Amazon Web Services:

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)

陳雪菁 [95C 資管組 P95747009]2008.03.27

Agenda

• Introduction

• Amazon Web Services overview

• Amazon EC2 is ….

• Amazon EC2 Benefits

• Typical Examples

• Q & A

Amazon?

• Consumers (Buy)

• Associates, Sellers & Merchants (Sell)

• Developers (Innovate)

Issues Facing Developers

• 70% of Web Development Effort is “Muck”:– Data Centers– Bandwidth / Power / Cooling– Operations– Staffing

• Scaling is Difficult and Expensive:– Large Up-Front Investment– Invest Ahead of Demand– Load is Unpredictable

Solution: Web-Scale Computing

• Scale capacity on demand

• Turn fixed costs into variable costs

• Always available

• Rock-solid reliability

• Simple APIs and conceptual models

• Cost-effective

• Reduced time to market

• Focus on product & core competencies

6

Amazon Web Services Are...

A set of APIs and business models which give developers access to Amazon technology and content

Data As a ServiceAmazon E-Commerce Service

Amazon Historical Pricing

Infrastructure As a ServiceAmazon Simple Queue Service

Amazon Simple Storage Service

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud

Amazon SimpleDB

Search As a ServiceAlexa Web Information Service

Alexa Top Sites

Alexa Site Thumbnail

Alexa Web Search Platform

People As a ServiceAmazon Mechanical Turk

The Commercial Side

• Standard licensing terms• Commercially usable• Aggressive pricing• Monthly credit card billing• Self-serve model:

– Sign up as developer– Choose services – Agree to service licenses– Enter payment info– Start coding

Amazon EC2 Is…

• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

• Hardware As A Service

– A Web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.

• Designed to make Web-scale computing easier for developers. – really Xen virtual machine instances running on AMD

x86; each instance has 2GB RAM and 150GB disk• A simple Web service interface that provides complete c

ontrol of your computing resources– create/destroy from the command line

Amazon EC2 Concepts

• Amazon Machine Image (AMI):– Bootable root disk– Pre-defined or user-built– Catalog of user-built AMIs– OS: Fedora, Centos, Gentoo, Debian,

Ubuntu, Windows Server– App Stack: LAMP, mpiBLAST, Hadoop

• Instance:– Running copy of an AMI– Launch in less than 2 minutes– Start/stop programmatically

• Network Security Model:– Explicit access control– Security groups

• Inter-service bandwidth is free

Simply to Use Amazon EC2

• Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). • Upload the AMI into Amazon S3. • Configure security and network access. • Choose the type(s) of instance you want to run. • Start, terminate, and monitor as many instances of your

AMI as needed, using the web service APIs. • Pay for the instance-hours and bandwidth that you actua

lly consume.

EC2 SOAP/Query API

• Images:– RegisterImage– DescribeImages– DeregisterImage

• Instances:– RunInstances– DescribeInstances– TerminateInstances– GetConsoleOutput– RebootInstances

• Keypairs:– CreateKeyPair– DescribeKeyPairs– DeleteKeyPair

• Image Attributes:– ModifyImageAttribute– DescribeImageAttribute– ResetImageAttribute

• Security Groups:– CreateSecurityGroup– DescribeSecurityGroups– DeleteSecurityGroup– AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress– RevokeSecurityGroupIngress

Service Highlights

• Elastic• Completely Controlled• Flexible• Designed for use with Amazon S3• Reliable• Secure• Inexpensive

Pricing

• Pay only for what you use and there is no minimun fee.• Pricing is per instance-hour consumed for each instance type. • Partial instance-hours consumed are billed as full hours.

• $0.10 - Small Instance (Default)

– 1.7 GB of memory, 1 EC2 Compute Unit (1 virtual core with 1 EC2 Compute Unit), 160 GB of instance storage, 32-bit platform

• $0.40 - Large Instance

– 7.5 GB of memory, 4 EC2 Compute Units (2 virtual cores with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 850 GB of instance storage, 64-bit platform

• $0.80 - Extra Large Instance

– 15 GB of memory, 8 EC2 Compute Units (4 virtual cores with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 1690 GB of instance storage, 64-bit platform

Amazon EC2 Benefits You Because It

• Reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server instances to minutes

• Quickly scales capacity, both up and down, as your computing requirements change

• Changes the economics of computing:– Pay only for capacity that you actually use– a + bc becomes just bc

EC2 Gotchas

• Local storage is non-persistent

– When you shut down, your data is lost– Need to write it elsewhere; but S3 is free!– You can "freeze" a running instance's "disks" to S3, as

an "AMI" (Amazon Machine Instance), then duplicate that to as many servers as you like

• DHCP IP address assignment

– So IP changes when instance reboots– Hard to use as a public server– HTTP is still usable with a reverse proxy, such as

Pound or Apache's mod_proxy

Typical Examples

• Photo Share Web Site

• Online Backup

• Email Services

• Search experience JamLoop

• Podcast GIGAVOX

Web-Scale ArchitectureGigaVox is the leading podcast technology company.

GigaVox Implemented Amazon S3, Amazon EC2 and Amazon SQS in November 2006

Summary

• Cheap• Scalable• Beefy• Fault tolerant• Experiment!

Questions?

• http://www.amazonaws.com/

• http://del.icio.us/jm/aws• Technical Report TR-08-07

– An Evaluation of Amazon’s Grid Computing Services: EC2, S3 and SQS

• 勞虎跑得快 – 亞馬遜 Bezos 的豪賭 — Web 2.0 基礎設施租賃業