Guha ubushobozi abayobozi kugirango umubiri wa Kristo ube wubakitse.

Amahame y’Ubuyobozi Bwiza John E. Gore ————————————————————————

Byahinduwe mu Kinyarwanda bivanywe mu Cyongereza na

Pasiteri BASEBYA Nicodème

Dufite impano zitandukanye, nk’uko ubuntu twahawe buri. Niba impano y’umuntu ari... gutwara, atwarane umwete.

Abaroma 12: 6, 8

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Amahame y’Ubuyobozi Bwiza Copyright © 2008, John E. Gore Uburenganzira bwose bwihariwe n’umwanditsi ari nawe nyiri iki gitabo. Ariko umuntu wese wizera ko Bibiliya yahumetswe, ikaba Ijambo ryera ry’Imana ridashobora guhinyuka, uwo yemerewe kuba yavana iki gitabo kuri muranda si ntakiguzi asabwe akagicapa kubw’impamvu iyo ariyo yose ijyanye no kwiyigisha Bibiliya no kwigisha abandi ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana; ndetse yemerewe no kuba yatubura izi nyigisho agaha kopi yazo abandi baba bazikeneye. Uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi. Nta gice na gito cy’iki gitabo kigomba kwandukurwa, guhindurwa muzindi ndimi cyangwa gutangazwa muburyo ubwo ari bwose ntaburenganzira bwanditswe bwatanzwe n’umwanditsi keretse mugihe ari ugukoresha interuro nke munyandiko z’ubuhanga cyangwa mungingo z’inyandiko z’ibitabo. Imirongo yose iboneka muri iki gitabo yavanywe muri Bibliya Yera © 2001 Ifoto ibineka kugifuniko k’iki gitabo. Houses of Parliament, London Ifoto y’umwimerere yafashwe na John E. Gore, November 2009. Version: 15 February 2016 Cyarangiye guhindurwa mu Kinyarwanda kuwa 28 Mata 2011

IBIRIMO 1. Ubuyobozi ni iki? 4 2. Ubuyobozi bw’Ubugaragu – Uburyo bwa Yesu. 18 3. Amahame y’ubuyobozi dukurikije Kuva 18. 25 4. Ibindi byakwigirwa kuri Mose. 43 5. Kuzana ihinduka ryubaka. 53 6. Amabwiriza yo gukoresha igihe neza. 66 Bibliography 76

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Umutwe 1

Ubuyobozi ni iki? 1.1 Iriburiro Iyo Imana ishaka gukora ikintu akenshi ishyiraho umuntu wo kuyobora uwo murimo. Urugero, mugihe igihe cyari kigeze cyo gukura abantu bayo mubuja bwo muri Egiputa yatoranije Mose kuba umucunguzi. Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Mose yashyizeho Yosuwa hanyuma Abacamanza mukuyobora abantu bayo. Nyuma y’ubuja bwabo bwo muri Babuloni Imana yarongeye itera intambwe mugucungura abantu bayo hanyuma itoranya Sheshibasari, Ezira na Nehemiya kuba abagabo bo kuyobora umurimo wo kwongera kubaka Yerusalemu. Ubuyobozi ni ingenzi cyane. Nta na kimwe muri ibi bikorwa cyazaga gushoboka kidafite umuyobozi. Tubona kandi ibisa n’ibi mu Isezerano Rishya aho Yesu yatoranije kandi agatoza abagabo cumi na babiri kuba intumwa no kuyobora umurimo rusange wo gukura kw’itorero. Murwandiko rw’Abefeso 4:11, dusoma ko Kristo yashyizeho imyanya y’ubuyobozi butandukanye mu itorero kuko atari umugambi w’Imana ko itorero ry’ahantu cyangwa idini muri rusange ribaho ridafite ubuyobozi bushoboye kandi buyobora muburyo bw’Imana. Amateka y’itorero yerekana ko aho ariho hose ububyutse bw’Imana buri, buri gihe umuyobozi aba ari ku isonga ryabwo. Urugero, muri Australia mu myaka y’ i 1930 kugera 1940, Rev. C.J Tinsely yabaye umugabo Imana yakoresheje bituma amatorero y’Ababatisita atambuka andi yose muri icyo gihugu mugukura mubwinshi. Yerekanye urugero n’umuhati abandi bapasiteri barebeyeho kuburyo ugukura kw’itorero kutihariwe gusa n’itorero rye ahubwo kwaragutse kwadukira no muyandi matorero muri rusange. Mumyaka y’i 1970 Imana yahagurukije John Wimber watangije muvoma ya Vineyard muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ikaza gukangura n’andi matorero menshi mugihugu ndetse no hirya hino ku isi. Ibisa nibi byabayeho muri Australia ahagana muri iki gihe. Imana yakoresheje abantu nka Frank Huston hanyuma n’umuhungu we Brian mu guteza imbere Ikigo cy’Ubuzima bwa Gikristo (Hillsong) na Muvoma ya Assemblies of God muri Australia n’ahandi. Clark Taylor na Christian Outreach Centre hiyongereyeho Phil Pringle wo matorero ya Christian City Church n’izindi ngero zifatika z’iri hame ry’ubuyobozi. Icyakora umuntu agomba kureba k’urugero rw’ itorero ry’ahantu (local church) kugirango abone ubudasa buzanwa n’umupasiteri ukoreshwa n’Imana azana mubuzima no gukura by’itorero. Ubuyobozi bwiza n’ingenzi niba itorero cyangwa idini rigomba gukura. Nizera ko kuyobora ari inshingano y’ingenzi umushumba w’itorero agomba gusohoza. Ashobora gukora ibindi byinshi harimo kubwiriza, gusura abantu, no gutanga ubujyanama, ariko umurimo we w’ingenzi ni uwo kuba umuyobozi usohoza imigambi muburyo bw’Imana. 1.2 Ubuyobozi ni iki? Reka mbaze ibibazo bike bigutera gutekereza, “Ubuyobozi ni iki?” Niki gituma habaho ubuyobozi bwiza? Wabwirwa niki niba runaka ari umuyobozi mwiza?

Umuyobozi ni umuntu abantu biyumvamo gukurikira Kubwanjye ishingiro ry’ubuyobozi ni uko abantu bashaka gukurikira uyu muntu mugusohoza intego. Si yuko gusa bashaka gukurikira ahubwo biteguye kunyura no mubikomeye kugirango basohoze intego z’umuyobozi. Yesu ni umuyobozi wibihe byose uruta abandi, kuko abantu bo hirya hino ku isi no mu myaka y’ibihe byose, bagiye bitangira kumukurikira no gukomeza kumukurikira no gushyika ubwo bamwe batanze ubuzima bwabo. Ubutumire bwa Yesu kuri Petero na Andereya no kubandi bigishwa bwari “ubwo kuza no kumukurikira” Matayo 4:18-20); iri niryo shingiro ry’ubuyobozi. Ntiwibwire ko uri umuyobozi kuko ufite ubusonga bw’ubuyobozi, ushobora kugira ubusonga ariko ntugire umuntu n’umwe wemera kugukurikira. Urugero, umuntu ashobora kuba afite inshingano

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y’ubushumba ariko itorero ayoboye rigahora risubira inyuma kubw’ubuyobozi bubi. Ashobora kugerageza kuyobora itorero muri iki cyerekezo ariko akaba umunyantegenke mu gutuma abanyetorero bamukurikira, yenda biterwa n’uko ntacyo akora by’ukuri mukuyobora, ntakigerwaho cyatuma abantu bamukurikira. Kugira inshingano ntabwo aribyo bikugira umuyobozi, uba umuyobozi igihe hari abantu bagukurikiye. Nkunda umugani uvuga ngo “Umuntu utekereza ko ayoboye ariko ntihagire numwe umuri inyuma amukurikiye, uwo aba yitemberera.” Umenya ko uri umuyobozi igihe abantu bishimira kugukurikira kandi bagakomeza kubikora cyane cyane iyo bagomba kugira ibyo bitanga muri urwo rugendo rwo kugukurikira. Akenshi twumva abashumba bitotomba bavuga ko bitaboroheye gutuma abo bayoboye binjira mu migambi bateganije kubw’itorero. Rero ikibazo si abayoborwa ahubwo ikibazo ni umushumba kuko atumva neza ibisabwa mumurimo wo kuba umuyobozi, kubw’ingaruka ugasanga adashobora gutuma abantu bakurikira imigambi ye. Ntiwitiranye ubuyobozi no gutanga amabwiriza. Numvise ikigereranyo cy’itsinda ry’abantu barimo bafata amafunguro mu nzu igurisha amafunguro hanyuma umwe akubita urushyi uwari uzanye ifunguro kuko yari amennye ibyo kurya ku meza bigatarukira no kubantu bari hafi aho. Igisubizo cy’aba bantu bahabwaga amafunguro kuri iyo mpanuka nto yari ibaye cyerekana impano zitandukanye n’ubushobozi bari bafite. Umuntu watangiye gutanga amategeko y’uburyo bakosora ibyo byari bibaye yagomba kuba umuyobozi. Ntagushidikanya ko umuyobozi afata inshingano z’ikintu kibaye hanyuma agatanga amategeko cyangwa amabwiriza kugirango ibintu bikorwe. Ariko ubuyobozi burenze kure ibi. Urugero, numvise ko hariho umushinga muto warimo gutera imbere hanyuma umuyobozi mukuru afata icyemezo cyo kuzamura mu ntera umwe mubakozi ngo abe mu itsinda ry’ubuyobozi kugirango age afata ibyemezo bya buri munsi mumwanya we. By’ukuri uwo muntu washyizweho byari bimworoheye cyane gutanga amategeko kuburyo ntabyemezo nabike abantu bagiragamo uruhare, byatumwe abantu bacika intege, binubira amategeko y’uwo muyobozi mushya kugeza ubwo wamuyobozi mukuru yaje gusanga ari ngombwa gukuraho uwo muntu no kwongera kwikorera nk’uko byari bimeze mbere. Uwo mugenzuzi wari washyizweho ntangorane yari afite mugushinga no gutanga amabwiriza ariko ntabwo yari umuyobozi kuko nta muntu numwe wiyumvisemo kumukurikira.

Umuyobozi ajyana abantu ahantu hashya kandi heza kurushaho Umwe munshuti zanjye w’ umuyobozi mukuru mu ishyirahamwe rikora ku isi yose, yasobanuye ko “inshingano y’ingenzi y’abayobozi ari ukujyana abantu ahantu hashya kandi heza kurushaho.” Ntekereza ko ubu busobanuro bukomeye. Iki nicyo Yesu akora kubwacu igihe tumukurikiye kandi nibyo twari dukwiriye gukorera abantu badukurikiye. Umuyobozi mwiza muburyo bwa gikristo yagombye gukunda no kwita kubo ayoboye, ariko kandi ubuyobozi bwiza busaba ibirenze ibyo, umuyobozi agomba kujyana abantu ahantu hashya kandi heza kurusha aho bari bari. Reka ngerageze gusobanura ibyo mvuga dufatiye kurugero rw’umusare mukuru w’ubwato. Dushaka ko uwo musare ayobora ubwato kandi akizera ko abugeza k’umwaro amahoro. Niba hari ibibazo byavuka munzira, twizerako umusare mukuru ariwe ufite ubushobozi bwo kubishakira umuti muburyo bwiza kandi bwubaka. Tekereza igihe waba ufashe urugendo mubwato nyuma ukaza kumenya ko ubwato ntacyerekezo bufite ko burimo kuzenguruka gusa. Ibaze icyo twavuga mugihe abantu bagerageza gushyigikira uko kubura kw’icyerekezo batubwira ko umusare mukuru akunda kandi yita kubantu, ko afata umwanya munini asura abarwayi bari mu bwato, kandi ko agerageza gukora uko ashoboye ngo abantu bumve baguwe neza. Igice k’igisubizo cyacu cyaba “yego, ibyo ni byiza, ariko siyo ntego nkuru y’uko dufite umusare mukuru. Dushaka ko akora umurimo w’inshingano ye agomba gukora kandi akizera neza ko twerekeje mucyerekezo nyacyo. Nelson Mandela ni urugero ntagereranywa rw’umuyobozi mwiza. Ni bake bahakana ko yajyanye abantu bo muri Afurika y’Epfo ahantu hashya kandi heza kurusha aho bari bari.

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Nk’abashumba turi abayobozi, nk’abayobozi rero twahamagariwe kuyobora itorero rigatera imbere hashya heza nk’uko Umwuka Wera atuyoboye. Ntabwo tureka ibintu uko byari bisanzwe gusa. Ntabwo dukora ibintu kuko ariko bimenyerewe gukorwa. Ahubwo duhamagariwe kujyana itorero ahantu hashya kandi heza kurusha aho riri ubu.

Umuyobozi ni ufite ihishurirwa ry’ukuri kandi agashobora kurishyira mubikorwa Nk’uko nabivuze haruguru, inshingano nkuru y’umuyobozi ni ukugeza abantu ahantu hashya kandi heza kurushaho. Ariko kugirango ibi babigereho bagomba kuba bafite ihishurirwa. Abayobozi beza bagira ihishurirwa cyangwa indoto. Ni abantu bagurumizwa n’iyerekwa ryabo. Bazi neza aho bashaka kugera, bafite intego mu buzima kandi barayitangira. Abantu ntibazakurikira umuntu kuko abakunda kandi yitonda. Bashaka gukurikira umuntu uzi iyo bajya kandi akaba afite ubushobozi bwo kubageza yo. Tekereza kubayobozi bakomeye bo muri kino gihe cyacu urasanga ari abayobozi bafite iyerekwa. Nelson Mandela yari afite indoto ko Afurika y’Epfo izagira ukwishyira ukizana kwa bose kandi yari afite imbaraga n’imiterere bihagije bituma abantu bamukurikira batitaye ku ibara ry’uruhu rwe. Buri gihe iyo ntekereje kuri Mandela nuburyo yashoboye gusohoza indoto ze numva amarangamutima angurumanamo, iyo ntekereje uko yakuwe mu munyururu kuyobora Afurika y’Epfo, akayobora inzibacyuho ntamaraso asesetse. Ngatekereza ukuntu yashimangiye cyane ibyo kubabarira aho gushaka kwihorera, ni ubuhamya bukomeye bw’imiterere ye n’indangagaciro z’amahame ya gikristo we yakoresheje. Umuhati wa Rev. Martin Luther King wo guca burundu ubusumbane bw’amoko muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika akoresheje inzira y’amahoro ni urundi rugero ntagereranywa rw’uburyo umuntu umwe ashobora kugera kundoto ze iyo afite iyerekwa ryiza akarikurikira afite umutwaro n’ubwitange. Indoto ze zari ‘’ ko abana banjye bane umunsi umwe bazaba mugihugu badasuzumirwa kw’ibara ry’uruhu rwabo ahubwo kubw’ubw’uko bari nibyo bashoboye. ‘’ M’Ugushyingo 2008 izo ndoto zateye intambwe ndende zerekeza ku gusohora kwazo kuzuye ubwo Abanyamerika batoraga umuyobozi w’igihugu w’umwirabura witwa Barak Obama. Abayobozi bakomeye ni abafite iyerekwa. Ariko rero, kugira iyerekwa riherekejwe n’umuhati ntabwo aribyo gusa bikugira umuyobozi. Umuyobozi ni umuntu ushobora gushyira iyerekwa rye mungiro. Nahuye nabantu benshi bafite imigambi myiza yo gukorera Imana ibintu bikomeye cyane ariko ikibabaje nta na rimwe basa nabashaka gutangira gushyira iyo migambi mubikorwa. Ntibashobora gufata iryo yerekwa ryabo ngo babone ritangiye kubyara umusaruro. Ndi muri Afurika nagiye negerwa nabantu benshi cyane bansaba amafranga kugirango bashyire mubikorwa iyerekwa ryabo, ariko umuntu umwe gusa niwe nashoboye kwemerera gushakira amafranga. Kuko nemejwe ko uwo yari afite iyerekwa (vision) ry’ukuri kandi ko afite ubushobozi bwo kugera ku ndoto ze. Kimwe mubyatumye mushyigikira ni uko yari yaramaze gutangira gushyira mubikorwa iryo yerekwa rye kandi byagendaga neza ndetse namenye neza ko amafranga yose nshobora kubona azakoreshwa neza muguteza imbere ibyo yari yaramaze ubwe gutangiza. Benshi mubansaba amafranga bafite iyerekwa ridasobanutse. Ndibuka umuntu umwe wari ufite iyerekwa ryo gutangiza ishuri rya Bibiliya ryo kwigisha abapasiteri, kubaka amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye y’abana, inzu yo kurereramo abana b’imfubyi za Sida, n’indi mishinga myinshi myiza yavugaga. By’ukuri ibi ntabwo byashobokaga. Namugiriye inama we n’abandi bameze nkawe ko bagerageza guhina iyerekwa ryabo mu kintu kimwe biyumvamo kurusha ibindi hanyuma bagashyiraho ingamba z’uburyo iryo yerekwa riba impamo. Undi mupasiteri yansabye amafranga kugirango azamure imibereho y’abantu bo mugiturage muri Uganda. Niyumvisemo ko afite iyekwa ryiza kandi rifite intego isobanutse ishobora gushyirwa mubikorwa. Nyamara ariko yansabye akayabo k’amafranga kugirango akodeshe inzu yo gushyiramo ibiro i Kampala, kugura imashini za mudasobwa (computers), imashini zifotora

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impapuro, guhemba umukarani w’ibiro, no kugura ibindi bijyanye n’ibiro. Namubwiye ko nta torero cyangwa umuntu kugiti cye uzamuha amafranga mugihe aterekana uburyo iyerekwa rye ryashyirwa mubikorwa. Namubwiye ko atari ngombwa gutangirana n’ibiro i Kampala ko ahubwo akeneye kugira gahunda yerekana uburyo abantu bazafashwa, hanyuma agatoranya umurenge umwe atangiriramo iyo gahunda agatangira kuzamura imibereho y’abo muri uwo murenge w’icyaro. Ubwo azashobora kwerekana ko mu bushobozi bwe hari abantu bashoboye kuzamura imibereho yabo, nibwo azashobora gusaba abandi bantu kumutera inkunga y’amafranga kugirango yagure ibikorwa bye no muyindi midugudu n’imirenge. Abantu bashaka gushyigikira muburyo bw’amafranga imishinga ifite ireme ariko umuyobozi agomba kwerekana ko afite iyerekwa rifite ireme kandi ko afite ubushobozi n’ingamba ziboneye zo kurishyira mubikorwa. Iyerekwa ryanjye ni “Guha ubushobozi abayobozi b’amatorero kugirango umubiri wa Kristo wubakwe. ” Ntabwo ngerageza kubwiriza isi yose, cyangwa kuzamura imibereho y’abana bo mubihugu bikiri mu inzira y’amajyambere cyangwa guca burundu akarengane kagirirwa abakene n’abatotezwa, n’ubwo ibyo byose nabyo bimpangayikishije. Nta nubwo ngerageza gutoza abanyetorero basanzwe. Nibanda ku bayobozi b’amatorero nkabaha ubushobozi. Birashoboka ko Imana yazagura umurimo wanjye mu myaka iri imbere ariko muri iki gihe iki nicyo nahamagariwe gukora. Iki nicyo kimpagaritse umutima, iki nicyo mara umwanya wanjye wose ntekerezaho kandi nkagikoraho. Iyerekwa ryawe ni irihe ? Niki kikuri ku mutima gusumba ibindi ? Niki washobora gushyira mu bikorwa kikaba impamo ? Hari imiterere itandukanye abantu bakeneye kugira niba bashaka guhindura iyerekwa ryabo impamo ariko hano ndashaka gushimangira umwe mumitere, bakwiye kugira gahunda ihamye. Leka mbahe urugero rw’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu matorero y’Ababatisita mu Bwongereza. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwari bugamije gusuzuma ibintu bituma itorero rikura. Urutonde rw’ibibazo rwahawe buri torero hanyuma babazwaga ibibazo byinshi byerekeye ubuzima n’imikorere y’itorero ryabo. Rumwe m’urutonde rw’ibibazo rwibandaga kukubaza ubushobozi bw’umushumba mukuru w’itorero, hanyuma abandi bakuru b’itorero babazwaga kwerekana aho afite imbaraga nyinshi. Ibintu bine by’ingenzi byari : mukubwiriza, kwita no kubungabunga abanyetorero, ubuyobozi, n’iyerekwa. Hasuzumwaga imikurire cyangwa ugusubira inyuma kw’amatorero n’imbaraga cyangwa by’umushumba ugeranije n’uko itorero rikura cyangwa risubira inyuma. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwabonye ko aho itorero rifite umushumba ufite imbaraga muby’ubuyobozi itorero ryateye imbere. Icyakurikiye ni aho itorero rifite umushumba ufite icyerekezo cyangwa iyerekwa, hanyuma hakurikiraho aho itorero rifite umushumba wita kandi ubungabunga abanyetorero, icyaje kumwanya wanyuma mubyari byakoreshejwe mu isuzuma ni ukubwiriza. Icyo gitabo cy’ubwo bushakashatsi ntikerekana uko gisobanura ubuyobozi ariko nafashe ko umushumba w’iryo torero yari umuntu uzi gushyira ibintu n’abantu kuri gahunda kandi agatuma ibintu bikorwa. Reka mvuge ko kubwiriza neza bidashora gutera itorero gukura ariko kandi kubwiriza nabi nako kuzaritera kwambara ubusa abantu barishizemo. Kubwiriza ni iby’ingenzi ariko byagaragaye ko atari ikintu shingiro mu bituma itorero rikura. Kuva ubwo nagiye mvugana n’abayobozi b’amatorero ibyerekeye ubu bushakashatsi kandi bisa naho bemeranya ko abashumba batagira gahunda bafite amahirwe make yo kugira amatorero akura ariko abashumba bagira gahunda y’ubuyobozi bafite amahirwe menshi kubona amatorero yabo atera imbere. Kwiha gahunda no gukoresha igihe neza nibintu by’ingenzi ku kuba umuyobozi ushyitse wesa imihigo.

Umuyobozi ni umuntu uha ubushobozi abantu be kuburyo bagera ku bintu birenze ibyo ubusanzwe bashoboraga kugeraho ubwabo

Iki ni igitekerezo cyanjye kingenzi mubigize ubuyobozi. Bintera umunezero cyane. Nkunda aya magambo akurikira yavuzwe n’umwanditsi umwe kuby’ubuyobozi bwiza kuko yerekana neza ubuyobozi icyo aricyo, “Nigute wamenya umuyobozi ?... baza mungeri zose, mukigero cy’ubukuru icyo aricyo cyose, mu ishusho iyo ariyo yose, no mubihe ibyo aribyo byose. Bamwe ni abategetsi babi, abandi si abantu bagaragara cyane …(ariko) umuyobozi w’ukuri ashobora kumenyekanira

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kubyo abo ayoboye bageraho.″1 Aha niho ibanga ry’ubuyobozi bwiza riri, ni uko umuyobozi afasha abantu kugera kubintu ubwabo batari kwigezaho. Ubuhangange bw’umuyobozi mwiza ntibugaragazwa n’imbaraga ze, ahubwo bugaragazwa n’ubuhanga afite muguha abandi ubushobozi. Ni ukuvuga ngo iyo tureba ubushobozi bw’umushumba ntitubupimira gusa kubw’ibibwiriza byiza, kumenya kuvuga ubutumwa, kugira impano yo kuyobora abantu mu kuramya, cyangwa kuba ari umuyobozi mwiza w’amatsinda yo mu ngo. Ahubwo yavugwa ko ari umuyobozi mwiza mugihe yatoje abandi ibyo kumenya kubwiriza akabaha n’umwanya wo kubikora, kubatoza ivugabutumwa, kuba abayobozi bashyitse ba gahunda yo kuramya Imana nokuyobora amatsinda yo mungo. Umubare w’abo yatoje kuba abayobozi beza niwo uzamuhesha kwitwa igihangange n’umuyobozi mwiza. Nk’umuyobozi wahamagariwe gutoza no kubaka ubushobozi bw’abantu kugirango bagere kurugero rw’igihagararo cya Kristo. Ibi birebana n’ibyerekeye imibereho yabo ya gikristo kimwe n’ibyerekeye umurimo wabo mugukorera Imana. Murwandiko Intumwa Paulo yandikiye Abefeso 4 :11-13, avuga ko Imana yatanze abayobozi mu itorero kugirango abera batunganirizwe gukorera Imana. Nuko aha bamwe kuba intumwa ze, n’abandi kuba abahanuzi, n’abandi kuba ababwirizabutumwa bwiza, n’abandi kuba abungeri n’abigisha, kugirango abera batunganirizwe rwose gukora umurimo wo kugabura iby ‘Imana no gukomeza umubiri wa Kristo kugeza ubwo twese tuzasohora kugira ubumwe bwo kwizera no kumenya Umwana w’Imana, kandi kugeza ubwo tuzasohora kuba abantu bashyitse bageze kurugero rushyitse rw’igihagararo cya Kristo. Aha turabona igitekerezo cy’umuyobozi uha abantu ubushobozi kugirango bakore umurimo kugirango twese dukure kandi tugere kurugero rushyitse. Ubu buryo bwo gufasha abantu bagahabwa ubushobozi butuma bagera kurugero rwabo rushyitse muri Kristo ni ikintu k’ingenzi mu buyobozi bushingiye kuri Bibiliya. Bamwe mubashumba n’intumwa bumva batamerewe neza iyo umwe wari munsi yabo atangiye kugera kubintu bikomeye. Aho kumutera imbaraga no kumushakira ibyangombwa bituma arushaho gutera imbere no kunoza ibyo akora, batangira kumushyira hasi, kumunegura, ndetse bagatangira kumwegezayo ntibamuhe inshingano mu itorero. Ikivuka muri bene uku gukandamizwa ni uko uyu munyempano abona ko ntacyo akora aho agahitamo kuva muri iryo torero akigira ahandi. Nucinyiza abanyempano, bazahunga bagusige maze usigare mubukene bwo kubura abakozi. Ndaza kwongera kubivugaho mubindi bice biri imbere ariko aha nashatse gusa nukomoje kuri iki gitekerezo. Ikintu gikomeye muguha abayobozi ubushobozi ni uguteza imbere umuco wo kubashima aho kubanegura no kubaca intege. Umwanditsi w’urwandiko rw’Abaheburayo aduha inama nziza aho yanditse ati ‘’ kandi tujye tuzirikanana ubwacu kugirango duterane ishyaka ryo gukundana n’iry’imirimo myiza. Twe kwirengagiza guteranira hamwe nk’uko bamwe bajya bagira, ahubwo duhugurane kandi uko mubonye urya munsi wegera, mube ariko murushaho kugenza mutyo’’ (Abaheburayo 10 :24-25). Ikintu kingenzi mugushyigikirana mu rukundo no kubw’ibikorwa byiza ni uguterana umwete. Mushumba, tekereza uko wakwiyumva mugihe umuntu yaza kuri wowe hagati mu cyumweru aje kugushimira kimwe mubibwiriza wabwirije mu minsi ishize. Tekereza ukuntu wakongererwa imbaraga mugihe yakubwira ukuntu yashyize mu bikorwa ibyo wigishije n’ukuntu Imana yamuhaye umugisha kubw’ibyo. Ubu buryo bwo gutera umuntu umwete aho kumunegura bizagutera imbataga zo kurushaho gukora n’ibindi birenze ibyo wakoraga. Umuyobozi mwiza ni utera umwete abo ayoboye abashimira agakuza umuco wo gutera umwete abandi mu ishyirahamwe. Twebwe nk’abayobozi tugomba gutoza, guha ubushobozi, gushima dutera umwete, gutunganya no guha urubuga abo tuyoboye kugirango bagere kubyo batari kugeraho ubwabo. Ndizera ko itsinda ry’abizera bashya baje mu itorero rifite umushumba utari umuyobozi mwiza by’ukuri ntantambwe zifatika bazageraho muby’ ubuzima bwa gikristo, kandi birashoboka cyane ko ntanibintu binini bazakora mumurimo w’Imana. Nyamara, itsinda nkiri ry’abizera bashya nirijya mu itorero rifite umushumba ufite impano y’ubuyobozi nizera ko hazaboneka umusaruro ushimishije muby’umwuka. Uyu mushumba azabatera umwete kandi abashishikarize gukora, azareba ubushobozi n’impano bafite hanyuma abatoze kubikoresha. Azabaha umwanya kugirango

1 Maxwell, Developing the Leader Within You, 9.

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bimenyereze kandi bateze imbere umurimo w’Imana. Umusaruro uzavamo ni uko bazagera kuri byinshi mubuzima bw’itorero. Ikinyuranyo kiri muri ibi ni ubushobozi bw’umushumba bwo kuba umuyobozi mwiza uha ubushobozi abantu be kugirango bashobore gukora n’ibirenze ibyo ubwabo batashoboraga kugeraho.

Umuyobozi mwiza ni ushyiraho urubuga rutuma abantu bashaka gukura Ibi birasa ningingo twavuze haruguru ariko niby’ingenzi cyane kuburyo nshaka kubivugaho by’umwihariko. Ikibazo abashumba bakunda kumbaza ni ‘’ Nazana nte impinduka mu bantu banjye ?’’ Igisubizo kuri iki kibazo ni uko twashyiraho urubuga rutuma abantu bashaka gukura. Uko turushaho kubwira abantu ko bagomba kureka gukora ibyaha bagahinduka abantu b’Imana niko barushaho kuguma uko bari. Reka mbahe ubuhamya bwanjye bwite bujyanye n’ibi. Nyuma gato y’uko nubatse urugo, jye n’umugore wanjye twimukiye muri Canada, hanyuma twifatanya n’itorero ryerekanaga ibyo mvuze haruguru. Nyamara, hari umuryango umwe, umugore wo muri wo yabagaho imibereho yagikristo yatumye nifuza kuba nkawe. Yari yarabaye umumisiyoneri ariko yaragarutse mu rugo kubera uburwayi. Yarafitanye imigenderanire idasanzwe n’Imana kuburyo yateraga abantu kubyifuza kandi yakundaga abantu muburyo buhebuje kandi yerekanaga umunezero mu mibereho ye kuburyo byatumaga nifuza gukura mubyo kumenya Imana nkawe. Muby’ukuri ntawundi muntu nigeze mpura nawe ubaho imibereho igaragaza iyi nsanganyamatsiko ngo ‘’ kunda Imana, kunda abantu, kunda ubuzima’’ nk’uwo mugore. Iki rero nicyo navugaga ngo ‘’shyiraho urubuga rutuma abantu bifuza gukura.’’ Imibereho yawe n’ubuzima bw’itorero uyoboye nk’umushumba, byagombye kugira impinduka kubantu barizamo muburyo bwubaka bigatuma bifuza guhinduka. Ntabwo bivuga ko uzaba umuziranenge, kuko nta numwe w’umukiranutsi ijana ku ijana, ariko abantu bagombye kubona by’ukuri Kristo muzima mu mibereho yawe. Ntekereza cyane ko buri mukrisito wese mundiba y’umutima we yifuza kuba umukristo unesha mu buzima bwe bwa gikristo ariko bakeneye abantu bareberaho urugero rwiza kandi bakabereka uko bahinduka abantu Imana ishaka ko baba bo. Ugukura muby’umwuka biroroha iyo umuntu afite urubuga rwiza rwo gukuriramo. Reka mbahe ibigereranyo bibiri mfatiye kubibaho mu isi. Icyambere ni igifatiye kuburyo ubuhinzi bw’ibishyimbo buboneka henshi mubice by’Afurika. Icyo umuhinzi akora ni ugutegura urubuga rw’aho ibishyimbo bizakurira kugirango yizere umusaruro mwiza. Umuhinzi agomba kumenya neza ko umurima uteguwe neza, ko ibyatsi bibi byakuwemo, ko imbuto zarobanuwe neza kandi zatewe neza, ko bitewe aho imirasire y’izuba igera neza kandi ko bifite ifumbire ihagije. Uko imyaka ikura umuhinzi agomba gukomeza kuyitaho, ayibagarira ndetse akayimenera kugirango imyaka itamirwa n’ibyatsi. Ubunararibonye mfite kuri ibi ni uko nubwo umuhinzi ntako atakoze ngo afate neza imyaka hazagira mike itamera neza ariko imyinshi izazamuka neza kandi izatanga umusaruro mwiza kuko yahawe urubuga n’uburyo bwo gukuriramo. Ikigereranyo cya kabiri gifatiye kunzu yanjye muri Australia. Twari dufite inzu yubatswe ahantu kuburyo ntakintu cyari kiyikingirije. Byatumye ngomba gushaka ibiti bikura vuba mbitera kumuzenguruko wayo kugirango bizane igicucu kandi bikingirize inzu ibe ahiherereye. Nyamara kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kuba ubutaka bwaho ari ibumba nubwo ntacyo ntakoze ngo mbuvomerere, bwakomeje gukomera no kumagara. Icyakurikiyeho rero ni uko ibyo biti byakuze nabi nabi, ikigeretseho byatewe n’udukoko twinshi turabyangiza. Rimwe na rimwe nashyiragaho umuti wica udukoko, ndetse no guhora nsukira amazi ariko ntabwo byahinduye ikintu kininini mumikurire yibi biti. Nyuma y’imyaka mike, nabonye umwanya uhagije wo kuba mu rugo, hanyuma ndandura ibindi byatsi byose byari hafi n’ibyo biti, nshyiraho uburyo bw’ ubuhanga kuburyo amazi akomeza azamuka anetesha ubutaka, hanyuma nshaka ibyatsi nsasira aho hantu hose ngo hahorane ubuhehere. Icyakurikiye ni uko ibyo biti byatangiye gukura kuburyo budasanzwe kuburyo washobora kubibona n’amaso uko bukeye. Ikindi kintu cyabaye igitangaza ni uburyo zandwara zahoraga zibitera zose ntayongeye kubifata. Itandukaniro rero ni uko nari nashyizeho urubuga

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n’uburyo buhagije kugira ngo ibiti bikure kandi bigire imbaraga zo guhangana n’indwara zazanwaga n’udukoko. Ibi bishobora gukora no murwego rw’ubuyobozi. Ni Imana yaduhinduye kandi iduha n’imbaraga zituma tunesha ibyaha ariko twe nk’abayobozi tugomba gushyiraho uburyo buboneye butuma abantu bifuza gukura kandi Imana igashobora gukora umurimo wayo wo guhindura. Ndibuka ubwo najyaga mu ihugurwa ryerekeye gukura kw’itorero ngitangira umurimo wanjye w’ubushumba, aho umushumba wari wateguye iri hugurwa yavuze ati’’ ubukristo buroroshye kwigana kuruta cyane kubwigisha’’. Ibi bitubwira ko uburyo nyakuri bwo gutuma umuntu akura kurugero rwo gusa na Kristo ni ukumuzengurutsa urubuga rw’ubukristo bwiza aho abantu bakunda Imana, bakunda abantu kandi bagakunda ubuzima’’ naho bishingikiriza k’umurimo w’Umwuka Wera mukuzana impinduka. Iyo umuntu ashyizwe ahantu nkaha, byanga bikunda azabona ukuri ko kwizera kandi akure asa na Kristo. Ariko, ukore uko ushoboye ushyigikize ibi inyigisho nziza kugirango ibyo bahura nabyo bibe bifite urufatiro mu ijambo ry’Imana. Reka ntange ikigereranyo. Mu myaka myinshi ishize, umugabo yimukiye mumugi aho nari nyoboye itorero hanyuma atangira kuza gusenga. Yemeye by’ukuri ko yahoze ari nk’uruvu ; ahinduranya amabara kugirango ashobore kunogera aho ageze. Iyo yabaga ari kumwe n’abakristo yitwaraga nk’umukristo ariko yaba ari mu isi akitwara nk’ab’isi kandi n’ubwo yari yarabyawe ubwa kabiri ntabwo yitangiraga imirimo y’itorero. Natangiye kujya mutumira ku meza tugasangira tuganira kuby’ubukristo muri rusange. Ntashuri ryo gutoza abigishwa ba Kristo nigeze mushyiramo ndetse nta n’inyigisho ziteguye twigeze tugirana, twaricaraga gusa tukavugana iby’ubuzima. Nyuma y’igihe kigera kumwaka yabonye akazi muri wa mugi wa mbere aho yari yaraturutse hanyuma asubirayo asubira no mu itorero yahozemo mbere y’uko yimuka. Nyuma y’umwaka nahuriye n’umushumba w’itorero rye mu ihuriro ry’abashumba hanyuma ambaza ati’’ niki wakoreye naka (avuga izina rye) yarahindutse burundu, ni umuntu witanga kandi unezerewe cyane m’umurimo w’itorero biratangaje cyane ?’’ Niki cyatumye ibi bibaho ? Ni Umwuka Wera uduhindura ariko twe dutegura umurima aho abantu nkabo bashobora gukurira.

Gutegura urubuga rwa ‘kunda Imana, kunda abantu, kandi ukunde ubuzima’ Mbere y’uko mva kuri iyi ngingo yo gutegura urubuga rutuma umuntu ashaka gukura, reka ngaruke kuri ya nsanganyamatsiko ya ‘’ kunda Imana, kunda abantu, na kunda ubuzima.’’ Ndiyumvamo ko ubu buryo bw’ubukristo bukurura abantu kandi hamwe n’ubufasha bw’Umwuka Wera ni uburyo bwo gutegura ahantu abantu bakurira. Ndakeka ko abakristo benshi bakwihutira kwemeranya na ‘’kunda Imana na kunda abantu’’ ariko bamwe bashobora kugira ingorane kuri ‘’kunda ubuzima’’. Bashobora kujya impaka bati twahamagariwe kurwana urugamba rw’umwanzi kubw’ibyo ntakanya kaboneka ko kujya mubyo kwinezeza. Kwinezeza mvuga bitandukanye cyane n‘ukw’ab’isi babyumva nko kujya mu minsi mikuru kwineza unywa ugasinda. Oya, ibi sibyo mvuga, ndavuga ku bantu bishimira kuba bariho hanyuma bakishimira ibyo Imana yabahaye. Reka ntange imirongo itatu yo mubyanditswe byera kubwo gusobanura ibyo mvuga.

Abagalatiya 5:22-23, “ariko rero imbuto z’Umwuka ni urukundo n’ibyishimo n’amahoro, no kwihangana no kugira neza, n’ingeso nziza no gukiranuka, 23 no kugwa neza no kwirinda. Ibimeze bityo ntamategeko abihana.” Biranejeje kwerekana ko umuntu wera imbuto z’Umwuka azagira ibyishimo, ntabwo bazaba abantu bagenda biganyira kuby’ubu buzima bavuga uburyo ibintu bikomeye kandi ko tugomba guhangana nabyo kugeza k’ukugaruka kwa kabiri kwa Yesu. Hoya! Ibyishimo, urukundo rw’ubuzima ni kimwe mubiranga umuntu uyoborwa n’Umwuka.

Nehemiya 8:9-10 havuga ngo, Nehemiya ari we Umutirushata, na Ezira umutambyi n’umwanditsi n’Abalewi bigishaga abantu, babwira bantu bose bati ‘’ Uyu munsi ni umunsi werejwe Uwiteka Imana yanyu, ntimubabare ntimurire,’’ kuko abantu bose bariraga uko bumvaga amagambo yo mu mategeko. Maze arababwira ati ‘’Nimugende murye inyama z’ibinure munywe ibiryohereye, mwoherereze amafunguro abadafite icyo bahishiwe kuko uyu munsi ari umunsi werejwe Uwiteka wacu, kandi ntimugire agahinda kuko kwishimana Uwiteka ari zo ntege zanyu.’’ Reba neza ko uko abantu bumvaga amategeko niko baremererwaga n’ubwinshi bw’ibyaha byabo hanyuma batangira kurira. Ubwo Nehemiya n’abandi bayobozi

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babonaga ko by’ukuri abantu bari kwicuza ibyaha byabo, babujije abantu gukomeza kurira ahubwo ko barushaho kwishima barya ibyo kurya kandi banywa ibinyobwa birusha ibindi kuryoha. Iki nicyo gihe hazamutse uyu murongo ukoreshwa cyane uvuga ngo “ibyishimo by’UWITEKA ni imbaraga zawe.”

Nakuze mfite imyumvire itari myiza ko niba umunsi waba werejwe Uwiteka ko kuri uwo munsi abantu bakwiye kwifata mu magambo ndetse ntibagire ikintu nakimwe cyo kwinezeza bawukoraho. Nyamara siko biri, ahubwo mugihe habayeho kwihana ibyaha byacu, ni igihe cyiza gikwiye cyo kunezererwa ibyo Imana yaduhaye byose. Nk’urugero jye nkunda kunywa ikawa, ibyo kurya biteguye neza, no kujya kureba umupira w’amaguru. Ibi mbibona nka kimwe mu mpano z’Imana ndetse n’igice cy’umugisha yasutse mubugingo bwanjye. Ibuka ko Nehemiya yabwiye abantu ko bagomba kwoherereza bimwe kuri ibyo byo kurya no kunywa abandi babikennye. Iri ni ihame rikomeye kandi ry’ingenzi ritandukanye nibyo akenshi tubona cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere aho abantu ari ba nyamwigendaho aho usanga abafite ibibasagutse batigera bibuka abatagira na busa.

1 Timoteyo 6:17, Wihanangirize abatunzi bo muby’iki gihe, kugira ngo be kwibona cyangwa kwiringira ubutunzi butari ubwo kwizigirwa, ahubwo biringire Imana iduha byose itimana ngo tubinezererwe. Uyu murongo utubwira ko Imana iduha nk’uko ubutunzi bwayo buri ngo tubinezerwe. Tugomba rero kunezererwa ubuzima. Imana yaduhaye ibyo byose kugirango tubinezererwe.

Ariko kandi uku kunezererwa ubuzima ni ingaruka z’ukwicuza no kwihana bijyanye no gukorera Imana mukuri, mbese ibi nibyo biza mbere yo kwinezeza. Nitwashyira ibyo kwinezeza imbere yo kwihana no gukorera Imana bizatubera ibishuko n’umutego wo kurimbuka. Urugero: ntabwo nshobora kwigumira mu rugo sinjye k’urusengero ndi kureba umupira w’amaguru kuri televiziyo naho waba ari umukino wa nyuma w’igikombe cy’isi! Ndamutse mbikoze byaba bihinduye gahunda ya “kunda Imana, kunda abantu, kunda ubuzima!” Byaba bibaye “kunda ubuzima, kunda Imana, kunda abantu”. Ibi ntabwo bizana umunezero wuzuye kandi wigihe kirekire.

Ntabwo nashoboye kureba umukino wanyuma wigikombe cy’isi cy’umupira w’amaguru wabereye muri Afurika y’Epfo muri 2010 kubera impamvu zitandukanye ariko, igihe nari i Mauritius aho twari duhagaze ndi murugendo njya i Kigali kubw’umurimo w’Imana, nashoboye kujya mucyumba cyanjye nyuma ya saa sita hanyuma mfungura televiziyo, ntungurwa kandi ntangazwa ndetse nishimira ko bari bagiye kwongera kwerekana uko uwo mukino wagenze. Ibihe byanjye byabaye byiza cyane muri icyo cyumba ndeba uwo mupira ntari narabonye igihe wabaga, Imana ni nziza pe!

Umuyobozi yizengurutsa itsinda ryiza ry’abantu bakorana

Nigeze mvuga haruguru ko hari abashumba bamwe baterwa ubwoba n’abantu bari munsi yabo ariko bafite impano cyangwa ubumenyi bagatangira kubakandamiza. Ingaruka zibi ni uko abo bantu babona bakandamijwe bakabona ntaho bazamenera bagahitamo gusohoka muri iryo torero bakajya ahandi. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishibora gutuma abayobozi bakora gutya ariko imwe muri zo ni ubwoba ko niba ataribo bagaragara neza muri buri kintu cyose abantu batazabakurikira. Niba hari umuntu ufite impano y’ubuhanuzi gusumba umushumba cyangwa niba hari uyobora amateraniro yo kuramya Imana kurusha umushumba cyangwa ubwiriza neza kurusha umushumba, umushumba agira ubwoba ko ububasha bwe buri mu ngorane ko abantu batazakomeza kumukurikira. Iyi mitekerereze irasenya kuko atariko bimeze ahubwo akenshi ni ikinyuranyo k’ibi, umuyobozi mwiza yiyegereza buri gihe abantu bakomeye. Reka ntange urugero ku gihugu kiyoborwa n’umuperezida nko mu Rwanda. Uwo muperezida agomba kwiyegereza abantu benshi kandi bashoboye, abantu bafite ubumenyi n’ubunararibonye butandukanye kurusha ubwo we afite. Nta muntu n’umwe watekereza ko umukuru w’igihugu agomba kuba ariwe ufite amashuri y’ikirenga gusumba abandi bose bari mu gihugu, nta nubwo

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bamusaba ko agomba kuba arusha abandi bose iby’ubumenyi muby’ubuzima, uburezi, ubukungu cyangwa ikoranabuhanga. Ntabwo abantu biheba cyangwa ngo bareke kumukurikira iyo hari undi muntu mugihugu ufite impamyabushobozi za kaminuza nyinshi, cyangwa iyo hari undi mugihugu uzi ikoranabuhanga cyane gusumba umukuru w’igihugu. Icyo abantu bategereza kuri uwo mukuru w’igihugu ni ukwigwizaho abantu bafite ubwo bumenyi n’ubuhanga butandukanye kugirango ashobore kugeza abenegihugu ahantu hashya kandi heza kurushaho. Iki nicyo abaturage bashaka m’umukuru w’igihugu. Ikigeretse kuri ibi bashaka ko umukuru w’igihugu agira iyerekwa (vision) ry’igihugu kandi agashobora guhindura iryo yerekwa rikaba impamo, maze imvugo ikaba ingiro. Bashaka ko aha abantu bari munsi y’ububasha bwe ubushobozi kugirango igihugu cyose kigere kumigambi isumba iyo batashoboraga kugeraho mbere. Iki nicyo umuyobozi mwiza akora kandi ntashobora kubigeraho niba yagerageza kubikora wenyine cyangwa agacinyiza abantu bamukikije babahanga kumusumbya. Umuyobozi mwiza ni uwikikiza itsinda ry’abantu bashoboye kandi b’abahanga bituma bageza abo bayoboye ahantu hashya kandi heza kurusha aho bari bari. Ntabwo bitangaje ko Tony Blair, wari minisitiri w’intebe w’Ubwongereza kuva mu 1997 kugeza 2007 yanditse ngo …”ikintu gikomeye cy’ubupfura kindanga ni uko ndaterwa umususu no kugira abantu bakomeye iruhande rwanjye.”2 1.3 Abayobozi barakuzwa kimwe n’uko babivukana Mumyaka ishize umuhungu wanjye mukuru yatumiwe mu ihugurwa ry’Abayobozi b’urubyiruko ryateguwe n’umuryango utari uwagikristo bazamuye igitekerezo ko umuntu avukana impano y’ubuyobozi atari uko ntibishoboka kuba umuyobozi mwiza. Niba waravutse nk’umuyobozi, - kandi abo bose batumiwe babwiwe ko impamvu batumiwe ari uko bagaragaje ibiranga ubuyobozi, - ugomba kwiga ubuhanga butuma ushimangira impano y’ubuyobozi wavukanye. Niba utaravukanye iyo mpano y’ubuyobozi, bavugaga bati ntacyo by’ukuri twagukorera ngo uhinduke we. Mbese ibi ni ukuri? Jye nageze kumwanzuro uvuga ko atari ukuri. Ntagushidikanya ko hariho abantu bamwe bavukanye impano y’ubuyobozi, bene abo bashobora no gutangira kuyobora bakiri bato. Uzasanga batorerwa kuyobora ishuri nk’umukuru w’abanyeshuri, uhagarariye ikipe y’umukino bakiri bato. Ariko kandi hamwe nibyo nemera ko umuntu wifuza ubuyobozi yakwitoza kuba we mugihe runaka akazaba we. Nkunda cyane ibyo John Maxwell yanditse aho avuga ati: “ubuyobozi burakuzwa, ntabwo buhishurwa cyangwa gutahurwa. Abavukanye ubuyobozi by’ukuri buri gihe bazaboneka ariko guhora ku isonga y’ubuyobozi bwiza impano za kavukire z’ubuyobozi zigomba gukuzwa. Mugukorana n’ibihumbi by’abantu bifuza kuba abayobozi, naje gutahura ko bose bashobora gushyirwa muri kimwe mu byiciro cyangwa intera z’ubuyobozi”. Yakomeje rero asobanura izo ntera z’ubuyobozi arizo:3

Umuyobozi uyobora. Uyu ni umuntu wavukanye impano y’ubuyobozi ariko akaba agerageza gukuza ubuhanga bwe bwo kuyobora kugira ngo azabe umuyobozi ukomeye.

Umuyobozi wize. Ni umuntu utaravukanye impano y’ubuyobozi ariko yabanye n’abafite ubuyobozi bwiza nawe afata ingamba zo kuzavamo umuyobozi mwiza ukomeye.

Umuyobozi utabonwa. Ni umuntu ufite ubuyobozi muri we ariko ntarabona uburyo impano ye iseseka. Asa n’umuyobozi wize ariko we ntabwo impano ye y’ubuyobozi iraseruka ngo abantu bayibone.

Umuyobozi uzitiwe. Ni umuntu wifuza ubuyobozi ariko ntamahirwe yagize yo kubana cyangwa kubona ubuyobozi bwiza cyangwa gutorezwa ubuyobozi.

Maxwell asubiramo kenshi ko ibikenewe byose biranga ubuyobozi byaboneka niba ufite ubushake bwo kuba umuyobozi. Ntabwo byarangiye ko utaba umuyobozi ngo ni uko utavukanye ubwo bushobozi. Ibikenewe bitatu:

2 Blair, A Journey, 114

3 Maxwell, Developing the Leader within You, Introduction

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Kubana n’umuyobozi mwiza

Kwiga ibyo washobora byose kubuyobozi bwiza

Gukuza muri wowe gahunda n’imico yose ituma uba umuyobozi mwiza Jye ndibona mugice cy’abayobozi babyize kuko sinavukanye impano z’ubuyobozi cyangwa ngo mbe narigeze kurangwaho ibiranga umuyobozi mugihe cyubuto bwanjye ndi mu mashuri. Nari umuntu utagira icyo yageraho muri iyo myaka yose ariko byose byahindutse ubwo jye n’umugore wanjye twimukiraga muri Canada nyuma gato y’uko twubakanye. Twagiye kuba ahantu twashoboraga kubona imikorere y’abayobozi b’itorero, ab’umudugudu kurwego rw’igihugu n’abamashyirahamwe. Ibi hamwe no kuzamurwa muntera byakorwaga mu mirimo yo mu isi byatumye tugira umusaruro ukomeye mu murimo wacu mu itorero muburyo burenze kure ibyo twembi twari twaraciyemo mbere. Twumvise umuhamagaro wo gukorera Imana muburyo bw’igihe cyose maze dusiga itorero muri Canada tujya mu ishuri rya Bibiliya m’Ubudage hanyuma tugaruka muri Australia aho narangirije amashuri yanjye y’ibya tewologiya. Rero imyaka namaze m’ubuyobozi bw’itorero yanyeretse ko bishoboka gukuza impano y’ubuyobozi muri wowe naho utaba warayivukanye. Impamvu nigisha abashumba ‘Ubuyobozi’ nuko nizera ko ari iby’ingenzi gukuza aha hantu niba dushaka kugera kubyo Imana yaduteguriye byose. Mugihe nari mu ishuri twamaraga umwanya munini tujya impaka kubya tewologiya ugasanga byinshi ntaninyungu byari bifite, nyamara ntamwanya uhagije twagize wo gukuza cyangwa kujya impaka z’iby’ubuyobozi bwiza. Twategurirwaga kuzavamo abayobozi b’amatorero nyamara ntamahirwe twagize yo kwiga no kunonosora iby’ubuyobozi tukiri mu ishuri. Imana yari yaramaze kudutoraniriza kuzaba abayobozi ariko twari tutaragahishurirwa akamaro ko kwiga iki cyigisho cy’ubuyobozi. Mbese wowe uri he muri ziriya ntera z’ubuyobozi za Maxwell? Mbese wibona nk’umuyobozi wabuvukanye? Niba ariko biri komeza guteza imbere iyo mpano Imana yaguhaye kuvukana. Niba wibona nk’umuyobozi wabwize cyangwa nk’umuyobozi utabonwa (butarasobanuka) koresha uko ushoboye gukomeza gukuza imico nagahunda z’ubuyobozi bizatuma uhinduka umuyobozi nyakuri ukomeye. Niba uri umuyobozi uzitiwe utabyiyumvamo gerageza gukuza muri wowe icyifuzo cyo kuba umuyobozi, uteze imbere ubwo bushake bwo kuba uwo Imana ishaka ko uba we. Igira kubandi bayobozi beza bari hafi yawe, tangira kandi uge ujya mu mahugurwa yose y’ubuyobozi bwiza. Ntusuzuguze umurimo Imana yaguhaye wanga guteza imbere no gukuza ubuyobozi bwawe. 1.4 Iteze imbere ubwawe Tumaze gusoma ibyo biri haruguru turabona ko icy’ingenzi m’ubuyobozi ari ukwiteza imbere m’ubuyobozi. Ni iby’igiciro nakamaro kanini kumenya amabwiriza n’amahame y’ubuyobozi ariko uzagwira cyangwa uzamukire kucyo uricyo. Niba witeguye kuba umuyobozi Imana ishaka ko ubawe ni ukuvuga ko icy’ibanze kuri wowe ari ukwiteza imbere ukuza ubuyobozi bwawe cyangwa tuvuge ko ari ugukorana n’Imana muri urwo rugendo rwo kwikuza m’ubuyobozi. Ugomba gukura nk’umuntu ushaka kuvamo umuyobozi mwiza. Ubuyobozi ni ugutera abandi bantu kugukurikira kandi abantu bazakurikira umuntu usobanutse, umuntu ufite iyerekwa risobanutse kandi afite ubushobozi bwo kugera kuntego ze. Nelson Mandela ni umwe mubayobozi bakomeye bo ku isi bo mu kinyejana cya 20 ni urugero rwiza rw’uku kuri. Nizerako hari ibice bine by’ingenzi dukeneye gukuza ibyo ni:

Ubushobozi kavukire. Urugero, niba uri umubwirizabutumwa nuko kuza ubushobozi bwawe wiga uburyo batondeka neza ikibwiriza muburyo butuma abantu basobanukirwa neza ibyo uvuga. Iga uburyo bwo kuvugana n’abantu, iga uburyo bwo gutuma abantu bagukurikira batarangara, iga kandi uburyo bwo kurangiza neza ikibwiriza cyawe. Aya mabwiriza areba umushumba cyo kimwe n’abayobozi abo aribo bose naho baba abapolitike bashaka kumvikanisha ubutumwa bwabo ku bantu. Niba uri mu mwanya w’ubuyobozi koresha ibishoboka byose wige amahame y’ubuyobozi n’ibindi bishoboka byose bijyana nabwo.

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Ndi umuntu wemera kwigira kubandi, ngerageza kubaza ibibazo bisobanutse bimfasha kwiga kandi ngakura. Ntabwo ngerageza kwiyerekana nk’umuntu uzi byose mpora iteka nshaka kwiga. Mbere y’uko mba umushumba nari umuyobozi mukuru w’ishami rishinzwe iby’amashanyarazi mu ishyirahamwe nakoreraga. Hanyuma ndibuka ubwo najyaga mumahugurwa yari agamije gutangiza ubundi buhanga bushya muby’amashanyarazi. Ndibuka rwose inyandiko yari imanitse k’urukuta imbere mucyumba twakoreragamo amahugurwa, ivuga ngo “Umuntu ubaza ikibazo yashobora kugaragara nk’umupfapfa muminota itanu nyamara utabaza ikibazo aguma ari umupfapfa iminsi yo kubaho kwe yose.” Mbega ukuntu ari ukuri! Mugihe natangira iby’ubushumba nabazaga abandi bashumba bakuru bo muyandi matorero mbona akura nkababaza icyo bakora ngo bigende gutyo aho nashobora kugira amahirwe yo guhura nabo aho ariho hose. Nabonye kenshi ko abo bashumba bagira ubushake bukomeye bwo kunyumva no kunsubiza. Nugira amahirwe yo guhura n’umuyobozi uzi ko akomeye ntugashake guta umwanya wawe ugaragaza ko nawe ukomeye ahubwo koresha uwo mwanya ubaza ibibazo by’ingirakamaro byagufasha m’ubuyobozi bwawe. Nugerageza kwiyerekana nk’umuhanga bazagutahura vuba ko utazi byinshi nkuko utekereza ko ubizi cyangwa ubishoboye. Ariko niwabaza ibibazo byumvikana bigamije kugufasha, bazarushaho guterwa umwete n’ubushake bwawe bwo kurushaho kwiga no kubaza ibibazo.

Impano no gusigwa muburyo bw’Umwuka. Aha nderekeza k’ugusigwa m’uburyo bw’Umwuka Wera n’impano z’Umwuka bigendana. Umuntu ashobora kuba azi kuvuga neza hanze aha ariko niba adasizwe amavuta y’Umwuka ikibwiriza cye naho cyaba giteguye neza ntamusaruro kizagira.

Iyo dusomye mu Isezerano Rishya tubona uburyo ibimenyetso n’ibitangaza byagize akamaro gakomeye cyane mugutuma itorero rikura. Paulo murwandiko yandikiye Abaroma 15:18-19 avuga ati: ”Sinzatinyuka kugira icyo mvuga, keretse icyo nakoreshejwe na Kristo ngo abanyamahanga bumvire Imana; yampaye amagambo n’imirimo, n’imbaraga n’ibimenyetso bikomeye, n’ibitangaza n’imbaraga z’ibimenyetso bikomeye n’ibitangaza n’imbaraga z’Umwuka Wera. Ibyo byatumye nsohoza ubutumwa bwiza bwa Kristo, uhere i Yerusalemu ukazenguruka ukagera muri Iluriko.” Ivugabutumwa ryabayeho mu itorero rya mbere mu bice bya mbere by’igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa ryabaga rishorewe n’ibimenyetso bikomeye n’ibitangaza. Ikibwiriza cya Petero k’umunsi wa Pentekote ntabwo yari yagiteguye ahubwo cyakabuwe n’uko abantu barimo kuvuga mu ndimi n’abandi batangajwe n’ibyo bari kumva. Ibi bisa n’ibyabaye igihe Petero na Yohana bakizaga ikirema ku irembo ryitwa Ryiza; abantu benshi baje biruka kureba ibyari bibaye hanyuma biha Petero umwanya wo kubabwiriza.

Umwifato n’imyitwarire. Ibi bijyana no kwirinda ingeso mbi z’ubuhehesi, kutagwa mu mutego w’umururumba, kuba inyangamugayo, kimwe no kwirinda ibindi bikorwa n’ingeso bigayitse bibarwa nk’ibyaha. Nizerako ibi byumvikana atari ngombwa ko mbisesengura cyane n’ubwo ikibabaje usanga kenshi aribyo bikururira abashumba benshi ingorane n’ibibazo mu murimo wabo. Ubusambanyi no gukoresha nabi ubutunzi bw’itorero ni ibyaha bibiri by’ingenzi akenshi bituma abashumba bagwa.

Reka mbabwire muri make uko natunganije iby’umurimo wanjye kubyerekeye iby’amafranga. Mugutangira nandikishije ishyirahamwe ryanjye muri leta ya Australia ni ukuvuga ko ricungwa kandi rikagendera kumabwiriza n’amategeko agenga amashyirahamwe. Amafranga yose nakira agenewe ishyirahamwe ajya kuri konti yihariye yaryo, - yitwa Leadership Development Ministries Incorporated- ntabwo na rimwe nahirahira kuyashyira kuri konti yanjye bwite. Ntabwo nshobora gusinya urupapuro rwa banki cyangwa ngo mbikuze amafranga kuri iyo konti jyenyine, ningombwa ko hasinyaho undi muntu wo muri komite udafitanye amasano nanjye. Mugihe cyo gukoresha amafranga twabikuje undi muntu wo muri komite nawe udafitanye amasano namwe nanjye asinya yemeza ibigomba kwishyurwa cyangwa kugurwa. Ntabwo byagaragara neza igihe ibigomba gusohora amafranga byaba byemezwa nabo dufitanye amasano. Muri buri rugendo, ngendana ikaye nto nkandika buri kintu cyose ntanzeho amafranga, iyo mpaye umuntu amafranga agomba kunsinyira urupapuro rwerekana umubare w’amafranga

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muhaye. Igihe cyose ngiye muri Afurika ngendana impapuro z’inyemezabwishyu (receipts) zitanditseho kugirango abantu mpaye amafranga bayasinyire. Umucungamutungo w’ishyirahamwe ryanjye agomba kuba atari umwe muri bene wacu abika impapuro zose zerekana uburyo amafranga yinjira n’uko asohoka. Raporo irambuye y’imikoreshereze y’amafranga y’ishyirahamwe itangwa mu nama nkuru iba rimwe mu mwaka kandi buri wese ahabwa kopi yiyo raporo. Nyuma y’iyo nama nkuru umunyamabanga ajyana iyo raporo muri leta kugirango bayigenzure kandi bayemeze. Imikoreshereze y’amafranga yose yo mu ishyirahamwe ryanjye ikorerwa muburyo buboneye kandi bw’umucyo kuburyo Satani atabona urwaho rwo gutuma habaho gukeka no kuvurunga byazanira ishyirahamwe ubuhamya bubi.

Kumenya kwicunga no kugira imico myiza. Ibi birimo kumenya kwiha gahunda no kugira imico myiza. Birimo gukora icyo wasezeranye gukora, gukoresha igihe neza, kuba umuntu uhagaze neza muri byose utari urucantege.

Gukoresha igihe neza ni ikintu k’ingenzi cyane niba ushaka kugera ku bintu byinshi kandi byiza nk’umuyobozi. Mu minsi ishize nasomye ikinyamakuru cy’ikompanyi y’indege y’u Rwanda – Rwandair Express- yerekeye Nelson Mandela. Bavugaga ko buri gihe yabyukaga saa kumi n’igice za mu gitondo (4:30 am) naho kumugoroba yaba yari yagize imirimo myinshi yatumye aryama akererewe. Bavugaga kandi ko atigeraga na rimwe atesha abantu umwanya bamutegereje kuko yiyumvagamo ko gukerereza abantu mufitanye gahunda ari nko kubatuka. Gukoresha neza igihe n’ikintu k’ingenzi k’umuyobozi. Kumenya kwicunga no kugira imico iboneye kandi birimo no kugira ubushobozi bwo kubona icyo gukora cyubaka muri buri gihe cyose uciyemo aho guhora ubona ibintu byose nk’ibibazo gusa. Reka mbahe urugero mfatiye ku mibereho ya John Wesley. Ubwo yajyaga i Newcastle kubwiriza yatewe ingorane n’abasinzi, bamurwanya bamuvumagura, nyamara igisubizo cye ntabwo cyari icy’ubwihebe ahubwo yari yishimye. Yaravuze ati “Imana ishimwe, kuko uyu mugi witeguye kugira ububyutse”. Amateka yerekana ko ibyo yavugaga byari ukuri ariko yagomba kuba umuntu ubona kure akabona ko uwo mugi wari ukeneye ubutumwa bwiza aho kurengerwa n’ibibazo n’ingorane yaratewe n’abamurwanyaga. Twavuze haruguru ko kimwe mubiranga umuyobozi mwiza, yaba uwabivukanye, yaba uwabyize ari ukwimenyereza imico myiza yo kwicunga ubwe. Ukumenya kwicunga no kurangwa n’imico myiza ni ikintu k’ingenzi k’umuyobozi ushaka kugera ku bintu bikomeye mu buzima. Hari ubwo namaze icyumweru cyose i Busia muri Kenya hanyuma ngenda nanyuze incuro ebyiri kumashuri abanza yitwa Busia Airstrip Primary School, natangajwe cyane n’insanganyamatsiko ngenderwaho y’iryo shuri ivuga ngo “Gutoza ikinyabupfura abanyeshuri bacu tubamenyereza kuzigirira akamaro mumibereho yabo.” Nta numwe waba umuyobozi ugera ku ntego mugihe adafite uburere bwiza, gerageza gukuza iyi gahunda muri wowe. Twigeze tuvuga kubyerekeye ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Itorero ry’Ababatisita m’ Ubwongereza, aho basanze amatorero akura cyane ari ayari afite abashumba bafite impano y’ubuyobozi – aha numva ko bari abantu bagira gahunda bazi gutondeka ibintu neza no kubishyira mu bikorwa cyangwa bafite iyerekwa risobanutse kandi bakamenya uburyo bwo kurisohoza. Kubwanjye ibyo bintu bibiri – ubuyobozi n’iyerekwa- nabishyira mugice cyo kumenya kwicunga no kugira imico n’ingeso nziza.

Uko ibyo uyoboye byaguka niko nawe ugomba gukuza ibikuranga nk’umuyobozi. Dufate urugero rukurikira, kugirango intebe ikozwe mu mbaho ifate ibiro byanjye igomba kuba ifite amaguru ane akomeye ateranije neza. Niba abiri yaba akomeye andi abiri adakomeye igihe nayicaraho yahirima nkagwa hasi. Yewe naho yaba ifite amaguru atatu akomeye kumwe kudakomeye ntabwo izafata neza ibiro byanjye, hakenewe ko amaguru yose ane aba akomeye kandi ateranijwe neza kugirango nicare numva ntampungenge mfite zo guhirima. Ariko rero, niba twakoresha iyo ntebe kurambikaho igitabo igihe nicaye ahandi, nibazako naho yaba intebe y’ukuguru kumwe kudakomeye birashoboka ko yashobora kwihanganira uburemere bw’igitabo. Ariko niba nakenera ko iyo ntebe ishyirwaho ibiro 1000 aho kuba ibiro 80, bizasaba ko iyo ntebe yongererwa

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ubushobozi amaguru yose agakomera kandi agateranywa neza kugirango yihanganire uburemere bwiyongereye. Iri hame rirakora no mu buyobozi. Niba ufite ubushobozi bukomeye wavukanye, ukaba usizwe amavuta y’Umwuka kandi ukaba ufite imiterere myiza ariko ukaba utazi kwicunga ni ukuvuga ko wayobora ibintu bito. Abantu ntibazita k’ukuntu ukunda gukererwa mu nama cyangwa ukuntu ukunda kwibagirwa gukora ibyo wavuze ko ukwiye gukora kubera ko bakubona nk’umuntu w’Imana ufite impano kandi usizwe amavuta y’Umwuka. Ariko uko umurimo waguka bizageraho bigende nabi kubera iyo miterere yawe. Nzi abantu batari bake batagize icyo bageraho mu murimo kubera ko bari abanyantege nke mumitere yabo cyangwa kuko bari abantu batazi kwicunga no kwigenzura. Ikinyuranyo kibi nacyo kirashoboka, abantu bashobora kuba bazi kwifata bafite n’imiterere myiza ariko bakabura impano n’imwe muzerekana ubuyobozi bwiza. Bene abo bashobora kuyobora k’urugero ruto kuko muri kamere yabo ari abantu beza ariko ni gake bazatera imbere kuyobora imirimo yagutse kuko ntabushobozi babifitiye. Uko umurimo wawe ugenda waguka niko nawe ukwiye kurushaho gukuza imiterere, ubushobozi, impano z’Umwuka, umwifato, no kwicunga neza kugirango buri kuguru kose kugire imbaraga zo kwikorera umutwaro uremereye w’umurimo. Ibyakoreshejwe kugirango uyobore itsinda rito bigende neza bikeneye gukuzwa ngo uyobore itorero rito hanyuma ibyagufashije ngo uyobore neza itorero rito bikeneye gukuzwa gugirango ubashe kuyobora itorero rinini cyangwa amatorero menshi. Abashumba bo mu matorero yo mubyaro muri Afurika akenshi bavuga ko bitaborohera kuzana abakire mu matorero yabo kuko abasanzwe mu itorero ari abakene n’umushumba wabo ubwe akaba umukene. (Iyo bavuga abakire baba bavuga abantu bafite ubushobozi bw’amafranga bwo kwibeshaho abo muby’ukuri twakwita ko bari mugice cyo hagati mu bihugu byateye imbere). Igisubizo ntanga kuri izo mpungenge zabo ni ukubatera umwete wo kwiteza imbere ubwabo. Muri Australia no mu bihugu by’uburengerazuba bw’isi muri rusange ntabwo ntekereza ko abantu benshi batekereza ko umushumba akwiye kuba umukire ahubwo bakwibaza ko hariho ibintu bitagenda neza niba umushumba akomeza kugenda agwiza ubutunzi. Gusa abakire akenshi bagera k’ubutunzi kubera ko ari abantu bafite ingabire n’ubushobozi bwa kavukire bifatanije no kumenya kwitwara neza ndetse no kugira imiterere myiza. Abo muri ibyo bihugu byateye imbere umushumba bakeneye ni uwo bumva bakubaha. Bashaka umushumba wakujije ubushobozi bwe, ufite amavuta y’Umwuka mu buzima bwe, kandi akaba umuntu wihesha agaciro nimigendere myiza. Ntabwo bashimishwa n’umushumba udafite ubushobozi bwo kuyobora aho kuguma muri iryo torero bazavamo bishakire irindi. Reka ntange urugero rwibyo kubihereranye nanjye ubwanjye. Igihe nari nyoboye itorero natangazwaga cyane no kubona uburyo abantu bafite impamyabushobozi z’amashuri y’ikirenga baza mu rusengero nyoboye nubwo batari basanzwe ari abayoboke b’itorero nari nyoboye. Nashimishijwe cyane no kumva ibyo bavugaga kubyerekeye ibibwiriza byanjye n’ubuyobozi bwanjye nubwo jye nari mfite impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza gusa. Nibaza ko icyabiteye ari uko nari narafashe umugambi wo kwiteza imbere nikuza mu buyobozi bwanjye nkirangiza ishuri rya tewologiya. Nashakaga gukura hanyuma niha ingamba zo gusoma no kwiyigisha ibintu byose bijyanye n’ubuyobozi. Nibazako icyo byabyaye kigaragaza ibwacyo. Nzi neza ko muri Afurika ndetse no mu bindi bice by’isi, abantu basa naho batewe impungenge n’uko bahagaze, kurenza abo muri Australia. Nizera ko ari ikibazo amatorero yo muri Afurika yarakwiriye kwitaho. Nyamara, niba umushumba yiyunguye intera mubushobozi bwe nibwo buryo azashobora gukurura abantu bari kuyindi ntera yisumbuye mu itorero rye, bishatse kuvuga ko n’ibyinjira mu itorero bizahazamukira. Muri ubwo buryo itorero rizakura kandi rizarushaho kureshya abantu babatunzi ryari rikeneye ariko ritibagiwe abakene nabo. Urufunguzo rwa byose ni umuyobozi. Bashumba ni mwiyubake muzamura imigenderanire yanyu n’Imana.

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1.5 Ba wowe ubwawe Imana yaguhaye imiterere yihariye hamwe n’impano z’Uwwuka z’uburyo bunyuranye itegereje ko ubikoresha kubw’icyubahiro cyayo. Dusabwa gukuza no guteza imbere ibyo dufite tugahinduka abantu Imana ishaka ko tubabo aho kugerageza kwigira nk’abandi bantu. Nibyo, dushobora kwigira kubandi hanyuma tugafata ibyo twibaza ko ari ingirakamaro kuri twe ariko tugomba kwihatira kuba abo Imana yaturemeye kuba bo aho kwigana abandi bantu tugahinduka nkabo. Ndibuka uburyo nakiranye n’ibi bintu imyaka myinshi ishize. Nahoze nkorera umurimo muri Afurika yo hagati n’iy’iburasirazuba mumyaka mike igihe natumirwaga kwigisha mu ihuriro rimwe i Kampala muri Uganda hamwe n’abandi bo kurwego mpuzamahanga bavuye muri Afurika y’Epfo no muri Leta z’Unze Ubumwe z’ Amerika, ndibuka uburyo nibajije icyo nshobora gukora. Niyumvisemo ko rwose nkwiriye guhindura uko nari nateguye nkiyerekana nka Benny Hinn kuko nari narabonye imirimo ye kuri televiziyo. Hanyuma nibwo naje gutahura ko Imana yampaye imiterere yanjye yihariye na zimwe mungabire n’impano z’Umwuka zisobanutse kandi ko kugerageza kwigira undi muntu byaba ari igitutsi ku Mana kuko nari kuba ndi kuyibwira ko yihenze igakora ikosa ryo kundema uko ndi ahubwo ko nifuza kuba nka runaka wundi mbere y’uko inkoresha. Ba wowe ubwabwe. Yego, igira ibishoboka byose kubandi ariko ntibiguhindure uko utari ahubwo koresha ibyo Imana yaguhaye. Iki gitekerezo cyo kuba uwo uriwe ntiwigane abandi kivuga ko ufite uburyo bwawe bw’ubuyobozi bwihariye Imana yaguhaye. Uburyo bwacu bw’ubuyobozi buterwa kenshi n’uko dusanzwe duteye. Nyamara ariko iyo nsomye muri Bibiliya mbona ko Imana yakoresheje abantu bafite imiterere y’uburyo bwose. Mose wari ufite imiterere yihariye igaragaza umubabaro vuba yabaye umuyobozi ntagereranywa mu Isezerano rya Kera ryose, mugihe Petero wari ufite kamere yo kwihuta mu bintu yabaye umuyobozi ukomeye mugihe cy’itorero rya mbere. Aburahamu wari ufite imiterere yo guca bugufi n’ubwitonzi, na Paulo wari ufite imiterere irakara vuba babaye abayobozi bakomeye bagize impinduka ikomeye ku mateka y’urungano rwabakurikiye. Imiterere y’abantu uko itandukanye niko buri yose igira ibyiza n’ibibi byayo. Ariko kugira imiterere iyi cyangwa iriya ntabwo bigukura kurutonde rw’abo Imana ishobora gukoresha ibikomeye. Nyamara, kugerageza kwigana undi muntu ufite imiterere n’ingabire zitandukanye n’ibyawe ni umutego wo kugwa mu ngorane zagahoma munwa. Icyo dusabwa gukora ni ugukoresha n’imbaraga zose ibyiza biri mu miterere Imana yaduhaye tukagerageza gukandamiza intege nke ziterwa n’uko duteye.

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Umutwe wa 2.

Ubuyobozi bw’Ubugaragu – Uburyo bwa Yesu.

2.1 Amagambo abanza Abakristo benshi bakwemera ko Yesu yaduhaye urugero rwiza rw’uburyo bwo kubaho imibereho ya gikristo ariko akenshi twirengagiza uburyo bw’ubuyobozi bwa Yesu. Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma abantu birengagiza imiyoborere ya Yesu ariko imwe ikomeye ni uko imiyoborere ye inyuranye kure n’imiyoborere tubona mu isi idukikije. Twagerageza kuvuga muncamake ko imiyoborere ya Yesu yari iyo gusohoza ubushake bwa Se Imana Data bwo gukorera aho gukorerwa. Uburyo bw’ubuyobozi bwa Yesu ni ubuyobozi bwo gukorera abandi aho kuba ubuyobozi bwo gushaka kugwiza imbaraga n’icyubahiro kugiti cyawe. Washobora gusoma imirongo ikurikira:

Mariko 10:45, “kuk’Umwana w’umuntu naw’ataje gukorerwa, ahubwo yaje gukorer’abandi, no gutangir’ubugingo bwe kub’inshungu ya benshi.”

Luka 22:27, “Umukuru n’uwuhe, n’uherezwa, cyangw’uhereza? S’uherezwa? Ariko jyewe ndi hagati yanyu, meze nk’uhereza.”

Yesu ntiyazanywe nta nubwo yashatse icyubahiro n’ubutware bw’isi. Yashyize ibyo byose kuruhande ahubwo agira kamere nkak’umugaragu w’imbata (Abafiripi 2:7). Niba ubu aribwo buryo Databuja yari abayeho natwe nk’abahungu n’abakobwa be twari dukwiriye kugera ikirenge mucye. 2.2 Wikwigira umwami w’abandi ahubwo bakorere Abantu bamwe barishuka bibwira ko ubuyobozi bukomeye buvuga kwigira umwami wabari iruhande rwawe, utanga amategeko kandi utegereza ko abantu bagukorera. Babona umwanya w’ubuyobozi nk’umwanya w’icyubahiro n’ubushobozi aho bahinduka abami hanyuma abari munsi yabo bose bagahinduka abagaragu babo. Babona abandi nkababereyeho kubakorera no kurushaho gukuza icyubahiro cyabo. Bagendagenda hirya no hino nk’abatware basumba abandi bakerekana umwifato uvuga ngo “nta nubwo ufite uburenganzira bwo kugira icyo uvugana nanjye keretse nguhaye uburenganzira”. Rimwe na rimwe nagiye numva abantu bavuga abandi ngo ni abayobozi bakomeye cyane ariko ubunararibonye bwanjye bwanyeretse ko abo bitwa abayobozi bakomeye cyane ari ahubwo abategeka n’abami baganza abantu aho kubakorera. Mugihe iyi miyoborere ari yo ngendo y’ab’isi ntabwo aribwo buryo bwa Yesu kandi sibwo buryo twari dukwiriye kwitwara. Zirikana uyu murongo ukurikira:

Luka 22: 24-27. Maze habyuka impaka muri bo, ngo ninde muri bo ukwiriye gutekerezwa ko ari we mukuru. Arababwira ati”Abami b’amahanga barabategeka, n’abafite ubutware bwo gutwara bitwa ba ruhekerababyeyi. Ariko mwebweho ntimukabe mutyo, ahubwo ukomeye muri mwe abe nk’uworoheje, n’utwara abe nk’uhereza. Umukuru ni uwuhe? Ni uherezwa cyangwa ni uhereza? Si uherezwa? Ariko jyewe ndi hagati yanyu meze nk’uhereza.

Ikindi gice gisa ni iki kiri muri Yohana 13:3-17 aho tubona Yesu ashyira inyigisho ze mubikorwa yoza abigishwa be ibirenge. Uyu murimo wafatwaga nk’umurimo w’amaboko ugayitse ukorwa ubusanzwe n’abagaragu. Umuntu wese wiyubashye aho atuye yagomba gufata umurimo nk’uyu nkugayishije udakwiye gukorwa n’umuntu wicyubahiro, ariko Yesu yarawukoze muburyo bwo gutanga urugero rw’ubuyobozi bwo muburyo bw’ubwami bw’Imana. Ndibuka ubwo najyaga guterana mu materaniro adasanzwe y’umugoroba mukigo cy’ i Millmead (Itorero ry’Ababatisita ry’i Guilford) mu Bwongereza aho Bwana Cliff Richard wari warigeze ateranira muri iryo torero yari yagarutse kuririmba. Mugihe abashyitsi bakirwaga imbere kuri karutali byagaragaye ko nta ntebe zikwiriye zari zihari hanyuma Cliff Richard asubira inyuma vuba azana intebe ngo

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n’abandi bicareho. Ntacyo byari bivuze gutekereza ngo “jye ndi umuntu wikirangirire kujya kwikorera intebe ngo abandi bicareho kwaba ari ukwisuzuguza” ahubwo yari afite umutima wo gukorera abandi nk’urugingo rumwe muzigize umubiri wa Kristo. Mugihe cy’umwaka wambere ndi mu ishuri rya tewologiya, itorero nateraniragamo ryampaye umurimo wo ku cyumweru mugitondo kugirango mbone amafranga yo kumfasha kuriha ibyo nakoreshaga. Ryari itorero rinini cyane rifite ishuri ry’abana b’incuke n’ikigo cy’amashuri y’abana bato n’ubwiherero bwinshi (W.C). Umurimo wanjye kwari kwoza urusengero n’ubwo bwiherero. Ibi byari isomo rikomeye kuri jye niba naragombaga kwigira kuburyo bw’imiyoborere ya Yesu y’ubugaragu. Ndibuka igitondo kimwe ndangije gukubura no guhanagura itapi y’imbere y’urwinjiriro, itsinda ry’abagabo bari bari gukora hanze aho, baraje binjira aho maze guhanagura bambaye ibirato byuzuye ibyondo ntacyo bitayeho. Ubu bwari uburyo bwo kwongera gukura mugusa na Kristo, kuko byansabye kwihangana no gusubira kwongera guhanagura.

Mariko 10:41-44: Ba bandi cumi babyumvise, batangira kurakarira Yakobo na Yohana. Yesu arabahamagara arababwira ati “Muzi yuko ababavugwa ko ari abatware b’amahanga bayatwaza igitugu, n’abakomeye bo muri yo bakayategeka. Ariko muri mwe si ko biri. Ahubwo ushaka kuba mukuru muri mwe ajye aba umugaragu wanyu, kandi ushaka kuba uw’imbere muri mwe ajye aba imbata ya bose. Izi nyigisho za Yesu zakurikiye ikifuzo cya Yohana na Yakobo cy’uko umwe muri bo yakwicara iburyo undi ibumoso bwe. Iyo yafatwaga nk’imyanya y’ubutware n’icyubahiro yo mu isi muri icyo gihe kandi byari biharawe ko abantu bo mugihe cya Yesu bifuzaga imyanya nk’iyo ibahesha kubahwa.

Yesu avuga ko ubukuru bwo mubwami bw’Imana butandukanye n’ubukuru bwo mu isi. Nta kibi kiri mugushaka kuba mukuru mubwami bw’Imana mugihe icyo ubishakira ari ikiza. Yesu rero yavuze ko niba ufite icyo kifuzo cyiza cyo kuba mukuru mubwami bw’Imana ubanza kuba mukuru mukuba umugaragu w’abandi. Nk’uko nabivuze mu intangiriro Yesu yaje ku isi gukora ugushaka kw’Imana Data mugukorera abandi aho gukorerwa. Iyo dusomye Isezerano Rishya tubona neza ko intumwa nazo zakomeje inyigisho zimwe nizi za Yesu. Reka twifashishije imirongo ikurikira:

Mu Abafilipi 2:5-8, Paulo avuga ko bikwiye ko tugira umutima nk’uwari muri Kristo hanyuma tugakorera abandi. Mugire wa mutima wari muri Kristo Yesu. Uwo nubwo yabanje kugira akamero k’Imana, ntiyatekereje ko guhwana n’Imana ari ikintu cyo kugundirwa, ahubwo yisiga ubusa ajyana akamero k’umugaragu w’imbata, agira ishusho y’umuntu, yicisha bugufi, araganduka ntiyanga no gupfa ndetse urupfu rwo k’umusaraba!

Abagaratiya 5:13. Bene Data, mwahamagariwe umudendezo, ariko umudendezo wanyu ntimukawugire urwitwazo rwo gukurikiza ibya kamere, ahubwo mukorerane mu rukundo.

1 Petero 4:10. Kandi nk’uko umuntu yahawe impano abe ariko muzigaburirana, nk’uko bikwiriye ibisonga byiza by’ubuntu bw’Imana by’uburyo bwinshi. Dukoresha kandi impano zacu mugukorera abandi atari muburyo bwo gushaka kwishyira hejuru no kwihimbaza. Iyo dusengeye umuntu agakira indwara ye cyangwa abadayimoni bakamuvamo ntanakimwe cyo kwirata tuba dufite. Ukwizera ubwako muburyo guteye, gukuraho ikintu cyose cyo kwiyemera no kwihimbaza. Reba Abaroma 3:27. None se twakwirata iki? Ntacyo.Ni ayahe mategeko yabitubujije? Ni ay’imirimo? Reka da! Ahubwo twabibujijwe n’amategeko yo kwizera. Ni Imana ibwayo yakijije umurwayi, ntabwo ari twe, icyo twakoze ni ugusaba Yesu kumukiza gusa.

1 Petero 5:1-3. Aya magambo ndayahuguza abakuru b’itorero bo muri mwe, kuko nanjye ndi umukuru mugenzi wanyu, n’umugaragu wo guhamya imibabaro ya Kristo kandi mfatanije namwe ubwiza buzahirwa. Muragire umukumbi w’Imana wo muri mwe mutawurinda nk’abahatwa, ahubwo muwurinde mubikunze nk’uko Imana ishaka atari ku bwo kwifuza indamu mbi, ahubwo kubw’umutima ukunze kandi mudasa n’abatwaza igitugu abo mwagabanirijwe, ahubwo mube ibyitegererezo by’umukumbi. Hano turongera kubona igitekerezo cy’umuyobozi w’itorero wita kubantu yashinzwe atari ukubabera umwami cyangwa umutware. Umuyobozi nk’uwo ikimusunika mugukorera abandi ineza y’ubwami bw’Imana si ukugwiza ubutunzi. Ahandi mubyanditswe Paulo atubwira ko umukozi akwiriye ibihembo, bisobanuye ko umushumba

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agomba gutegereza guhembwa n’itorero, ariko umushahara siwo ashyira imbere mugihe akorera Imana. Ntabwo akwiye gusunikwa n’umururumba w’ibintu.

Nsanga hano amagambo meza atera intege Petero yakomeje avuga kumurongo wa 6 ko niduca bugufi hanyuma tugakorera abandi kubw’ineza ya bose, Imana izadushyira hejuru. Nuko mwicishe bugufi muri munsi y’ukuboko gukomeye kw’Imana, kugirango ibashyire hejuru mugihe gikwiriye. Paulo yigisha amahame nkaya akayatangaho urugero kuri Yesu. Mu Abafilipi 2:9-11. Nicyo cyatumye Imana imushyira hejuru cyane ikamuha izina risumba ayandi mazina yose, 10 kugirango amavi yose apfukame mu izina rya Yesu Kristo, ari ay’ibyo mu ijuru, cyangwa ay’ibyo mu isi, cyangwa ay’ibyo munsi y’isi, 11 kandi indimi zose zihamye ko Yesu Kristo ari Uwiteka, ngo Imana Data wa twese ihimbazwe. Iri ni ihame ryo kwizera.

Ntekereza ko iki gitekerezo cy’uko umuntu akoresha umyanya w’ubuyobozi afite mugukorera abandi ni ikintu gikomereye abantu kugishyira mubikorwa cyane cyane iyo baturuka mumico aho gukandamizwa na ruswa byahawe intebe. Ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu n’ikintu gishya ugereranije nibyo bamenyereye. Ikandamizwa rijyana abantu mubuyobozi kwishakira icyubahiro no kurundanya amafranga aho gukoresha urwo rwego rw’ubuyobozi bahawe mugukorera ineza ya rubanda bashinzwe kuyobora. Sosiyete nk’iyi ntabwo itanga urubuga rwaho twabona uburyo bw’ubuyobozi bwa Yesu bw’ubugaragu, kandi ababa mubuyobozi bw’ubutegetsi bakeneye gufata umwanya uhagije wo gutekereza uko Yesu yabikoraga. 2.3 Gukorera abandi ntabwo bivuga ko tugomba kwemerera abantu bakadukandagira bakatugira agatebo kayora ivu Ntitwumve ko “kuyobora muburyo bw’ubugaragu” bisobanuye kureka abantu bakatujyana iyo bashaka cyangwa kubareka bakatugira agatebo kayora ivu, twemera buri gihe gukora ibyo bifuza gusa. Uku siko Yesu yakoraga kandi nta nubwo ariko dukwiriye gukora. Ibuka icyo twavuze kare, “Umurimo ukomeye w’umuyobozi ni ukujyana abantu uyoboye ahantu hashya kandi heza kurushaho.” Ntabwo twagera kuri ibi niba twemerera abandi bantu kutujyana iyo bishakiye. Imyaka yanjye mubuyobozi bw’itorero nabanye n’abanyetorero bumvaga ko ari umurimo wabo gutegeka ibikwiriye gukorwa mu itorero. Ibi bikunda kubaho kenshi mu matorero afite ubuyobozi bushingiye kubanyetorero (congregational model of church government). Hari abandi bagerageza kugira igikoresho umushumba mu nzira zinyuranye ariko bagamije kugera kunyungu zabo bwite. Yesu nta na rimwe yigeze yemera abantu kumushyiraho igitutu cyo gukora ibyo azi neza ko atari ibiboneye ndetse ntiyigeze yemera abantu ngo bamugire igikoresho cy’imigambi yabo. Ntabwo rero ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu bivuga ko twemerera abantu bateye batyo kugira urwaho mu itorero. Ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu busobanuye ko twitangiye gukora ibintu bibonereye itorero; kandi twiyemeje gukora kubw’ineza ya bose. Kwemerera abo badutegeka gukora ibyo bashaka cyangwa batugira ibikoresho kugira ijambo mu itorero si ugushakira ineza itorero rya Kristo muri rusange. 2.4 Ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu busobanuye ko dukora kuburyo twese twunguka Igitekerezo cyo gukora tugambiriye ko buri wese yunguka ni ikingenzi niba dushaka gukurikira urugero rwa Yesu kandi niba dushaka gukorera muri rya hame ry’ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu. Iyo mvuga ngo twese twunguke nshaka kuvuga ko wowe nk’umuyobozi ugira inyungu mubyemezo byafashwe n’abo uyoboye bakagiramo inyungu. Muri icyo gihe impande zombi zose ziba zungutse. Mu Abafilipi 2:1-14 Paulo ahugura itorero ry’i Filipi gukurikiza urugero rwa Yesu “wihinduye ubusa, agafata akamero k’umugaragu.” Ariko Paulo yemera cyane ihame rya nunguke/wunguke. Reba umurongo wa 4, “umuntu wese muri mwe areke kwizirikana ubwe gusa, ahubwo azirikane n’abandi.” Yavuze ko dukwiye gushaka inyungu zacu bwite ariko tukazirikana n’imibereho myiza y’abandi, aha rero ni ihame rya “nunguke/wunguke cyangwa “ndonke/uronke.” Mugitabo cyaguzwe cyane cya Stephen Covey cyitwa “The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People” (umuntu agenekereje kitwa “Imigenzo irindwi y’abantu babahizi mugushyika ku ntego”), avuga ko umwe mumigenzo (imico) y’abantu babahizi bagera kubyo biyemeje ni ukugira umuco wa nunguke/wunguke. Iri hame ryakora kubayobozi bakuru b’amashyirahamwe akomeye kimwe n’uko

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ryakora no k’umugabo n’umugore. Ntamuntu n’umwe wifuza kugira ibyo atakaza kubw’icyemezo cyafashwe n’abandi bantu, iyo bigenze gutyo bibyara ukutanyurwa kwa bamwe no guhora mungorane zurudaca. Ndibuka ikintu kimwe cyabayeho mu Ishuri rya Bibiliya jye n’umugore wanjye twarimo imyaka 30 ishize, kerekana neza akamaro ko kugira umuco wa nunguke/wunguke. Umwe mubayobozi b’ishuri yatunganyaga iradiyo ifata amajwi n’ibindi byuma bijyana nayo imbere yaho nari nicaye, hanyuma umwe mubanyeshuri baturukaga mugihugu kitavuga icyongereza nawe yafashe iradiyo ifata amajwi ayicomeka kuri bya byuma bya mwarimu kugirango nawe afate ibyo mwarimu yigisha azashobore kubisubiramo mugihe cye cy’ibiruhuko. Kubwanjye nabonaga ko bidashoboka ahubwo ko mwarimu ahita amubuza. Nyamara siko byagenze, ahubwo yabajije wamunyeshuri ngo “ushaka ko ngukorera iki?” By’ukuri yamuhaye igisubizo kidateye ipfunwe ibyo yarimo gukora. Byabaye nunguke nawe wunguke rwose, kuko ari mwarimu yageze kubyo yashakaga n’umunyeshuri nawe agera kucyo yashakaga ntakubangamirana kuhabaye. Ikindi gitekerezo ni nunguke/uhombe. Covey yaranditse ati, ”Muburyo bw’imiyoborere, nunguke/uhombe ni ubuyobozi bw’igitugu: ‘ndabona ibyo nshaka, wowe ubibure.’ Abantu ba nunguke/uhombe akenshi barangwa no gukoresha imyanya y’ubuyobozi, ubutware n’imbaraga n’ubutunzi bwabo kugera aho bashaka cyangwa kubona ibyo bashaka.5 Akaga ni uko abantu hafi ya bose bagiye banyura muri iyi nzira yo gutekereza gusa kubuzima bwabo. Abayobozi bakorera muri ubu buryo bw’ubuyobozi bwa nunguke/uhombe akenshi bisanga abantu bari munsi y’ubuyobozi bwabo ntamwete bakorana kandi nta byinshi bageraho. Nta muntu numwe wakwishimira guhora akorera mugihombo ugasanga ari nduhire abandi. Abantu bakorera munsi y’ubuyobozi bwa nunguke/uhombe usanga nta bushobozi bahabwa bwo gukora byinshi kurenza nibyo bategetswe. Umusaruro uragabanuka, kandi ingaruka zibi ntaho zihuriye nizo mubuyobozi bwa nunguke/wunguke. Akenshi abantu bata imirimo yabo bakajya kwishakira ahandi kuko babona ntanyungu cyangwa ishimwe babona mubyo bakora. Indi mikorere y’ubuyobozi ni igihe bukorera muri gahunda ya mpombe/wunguke. Ntukemere ibi wibwira ngo ni ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu kuko atari bwo. Mpombe/wunguke ikora cyane mugihe igice kimwe gifite imbaraga nyinshi ikindi gifite intege nke cyangwa mugihe igice kimwe cyisuzugura cyane kuburyo batizera ko bibakwiriye kugira icyo baronkera mubufatanye bwabo n’abandi. Ibi bishobora kubaho mububakanye aho umwe mubashakanye yibona nk’”umunyamahoro” wakwemera gukora icyo aricyo cyose ariko amahoro agahinda. Ibi ntabwo byubaka. Niba intego y’umuyobozi ari uguha abo ayoboye ubushobozi kuburyo bakura bakagira insinzi mubuzima bwabo, ni ukuvuga ko mpombe/wunguke atari ihame ryiza ryo kugenderaho. Ntabwo ari byiza ko umuyobozi yemera guhomba kubushake ngo ni ukugirango undi muntu yunguke ntabwo n’ikinyuranyo k’ibi ari cyo. Ubwa nyuma dufite ihame rya mpombe/ahombe. Ibi bizana amabwiriza, Covey yanditse ati”iyo abantu babiri ba nunguke/uhombe bari hamwe – aha ni igihe abantu babiri b’indakurwakwizima, intagondwa, abikanyiza bakorana – ingaruka y’ibi izaba mpombe/uhombe. Ni ukuvuga bose bazahomba. Bombi bazashaka kunguka buri wese akurura yishyira cyangwa ashaka kubona ibirenze iby’undi, bityo ubuhumyi bwabo kuri ibi ni ukutamenya ko kwica ari nko kwiyahura cyangwa ko kwihorera ari inkota ibagira amugi yombi.” Uyu mwanditsi yakomeje avuga ati: “ nzi urugo rumwe aho umugabo yasabye ubutane hanyuma umucamanza asaba umugabo kugurisha ibyo atunze igice akagiha uwari umugore we. Mukubaha itegeko, yagurishije imodoka yari ifite agaciro kamadolari 10.000 kumadolari 50 gusa ngo arahima umugore kuko yahaye uwari umugore we amadolari 25. Mugihe umugore yaburanaga atemera icyo kiguzi, umukuru w’urukiko yagenzuye niba umugabo yaragiye yubahiriza ibyo yasabwe asanga yarabishyize mubikorwa kuri buri kimwe kimwe cyagurishijwe, bityo umugore aratsindwa kuko umugabo yamuhaga igice cy’ikiguzi cy’icyagurishijwe. Abantu bamwe buzurwa n’urwango, bakarengwa n’igomwa ry’umwanzi wabo kuburyo bibatera ubuhumyi kuri buri kintu uretse gusigara

5 Covey, 7 Habits, 207

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bifuza gusa ko umwanzi wabo ahomba naho byatera igihombo no kuri bo ubwabo.”6 Iki kirerekana ko iyi myitwarire atari myiza kubashakanye, ku itorero cyangwa aho ariho hose mu buyobozi. Ndemera cyane ko hari aho usanga icyemezo gikwiye gufatwa byihutirwa kandi ugasanga bitoroshye ko habaho gukurikiza rya hame rya nunguke/wunguke. Muri iki gihe umuyobozi agomba kwitwararika agafata icyemezo yumva ko aricyo kiboneye kuri bose kandi akiringira ko icyo yakoze gitunganye. Ariko ibihe nk’ibi biboneka gake, mubisanzwe tugomba gukora uko dushoboye tukagera kugihe dufata umwanzuro wuzuza rya hame rya nunguke/wunguke. Umushumba, umugabo cyangwa umupapa ushakisha uko ashoboye kwose kugera ku ihame rya nunguke/wunguke afite amahirwe menshi yo kubona itorero rye, umugore we cyangwa umuryango we bagera kubintu bikoye kandi bagatera imbere mumibereho yabo. 2.5 Imiterere y’ubuyobozi bwa Yesu isaba ukwicisha bugufi kwa bose Itegeko ryo kwicisha bugufi riboneka henshi mu Isezerano Rishya. Ni ikintu cyagombye kuranga umuntu wese ugize itorero rya Kristo, yaba umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe, umushumba w’itorero cyangwa umukristo usanzwe. Zirikana imirongo ikurikira:

Yakobo 3:17. Ariko ubwenge buva mu ijuru, irya mbere buraboneye kandi ni ubw’amahoro, n’ubw’ ineza bwemera kugirwa inama, bwuzuye imbabazi n’imbuto nziza, butarobanura k’ubutoni kandi butagira uburyarya. Yakobo atubwira ko kwemera kugirwa inama (guca bugufi) ari ikimenyetso cy’ubwenge buva ku Mana.

Abaroma 13:1. Umuntu wese agandukire abatware bamutwara, kuko ari ntabutware butava ku Mana, n’abatware bariho bashyizweho n’Imana. Tugomba kugandukira ubutegetsi. Zirikana neza ko tudasabwa kubumvira kuko rimwe na rimwe barashobora kudusaba gukora ibinyuranye n’inyisho za Bibiliya. Ariko, dusabwa kubagandukira. Turaza kuvuga gato ku itandukaniro ryabyo.

Abefeso 5:21. Kandi mugandukirane kubwo kubaha Kristo. Paulo asaba abizera kugandukira abandi bizera.

Kimwe mu bibazo byiyi mirongo nindi yose ivuga ibyo guca bugufi akenshi ni uko tutumva icyo aricyo kuganduka (guca bugufi). Bamwe bumva ko kugandukira runaka bisaba kumwumvira ntagushidikanya. Imirongo nk’Abefeso 5:22 isaba umugore kugandukira umugabo we muri byose isobanurwa kenshi ko umugore agomba kumvira umugabo muri byose. Ibi sibyo. Leka dusesangure Abefeso 5:21-22. Bibiliya yacu igabanya umurongo wa 21 n’uwa 22 nk’imirongo ibiri ariko siko byari bikwiye kuko bisa nibihindura igitekerezo cya Paulo. Nizera ko byari kurushaho gusobanuka no kugira umumaro iyo umurongo wa 21 n’uwa 22 iba umurongo umwe. Impamvu yibi ni uko murugiriki hariho inshinga imwe gusa ivuga kuri aya mabwiriza yombi. Iyo ni inshinga isaba abizera kugandukirana akaba ari nayo ikoreshwa mugihe basaba abagore kugandukira abagabo babo. Nta nubwo ari inshinga imwe yakoreshejwe kabiri, rimwe mumurongo wa 21 nirindi mu murongo wa 22 – hariho inshinga imwe gusa. Igiteye impungenge ni uko dusoma umurongo wa 21 nkaho uvuga ikintu kimwe hanyuma tugasobanura umurongo wa 22 nkaho havuga ikindi kintu gitandukanye nicyavuzwe muri 21 cyane cyane iyo Bibiliya dufite ishyira umutwe w’amagambo hagati yiyo mirongo yombi. Ukumva ijambo kuganduka akenshi bituruka m’umurongo wa 22 aho kuba k’umurongo wa 21, hanyuma tugasobanura ko bivuga kumvira. Niba twatangira n’umurongo wa 21, byadufasha kubona ko ‘kuganduka’ bitandukanye no ‘kumvira,’ kuko sindigera numva umuntu numwe yigisha ko umwizera agomba kumvira ikintu cyose undi mwizera amubwiye cyangwa amusabye gukora. Nta somo ryo mu Isezerano Rishya rimbwira ngo nk’urugingo rw’umubiri wa Kristo ngomba kumvira undi mwizera wese. Sinshobora, ariko ngomba kuca bugufi kuri bose (kuganduka). Dufatiye kuri ibi, kuganduka bisobanuye iki? Reka mbibutse ko Abefeso 5:21 dusoma ngo ‘mugandukirane kubwo kubaha Kristo.’ Kugandukirana aha bivuga kwirengagiza uburenganzira bwacu hanyuma tugashyira imbere ubwa bagenzi bacu kandi tukabakorera kubw’ineza ya bose.

6 Covey, 7 habits, 210

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Nkunda amagambo aturuka kumwanditsi Snodgrass avuga uyu murongo “ icyo Paulo yari afite mubwenge ni uko abakristo bashyira hasi ukwihugiraho hanyuma bagakora kubw’ineza y’abandi. Kuganduka si ikindi kitari icyemezo cyo kwita kubandi bantu.”7 Nyuma dusoma mu Abefeso 6:1,5 ko abana bagomba kumvira ababyeyi babo n’imbata nazo zigomba kumvira ba shebuja bo ku mubiri ariko ntabwo duhamagarirwa kumvira buri wese, ahubwo dusabwa kugandukirana ibi bivuga kureka kwihugiraho no kwirengagiza uburenganzira bwacu kugirango dushobore gukorera abandi. Iyo umushumba agandukira umuyobozi w’urubyiruko mu itorero ntibisobanuye ko agomba kumvira umuyobozi w’urubyiruko akora ibyo amusabye byose ahubwo ko umushumba ashobora gushyira kuruhande icyifuzo icyo aricyo cyose cyo gushaka icyubahiro n’ikuzo agakora kubw’ineza y’umuyobozi w’urubyiruko bituma itorero ryubakwa. Ibi binyuranye n’ubuyobozi bw’ubwami kuko iyo nyobora nk’umwami cyangwa umutware icyo nkora cyose ni ukwishakira icyubahiro no gushyigikira umwanya ndimo no gushaka indamu ntitaye kugukura no gutera imbere kw’abo nyoboye. Iyo nyobora nk’umutware nita kubindeba gusa hanyuma uzasanga akenshi nkoresha rya hame rya nunguke/uhombe aho gukoresha nunguke/wunguke. Iyo umuyobozi afashe urugero rwa Yesu rwo guca bugufi no kuganduka ahinduka umuntu witangira guha abandi ubushobobozi abakuza kugirango bagere k’urugero rwo gukora ibirenze ibyo ubusanzwe batari kugeraho ubwabo. Mbese iki sicyo umuyobozi akora? Ibi byakoreshwa cyane n’umushumba n’abo bakorana kandi n’ikinyuranyo cyabyo kirashoboka. Muri 1 Petero 5:5 Petero abwira abasore ko bagomba kugandukira abafite inshingano za gishumba kuri bo. Bibiliya Yera ivuga ngo “Namwe basore mugandukire abakuru.” Bibiliya y’icyongereza ya NIV isa naho itarasa neza ku gitekerezo cya Petero aho ihindura ijambo ry’ikigereki nk’abasore bakwiye kugandukira abakuru nko kuvuga abantu bakuru ariko igitekerezo ni abakuru b’itorero cyangwa muyandi magambo abashumba. Muri 1 Petero 5:1, byaba byiza kuhaha ubusobanuro bumwe n’umurongo wa 5, bishatse kwerekeza k’umuntu ufite inshingano mu itorero aho kuba umuntu mukuru muby’imyaka y’ubukuru. Reka ngerageze kuvuga kuri iki gitekerezo ko abasore bakwiye kugandukira abakuru b’itorero (abashumba) bari muri bo. Iki kintu cyo kugandukira abakuru b’itorero gikunda kuzana ibibazo mubihugu bimwe na bimwe aho abantu bakiri bato biyumvamo umuhamagaro wo kuyobora itorero ariko ntibaganduke ngo bace bugufi. Usanga akenshi bashaka gusuzugura umushumba mukuru w’itorero bituma bikururiraho abantu bakabakurikira. Iyo bamaze kubona itsinda rinini ryababemera mu itorero rije kuruhande rwabo basohoka muri rya torero bakajyana na ba bantu bagatangiza iryabo torero. Nyamara uko kwitandukanya bisiga ibikomere kandi birasenya aho kubaka. Amateka yerekana ko bene abo bayobozi bato badashaka kugandukira abakuru iherezo basarura ibyo babibye kuko hagera ubwo umwe mu itorero ryabo nawe yishyira hejuru agatangira kubasuzugura nabo bityo nawe amaherezo akazasohokana n’itsinda ry’abantu nabo bagatangiza irindi torero. Mu Abagalatiya 6:7, Paulo aduha ihame ry’ingenzi ryo muburyo bw’umwuka; ‘dusarura ibyo twabibye.’ “Ntimuyobe, Imana ntinegurizwa izuru, kuko ibyo umuntu abiba aribyo azasarura.” Ingaruka z’iyi myitwarire mumatorero atandukanye ni uko usanga hagiye habaho amatorero mato mato ariko by’ukuri ni make muri yo ashobora gukura akagera kurugero rwo kuba yakwigurira nibura ikibanza ngo yubake urusengero ruboneye kandi ashobore kwihembera umushumba. Impamvu bihora gutya ni uko bagera k’urugero rwaho bagatangiye ibikorwa bifatika, hakaduka umuntu w’umunyamakabikabi agatangira gusuzuguza umushumba maze haca iminsi agatwara igice cy’abanyetorero bityo agasiga rya torero mubukene aho ritagishoboye gukomeza umuvuduko wo gukura ryari rifite. Natangije aya magambo n’icyifuzo cyaho umushumba asabwa guca bugufi agaharanira kwimakaza rya hame rya nunguke/wunguke kuko ntekereza ko uru arirwo rufunguzo. Niba umushumba ashishikazwa no guha abantu be ubushobozi k’uburyo bagera kubyo batari kuzigezaho ubwabo, aho kwihugiraho ashaka icyubahiro n’ubutunzi, birashoboka cyane rwose ko ba bayobozi bakiri bato bazumva bidakenewe ko bafata ubuyobozi mu maboko yabo cyangwa ko

7 Snodgrass, Ephesians, 311

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atari ngombwa gusohoka gutangiza ayabo matorero. Ahubwo bazaba berekwa ubuyobozi bwo muburyo bwa Yesu bw’imiyoborere y’ubugaragu, hanyuma barusheho guca bugufi no kumvira. Brian Houston, umushumba w’itorero rya Hillsong muri Australia ni urugero rukomeye rw’ubuyobozi bw’ubugaragu. Hillsong ni itorero rinini muri Australia. Ndibuka numva umushumba Brian abwira abandi bashumba ko ari ngombwa ko baha ubushobozi abandi bantu bakabubaka kugeza naho abo bantu bari munsi yabo baba ibirangirire kubasumbya. Yabahaye urugero rwa Darlene Zschech umuyobozi w’ibyo kuramya no guhimbaza m’urusengero rwe, ababwira ukuntu yari amaze kwigisha mu iteraniro rimwe muri Amerika hanyuma ahagararana na Darlene haza umugore umwe afite icyuma gifotora. Muburyo bwo gusetsa Brian avuga ko yatekereje ko uwo mugore aje kumushimira uburyo ubutumwa bwe bwamufashije hanyuma afate ifoto ye ariko siko byagenze, ahubwo uwo mugore yasabye Brian kubafata ifoto y’uwo mugore na Darlene. Imwe mumpamvu zituma itorero rya Hillsong ryaguka cyane ni uko abayobozi bose bari munsi ya Brian bamwiyumvamo kandi bitangira gukurikira iyerekwa rye kuko bazi kandi babona neza ko Brian nawe abitangira kubakuza no kubateza imbere. Reka ndekere aha gato hanyuma mvuge ko nzi umubare w’abantu benshi bizera ko bahamagariwe umurimo w’ubushumba bw’itorero kandi ko bafite impano zose n’ubumenyi bwose bwatuma bakora uwo murimo, ariko ikibabaje, ni uko aribo ubwabo babyibonaho bakabyiyumvamo ubwabo. Bamwe bo muri bo bemera cyane ko bahamagawe ko bazakomeza kwihangana kugeza ubwo bazabona itorero ryabemera ko baribera umushumba nyamara ibyo biza gusoza batera amakimbirane mumatorero barimo. Jye nizera ko ari itorero rikwiye kwemeza umuntu runaka ko afite impano z’ubushumba n’ubumenyi bukwiye bwo kuba yayobora itorero kuruta ko umuntu ubwe yabyibonaho abandi bakorana ntawe ubibona. Igihe nasabaga itorero ryanjye kujya kwiga ishuri rimenyereza abashumba, bandikiye ibaruwa amatorero abiri nateraniyemo mbere y’uko nza aho, bayabaza niba koko barabonaga ko Imana yampaye impano z’ubushumba. 2.6 Kunda abantu bawe kandi ubasengere John Maxwell yaranditse ati:”ugomba kubakunda mbere y’uko ubayobora.”8 Niba abantu bazi ko ubakunda kandi ko inyungu zabo uzifite k’umutima, bazarushaho kugukurikira. Abashumba bamwe bashishikazwa cyane n’intego zabo cyangwa n’icyubahiro cyabo kuburyo bagaragaza ko abo bayoboye baza k’umurongo wa kabiri w’ibyo bashyize imbere, ndetse bakifata nkaho abantu bababereye inzitizi zo kugera ku ntego zabo. Abantu ntibishimira gukoreshwa kimwe nuko bamwe ubwa mbere bazasa nabakurikiye umushumba nk’uwo kuko bemeranya n’iyerekwa rye, ariko ku iherezo barakomereka bagacika intege maze bagahitamo kwigira muyandi matorero. Icyo nakongera kubyo Maxwell yanditse nuko “ugomba gukunda abantu bawe aho kubabona gusa nk’ibikoresho bigufasha kugera kuntego zawe bwite.” Muri 1 Petero 4:8 dusoma ngo, “Ariko ikiruta byose mukundane urukundo rwinshi, kuko urukundo rutwikira ibyaha byinshi.” Twese dufite igice dufitemo imbaraga nyinshi n’ikindi dufitemo intege nke. Abantu bo muri twe mubona bageze kubintu bikomeye bahora bibanda aho bafite imbaraga nyinshi bagashyira hasi aho bafite intege nke. Abantu nibamenya neza ko ubakunda bazakubabarira menshi mumakosa yawe. Kumenya ibi byongerera umuntu imbaraga kandi byorohereza abashumba gukora imirimo yabo.

8 Maxwell, Developing the Leader Within You, 59

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Umutwe wa 3

Amahame y’ubuyobozi dukurikije Kuva 18

3.1 Ubuyobozi bubi butera ibibazo Ibintu byatwandikiwe mugitabo cyo Kuva 18 bitwereka uburyo ubuyobozi ari ubw’ingenzi niba dushaka kugera kubyo Imana yaduteganirije. Imana yahamagariye Mose kuvana Abisirayeli mu buretwa bwo muri Egiputa akabajyana mu Igihugu cy’Isezerano. Ariko igihe Yetiro yazaga kubasura tubona ko urugendo rwabo rwasaga n’urwahagaze. Dusome Kuva 18:13, “Bukeye bwaho Mose yicazwa no gucira abantu imanza, abantu bahagarara bagose Mose bahera mugitondo bageza nimugoroba.” Ntabwo urugendo rwari rwahagaze gusa ahubwo hariho ibibazo byo gukemura kuburyo Mose yashoboraga guta umutwe akarengerwa n’ibibazo, bikaba byari kuba ingaruka mbi cyane kubihe byabo biri imbere. Kuva 18:17-18, “Sebukwe wa Mose aramubwira ati “Ibyo ukora ibyo si byiza. 18 Ntuzabura gucika intege n’aba bantu muri kumwe, kuko binaniranye biruta biruta ibyo washobora gukora wenyine.” Yetiro yabonye ko Mose yari afite ikibazo mubuyobozi bwe hanyuma amuha inama z’uburyo cyakemuka. Dukomeje gusoma Kuva 18 tubona ko umuti wari uguhindura uburyo ubuyobozi bwe bwari butondetse, agasaranganya ububasha bw’ubuyobozi, agatoza abandi bagomba kumufasha umurimo, mugihe we yagombaga gusigara acungira abantu bose murwego rwo hejuru muri rusange. Imikorere Mose yakoreragamo yari “ubuyobozi bw’umuntu umwe akaba kamara muri byose”, rero ubwe niwe wari nyirabayazana w’ibibazo. Yari akeneye guteza imbere imiyoborere ye niba yarashakaga ko agera ku intego yo gusohoza umurimo Imana yamushinze. Hano tumenye neza ko Yetiro inama yahaye Mose atari izo muburyo bw’umwuka. Ntabwo yamusabye gusenga cyane kurushaho, cyangwa gushaka cyane imbaraga z’Umwuka Wera, cyangwa gukora uko ashoboye agakora ibitangaza n’ibimenyetso, kuko izo sizo zari intege nke za Mose. Yari umuntu ukoreshwa n’imbaraga z’Imana gusumba abandi bantu bose twaba tuzi babayeho. Ikibazo yari afite ntabwo cyaterwaga no kubura amavuta yo muburyo bw’umwuka, ahubwo cyari intege nke m’ubuyobozi bwe, iki rero nicyo yarakwiye guhindura. Muri iki gihe bamwe mu bayobozi bakeneye gusenga cyane cyangwa kwinjira cyane mu mbaraga n’impano z’Umwuka ariko ntabwo aricyo kibazo Mose we yari afite. Kuba umuyobozi muburyo bwa gikristo bidusaba kwinjira cyane mu mbaraga z’umwuka ariko binadusaba imbaraga n’ubushobozi bwo muburyo bw’iby’umubiri, iki gice cya kabiri rero nicyo kirimo imiyoborere myiza. Tugomba kumenya ko kugeza ubu Mose yari yashoboye kurwana urugamba rukomeye igihe yashoboraga guhangana na Farawo, agasohora Abisirayeli muri Egiputa, akabacisha mu Inyanja Itukura no mubutayu. Yari yamaze gusohoza ibintu bikomeye n’ubwo hano urugendo rwari rusa nuruhagaze. Ibi bigomba gusa nibyiteguwe ibihe bimwe na bimwe. Abantu bafite imbaraga zidasanzwe n’amavuta by’Umwuka mubuzima bwabo, bakagendera m’ubushobozi bw’Umwuka bashobora kenshi gutangiza umurimo ukomeye. Abantu ugasanga barabashikiye cyane kuko Imana iba ibakoresha ibintu bidasanzwe, ariko iyo badafite ubuhanga bwo mubuyobozi hari aho usanga badashoboye gukomeza umuvuduko wo kugera kubintu bikomeye nk’uwo bari batangiranye. Ibi ntibisobanuye ko ubuyobozi ari ubw’ingenzi cyane gusumba impano z’Umwuka, cyangwa ko busimbura ibihe byo gusenga, ariko ikiruta ibyo bishatse kuvuga ko dukeneye gukuza ubuhanga bwacu muby’ubuyobozi kimwe n’uko dukeneye gukuza ubuzima bwacu bw’ iby’umwuka. 3.2 Ibibazo bizanwa n’ubuyobozi bw’umuntu umwe gusa Mose yakoraga muburyo bw’ubuyobozi bw’umuntu umwe aho yakoraga imirimo yose wenyine. Igihe cyose abantu babaga bagize ikibazo bazaga kuri we kandi yageragezaga uko ashoboye

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kubakemurira ibibazo. Ubu buryo bw’umuyobozi ukora imirimo yose wenyine nubwo hari abashumba babukoresha usanga bufite inzitizi nyinshi. Izo nzitizi ni :

Bidindiza ukujya imbere. Dufatiye k’urugero rw’abisirayeli, imiyoborere y’umuntu umwe akaba ariwe kamara, yabazitiye gukomeza urugendo berekeza mu Igihugu cy’Isezerano, kuko bagomba guhagarara bategereje ko Mose aca imanza. Mu itorero iyi miyoborere izitira ugukura kwaryo kuko ibintu byose ari umushumba ubikora.

Biha umuyobozi akazi kenshi n’uburuhe bwinshi bikaba byazamuvuramo kunanirwa umurimo akawuvamo. Reba neza inama Yetiro yahaye Mose mu Kuva 18:17-18 Sebukwe wa Mose aramubwira ati “Ibyo ukora ibyo si byiza. Ntuzabura gucika intege n’aba bantu muri kumwe, kuko binaniranye biruta ibyo washobora gukora wenyine.” Kugerageza gukora imirimo yose wenyine bizana ugucika intege, ari muburyo bw’umubiri, umutima n’umwuka cyane cyane iyo uri umuntu w’umunyamutwaro kandi umurimo ukaba waguka.

Bituma abantu batanyurwa n’ibyo ukora. Ibi yenda byarushya gusobanukirwa kubantu badafite inararibonye mu murimo. Bashobora kuvuga, “yego, nashima umuntu ukora wenyine kuko arushaho kwitangira abantu nubwo avunika ariko arashakira abantu ibyiza, nijye mushumba, kandi nijye wahawe inshingano kandi wabyigiye ndetse nijye ufite inararibonye mu murimo w’Imana.” Ibi siko biri. Umva neza inama za Yetiro mu Kuva 18:18 na 23, “Ntuzabura gucika intege n’aba bantu muri kumwe, kuko binaniranye biruta biruta ibyo washobora gukora wenyine…Nugira utyo Imana ikabigutegeka uzabishobora, kandi ubu bwoko bwose buzajya ahabwo bufite amahoro.” Menya neza ko ubuyobozi bw’umuntu umwe ukora byose budashimisha abantu, ahubwo bubaca intege kandi bakagenda batanyuzwe.

Binyuranye n’inyigisho z’Isezerano Rishya. Abefeso 4:11-12 hatubwira ko impamvu Yesu ashyiraho abayobozi mu itorero atari ukugirango bakore imirimo yose yo mu itorero ubwabo, ahubwo ko ari kugirango batunganye abera bose ngo bajye mu murimo w’Imana. “Ni uko aha bamwe kuba intumwa ze, n’abandi kuba abahanuzi, n’abandi kuba ababwirizabutumwa bwiza, n’abandi kuba abungeri n’abigisha, kugirango abera batunganirizwe rwose gukora umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana no gukomeza umubiri wa Kristo.”

Bitera abantu kurushaho kunegura umushumba. Akenshi iyo umushumba akora wenyine abantu baramunegura kuko adasubiza ibibazo byabo bose, naho yaba akora neza cyane. Iyo abantu bashyizwe mu mirimo babona itorero nka “itorero ryacu” aho kuribona nk’itorero ry’umushumba. Kandi ingaruka zibyo ni uko usanga banegura buke, kuko ntamuntu wakwinegura k’umugaragaro. Baneguye ubuyobozi kandi nabo baburimo baba bineguye ubwabo!

Tugitekereza ibyo tuvuze haruguru reka mvuge zimwe mu mpamvu zituma abashumba kenshi bakoresha imiyoborere yo gukora bonyine.

Ntakindi bazi kiza kurushaho. Aho niho ubumenyi bwabo bugarukiye. Niki cyateye Mose gutuma biriya bibaho? Kuki yari we wenyine ukora umurimo w’ubucamanza? Ugusoma igitabo cyo Kuva ubwanjye bituma mvuga ko yakoze uko yakoze kuko yabonaga aribwo buryo bwiza bwo kuyobora kandi ntabundi yari azi. Mose dukurikije imiterere ye, yibwiraga ko ari umuntu witanga cyane, yiyumvagamo ko uwo ari umurimo we, kandi ko akeneye kwitanga kubwo gukorera abantu be. Iki cyagaragara nk’igitekerezo cy’ingenzi ariko ntabwo gishyize mugaciro.

Byashobora kwerekana kandi ko Mose amashuri ye yari yarigiye m’urugo rw’ibwami kwa Farawo atarimo amasomo y’ubuyobozi bwiza. Igisubizo yahaye sebukwe Yetiro kerekana neza ko ntacyo yarasobanukiwe kumahame shingiro y’iby’ubuyobozi. Amashuri y’ibya tewologiya atsimbarara kubya kera agwa muri iki gice. Bashobora gufata umwanya munini wo kwigisha abanyeshuri babo tewologiya, ubujyanama, n’uburere n’imibanire ariko ikibabaje bashyira umwanya muto cyane mugutoza abo banyeshuri ubuyobozi. Yego ibyo byambere ntabwo byakwirengagizwa ariko n’iki cya nyuma cy’ubuyobozi gikwiye kwitabwaho cyane. Bashumba namwe bayobozi bandi, mube mwiteguye iteka kwiga byinshi bishoboka byerekeye ubuyobozi bwiza. Mwahamagariwe kuba abayobozi nuko rero nimushake ibyangombwa byose bituma mukora uwo murimo neza.

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Bizizana ubwabyo keretse wowe ufashe gahunda yo kubihindura. Ubwo Yetiro yabazaga Mose impamvu ariwe wenyine ukora nk’umucamanza yasubije ati: ”Ni uko abantu baza kuri jye ngo mbabarize Imana” (Kuva 18:15). Ndemeza neza ko Mose atigeze abwira abantu ko bagomba kujya baza kuri we bamuzaniye impaka zabo, bo ubwabo nibo batangiye kubikora gutyo gusa. Iyi niyo kamere ya muntu. Iyo mu itorero abantu bashaka kubonana n’umuntu runaka k’ubw’ibibazo bafite, batekereza ko uwa mbere bakwiye gusanga ari umushumba. Ibi birikora cyane cyane iyo umushumba agaragarwaho kuba umunyempano. Abantu bumva bagomba gusanga umuyobozi w’umunyempano iyo bafite ibibazo aho kujya k’umwungirije cyangwa uwo bakorana.

Abashumba bamwe bashaka kugenzura buri kintu cyose kuburyo badashobora kugira uwo barekurira ubuyobozi. Nagiye mpura n’abashumba bamwe bakomeza ubuyobozi bw’umuntu umwe k’ubushake bwabo, kuko badashaka ko abandi bantu bafata ibyemezo. Bashaka kugenzura buri kintu cyose kivuzwe cyangwa gikozwe, kandi bashaka kugenzura ko buri kantu kose kugera kumuzi kakozwe muburyo bo bashaka. Ntibashobora guha abandi ubushobozi ngo babarekere uburanganzira bwo gufata ibyemezo batagizemo uruhare. Muby’ukuri bene aba bayobozi bishyiriraho uruzitiro rutuma itorero ridakura.

Niba umuyobozi nk’uyu yarigishijwe iby’ubuyobozi hanyuma ntashake guha abandi inshingano n’ubushobozi bukenewe ngo ibintu bigende neza, birashoboka ko uyu muyobozi afite ikibazo bwite yihariye. Iyo ndebye imyaka yose maze mubuzima bw’itorero, ndabona ko nagiye mbona benshi mubashumba bafite izi ntege nke. Twabita ba “nyiranzibyose.” Reka mbahe urugero. Mu myaka myinshi ishize jye n’umugore wanjye twagiye mu itorero rishobora kuba ryarigeze rigira umuvuduko mugukura ariko bikaza guhagarara. Umushumba waryo yashimangiraga ko nta tsinda na rimwe mu itorero rikwiye gukora inama atayirimo kandi akaba ariwe uyiyobora. Kubwe yatekerezaga ko aribwo buryo bwiza butuma agenzura byose bikorerwa mu itorero bityo ntihagire imyanzuro yafatwa inyuranye n’inyungu zaryo. Ndemera ko yari afite igitekerezo cyiza ariko byatumye abantu batagira udushya bazana mu itorero, bikonjesha ububyutse buri wese yari afite yishimiye itorero rye bityo bituma gukura gucumbagira. Ntibikenewe kuvuga ko ibi byakururiye abanyetorero kumva batishimiye itorero, bibyara ibice mu itorero, nyuma yaho umushumba yaje kuva muri iryo torero ajya murindi. Nubwo bimeze bityo iyi nkuru ifite iherezo rishimishije kuko haje umushumba mushya ushyigikiye ubuyobozi bukorera mu itsinda, bityo itorero rigira ububyutse budasanzwe kandi rirakura cyane. Ndibuka umukuru w’itorero umwe ambwira ko badakunda kujya kure kuburyo basiba n’iteraniro na rimwe muri icyo gihe kubera udushya dushimishije Imana yakoreraga mumateraniro.

Twamenya ko bamwe mubayobozi bafite ubuyobozi bukorwan’umuntu umwe basa naho batera imbere mu ikubitiro, cyane cyane iyo umuyobozi ari umunyempano. Mose ni urugero rufatika rw’ibi. Yari yayoboye abantu bava mu buretwa muri Egiputa, bambuka Inyanja Itukura baca no m’ubutayu. Aho byari bigeze byari byiza, ariko akaga kabaye ko batakomeje kugenda kuko yadindijwe n’ibibazo by’abantu bageze m’ubutayu, bigatuma afata umwanya wo kujya ava mugitondo akageza k’umugoroba yakira kandi aca imanza, ibyo bituma nta ntambwe n’imwe bongera gutera m’urugendo. Mu ikubitiro ibintu byagenze neza kuko abantu bari bashimishijwe n’impano ziri muri Mose kandi bafite inyota yo kuva mu buretwa. Nyamara, igihe ibibazo bya Farawo byari birangiye, abantu bagatangira noneho kureba ibibazo biberekeye no gushaka ko bikemurwa aho gukomeza kubyirengagiza nk’uko babikoze ubwo basohokaga muri Egiputa, impano z’Umwuka za Mose ntabwo zari zihagije mugufasha gukora umurimo neza. Yari akeneye guhindura uburyo bw’ubuyobozi bwe akava muri gahunda y’ubuyobozi bw’umuntu umwe ukora umurimo wenyine. Impano ze zamugejeje kure hashoboka ariko ntabwo byari bihagije kuba umunyempano ukora wenyine kugirango Abisirayeli bazagere mu gihugu cy’isezerano. Nabonye abashumba, bamwe ndaza kubavugaho, bari abanyempano cyane bituma bakurura abantu benshi barabakurikira mu ikubitiro. Akaga kabaye nyuma nuko kubura ubuhanga m’ubuyobozi byagiye bituma abantu bacika intege bakabavaho bakajya ahandi.

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3.3 Hindura uko inzego z’ubuyobozi zitondetse mugihe ari ngombwa Nk’abayobozi dukeneye guhindura uko ishyirahamwe ryacu ryubatse inzego z’ubuyobozi kugirango dukureho inzitizi zituma itorero ridakura. Inama Yetiro yahaye Mose yamuruhuye umutwaro wo kugeragerageza gukora umurimo wenyine hanyuma byamuhaye umwanya uhagije ndetse bimwongerera imbaraga zo gushyira k’umurimo w’ubuyobozi muri rusange. Inama za Yetiro kwari uguhindura uko inzego z’ubuyobozi zisanzwe zikora, aho Mose yagombaga gushyiraho abayobozi bayobora igihumbi, abayobora ijana, abayobora mirongo itanu, ndetse n’abayobora icumi bagakora nk’abacamanza mugihe we yagombaga gusigara akemura imanza zananiranye munzego zo hasi, hanyuma akaguma no gukora umurimo w’ubuyobozi bukuru muri rusange. Kuva 18:21-22, “Kandi utoranye mu bantu bose abashoboye ubucamanza, bubaha Imana n’inyangamugayo, banga impongano. Ubahe ubutware bamwe batware igihumbi igihumbi, abandi ijana ijana, abandi mirongo itanu itanu, abandi icumi icumi. Bajye bacira abantu ibihe byose kandi urubanza rukomeye rwose bajye barukuzanira, ariko urubanza rworoheje abe aribo baruca. Niho uziyorohereza umuruho, na bo bazajya bafatanya nawe.” Kuba inzego zitondetse neza ntabwo ari ihame ko itorero rizakura byanze bikunze, ariko bitanga ikicyizere cyo gukura mugihe inzego z’ubuyobozi zitondetse nabi byanze bikunze bizitira ugukura kw’itorero. Mu Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:1-5 tuhasanga uburyo itorero rya mbere ryahinduye uburyo inzego z’ubuyobozi zari zitondetse kugirango bakemure ikibazo cy’ibice cyari kivutse. Hari habayeho ukutumvikana mu itorero kuko Abayuda ba kigiriki bitotomberaga ko abapfakazi babo badahabwa ibyo kurya bishoboka ko rero bari bashonje. Reba uburyo intumwa zakemuye iki kibazo. Nuko muri icyo gihe abigishwa bakigwira, Abayuda ba kigiriki batangira kwitotombera Abaheburayo, kuko abapfakazi babo bacikanwaga ku igerero ry’iminsi yose. 2Abo cumi na babiri bahamagara abigishwa bose bati “Ntibikwiriye ko turekera kwigisha ijambo ry’Imana kwicara ku meza tugabura. 3Nuko bene Data, mutoranye muri mwe abantu barindwi bashimwa, buzuye Umwuka Wera n’ubwenge, tubashyire kuri uwo murimo. 4Ariko twebweho tuzakomeza gusenga no kugabura ijambo ry’Imana’.” Igisubizo kukibazo cyari cyavutse cyabaye guhindura uko inzego z’ubuyobozi z’itorero rya mbere zari zitondetse. Bisa naho intumwa zari zisanzwe zifite inshingano yo kubwiriza no gusenga hamwe no kwegeranya no gusaranganya ibiribwa ku bapfakazi n’abandi babikennye. Byaje rero kuba umutwaro munini birabarenga kuburyo batari bagishoboye gukora buri kimwe cyose bonyine, rero bari bafite ubwenge buva ku Mana bwabahishuriye uburyo bwo gusubiza icyo kibazo bahindura gahunda y’ubuyobozi. Batumiye itorero ryose muri rusange guterana maze rigatoranya abagabo barindwi buzuye Umwuka Wera ngo bashingwe uwo murimo wo gukusanya no gusaranganya ibiribwa ku bapfakazi n’abandi bari abakene n’abatishoboye, mugihe intumwa zo zizibanda k’ugusenga no kugabura ijambo ry’Imana. Iki kibazo cyari cyadutse mu itorero rya mbere cyari kuricamo ibice bishingiye ku moko ariko ingorane zashakiwe umuti muburyo bwihuse bwo guhindura uburyo inzego z’ubuyobozi zari zisanzwe zikora. Ni iby’ingenzi cyane kugira inzego zitondetse neza mu itorero iyo abarigize bishimiye uko gahunda n’inzego by’itorero zitondetse kandi bikaba bibafasha gutuma itorero rikura rikagira n’ubusugire bwaryo. Yego, dukwiye kwigisha abantu bacu kurushaho gukunda no gufashanya ariko ibi byonyine ntabwo bihagije, dukwiye rimwe na rimwe guhindura n’imiyoborere. Reka nongere nshimangire ko dukeneye kujya duhindura imiyoborere cyane cyane hakurikijwe uko itorero rigenda ryaguka. Ibintu byagenderwagaho m’ubuyobozi imyaka icumi ishize birashobora kuba bitakigezweho muri kino gihe. Ibihe birahinduka, n’itorero rikwiye guhindura imikorere n’imiyoborere igihe bibaye ngombwa ko byatuma rirushaho gukora neza no gukura kurushaho. 3.4 Robanura abantu bakwiye Mugihe ufite inzego zitondetse neza, ugomba gutoranya abantu bakwiye bo mushyira muri izo nzego. Akamaro ko gutoranya umuntu ukwiye wo gushyira k’umurimo runaka mu itorero ntabwo ari

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ikintu cyo kugibwaho impaka. Itorero cyangwa ishyirahamwe rizakura cyangwa rizasubira inyuma bitewe n’ubushobozi bw’umuyobozi waryo. Niyo mpamvu, udakwiye guha umwanya w’ubuyobozi umuntu uwo ariwe wese ngo ni uko abyitangira cyangwa abikunze, genzura neza niba uwo muntu akwiriye uwo mwanya koko. Reka mbakangurire gusoma ibice bitatu byo muri Bibiliya bikurikira:

Inama ya Yetiro kuri Mose mu Kuva 18:21, “Kandi utoranye mu bantu bose abashoboye ubucamanza, bubaha Imana n’inyangamugayo, banga impongano.”

Amabwiriza y’intumwa ku itorero rya mbere mu Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:3, “Nuko bene Data, mutoranye muri mwe abantu barindwi bashimwa, buzuye Umwuka Wera n’ubwenge, tubashyire kuri uwo murimo.”

Amabwiriza ya Paulo kuri Timoteyo yerekeranye n’umuntu ukwiye kuba umukuru w’itorero muri 1 Timoteyo 3:2-10. Ni uko umwepisikopi akwiye kuba inyangamugayo, no kuba umugabo w’umugore umwe, abe udakunda ibisindisha wirinda, ugira gahunda mukubaho kwe, ukunda gucumbikira abashyitsi, ufite ubwenge bwo kwigisha, utari umunywi wa vino cyangwa umunyarukoni, ahubwo abe umugwaneza utarwana, utari umukunzi w’impiya, utegeka neza abo mu rugo rwe, agatera abana be kumvira no kubaha rwose. (Mbese utazi gutegeka abo mu rugo rwe yabasha ate kurinda itorero ry’Imana?) kandi ntakwiriye kuba uhindutse Umukristo vuba, kugira ngo atikakaza akagwa, agacirwa ho iteka Satani yaciriweho. Kandi akwiriye gushimwa neza n’abo hanze, kugirango adahinyuka akagwa mu mutego wa Satani. Kandi n’abadiyakoni na bo ni uko: bakwiye kuba abitonda, batari interenganya cyangwa abamenyereye vino nyinshi bakifuza indamu mbi, ahubwo bakomeze ubwiru bwo kwizera bafite imitima itabacira urubanza. Bakwiriye kubanza kugeragezwa, maze nibatabaho umugayo babone gukora umurimo w’ubudiyakoni.

Mu ncamake twavuga ko abantu bashaka gushyirwa mu myanya y’ubuyobozi bakwiye kuba:

Abantu b’umwuka bubaha Imana.

Abantu bafite imico y’Imana muri bo.

Babifitiye ubushobozi n’impano zijyana n’ubuyobozi.

Bafite ubuhamya bwiza mu bantu, mu itorero no hanze yaryo.

Bafite ubwenge bahawe n’Imana. Reka turebe ibyo tuvuze haruguru aha muburyo burambuye.

Abantu b’umwuka bubaha Imana Ibi wabona ari nk’ibisanzwe kuburyo umuntu atakwirirwa abivugaho ariko, ikibabaje, abantu bamwe bashyirwa mu myanya y’ubuyobozi mu itorero cyangwa ishyirahamwe hatitawe kukureba uburyo bakuze muby’umwuka mubuzima bwabo. Akenshi cyane abantu bashyirwa mu myanya y’ubuyobozi kuko bafite ubunararibonye mubyo basanzwe bakora mu isi naho baba batumva iby’umwuka icyo ari cyo. Dukeneye abantu basobanukiwe ko ubuyobozi atari gusa kuba dufite ubuhanga bwo gukora ibi n’ibi muburyo busanzwe bw’isi, hariho ihame ry’iby’Umwuka rigomba kuba iry’imbere mu kugenga imitekerereze yacu. Nizerako ijambo ry’Imana kuri Zerubabeli rishobora gukoreshwa kubantu bose bari m’umurimo w’Imana mu itorero. Zekariya 4:6 handitswe ngo: Aransubiza ati “Ijambo Uwiteka atumye kuri Zerubabeli ngiri ati ‘si ku bw’amaboko kandi si ku bw’imbaraga, ahubwo ni ku bw’Umwuka wanjye.’” Niko Uwiteka Nyiringabo avuga. Abayobozi bagomba kuba abantu bubaha Imana. Bagomba kubaho ubuzima bwabo bazi neza ko umunsi umwe bazahagarara imbere y’Imana bagatanga raporo y’ijambo ryose bavuze n’ikintu cyose bakoze. Ikintu kimwe gihora kinsunika muri jye kuruta ibindi ni ukuri kuboneka muri Matayo 25: 23 n’umugani w’italanto, “Shebuja aramubwira ati ‘Nuko nuko mugaragu mwiza ukiranuka, wakiranutse mu bike, nzakwegurira byinshi, injira m’umunezero wa shoboja.’” Ndashaka kuzahagarara imbere y’Imana nkumva imbwira ayo magambo, “Warakoze, mugaragu mwiza ukiranuka,. Wakiranutse muri byose naguhamagariye gukora.” Si mparanira kugera kubyo Bill

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Graham yagezeho cyangwa gukora nk’ibye kandi nziko ntazacirwa urubanza bagereranya ibyange nibye. Ngomba gusa gukora ibyo Imana yampamagariye gukora kandi nkabikora neza. Dukeneye abayobozi bubaha Imana kandi bagahorana indangagaciro z’ibizahoraho mu mitima yabo. Uko umuyobozi azamurwa mu nzego z’ubuyobozi niko yari akwiriye kuzamuka no muburyo bw’umwuka. Urwego umwanya w’ubuyobozi ufite ruriho rukwiye kuba rungana n’urwego ufite mukubaha Imana no gusobanukirwa iby’umwuka. Birababaje kuyobora itorero ry’Imana cyangwa kuba mu nzego z’ubuyobozi bwaryo utumva iby’Umwuka ni kimwe no gusunika cyangwa gutwara imodoka itarimo amavuta. Ahamanuka ushobora gukonkoboka ariko nugera ahatambika n’ahazamuka uzabira icyuya!

Kugira imico cyangwa imiterere y’Imana Ni ikintu k’ingenzi cyane ko umuyobozi agira imico y’Imana muri we. Yetiro yagiriye inama Mose gutoranya abantu b’inyangamugayo kandi banga impongano n’indamu mbi, mugihe Paulo we atanga urutonde rurerure rw’ubushobozi umuyobozi w’itorero akwiye kuba afite. Imiterere ni ikintu k’ingenzi. Dukwiye kwita k’uburyo Paulo ashimangira uko umuyobozi akwiye kwitwara. Muby’ukuri ashinga agati cyane kuburyo umuyobozi agomba kuba ateye gusumba kubyo akwiye gukora n’impano z’umwuka akwiye kuba afite. Hari ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi bitera abashumba gusitara bakagwa. Mururimi rw’icyongereza tubivuga twifashishije inyuguti eshatu za G (Gold, Girls and Glory). Dukunda kubyita imva eshatu z’abashumba. Nabivuzeho mu mutwe wa mbere w’iki gitabo aho navugaga ko umuyobozi akeneye guteza imbere iby’imyitwarire ye ariko reka nongere mbigarukeho.

Gukoresha amafranga nabi. Ni ikintu gikomeye nk’uko Yetiro mu Kuva 18:21 na Paulo muri 1 Timoteyo 3:3 babivugaho. Abayobozi bagomba kuba ‘inyangamugayo, banga impongano;’ atari abakunzi b’amafranga, kandi badakurikira indamu mbi. Ushobora kuba umukunzi w’amafranga naho waba uri umukene. Imwe munyungu zo gutanga k’imwe mu icumi ni uko bidufasha kugira akamenyero ko kubohoka ku mafranga. Iyo dutanga ntagahato kandi tugatanga ku Imana tunezerewe byerekana ko dufite gucunga amafranga atariyo aducunga. Gukoresha amafranga nabi bisa naho ari ikibazo mu bayobozi bo mu matorero n’imiryango muri Afurika kuruta uko biri mubihugu by’iburengerazuba. Birakwiriye ko amatorero n’imiryango ya gikristo bashyiraho gahunda n’imirongo bibafasha kwizerako imikoreshereze y’amafranga muri ibi ari ntamakemwa. Niyo mpamvu kare nari natanze urugero rw’uko nkoresha amafranga mu ishyirahamwe ryanjye.

Ubusambanyi; akenshi bukorwa n’abadahuje ibitsina uretse ko muri iyi minsi hari kwaduka amahano y’ubukorwa n’abahuje ibitsina. Amashyirahamwe menshi yagiye asenyuka bitewe n’icyaha cy’ubusambanyi. Ubunararibonye bwanjye bwanyerekaga ko ibi bifata cyane abayobozi bo mubihugu by’iburengerazuba bw’isi kuruta abo muri Afurika, ariko bagenzi banjye b’abayobozi b’Abanyafurika bimeza ko ubusambanyi ari ikibazo gikomeye kigusha abayobozi no muri Afurika.

Icyubahiro. Aha ni igihe abashumba n’abayobozi b’amatorero bishyira hejuru kubw’imirimo bakora cyangwa ibyo bagezeho mu murimo nk’aho byose byaje kubera ubushobozi n’ubuhanga byabo bwite. Birengagiza ko ibyo tugeraho byose tubiterwa n’ukuboko kwiza kw’Imana kuri kumwe natwe.

Reka yenda kuri ibi nongereho ko icyaha cy’umuzi wo gusharira ari ikindi kintu gikomeye gituma abashumba batagera ku intego. Dusome Abaheburayo 12:15, Mwirinde hatagira umuntu ugwa akava m’ubuntu bw’Imana, kandi hatagira umuzi wo gusharira umera ugahagarika imitima abenshi bagahumana. Abashumba n’abo bashakanye usanga akenshi banegurwa muburyo bunyuranye bikaba byabakururira uyu muzi wo gusharira maze bikabasenya. Wirinde kandi witonde igihe abantu bakunegura naho byaba atari mukuri, bababarire, bababarire ndetse ongera ubababarire (turaza kuvuga uburyo umuyobozi yahangana n’abamuvuga nabi mu gice kiza gukurikira). Intege nke muburyo bwo kwirinda zisenya ibintu byinshi kuruta n’ibindi byose. Iyi niyo mpamvu dukeneye abayobozi bubaha Imana.

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Abantu bashoboye kandi bafite impano z’Umwuka zijyanye n’umurimo Abayobozi bakeneye kuba abantu bashoboye, bagomba kuba bashoboye gutunganya umurimo bashinzwe. Bagomba kuba abantu bahindura iyerekwa kuba ikintu cy’ukuri. Ntakamaro bimaze gushyira umuntu k’umwanya w’ubuyobozi niba adafite ubushobozi bujyanye n’uwo mwanya naho yaba ari umuntu w’Imana cyane. Reka mbaze iki kibazo, Tumenya dute ko umuntu azashobora umurimo ahawe? Igisubizo cyanjye kuri iki kibazo ni “turebera kubyo yashoboye gukora mugihe cyashize, kuko ibyo umuntu ashobora kugeraho mugihe kiri imbere byerekanwa nibimenyetso by’imyitwarire yagaragaje mugihe cyashize.” Ese baba barashoboye kurangiza neza inshingano bari bahawe mu bihe bishize? Niba ariko byagenze, birashoboka ko n’inshingano zisa n’izo zo k’urwego rwisumbuyeho bazazitunganya neza. Reka ntange urugero rw’ibyambayeho ubwanjye. Igihe Imana yampamagariraga kuba umushumba w’itorero nari nsanzwe mfite umurimo wo kuyobora urubyiruko rw’abahungu b’imyaka 9 kugera 12. Nakoranaga n’itsinda ry’abantu bakuru 13, twari dufite abahungu bari hagati ya 70 na 80 bazaga mumateraniro yabagenewe y’umugoroba. Hamwe n’ibi nigishaga no mu ishuri ryo ku cyumweru (Sunday School). Igihe ab’itorero ryo muri Canada aho twari tumaze imyaka itanu badusezeragaho tugiye kwiga Ishuri rya Bibiliya m’ Uburayi igihe cy’amezi atandatu, umushumba yavuze ijambo ryagumye k’umutima wanjye nabugingo n’ubu. Yashimangiye ko yizeye neza ko twahamagariwe umurimo w’ubushumba kandi ko dufite impano n’ubushobozi bituma tuzakora neza uwo murimo kuko twabyerekaniye muburyo twakoreye itorero. Yakomeje avuga ko yabonye abanyeshuri benshi bashakaga kuzaba abantu bavuga mubiterane bikomeye mpuzamahanga no kuzaba abashumba bakomeye mu matorero manini ariko batashoboraga no kwigisha Ishuri ryo ku Cyumweru cyangwa ngo bagire umurimo babonekamo n’umwe w’itorero ryabo aho basengera. Abo bantu bari bafite imigambi ikomeye cyane, ariko imibereho yabo y’igihe cyashize ntiyerekanaga ko bashobora kuzagera ku nzozi zabo zo kuri urwo rwego, ahubwo icyarangaga ubuzima bwabo ni amagambo aho kuba ibikorwa. Icyo bari bakeneye gukora ni ugusubira inyuma kuby’ibanze, berekana ko bashoboye gukora imirimo yo mu itorero uhereye ku ibintu bito bito, hanyuma bamara kwerekana ubushobozi bwabo muri izo nzego zo hasi, bakaba bazamurwa muy’indi ntera y’ubuyobozi. Igihe bakoze neza inshingano bahawe k’urwego rwo hasi, byabahesha kuzamurwa k’urundi rwego rwisumbuyeho. Sinzohereza umuntu gutangiza itorero rishya cyangwa kuyobora itorero risanzwe ahantu, kugeza igihe yaba amaze kwerekana ko ashoboye kuyobora umurimo mu itorero asengeramo. Nabonye abantu benshi bagwa kuko boherejwe hakiri kare cyane nta nararibonye baragira mu murimo w’Imana ibaherekeje. Bashobora kuba bari bazi kuvuga ibintu neza cyangwa bazi kujya impaka bemeza abantu nyamara bakaba batarerekana ubushobozi bwo kuyobora itsinda ry’abantu m’umurimo. Witondere abantu bamaranira imyanya y’ubuyobozi mu itorero ariko bakaba badashobora kwemera gutangira gukora imirimo mito mito mu itorero basengeramo. Nahuye n’abantu benshi bahamya rwose ko Imana yabahamagariye kuzagira umurimo wagutse ku isi yose, ariko abo bantu bakaba batakora umurimo wo k’urwego rwo hasi mu matorero babarizwamo. Bene abo ibyabo biherera mu magambo bigahora ari inzozi gusa.

Kugira ubuhamya bwiza mu itorero no hanze yaryo Muri 1 Timoteyo 3:7 dusomamo ko umuyobozi w’itorero “akwiriye gushimwa neza n’abo hanze. “ Agomba guhinduka umuntu abantu bubaha, baba abari mu itorero cyangwa abataririmo. Ni ibintu by’ingenzi urebye incuro Paulo abigarukaho. K’urugero dusomye umurongo wa 2 havuga ko umwepisikopi/umushumba akwiriye kuba ‘inyangamugayo,’ hanyuma m’umurongo wa 4 havuga ko abana be bagomba kumwubaha no kumwumvira rwose. Abadiyakoni nabo bagomba kubabahwa (umurongo wa 8) kandi n’abadiyakonikazi nabo bagomba kubahwa (umurongo wa 11). Kuba umuntu wo kubahwa ni ikintu gikwiye kuranga umuyobozi wese wo mu itorero.

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Iyo dushyize abantu mu myanya y’ubuyobozi, dukenye kwibaza ikibazo, “Mbese aba bantu bafite ubuhamya bwiza mu itorero no hanze yaryo?” “Mbese aba bantu bakwiriye kubahwa?” Ibi n’ibintu by’ingirakamaro cyane kuko niba abayobozi batowe cyangwa batumwe badafite ibyo, bazakoza isoni itorero. Si n’ibyo gusa, mubisanzwe abantu ntabwo bazakurikira cyangwa bazumvira umuntu batubaha, uko niko bimeze. Ukuntu umuntu abantu baho akorera bamwiyumvamo ni iby’ingenzi cyane, kandi byerekana uwo muntu ubuyobozi bwe ubwo aribwo. Ese bafite ubuhamya bwo kuba abanebwe cyangwa abanyamurava? Ese bazwi nk’abantu bakorana neza n’abandi cyangwa ni abantu bigoye gukorana nabo muburyo ukorana nabo asabwa kubitondera kuko rimwe na rimwe barakara vuba? Muyandi magambo, “Mbese bafite ubuhamya bwiza mu murimo, abantu barabumvira?” Nziko mu matorero amwe yo mu bihugu by’iburengerazuba (byateye imbere) mbere y’uko bemerera umuntu gutorezwa umurimo w’ubushumba, buri gihe bamusaba ubuhamya bw’umukoresha we mu kazi gasanzwe k’ isi yarasanzwemo, baba bashaka kumenya neza ko afite ‘ubuhamya bwiza mubo hanze’. Iyi ntambwe n’ingenzi kandi niy’ubwenge kuko ishobora kurinda itorero kugwa m’umutego wo kuzameneka umutwe mubihe biri imbere. Ibukako ikirango cyo kuzakora neza mu bihe biri imbere kerekanwa n’uko umuntu yitwaye n’uko yakoze mu mirimo yari afite mubihe bishize. Nakoranye n’ishuri rya Bibiliya m’Ubudage mubihe byinshi, mbere natangiye ndi umunyeshuri hanyuma nza kuba umwe mubigisha, kandi nari nubashye cyane umuyobozi w’iryo shuri. Ndibuka umunsi umwe njya impaka nawe kubyerekeye umunyeshuri wibwiragako yahamagariwe kuba umushumba w’urubyiruko mu itorero mu gihugu yakomokagamo. Umuyobozi w’ishuli yabonye ko umuntu yiga undi akurikiranira hafi uburyo atunganya inshingano aba yahawe kuruta kumva ibyo avuga mu ishuri. Mugukurikirana neza uko umuntu akora imirimo yashinzwe, ushobora kumenya neza ko uwo muntu akunze umurimo, akorana neza n’abandi, afite ubushobozi bwo kuyobora, akemura neza amakimbirane n’ibindi bibazo by’ingenzi, ibyo bigatuma umenya ko akwiye ubuyobozi mugihe agaragaza ibiranga ubuyobozi bwiza.

Gira ubwenge buva ku Mana Bibiliya itubwira ko kugira ubwenge buva ku Mana ari impano ya ngombwa niba tuzaba abayobozi bakomeye. Urugero:

Yosefu yari yahawe ubwenge, iki ni ikintu gikomeye cyatumye aba umutware muri Egiputa (Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:10).

Luka atubwira ko Yesu yakuze agwiza ubwenge n’imbaraga (2:52). Igihe Yesu yatangiraga imirimo ye, abantu bo mu midugudu y’iwabo batangazwaga n’ubwenge bwe bakibaza aho yabukuye. (Matayo 13:54).

Ubwenge ni kimwe mubyo abatoranijwe kuba abadiyakoni ba mbere basabwe kuba bujuje nk’uko tubisoma mu Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:3.

Ibyakoraga mugihe cy’itorero rya mbere twizera ko aribyo bigisabwa no muri kino gihe. Inararibonye ryanjye rinyereka ko hariho abashumba bamwe bafata ibyemezo by’ubupfu usanga bikururira itorero ingorane, kandi byari ibintu byashobokaga kwirindwa niba baba barashoboye gushishoza neza igihe cyo gufata ibyemezo. Yakobo atubwira ko niba tubuze ubwenge tubusaba Imana. Yakobo 1:5, Ariko niba hariho umuntu muri mwe ubuze ubwenge, abusabe Imana iha abantu bose itimana, itishāma kandi azabuhabwa. 3.5. Ntuhe ubuyobozi abantu b’inkoma mashyi Umuntu w’inkoma mashyi (ndiyo bwana) ni umuntu buri gihe uzemera atanabajije icyo umuyobozi avuze cyose. Uwo nta na rimwe yavuga cyangwa ngo akore ikinyuranije n’icyo umuyobozi ashaka kumva. Ibi nta muntu numwe byafasha harimo n’umuyobozi ubwe. Reka mvuge ibintu bibiri kuri ibi.

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Icyambere ni uko wifuza abantu bemera tewologiya, iyerekwa, ndetse na gahunda by’itorero. Urugero, niba utekereza ko impano zose z’Umwuka zigikora uyu munsi, ntabwo wakwifuza umuntu mu itsinda ry’ubuyobozi bwawe uvuga ko impano zarangiranye n’igihe cy’intumwa, ko itorero ridakwiriye kwirirwa ritegereje ko hari n’imwe mu mpano z’Umwuka yakongera gukora muri kino gihe cyacu. Ikigeretse kuri ibi, niba wizera ko itorero rikwiriye kuvuga ubutumwa muburyo bw’iki gihe ariko ridahinduye ubutumwa bwiza, harimo nk’urugero injyana y’umuzika , n’uburyo bwo gukora amateraniro bijyanye n’igihe kigezweho, ni ngombwa ko utashaka mu itsinda ryawe umuyobozi utsimbarara ku buryo bw’ubuyobozi, ubuzima kuramya no gusenga byo muburyo bw’abasogokuru. Niba abantu nkabo batsimbarara ku bya kera ntibave ku izima bari mu itsinda ryawe, uzikururira amakimbirane y’ubusa kandi ugukura kw’itorero ryanyu kuzacumbagira. Niba wizera ko kimwe mubiranga itorero kandi bizarikuza ari ugusenga, wari ukwiye kwigwizaho abayobozi b’umwuka bemera gusengesha umwuka muburyo bwose bwo gusenga. Ibinyuranye n’ibi bizagutera umuruho no guhorana imanza k’umutima.

Ariko kandi, mugihe ushaka abantu bemera imyizerere, icyerekezo n’umurongo ngenderwaho w’itorero, ushaka ko bakwiyumvamo umudendezo wo gutanga ibitekerezo byubaka. Urugero, “Mushumba, ndibaza ko icyo gitekerezo atari cyo kiza kurusha ibindi mubyadufasha kugera ku ntego zacu kubera iki n’iki na kiriya.” Cyangwa “Mushumba, jye nsa nuwifashe kubyo turi gukora kuko abantu bamwe bashobora kubitekereza nkaho dukoresha amafranga nabi. Nagira ngo ntange igitekerezo ko ahubwo twakora iki n’iki na kiriya.” Twiringirako ibiganiro n’ibitekerezo nk’ibi bitanzwe mu mwuka w’ubumwe n’urukundo muburyo bwubaka bishobora kwitabwaho hagafatwa ibindi byemezo birashe ku ntego kurushaho.

Ntabwo wakwifuza kugera ubwo bamwe mubayobozi mufatanije bakumva batabohokeye kukubwira ko batemeranya n’igitekerezo watanze cyane cyane iyo umwuka abayoboye kukindi gitekerezo kiza kurushaho. Ntuzishimire abayobozi mukorana ntibigere bazana ibitekerezo bishya cyangwa birushaho kugorora cyangwa bihinyuza ibyo watanze. Nzi abashumba bari barubatse umwuka mu ma matorero yabo aho umuntu uwo ari wese ugerageza kuvuga ikintu kinyuranye n’igitekerezo cyabo afatwa nk’umwanzi w’iyerekwa ry’itorero. Imbere turaza kuvuga kuburyo umuyobozi akeneye kumva inama no kuzisesengura ariko abantu bari mu itsinda ry’ubuyobozi bazatanga ibitekerezo byubaka mugihe biyumvamo ko umuyobozi yiteguye kwakira ibitekerezo byabo atabafashe nk’abagambanyi bamurwanya. Tony Blair yranditse ngo “Nkunda …(ashaka kuvuga abantu bakomeye bakorana umurimo) cyane kuko nzi ko batagira ubwoba bwo kumbwira ibyo batekereza. Ibi ntibishatse kuvuga ko batanyubaha…, ahubwo bavuga ikibari k’umutima cyafasha umurimo w’Imana. Ibyo bavuze ndabyakira, hanyuma ngasesengura ngatoramo inama zubaka kandi nkazigirira ikizere.”8

3.6 Umwifato wo murwego rwo hejuru kubahawe inshingano ziremereye Tugomba kwemeranya ko uko umuntu tumuhaye inshingano ziremereye, niko tumwifuzaho umwifato mwiza wo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Dushaka ko umushumba yaba umuntu w’Imana cyane kurusha uko tubishaka k’umuntu ushinzwe umutekano m’urusengero no k’urusengero. Umwifato dushaka k’umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe (umuvugizi cyangwa perezida) siwo dukeneye k’umuyobozi uyobora icyumba cy’amasengesho. Uko inshingano ziremereye niko hakenerwa gusa na Kristo kurushaho mu mikorere kandi niko hakenewe ubushobozi bwinshi kurushaho. Iyo dushyira abantu mu myanya y’ubuyobozi ibi bikwiriye kwitabwaho. Ariko nabwo ntabwo twategereza umwizera mushya ngo abanze agaragaze ugukura muburyo bw’umwuka mbere y’uko tubinjiza m’ubuzima bw’itorero. Hari imirimo imwe n’imwe batangira gukora mu itorero nko mu murimo w’abana, kwakira abashyitsi, kuramya no guhimbaza, kuririmba, n’indi mirimo mito mito bahabwa nyuma yo kwemerwa mu itorero. Ariko mugihe dushaka umuyobozi wo kuyobora ayo matsinda twashaka umuntu ukuze muby’Imana, ugaragaza ubuhamya bwa gikristo kurusha ubwo dukeneye kubagize iryo tsinda. Ni kimwe n’igihe dushaka gushyiraho umushumba, icyo gihe dukenera umuntu ufite intera ndende muby’Imana, ugaragaza gukura m’umwuka, ufite imico itunganye gusumba undi muntu uwo ariwe wese mu itorero.

8 Blair, A Journey, 114

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Nizera ko uko inshingano duha umuntu zirushaho kuremera niko twifuza ko imiterere ye yarushaho gutera imbere kandi ni nako azakenerwa kugenzurwa cyane umwifato we niba yitwara neza cyangwa nabi. Dushobora kwemera abizera bashya uko bari hanyuma tugatangira kubinjiza m’ubuzima n’imirimo by’itorero, kuko uku niko Imana itwemera, ariko tukabasaba gukomeza gahunda ituma bakura mu mico n’imigenzo bya gikristo ndetse no kugwiza ubushobozi n’ubuhanga muby’ubuyobozi mugihe cyane cyane bashyirwa mu mu myanya y’ubuyobozi. 3.7 Ntuzahe abantu inshingano z’uburyo bwinshi vuba vuba Paulo aduha inama nziza muri 1 Timoteyo 3:6 zirekeranye n’umushumba n’abayobozi bose muri rusange. Ntakwiye kuba uhindutse Umukristo vuba, kugirango atikakaza abagwa, agacirwaho iteka Satani yaciriweho. Iri hame rikoreshwa m’ubuyobozi ubwo aribwo bwose. Mugihe twakwinjiza abakristo bashya mu mirimo imwe n’imwe nyuma gato y’uko bakijijwe, tugomba kwirinda kubaha imirimo myinshi vuba. Bakeneye kubanza gukura m’uburyo bw’umwuka kugera kurugero runaka mbere y’uko bashingwa umwanya w’ubuyobozi no guhangana n’ibibazo bibamo. Uko inshingano y’ubuyobozi ifite intera ndende niko uyihabwa akwiriye kuba akuze muby’umwuka kurwego rwisumbuye. Ibi birakora no kubantu baza baturutse muyandi matorero. Witondere cyane abantu baje basohotse muyandi matorero. Ni iyihe mpamvu ibateye gusohoka mu itorero ryabo bakaza iwawe? Yenda bari bafashwe nabi muyandi matorero none bagufasha umurimo ariko bashobora kuba ari abihimbaza bakurura ibibazo n’intambara aho bagiye hose. Fata umwanya uhagije wo kubagenzura. Abantu bakuze muby’Imana bazashima ko ubagenzura kandi bazabikubahira ndetse bagufashe kubikora muburyo bukwiye. 3.8 Tanga imirimo kubandi kandi ubarekurire ububasha bujyana n’umurimo bahawe Noneho Mose afite inzego z’ubuyobozi nyazo kandi afite abantu bakwiye bari mu myanya itandukanye, yagombaga rero kubaha imirimo kandi akabarekurira ububasha bukenewe bwo gukora iyo mirimo. Iki ni igice cy’inama Yetiro yamuhaye, kandi ni igice kirushya abashumba benshi kugishyira mu bikorwa. Reba inama za Yetiro, Kandi utoranye mu bantu bose abashoboye umurimo ubucamanza, bubaha Imana n’inyangamugayo, banga impongano. Ubahe ubutware bamwe batware igihumbi igihumbi, abandi ijana ijana, abandi mirongo itanu itanu, abandi icumi icumi. Bajye bacira abantu imanza ibihe byose kandi urubanza rukomeye rwose bajye barukuzanira, ariko urubanza rworoheje abe aribo baruca. Imirongo ikurikiraho itwereka ko Mose yashyize mu bikorwa inama za Yetiro, atoranya abantu abaha ubucamanza. Hamwe n’umurimo wo guca imanza yabahaye n’ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo ubwabo, batagombeye kuza kuri we kubaza ko abyemeye kugirango babone gukomeza. Gukora ikintu nk’icyo byari kurushaho gushyira ibintu iwandabaga gusumbya n’uko byari bimeze mbere. Mose yagombaga guha ububasha abo yahaye imirimo. Mose yasigaye aca imanza zananiranye kandi areberera ubwoko bwose nk’umuyobozi mukuru, ariko imanza n’ibibazo bito bito yabirekeye itsinda yari yashyizeho. Tekereza ibikwerekeye. Ni iyihe mirimo ukeneye kurekurira abandi bakagufasha? Ni mukugira inama abantu, kuyobora amateraniro, ubuyobozi bw’urubyiruko, cyangwa gutunganya gahunda z’itorero? Ese ugerageza gufata icyumweru cyose cyo kwigisha Bibiliya no gusenga kugirango ubone uko ugenzura ibyo abayobozi b’amatsinda yo mu ngo bigisha? Nabajijwe ikibazo ngo:“Ese bigenda bite iyo uri mu itorero rito abantu bose ari abakene kandi badafite inararibonye m’ubuyobozi? Bigenda bite niba abantu uyoboye ntawigeze agira inararibonye mubyo kuyobora? Inama yanjye ni ugutangiza ikintu gito cyane. Urugero, niba mugira amateraniro yo gusenga yo hagati mu cyumweru uwo muntu wamuha kuvuga ijambo ritangiza amateraniro, cyngwa kumuha kuyobora iteraniro ryo hagati mu cyumweru ariko wabanza guhura nawe ukamubwira ibikurikizwa, yenda hatangira indirimbo eshatu n’isengesho ritangiza iteraniro. Ukamwerekera uko bahitamo indirimbo, uko bayitangiza, n’uko basoza umwanya wo kuramya no guhimbaza. Bahe ububasha bagende batoranye indirimbo ariko mbere y’uko azajya kuyobora muzabanze mubonane urebe ko indirimbo zatoranijwe zikwiye. Nyuma y’amateraniro nabwo

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muzabonane umubwire ibyo yakoze neza, n’ibyo akeneye kurushaho kunoza, umwereke n’uburyo bwo kubinoza. Nibyiza kubwira umuntu ibyo yakoze neza kuko ashobora kutamenya ibyagenze neza n’ibitagenze neza. Bashobora kuba ibyo bakoze neza byabaye kubw’amahirwe kuburyo batizeye ko byari byiza. Niba uwo muntu amaze kumenyera ibyo kuyobora iteraniro ryo hagati mu cyumweru ushobora kumuha ikindi kintu kuri gahunda y’amateraniro buhoro buhoro umurekurira ububasha kugeza igihe azayobora gahunda yose y’iteraniro. 3.9 Bwira abantu ibyo basabwa gukora Igihe duha abantu imirimo tugomba kubabwira ibyo twifuza ko bakora muri yo. Dusome Kuva 18 :24-26, Mose yumvira sebukwe, akora ibyo yamubwiye byose.’ Atoranya mu Bisirayeli bose abashoboye ubucamanza abaha gutwara abantu, bamwe ngo batware igihumbi igihumbi, abandi ngo batware ijana ijana, abandi ngo batware mirongo itanu itanu, abandi ngo batware icumi icumi. Bakajya bacira abantu imanza ibihe byose, imanza zikomeye bazizaniraga Mose, ariko izoroheje zose bakazica ubwabo. Abayobozi babwiwe icyo babifuzaho; bagombaga guca imanza zoroheje mugihe izikomeye zazamurwaga mu nzego zo hejuru zikazagera kuri Mose. Ntabwo twabwiwe amabwiriza yose Mose yahaye abayobozi ariko birumvikana ko uyobora cumi iyo yabonaga urubanza rukomeye yarwohererezaga uyobora mirongo itanu bityo bityo. Reba n’ubundi Kuva 18 :20, Kandi ujye ubigisha amategeko yayo n’ibyo yategetse, ujye ubereka inzira bakwiriye gucamo n’imirimo bakwiriye gukora. Hano tubona ko Mose atagombaga kwigisha abantu amategeko y’ Imana gusa ahubwo yagomba no kubereka imirimo bakwiye gukora. Abantu bari batorewe ubuyobozi ntabwo bari bazi gusa ibyo bagomba gukora ahubwo beretswe n’uburyo bwo kubikora. Tuzavuga inyungu zo gutoza abayobozi bacu mugihe kiri imbere gusa hano ndashaka gutsindagira ko ari ngombwa kubwira abantu icyo bagomba gukora n’icyo basabwa. Bagomba kumenyeshwa ububasha bafite naho bugarukira, bakamenya ibyemezo bashobora gufata ubwabo bidasabye kujya kubaza ababakuriye. Inararibonye mfite muby’imikorere yo mu isi ni uko, uko abantu bakurikirana munzego z’ubuyobozi ariko basumbanwa m’ububasha. Ibi turaza kubivugaho muburyo bwimbitse igihe tuzaba tuvuga uburyo bwo gufata ibyemezo utarengereye ububasha bwawe. Reka tugaruke kuri cya gitekerezo cyo kubwira abantu ibyo basabwa gukora. Reka tuvuge ko ufite umugambi wo gutangiza amatsinda mato yo mu ngo aho kugira amateraniro amara icyumweru cyose k’urusengero. Abantu batoranijwe kuyobora amatsinda bagomba kubwirwa icyo basabwa gukora muri yo.

Ese hari igihe gihuriweho cyo gutangiza no gusoza ibiganiro mu itsinda cyangwa buri tsinda ryemerewe kwishyiriraho igihe n’umunsi bibanogeye ?

Ese hari gahunda bagomba gukurikiza cyangwa bafite umudendezo wo gukora gahunda yabo ubwabo?

Ese hari insanganyamatsiko ihuriweho mu matsinda yose yo kuganiraho uko bateranye cyangwa buri tsinda rifite uburenganzira bwo kwitoraniriza insanganyamatsiko ?

Hari ikindi basabwa ? Ese basabwa gukora ubujyanama kuri buri wese wo mu itsinda ? Ese basabwa gutanga raporo y’ibyakozwe buri cyumweru?

Imirimo izagenda neza cyane niba abantu bazi buri wese icyo asabwa gukora. 3.10 Uhe abayobozi bawe uburenganzira bwo gufata ibyemezo batarenze imbibi z’ubushobozi bwabo Iyo urekuriye umuntu umwe mu mirimo ugomba no kumurekera ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo bijyanye nawo ariko bitarenze imbibi washyizeho. Ugomba kugumana ubugenzuzi muri rusange kugirango umenye ko umurimo ukiri gukora hakurikijwe iyerekwa n’icyerekezo cyawe ariko ugomba guha ubushobozi abantu ngo bafate imyanzuro naho itaba ihuye neza neza niyo wowe wazaga gufata.

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Iyo uhaye abantu inshingano ariko ntubarekurire uburenganzira bwo gufata ibyemezo bijyanye n’ububasha bahawe, ibintu bizabera urusobe abakorera munsi yawe. Ukutumvikana kuzazamuka kugeza aho bananirwa baguhunge bigire ahandi. Umva neza iyi nkuru. Umugabo umwe yambwiye ukuntu yari akandamijwe n’umushumba umwe w’itorero ry’aho yasengeraga, aho uwo mushumba yakoraga buri kintu cyose wenyine. Yansobanuriye ukuntu yatangiye gufasha m’umurimo wo gutegura urusengero mbere y’amateraniro yo ku cyumweru hanyuma yari yarangije gushyira buri kintu mu mwanya wacyo mugihe wa mushumba yinjiraga aramusanga, maze amubwira ko akameza gato k’imbere gateretswe ahatari mu mwanya wako neza. Nuko uwo mushumba aterura ka kameza akegezayo nka cm 30 werekeye iburyo. Arangije arakitegereza, aravuga ati:’ Oya, gakeneye kugaruka inyuma ho cm 15.” Nibwo yongeraga arakimura, maze arongera arakitegereza, aravuga ati, “Aha naho ntabwo ariho neza, gakeneye kuza hano.” Nibwo yongeraga aragasunika inyuma maze kagaruka aho neza neza w’amugabo yari yagateretse mbere. Urebye uwo mushumba ntacyo yahinduye kucyo wa mugabo yari yakoze. Ndizera ko utangazwa nuko uru rugo rwaje kurambirwa niyo mikorere maze bakimukira mu irindi torero ryari muri ako gace. Iyi nkuru ni urugero rukomeye kuko yerekana ko ikibazo cyo gutanga umurimo kubandi ntacyo bihuriyeho naho akameza kari gateretse; ikibazo ni uko umushumba n’ubwo yatanze umurimo ariko ashaka kugenzura buri kantu kose ko kakozwe nk’uko ashaka nkaho ariwe wabyikoreye, naho kwaba ari ukuzungazunza ameza nyuma akagaruka aho uwa mbere yari yayateretse ariko umushumba nawe akozeho! Niki cyari gukorwa? Ntekereza icyari kuba kiza nuko umushumba yagomba guhamagara uwo wari washinzwe gutegura urusengero niba bishoboka agahamagara n’itsinda ryose ry’ubuyobozi, bose bakarebera hamwe uko urusengero rwategurwa neza (aha nizera ko iyi nyubako yakoreshwaga nk’urusengero ariko hagati mu cyumweru hagakorerwamo indi mirimo, kubw’ibyo nyuma ya buri teraniro byasabaga kwimura buri kintu cyose cy’urusengero hanyuma bikazagaruka gutengwa neza bushya ku kindi cyumweru). Yari kuba yarerekanye icyerekezo intebe z’urusengero zatondekwamo, ahajya intebe z’abayobozi, yenda intebe zigatondekwa k’uruziga cyangwa mu matsinda y’intebe umunani umunani cyangwa ubundi buryo yifuza. Muri ubu buryo umushumba aba yarinjiye m’urusengero afite igitekerezo m’umutwe cy’uko urusengero ruteguwe kandi akaba ari ikintu cyumvikanyweho n’itsinda ryose ry’ubuyobozi. Kuba umuyobozi w’itsinda n’abo bakorana bafatira hamwe ibyemezo bituma buri wese yumva afite uruhare m’umurimo w’Imana uri gukorwa, aho gukorana nk’abari mu mukino w’igisoro. Iyo uwo mushumba aba yarakoze nk’ibyo tuvuze haruguru, yari gusiga rya tsinda rishinzwe gutegura urusengero rigakora umurimo waryo aho kuza kuwisukamo. Nibaza ko ntacyo byaba bitwaye yewe nta nubwo byagaragara cyane niba ameza ateretswe cm 30 hirya gato yaho yagombaga kuba ateretswe. Uwayaharekera ntacyo byaba byangije. Niba hari harashyizweho umuntu ushinzwe gutegura urusengero, umushumba akabona ko hari icyo atatunganije neza, ntabwo byari byiza ku mukosorera muruhame rwa bose, yagombaga kuvugana nawe biherereye. Undi muntu yambwiye inkuru isa niyi nyuma y’ukwezi mbwiwe iyi twavuze haruguru. Bambwiye ukuntu bimukiye ahantu hashyashya, batangira kujya guteranira mu itorero ryari rimaze iminsi rihawe umushumba mushya ufite impano zidasanzwe. Urebye neza uyu mugabo yari afite impano ikomeye yo kuyobora amateraniro, yari umubwiriza mwiza kandi yari umushumba wita ku bantu cyane. Kubw’imbuto z’ibi, abantu benshi batangiye kuza muri iri torero, riraguka cyane rigera ubwo risumba andi yo mu ishyirahamwe ryarimo ku rwego rw’igihugu. Nubwo wa mushumba yari afite impano nyinshi ntabwo yari umuyobozi mwiza kuburyo yashakaga ko buri kintu cyose gikorwa muburyo we ashaka gusa. Yigiraga nyiranzibyose, kuburyo yatekerezaga ko ntawundi muntu wakora ikintu neza kugera k’urugero we yagikoraho. Igihe cyose intebe z’urusengero zabaga zamaze gutegurwa bitegura iteraniro ryo ku cyumweru, yarinjiraga akongera kuzitegura bushyashya, akagenda akora ku ntebe z’abayobozi asa nuzinyeganyeza azitsindagira, mbese yerekana ko zateguwe kuburyo butamunogeye.

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Ibintu byakomeje kubabaza abashinzwe umuteguro w’urusengero (abadiyakoni) kugeza aho bateguraga intebe nabi k’ubushake kuko bari bazi ko n’ubundi ntakabuza ko naza aza kuzisubiramo. Bambwiye rero ko itorero rye ritaje gukomeza gukura ahubwo ryatangiye gutakaza abantu kugeza ubwo ryasigayemo abantu makumyabiri. Iyo uyu muyobozi w’umunyempano aza kumenya ibanga ryo guha abandi ububasha bwo gukora imirimo imwe n’imwe, akabaha n’umudendezo wo gufata ibyemezo ataje kugenzura buri kintu cyose, ndahamya ko itorero rye ryari gukomeza gukura muburyo budasanzwe kandi bwiza. Ntabwo nshaka kuvuga kuri iki kintu nonaha ariko ni iby’igiciro cyane ko twibuka “gushimira muruhame ariko tugakosorera ahiherereye.” Mu 1 Abatesalonike 5:11 Paulo aratubwira ati, ‘’Ni uko rero muhumurizanye kandi muhugurane nk’uko musanzwe mubikora.” Urugero, niba umuntu yakoze cyane ategura ikintu mushimire muruhame mugihe gikwiriye cyangwa niba itsinda ry’abantu ryarakoze cyane gutegura inyubako runaka k’ubw’igikorwa cyari gukorerwamo aha uzakoreshe uko ushoboye ubashimire imbere y’iteraniro. Ubikorane ubwenge kandi ntukabye kubikora, kuko sibyiza gutuma bifatwa nk’umukino ariko n’ibintu byigiciro cyane gushimira umuntu imbere y’abandi. Ariko ntuzigere ukosorera umuntu cyangwa itsinda ry’abantu m’uruhame rwa benshi kuko bibatera ikintu k’ipfunwe rero ntabwo ari byiza namba. Igituma dukosora umuntu ni ukugirango azarusheho gukora neza ubutaha, ibi rero bikorwa neza uri kumwe n’umuntu ku giti cye mwiherereye gusumba kumusuzuguza imbere y’abantu. 3.11 Shyiraho imbibi ntarengwa Navuze haruguru ko iyo uhaye umuntu inshingano umuha n’ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo bitarengereye imbibi washyizeho. Reka noneho tuvuge kubyerekeye gushyiraho imbibi ntarengwa. Izo mbibi zirangwa n’ibintu byinshi bitandukanye ariko reka hano mvuge ibintu bitanu gusa.

Urutonde rw’imirimo umuntu ahawe gukora. Ibi bifasha uhawe umurimo kumenya ibyo agomba gukora. Bifasha gusobanukirwa ibikubiye m’umurimo ndetse n’ububasha uhabwa n’umwanya uhawe.

Amahame y’ibyizerwa. Amatorero menshi afite amahame y’ibyizerwa yanditswe ku mpapuro kandi ibi bishobora gusunika imikorere y’umuntu muburyo bwinshi. Nk’urugero, itorero ryizera kubatiza abamaze kwizera gusa ntabwo ryaha uburenganzira umuyobozi w’itsinda kubatiza uruhinja rw’inshuti ye mu gihe cy’amateraniro yo mu ngo. Kimwe n’ibyo ntabwo amatorero yizera ko iby’impano z’Umwuka byarangiranye n’igihe k’intumwa ntiyakwemera umuyobozi w’itsinda wemerera abantu be kuvuga mu ndimi nyinshi. Kumenya ibyizerwa by’itorero ukoreramo bifasha abantu gukora bazi imbibi badakwiriye kurenga.

Indangagaciro z’itorero n’umurongo wibitekerezo ngenderwaho. Ibi kenshi usanga ntaho byanditswe, nyamara ni iby’ingenzi. Reka dutange urugero dufatiye ku cyaha.

Amatorero amwe yemera ko icyaha ari ikintu kibi ariko ntabwo babihoza mukanwa babibwirizaho ahubwo bashimangira ubugwaneza bw’Imana mu byigisho byabo, kuko badashaka gusitaza abatarizera bashaka kumenya ukuri.

Abandi barimo nanjye, bigisha ko icyaha ari kibi kandi kirimbura ariko dushaka gushimangira k’ubugwaneza n’imbaraga z’Imana zifasha abantu guhinduka. Bashobora kuvuga ko gukomeza kubwiriza abantu ku cyaha ntabwo bizana ihinduka ahubwo bituma abantu bashaka gucumura kurushaho (reba Abaroma 7). Icyo dusabwa gukora ni ugutangira duhamagarira abantu kwicuza ibyaha hanyuma tugashimangira ihinduka ryo mu mutima rikorwa n’Umwuka Wera n’ubuntu bw’Imana m’umutima w’uwizeye.

Abandi bizera ko kubw’uko icyaha gitera isoni umuntu wese (Imigani 14:34), kubw’ibyo itorero rigomba guhora ricyamagana. Iri torero rigomba kwibona buri gihe ribwiriza ryamagana ibyaha by’ubwoko bwose kugirango abantu bahunge urubanza rw’Imana.

Niba waba ufite kwizera nkukwanjye ku myumvire yibyerekeye icyaha, ntabwo waha ubuyobozi bw’itsinda ryo mu ngo umuntu wumva ko tugomba guhora twamagana ibyaha byo mu miryango yacu. Ibi byaba binyuranye n’ubusobanuro uha Urwandiko rw’ Abaroma kandi binyuranye n’uburyo wizera ko abantu bahindukamo. M’urundi ruhande, niba wizera nk’uko nizera ntabwo

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wakwemera abayobozi b’amatsinda ateranira mu ngo ko batigera na busa bavuga k’ububi bw’icyaha. Uko abantu bumva indangagaciro n’imirongo ngenderwaho y’itorero niko bazarushaho kumva imbibi zishyirwaho kurinda ubusugire bw’itorero. Uko abantu bagenda basobanukirwa niko uzarushaho kugenda ubaha umudendezo wo gufata ibyemezo kuko wizeye ko bagendera muri cya cyerekezo itorero ryihaye.

Intego n’icyerekezo by’itorero. Nasanze bifasha cyane gutegura intego n’imigambi y’umwaka wose, haba ku itorero muri rusange ndetse no kuri buri gahunda ikorera mu itorero. Niba abayobozi basobanukiwe neza intego n’imigambi by’itorero muri uyu mwaka nabo bazafata ibyemezo bitanyuranya na gahunda z’itorero. Urugero; reka tuvuge ko muri uyu mwaka mwafashe umugambi wo kwagura urusengero kugirango mushobore kwakira abantu bose baza gusenga ku cyumweru. Niba abayobozi bose bazi ibi bizaborohera cyane kubyumvikanisha gusumba ko batangira kurwanya icyo cyerekezo bavuga ko itorero ridakeneye inyubako nshya ahubwo abantu bajya basengera mu matsinda yo mu ngo.

Reka nse nuhindura gato maze nkubwire icyo wakora nk’umushumba igihe wakumva ko umwe mubayobozi b’itsinda muyoborana yigishije ko itorero ryanyu ridakeneye kugura indi sambu no kwagura urusengero ko gusengera mu ngo bihagije kuko itorero rya mbere ariko ryakoraga kandi ko ntanyubako ryari rifite. Mungendo zanjye muri Afurika nigeze kubaza iki kibazo, umwe wo mubashumba aransubiza ati:” namusaba kuza kundeba hanyuma nkamusaba kwihana agahindura ibyo yakoraga cyangwa nka muca murusengero rwanjye. Hari ikintu gikomeye cy’ukuri mubyo uyu mushumba yasubije ariko kandi ntabwo nakwihutira kumutera ubwoba muca m’urusengero ako kanya. Zirikana ko uwo mushumba yasubije ko yamuhamagara bakabonana n’uwo muyobozi mu ibanga bonyine. Iki ni kiza cyane ibuka yamvugo ngo “shimira m’uruhame rwa benshi ariko ukosorere mu ibanga.” Ikigeretse kuri ibi, niba uwo muyobozi yaba yigisha k’ubushake ko itorero ridakwiye kubaka indi nyubako y’urusengero ahubwo bagateranira mu ngo iwabo, kandi akaba azi neza ko ibi binyuranye n’intego z’itorero n’imigambi yaryo, kuri jye namuhagarika k’umwanya w’ubuyobozi bw’itsinda. Ntabwo wagira umuyobozi urwanya k’ubushake imigambi mwihaye mu itorero ngo utekereze ko muzatera imbere. Ariko ntabwo nakwihutira ku mukuraho huti huti. Hari ibyo nabanza gukora mugihe nahuye nawe twiherereye. Nk’urugero:

Nabanza kugenzura ko ibyo numvise koko ari ukuri. Kuba umuntu akubwiye ibintu byerekeye undi ntabwo bivuga ko ibyo uwo avuga ari ukuri byanze bikunze. Impuha akenshi zirasenya. Abantu bamwe bakunda kumva amabwire ndetse n’abizera bakunda kugendana amagambo maze bakayakwirakwiza. Nzagerageza gushaka igisubizo kiva kuri uwo muyobozi ngerageza kumubaza nti, “Yohana Cyangwa irindi zina iryo ariryo ryose rye, wumva cyangwa ubona ute intego z’itorero zo kugura ikibanza kugirango twagure urusengero kubw’abaterana ku cyumweru?” Ntabwo namuhingukiriza ko hari abambwiye ko yigisha ibinyuranye n’uwo mugambi mu matsinda yo mu ngo, mbere y’uko numva ikimuvamo.

Mugihe gishize naganiraga na zimwe mu nshuti zanjye bambwira umugore bari bazi wasohotse mu itorero nyuma yaho umushumba yamutumiraga mu biro bye hanyuma akamuhagarika k’ubuyobozi akurikije amagambo yari yamwumviseho. Niba ibyo yari yabwiwe byari ukuri uwo mugore yagombaga gushyirwa mubihano by’itorero, ikibabaje ni uko ibyo umushumba yari yabwiwe bitari ukuri. Byari ibihuha bidafite ishingiro kuburyo uwo mugore yari umwere ijana ku ijana. Iyo umushumba agifata akanya ko kugenzura ibyo bihuha mbere y’uko abifata nk’ukuri ingaruka mbi zabonetse kuri bose byarebaga ntabwo zari kuhaba.

Iyo yemera ko ajya yigisha ko itorero ridakeneye kubaka urusengero rushya nashoboraga kumubaza impamvu akora ibyo azi neza ko itorero ryabishyize mu igenamigambi yaryo. Byashoboka ko yenda atabonaga ingaruka ibyo avuga bizana mubanyetorero, hanyuma

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akaba yiteguye guhindura iyo mvugo ye. Cyangwa yumvise nabi inyigisho z’itorero ryo mugihe cy’Isezerano Rishya, akaba yiteguye guhindura mugihe amaze gusobanurirwa impamvu itorero ryafashe umugambi wo kubaka urusengero rushya.

Ariko, niba yakomeza gutsimbarara kuvuga ko itorero ridakwiye kubaka urundi rusengero kandi akaba akomeza kurwanya uwo mugambi, nta kindi wakora kutari ukumuhagarika k’umwanya w’ubuyobozi yari afite.

Impamvu dukora ibintu muri ubu buryo. Ikindi kintu kidufasha gushyiraho imbibi z’ububasha bw’ubuyobozi kijyana n’ikibazo kibaza ngo « Kuki dukora ibintu muri ubu buryo ? » Ibyo dukora si ikibazo ahubwo ikibazo ni ‘’Kuki tubikora ?’’ Uko abantu bacu barushaho gusobanukirwa impamvu dukora ibintu bizaduha ikizere ko imyanzuro bazafata itazarenga imbibi bahawe. Kubwira abantu ‘icyo gukora’ utababwiye ‘impamvu gikorwa’ ni byiza igihe ibintu byaba bigenda neza nk’uko byateguwe ariko niba hari ikigomba guhinduka kandi umuyobozi akaba agomba gufata icyemezo cy’ikigomba gukurikiraho gikorwa, bashobora gufata icyemezo kiza mugihe bari bazi impamvu dukora ibintu muri ubu buryo.

Ndibuka igihe kimwe njya impaka n’itsinda ry’abashumba b’Abanyafurika hanyuma nkoresha uburyo bahitamo indirimbo nk’urugero. Mbabwira ko abayobozi mu matorero yabo bakeneye kumenya impamvu baririmba indirimbo zazanywe n’abamisiyoneri ku minsi imwe n’imwe ibindi bihe bakaririmba injyana ya kinyafurika. (Bari bafite ibihe bizwi baririmba indirimbo zo mu bitabo « z’abamisiyoneri », n’ibindi bihe baririmba gusa indirimbo z’injyana gakondo). Navuze ibyo kubereka ko iyaba abayobozi bo mu matorero yabo basobanukiwe impamvu hari ibihe baririmba indirimbo zifite injyana nyafurika byari kugabanya gutoranya indirimbo zitaberanye n’igihe. Impaka zakurikiye ariyo mahirwe n’inyungu y’ikiganiro ni uko byagaragaye ko abo bashumba batumvaga impamvu bakoraga ibyo bakoraga. Ni ibintu buri gihe bifasha igihe ubajije, ‘’kuki dukora ibintu muri ubu buryo ?’’ Iyo uzi impamvu ukora ibintu birakorohera kubisobanurira abantu no kubasunikira kubikora nabo. Iyo uzi « kuki ?» kandi ugashobora kuyisobanurira abantu bawe, bizoroha cyane gushyiraho imbibi ntarengwa bityo bigafasha abantu kwongererwa ubushobozi ngo bakore ibirenze ibyo bamenyereye.

Urufunguzo rukomeye muri ibi byose ni « ukuvugana n’abantu », vugana n’abantu ndetse ongera uvugane nabo (tanga amakuru). Ibi ntibikwiye gutindwaho, ariko bifite akamaro gakomeye cyane kuganira kenshi n’abantu iyerekwa ryawe, uko ubona itorero mu mwaka umwe, ibiri, itatu, itanu iri imbere. Ni ikintu kingenzi rero ko utabwira abantu ibyo ushaka kugeraho gusa, ahubwo ni ngombwa kubabwira n’impamvu bagiye kubikora muri ubu buryo. Iyo abantu basobajukiwe neza impamvu bakora ibintu runaka, bizaborohera cyane gufata ibyemezo biboneye kandi bitarengereye imbibi z’ububasha bafite. 3.12 Gumana ubugenzuzi rusange Nk’umushumba ukaba n’umuyobozi ugomba kugumana inshingano y’ubugenzuzi bw’umurimo wose muri rusange n’ubwo watanze imirimo n’ububasha kubandi bantu. Ntugomba guha umuntu icyo akora hanyuma ngo uterere iyo cyangwa umutererane. Ugomba kumenya neza ko umurimo watanze wakozwe neza hakurikijwe iyerekwa n’umurongo ngenderwaho by’itorero. Muri Kuva 18 :19-20, n’ubwo Mose yagombaga guha abandi bantu umurimo w’o guca imanza ziciriritse yagombaga kugumana ubugenzuzi bukuru kandi akajya aca imanza zikomeye. Hamwe n’ibi yahawe kandi inshingano zo kwigisha abacamanza bashya amahame n’amategeko, no kubereka uburyo bagomba kwitwara ndetse n’ibikubiye mu murimo wabo. Gutanga zimwe mu inshingano kubandi bantu ukabaha n’ububasha bujyanye nazo ni ingirakamaro mu buyobozi ubwo aribwo bwose bushaka guteza imbere umurimo cyangwa umugambi uwo ariwo wose. Nizera ko rumwe mu mfunguzo zo gushobora gutanga inshingano kubandi bantu hanyuma ugasigarana ubugenzuzi bw’umurimo wose muri rusange ni ukugira umutwaro w’igishushanyo cy’umurimo wose uko ungana. Urugero : ‘’N’iyihe migambi y’iri shyirahamwe ? Ese turi kurasa ku ntego zaryo?’’ Amashami y’imirimo myinshi ikorerwa mu itorero usanga nta ntego zirashe afite

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hanyuma ibintu bigahora bikorwa uko bisanzwe cyangwa ibintu bikarushaho kugenda biba bibi, umurimo ugorana kandi usubira inyuma. Reka mbahe urugero rw’uburyo nakoraga igihe nakoraga mu byerekeye amashanyarazi. Mbere y’uko nshinga urugo nari umuyobozi w’itsinda rishinzwe iby’insinga z’umuriro imwe mu nshingano zanjye kwari ukugenzura iby’amasezerano yabakoresha umuriro n’ubuyobozi bw’iby’amashanyarazi. Nabikoraga ubwanjye. Nyuma gato y’uko nshinze urugo, twimukiye muri Canada, aho nashinzwe kuba umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe iby’ ubugenzuzi bw’amashanyarazi. Ubwo nari mfite itsinda ry’abashinzwe iby’insinga z’umuriro akaba aribo bashinzwe kugenzura ko insinga zidatera ibibazo by’umuriro ariko mu itangira byaranduhije cyane kubarekurira umurimo kuburyo ntagenzura buri kantu gato kose. Numvaga niyemera ko nzi byinshi muri ibyo kuburyo hari ibihe nabonaga uburyo ibintu byari bikwiye gukorwa neza kurushasho ariko nagombaga kwibaza nti,”ese koko uko byakozwe hari icyo bitwaye?” Iyo nabonaga ibyakozwe ntacyo byakonona narabarekaga bagakomeza ntarinze kugira icyo mbabwira ariko iyo nabonaga ko ibyakozwe bishobora kunona umurimo narabibabwiraga. Nize ko nkwiriye kujya nganira nabo uko ibintu bikwiriye gukorwa mbere y’uko batangira no mugihe bageze ahantu h’ingenzi hasaba ubundi buhanga. Ibyo nabikoraga kugira ngo menye neza ko bari gukora ibintu biri mu mbibi z’ibyo twagombaga gukora kandi menye ko igishushanyo mbonera cyashyizweho kiboneye kandi gikurikizwa. Iyo nabaga maze kwizera ko ibiri gukorwa biboneye nabarekeraga ububasha bwo gukomeza. Ibi byabateye kuba abantu bavumbura udushya kandi bagashobora kwifatira imyanzuro w’ibyo bakeneye gukora bya buri munsi bidasabye ko mpora mbahagaze hejuru buri kanya cyangwa buri munsi, ariko nagombaga guhorana ubugenzuzi bukuru bw’ibikorwa muri rusange mubiganza byanjye. Ibi byatumaga nduhuka kandi nkizera ko umushinga uzagera ku ntego neza. Igihe ninjiraga m’umurimo w’ubushumba ngatangira kuyobora itorero, nahisemo gukora ibisa n’ibi mu itorero. Nk’uko nabivuzeho haruguru, muri buri mpera z’umwaka nasabaga buri muyobozi w’itsinda kugena intego no guhiga ibizagerwaho mu mwaka utaha, ibi byatumaga bagira icyerekezo cyo gukurikira. Twafataga igihe cyo kuganira kuri izo ntego n’imigambi kugirango twumve neza ko bijyanye n’iyerekwa n’umurongo ngenderwaho by’itorero kandi ko ari ibintu bishoboka kandi byubaka. Tumaze gukora ibi, nashoboraga kubareka bagakomeza imirimo yabo bizeye ko bari kwerekeza mu cyerekezo nyacyo. Nashyizeho umwanya wo kubonana nabo bayobozi buri wa mbere k’umugoroba, tukaganira iby’umurimo wabo, nkabatera umwete, nkabaha inama zikenewe, nkabaha ubujyanama hanyuma nkamenya amakuru y’umurimo ni ba biri kugenda neza kandi tukamenya neza ko tukiri kwerekeza mu cyerekezo cy’ukuri. Ntabwo nigoraga nshaka kumenya buri kantu kose gakorwa buri munsi, keretse aho namenyaga ko hari ikintu kiri kuvuka gishobora kutuviramo ingaruka mbi. Reka mvuge ahantu hamwe muri hane nagerageje kwitaho.

Kwita k’umukumbi nk’umushumba. Ugomba gukunda abantu bawe niba ushaka ko uzabayobora hakaboneka umusaruro w’igihe kirambye. Ibiganiro by’umuntu umwe k’uwundi bifasha mugutanga ubujyanama bwa gishumba. Iyo abantu barimo guhura n’ibibazo byihariye, haba iwabo mu miryango cyangwa mu kazi umusaruro uzatangira kugabanuka. Iyo ibyo ntakibikozweho, birakura kuburyo bibyara ingorane zikomeye cyane zituma bamwe bava mu mirimo. Tugomba gukunda abantu bacu aho kubafata gusa nk’ibikoresho bidufasha kugera ku migambi yacu. Uko tubitaho tubaha inama bibaha urugero rwiza rutuma nabo bita kubo bayoboye mu matsinda yabo. Abagalatiya 6:2 havuga ngo, “Mwakirane ibibaremerera, kugira ngo abe ariko musohoza amategeko ya Kristo.”

Muganire mumaguru mashya kukibazo cyose kivutse. Ibiganiro by’umuntu umwe k’uwundi bigufasha kuba wabaza uko umurimo uri kugenda no kuba mwaganira ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose bashobora kuba bafite. Abantu ntabwo bihutira kuvuga ibibazo byabo muri rusange rw’abantu kuko baba banga ko bagaragara nk’abadashoboye umurimo cyangwa ko batazi guhangana n’ibibazo. Ariko, iyo bari kumwe n’umuntu bakunda, bubaha kandi bizera, biyumvamo umutekano n’amahoro byo kuba bavuga ikibari k’umutima bityo bigafasha uburyo bwo kubagira

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inama no kubafasha. Bashobora kuba bahura n’ingorane z’uburyo bwinshi ariko ikiganiro hagati y’umuntu n’undi mu mwanya nyawo bituma habaho gufunguka abantu bakavuga.

Muvugane imigambi n’icyerekezo cyabo byo mu gihe kiri imbere. Ibi bigufasha kuganira nabo ku migambi yabo y’ejo hazaza. Byashoboka ko wasanga ntacyo batekereza kuri ejo hazaza, ibi rero byagufasha kubiganiraho ukabafasha gutegura ejo hazaza habo. Niba bafite imigambi icyo ukora ni ukumenya neza uburyo iyo migambi izafasha mu kungura itorero. Niba usanze icyerekezo gikuru bafite gisobanutse uzabaha umudendezo wo kugishyira mubikorwa bakurikije uko babyumva bikwiriye gukorwa. Gushyigikira abo mukorana mu migambi yabo bituma nabo bakwiyumvamo kandi bakabona ko wita ku iterambere ryabo bwite nk’uko nabo bita kury’itorero mufatanije kuyobora.

Barememo ubushobozi. Ibiganiro by’umuntu umwe k’uwundi biguha uburyo bwo gutera umwete no kubaka ubushobozi bw’umuntu kugira ngo arusheho gukora neza agere kubyo atari kugeraho mbere.

Impamvu nahisemo imigoroba yo kuwa mbere kubonana n’abayobozi banjye, ni uko inama ya komite isanzwe iterana k’umugoroba wo kuri uwo munsi rimwe mu kwezi. Rero ku bwanjye birumvikana kuba narahisemo iyo migoroba isigaye kugenderera umwe umwe mu rugo iwabo tukaganira. Nabaga nabiteguye mbere y’igihe kuburyo ntaza kugira uwo ntabona cyangwa ngo simusange m’urugo. Abayobozi banjye bose bari bafite imirimo bakora hanze y’itorero ntabwo bari abakozi b’itorero b’iminsi yose, niyo mpamvu inama zacu zakorwaga mu ijoro. Nabasabaga mbere y’igihe umubonano mbere y’uko njya yo. Ibi byahaga umuyobozi umwanya wo gutegura buri kintu cyose yumva cyatunganywa mbere y’uko tubonana tukaganira. Ndizera rwose ko bifite akamaro gakomeye ko umushumba agira umwanya wo kuganira n’abo bayoborana abakomeza kandi abagira inama. Byorohera abashumba kumara umwanya munini no gutakaza imbaraga nyinshi bahangana n’abanyabibazo nk’uko byagendekeye Mose, bakibagirwa abari mu myanya y’ubuyobozi. Ariko kugira ngo ibi bigerweho ni ngombwa kumenya gukoresha igihe cyacu neza, tukamenya gutondeka neza ibintu bikuru bikenewe gukorwa mu cyumweru (tuzavuga ibyo gukoresha neza igihe mu bice biri imbere ariko reka mvuge ko ari ikintu gikomeye kumenya gutegura umunsi, icyumweru, n’umwaka neza kugirango uzakore iby’ingenzi. Utagize aka kamenyero, ushobora gukora ibintu byihutirwa bije imbere yawe gusa atari kubw’uko aribyo by’ingenzi ahubwo kuko aribyo bikuzengurutse). 3.13 Toza abayobozi bawe kugira ngo bakore neza umurimo Reba inama Yetiro yahaye Mose, Kuva 18:20 “Kandi ujye ubigisha amategeko yayo n’ibyo yategetse, ujye ubereka inzira bakwiriye gucamo n’imirimo bakwiriye gukora.” Aha turabona ko umushumba adakwiriye gutanga inshingano hanyuma ngo aterere agati mu ryinyo, cyangwa ngo ajye asaba raporo z’ibyo atigera akurikirana uko bikorwa. Agomba kugira uruhare mu gutoza abayobozi be bamuha raporo, abigisha amategeko, abereka uburyo bwo gukora umurimo kandi akabafasha gutoza ababaha raporo nabo. Muri make agomba kubatoza kugira ngo bo n’itorero ryose bagire ubuzima bwiza n’umurimo utere imbere. Donald Washewicz mu nyandiko ye, ‘Ibiranga ubuzima bw’umuyobozi mukuru’, avuga ko ari ngombwa ko umuyobozi amenya neza ko abantu batorejwe umurimo kandi ko bakoresha ubushobozi n’ubuhanga bwabo bwose. Yaranditse ati,”Nizera ko muri kamere muntu, umuntu wese ashaka gukora umurimo we neza. Inshingano yanjye nk’umuyobozi ni ukubereka by’ukuri icyo ibyo bisobanuye. Icyo nicyo umuyobozi akora.”9 Ndizera ko ibi ari ukuri. Umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ntabwo ubwe yereka buri mukozi uko akwiye gukora neza umurimo we ariko agomba gukora uko ashoboye akamenya uko bikorwa. Ibi birakwiye gukorwa no mu itorero. Umushumba ashobora guhugura abantu muri bimwe na bimwe nawe afitiye ubushobozi n’ubumenyi ariko ntabwo yashobora gukora kuri buri kintu cyose. Iyo hari aho ubumenyi bwe butagera, akwiye guhamagara undi muntu ufite ubuhanga n’ubumenyi aho hantu akamuhugurira abantu be. Mugihe mfite ubumenyi mu bintu bitandukanye byinshi ni

9 Continental Airways Inflight Magazine, The Facts of CEO life, June 2004. 45

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ngombwa ko mpamagara undi muntu wo guhugura itsinda rishinzwe ibyo kuramya no guhimbaza ndetse n’abafite impano z’ubuhanuzi. Ariko, akenshi biba byiza iyo utumiye umuntu uva hanze gufasha guhugura abantu bawe naho ibyo ahugura nawe waba ubifitemo ubuhanga, kuko umushyitsi akenshi ashobora kuzana ibidasanzwe. Ibuka neza ko mu Kuva 18:20, Yetiro avuga ‘kwigisha no kwereka.’ Amasomo yo mu ishuri ntabwo ahagije, dukeneye no kwerekerwa ku kivi naho (on the job training). Ubu nibwo buryo Yesu yakoresheje mu gutoza abigishwa be ngo bazakomeze umurimo w’Inshingano Iruta Izindi. Zirikana ibi bikurikira: Icya mbere barebaga ibyo akora

Yabigishaga mu gihe bagendagenda. Mariko 8:31

Yabatumye kugenda gukora nk’ibyo akora bonyine. Muri Luka 9: no gukomeza, yatumye cumi na babiri (reba no muri Matayo 10:5-16). Muri Luka 10:1 no gukomeza, Yesu yatumye mirongo irindwi na babiri. Reba neza uko yabatumaga abanje kubaha amabwiriza ngenderwaho. Ntabwo yigeze abatuma atababwiye uko bagomba kwitwara n’icyo bagomba gukora.

Yasuzumye ibyo bakoze igihe bari bagarutse. Luka 10:17 no gukomeza. Reba uburyo igihe cyo gusuzuma cyabaye uburyo bwiza bw’uko abigishwa batanga raporo y’ibyabaye berekana ko n’abadayimoni babumviye mu izina rya Yesu.

Nyuma baje gukomeza umurimo bo ubwabo.

Ubu ni uburyo bukomeye bukwiye gukurikizwa igihe utoza abantu bawe. Urugero, niba wifuza gutoza abayobozi b’amatsinda yo mu ngo, kora kuburyo bukurikira:

Reka ubwambere baze mu itsinda uyoboye ubwawe cyangwa irindi tsinda bitegereze uko bikorwa (Intambwe ya 1).

Ubonane nabo amateraniro y’itsinda arangiye ubabwire impamvu y’ibyo ukora mu itsinda, uburyo witegura n’uburyo uyobora itsinda (Intambwe ya 2).

Bahe umwanya umugoroba umwe nabo bayobore itsinda ureba (Intambwe ya 3).

Bonana nabo nyuma y’iteraniro ry’itsinda bayoboye maze mugire isuzuma hamwe, bahe ibitekerezo kandi ubashimire uko babikoze (Intambwe ya 4).

Igihe ubona ko bageze k’urugero, bahe amatsinda yabo bwite bayobore ariko ujye ugira ibihe byo guhura nabo kubatera umwete no gutanga inama (Intambwe ya 5).

Bashishikarize gutangira gutoza abandi bantu nabo ubwabo (Intanbwe ya 6).

Witegure neza kujya uhura nabo kenshi kubatera umwete, kubashima no kubungura inama (Intambwe ya 7).

Niba ufite itorero rinini ukaba ukeneye abandi bayobozi batanu b’amatsinda ushobora gusaba abayobozi b’amatsinda asanzwe kuguha amazina y’abantu bo mu matsinda yabo batekereza ko bageze k’urugero rwo gutorezwa kuba abayobozi bashya. Mumaze kwemeranya kubantu bageze k’urugero, nabo bakaba bemera ko batozwa, uzabatumira hamwe bose ubahe amasomo bakeneye. Ibi ni kimwe n’ibyo mu ntambwe ya kabiri twabonye hejuru. Intambwe ya mbere barayiteye kuko basanzwe ari abagize amatsinda kandi bakaba baragaragaje ubushobozi n’ubushake. Intambwe ya 3 n’iya 4 zakomezwa guterwa n’abayobora amatsinda kugeza ubwo uwo muyobozi mushya uri gutozwa nawe agera k’urugero rwo guhabwa itsinda rye bwite ryo kuyobora. Mubisanzwe, uko itorero rikura, ugomba guha undi muntu ubushobozi bwo kuyobora amatsinda, ndetse n’ubwo gutoza abayobozi bayo. Wibuke, ko wowe nk’umushumba, ugomba kugumana inshingano yo kugenzura imirimo yose kandi ukagumana mu mutwe igishushanyo mbonera cyose cy’umurimo wo mu matsinda yo mu ngo.

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Umutwe wa 4.

Ibindi byakwigirwa kuri Mose 4.1 Ntuterwe ubwoba n’abantu bagusumbya ubushobozi bari munsi y’ubuyobozi bwawe Ibi nigeze mbivugaho gato mu mutwe wa 1 ariko ndashaka kubivugaho birambuye kuko ari ingirakamaro. Aha ni ahantu twakwigira byinshi kuri Mose n’uburyo yasubizaga abantu bafite ubushobozi bari munsi ye. Ikibabaje, bamwe mu bashumba ntamutekano bagira ndetse bagira ubwoba iyo umwe mub’itorero cyangwa mu itsinda yerekanye ubushobozi cyangwa ubuhanga kurusha uko bo bakora. Bashaka kwizera ko aribo babwiriza bakomeye, abahanuzi b’imboneza, abajyanama badasanzwe, abantu badasanzwe mugukora ibitangaza, hanyuma bakiyumvamo ubwoba cyangwa kubangamirwa iyo undi muntu yerekanye ubushobozi bukomeye muri kimwe mu byo bafite. Bashaka ko buri wese yaza kuri bo gushaka ubujyanama, cyangwa ko nibura yabegera akaba aribo bamurangira uwo akwiriye gusanga, ugasanga bagira ubwoba iyo habonetse undi muntu mu itorero abantu basanga kugisha inama. Bizera ko aribo bonyine bafite impano y’ubuhanuzi ikomeye bagatangira guterwa ubwoba n’uko mu itorero hadutse undi muntu abantu bemeraho ijambo ry’ubuhanuzi. Igihe kimwe nahuye n’Intumwa (apostle), yari yaratangije itorero rirakura cyane hanyuma agenda atangiza andi matorero agomba kuba munsi y’ubuyobozi bwe. Nyamara ariko, hariho ibibazo binyuranye muri iryo torero rye, umwe mubayobozi be bimena yambwiye ko uwo muyobozi atihanganiraga kubona umuntu ufite impano zisumba ize mu itorero rye cyangwa hafi y’aho akorera. Iyo umuntu yatangizaga umurimo ugatangira gutera imbere uwo muyobozi yakoreshaga uko ashoboye kwose akamukandamiza cyangwa akamusebya. Rimwe mu matorero manini ryo muri uyu mugi numviye mo iyi nkuru ryari riyobowe n’umugabo w’ari warigeze aba umushumba w’itorero ryabyawe na rimwe mu matorero yari ayobowe naya Ntumwa. Kuberako iryo torero ryabyawe ryakuraga cyane, Intumwa yatangiye kugira ubwoba hanyuma itangira gukandamiza no kuvuga nabi wa mushumba. Ibidakenewe kuvugwa ni uko ibintu byakomeje kudogera kugera ubwo bitari bigishoboka ko uwo mushumba abyihanganira niko gusohoka muri iryo torero ry’Intumwa atangiza irye bwite. Byari biteye isoni kuko Intumwa yari ifite amavuta y’umwuka kandi yari umunyempano ukomeye muburyo bunyuranye. Yashoboraga kuba yarakomeje gukoresha impano ze akagera kuri byinshi cyane iyo aza kwiyegereza abo bantu bandi bafite impano akabakuza aho kubapfukirana no kubavuga nabi. Niba ushaka gutsikamira umunyempano umusubiza hasi uzagira ingorane zikomeye. Ntuterwe ubwoba n’abantu bafite impano zikomeye bakorera munsi y’ubuyobozi bwawe. Ahubwo batere umwete mubyo bakora, nk’umushumba ntabwo ugomba kuba ari wowe uba umubwiriza ukomeye cyangwa umujyanama ukomeye, cyangwa ukora ibitangaza gusumba abandi, ahubwo icyo wahamagariwe ni ukuba umuyobozi ukuza agateza imbere abantu kugira ngo umurimo wa Kristo waguke. Kuba umuyobozi ukomeye nibyo ugomba kwibandaho. Mose ni urugero rwiza rw’umuyobozi utaraterwaga ubwoba n’abantu bafite impano zidasanzwe bari munsi y’ubuyobozi bwe ahubwo yashakaga ko benshi bashoboka mu itsinda rye bakoresha impano zabo. Mugitabo cyo Kubara 11:24-29 dusoma ngo, Mose arasohoka abwira abantu ayo magambo y’Uwiteka, kandi ateranya abagabo mirongo irindwi bo mu bakuru b’abantu, abagotesha ihema ryera. 25 Uwiteka amanukira muri cya gicu avugana nawe, yenda ku Mwuka umuriho, amushyira kuri abo bakuru uko ari mirongo irindwi. Nuko Umwuka abaguyeho barahanura, bagarukiriza aho. 26 Maze mu ngando zabo hasigara abagabo babiri, umwe yitwa Eludadi, undi yitwa Medadi. Umwuka abagwaho, kandi bari mu mubare w’abanditswe ariko batavuye aho ngo bajye ku ihema ryera, bahanurira aho mu ngando. 27 Umuhungu w’umusore agenda yiruka abwira Mose ati: Eludadi na Medadi barahanurira mu ngando. 28 Yosuwa mwene Nuni, wari umufasha wa Mose uhereye mu busore bwe, aramubwira ati: Databuja Mose, babuze. 29 Mose aramubaz’ ati: Ni jy’ urwaniye ishyaka? Icyampa ab’ubwoko bw’Uwiteka bose bakaba abahanuzi, Uwiteka akabashyiraho Umwuka we!

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Muri iki gice, Umwuka yaje kubakuru mirongo irindwi bakurikirwa na Eludadi na Medadi bose batangira guhanura. Yosuwa asa nuwagize impungenge ko ibyo byazagabanya ubushobozi bwa Mose niba hari abandi nabo bahanura hanyuma yashakaga ko Mose ababuza guhanura. Ariko Mose ntabwo yari atewe ubwoba n’ibyo kuko yari azi neza ko Imana yamuhamgaye kuyobora ubwoko bw’Isirayeli mu gihugu cy’isezerano kandi kubw’ibyo yari akeneye abantu bose b’abanyempano bashoboka kuboneka kugirango azashobore kurangiza neza iyi nshingano. Yashakaga ko abantu bari munsi y’ubuyobozi bwe bakuza impano zabo kuburyo bushoboka bwose kuko ibyo aribyo byari gutuma yoroherwa mu murimo we w’ubuyobozi. Bill Hybels, uwatangije rimwe mu matorero akura cyane muri Amerika ryitwa “Willow Creek Community” ni umwe mubayobozi badaterwa ubwoba n’abo bakorana bagaragaza impano zisumba izabo, ahubwo akora uko ashoboye kuzana abantu nkabo bakaba abagize itsinda rye ry’ubuyobozi. Yaranditse ati, “Ndeba umuntu wese nashobora kubona ufite ubushobozi buhanitse. Nsaba Imana kumfasha kubona umuntu ufite impano z’Umwuka zakuze kandi zamenyerejwe imyaka myinshi. Iyo turi gushaka umuntu wajya mu itsinda ryacu ryo kwigisha, nsaba Imana kudufasha kubona umuntu ufite impano idasanzwe mu kwigisha, birumvikana umuntu undusha kwigisha… Iyo ndi gushaka uwaba umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibikorwa, ndeba umuntu wigihangange muby’ubuyobozi kandi akaba ari indashyikirwa mu gutunganya umurimo. Imyaka ishize, nasanze niba ndatangiye kwigwizaho abantu bafite ubushobozi bukomeye, nzarengerwa n’ibibazo by’ubuyobozi bwa Willow. Ubu iyo ndebye abantu bazengurutse ameza mugihe cy’inama itunganya imirimo, mbona ufite impamyabushobozi ihanitse yakuye Harvard, nkabona ufite impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga yakuye Stanford, umwe ufite iy’ikirenga, babiri bafite impamyabushobozi z’ikirenga muby’amategeko, n’abandi benshi bafite impamyabushobozi za kaminuza zo kurwego rw’ikirenga. Muby’ukuri nijye jyenyine udafite impamyabushobozi ihanitse!”10 Impamvu ikomeye yatumye itorero rya Willow Creek Community rikura muburyo budasanzwe ni uko Bill Hybels yashyize hamwe itsinda ry’abantu bakomeye gusa, yabashyize imbere aho kubakandagirana nubwo byagaragaraga ko bamusumbya impano yabashyize mu mirimo itandukanye mu itorero. 4.2 Emera kugirwa inama ariko uzisesengure Bimwe mubyo twiga mu Kuva 18 ni akamaro ko kuba umuntu wiyoroshya witeguye kwakira inama. Ntutekereze ko uzi ibintu byose ko nta muntu numwe wakwigisha ikintu icyo aricyo cyose. Ntukabe umwibone kuburyo udashaka kwakira inama z’abandi iyo bafite icyo bashaka kukubwira. Iki ni icyanzu cyo kurimbuka. Ba umuntu udafite gusa umutima ushaka kugirwa inama ahubwo kandi ba umuntu uhorana inyota yo kwiga, inyota yo kurushaho kunoza ibyo ukora, n’inyota yo gukura. Wireme mo iyi kamere. Reba neza icyo igitabo cy’Imigani 13:10 havuga, Ubwibone butera intonganya gusa, ariko ubwenge bugirwa n’abagirwa inama nziza. Mose yari umugabo washobora kumva inama akemera igice gifite akamaro kuri we ibitubaka akabireka. Kubara 12:3 ni umurongo ushimishije cyane kuko utwereka ko Mose yari umuntu uciye bugufi cyane akaba ariyo mpamvu yari afite imbaraga n’imico yo kumva inama agafata icyemezo ashingiye ku cyamugirira akamaro gusumba ikindi. Kubara 12:3, “Kandi uwo mugabo Mose yari umugwaneza urusha abandi bo mu isi bose.” Dawidi ni undi muyobozi ukomeye wemeraga kwakira inama z’abandi bantu bari hafi ye. Tubona ibi muri 2 Samweli 19:1-8 ubwo Yowabu yaje kuri we nyuma yaho umuhungu we Abusalomu yari yishwe. Dawidi yari yemereye agahinda ke kurengera uburyo abona ibintu ibyo byamuteye gufata icyemezo kibi cyari kuzagira ingaruka z’agahomamunwa. Ariko, yari afite imbaraga zikomeye zo kumva Yowabu, kwemera ko yakoze ikosa, kandi yemera guhindura ibyo yari yateganije gukora. 2 Samweli 19:4-9, Uwo munsi abantu basubira mu mudugudu babebēra, nk’abantu bahunze mu ntambara, babebēra bafite isoni. 5 Umwami yitwikira mu maso, ashyira ejuru n’ijwi rirenga ati “Ye baba we, mwana wanjye Abusalomu! Ye baba we, Abusalomu mwana wanjye, mwana wanjye we!” 6 Hanyuma Yowabu yinjira mu nzu, asanga umwami aravuga ati “Uyu munsi wateye amaso y’abagaragu bawe ipfunwe, bakijije ubugingo bwawe ubu n’ubw’abahungu bawe n’abakobwa

10

Hybels. Courageous Leadership, 83-84

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bawe, n’abagore bawe n’inshoreke zawe, 7 kandi ukunda abakwanga, ukanga abagukunda. None weruye ko ibikomangoma n’abagaragu bawe ari nk’ubusa kuri wowe, ubu menye ko, iyaba Abusalomu yabaye muzima tukaba aritwe twapfuye twese uyu munsi, uba wabyishimiye cyane. 8

Nuko none haguruka usohoke, uvugane n’abagaragu bawe uhumurize imitima yabo. Ndahiye Uwiteka, nudasohoka nta mugabo n’umwe uri busigarane iri joro. Kandi ibyo bizakumerera nabi kuruta ibyago wakabonye byose, uhereye mu buto bwawe, ukageza ubu.” 9 Maze umwami arahaguruka yicara ku karubanda, babwira abantu bose bati “Dore umwami yicaye ku karubanda.” Nuko abantu bose baramushengerera. Mu minsi ishize hari ikiganiro nabonye kuri televiziyo ya Australia aho Bwana Richard Branson, uwatangije akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru w’isosiyete y’indege yitwa Virgin Airlines 11 yavugaga ko yafashe igihe kinini yumva abayobozi bakorana kandi yandika ibitekerezo byabo kugira ngo azabone uburyo abisesengura. Hanyuma uwatangaga ikiganiro yerekanye ifilimi y’uwo mugabo ari kuvugana na bamwe mubakira abagenzi mu ndege ye, kandi arimo yandika ibyo bamubwiye. Ntabwo byatangaje ko nyuma Bwana Richard yavuze ko abakozi akoresha bamubereye inkoramutima. Ariko n’ubwo tugomba kumva abantu tugasesengura ibyo bavuga, ntitugomba na rimwe gufata ibyemezo dushingiye kubyatugira ibirangirire hamwe nabari hafi yacu. Ahubwo, tugomba gushingira kuby’ukuri kandi biboneye. Tuzagaruka kuri ibi k’uburyo burambuye. 4.3 Witegure kunegurwa Irindi somo ry’ingenzi twigira k’ubuzima bwa Mose ni uko tugomba kwitegura kunegurwa niba tubaye abayobozi. Zirikana ibi bikurikira: Kuva 15:24, Abantu bitotombere Mose bati “Turanywa iki?”

Kuva 16:2, Iteraniro ryose ry’Abisirayeli ryivovotera Mose na Aroni mu butayu.

Kuva 17:2-3, Ni cyo cyatumye abantu batonganya Mose bakamubwira bati ‘’Duhe amazi tunywe.” Mose arababwira ati “Kuki mugerageza Uwiteka?” Abantu bagirirayo inyota bitotombera Mose bati “Ni iki cyatumye udukura muri Egiputa, kugira ngo utwicishanye inyota n’abana bacu n’amatungo yacu?”

Kubara 14:1-4, Iteraniro ryose ritera hejuru, rirataka, abantu iryo joro bararira. 2 Abisirayeli bose bitotombera Mose na Aroni, iteraniro ryose rirababwira riti “Iyaba twaraguye mu gihugu cya Egiputa! Cyangwa iyaba twaraguye muri ubu butayu! 3 Uwiteka atujyanira iki muri icyo gihugu, kugira ngo tuhicirwe n’inkota? Abagore bacu n’abana bacu bazaba iminyago, ikiruta s i uko twasubira muri Egiputa?” 4 Baravugana bati “Twishyirireho umugaba dusubire muri Egiputa.”

Kubara 16:1-2, Kōra mwene Isuhari wa Kohati wa Lewi, agomana na Datani na Abiramu bene Eliyabu, na Oni mwene Peleti bo mu Barubeni. 2 Bahagurukira Mose bafatanije na bamwe mu Bisirayeli, abatware b’iteraniro magana abiri na mirongo itanu bajya bahamagarwa mu iteraniro, ibimenywabose.

Muri ibi byose bivuzwe haruguru, tubona ko Mose ntacyo yari yakoze nabi, yari yakoze ibyo Imana yari yaramuhamagariye gukora, ariko mugihe hari hadutse ingorane abantu baramwivovoteye kandi baramwitotombera. Igihe cyose Imana yashimangiye ubuyobozi bwa Mose yerekana imbaraga zayo zikomeye ikoresheje ibitangaza, ibimenyetso, n’imirimo ikomeye ariko naho byari bimeze bityo abantu bakomezaga kwitotomba. Mbona Kubara 14:4 ari umurongo uteye ubwoba n’impungenge zikomeye. Mose yari yarayoboye Abisirayeli mu butayu, bari barabonye ibitangaza bitandukanye, ariko igihe hari habonetse uburyo bwo kugera aho bafata igihugu basezeraniwe, sicyo bihutiye gukora ahubwo basanze bagomba kubanza kwikiza ubuyobozi bwa Mose hanyuma bakisubirira mu buretwa bwo muri Egiputa. Ikibabaje ni uko iyi ariyo kamere ya kimuntu, kandi umuntu uwo ariwe wese ugeze k’ubuyobozi agomba kwitegurira ko azanegurwa muri ubu buryo cyangwa buriya, kandi byinshi mubivugwa akenshi azaba atari ukuri. Ubunararibonye bwerekana ko uko umuntu afite umwanya w’ubuyobozi uhanitse ni nako agira ibinegurwa byinshi. 11

ABC Sydney, “Talking Heads” 13 September 2010.

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Reka mbahe urugero rw’ibyambayeho. Igihe nari ninjiye mu murimo w’ubushumba ndi hafi kujya mu ishuri rya tewologiya nagize ihishurirwa rikomeye riturutse mu byanditswe. Nasomaga ibyerekeye ukuzuka kwa Lazaro muri Yohana 11, hanyuma ngera k’umurongo wa 37, “Ariko bamwe muri bo baravuga bati “Uyu ko ahumura impumyi, ntaba yarabashije kubuza n’uyu ntapfe?” Aha tubona Umwana utagira inenge w’Imana nawe anegurwa na bamwe mubantu ku kintu atari yagizemo uruhare na rumwe. Fata akanya gato utekereze kuri ibi. Yari yarabakirije abarwayi, ahumura impumyi zabo ariko barakomeza kumunegura no kumwitotombera. Hanyuma Umwuka Wera ambwira ngo, Niba baraneguye Yesu nawe ugomba kumenya neza ko bazakunegura.” Umuyobozi mwiza ni uzi ko ibi ari iby’ukuri kandi bitazabura kumubaho. 4.4 Twahangana dute n’ukunegurwa?

Kora igitunganye Ikintu k’ingenzi ni uburyo twifata mugihe tuneguwe. Tugomba kuba abantu biteguye gukomeza gukora neza ibintu twahamagariwe gukora, aho kugerageza kwiyorohereza dukora ibishimisha abatunegura ngo tugabanye amagambo. Niba ushaka gukundwa n’abantu ugafata ibyemezo ushingiye kubyifuzo byabo, uzishyira ubwawe mu ngorane. Kora buri gihe icyo uzi neza ko aricyo Imana iguhamagarira gukora. Niba utazi neza umwanzuro uboneye wafata, gisha inama abantu b’abahanga bubaha Imana ariko ntuzigere ukora kugirango ushimwe n’abantu, ube ikirangirire. Paulo aduha inama zikomeye muri 1 Abatesalonike 2:4-6, ahubwo nk’uko Imana yatwemereye kugira ngo tube abo guhabwa ubutumwa bwiza, ni ko tubuvuga. Ntituvuga nk’abashaka kunezeza abantu, keretse Imana igerageza imitima yacu. 5 Ntitwigeze kuvuga ijambo ryo gushyeshya nk’uko mubizi, cyangwa ngo tugire urwiyerurutso rwo kwifuza inyungu muri mwe. Imana niyo dutanzeho umugabo. 6 Kandi ntitwashatse icyubahiro mu bantu, n’aho haba muri mwe cyangwa mu bandi. Gufata ibyemezo kugira ngo unezeze abantu ni umutego uganisha mu kaga. Niba ugerageza kunezeza amatsinda y’abantu atandukanye kugirango wimenyekanishe gusa, ushobora kuzisanga ntanumwe ukinezeza, ahubwo ugasanga nabo wiringiraga bose bakurwanya. Zirikana iyi nkuru iteye ubwoba. Hari itorero nzi ryadutsemo ingorane z’urudaca zitewe n’ibintu by’uburyo butandukanye, ibi byazanye ibice mub’itorero, buri wese ashaka itorero kujya mu cyerekezo kinyuranye ni icy’undi. Ikibabaje ni uko umushumba yashakaga gushimisha buri wese, akajya abwira buri tsinda ibirishimisha abizeza ko ibyo bashaka bizakorwa. Hanyuma abwira amatsinda yose ko agomba gukundana kandi ko nibakundana ibintu byose bizagenda neza. Ibyaje kubaho ni uko habaye ingaruka mbi cyane, kuko ibyo bamwe bashaka byabaga bihabanye kure n’ibyo abandi bashaka, ntibyashobokaga gukora icyo itsinda A rishaka hanyuma ngo ukomeze no gukora icyo itsinda B rishaka. Buri tsinda ryasanze umushumba asa n’urigambanira kuko ntiyashoboye kugera ku cyo buri ryose yari yarisezeranije. Kubw’ibi abantu benshi batangiye kuva muri iryo torero. Igihe cyarageze n’umushumba nawe ava muri iryo torero maze itorero mbere ryatangiye rikomeye ryaje gufunga inzugi burundu. Kwangu mimi, moja ya mifano mbaya sana inapatikana katika Kutoka 32:21-25 ambako Haroni aliwasikiliza watu na akafanya yale waliyoyataka ingawaje alipaswa kujua kama ilikuwa mbaya: ''Musa akamwambia Haruni watu hawa wamekufanya nini hata ukalete dhambi hii kuu juu yao? 22 Haruni akasema, hasira ya bwana wangu isiwake, wewe unajua watu hawa, ya kuwa wamejielekeza kwa mabaya. 23Maana waliniambia, katufanyie miungu, itakayokwenda mbele yetu, kwa maana mtu huyo Musa, aliyetutoa katika nchi ya Misri, hatujui yaliyompata. 24Nikawaambia, mtu yeyote aliye na dhahabu na aivunje, basi wakanipa, nami nikaitupa ndani ya moto, akatoka ndama huyu. 25Basi Musa alipoona yakuwa watu hawa wameasi, maana Haruni amewaacha waasi, ili wawe dhihaka kati ya adui zao''. Huu ni mfano wa uongozi hafifu. Alifanya yale watu waliyoyataka hamkini sababu alitaka apendwe na watu wote. Hakukiri hata kwa Musa kama alifanya ndama wa ng'ombe; hakuna mtu aliyepaswa kuamini kama alitupa dhahabu motoni na kukatokea ndama wa ng'ombe. Usiwe mgoigoi. Usifanye kitu tu sababu kitakufanya kupendwa na watu wote wakati unajua kama ni kibaya. Usikose kutumikisha utawala na kutiisha watu sababu una woga ya yale watu watafikiri juu yako. Kutofuzu kuongoza na kufanya yaliyo haki ni kufanyiza maafa.

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Igihe abantu batuneguye, tugomba kumenya ko buri gihe atari twe bari kwitotombera ahubwo ko ari Imana ubwayo. Ibi nibyo byabaye kuri Mose. Ntabwo Abisirayeli bashatse gukomeza kwiringira Imana ngo bakomeze berekeze mu gihugu cy’isezerano mu kwizera ahubwo bahagurukira Mose kuko ariwe wari uhagarariye Imana muburyo buboneka. Ntabwo ubwa mbere ari Mose bari barakariye, ahubwo ni Imana, gusa Mose yabonetse nk’uwo gutura umujinya. Reba Kubara 16:12-14, Mose ahamagaza Datani na Abiramu, baravuga bati “Ntabwo twitaba. 13 Aho aragira ngo biroroshye kudukura mu gihugu cy’amata n’ubuki ukatwicira mu butayu, kandi ugakubitiraho no kwigira umutware wacu? 14 Kandi ntutujyanye mu gihugu cy’amata n’ubuki, ntuduhaye gakondo y’imirima n’inzabibu. Mbese urashaka kumena amaraso y’aba bantu? Ntituri bwitabe.” Ntabwo Mose yari yari yanze kubajyana mu gihugu gitemba amata n’ubuki kugira ngo abicire mu butayu, ahubwo nibo ubwabo babyizaniye kubwo kutumvira kwabo. Kuba batari kugenda ngo bagere mu gihugu cy’isezerano bakishimire byatewe no kwigomeka kwabo, rero yari amakosa yabo ntiyari aya Mose. Ariko kubera ko Mose ariwe wari watoranijwe n’Imana kubayobora niwe bose bahagurukiye. Umuntu wese ufite icyo ayobora mu itorero agomba gusobanukirwa n’ibi ko “ntamuyobozi utanegurwa na Yesu baramuneguye!”

Menya neza aho uko kunegurwa guturuka Ni ikintu cy’agaciro gakomeye kumenya abantu bakunegura abo aribo n’icyo bavuga ku itorero. Nasanze bifasha cyane iyo ushushanije imbonerahamwe yerekana “ukunegurwa k’umushumba” ugashyiraho abantu kuva ku 100 kugera kuri 0; 100 rigahagararira abantu banegura umushumba kurusha abandi, hanyuma 0 igahagararira abantu banegura umushumba gake. Hanyuma ugashushanya indi mbonerahamwe yerekana “abitangira itorero” hanyuma ugashyira abantu muri yo uhereye ku 100 ukagera kuri 0; 100 akaba ari abantu bitangira imirimo y’itorero cyane kandi bayishyigikiye bakoresha ubutunzi bwabo, hanyuma 0 ihagararire abantu bitanga buke mu itorero ari muburyo bw’imirimo n’uburyo bwo gutanga amafranga. Inararibonye ryanjye rinyereka ko abantu bari k’urugero rwo hejuru mu kunegura umushumba nibo bagaragara hasi kuri yambonerahamwe yo kwitangira umurimo w’Imana mu itorero. Ibi byerekana ko abanegura umushumba cyane usanga ari babandi badakora cyane mu itorero.

Uburyo wahangana n’abantu bakunegura ariko bakaba batitangira umurimo mu itorero

Nusanga abantu bakunegura ari babandi n’ubundi batitangira imirimo mu itorero, ni ukuvuga ko nawe uhanganye n’abene wabo na babandi baneguye Yesu muri Yohana 11:37. Ntacyo wakora ngo ushimishe bene abo bantu, kuko kamere yabo ni ntamunoza, ahubwo nujya mubyo guhangana nabo uzata umwanya n’imbaraga by’ubusa. Kora nk’uko Yesu yakoze, irengagize ibyo bivovota, ukomeze gukora ibyo Imana yaguhamagariye gukora gusa kandi ubikore neza. Mu myaka yanjye ya mbere ninjiye mu murimo w’ubushumba, nagerageje gufasha bene abo bantu, ariko iteka nabonaga badashimishwa nibyo nkora kandi ntagukura kwabarangwagaho n’ubwo ntacyo ntakoraga ngo bahinduke. Abo bantu barikunda, ikibashishikaje ni ukureba icyo bakungukira mu itorero, ntabwo bashishikajwe no kugira icyo batanga mu itorero. Naho wabaha ibya Mirenge ntibazigera banyurwa. Ntute igihe cyawe ugerageza kubashimisha. Ntacyo wakora ngo banyurwe cyangwa bahinduke. Gusa wowe igihe muhuye ugerageze kububaha ariko ntuzigere utekereza ko uzabashimisha muburyo bwo kubaha ibyo bashaka. Bene aba bantu banegura buri kintu cyose, hanyuma wowe nk’umushumba wabo, uri nk’intego iraswaho na kamere yabo yo kunegurana. Kubataho umwanya n’imbaraga nta n’umwe bizagira icyo bifasha, haba kuri wowe ubwawe, ku itorero, ndetse nabo ubwabo. Bakeneye kugera aho bafatirwa ibyemezo kubera ibikorwa byabo kugira ngo bigabanye amagambo hanyuma batangire gukura. Bazahindurwa n’uko ibyo bibayeho cyangwa bahindurwe n’iminsi. Inararibonye ryanjye ni uko abantu nkaba usanga ari inzererezi, ziva mu itorero zijya mu rindi ndetse rimwe na rimwe biyerekana nk’abantu b’umwuka cyane. Uzasanga ibihe bimwe bagerageza kwegera umushumba bamukuyakuya kugira ngo bamuteshe umwanya; bamubwira ngo “nta muntu unyumva nk’uko unyumva.” Kugerageza gushimisha bene aba bantu ni ibidashoboka kandi nta musaruro

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bishobora gutanga na rimwe. Basengere gusa kugira ngo Imana izabahindure kandi ibahe umutima wo gushaka gukura muby’umwuka. Reka mvuge ko bamwe bo muri aba bantu umushumba ashobora kubabona nk’inshuti ze bakiri imbere ye ariko bagera hirya bakamusuzuguza abantu banegura ubushobozi bwe. K’urundi ruhande, ujye witondera abantu bakunegurira abandi bantu muri kumwe kuko iyo bageze aho utari bashobora kuba ari wowe bataramana.

Uko wakwifata igihe unegurwa n’abantu bitangira umurimo w’itorero Nyamara ariko, niba kunegura bikorwa n’abantu b’imbere mu itorero bitangira imirimo yaryo kandi ibisanzwe muri kamere yabo bakaba badakunda kunegurana, aha ni ngombwa ko ubyitondera ukita kubyo bavuga. Bishoboka ko mubyo bavuga haba hari mo ukuri ukaba ugomba kugira icyo ubitekerezaho cyangwa ubikoraho. Birashoboka ko ari imwe mu nzira Imana iri gukoresha ngo ugire icyo witaho. Ushobora kuba uri mu ikosa. Ushobora kuba uri mu bintu bimeze nk’ibyo muri 2 Samweli 19:1-8, aho Yowabu yavuganye na Dawidi. Dawidi yari mu ikosa ryo kuba yemereye amarangamutima yari afitiye Abusalomu akagenga ibikorwa bye. Iyo umuntu nka Yowabu, wari warerekanye imyaka myinshi ko ari umwiringirwa kuri Dawidi, agahinduka m’uburyo butunguranye umuntu witotomba, Dawidi yari kuba abaye umupfu iyo yirengagiza inama ze. Niwibona muburyo butungiranye mugihe abantu bitangiraga umurimo mu itorero batangiye ku kwitotombera, ugomba kwitondera ibyo uri gukora bibatera ku kunegura. Ushobora guhindura imigambi yawe. Mubihe nk’ibi ntuzagire ubwoba bwo kugisha inama abandi bantu bubaha Imana wubaha, cyane cyane iyo wumva unaniwe kandi urambiwe. Ongera kureba Imigani 15:22, Aho inama itari imigambi ipfa ubusa. Ariko aho abajyanama benshi bari irakomezwa. Niba ukomeza guhangana n’abakunegura baturuka mubantu basanzwe atari abaneguranyi kandi bakaba ari abantu basanzwe bitangira umurimo cyane, iki muby’ukuri ugifate nk’ikibazo gikomeye. Inama zanjye ni uko washakisha umuntu ukomeye muby’ubuyobozi, wubaha Imana, ufite inararibonye kandi wizeye, mukaganira iki kibazo cyawe. Birashoboka ko waba warahinduye imikorere yawe m’uburyo butunguranye bikaba bikurura ibibazo. Numvise itorero ryakuraga cyane kuburyo ryari riri kuba irya mbere mu karere ryarimo, hanyuma habamo kwivovota kw ’abantu bo muri ryo ariko basanzwe batitangira umurimo w’itorero cyane, abakuru b’itorero n’abagize inama-nyobozi y’iryo torero bari bishimiye umushumba wabo kandi bashyigikiye iyerekwa rye bidasubirwaho. Ariko hari ikintu cyaje guhinduka muburyo umushumba yayoboragamo, kuburyo byazamuye amagambo menshi yo kunegura bikorwa n’abayobozi b’ingenzi b’imbere mu itorero. Ikibabaje ni uko abenshi bo muri abo bayobozi ndetse bamwe bari no mu nama nyobozi babonye ko nta kindi kintu cyakorwa keretse gusohoka muri iryo torero bakajya ahandi. Ingaruka zabaye mbi ku mpande zose. Birashoboka kandi ko waba uri mu itorero ridahuje n’imiterere yawe ndetse n’ibyo waciyemo bikaba bitajyanye n’iryo torero cyangwa igice wibonamo kikaba atari cyo itorero ririmo. Niba ibi ari ko biri kuri wowe, inama wagirwa ni uko wava muri iryo torero ugashaka irindi rikunogeye rijyanye n’uko uri. Ariko kandi ntupfe kugenda uhinduranya amatorero ngo ni uko uhuye n’ibibazo kuko ibibazo uzahora uhura nabyo aho wajya hose kuko ibibazo nigice cy’ubuzima bw’umuyobozi uwo ariwe wese. Umuyobozi ahamagarirwa kuzana impinduka no kujyana itorero ahantu hashya kandi heza kurutaho. Abanyuranya nawe ntibazabura, Yesu na Mose bahuye n’ababarwanya, nawe ntakabuza uzahangana nabo. Birashoboka kandi ko ushobora kuba udafite impano y’ubushumba. Nahuye n’abantu bake bameze batya, rero muby’ukuri aho kwihambira m’umurimo utaberanye nawo cyangwa utawushoboye inama nziza ni uko wakwisubirira gukora ibyo wahozemo mbere yo kwinjira m’ubushumba cyangwa ugashaka akandi kazi gasanzwe wakora. Imyanzuro nk’iyi ni byiza ko yafatwa hakiri kare hatarononekara ibintu byinshi ariko kandi inzego n’abantu bose bireba bakagishwa inama mbere yo kurekura umurimo w’Imana w’ubushumba. Mbere yo gufata icyemezo nk’iki ugenzure neza ko wagishije inama abantu b’abizerwa, bubaha Imana, bafite ubunararibonye m’umurimo w’Imana kandi b’abanyabwenge n’inyangamugayo. Ntuhubuke ngo upfe gusezera,

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ufate n’umwanya uhagije wo kubisengera, mbere y’uko ufata umwanzuro wo kureka ubushumba, ariko kandi nabwo ntiwizirike kubyo udashoboye cyangwa udafitiye impano ngo aha uri k’umurimo w’Imana ngo udata umuhamagaro. 4.5 Ibisubizo byacu igihe tuneguwe tuzira ubusa

Ntubifate nk’ibyawe wenyine Ni ibintu by’ingirakamaro ko udafata ibikubaho nk’ibyawe wenyine. Ntubifate nkaho utukwa wowe ubwawe gusa. Ntibigukomeretse. Ntutangire gushidikanya umuhamagaro wawe cyangwa ubushobozi bwawe mu murimo w’ubushumba. Abantu bakunegura ni yo kamere yabo, ntaho bihuriye n’uko uri mukuri cyangwa mu makosa cyangwa se ko ushoboye cyangwa udashoboye. Uko niko bateye, ni bantamunoza kamere yabo ni ukunegura kandi ntacyo bigera bashima. Reka mbahe urugero nifashishije ibijyanye n’igitabo cyitwa “The Shack” (soma sheke). Jye n’umugore wanjye Carol dutekereza ko ari igitabo gikomeye cyane kuko giha umuntu ugisoma kumva ibyerekeye amayobera y’Ubutatu Bwera n’ibitangaza by’ Ubuntu bw’Imana kuri twe abanyabyaha. Nyamara, umugore wanjye yahuye n’undi mugore ufite kamere yo kunegura kuburyo yatangiye kunegura icyo gitabo no ku cyamagana ariko ntiyari azi ko Carol agikunda cyane. Uyu mugore yari yarahawe ikasete (DVD) isebya icyo gitabo mu buryo bukomeye. Nyuma yo gutegera amatwi uwo mugore, Carol (umugore wanjye) yamubajije niba ubwe yaba yarigeze asoma icyo gitabo cyangwa niba gusa ashingiye kubyo undi muntu yavuze. Uwo mugore yemeye ko atarasoma icyo gitabo kandi ko usibye no kugisoma ataragica iryera. Icyo we yakoze ni ukwemera ibyo abandi bavugaga kuri icyo gitabo nubwo atigeze akibona na rimwe. Kuki ibi byamubayeho? Icyo navuga ni uko bigaragara ko uwo mugore yari afite kamere yo kunegura icyo aricyo cyose. Anegura cyane itorero muri Australia kubw’ibyo ntabwo byantangaza ko igisubizo ke cy’ibanze kuri buri kintu ari kubanza kunegura no kwizera amabwire. Niwumva amagambo mabi yo kunegura umuvugabutumwa cyangwa igitabo runaka, ntuzabyemere kugeza igihe ushoboye kubyigenzurira wowe ubwawe. Ushobora kuba uri kumva umuntu usanzwe ari umunyamagambo. Iki nicyo navuze kare ko hari abantu bamwe bafite kamere yo kunegurana gusa, kubw’ibyo ntuzabifate nkaho ari ibyawe gusa. Reka tugaruke kuri Mose, mu mateka hariho abantu bake bagize ubushobozi nk’ubwe. Ni umuyobozi w’intangarugero muri Bibiliya yose. Ntibishidikanywaho ko yabaye umuntu ukiranuka, wera w’Imana kurusha abandi bantu bose babayeho kuko tubona ko ariwe muntu wenyine wavuganye n’Imana imbona nkubone (Kubara 12:7-8). Ikigeretse kuri ibi, Mose yari umuntu usizwe amavuta y’Umwuka Wera kurusha abandi bayobozi bose waba warigeze utekereza, ariko nubwo bimeze bitya abantu bakomezaga kumunegura. Iki nicyo umuyobozi uwo ariwe wese akwiriye kumenya. Abantu nibakunegura bakuziza ubusa nawe ukabifata nk’igitutsi kuri wowe bwite, cyangwa nko gupfobya ubushobozi bwawe bwo kuyobora, uzagira ingorane mu buzima bwawe nk’umuyobozi. Ndashidikanya ko umuntu nk’uyu atazaramira mu buzima bw’ubuyobozi kuko abanegurana ntibazashira.

Raka Imana ikuburanire Kubara 12:1-3 ni urugero rwiza rw’uburyo dukwiye guhangana n’abatunegurira ubusa. Muri iki gice dusomamo uko Aroni na Miriyamu baneguye Mose, ariko dukomeje gusoma tubona ko Mose yari mu kuri kandi Aroni asa nuwari wagize ishyari nk’uko umurongo wa 2 n’uwa 3 bitwereka. Baravuga bati “Ni ukuri Uwiteka avugira mu kanwa ka Mose musa? Twe ntatuvugiramo?” Uwiteka arabyumva. Kandi uwo mugabo Mose yari umugwaneza urusha abandi bo mu isi bose. Ibyakurikiyeho bisomwa mu mirongo ya 4 kugeza ku 9, Uwiteka atungura Mose na Aroni na Miriyamu ati “Nimusohoke uko muri batatu, muze ku ihema ry’ibonaniro.” Basohoka uko ari batatu. 5 Uwiteka amanukira mu nkingi y’igicu, ahagarara mu muryango w’Ihema ryera, ahamagara Aroni na Miriyamu, bombi baraza. 6 Arababwira ati “Nimwumve amagambo yanjye: niba muri mwe hazavamo umuhanuzi, mu iyerekwa ni ho Uwiteka nzamwimenyeshereza, mu nzozi ni ho nzavuganira na we. 7 Umugaragu wanjye Mose si ko ameze, akiranuka mu rugo rwanjye hose. 8

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Uwo we tujya twivuganira n’akanwa kacu neruye, atari mu migani, kandi ishusho y’Uwiteka ajya ayibona. Nuko ni iki cyabatinyuye kunegura umugaragu wanjye Mose?” 9 Bikongereza uburakari bw’Uwiteka, aragenda. Zirikana cyane ko Mose atigeze ashaka kwirwanirira ahubwo yabirekeye Imana. Abaroma 12:19-20 hashobora gukoreshwa mubihe nk’ibi. Bakundwa ntimwihōranire ahubwo mureke Imana ihōreshe uburakari bwayo, kuko byanditswe ngo “Guhora ni ukwanjye, ni jye uzitura, ni ko Uwiteka avuga,” 20 Ahubwo umwanzi wawe na sonza umugaburire, nagira inyota umuhe icyo kunywa, kuko nugira utyo uzaba umurunzeho amakara yaka ku mutwe. Niba umuntu adukoreye nabi ntabwo natwe tugomba kumwitura tumukorera ikibi, uyu ni umurimo w’Imana wo kuduhorera. Umuntu wese ujya mu murimo wa gikristo uwo ari wo wose agomba kwitegura ko azanegurwa. Ibi byabaye kuri Yesu ni ngombwa ngo natwe bitubeho. Niba ibi bitubayeho ntidushake kwirwanirira cyangwa kwisobanura, ahubwo birekere Imana niyo mucamanza utabera w’ukuri. Zirikana ibyo mperutse gusoma mu gitabo cyanditswe na R.T Kendall12 ingingo ivuga ngo “Ntiwirwanirire mugihe bakuneguye.” Yingingaga abasoma ngo ntibanyage Imana inshingano isanzwe ikora neza cyane, umurimo wo kurengera abantu bayo bakosherejwe ni uwayo. Uwo mwanditsi yavuze ko bimwe mubintu Imana ikora neza ari ugukura urubwa ku bantu bayo bavuzwe nabi babeshyerwa, cyangwa bakomerekejwe mu buryo bunyuranye. Abivuga mu buryo butera umuntu gutekereza. Kendall yaranditse ngo “Ntugerageze gufasha Imana.” Arongera ati “Ntugerageze na rimwe, na rimwe kugerageza kwisobanura wikuraho uruvugo.” Iyi ni inshingano y’Imana. Yabikoreye Mose, natwe izabidukorera. Reba n’ubundi 1 Petero 5:6 Nuko mwicishe bugufi muri munsi y’ukuboko gukomeye kw’lmana, kugira ngo ibashyire hejuru mu gihe gikwiriye.

Komeza ukore ibyo Imana yaguhamagariye gukora Ikibazo gikunze kuboneka mugihe cyo kunegurwa ni uko tugerageza kwisobanura dushaka kwigira beza. Ariko nk’uko twabibonye haruguru, ntabwo ari ngombwa kwisobanura ahubwo dusabwa kubiharira Imana. Umurimo wawe ni ugukomeza gukora icyo Imana yaguhamagariye. Ntugerageze kugwa mu mutego wo gutakaza umwanya n’imbaraga wisobanura. Satani we azakunda ko aribyo uhugirwamo aho gukora ibyo Imana yagutumye. Muri Yohana 11: 37-39, Yesu yaduhaye urugero rwiza dukwiye gukurikiza. Igisubizo yahaye abari bamuzengurutse bamunegura kuko atari yashoboye kubuza Lazaro gupfa ni uko Yesu atafashe umwanya wo kwisobanura atanga impamvu ataje kare, ahubwo yikomereje umurimo we nk’uko Imana yari yamutumye. Uko niko natwe dukwiriye gukora. Bill Graham ni urundi rugero rukomeye kubyo kwerekana Kristo muri twe. Bill yagiye agira abantu bamunegura cyane kurusha undi muntu naba narigeze kumenya kandi abamunegura baturukaga mu matorero yizera Bibiliya. Ibyinshi byamuvugwagaho byari ibintu bitakwihanganirwa bisa naho bimukomeretsa rwose. Ariko byose kwari ukumuvuga gusa nta kuri kwarimo. Bill Graham yagiye abyirengagiza, yanga kwisobanura ubwe cyangwa nawe kunegura abamunegura avuga ibibi byabo. Yakomeje umurimo Imana yamuhaye gukora, abwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Mperutse gusoma ingingo yo mu kinyamakuru aho bavugaga ko Bill Graham yari yatoranijwe kuba umuntu wo mukinyejana cya makumyabiri abayobozi b’amatorero bemera kandi bubaha. Bill Graham nta na rimwe yigeze ateshuka ku nshingano z’umurimo Imana yamuhaye gukora, kubera ibyo Imana yaramurwaniriye imushyira hejuru.

Nturakazwe cyangwa ngo ukomeretswe n’ibivugwa Nabivuzeho haruguru ariko nshaka kubisubiramo kuko n’umuyobozi wubaha Imana ashobora kugwa muri uyu mutego. Na Mose ubwe yawuguyemo. Mu Kubara 20: 2-12 tuhasoma uburyo abantu bivovoteye Mose bamuziza ubusa. Umurongo wa 4, “Kandi mwazaniye iki iteraniro ry’Uwiteka muri ubu butayu, ngo dupfiremo n’amatungo yacu?” Imana yabwiye Mose kubwira urutare rugatanga amazi ariko Mose n’uburakari bwose akubita urutare, “Ni mwumve mwa bagome

12

Kendall, Out of the Comfort Zone, 140

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mwe muri iki gitare twabakuriramo amazi? “ (Kubara 20:10) Ntabwo tuzi neza icyateye Mose kutumvira Imana akarakarira abantu ariko kandi dukwiye kumwumva. Uburyo bivovotaga n’uburyo bamuneguraga byari bikomeye kuburyo bitoroshye kubyihanganira, cyane cyane k’umuntu uzirikana ko kuri ubu bari bakwiye kuba barageze mu gihugu cy’isezerano bari kwishimira ibyiza byacyo. Ni ukutizera kw’abantu kwabateye kudindirira m’ubutayu ariko bahisemo kubishyira kuri Mose bamwivovotera aho kwemera ingaruka z’ibikorwa byabo. Birashoboka kandi ko uburuhe bw’umubiri bwa Mose nabwo bwabaye intandaro yo kugaragaza amarangamutima mabi. Iyo turushye bishobora gutuma tutabona ibintu neza bityo bikaba byatuma dufata ibyemezo cyangwa tugafata ingendo tutari gufata igihe muburyo bw’umubiri no mubitekerezo tutarushye. Amategeko yasabye ko habaho umunsi w’i Sabato nk’ikiruhuko. Iri hame ni ikintu k’ingenzi cyane no kuri twe abari mu Isezerano Rishya. Kuruhuka neza bidufasha guhangana n’abatunegura m’uburyo bwubaka. Reka nongereho ko ari inama ikomeye nziza yo kudafata ibyemezo bikomeye igihe uri kumva urwaye cyangwa unaniwe cyane. Ibi byombi bishobora guhindura uko ubona ibintu cyangwa uko wizera.

Senga kandi wizere ko Umwuka Wera ashobora guhindura ibihe uri gucamo Isengesho n’igikoresho cy’intagereranywa gituma Imana izana ihinduka ry’ibihe. Sengera abantu bakunegura. Uzatangazwa n’ibyo Imana izakora ku bwawe. 4.6 Genzura neza ko abayobozi bawe buzuye Umwuka Inama za Yetiro kuri Mose zo guhindura imiterere y’ubuyobozi bwe zabaye ingira kamaro kandi zatumye noneho abantu bashobora gukomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu gihugu cy’isezerano. Ariko dusoma mu Kubara 11 ko ibintu byakomeje kudogera kuri Mose k’uburyo yavuze ati” Simbasha guheka ubu bwoko bwose jyenyine, kuko buremereye simbushobore. 15 Niba ugenza utyo ndakwinginze nyica mveho, niba nkugiriyeho umugisha ne kubona ibyago byanjye” (Kubara 11:14-15). Igisubizo cy’Imana kirashimishije, Uwiteka abwira Mose ati, “Nteraniriza abagabo mirongo irindwi bo mu bakuru b’Abisirayeli, abo uzi ko ari abakuru b’abantu koko n’abatware babo, ubazane ku ihema ry’ibonaniro bahagararaneho nawe. 17 Nanjye ndi bumanuke mvuganireyo nawe, nende ku Mwuka ukuriho mubashyireho. Na bo bazajya bahekana nawe uwo mutwaro w’abantu, we kuwuheka wenyine (Kubara 11:16-17). Nyuma k’umurongo wa 25 dusoma ngo, “Uwiteka amanukira muri cya gicu avugana nawe, yenda ku Mwuka umuriho, amushyira kuri abo bakuru uko ari mirongo irindwi. Nuko Umwuka abaguyeho barahanura, bagarukiriza aho.” Ibi bimbwira ko igihe ari ngombwa guhindura imiterere y’ubuyobozi bishobora gutuma habaho ugukura kw’itorero no mu gihe ari ngombwa ko tugira mu itsinda ryacu ry’ubuyobozi abantu bubaha Imana, kandi bashoboye umurimo ni ikintu k’ingenzi ko baba buzuye Umwuka Wera, kuko bitabaye bityo umurimo uzakomera cyane bizitire ugukura kw’itorero. Mu Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:2-3 tubona iri hame rishyirwa mu bikorwa n’intumwa igihe basabaga ko itorero ritoranya abagabo barindwi bagashingwa umurimo wo gukusanya no gusaranganya ibiribwa. Abo cumi na babiri bahamagara abigishwa bose bati “Ntibikwiriye ko turekera kwigisha ijambo ry’Imana kwicara ku meza tugabura. 3 Nuko bene Data, mutoranye muri mwe abantu barindwi bashimwa, buzuye Umwuka Wera n’ubwenge, tubashyire kuri uwo murimo.” Kimwe mubyo abo bagabo bagombaga kuba bujuje ni ‘ukuzura Umwuka Wera’ ni ukuvuga abantu bashobora gukorera m’ubuyobozi n’imbaraga by’Umwuka Wera bakoresha impano bahawe. Nkunda gutangiza buri nama yose y’itorero amasengesho yo kuramya no guhimbaza aho gutangiza isengesho rigufi gusa. Ibi bituma abantu bumva akamaro k’Umwuka mubyo tugiye gukora. Ntabwo tugiye gusa kuvuga no gufata imyanzuro nk’iyindi yose isanzwe, ahubwo tugiye kugerageza kugenzurira hamwe ubushake bw’Imana kuri buri kintu mu biri k’umurongo w’ibyigwa. Iki ni ikintu gikomeye ku matorero yose akwiye kubaha cyane nk’amatorero y’Ababatisita n’ay’Ivugabutumwa ry’Inshuti kuko akorera muri gahunda iha abakristo bose ijambo. Ni ingira

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kamaro ko dushimangira ko ayo matorero adasabwa gukorera mu bwisanzure (demokarasi) aho buri wese ahabwa uburenganzira bwo gutanga igitekerezo cye. Itorero ntabwo rikorera muri gahunda ya demokarasi ahubwo rifite gahunda y’ubuyobozi bw’Imana n’ubwa Kristo (theocratic and Christocratic). Gahunda iha buri mukristo uburenganzira bw’ibitekerezo ishingira ku ihame rya Bibiliya rivuga ko twese twahawe gutekereza nk’ukwa Kristo, kubw’ibyo iyo itorero riteraniye hamwe kujya inama rishobora kumva neza ubushake bw’Imana kuri ryo. Umugambi w’inama y’itorero ni ugushaka guhishukirwa ugutekereza kwa Kristo ku itorero aho kureka buri wese akavuga icyo ashatse. Si ukuvuga ikije mu mutwe gusa, ahubwo ni ukuvuga icyo Kristo ashyize k’umutima wawe kuri iyo ngingo iri kuvugwaho! Gufata ibihe bihagije byo gusenga no kuramya Imana mbere yo gutangira inama birushaho gushimangira iri hame ryo gushaka kumenya ugutekereza kwa Kristo ku itorero ryanyu cyane cyane mubihe by’inama y’itorero.

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Umutwe wa 5.

Kuzana ihinduka ryubaka. 5.1 Umuyobozi agomba kuzana ihinduka Nigeze kuvuga ko umwe mu nshuti zanjye yasobanuye ko “Inshingano yambere ikomeye y’umuyobozi ni ukuvana abantu ahantu akabageza ahandi hashya heza.” Kugira ngo ibi gigerweho agomba guhindura ibintu kandi bigahindukira ku gihe gikwiye kandi bigahindurwa mu nzira nziza. Ububasha bwo guhindura ibintu nibwo butandukanya umuyobozi n’umutware. Umutware ashobora kureka gahunda yari isanzwe igakomeza uko yakabaye ndetse ashobora no gutuma irushaho gukora neza ariko icyerekezo kigakomeza kuba kimwe. Abayobozi bo bahindura ibintu muburyo bwiza no kugihe gikwiriye bituma habaho umusaruro mwinshi w’ibikorwa gusumba uwabonekaga mbere. Basa n’abahinduye imirongo na gahunda zagenderwagaho ariko bigahinduka mu nzira ziboneye kandi kuburyo gahunda nshya ituma haboneka inyungu nyinshi ku ishyirahamwe n’abarigize. Ntabwo amatorero n’imiryango ya gikristo bihejwe muri iyi gahunda y’ihinduka, nabyo bigomba kuyoborwa n’abantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kuyobora no guhindura ibintu bimwe na bimwe igihe cyose bakeneye ugukura no kwaguka aho gucunga neza gusa ibihari nkabatware babyo. Imiryango yose isabwa guhindura za gahunda rimwe na rimwe. Ntabwo nzi igihe na kimwe cyaba kizira guhindura uko ibintu byari bisanzwe bikorwa cyangwa inzira byazagamo niba ihinduka ariryo ryazana umusaruro mwinshi. Mbere y’uko haduka imashini za mudasobwa nibura buri biro byagiraga imashini imwe yandika ndetse bimwe mubiro bikomeye habaga hari icyumba kirimo imashini zandika nyinshi n’abazandikisha bandika impapuro z’ibiro n’ibindi. Imashini zandika ntaho zikiri mu bihugu byateye imbere, zasimbuwe na zamudasobwa ibyo byatumye amashyirahamwe yakoraga imashini za ndika agomba guhindura imikorere cyangwa amenshi arafunga. Ubumenyi bw’isi butwereka ko hari amoko amwe y’inyamaswa zitakibaho nk’iyitwa dinosaur (soma dinosoro) kuko zitashoboye kwihanganira ihinduka ry’ibihe ku isi. Iyi niyo ndunduro y’ishyirahamwe cyangwa umuryango uwo ari wo wose udashaka kugira ibyo uhindura mugihe isi yo idasiba guhinduka cyane cyane mu ikoranabuhanga ryayo, itorero siryo ryakagombye gusigara inyuma. 5.2 Hindura uburyo ariko ntuhindure ubutumwa Reka numvikanishe neza ko ndashaka kuvuga ko dukwiye guhindura ubutumwa kugira ngo abantu bo mu isi ya none barusheho kumva. Oya, inyigisho za Yesu n’iz’intumwa zifite umwimerere wazo none nk’uko zari ziwufite mugihe cyashize, ni iz’agaciro nk’uko byari bimeze mu gihe cy’itorero rya mbere kugeza ubu ntizihinduka. Igihinduka ni uburyo bukoreshwa bwo kuzigisha abantu. Ubwoko bwa muzika dukoresha, imvugo dukoresha, ahantu n’igihe duterana kubwo gusenga, uko twambara n’uko tuyobora amateraniro yacu ibyo ni bimwe mu byakomeza kugenda bihindurwa uko ibihe bigenda bisimburanwa kugira ngo itorero rivuge ubutumwa mu buryo butanga umusaruro mwiza ushimishije. Birashimishije kuvuga ko igihe Umwuka Wera yayoboraga intumwa kwandika ibitabo by’Isezerano Rishya, batoranije ururimi rw’Ikigeriki rukoreshwa n’abantu bose aho gukoresha ikigeriki gikoreshwa n’abahanga bize cyane. Ikigiriki cya rubanda rwose cyakoreshwaga n’abantu bose nicyo itorero rya mbere ryashimye kwandikamo Ubutumwa bwiza mu muco n’ururimi rwumvikana kuri buri wese. Bashobora ga kuba baranditse mugiheburayo bakisobanura ko arirwo rurimi Imana yakoresheje iha Abisirayeli amategeko cumi kubw’ibyo bakavuga ko ari ururimi rwera. Bari no gushobora gukoresha ikigiriki cya kera kuko cyari ururimi rw’ubuvanganzo bityo bikaba byaba umuyoboro mwiza wo gutangamo ukuri kw’iby’umwuka muburyo bwimbitse. Ariko ibyo byose sibyo bakoze ahubwo bahisemo ururimi ruvugwa na rubanda rwose. Igihe abatizera bumvaga ubutumwa cyangwa bakajya mu materaniro yo gusenga Imana, ntibahuraga n’ibintu bisa n’ibinyuranye n’ibyo bazi bisanzwe mu muco wabo wa buri munsi.

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Ndizera ko ihame nk’iri ryakoreshwa muri kino gihe. Imwe mu mpamvu zatumye amatorero y’ikigo cy’ubuzima bwa gikristo akura cyane muri Autralia ni uko bahisemo guhindura uburyo bwabo bwo kuririmba, uburyo bwo kuyobora amateraniro yo gusenga, uburyo bw’imyambarire, n’ibindi nk’ibi kugirango bagaragare nk’ab’iki gihe. Ubutumwa babwiriza n’ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya, bwo rero ntibujyana n’igihe, ariko butangwa mu buryo n’umuco w’abantu bateranira aho n’abahakikije. Ikibabaje ni uko amatorero amwe, mu kifuzo cyo kugera kunyota y’abayoboke, ikibanze bakora ni uguhindura ubutumwa. Urugero, abenshi mubihugu by’Iburengerazuba babona ko igitekerezo cy’umuriro utazima (irimbukiro) kidashoboka. Kubw’ibyo ayo matorero yigisha ko umuriro utazima utabaho. Bagerageza kwigisha ibitangaza bimwe byo muri Bibiliya muburyo abantu babasha kubyumva muburyo bw’ubwenge bwabo atari muburyo bwo kwizera gusa. Bashobora kwemerera abagabo baryamana n’abandi bagabo kuba abayobozi bakuru b’amatorero, cyangwa bakagira intege nke muguhana abashumba bakoze ibyaha nko gusambana. Bashyira ku ruhande igitekerezo cy’uko Bibiliya ari ijambo ridahinduka ry’Imana rifite ububasha muri byose kandi riyobora ukwizera kwacu. Bibeshya ko guhindura ubutumwa bwa Bibiliya byatuma baba abantu bajyana n’igihe. Ubushakashatsi k’ugukura kw’itorero bwerekanye ko ikinyuranyo kibi ari ko kuri. Ubutumwa bwa Bibiliya ni ukuri kudahinduka kandi niba twateshuka nkana kucyo buvuga twagira akaga gakomeye. Dukwiye kumenya ko ubutumwa bwiza bwagiye buri gihe buhangana n’isi n’imigenzo yayo, rero ntabwo twahindura ubutumwa kugira ngo abantu bakunde batwemere cyangwa batuyoboke. Ariko tugomba guhindura uburyo dutangamo ubwo butumwa uyu munsi kugirango butabera abantu ibuye risitaza rikabazitira kwinjira mu nzu y’Imana. Ibuye ryose risitaza ryari rikwiye guturuka m’ubutumwa bwiza bwa “Kristo wabambwe” aho guturuka mu mico n’uburyo bwacu bitajyanye n’igihe. Reba 1 Abikorinto 1: 23 – 24, ariko twebweho tubabwiriza ibya Kristo wabambwe. Uwo ku Bayuda ni ikigusha, ku banyamahanga ni ubupfu, 4 ariko ku bahamagawe b’Abayuda n’Abagiriki ni Kristo, ari we mbaraga z’Imana kandi ni ubwenge bwayo. Gereranya na 1 Abakorinto 10:32-33. Ntimukabere Abayuda ikigusha, cyangwa abagiriki cyangwa Itorero ry’Imana, 33 nk’uko nanjye nezeza bose muri byose, sinishakira ikinyungura ubwanjye, keretse icyungura benshi kugira ngo bakizwe. Tugomba gukoresha uko dushoboye kugirango gahunda zacu, imico yacu itari iya Bibiliya ntibibangamire imikurire myiza y’itorero. 5.3 Impamvu tugomba guhindura Hari impamvu eshatu z’ingenzi zituma amatorero akeneye guhindura.

Ibintu bibakikije birahinduka

Hari ibintu bitagenda neza mu itorero

Ibintu byose biragenda neza ariko ihinduka rigomba gukorwa kugirango twizere neza ko ugukura gukomeza kubaho.

Reka turebe imwe imwe muri izi ngingo mu buryo burambuye.

Icya mbere, itorero rikwiye kuba igisubizo cy’aho rikorera, ariko niba aho rikorera hahinduka naryo rigomba kugira ibyo rihindura. Urugero, itorero rikorera ahantu hatuye abanyabwenge bize amashuri menshi ritandukanye n’itorero rikorera mukarere gakennye kashegeshwe n’iby’amoko, rero niba akarere kagenda gahinduka itorero rigomba guhindukana nako. Uburyo na gahunda itorero rikoresha ahantu habantu bize bo murwego rwo hejuru bitandukanye n’ibyakoreshwa ahantu hakennye hatuye abantu amoko yashegeshe.

Rimwe na rimwe igihugu cyose gishobora guhinduka. Umubyeyi wanjye yambwiye inkuru z’ukuntu mu myaka y’ 1920 kugera 1930 abantu biyubashye bo muri Australia bajyaga mu materaniro y’umugoroba yo ku cyumweru naho babaga batarakizwa. Ibi byahaga amatorero y’ivugabutumwa kubwiriza umubare munini w’abatizera rimwe na rimwe bigatanga umusaruro munini w’abihana. Ariko mu myaka y’1950 kugera 1960 ibi byarahindutse maze abadakijijwe

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bahagarika kujya mu materaniro ya buri gihe. Bamwe bavuga ko ibyo byatewe n’intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose yaba yarahinduye imyumvire y’abantu. Abandi batunga agatoki umwaduko wa za televiziyo n’ibindi byuma by’ikoranabuhanga, byatumaga abantu bigumira mu rugo bareba sinema cyane cyane nko mugihe cy’ubukonje bw’itumba. Impamvu iyo ariyo yose, igitekerezo ni uko akamenyero ko kujya mu materaniro kagabanutse cyane, kubw’ibyo rero n’itorero ryagombaga guhindura imikorere. Ikibabaje, ni uko amatorero menshi ntiyahindutse ahubwo yakomeje guterana mu materaniro yo ku mugoroba ku cyumweru agenewe abatari abanyetorero uko byari bisanzwe n’ubwo ntabantu bari bakiyazamo. Guhindura ayo matorero ngo ahindure imikorere aho guterana asange abantu mu ngo asangire nabo ubutumwa ntabwo byari byoroheye benshi mubatsimbarara kumigenzo y’idini.

Umuyobozi kandi agomba guhindura cyane cyane iyo hari ibintu byamakosa bikorwa mu itorero. Urugero niba hari ibikorwa byatangijwe mu itorero ariko bikaba birizanira ubuhamya bubi, cyangwa n’ibintu bikorwa ariko ntibitange umusaruro n’ubwo bitwara imbaraga nyinshi n’amafranga menshi y’itorero, izo mbaraga n’amafranga byari bikwiriye gushyirwa mu bindi bintu byazanira itorero umusaruro. Iki cya nyuma ni ikibazo mu matorero yo mubihugu by’Iburengerazuba byateye imbere. Kugerageza gukuraho gahunda yamaze imyaka ikoreshwa mu itorero rimwe na rimwe bishobora gufatwa nk’ikizira ariko kenshi ni ngombwa niba itorero rishaka gutera imbere hanyuma rikavuga ubutumwa butanga umusaruro mu karere rikoreramo.

Rimwe na rimwe ihinduka rikenerwa no mugihe ibintu byose bigenda neza. Ibi byabayeho mu Byakozwe n’Intumwa 6 aho cumi na babiri bagombye guhindura urutonde rw’inzego zabo batoranya abagabo barindwi bakabashinga gusaranganya ibiribwa. Biradhoboka ko itorero ryawe riri gukura cyane m’uburyo bwihuta kuburyo bitoroshye ko abaza guterana bakwirwa bose m’urusengero mu gihe kimwe. Mugihe nk’iki umuyobozi agomba gufata icyemezo cy’icyakorwa hanyuma agashishikariza abo ayoboye kumushyigikira muri icyo cyemezo. Afite amahitamo atandukanye, ashobora kugira irindi teraniro, ashobora kwagura urusengero, ashobora gutangiza irindi torero cyangwa ishami mu mudugudu wegereye aho akorera, cyangwa agatangiza andi matorero hirya no hino akorera munsi y’iryo ryayabyaye.

Icyo yahitamo cyose, ni ihinduka kandi agomba kuzana ihinduka. Umuyobozi nahitamo kutagira na kimwe akora, kuko afite ubwoba bw’ibyo abantu bazavuga cyangwa bazakora cyangwa kuko abona ko umurimo ari munini cyane kuburyo kuwishyiraho byabyara akaga aho kubaka. Nubwo ihinduka rigomba gushingira ku mpamvu z’ukuri kandi zubaka, agomba kugira icyo akora naho ubundi ibintu bizamuhindukana kandi bibe bibi kuruta ko yagira icyo akora.

Reka ntange urugero rw’ibyo. Nzi itorero muri Australia ryakuraga cyane bitewe n’abantu benshi bihanaga bishoboka ko ariryo torero ryari rinini mumatorero yo mu miryango mpuza matorero ryarimo. Ugeranije n’abaturage batuye aho ryakoreraga ubona ko ariryo ryari rifite umubare munini w’abaza guterana. Ryagiraga amateraniro abiri ku cyumweru, rimwe ryabaga mu gitondo irindi rigakorwa k’umugoroba. Intebe zose zaruzuraga muri ayo materaniro yombi ndetse bagatera intebe no muyindi myanya yo mu mpande z’urusengero isanzwe igenewe kunyurwamo gusa. Bakomezaga bibaza igikwiye gukorwa, hanyuma kuko itorero ryari riyobowe muburyo buha abakristo umudendezo wo gufata ibyemezo, ryafashe icyemezo cyo kutagira icyo rihindura. Nyuma y’imyaka mike itorero ryatangiye gusubira inyuma kugeza ubwo abaterana bicara kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’intebe zateguwe. Kuki ibi byabayeho gutyo? Hari impamvu nyinshi.

Abantu bamwe bahagaritse gukomeza kuza guterana mugihe babonaga ko baza kugerayo batinze gato bagasanga imyanya yose yafashwe.

Abandi bahisemo kujya bigumira mu rugo aho kujya kurwanira ibyicaro mur’urusengero.

Itorero ryagabanije umuvuduko mu ivugabutumwa kuko ab’itorero batinyaga ko nibararika umuntu mushya batazamubonera ikicaro bageze m’urusengero.

Itorero ryatakaje ibyishimo ryaterwaga n’abantu bashya bongerwaga kubasanzwe uko bukeye n’uko bwije.

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Igihe bari bataye icyerekezo cyo kuzana abantu bashya mu rusengero batangiye gusa naho bisubiyemo bajorana abandi banegurana.

Ibi bitangiye itorero ryatakaje umubare munini w’abakristo basubira inyuma.

Ndibuka ubwo navuganaga n’umwe mubayobozi b’iryo torero nyuma y’imyaka mike bafashe icyemezo cyo kutagira icyo bahindura, uwo muyobozi yari ababaye cyane kubera gusubira inyuma kw’itorero rye. Yavuze ko atekereza ko umubare w’abakristo watangiye kugabanuka ubwo bafataga icyemezo cyo kudakora amateraniro abiri ku cyumweru cyangwa ngo batangire kwagura urusengero. Yavuze uburyo batangiye bavuga ko ugusubira inyuma mu mitangire y’amaturo no guterana byaba biterwa n’amapfa yari yabaye muri ako karere muri icyo gihe ariko yaje kuvumbura ko byatewe n’icyemezo kitari kiza cyo kutagira icyo bakora mugihe urusengero rwari rwabaye ruto ugereranije n’abaterana ku cyumweru. 5.4 Umuyobozi agomba kuba yiteguye impinduka Ugukura bisaba guhinduka kandi umuyobozi agomba kwitegurira ihinduka niba ashaka ko itorero rikura. Nkunda umugani uvuga ngo “Abantu bamwe bapfa kumyaka mirongo itatu ariko ntibashyingurwa kugeza bagejeje ku myaka mirongo irindwi.” Ibi ni ukuvuga ko abantu bamwe batakaza ikifuzo cyo guhinduka ku myaka mirongo itatu ariko ntahinduka ribayeho no gukura ntibishoboka. Nta gukura ntabuzima buba buhari kandi ntakwishimira ubuzima kwabaho. Abo bantu basa nabishyize mu ruzitiro k’uburyo ikintu cyose kibasaba guhindura ibyo bamenyereye kugirango bakure kiba gikingiraniwe inyuma y’urwo ruzitiro, bityo bazibira ibyo Imana yateganije ku bwabo mugice gisigaye cy’ubuzima; bagasa n’abamaze gupfa nubwo bakigaragara nk’abariho. Hari undi mugani nawo nasanze uvuga ukuri. “Impirimbanyi z’impinduka zihinduka abarwanya ihinduka.” Ibi bivuga ko abantu bari bafite umuhati w’ihinduka bakiri bato usanga iyo bakuze barwanya ihinduka, cyane cyane iyo ibisabwa guhinduka ari ibyo baharaniye mugihe cy’ubuto bwabo. Ibi ni ibintu abashumba bagomba kwitwararika. Urugero rw’ibi, umuzika ni mwiza, ariko abashumba bashobora kurwanya umuntu wese wagerageza kwinjiza umuzika w’injyana z’iki gihe mu materaniro asanzwe yo gusenga naho abaharanira guhindura injyana ya muzika bafite umugambi umwe n’uwo abo bashumba bigeze bagira mugihe cyabo cy’ubusore. Nkunda aya magambo yavuzwe na William A. Hewitt13, “Kuba umuyobozi, mu myaka y’ubuzima bwawe ugomba kwizigamamo umuco wo kwakira ibitekerezo bishya.” Ukoreshe uko ushoboye ube mu mwanya wahora wumva witeguye kwakira ibitekerezo bishya. Ukunde kwegera abantu bari gukorera Imana ibintu bikomeye, utegere amatwi ibyo bavuga, witegereze ibyo bakora, utekereze kubyo ubona, ufate cyangwa ukoreshe ibyo ubona biboneye. 5.5 Abantu ntabwo bakunda impinduka, hindura rero igihe ari ngombwa Abantu iteka barwanya ihinduka kandi barirwanya kubw’impamvu nyinshi. Umuntu umwe yavuze ko abantu n’ibyaremwe bigira akamenyero kubw’ibyo ikintu cyose kinyuranye n’icyo bari bamenyereye bagomba kukirwanya. Naho cyaba ari ikibazanira ibyiza, bazakirwanya. Ntabwo bazakirwanya gusa ahubwo bazagerageza uko bashoboye ngo bazibire ihinduka. Inshuti yanjye yakoreraga ishyirahamwe ryari rikeneye guhindura uko ibiro byaryo bimeze, ariko mbere y’uko abikora umuyobozi mukuru yamugiriye inama avuga ko nabikora abantu bamwe bazava muri iryo shyirahamwe kubwo guhindura uko ibiro byari bisanzwe biteguwe. Inshuti yanjye yarashidikanije yibaza ukuntu abantu bavanwa mu ishyirahamwe n’uko ibiro byahinduye umuteguro wabyo ariko mugihe gito amaze guhindura uwo muteguro w’ibiro abantu bamwe bahise basezera mu ishyirahamwe. Abantu bamwe barwanya ihinduka bidatewe gusa n’uko ari ibiremwa bikunda ibimenyerewe ahubwo baterwa ubwoba n’icyo iryo hinduka rizabazanira. Bibaza bati: “Ese tuzarushaho kugubwa neza cyangwa tuzava naho twari turi?” Abantu batinya ikintu cyose gishyashya kuri bo, iyi rero niyo mpamvu umuyobozi w’itorero agomba gusobanurira abantu be inyungu ziri mu ihinduka rigiye

13

Maxwell, Devekoping the Leader within You, 51

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gukorwa n’impamvu ari byiza guhindura. Itorero nateraniragamo mu myaka ishize, igihe ryashaka kujya rikora irindi teraniro rya kabiri mu gitondo ku cyumweru kubera abantu buzuraga urusengero cyane, ubuyobozi bwafashe igihe cy’amezi atatu busobanurira abakristo impamvu bateganya iteraniro rya kabiri n’inyungu ibyo bizazanira itorero. Kubw’ingaruka nziza y’ibi, igihe cyo kubikora byagenze neza cyane. Ese baba baratanze itangazo ritunguranye ku cyumweru ko guhera ku cyumweru gitaha bazatangira kugira amateraniro abiri, buri rimwe riterana ku isaha itandukanye n’irindi? Kandi ko abantu bagomba guhitamo iteraniro bazazamo iryo ariryo? Ndizera ko iyo bikorwa gutya ukuntu byakozwe neza ntabwo ariko byazaga kugenda iyo riba itangazo gusa. Ariko ihinduka iteka ritera ibibazo kuko abantu muri kamere yabo barwanya ihinduka ry’ibintu. Ibi rero bivuga ko umuyobozi agomba kwitondera kudapfa guhindagura ibintu kubwo guhindura gusa. Ihinduka rigomba gutekerezwaho kandi rigomba kubanza kubonwa ko rizazanira inyungu itorero mbere y’uko ubuyobozi butangira kurishyira mu bikorwa. Ihinduka rya buri kanya ritagira umusaruro ufatika rizatera impagarara mu itorero kubw’uko mubisanzwe abantu basanzwe barwanya ihinduka. Reka nongere kwifashisha ibyo Wiliam yavuze ati “Ubwiza bw’ubuyobozi ushobora gutanga buzaturuka k’ubushobozi bwawe bwo gusesengura ibitekerezo bishya, kumenya gutandukanya ihinduka kubwo guhindura gusa n’ihinduka rikorwa kubw’inyungu z’abantu.” 14 Reka dutekereze ko hari gahunda ikorwa mu itorero ariko bigaragara ko idakora neza, hanyuma ubuyobozi bugasanga bukwiye gufata icyemezo k’icyakorwa ngo ibintu bigende neza. Bagomba kubanza gutekereza ikiguzi cyo guhagarika iyo gahunda cyangwa guhindura iyo gahunda n’ikiguzi cyo kubireka bigakomeza uko bisanzwe. Akenshi gahunda z’itorero cyane cyane gahunda zimaze imyaka zikurikizwa, byaba byiza kuzisimbuza cyangwa kuzihindura kuko zamaze gutakaza imbaraga zo gutanga umusaruro kandi zikaba zitwara igihe n’imbaraga by’ubusa. Rimwe na rimwe bizitira gahunda nziza zagombaga gutangizwa aho itorero rikorera. Niba hari gahunda ihagaritswe abantu bamwe bazumva bakomeretse ndetse bumve ko bajugunywe hanyuma birashoboka ko bahitamo kuva muri iryo torero naho ibyakozwe ubuyobozi bwaba bwarabikoranye ubuhanga n’ubushishozi bukomeye. Iki ni kimwe mu kiguzi tugomba gutanga niba dushaka ko amatorero yacu akura. Reka ngaruke kuri rya torero twigeze tuvugaho ryanze kugira ihinduka igihe abantu bari bamaze kuba benshi batakibona ibyicaro bibakwiye mu rusengero. Niba itorero ryarashakaga gukura byanze bikunze ryagombaga guhindura cyangwa gukora ibintu muburyo bunyuranye n’ubwari busanzwe. Ariko, iyo bahindura hanyuma bakongera irindi teraniro kuyari asanzwe, ndizera ko umubare muto w’abantu bamwe bari kurwanya iyo mpinduka bakaba banava muri iryo torero. Iki ni ikintu gishimishije kuri kamere ya muntu. Barwanya ihinduka ariko ugasanga mukurirwanya nabo bishyize murindi hindura rikomeye, kuba umuntu yari asanganywe itorero none kubwo kurwanya ihinduka riri gukorwa bimusabye guhindura ashaka irindi torero ryo gusengeramo. Ihinduka rigomba kubaho ariko ubuyobozi busabwa kugira ubwenge kugira ngo bamenye ikigomba guhinduka n’igihe gikwiye cyo kugihindura. Kumenya igihe gikwiye cyo guhindura ni ingirakamaro nk’uko ihindura naryo ari ingenzi. 5.6. Abantu bagomba kubanza ku kwizera mbere y’uko batangira kugukurikira no kwemera ihinduka Kugira ngo abantu batangire gushyira mubikorwa ihinduka bagomba kubanza kwizera umuyobozi. Bashaka kubanza kumenya ko uri umuyobozi w’inyangamugayo, udashaka guhindura ibintu kubw’inyungu zawe bwite ahubwo ukora ibyo utekereza ko byazanira inyungu itorero ryose. Bakeneye kumenya ko ubakunda kandi ubitangira kandi ibyifuzo byabo ubifite k’umutima. Nk’uko twigeze tubivuga, “usabwa kubakunda mbere y’uko ubayobora” Ndibuka ingingo nasomye irebana no gukura kw’itorero yavugaga ko amatorero menshi atigeze akura kugeza umushumba amaze aho hantu imyaka itanu cyangwa itandatu. Umugambi w’iyo ngingo y’ikinyamakuru kwari ugushishikariza abashumba kuguma mu matorero yabo igihe kirekire

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Maxwell, Developing the Leader within You, 51

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gishoboka aho guhora bimuka buri kanya. Ibitekerezo byanjye ni uko uko gukura kw’amatorero adahindagura abashumba biterwa nuko uko umushumba atinda ahantu biha abakristo uburyo bwo kwiga no kumenya neza umushumba wabo ibyo bigatuma bamwizera ko yazana ihinduka kandi rikagerwaho. Nizerako ntamusaruro bishobora gutanga igihe abashumba bahindura amatorero buri myaka itatu, ukeneye igihe kirenze icyo kugira ngo ushobore kubaka icyizere mubantu hanyuma itorero ritangire gukura muburyo bugaragara. Imyaka mike ishize nahuye n’umushumba turaganira ndi kumwe n’umugore wanjye. Muri icyo kiganiro twagiranye yatubwiye ko mu myaka cumi iri imbere azajya mukiruhuko k’izabukuru ariko ko we yiyumvamo ko yakora indi myaka itatu gusa. Natangajwe nibyo avuze ko yiyumva kuba yayobora indi myaka itatu gusa. Ariko mbitekerejeho cyane nabonye ko uwo mushumba yayoboraga muburyo bw’abatware bukomeza ibintu uko byari biri ariko ntagukura kwari kwarabonetse mu matorero yose yari yarayoboye. Impamvu yumvaga yamara indi myaka itatu gusa ni uko we yari azi neza ko ntakindi kintu gishya afite yaha abantu nyuma yiyo myaka. Aho gutangira gutegura kuva m’umurimo yari gutegura uburyo bwo gukura kwe kugira ngo ahinduke umuyobozi uzana ihinduka, agatera itorero gukura. Nzi abashumba bagiye bajya ku matorero bafite imigambi ikomeye ariko baje gucibwa intege n’uko batashyigikiye iyerekwa ryabo. Ikibazo cyabo cyari uburyo bubiri.

Icya mbere, bumvise nabi ubuyobozi icyo aricyo. Ubuyobozi ni ugutuma abantu bagukurikira; ntabwo ari ugutegura imigambi no gutanga amabwiriza gusa.

Icyakabiri, nta ngamba bashyizeho zituma babanza kubaka icyizere cy’abantu kuri bo. Nta na rimwe cyangwa ni gake cyane icyizere cyizana mukanya gato, bimara igihe, ndetse byashoboka ko byamara imyaka. Niba itorero rigenda rihindura ubuyobozi vuba na vuba, yenda umushumba yimurirwa kurindi torero rinini kuruta iryo, nta narimwe ab’itorero bazabona ko ubitangira cyangwa ubakunda ahubwo bazibona nkaho ari iteme ryambukirwaho nabajya mu myanya yo hejuru cyangwa mu matorero manini.

Icyizere gisaba kugira ngo ukuze imigenderanire n’abantu, cyane cyane abayobozi b’ingenzi. Iyo ibi bibaye abantu bakabona ko uri umuntu w’inyangamugayo ubakunda, bazakugirira icyizere kandi biyumvemo kugushyikira. Aha rero niho wabagezaho iyerekwa ryawe maze ugatangira ihinduka muburyo bworoshye. Urufunguzo rwo kuzazana ihinduka ni uguteza imbere imibanire yawe nabo uyoboye. 5.7 Abantu bemera ihinduka ku ntera zitandukanye Ikintu nigiye mu kazi kanjye k’iby’amashanyarazi ni uko iyo haje ikintu gikoranywe ubuhanga bushya ku isoko ukwemerwa kwacyo gukurikira uko inzogera iteye. Abantu bakunda udushya bahagarariye ijanisha rito ry’ abazahita bagikoresha. Nyuma gato, abandi bantu bazatangira kukigura no kugikoresha. Aba bantu bazakurikiraho nabo bazaba ari ijanisha rito ugeranije n’umubare w’abaguzi bakenewe ku isoko. Nyuma nibwo rubanda rwose ruzitabira kugura cya kintu cyashyizwe ku isoko. Umubare w’abakoresha icyo kintu uzatangira kugabanuka igihe abantu b’imbere bakomeye batangiye kureka kugikoresha bahinduriye mu ikindi gishya cyadutse. Kubw’uko ukwemerwa kw’ikintu gishya gushingiye kuburyo abantu batekereza n’uburyo bemera ihinduka, tugomba kumenya ko abantu bamwe bazemera igitekerezo gishya vuba mugihe abandi bantu bizabafata umwanya muremure mbere y’uko bemera iryo hinduka. Niki twakwigira kuri ibi?

Nushaka guhita ushyira mu bikorwa igitekerezo gishya ukagera kure, uretse itsinda rito, abandi bantu benshi bazahita bakirwanya.

Nutegereza igihe gito, ariko ukabona ko hakiri kare gushyira mu bikorwa ihinduka ushobora kugira ingorane zo kwirema ibice kw’itorero kuko umubare munini uragushyigikiye ariko undi mubare munini urabirwanya.

Ariko kandi, ntuzigere utekereza ko buri wese mu itorero hazagera igihe ashyigikira ihinduka kugira ngo ujye warishyira mu bikorwa. Ibi bizagutera ikibazo gikomeye kuko uko utegereza ko

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buri muntu mw’itorero ashyigikira ihinduka niko babandi bakunda ihinduka batazihanganira icyo gihe cyose bategereje babandi batinda kwakira ihinduka. Abo rero n’ubwo ari itsinda rito bashobora kubona ko ntagishya kiza mu itorero bakavamo bakajya mu matorero babona ahanga udushya kandi ajya imbere. Abantu mukorana benshi bari muri iki gice cy’abantu bashyigikira ihinduka bitaruhanije, ntabwo rero washobora kwihanganira ko bose basohoka mu itorero kuko babona nta kintu gishya gikorwa. Nibagufata nk’umuntu utinya ihinduka, agategereza ko buri umwe umwe azemera igitekerezo cyo guhindura, abo bantu bakunda udushya no kwihutisha ibintu hari ubwo batazigera bakorana nawe.

Mbese n’ijanisha ringana iki utegereje ko rishyigikira umugambi wawe mbere y’uko ushyirwa mu bikorwa? Ibi biterwa n’ukuntu abantu biyumvamo ihinduka. Ikibazo si ukumenya umubare w’abashyigikiye ihinduka ahubwo kandi no kumenya ngo ni bangahe badashyigiye uyu mugambi kandi bafite imbaraga zingana iki mu itorero? Ibihe byinshi hazaboneka irindi tsinda ry’abantu rimwe na rimwe bakomeye, ariko badashyikiye iki cyangwa kiriya nyamara kandi bakerekana ko bakwizeye, abo bazaterwa umunezero no gukurikira icyo uvuga. Ukeneye abantu nibura 20% bo mubantu b’ingenzi mu itorero bashyigikiye ihinduka. Nyuma igikurikira ni ukumenya umubare w’abantu badasha gukurikira ihinduka ukamenya imbaraga bafite mu itorero no kuri babantu batagira aho babogamiye. Shyira mubikorwa ihinduka igihe wowe ubwawe n’abajyanama bawe ba hafi mutekereza ko ari igihe gikwiye cyo kujya imbere. Ibuka ko abantu bamwe iteka bazanegura umushumba naho yakora ibyiza nkamarayika, rero ntushake kuzabona buri wese mu itorero agushyigikiye. Urufunguzo ni ukumenya abagushyigikiye. Niba ari bamwe mu itsinda ry’ubuyobozi mukorana n’abantu bamwe mubitangira umurimo cyane, birashoboka ko ari igihe kiza cyo gutangira ihinduka ariko niba benshi bo mubantu bitangira umurimo bakiri mugice cy’abadashyigikiye ihinduka, ukwiye gufata undi mwanya uhagije wo gusobanura cyangwa kugerageza gutunganya neza igitekerezo cyangwa uwo mugambi. Ntiwibagirwe ko abantu bakenera umwanya kugira ngo bakire igitekerezo bakigire icyabo rero ntushake ko bafata icyemezo gikomeye batabanje guhabwa umwanya uhagije wo gusesengura no kumva neza kugira ngo babone ku cyemera. Uzamenya ko abantu bashyigikiye ihinduka igihe bazaba bakoresha amagambo ngo “twe,” “byacu,” “byanjye,” aho gukoresha “bo,” “wowe,” “byabo”. Urugero, reka tuvuge ko mwafashe icyemezo cyo kwagura urusengero kugira ngo abantu barukwirwemo. Ukeneye kumva abantu bavuga ngo “tugiye kwagura aho kuvuga ngo “bashaka ko twagura … ,“ iyo abantu bavuga “twebwe” aho kuvuga “bo” cyangwa “byanjye” aho kuvuga “byabo,” icyo gihe umenya ko abantu ihinduka barigize iryabo kandi ko igisigaye ari kurishyira mu bikorwa. 5.8 Abantu iteka bahitamo inzira imwe cyangwa iyindi Nari umushumba mu itorero ry’Ababatisita rero nzi imiyoborere y’amatorero aha abanyetorero ijambo k’uburyo imyanzuro myinshi ifatwa k’ubwiganze bw’amajwi y’abatoye. Amatorero y’Ababatisita ni urugero rwiza rw’ubu buryo bwo gufata ibyemezo. Ikindi gice cy’ubuyobozi bw’amatorero ni igihe imyanzuro ifatirwa mu nama nyobozi y’itorero nta kugisha inama abakristo bose. Ikintu naje kwigira mu myaka yose namaze m’ubuyobozi bw’itorero mu matorero anyuranye afite imiyoborere inyuranye ni uko abantu bazahitamo ubu buryo cyangwa buriya. Mumatorero y’Ababatisita batoresha kuzamura ibiganza mugihe cy’amatora asanzwe, ariko hari andi matorero nayo akoresha amatora muburyo bwo kwandika mugihe hari n’abantu bamwe batoresha ibirenge. Ndashaka kuvuga ko igihe badashyigikiye ikintu, kandi akaba nta nama isanzwe izakorwa kugira ngo batangiremo ibitekerezo byabo, bazahitamo gutoresha ibirenge muburyo bwo kudashyigikira ibyemezo byafashwe. Ni ukuvuga ko bazahitamo kutagaruka guterana ntibongere gukandagira mu rusengero. Nagiye numva abashumba bo mu matorero atagira amatora yo mu bwisanzure, bitotombera ko abantu badashyigikiye iyerekwa n’imigambi byabo. Ntabwo basobanukiwe ko abantu akenshi bashyigikira ikintu biyumvamo cyangwa bagizemo uruhare mu kugitekereza, aha rero batoresheje ibirenge banga gushyigikira ibyo umushumba yabashyize imbere.

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Ntabwo nshyigikiye ko amatorero yose yakurikiza ubuyobozi buha abakristo ijambo rya nyuma kuri buri kintu kuko sinshyigikiye iyi mikorere ariko icyo ndi kuvuga ni uko abashumba bakeneye gusobanukirwa amahame y’ihinduka ribyara umusaruro kugira ngo abantu nibatora mu nama zisanzwe cyangwa bagatoresha ibirenge bazashobore gushyigikira icyo umushumba yabashyize imbere. Icyo ntemeranyaho n’ubuyobozi buha buri mukristo ijambo ni uko ari ibintu bivugwa ariko binyuranye n’ibikorwa, gusa twashobora kubona henshi mu Isezerano Rishya hashyigikiye ubu buryo bw’ubuyobozi nubwo mubikorwa usanga bikorwa nkaho ari ukwishyira ukizana aho buri wese atekereza ko afite uburenganzira bwo kuvuga icyo aricyo cyose uko yishakiye. Ingaruka z’ibi ni uko abahinyura, abafite ibitekerezo bigufi, n’abanyabwoba bo mu itorero basubiza inyuma igitekerezo cyose kiza gishaka kugira icyo gihindura mu itorero. Ntabwo ari uburyo bwo gutegera amatwi Umwuka Wera kugira ngo duhishukirwe ugutekereza kwa Kristo ahubwo ni inzira yaho nkora uko nshoboye ngasunikira itorero gukora ibyo nshaka. Ariko, ni ngombwa ko mvuga ko nabaye mu matorero manini y’Ababatisita bari bararenze urugero rwo guha buri mukristo wese uburyo bwo kuvuga ibyo ashaka kuri buri kintu cyose ahubwo bageze ku rwego rwo gushaka kumva ugutekereza kwa Kristo mu manama. Ikingenzi ku matorero akoresha ubuyobozi buha abakristo ijambo n’umudendezo mu gihe cyo gufata ibyemezo ni uko bakoresha uko bashoboye bagakurikiza umwuka wo mu Isezerano Rishya kugira ngo itorero ntirizingamire mu kujya impaka kuri buri kantu kari k’umurongo w’ibyigwa mu nama ahubwo bagerageze gutegera amatwi Umwuka Wera hanyuma bakore ibyo ababwira. Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 13:1-3 ni urugero rwiza rw’uburyo inama y’itorero yari ikwiye gukorwa. Byageze aho amatorero y’Ababatisita akura akagira abakristo ibihumbi n’ibihumbi k’uburyo guha uburenganzira buri mukristo wese kuvuga icyo ashaka kuvuga kuri buri ngingo yigwaho ari ibintu bidashoboka ukurikije uko itorero ryakuze cyane. 5.9 Ntuzakoreshe amatora keretse uzi neza ibiyavamo Ibi birareba cyane amatorero afite ubuyobozi buha buri mukristo ijambo ariko kandi byakoreshwa no kuyandi matorero, ndetse no ku matorero afite ubuyobozi buhera hejuru bumanuka. Ndasaba nkomeje ngo ntuzigere ushyira ikintu mu matora keretse niba wizeye neza ibiza kuva muri ayo matora. Niba ushidikanya, ugomba kubanza kuvugana kurushaho n’abaza kugira uruhare mu matora kugira ngo ibiva muri ayo matora bize kunogera umubare munini w’abakristo. Kugira intege nke zo gukora ibi bizazanira itorero akaga ka mbibone/ubibure, nunguke/uhombe. Dushaka kuba abantu baharanira kugera kurwego rwa mbibone nawe ubibone, ndonke/uronke. Ni ukuvuga ko impande zombi zigira inyungu mu mwanzuro cyangwa icyemezo cyafashwe. Ikibabaje ni uko amatora aganisha mugice cya mbibone/ubibure kuri bamwe bagiye kuruhande rwa benshi aho batsinze. Abantu ntibakunda gutsindwa cyane cyane iyo bikunda kubabaho. Mbibone/ubibure ikunda gutera amakimbirane kuburyo atari byiza ku itorero cyangwa umuryango ushingiye ku itorero. Ndizera ko hari ibyo twakwigira kuri ibi:

Koresha amatora gake gashoboka. Koresha amatora aho mubona ko ntakundi byagenda atari gukoresha amatora. Uko ukunda gukoresha amatora niko nsinde/utsindwe izamuka ari nako amakimbirane akomeza kwihembera.

Niba ari ngombwa gutora, ntubikore kugeza ubwo wizeye ko abantu hafi ya bose baza gutsinda bityo bigatera ugukomereka kw’abantu bake cyane. Nashima ko amatora aza nyuma y’uko hari icyo twemeranijeho maze amatora agakorwa nk’uburyo bwo kucyemeza gusa. Ibuka ko abantu bamwe bazakurwanya kandi abatinda kwemera ibintu ntibazigera na rimwe bahuza n’abandi, ariko kandi uhe abantu umwanya wo kugira ihinduka iryabo.

Ibuka ko abantu buri gihe batora muburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, kubw’ibyo ntutangize igitekerezo cy’ihinduka rikomeye kugeza ubwo uzi neza ko abantu bahagije bamaze gutora yego mu mitwe yabo kandi ko bazashyigikira ihinduka.

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5.10. Urufunguzo rukomeye rwo kuzana ihinduka muburyo bwubaka: “Mbere ya byose shaka abantu bakomeye bagushyigikire” Rumwe mu mfunguzo zikomeye nashoboye kwiga kubyerekeye kuzana ihinduka nk’umushumba ni ukugerageza kwigarurira abantu bakomeye ubwambere bakaza k’uruhande rwawe. Hari igitabo nasomye gituma nsobanukirwa impamvu z’ibi. Cyagereranyaga itorero rito n’umuryango hanyuma gisobanura ibintu bitatu nibukamo bibiri by’ingenzi; umukuru w’umuryango (umwami) n’umuvuzi. Umukuru w’umuryango ni umuyobozi utekerezwaho kuba ashoboye kugenzura imikorere y’umuryango mu buryo rusange. Umuvuzi ntabwo arebwa nk’umuyobozi ahubwo afatwa nk’umuntu ukemura ibibazo byabo iyo hagize ikintu kitagenda neza. Mu itorero rito, umukuru w’umuryango akenshi ni umukuru w’itorero umaze mu itorero imyaka myinshi akaba afite imbaraga muri ryo. Akenshi aba afite umwanya umugira umukuru w’itorero mukuru, nk’umuyobozi w’inama, umwanditsi, umubitsi, n’ibindi bisa bityo. Muri iki kigereranyo umushumba afatwa nk’umuvuzi, umuntu ushinzwe kubitaho no gukemura ibibazo byabo. Rimwe na rimwe ibi bishobora gukora mugihe mu kindi gihe bidashobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Ndibuka igihe kimwe ibazwa nagiranye na komite yakorera mu itorero rinini cyane, aho bambwiye ko niba nemeye kubabera umushumba icyo banshakaho ari ugukoresha igihe cyanjye ngenderera abantu mu midugudu yabo, no mu ngo zabo mu gihe bo bazaba bayobora itorero. Birumvikana ko uwo mwanya ntawemeye. Hagarara maze utekereze ku itorero ryawe. Ese aho ntiririmo umuntu umeze nk’umutware w’umuryango ufite imbaraga zo gutuma abantu bamwumvira? Uwo muntu ni inde? Uyu mukino ntabwo uboneka mu matorero manini manini cyane kuko ari ibidashoboka ko umuntu umwe yakwigarurira abantu benshi bateranira muri bene ayo matorero manini. Umushumba mukuru wa bene aya matorero afatwa nk’umutware mukuru w’ubwoko kandi agafatwa nk’umuvuzi wabwo. Ubutware akenshi ntabwo buboneka mu matorero yatangijwe n’umushumba uriho ubu cyangwa biboneka ko azahaguma niba umushumba amaze igihe kirekire muri iryo torero kuko ibi ntabwo byaha umwanya umuntu utari umushumba kugira imbaraga zingana gutyo mu itorero. Bishoboka ko ari nayo mpamvu ituma amatorero amwe adakura keretse umushumba amaze ahantu hamwe nibura imyaka 5 cyangwa 6. S’uko abantu batangira kumwizera gusa ahubwo uko abantu bakuza icyizere cyabo m’umushumba niko babantu b’imbaraga mu itorero bagenda bacogora. Ikintu kiza cyane m’ugutangiza itorero rishya ni uko umushumba adahura n’abantu bigize nk’abami mu matorero, babayemo ibishyitsi. Uko umara umwanya munini muri iryo torero niko imbaraga zawe zikomeza kwiyongera, ariko mugihe uzahava, umukuru w’itorero cyangwa undi muyobozi mu bari muri iryo torero ashobora guhita ajya k’umwanya w’ubutware bw’umuryango kuko abantu bazaba bamwugaha kuruta umushumba mushya uzaza aho. Umushumba mushya azabanza kurwana no kubaka icyizere mu bantu. Ibintu birushaho kuba bibi iyo umushumba mushya atahamaze igihe kirekire agahita yimukira ahandi maze wa mukuru w’itorero ufatwa nk’umwami akarushaho kugāra no kugira imbaraga mu mwanya w’ubuyobozi nk’umukuru w’itorero urimenyereye n’abantu bakaba ariwe bamenyereye. Rimwe na rimwe hari impamvu nziza zituma umukuru w’itorero mukuru agira imbaraga zo gusunika ibintu mu itorero. Amwe mu matorero yagiye agira abashumba batari bamenyera umurimo, bagafata ibyemezo by’ubupfu cyangwa bakaba abantu usanga gusa abandi batishimira gukurikira. K’urundi ruhande wa mukuru w’itorero yerekanye ko akunze itorero kandi ko aryitangira kandi ko arishakira icyariteza imbere, uzasanga rero abantu bamwumva kuruta uko bumva umushumba. Mu matorero mato iyo uyu mutware/muvuzi umwirengagije uba ukorera mucyerekezo cyo kunanirwa ubuyobozi muri iryo torero. Mubihe bimwe ushobora guhangana n’uyu mukuru w’itorero wigize umutware nawe ubwawe wigira nk’umutware. Ariko rero niba nawe wifashe nk’umutware w’umuryango ube wizeye ko wamaze kurema mu bantu icyizere gikomeye gituma muri iryo hangana abantu bajya kuruhande rwawe aho kujya kuruhande rw’uwo mukuru w’itorero. Ibyaba

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byiza kuruta ni igihe waba washoboye kuzana uyu muyobozi wigize umutware k’uruhande rwawe kugira ngo atangire kumvisha abantu ibitekerezo byawe no gushyigikira gahunda z’imirimo zijyanye n’izawe. Urufunguzo rwo kugera kuri ibi ni uguteza imbere imibanire yawe n’abantu nk’aba aho kwiha guhangana nabo. Ujye ubonana nabo kenshi mu buryo busanzwe. Ganira nabo iyerekwa ryawe ry’igihe kiri imbere, ibitekerezo ufite k’umurimo hanyuma utegere amatwi icyo nabo bavuga kuri ibyo. Ntiwiyumvishe ko ibyo uvuga byose ari iby’ukuri cyangwa aribyo byiza kurusha ibindi cyangwa ngo utekereze ko icyo bavuga cyose ari ukurushaho gushimangira imbaraga zabo mu itorero. Ndi umuntu wemera cyane rwose ko tugomba kumva ibitekerezo by’abandi bantu kuko ikintu cyakozwe kubw’ubufatanye bw’itsinda kiruta kure icyavuye mugitekerezo cy’umuntu umwe gusa. Iyo ibi biganiro bikozwe m’umwuka w’urukundo no kwizerana, biguha uburyo bwo gusubiza ibibazo bigatuma ushobora gutunganya neza kurushaho iyekwa ryawe. Igihe mwemeranije ibyerekeye ihinduka rikwiye gukorwa n’igihe cyiza cyo gutangira kubibwira itsinda ryose ry’ubuyobozi bw’itorero, nk’abadiyakoni, komite nyobozi, cyangwa izina iryo ariryo ryose muha abakorana n’umushumba w’itorero aho iwanyu. Nutanga igitekerezo cy’ihinduka hanyuma ukabona wa mukuru w’itorero wigize umutware ntabwo agishyigikiye, amahirwe yawe azaba ari make cyane ko icyo gitekerezo abandi bakristo bazacyakira neza. Naho wakora uko ushoboye bakagitora mu matora ibi ntakiza na gito bizageraho keretse iri hinduka baryiyumvamo. Ni mugihe gusa babona ihinduka nk’ikintu “tugiye gukora” niho rizagera ku ntego. Ariko niba bavuga iryo hinduka nkaho ari “gahunda yawe” cyangwa “umuteguro wawe” biragaragara cyane ko ntambaraga bazashyiramo mukugushyigikira. 5.11. Uburyo bwo kuzana abantu kuba mu ruhande rwawe Hari igihe nari maze kwigisha muri Afurika yo hagati ibi navuze haruguru maze umwe arahaguruka avuga ngo “Noneho mbonye aho nakoze nabi.” Yakomeje asobanura uburyo yashatse gutangiza amatsinda mato yo gusenga mu iterero rye ryari rifite ubuyobozi bushingiye ku guha umudendezo abakristo igihe cyo gufata ibyezo, ariko umuyobozi wari umwungirije (umutware w’ubwoko), ntabwo yabyemeye. Igihe yazanaga icyo gitekerezo mu nama y’abakuru b’itorero, uwo mugabo yabashishikarije kutemera uwo mugambi. Nibwo umushumba yakomeje ajyana igitekerezo cye mu inama rusange y’abakristo, ariko abakuru b’itorero bose bashishikarije abakrito kutemera icyo gitekerezo. Icyakurikiye kirumvikana, habayeho kudahuza mu itorero habamo umwuka mubi kandi ntamusaruro byatanze. Uru ni urugero rufatika rw’umushumba udasobanukiwe ikibazo cy’umutware w’ubwoko. Uwo mushumba yagombaga kuba yarabanje gufata umwanya uhagije wo kubana nuriya muyobozi ukuriye itorero akamukururira kuba mu ruhande rwe ashyigikiye igitekerezo cye kuko niba uwo mugabo ugaragara nk’umutware w’abo bantu atari mu ruhande rwawe uzavuga umere nk’umena amazi k’urutare. Ntabwo umushumba yananiwe gusa kwemeza abantu umugambi we ahubwo ugutsindwa kwe kwongerereye ingufu uriya mutware w’ubwoko bituma birushaho gukomerera umushumba gutambutsa igitekerezo mu gihe kiri imbere. Abashumba bamwe bashobora kuvuga bati, “Ntagihe mfite cyo gutegereza, mfite iyerekwa kandi rigomba gushyirwa mubikorwa uyu mwanya kuko imitima iri kurimbuka buri munsi natwe turi gutinda.” Ibi byumvikana rwose ko ari ukuri ariko igihe cyose wamuntu uri mu itorero ufatwa nk’umutware w’ubwoko ataremera ibyo uvuga ntacyo wageraho ahubwo ibyo wakora byarushaho gutinza uwo murimo gusumba. Wibuke ko niba abantu batagukurikiye, ubwo nturi umuyobozi ahubwo uri umuntu ufite imigambi myiza gusa. Tugifite ibyo mu mutwe reka mvuge k’uburyo uwo umushumba yari kuba yarakoresheje kugirango atere abantu akanyamuneza ko gushyigikira gahunda ye yo gutangiza amatsinda mato. Ikibanze ni uko umutware w’ubwoko wo mu itorero n’itorero muri rusange bagomba ku kwizera. Bagomba kubanza kubona ko ufitiye umugambi mwiza itorero ryabo kandi ko ufite iterambere ryabo ku mutima. Tangira kujya uhura n’uwo muyobozi w’umutware w’ubwoko m’uburyo busanzwe ukuze

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ubusabane hagati yawe nawe kuko niba ibi bidakozwe amahirwe yawe yo kugira icyo ugeraho muri iryo torero agerwa ku mashyi. Kora ubushakashatsi ku matsinda mato mu itorero, kandi ushake igituma utekereza ko amatsinda yaba ingirakamaro mu itotero. Nyuma yaha, muri byabiganiro ugenda ugirana na wamutware w’ubwoko uvuge ko umaze igihe utekereza ku matsinda mato kandi umwereke impamvu utekereza ko yagira akamaro mu itorero ryanyu. Nyuma umubaze icyo atekereza kuri ibyo. Niba atarigeze abitekerezaho mbere, ni ibisanzwe muri kamere muntu ko azabanza kurwanya icyo gitekerezo kimugezeho bwa mbere. Ashobora kuvuga ati, “Ndumva ari byiza kuyandi matorero ariko ntabwo ibyo byakora mu itorero ryacu kubera ibi n’ibi.” Ntuge impaka nawe ahubwo muhe umwanya azabitekerezeho. Hanyuma nawe ukore umukoro wo gushaka ibisubizo uzatanga kubyo yavuze abona byatuma ibyo bidakora neza mu itorero ryanyu. Igihe muzongera kubona umwanya wo kuganira ongera uzane cya gitekerezo hanyuma usangire nawe uburyo wakomeje gutekereza kubyo yavuze. Umubwire uburyo wavuganye n’umushumba wo murindi torero – niba warabikoze – n’uburyo uwo mushumba yakubwiye ko ibyo ntakibazo kirimo niba mwabanza gukora ibi n’ibi. Mwongere mubiganireho ariko ntumuhatire gufata umwanzuro kugeza igihe uzatangira kubona ko nawe igitekerezo acyumva kandi atangiye kukigira icye. Hazagera ubwo avuga cyangwa yemera ko igihe kigeze ko mwatangiza amatsinda mato mu itorero. Ibi nibigerwaho, noneho azaba ari igihe cyiza cyo gushyiraho gahunda iboneye harimo n’ibitekerezo bye k’uburyo muzatera intambwe yo kubigeza ku rundi rwego rw’ubuyobozi nk’abakuru b’itorero. Kuri ubu gutanga igitekerezo mu nama bizoroha. Uzakizana mu nama hanyuma usobanure kandi uhe umwanya nawa mutware w’ubwoko gusobanurira abantu iby’icyo gitekerezo. Icyo gihe uzaba werekana ko wa muntu ufatwa nk’umutware muri iryo torero nawe agushyigikiye. Hari ibintu bitatu usabwa gukora:

Sangira n’abandi iyerekwa ryo gutangiza amatsinda mato. Sobanura muburyo burambuye kandi bwumvikana uko ayo matsinda azakora, ariko umenye neza ko wababwiye akamaro ayo matsinda azagirira itorero.

Tanga umwanya wo kugira ngo abantu batange ibitekerezo byabo kandi babaze ibibazo

Ibibazo n’impungenge zabo ubisubize m’uburyo bwiza

Ibuka, abantu bakira ihinduka mu ntera zitandukanye, nuko rero bahe umwanya wo gutekereza kuri icyo gitekerezo. Natangara cyane igihe bose bahita bemera icyo gitekerezo gishya, bagahita biyemeza ku gishyira mu bikorwa mu inama ya mbere. Nubwo wabona hafi ya bose basa nabemeye igitekerezo cyawe, babwire ko muzakomeza kugitekerezaho no kugisengera hanyuma mukazakigarukaho mu nama y’itorero izakurikiraho. Ikitabura kubaho ni uko hazabamo abantu bake nka babiri cyangwa batatu barwanya icyo gitekerezo. Kubw’iki, ukore uko ushoboye uzabonane n’aba bantu umwe k’uwundi mbere y’uko inama itaha iterana muganire kuri iri yerekwa. Ntugerageze kurengera igihe wibwira ko kubonana n’abo bagaragaje ko badashyigikiye iyerekwa ryawe ari uguta igihe. Ni ngombwa kuganira nabo umwe umwe ukwe. Gerageza gukoresha wa mutware w’ubwoko muburyo bushoboka agufashe kuganiriza abo bantu. Niba abantu batarwanya iyerekwa ariko bakaba batarumva neza inyungu zaryo, bizaba bikenewe ko habaho umwanya uhagije wo kubareka bakabitekerezaho hagitegerejwe inama y’ubutaha. Niba umaze kugenzura ugasanga hafi ya bose bumva neza umugambi kandi bawemera, shaka uburyo rero habeho inama yo gufata icyemezo n’ingamba zo gushyira mu bikorwa uwo mugambi. Ubwo wamaze kwiyegereza abakuru b’itorero b’ingenzi bakaba bari mu ruhande rwawe biroroshye noneho kugeza iyerekwa ku itorero ryose. Inzira bizacamo biterwa n’uko itorero ryanyu riyobowe n’uko inzego z’ubuyobozi zitondetse. Niba bisaba ko inama y’abakuru b’itorero ibanza kwemeza ikintu hanyuma kigashyikirizwa inama rusange y’abakristo uko niko uzakurikiza. Uzakurikiza gahunda itorero ryanyu rikoresha iyo ryemeza ibigomba gukorwa. Kora nk’uko twavuze ku bakuru b’itorero. Sangira n’abantu iyerekwa, babwire muburyo busobanutse kandi bwumvikana iby’iryo yerekwa n’akamaro rizamarira itorero. Uhe abantu umwanya wo kubitekerezaho no kubitangaho

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ibitekerezo ndetse no kwerekana impungenge zabo. Subiza ibibazo n’impungenge zagaragaye muburyo buboneye kandi bwubaka. Kuri gahunda yo gutangiza amatsinda mato twigeze tuvugaho, ushobora gufata ibyumweru bike mbere yo kuremesha inama ukigisha ku buryo itorero ryo hambere ryateraniraga mu nsengero muri rusange rwa bose ariko bagateranira no mu ngo mu matsinda mato. Bereke ko biboneka mu ijambo ry’Imana. Gerageza kubafasha gukuraho ugushidikanya cyangwa ubwoba baba bafite kugira ngo ubwo igitekerezo kizaba kizanywe mu nama y’itorero kitazagaragara nk’ikintu gishya. Tanga umwanya abantu batekereze neza, ntiwihutire gutoresha abemeye n’abatemeye. Niba 60% bashyigikiye umugambi, 40% bakaba batawushyigikiye biragaragara ko nta bumwe buhari, ibi rero bishobora kuzanira itorero akaga. Ariko kandi ntutegereze ko buri wese azashyigikira umugambi mushya, ariko kora ibishoboka umubare munini wemere gushyigikira uwo mugambi mushya. Koresha wa mutware w’ubwoko n’abakuru b’itorero mugihe cyo gusobanurira abantu iby’uwo mugambi kugira ngo buri wese amenye ko abakuru bo mu itorero bashyigikiye uwo mugambi. Niba uri mu itorero ridasaba ko abakristo bose babanza kwemeza ikintu kugira ngo gitangire gushyirwa mubikorwa aho biroroshye cyane. Ariko naho biri uko, ugomba gushakisha inzira zose zituma abantu baba k’uruhande rwawe kandi bakagukurikira. Nzakomeza kwigisha kuri icyo kintu. Nzakomeza gusangira n’abandi iyekwa ryanjye, n’inyungu rifitiye itorero kandi mbahe umwanya wo kwemera ihinduka. Ubwo nzabona ko igihe kigeze nibwo nzatangira gushyira mu bikorwa wa mugambi. Abantu bazatora naho waba uri mu itorero ridakoresha amatora. Niba uri mu itorero abakristo bahabwa uruhare mugufata ibyemezo, gutora kuri mwe ni ibisanzwe, niba uri mu itorero ubuyobozi buba hejuru bujya hasi, akaba nta matora musanzwe mukoresha mu manama yanyu, ni hahandi abantu bazatora, ariko ubu bazatoresha ibirenge cyangwa umunwa wabo mu kunegura ibiri gukorwa. Reka nerekane uko itorero nateraniragamo ryashoboye kuzana ihinduka ryubaka igihe ryavaga ku guterana iteraniro rimwe bakagira abiri ku cyumweru. Itorero ryari rifite uburyo bw’ubuyobozi buva hejuru bujya hasi. Nta nama n’imwe y’ab’itorero bose yigeraga ibaho aho basaba abantu gutorera umwanzuro. Ubuyobozi bw’iryo torero bwafashe icyemezo cy’uko kugira amateraniro menshi ku cyumweru byagabanya umubyigano w’abantu m’urusengero kuko rwuzuye cyane. Icyo gitekerezo bagisangiye n’abantu mu materaniro yo ku cyumweru, babasobamurira iryo yerekwa kandi babumvisha ko batagiye guhita bihutira kubishyira mu bikorwa. Igihe abantu babazaga ibibazo berekana n’impungenge zabo, ubuyobozi bwafashe umwanya wo kubasubiza. Nyuma y’amezi make, bimaze kugaragara ko abantu bavuga rikijyana bo muri iryo torero bari k’uruhande rw’uwo mugambi, batanze urupapuro ruriho ibibazo bisaba abakristo gushyigikira no guhitamo amateraniro azaborohera guteranamo. Itariki yo gutangiza iryo hinduka yashyizweho. Kubwo kurushaho kumara ubwoba abantu, ubuyobozi bwahisemo gutangira bukora amateraniro yombi mu buryo bunyuranye kuburyo byorohereza umuntu guterana mumateraniro abiri igihe atarahitamo rimwe muri ayo. Inzibacyuho yakozwe neza mubushishozi kuburyo ukwiyongera kw’abanyetorero kwakomeje kuboneka kandi abantu batoresheje ibirenge (babonetse ari benshi) mu kwishimira iryo hinduka. 5.12. Genzurana ubwenge umwanya ukwiye wo gutangiza ihinduka Umuntu wese wigeze agendera ku igare risanzwe azi ko byoroshye guhagurukira ahantu hamanuka gusumba guhagurukira ahantu hazamuka, kandi biroroshye kunyonga ahantu hazamuka igihe uhageze uririho gusumba ko waba warivuyeho ugashaka guhagurukira ku gasozi. Twese kandi tuzi ko byakoroha niba igihe umuntu asunika ingorofani haboneka umuntu umushyiriraho umutwaro igihe ingorofani iri kugenda gusumba ko umutwaro wawushyiraho ihagaze hanyuma ugatangira gusunika. Kumenya igihe gikwiye cyo gukoreramo ni iby’ingenzi. Amatorero na gahunda zayo agira ibihe by’imbaraga zidasanzwe zo guhindura ibintu twese dukwiye gusobanukirwa. Ibuka itorero nigeze mvugaho kare ryakuze cyane kugera ubwo risa naho rihagaze gukomeza gukura kubera abantu batari bakibona aho bicara mu rusengero, bikaza kuriviramo gutangira gusubira inyuma. Ikibazo ryagize ni uko ritamenye kugenzura ibihe bikwiye byo kugira ihinduka hanyuma rikaza kwisanga riri gusubira inyuma kandi ridashobora kugarura bya

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bihe ryarimo igihe itorero ryakuraga k’uburyo bugaragara naho kuri ubu ryakongera umubare w’intebe mu rusengero. Iyo igihe gikwiye cyo gukura kirenze ntakintu gikozwe biraruhije cyane kongera kukigarukana. Menya neza ko itorero ryatangiye gukura mbere yuko ugerageza kungera umuvuduko rigenderaho. Ntugerageze gukorera ibintu byinshi icyarimwe, kimwe n’ingorofani iriho umutwaro uremereye cyane, ntabwo washobora kuyisunika cyangwa ngo utume ikomeza kugenda niba imbaraga zagufashaga zigenda zigabanuka. Abantu bazarengerwa n’umutwaro babivemo cyangwa batakaze ishyaka n’ibyishimo by’umurimo. Ntugerageze gukora ibintu byinshi cyane mugihe gito, ushyire imbaraga cyane kubintu bike ariko by’ingenzi kandi ubikore neza. Niwatangira gutera imbere abandi bazagusanga kubw’ibyo uzaba wungutse andi maboko hanyuma ushobore kwaguka. Dukurikije urugero twavuze haruguru rw’ingorofani, umutwaro mutashobora gusunika muri babiri nimuba batanu muzawusunika mutavunitse. Ikindi ni ukwitondera umubare w’ibintu bishya utangiye mu gihe kimwe cyangwa kwitondera ubunini bw’uwo murimo mushya. Ubwa mbere, ube wizeye ko ushobora kuwusunika bigakunda, utavunnye abagufasha gusunika, hanyuma uzongere ibiro by’umutwaro uko ugenda wunguka abandi bagufasha gusunika. Niba abantu basunika ingorofani ari benshi ugereranije n’ibiro biyiriho, bamwe bazarekura kuko bazabona ko imbaraga zabo zidakenewe. Uko itorero ari rinini ni nako rigira uburyo n’amasōko menshi, akaba ari nako rigira gahunda n’imigambi minini rikwiye gukora. Abantu bafite impano bashaka gukoreshwa, iyo nta mwanya bahawe mu itorero ryawe bashobora kujya aho babona urubuga rwo gukoreramo. Bene abo bantu bafite impano ariko badafite urubuga ruhagije rwo gukoreraho, bagereranywa na yangorofani iriho umutwaro w’ibiro bike ariko ikaba isunikwa n’abantu benshi. Bamwe bazarekura kuko babona ko imbaraga zabo zidakenewe kuri iyo ngorofani. Ariko kandi uko abantu bagwira mu itorero naniko hakenwe kwongereza imbaraga m’ubuyobozi kuko umutwaro urushaho kuremera.

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Umutwe wa 6

Amabwiriza yo gukoresha igihe neza 6.1. Amagambo abanza Iki gice kirakubwira uko wakoresha igihe cyawe neza, kuko udafite ubu buhanga uzagera kuri bike cyane. Biroroshye guta umwanya, atari uko uri umunebwe, ahubwo kubera ko utabyaza igihe cyawe umusaruro. Umuyobozi afite ibintu byinshi bimushaka ariko kugira ngo byose abikore neza bizaterwa n’uburyo agaragaza ubuhanga mu gukoresha igihe cye neza. Umuntu wese afite umunsi w’amasaha 24, niyo yaba perezida wa Amerika cyangwa umukene usabiriza ku muhanda. Ntabwo dushobora kugura andi masaha y’umunsi, icyo twakora ni ugukoresha ayo dufite neza. Ndizera ko kuba ushobora gusoma iki gitabo byerekana ko utari umunebwe. Nizera ko umushumba ukora igihe cyose mu itorero rye akaba aribyo ahemberwa, akwiye gukora nibura amasaha angana nayo umukuru w’itorero wo mu itorero rye akoresha mu kazi ka leta akora. Mukwibaza ko utari umunebwe, urufunguzo rwo gukoresha neza igihe si ugukora CYANE ahubwo ni UGUKORANA UBUHANGA. Nkunda ibyo Tony Blair yanditse avuga kubyerekeye gukoresha igihe neza, “rumwe mu mfunguzo zo gukora neza umurimo w’ubuminisitiri bw’intebe cyangwa ubuperezida ni ukumenya gukoresha neza igihe. Akamaro k’igihe ni ntabanduka. Nyereka umuyobozi udashyika ku ntego ze ndakwereka umwanya wacunzwe ukanakoreshwa nabi. Ibi ntaho bihuriye n’umubare w’amasaha umuntu amara ku kazi – Nagiye mbona abayobozi bakabya mu kumara amasaha menshi bakora, bagakora amasaha 18 k’umunsi nkaho amasaha yabo y’umunsi yiyongereye – ahubwo uburyo akoresha igihe neza.”16 Ibikora kuri minisitiri w’intebe cyangwa perezida nanibyo bikenewe k’umushumba w’itorero cyangwa umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe, gukoresha umwanya kuburyo bukwiye. 6.2. Utandukanye ibintu by’ingirakamaro n’ibyihutirwa Intambwe ya mbere yo gukorana ubuhanga ni ukumenya guhitamo ibintu by’ingirakamaro kuri wowe. Ni iki wahamagariwe gukora? Ni iki wahamagariwe gukora nk’umubyeyi, nk’uwubatse, nk’umushumba, nk’umuturage w’igihugu n’ibindi? Bisa naho nta herezo ry’ibibazo bigushaka ariko se ni ubuhe butumwa wahawe gusohoza hano ku isi? Ni ibihe bintu byagaciro ugeranije n’ibyihutirwa? Ibyihutirwa ni imirimo yose idukikije idukururira hano na hariya. Urugero, telefone ihamagaye tukumva tugomba kuyitaba cyangwa hari umuntu ushaka kuvugana natwe n’ubwo ibyo atubwira atari ko yenda byose bidufitiye umumaro. K’urundi ruhande, dushobora kuvuga ko abana bacu ari ab’ingenzi cyane ko dukeneye ko bakura bakaba abantu bakora ibintu byubahisha Imana, ariko tukaba ntamwanya wihariye tugira wo kubana nabo kugira ngo ibi bizagerweho. Dushobora kuba duhuze cyane dukora ibintu byihutirwa, ariko bikaba bifite umumaro w’akanya gato, kuburyo dusanga nta kanya gasigaye ko gukora ibyo tuzi neza ko ari ingirakamaro. Yesu yaduhaye urugero rwiza rwo kumenya gutandukanya ibyihutirwa n’iby’ingirakamaro. Soma Yohana 17:4, “Nakubahishije mu isi, kuko narangije umurimo wampaye gukora.” Iri ni ihame rikomeye, yakoze ibyo Se yamutumye gukora. Ibi byaba ari ukuri gute mugihe hari abarwayi benshi batakize, n’abandi benshi batamwizeye? Nyuma yo gusubira mu ijuru kwe yari asigaranye abigishwa 120 gusa nyamara yavuze ko yarangije umurimo Se yari yamutumye gukora. Hariho ibibazo byinshi mugihe cye, n’ibindi bintu byiza byinshi byashoboraga ku murangaza agateshwa inshingano ye ariko yakoze ibyari bifite umumaro gusa aho gukora ibyihutirwaga byose. Yesu yaje gusohoza ubutumwa bw’uburyo bubiri. Icya mbere kwari uguhangana n’ikibazo cy’icyaha kugirango abantu babarirwe ibyaha hanyuma bahabwe ubugingo bushya, icya kabiri kwari ugutoza itsinda ry’abagabo bagombaga gukomeza umurimo wo kwamamaza ubutumwa bwiza kugera ku mpera y’isi.

16

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Uburyo bumwe bwo kumenya ikintu k’ingenzi kuri wowe ni ugutekereza nk’aho ugiye gupfa hanyuma umuryango wawe, inshuti za hafi, yenda n’abantu mukorana ku kazi bakaba bahamagawe kuza kukurebaho bwa nyuma mu cyumba cyawe aho uryamye. Ese mugihe abo bakoraniye iruhande rwawe uri ku mfiro, bazakuvuga ibiki? Ese bazerekana urukundo bagukunda bavuga ukuntu wabanaga nabo ubaha umwanya wawe mu bihe bikomeye by’ubuzima, ukabafasha guhangana nabyo? Ese bazagushimira uburyo wabereye imbuto ukabereka muby’ukuri Kristo muri wowe? Ese wibaza ko abana bawe bose bazaba bahari cyangwa bamwe bazaba badahari kuko bagutaye kubera uburyarya n’inabi babonye mu buzima bwawe? Ikintu ababyeyi benshi bahuriraho iyo bageze ku mfiro ni ukwicuza ko batagiye bafata umwanya uhagije wo kubana no kuganiriza abana babo. Aho uryamye ku buriri ugatahura neza ko ugiye kubana n’Umwami kandi ko k’umunsi w’urubanza uzatanga raporo y’uburyo wakoresheje igihe cyawe; kubyo wakoze n’ibyo utakoze. Ese uzi neza ko wakoze ibyo Imana yari yaguhamagariye gukora? Uzumva ijambo riturutse kuri So wo mu ijuru avuga ngo “Nuko nuko, mugaragu mwiza?” Bavuga ko iyo abantu bari gupfa, nta numwe wicuza avuga ko yifuza kuba yari kuba yarafashe amasaha menshi mu biro none akaba atarayafashe. Uku ni ukuri kubabaje. Abantu benshi cyane bamara igihe kinini barundanya ubutunzi, kandi bigwizaho icyubahiro kuburyo k’umunota wa nyuma baza kumenya ko ibyo atari byo bintu by’ingirakamaro cyane, bagasanga iyo babimenya ibyo batayeho umwanya cyane atari byo bari kuba barahaye agaciro cyane. Reka mbahe urutonde rw’ibintu by’agaciro gakomeye k’umuntu gusumba ibindi byose. Ibyo ni:

Imana

Umufasha (umugore cyangwa umugabo)

Abana

Umurimo w’Imana Benshi bo muri twe biraturushya cyane kumenya gutandukanya Imana n’umurimo w’Imana kuko dutekereza ko turi gushyira Imana imbere iyo turi gukora cyane umurimo wayo. Ibi si ko buri gihe ari ihame. Reka mbahe ingero nizerako zishobora kubafasha kumenya itandukaniro. Nzi umushumba wo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba watangije itorero ryari ryarakuze ku rugero rushimishije. Ryari rigeze k’urugero rwo kumubonera umushahara wa buri kwezi, kugira ngo ashobore gutunga umuryango we. Nyamara, yatangiye kumva ijwi ry’Imana rimuhamagarira kuva muri iryo torero akajya gutangiza irindi mu kandi karere nta kintu na kimwe afite cyo gutangiriraho. Kuri mwe bo muri Australia ndagira ngo mbabwire ko aho muri icyo gihugu ntabuvuzi bw’ubuntu butangwa na leta bafite, nta burezi bw’ubuntu, cyangwa amafranga agenerwa abatagira akazi bibayo. Kumvira Imana mu bintu nk’ibyo bisaba kwemera kwikorera umusaraba kuri we ubwe no ku mugore we. Yagishije inama abakuriye ishyirahamwe rye bemera ko ari umuhamagaro uruhije ariko ko niba yizeye ko ari Imana ibimusaba ko akwiye kumvira akagenda (umwe muri komite y’iri shyirahwamwe niwe wambwiye iyi nkuru). By’ukuri yari yizeye ko ari Imana yavuganye nayo nuko arahaguruka aragenda n’umuryango we wose batangira itorero rishya. Ibi ni ugushyira Imana ku mwanya wa mbere. Reka turebe ibyerekeye gushyira umugore cyangwa umugabo imbere y’umurimo w’Imana. Umushumba wubatse urugo agomba kwita k’umugore cyangwa umugabo we, bagakuza umubano wabo. Ni ikosa kwibagirwa uwo mwashakanye witwaje ko uhugiwe mu murimo w’Imana, ujya mu byumba by’amasengesho byo kurarayo, uhugura abantu, utanga ubujyanama, no gusengera abarwayi n’abandi bigatwara umwanya wawe wose ukabura igihe cy’umuryango wawe. Niyo ari mu rugo umushumba aba rimwe na rimwe arushye cyane kuburyo bitoroshye gufata umwanya n’umufasha we, cyangwa kumutegera amatwi amubwira ibyifuzo bye. Iyo bimeze gutya, umugore cyangwa umugabo azarakarira itorero, yumve aryanze ntiyongere kujya yitanga nk’uko yajyaga abikora. Nagiye numva abashumba bavuga ko abagore babo batabashyigikiye m’umurimo w’Imana, kandi ko batawishimiye. Ibintu nk’ibi ntabwo bizana ingorane mu kuyobora itorero gusa

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ahubwo bizanira akaga n’urugo rw’umushumba, bigateza ubwumvikane buke mu muryango rimwe na rimwe bikaviramo gusenya urugo. Icyo nakugiraho inama ni uko ukwiriye gushyiraho umwanya wo kujya ugira ibihe byo kuba hamwe n’umufasha wawe, rimwe na rimwe musohokane, mufate agafanta cyangwa icyayi ahantu hanyuma muganire cyangwa mukore ikindi kintu kibanezeza mwese hamwe. Reka tuvuge ko wahisemo kujya ubana n’umufasha wawe kuwa kabiri guhera saa tatu n’igice za mugitondo, mugasohokana kugira ngo mube hamwe mwishimane. Tuvuge rero ko mbere y’uko muva m’urugo haje telefone iturutse k’umukristo wawe aguhamagara ko agukeneye byihutirwa kubera ko afite ibibazo bikomeye. Ubunararibonye mfite bunyereka ko hariho ibibazo bike bitakwihanganira kurindira amasaha make mbere y’uko ubikemura. Gushyira umufasha wawe imbere y’umurimo bisobanuye ko ubwira uyu muntu ko utamureba ubu kuko uhuze ariko ko uza kuboneka saa tanu n’igice, cyangwa isaha yose wasezeranye n’umufasha ko ariho muza gusoza gahunda yanyu. Ushobora kuvugira isengesho rigufi kuri telefone, cyangwa kumuha inama ngufi, hanyuma ukomeze iyi gahunda y’ingirakamaro n’umufasha wawe. Ntuhirahire ngo uhagarike gusohokana n’umugore wawe ngo witabye umuntu uguhamagaye ku mufasha. Ariko kandi hari ibihe bimwe bikomeye byaba ngombwa ko uhagarika gahunda yawe. Urugero, niba umwana agonzwe n’imodoka akaba ari kwa muganga kandi akaba ntabyiringiro byo kubaho bafite, aha ni ngombwa ko uhagera. Mu gihe nk’iki, nzabwira umufasha wanjye ibibaye ndetse bibaye ngombwa tugerane ku bitaro kureba uwo mwana. Ariko kandi, mu myaka yose nakoze umurimo w’ubushumba, igihe nabaga nafashe gahunda yo kubana n’umugore n’abana banjye, sinigeze mpura n’ikintu kitarindira amasaha make cyangwa menshi ngo mbanze ndangize gahunda n’umuryango hanyuma nze kujya kugitunganya. Tugomba gushyira abagore cyangwa abagabo n’abana bacu imbere y’umurimo. Niwiga gukorana ubuhanga imirimo yawe, uzasanga ushobora gukora umurimo w’Imana neza kandi ukabona n’umwanya mwiza uhagije wo kwita k’umuryango wawe (ibyo navuze haruguru bireba umugabo kimwe n’umugore ufite inshingano z’ubushumba, nawe agomba kwita k’umugabo we n’abana be). 6.3 Ubwambere shyira kuri gahunda ibintu by’ingenzi mubuzima bwawe Nizera ko ari ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane kurobanura ibintu by’ingenzi maze ukabiha gahunda mu cyumweru. Nutabikora gutya uzasanga wahugiwe mubintu bidafite umumaro uze kwibuka iby’akamaro bikirundanije bigutegereje. Ikibazo ibintu by’agaciro mu buzima bikunda kuba atari byo bigaragara nk’ibyihutirwa. Kugirana ibihe n’uwo mwubakanye mukaganira mwasohokanye ntabwo ari ikintu kihutirwa ariko ni ikintu cy’ingirakamaro cyane. Usanga rero bisa naho byibagirana ariko nukomeza gukora utyo uzasanga umubano wanyu ugize igitotsi cyangwa ugiye mu ngorane. Ikibabaje ni uko abantu bajya kubona icyari kuba cyarakozwe amazi yamaze kurenga inkombe, ntagaruriro. Zirikana uru rugero rukurikira mu buryo bwo gushimangira ko ari ikintu gikomeye kandi k’ingirakamaro gutegura ibintu by’ingenzi mu buzima ukabishyira imbere hanyuma ibindi byose bikaza inyuma.

Umwarimu umwe wa philosophy (soma fayirozofi) yahagaze imbere y’abanyeshuri afite ibikoresho by’imfashanyigisho imbere ye. Isaha yo gutangira igeze ntacyo we yavuze ahubwo yateruye igikombe cy’ikirahure kirekire kandi kinini kirimo ubusa atangira kuzuzamo udupira tw’udutenisi (cyangwa utudenesi). Udupira tumaze kuzuramo, yabajije abanyeshuri be niba koko icyo kirahure cyuzuye. Bose bemera ko cyuzuye. Nuko uwo mwarimu aterura agasanduku k’amabiye maze asuka muri cya kirahure acugusa buhoro maze yamabiye akamanuka mu myanya yo hagati y’udupira. Nuko abaza abanyeshuri niba icyo kirahure cyuzuye. Bavuga ko cyuzuye. Nuko mwarimu aterura akandi gasanduku kuzuye umucanga muto awusuka muri cyakirahure. Birumvikana ko umucanga wagiye ucengera hagati nawo wuzura mu myanya yo hagati y’udupira n’amabiye. Yongeye kubaza niba icyo kirahure cyuzuye, bamusubiza ko noneho cyuzuye by’ukuri. Nuko mwarimu yunama munsi y’ameza akurayo igikombe cyuzuye icyayi maze agisuka muri cyakirahure gishiriramo maze abanyeshuri baraseka cyane.

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Nibwo mwarimu yavuga ati” Ubu ndashaka kubabwira ko iki kirahure kigereranywa n’ubuzima bwanyu. Udupira nashyizemo mbere tugeranywa n’ibintu by’ingirakamaro m’ubuzima – Imana, umugabo cyangwa umugore, umuryango wawe, ubuzima bwawe, n’ibindi ukunda – niba ibindi bintu byose byabura ariko ibyo bikagumaho ubuzima bwawe bwakomeza kuba bwuzuye. Amabiye ni ibindi bintu nabyo by’ingenzi nk’umurimo uguha umushahara, inzu yawe, imodoka n’ibindi. Umucanga ni ibindi byose biza mu buzima bwawe ariko bito bito.” Arakomeza aravuga ati, “Nushyira ubwa mbere umucanga mu kirahure, umucanga umaze kuzura ntabwo uzabona umwanya wo gushyiramo udupira cyangwa amabiye. Ibyo ni kimwe n’ubuzima, niwibanda kubintu bito bito ukabitakazaho umwanya n’imbaraga zawe, ntuzigera ugira umwanya w’ibintu binini by’agaciro kuri wowe.” Ibande kubintu bituma ugira umunezero mu buzima. Kina n’abana bawe. Jya kwa muganga gukoresha ibizamini byo gusuzuma uko ubuzima buhagaze. Sohokana umufasha wawe musangire akantu. Igihe cyose hazakomeza kubaho imyanya yo gukorera isuku inzu, cyangwa koza imodoka. Ubwa mbere na mbere wite kudutenesi, ibintu by’ingirakamaro mu buzima. Bitondeke ukurikije uko birutanwa mukuba byihutirwa. Ibisigaye ni umucanga gusa.

Umwe mubanyeshuri yazamuye ukuboko maze abaza icyo icyayi gihagarariye mu buzima. Mwarimu aramwenyura, arasubiza ati, “Nejejwe n’uko ubajije icyo kibazo. Byashatse kubereka ko naho ubuzima bwawe na gahunda zawe byaba bigaragara ko byuzuye cyane, buri gihe hagomba kuboneka umwanya wo gusangira igikombe cy’icyayi cyangwa ifanta n’inshuti yawe kuko ari ikintu k’ingenzi mu buzima bwawe.”

Iki ni igishushanyo kiza cy’uburyo dushobora kugera kubintu bikomeye mu buzima nitwiga gutandukanya ibintu by’ingirakamaro kuri twe n’ibintu byihutirwa ariko atari ngombwa cyane mu buzima, hanyuma tugatondeka icya mbere muburyo bisumbanywa mukuba ingenzi no kwihutirwa kurusha ibindi. Iyo mwarimu abanza gusuka umucanga mu kirahure hanyuma agakurikizaho amabiye, yari kuza gusanga adafite umwanya uhagije waho ashyira udutenisi twose nk’uko yari yaduteguye. Bityo yari gutoranya udutenisi ashyira mu kirahure n’utwo areka. Uko yari gutoranya kose ntabwo byari kumukundira gushyira utwo dupira twose mu kirahure. Udutenisi tumwe ntabwo twari kuba twagize amahirwe yo kwitabwaho muri icyo cyumweru. Ese udutenisi duhagarariye iki kuri wowe? Ahari ni:

Imibanire yawe n’Imana

Imibanire yawe n’umugore/umugabo wawe

Imibanire yawe n’abana bawe

Ubuzima bwawe

Ugukura no gutera imbere kwawe Fata umwanya ubu ukore urutonde rw’ibyo utekereza ko ari ingirakamaro n’iby’agaciro kuri wowe nk’umugabo, umugore, umubyeyi, umushumba, umuyobozi n’ibindi. Ni utuhe dutenisi tw’ingenzi mu buzima bwawe? Kora urutonde rw’ibyo uha agaciro mu buzima bwawe bwite nibyo mu murimo w’Imana. 6.4. Mbere ya byose tegura gahunda y’icyumweru Iyo umaze guhitamo ibintu by’agaciro kuruta ibindi, igikurikiraho ni ugutenya umwanya wabyo mu cyumweru. Buri munsi w’icyumweru uwugaburemo ibice bitatu, mbere ya saa sita, nyuma ya saa sita, n’umugoroba. Hanyuma shyira buri kintu wateganije muri iyo myanya y’umunsi kuri gahunda y’icyumweru cyose. Rimwe na rimwe hari ibyumweru ibyari biteganijwe gukorwa bitazakorwa bitewe n’uko habonetse ibindi bitunguranye bitwara uwo mwanya, nk’igihe wagiye m’urugendo cyangwa watumiwe mu mahugurwa ahantu kure. Ariko icyiza cyo gutegura gahunda y’icyumweru ni uko uba wizeye ko ibintu byawe by’ingenzi bifite igihe cyabyo byagenewe mu gihe ntakindi kintu gikomeye giciyemo. Turaza kureba igihe cyo gushyiramo amabuye n’umucanga, ariko kuri iyi ntambwe tegura ibintu by’ingenzi abe aribyo uteganiriza gahunda n’umwanya wabyo mu cyumweru.

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Igihe nari umushumba w’itorero nateguraga ibikorwa byanjye mu cyumweru mu mirimo itandukanye ikurikira kandi ni muri ubu buryo nashoboraga guha umwanya wa mbere ibyo ntekereza ko ari ingenzi kuruta ibindi muri icyo cyumweru:

Kuwa gatanu mu ijoro hari hateganirijwe ‘umugoroba w’umuryango’. Nta nama twateguraga kuri uyu mugoroba cyangwa gusura umuntu n’umwe. Iyo twabaga tugiye gufungura kuri uwo mugoroba twafungaga telefone kugira ngo zitaza kuturangaza. Turangije, twakinaga imikino itandukanye cyangwa tugakora ibindi bintu twateganije mbere kandi tukaba twizeye neza ko abana babyishimira.

Muri uwo mugoroba twabaga twateguye ifunguro ridasanzwe. Tumaze gutegura ibyo kurya ku meza, twazimyaga televiziyo. Iyo televiziyo icanye ntabwo wagira igihe byiza n’abo muri kumwe naho ibyo iri kwerekana byaba ari gahunda ya gikristo. Hanyuma twabaga twafunze telefone tugacana imashini yakira telefone gusa (reka mvuge ko iki gihe terefone zigendanwa zari zitarabaho. Ari muri kino gihe byaba gufunga tefone ngendanwa ‘mobile’). Tugomba kumenya ko itorero ry’igihe cya mbere ryashoboye kubaho no gukura nta relefone ngendanwa rifite ihora ifunguye. Mbere y’uko dusenga twafatanaga ibiganza, hanyuma tugasengera ifunguro ndetse n’ibindi bibazo. Nta na rimwe nigeze nsenga amasegonda arenga 20 cyangwa 25 kuko byari gutuma abana barambirwa iyo dukoresha umwanya muremure wo gusenga, ushobora gushyira ukwizera kwinshi mu isengesho rigufi cyane.

Turangije gufungura habagaho umwanya umuntu wese akavuga inkuru ebyiri zerekeranye n’ibyabaye kuri uwo munsi. Twari dufite ibwiriza ko nta muntu uca undi mu ijambo cyangwa ngo amuhagarike, cyangwa ngo anegure ibyo undi avuze.

Abantu bazi umuryango wacu batangazwa n’uburyo dushyize hamwe ariko twashyizeho urufatiro rukomeye kugirango ibi bigerweho kuko twagiye tugira ibihe byo kubana no kuganira n’abana bacu.

Nafataga umunsi umwe mu cyumweru wo kutagira umurimo nkora w’iby’itorero. Mugutangira nawufataga kuwa mbere, nyuma naje guhindurira kuwa kane kuko nabonaga ariho hari umwanya ukwiye. Umurimo w’Imana urimo byinshi bihamagara umuntu kuburyo umushumba ashobora gukora iminsi yose ubutaruhuka, ariko ntabwo ari byiza no ku buzima bwacu kandi bigabanura umusaruro wakagize mubihe biri imbere. Ijambo ry’Imana ritubwira gukora iminsi itandatu mu cyumweru.

Uwo munsi wo kuruhuka, nabaga nateguye icyo ndi bukorane n’umugore wanjye Carol. Rimwe na rimwe twarasohoka gutembera cyangwa gusangira ikawa ahantu runaka. Ibihe nagiye mbana n’umugore wanjye muri ubu buryo byakujije imibanire yanjye nawe kandi byoroheje ubuzima bwacu kuburyo butuma n’ibindi bintu byose bikorwa mu buryo bworoshye. Na nubu iyo turi gukora mu rugo, buri gihe saa yine n’igice duhagarika ibyo twakoraga, tukicara k’urubaraza rw’inzu hamwe tukanywa ikawa turi kuganira.

Buri mugoroba wo kuwa mbere nagiraga ibiganiro n’abakuru b’itorero, rimwe na rimwe n’ itsinda ryose ry’abayobozi iki gihe nkavugana n’umwe umwe kugiti cye. Ibi byamfashaga kuganira ibyerekeye iyerekwa ryanjye ku itorero, hanyuma bikamfasha kumenya ibitekezo byabo n’uko bahagaze kuri iryo yerekwa. Byatumaga kandi nshobora kubaha ubujyanama bwa gishumba iyo byabaga bikenewe, no kubaha impuguro n’inyigisho zikenewe.

Kuwa kabiri mbere ya saa sita cyari igihe cyo gutegura ikibwiriza naho kuwa gatanu mu gitondo ngafata umwanya wo kwandika icyo kibwiriza cyose. Nzi abashumba bamwe usanga bafatiriwe n’ibintu byinshi kuburyo ibihe byinshi bisanga badafite ikibwiriza ku cyumweru maze bagategura bageze imbere y’amateraniro. Kuri jye nk’umushumba, ikibwiriza ni kamwe muri twa dutenisi ngomba gushyira mu kirahure mbere y’ibindi byose.

Kuwa gatatu k’umugoroba nafataga umwanya wo guhugura no gusohokana itsinda ry’abantu bashinzwe ivugabutumwa mu itorero. Mfata ivugabutumwa nk’ikintu cy’ibanze kandi k’ingirakamaro mu itorero niyo mpamvu rigomba gushyirwa k’urutonde rw’ibintu by’ingenzi mu

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itorero. Nitubanza gushyira umucanga mu kirahure, tuzasanga bishoboka ko tubura igihe k’iki gikorwa k’ingenzi mu itorero.

Ibyo maze kuvuga nibyo bintu by’ingenzi nabanzaga gushyira muri gahunda yanjye y’icyumweru. Ibi byamfashaga kutagera ku mpera z’icyumweru ngo nicuze ko hari ibintu ntakoze cyangwa ntahaye umwanya uhagije mu cyumweru kandi byari ingirakamaro. Kugira umwanya wihariye n’umugore wanjye cyangwa n’abakuru b’itorero byagiye bishoboka kuko nabaga narabiteguye mbere y’igihe naho ubundi wari gusanga nafatiriwe n’ibindi bito bito bitanganya umumaro. Igihe nari ndangije kwiga amashuri y’ijambo ry’Imana nihaye ingamba zo kwivugurura no gukura ubwanjye. Ndibuka ko nari nagiriwe inama yo gukora ibi n’umushumba w’irindi torero rinini. Yambwiye uburyo yari yagiye kugira inama umushumba mugenzi we wari wavuye mu murimo bitewe no kurengerwa n’imirimo n’uburuhe. Yambwiye uburyo yarebye akabati cye k’ibitabo akabona ari ibitabo bishaje gusa ku buryo yamenye ko kuva yava mu ishuri rya tewologiya uwo mushumba nta kindi gitabo gishya yongeye kugura ngo agisome. Muyandi magambo yari yarabaye igikuri mu byo kwiyungura ubumenyi kuburyo nta kintu gishya yari agifite cyo kubwira abantu. Ushobora kubura amafaranga cyangwa uburyo bwo kubona ibitabo kugira ngo uteze imbere ubumenyi bwawe nkuko mbikora ariko hari izindi nzira nyinshi wakoresha muburyo bwo kwivugurura no kwiyongera ubumenyi. Nzi umwigisha mpuzamahanga w’ijambo ry’Imana wambwiye ko yagerageje gusoma Bibiliya mu mwaka. Ku ntangiriro z’umwaka yafataga ingingo nkuru ashaka kumenya kurushaho, dufate urugero “amasengesho” – hanyuma akandika imirongo yose ya Bibiliya ivuga ku masengesho. Uko yasomaga niko yageragezaga kwiyumvisha icyo iyo mirongo ivuga n’ibitekerezo bishya ari kunguka bitewe n’ibyo agenda asoma. 6.5. Tegura gahunda y’umwaka wose Intambwe ikurikira ni ugutegura gahunda y’umwaka wose, ibi bisaba ko ugira ikaye ifite amezi n’amatariki. Udateguye mbere y’igihe uzasanga ibintu bimwe biryamiye ibindi cyangwa birundanijwe ahantu hamwe. Reba intego zawe hanyuma uzishyire muri gahunda y’umwaka kuri kalindari. Hari ubwo ushobora gusanga ufite intego nyinshi ku buryo niba ushaka kuzigeraho zose bizarushya abantu bawe. Muri iki gihe ureba intego z’ingenzi kurusha izindi akaba arizo uteganya igihe cyo kuzikora kuri kalendari y’umwaka. Ese amasengesho niyo ushyize imbere? Niba uyashyize imbere, teganya iminsi uzajya ufata ugasenga ubwawe n’igihe uzajya usengana n’itorero muri rusange. Tondeka ibindi bikorwa byose ufite birasa ku iyerekwa no ku ntego zawe muri uyu mwaka. Nudateganya hakiri kare, uzasanga umwaka urangiye ntaho wavuye nta naho wagiye mu kugera ku ntego zawe. Ndibuka ndi mu itsinda ry’ubuyobozi bw’Ishuri rya Bibiliya mu Burayi mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu. Mu itangiriro ry’umwaka umuyobozi w’ishuri yabwiye abanyeshuri ko muri uwo mwaka bazasura ahantu heza nyaburanga muri ako gace ishuri ryari ririmo kandi ko bazahishimira cyane. Nyamara, umuyobozi nta kwezi, nta n’itariki yagennye ibyo bizakorerwaho. Cyabaye igikorwa kizakorwa mu gihe kiri imbere gusa. Igihembwe cya nyuma cy’umwaka kigeze hagati nabajije uwo muyobozi igihe tuzagira gusura ha hantu nyaburanga yatubwiye mu itangira ry’umwaka kuko nari nzi ko ari ikintu abanyeshuri bagomba kunezererwa. Ndizera ko waketse igisubizo yampaye, “Igihe cyaradushiranye, nta mwanya twaba tukibonye wo gukora urwo rugendo.” Icyari gikenewe ni uko ibikorwa bizakorwa mu mwaka byari kuba byarashyizwe kuri gahunda kandi gikagenerwa n’igihe cy’umwaka bizakorwamo, hanyuma bikemeranywaho n’abayobozi bose. Uyu muyobozi nanjye yari yansezeranije ko azanjyana gutemberera amatorero amwe n’amwe yo muri ako karere ishuri ryarimo ariko ntibyigeze bigerwaho mu mwaka wose kuko twananiwe guhuza ku gihe ibyo byakorwa ngo bishyirwe kuri gahunda y’umwaka. Niba ushaka ko ibintu bikuru by’ingenzi bizakorwa, fata umwanya wo kubiteganiriza igihe bizakorerwa kuri kalendari y’umwaka y’itorero. Mbere y’uko utegura iyo gahunda y’umwaka wose fata umwanya uhagije wo gusenga, utegere Imana amatwi byashoboka ko hari ijambo yakubwira kubyo ushaka gutegura.

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6.6. Wihe umwanya uhagije wo kugera kubyiza Reka ntange ubusobanuro bwicyo nshaka kuvuga nkoresheje ikigereranyo. Igihe najyaga kuyobora itorero mu mugi umwe wo muri Australia, natumiwe kuba umwe mu itsinda ry’abakozi b’Imana bo muri ako karere hanyuma ndijyamo. Igihe bashakaga umuyobozi w’iryo tsida nabonye abandi bayobozi basa n’ababitinya maze nemera kuba umuyobozi waryo kumara igihe cyose nzaba ngikorera aho. Iryo tsinda ry’abashumba ryateguraga ibiterane bihuza amatorero yose yo muri ako karere, hanyuma bagashaka mbere y’igihe umushyitsi uzavuga ubutumwa muri icyo giterane. Byari bimenyerewe ko ibi bikorwa ukwezi cyangwa amezi abiri mbere y’uko igiterane kiba, kandi umuyobozi w’itsinda niwe wagombaga gutanga ubutumire kuri wa mushyitsi. Ikibazo cyabaye ni uko twasanze abo twashakaga gutumira bose baramaze gutegura izindi gahunda, kuburyo byaturuhije kugira ngo dushobore kubona uzaza kuvuga ubutumwa muri icyo giterane. Abo twashoboye kubona sibo twari dukeneye kuko batari beza nkabo twifuzaga. Nasanze nk’umuyobozi w’itsinda ibyo gushakisha umuvugabutumwa bintwara imbaraga nyinshi n’uburyo bwinshi bitewe n’uko bidategurwa kare. Nahise mfata umugambi ko ubwo tuzongera kubonana mu nama tuzategura abavugabutumwa bo mubiterane by’umwaka utaha, bityo tukabateguza mbere y’umwaka wose. Umusaruro mwiza wavuye muri ibi ni uko bitongeye kurushya kubona umuvugabutumwa twifuza, nahamagaraga kuri telefone rimwe gusa umuvugabutumwa dukeneye agahita yemera kuko yabaga atarateganya gahunda y’umwaka ukurikira. Mbere nashoboraga guhamagara incuro 20 -30 kandi simbone uwo twari dukeneye. Gutegura gahunda y’umwaka wose, bituma ukora ibintu by’ingenzi kugihe gikwiye kandi bidateye ingorane n’imwe. Ibi bizagufasha gufata umwanya wo gukora ibintu by’ingirakamaro kandi by’ingenzi kuruta ibindi, harimo n’ibihe byo kubana n’umugore n’umuryango. Uru rugero ruratwereka uburyo gutegura mbere y’igihe ari ibintu by’abaciro gakomeye kandi bikuraho umuvundo n’uburuhe umuntu agira iyo akorera mu kavuyo cyangwa igihe cyamurenganye. Wibuke icyo nigeze mvuga kare “korana UBUHANGA aho gukora CYANE.” 6.7. Teza imbere gahunda ihamye y’icyumweru Niwaba wakurikije izi ntambwe zose uzaba ufite icyumweru giteguye neza kandi ufite na kalendari y’umwaka wose yuzuye. Noneho teganya igihe uzatangirira gukora kuri buri kintu washyize kuri gahunda. Ibihe byinshi uzatanga ubushobozi ku bandi gukora imwe mu mirimo ya buri munsi ariko kandi ugomba gukomeza gusangira nabo iyerekwa ryawe no kugenzura ko ibyo bakora bitarenga imbibi z’ibyo basabwa gukora. Bateganirize umwanya muri gahunda yawe y’icyumweru. Urugero, ushobora guteganya gusura umukuru w’itsinda ry’igikorwa runaka kuwa kane ariko ugomba gufata amasaha make kuwa kabiri kugira ngo utegure inama yawe n’uwo mukuru w’itsinda. Ibyo byandike k’urupapuro rwagahunda yawe y’icyumweru. Noneho andika ibindi bizagukenera mu cyumweru hanyuma ubigenere umwanya wabyo kuri gahunda yawe. Uhore wibuka guteganya n’ibindi bishobora kwiyongera muri gahunda ariko utari wateganije nabyo ubisigire umwanya muri gahunda yawe kuko ntibizabura kubaho. Icyumweru cyanjye nagiteguriraga k’urupapuro rwa A4 nagabanijemo ibice bitatu, mbere ya saa sita, nyuma ya saa sita, n’umugoroba. K’urundi ruhande rw’urupapuro nandikagaho ibintu byose nzi ko ngomba gukora muri icyo cyumweru hanyuma nkabitondeka mpereye kucyo nibaza cyaza ku mwanya wa 1 uwa 2, gutyo gutyo. Hanyuma kurupapuro imbere nkandika izo nimero nahaye ibyo nteganya gukora muri byabice bitatu by’umunsi. Ubu nibwo buryo nabaga mfite gahunda yanjye y’icyumweru iteguye neza kuburyo bizanyorohera kuyubahiriza nta munaniro binzaniye. Nzi ko kuri ubu hari imashini za mudasobwa zishobora gufasha mugutegura gahunda y’icyumweru n’iy’umunsi, ariko abashumba benshi bo mu bihugu bitaratera imbere ntabwo bafite izo mashini, niyo mpamvu mbagira inama yo gukoresha urupapuro mugutegura gahunda yabo y’ibikorwa by’icyumweru.

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6.8. Tunganya urutonde rw’ibikorwa by’umunsi Iki nicyo gikorwa cya nyuma mugutegura gahunda y’imirimo. Igihe ukora urutonde nk’uru uzasanga ko ukora ibintu muri gahunda kandi bitakuvunnye ariko ikibabaje n’uko wasanga wibanda gukora ibintu bidafite akamaro cyangwa atari byo by’ingenzi kuri wowe. Cyangwa mbaye nk’utanze ikigereranyo ni nk’uko washyira urwego k’urukuta rw’inzu ukihutira kuruzamukaho, hanyuma wagera hejuru ugasanga urwego warwegetse k’urukuta rutari urwo washakaga kuzamukaho. Kora urutonde rw’ibyo ugomba gukora ku munsi kandi wandike n’izindi gahunda ziteganijwe wemeranije n’abantu. Urangije, tondeka ibyo bikorwa byose uteganirije umunsi ukurikije uko birutanwa mu kuba ari ingirakamaro uhereye ku cya mbere kiruta ibindi kuba ingenzi. Teganya umwanya ushaka kumara kuri buri gikorwa cy’umunsi. Urugero, kwandikira ibaruwa Fred, ni ikintu gishobora kuza gutwara umwanya muto ahubwo watangirira ku gutegura amasomo uzatanga mu ihugurwa ry’abayobozi uteganya kuzajyamo. Naryo yenda warigenera amasaha nk’abiri kuko ugifite umwanya mu cyumweru wo kuritegura. Nzi ko abandi banditsi bazakubwira ko ukwiriye kwandika imbere ya buri gikorwa kiza gukorwa iminota ushaka kukimaraho, ariko ndashaka kwemeza ko jye ntigeze mbikora ahubwo igihe igikorwa cyabaga kitarangizwa mu mwanya muto, mu mutwe wanjye nateganyaga iminota nshaka kukimaraho. Ahari nanjye ngomba kwisubiraho nkivugurura mu kugena iminota ya buri gikorwa nkabyandika. Inyungu zo guha buri gikorwa igihe ntarengwa ni ukugufasha gukoresha igihe neza. Hari umugani uvuga ngo, “Igihe cyose ufashe ushaka kurangiza umurimo wose wihaye, kiziyongera kugira ngo bise naho igihe kigihari.” Niyo mpamvu nk’abayobozi dufite inshingano nyinshi zidushaka twakwikuramo imvugo ivuga ngo niyo masaha y’abirabura. Mbere byari biruhije kubahiriza igihe kuko ntamasaha twari twambaye turebera isaha ku izuba tugereranya aho umunsi ugeze ariko ubu siko bikiri. Ibi ni ukuri ariko ni ibyo kwitondera kugira ngo ikintu kimwe kidatwara umwanya w’ibindi byari byateganijwe. Niba watondetse ibikorwa uteganya ukurikije uko bisumbanwa mu gaciro kabyo, tangirira ku cya mbere aricyo uha agaciro cyane hanyuma kirangiye cyangwa umwanya wakigeneye urangiye ufate igikurikiyeho, gutyo gutyo. Rimwe na rimwe ushobora kutaza kurangiza ibyo wari wateguye byose uwo munsi ariko ntibigutere impungenge. Kwiherezo, uzategura urundi rutonde rw’imirimo y’umunsi ukurikiyeho kandi hari ubwo uzasanga ibyo wari wise ingirakamaro bihindura imyanya wari wabihaye. Hari ubwo icyo wari washyize mu myanya ya nyuma, wasanga noneho ejo aricyo uhaye umwanya wa mbere. Ubu ni ubuhanga bukwiye kwigwa. Ntabwo nsanzwe ndi umuntu ugira gahunda muri kamere yanjye, ariko nihaye intego yo gukoresha igihe muburyo bw’ubwenge. Umumaro ukomeye nakuye mu gutegura gahunda y’imirimo yanjye ni uko bivana mu mutwe umunaniro, wo kwibaza niba nza kurangiza ibikorwa bindeba byose ku gihe nyacyo cyangwa niba bimwe nza kubyibagirwa kuko ntaho nabyanditse kuri gahunda yanjye. Guteganya gahunda y’ibikorwa byanjye by’umunsi, icyumweru n’umwaka byagabanije umuruho, bimpa gukora nitonze nziko ndi gukora ibyo nagombaga gukora. Inyungu ivamo ni uko nkora iby’ingenzi kandi mu gihe nyacyo kuruta iyaba nakoreraga mu kajagari. 6.9. Kugera k’umusaruro ushimishije mu nama Reka ntere intambwe mvuge kubyerekeye kugira umusaruro mu inama. Inama ni kimwe mu bikoresho bigufasha gusuzuma niba iyerekwa ryawe riri kugerwaho cyangwa ko uri guta igihe bikomeye. Hari ibintu byinshi ukwiye gutekerezaho niba ushaka ko inama izagenda neza.

Tegura inama Niba ushaka umusaruro ukwiye mu nama ugomba kuyitegura neza. Wakwibaza ubwawe ibibazo bibiri:

Ni iyihe ntego y’iyi nama? Ni iki nibwira ko gishobora kuva muri iyi nama?

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Niba wasubije neza ibi bibazo biri haruguru, ube uzi neza ko umurongo w’ibyigwa wateguwe neza kuburyo busubiza intego yawe y’inama. Niba udafite umurongo w’ibyigwa usobanutse, biragaragara ko mu inama muzavuga kubintu byinshi ariko nta ntego murasaho ifatika. Ni byiza ko abantu bazaza mu inama bamenya mbere y’igihe ibizavugwaho mu inama, ibyo bituma bashobora kwitegura neza batekereza kuri buri ngingo, bayisengera ndetse bategura n’ibindi byakenerwa kugirango ibyigwaho bizagende neza. Niba hari abasabwa kuzatanga raporo cyangwa andi makuru ayo ariyo yose bakwiye kubimenya kare bakazaza biteguye. Nibidategurwa gutya impaka zo mu nama zizaba urudaca, ndetse wasanga nta n’imyanzuro ifatika inama igezeho. Nigeze guhura n’ibintu nk’ibi mu myaka ishize ubwo umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’itorero ryacu yari yateguye guhura nanjye nyuma yo kunywa icyayi cya mu gitondo, no gukora akanama gato k’ubuyobozi. Inama yagombaga kumara amasaha abiri ariko ayo masaha yashize ntaho barageza ngo barangize. Nibwo yasabye uruhushya aza kumbwira ko na kwihangana ko agifite nk’indi saha imwe cyangwa abiri mu nama. Nyuma y’andi masaha atatu nibwo inama yarangiye hanyuma tujya twaganira. Yansabye imbabazi z’uko inama yatinze cyane ambwira ko byatewe n’uko hari ikintu bigagaho cyaje mu nama gitunguye batarakibwiwe mbere. Ibyo rero byabatwaye umwanya munini wo kugitekerezaho. Iki rero nicyo kiba iyo abantu batabwiwe mbere ibizavugwaho ngo bafate umwanya wo kubitekerezaho mbere y’uko inama iterana, kandi bashake ibigendanye nibizavugwaho byose mbere y’uko bazahura bafata imyanzuro. Niba bishoboka k’umurongo w’ibyigwa habemo ingingo yerekeza ku iyerekwa ryawe kugira ngo ivugweho. Inama nyinshi ziga ibibazo bya buri munsi, zigafata ibyemezo ariko ugasanga k’umurongo w’ibyigwa nta ngingo yerekeza ku iyerekwa rikuru. Igihe washyize k’umurongo w’ibyigwa ingingo yo kuvuga ku iyerekwa ryawe, bizatuma abantu basobanukirwa icyerekezo, ubahe umwanya wo gutekereza kuri ryo, bitume igihe uzaba ushaka kugira icyo urikoraho ibyemezo bizafatwa bizaba bibavuyemo nk’ibyabo atari iyerekwa ryawe gusa.

Andika ibyemezo byose by’inama kandi mwandike n’ushinzwe buri kintu cyavuzweho Ube wizeye ko mwanditse ibyemezo by’inama kandi ko bibitswe neza cyane cyane imyanzuro yagezweho. Igihe mumaze kwemeranya k’umwanzuro w’ingingo yigwagaho, nti mukajye ku yindi ikurikiraho, mudahaye umuntu kubasomera umwanzuro ngo mwumve neza ko uko wanditswe ariko mwabivuze kandi ko buri mwanzuro mwawuteganirije umuntu uzakurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryawo. Bahe igihe ibyo bigomba kuba byakorewe. Buri gihe igikorwa bakigenere itariki kizakorwaho cyangwa kigomba kuba cyarangiye. Urugero, niba mwateguye kuzubaka ikintu, mwakwandika muti” mu inama itaha, Yosefu Blow azazana urutonde rw’ibikenewe kuri iyo nyubako“. Ubunararibonye bwanjye bunyemeza y’uko iyo mwafashe umwanzuro ariko ntimushyireho uzakurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryawo, nta kintu kizakorwa. Iyi ni imwe mu nama y’ingirakamaro nshobora gutanga kubyerekeye ku “kugira umusaruro ushimishije mu nama”. Ndibuka nkirangiza ishuri rya tewolojiya ubwo nashingwaga kuyobora itorero, hanyuma ntangira gusoma igitabo cy’inama z’ubuyobozi bw’iryo torero kugira ngo ngire igitekerezo ku byakorwaga muri iryo torero. Nasanze ko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka washize bari bafashe icyemezo cyo kugira ibyo bahindura ku nyubako y’urusengero ariko nta muntu numwe bari bahaye inshingano yo gukurikirana icyo gikorwa. Nsomye inyandiko mvugo y’inama y’ubuyobozi yakurikiye iyo nasanze icyo kibazo barakigarutseho, kandi ko buri wese yumvaga ko ari ngombwa ko bagira ibyo bahindura ku nyubako. Ibyo byakomeje kuba gutyo no mu zindi nama zakurikiyeho. Niba nibuka neza, byafashe amezi atandatu kugira ngo ibyo bashakaga guhindura ku rusengero bikorwe. Mbega, hari uwo bashinze gukurikira uwo murimo? Ese bamuhaye igihe bigomba kuba byakozwemo uko kingana? Iyo bikorwa gutya, ibyo byagombaga kuba byarakozwe vuba, kuko nta muntu wishimira ko mu nama ikurikira bamubaza impamvu atakoze ibyo bari bamushinze kereka iyo afite impamvu yumvikana yo kuba ntacyo yakoze. Nabonye igishushanyo cy’inzovu yasamye cyane, kuri icyo cyapa hari handitsweho ngo “Iyo byose byavuzwe kandi byakozwe, akenshi biravugwa cyane aho gukorwa.” Ibi ni ukuri n’ubwo bibabaje, cyane cyane mu nama, ariko nutegura mbere y’igihe kandi ukamenya neza ko buri mwanzuro

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wahawe umuntu wo kuzakurikira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryawo, uzabona byinshi bikorwa kurenza uko byari bisanzwe.

Kora inama igera ku myanzuro ishimishije Nk’umuyobozi w’inama ufite inshingano zo kuyobora inama ukayifasha kugera ku myanzuro ishimishije aho kureka inama ikavuga urudaca kandi nta ntego iraswaho. Kare muri izi nyigisho nigeze kuvuga uburyo itorero rishobora kureshya abantu bafite ubushobozi. Ngirango uribuka ko nanditse ngo, “Ariko, abakire akenshi bagera kuri ubwo butunzi kubera ko bafite ingabire ya kavukire y’ubushobozi bwo gukora hamwe no kwiha gahunda ndetse no kugira umwifato uboneye. Icyo bashaka ni umushumba bashobora kubaha. Bashaka umushumba wakujije muri we ubushobozi kavukire, ufite amavuta y’umwuka mu buzima bwe, kandi wiha gahunda bijyanye n’umwifato uboneye. Bacibwa intege n’abashumba badashoboye bityo bazigira ahandi.” Kuyobora inama itanga umusaruro ushimishije bisaba kudatuma abantu bazenguruka hirya no hino mubitekerezo bata umwanya w’abandi, ibi bizatuma abantu b’ingirakamaro baza mu itorero ryawe kuko bakunda kurasa ku ntego. 6.10. Amagambo asoza Zirikana ibitekerezo bikurikira byavuzwe n’umwanditsi tutazi izina. Ibi bitekerezo bisobanura ubuyobozi muri make meza: Abayobozi babi: Abantu bavuga ko babanga. Abayobozi beza: Abantu bavuga ko babakunda. Abayobozi bakomeye: Abantu bavuga ngo, “Nitwe tubikora.” Guhamagarwa n’Imana kuba umuyobozi mu itorero, ariryo “Umubiri wa Kristo” ni amahirwe ntagereranywa. Turusheho kuzirikana cyane ko Imana iduhamagara idakurikije uko turi uyu munsi ahubwo yo yita cyane kuko ishaka ko tuzamera ejo hazaza. Ibi Imana ibifitemo ubunararibonye kuko irebera iherezo mu itangiriro. Itegure rero gukoreshwa n’Imana naho uyu munsi itangira ryawe ryaba ari rito ku iherezo uzaba ikirangirire. Imana iguhe umugisha ubwo ufashe umugambi wo kuba umuyobozi Imana yaguhamagariye kuba we. Gusa gira ibihe bihagije byo gusenga no kwimenyereza umurimo, ibisigaye ubiharire Imana.

AMABWIRIZA YO GUKORESHA IGIHE NEZA

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Bibliography Beasley-Murray, Paul, and Wilkinson, Alan. Turning the Tide. London: Bible Society, 1981 Blair, Tony. A Journey. London: Hutchinson, 2010 Covey, Stephen. The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. Melbourne: The Business Library, 1996 Hybels, Bill. Courageous Leadership. Zondervan: Grand Rapids, 2002 Kendall, R.T. Out of the Comfort Zone. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 2005 Maxwell, John. Developing the Leader Within You. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1993 Snodgrass, Klyne. The NIV Application Commentary: Ephesians. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996