
'ibrele alimentare &e a"a!%/ la rinciiilen!triti,e ale
>ranei #ilnice. ;polizaaridele din plante i lignina care
&!nt re#i&tente la >i"r$li#a rinen#imele "i%e&ti,e
ale $m!l!iraneiB ,aria#/ c! &tarea "e b$al/B,aria#/ c!
$&ibiliatea "e &inte#/ =n $r%ani&m.Pirami"a alimentar/
A $rnit "e la i"eea =m/r(irii r$"!&el$r e care le mnc/m =n
cate%$rii*r$"!&e "i'erite* "ar care a! ,al$are n!triti,/
&imilar/. La ba#/ &e a'l/ r$"!&ele "e care a,em ne,$ie
=n cantitate mare* iar =n,r'* e cele "e care a,emne,$ie mai
!(in&a!"e care ne !tem"i&en&a.5. Deri,ate cerealiere 2
c$n(in ami"$n* carb$>i"rat c! ab&$rb(ie lent/?. Le%!me )i
'r!cte 2 c$n(in ,itamine* 'ibre* 'it$n!trien(i*anti$.i"an(i*
mineraleI. Late )i r$"!&e lactate - carne )i r$"!&e "in
carne* $!/* &emin(ei n!ci 5valuarea pacientului cu boli ale
aparatului digestiv Anamne#a+ i&t$ric!l &!'erin(ei
act!ale2=nce!t!l &imt$mat$l$%iei*
$rar!lme&el$r*rela(ia&imt$mel$rc!alimenta(ia*
aari(ia&imt$mel$r"!/ an!mite alimente Aari(ia !n$r &imt$me
&eci'ice+ "!rere* %re(!ri* ,/r&/t!ri*&en#a(ia "e
;&t$mac lin< La &!%ar* ti!l "e alimenta(ie 0nat!ral/*
mi.t/* arti'icial/1* $bicei!ri)i re'erin(e alimentare c$n&!m!l
!n$r &!b&tan(e 0a"$le&cen(i1 &til!l "e ,ia(/
0)c$lar* a"$le¢1 e'ect!l
r$blemel$r"i%e&ti,ea&!ra&t/rii%enerale*
acre)terii)i"e#,$lt/rii 0maln!tri(ie* aler%ii1Mani'e&t/ri "e
"een"en(/ Anorexia2 ier"erea &en#a(iei "e '$ame )i a aetit!l!i*
$ate 'i+ t$tal/*&electi,/* c$n"i(i$nat/* mental/ 6isfagia 2
"i'ic!ltatea "e a =n%>i(i* e&te ca!#at/ "e &!'erin(e
e&$'a%iene*&a! ne!r$l$%ice Grea7a2 &imt$mne&eci'ic+
b$li "i%e&ti,e* ne!r$l$%ice* aarat!l,e&tib!lar* car"iac*
renal etc #"rs"tura 2 &imt$m ne&eci'ic* !n!l "intre cele
mai 'rec,ente la c$il+a&i&tenta treb!ie &/
in&i&te a&!ra+ m$ment!l!i aari(iei* a&ect*
'rec,en(a*c$n&ecin(eB 6urerea abdominal"2 &emne
ne&eci'ic* ca!#e "i%e&ti,e ,&e.tra"i%e&ti,e* ac!t/
,& cr$nic/B 8emoragia digestiv"+ HDS 0>emateme#/* melen/1*
HDI 0rect$ra%ia1 4onstipa7ia vs 6iareea 9eteorismul abdominal 2
ca!#e "i%e&ti,e )i e.tra"i%e&ti,e 0"e e..
&e&i&1Inter,en(iile a&i&tentei S/ a&i%!re
nece&ar!l cal$ric* =n '!nc(ie "e nece&it/(i* e %r!e "e
,r&t/ S/ m$nit$ri#e#e ct )i ce mannc/ b$lna,ii . S/ alimente#e
b$lna,ii care n! $t &/3)i &ati&'ac/ &in%!ri
acea&t/nece&itate 0c$iii* b$lna,ii arali#a(i etc1
S/in&tr!ia&c/b$lna,!l =nri,in(are%im!l!i alimentar
re&cri&entr!'iecare b$al/* ce alimente treb!ie &/
c$n&!me* =n ce cantitate. S/ rec$lte#e anali#ele "e lab$rat$r
cer!te "e me"ic S/ a"mini&tre#e me"ica(iare&cri&/
