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JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
AMIRUL BIN ARIPIN
Ketua Penolong Pengarah KananJabatan Alam Sekitar Negeri Sarawak
25 April 2019, Imperial Hotel, Kuching
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
2
Kandungan
1. Latarbelakang Pengurusan BuanganTerjadual di Malaysia
2. Industrial Ecology Concept
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
3
Latar Belakang
Dalam beberapa dekad, telah berlakupeningkatan secara drastik perkembangansektor industri di Malaysia. Perubahan dalampembangunan industri menghasilkan buangantoksik dan berbahaya (buangan terjadual) yangperlu ditangani secara mampan
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
4
Latar Belakang
Malaysia telah memperkanalkan pelbagai polisidan program bagi mengawal buangan terjadualdari industri semenjak 1989 melalui pengenalandan penguatkuasa peraturan berkaitanpengurusan buangan terjadual.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
5
Latar Belakang
Terkini, pengurusan buangan terjadual di Malaysia adalah berdasarkan prinsip ‘cradle
to cradle’.
Sebagai tambahan, Malaysia juga mengambilpendekatan mempromosikan penggunaanbuangan sebagai bahan mentah gantian
atau bahan api alternatif tanpa menjejaskankualiti produk yang dihasilkan dan tidak
menjejaskan alam sekitar.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
6
Latar Belakang
JAS sedang menetapkan dasar yang kontemporari dan sesuai mengikut keadaan
semasa berhubung sektor pengurusan buanganterjadual berdasarkan amalan prinsip ’cradle to cradle’ dengan memperkukuhkan prinsip 4R (reduce, reuse, recycle, recovery) di dalam
negara
JAS juga sedang mengintegrasikan dan mempromosi amalan pengeluaran bersihmelalui teknologi mesra alam di dalam
pengurusan buangan terjadual
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
7
HIERARKI PENGURUSAN BUANGAN TERJADUAL
DI MALAYSIA
PREVENTION / REDUCE MATERIAL CONTENT / CLEANER PRODUCTION
RE-USE / CO-PROCESSING
RECYCLING
RECOVERY
INCINERATION/ PCT/SOLIDIFICATION)
LANDFILL
4R
DIS
PO
SAL
&TR
EATM
ENT
WASTE UTILIZATION
RESOURCE RECOVERY
WASTE REDUCTION
WASTE TO ENERGY
}
} SECURED LANDILL
MO
ST P
REF
ERA
BLE
LEA
ST P
REF
ERA
BLE
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
8
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Malaysia mensasarkan menjelang tahun 2030 akan mencapai
sasaran SDG, penghasilan buangan dapat dikurangkan secara
berperingkat melalui kaedah kawalan, pengurangan, kitar semula
dan gunasemula
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
9
INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY CONCEPTS
“one industry’s by-
product is another’s
raw material”
Industrial Ecology refers to industries engaging in a
system of mutually beneficial symbiosis.
“one industry’s waste is another’s feedstock”
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
10
GOAL FOR INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
“ to integrate
production systems
and product
cycles with natural
ecosystems”
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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POLISI
Malaysia menyokong prinsip Industrial
Ecology bagi mengurangkan pencemaran
dan buangan, pada masa yang sama
mengekalkan peningkatan ekonomi dan
suasana perniagaan yang berdaya maju,
memelihara alam sekitar dan meningkatkan
kualiti hidup komuniti dengan
menggunasemula buangan sebagai sumber
yang mampan
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
12
End of Life Strategies
ADVOCATING INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
Advocating
Industrial
Ecology
Abandon Vehicles
Co-Processing
Sustainable Resource
Management Centre
Special Management of Scheduled
Waste
Eco-Industrial Park Concept
Recovery Facilitiy
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
13
FEATURES OF ECO-INDUSTRIAL PARK
Markets for all of the
waste could be utilized
Involve a variety of
industries
Materials and energy
exchanges provide
economic benefits to
the participants
Exchanges are self-
supporting (e.g. use of
power plant waste heat
in a refinery)
Central facilities (e.g.
power plant & oil
refinery)
Integrating flow of
energy and materials
in diverse industrial
operations, increasing
mass and energy
efficiency
Involve exchanges
between facilities are
located adjacent to
each other (however,
co-location of facilities
is not always
necessary)
Waste materials can be
productively used (the
potential for finding
new uses for waste)
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
14
Eco-Industrial Park vs Conventional Industrial Park
Criteria Economic benefit Economic & Environmentalconsideration
Network Focus Raw material, product Raw material, products & by product
Waste Management Individual or group disposal
Reutilization, recycle and co-processing
Waste Generation Large quantity Minimal or zero quantity
Community Environmental conflict Environmental friendly
Social Image Causes pollution Eco-friendly industry
Eco-Industrial
Park
Conventional
Industrial Park
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
15
End of Life Strategies
ADVOCATING INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
Advocating
Industrial
Ecology
Abandon Vehicles
Co-Processing
Sustainable Resource
Management Centre
Special Management of Scheduled
Waste
Eco-Industrial Park Concept
Recovery Facilitiy
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
16
Co-Processing
The use of suitable waste materials in manufacturing
processes for the purpose of energy and /or resource
recovery and resultant reduction in the use of
conventional fuels and / or raw materials through
substitutionGuidelines On Environmentally Sound Co-Processing Of Scheduled Wastes In Cement Industry
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
17
Kenapa Perlu Co-Processing?
Co-Processing dapat mewujudkan kesan positif terha
dap alam sekitar dan komuniti setempat melalui:
• Merancakkan ekonomi negara dengan mengurangkan kos
pengurusan buangan terjadual
• Mewujudkan konsep ’Eco Town’ supaya pengurusan
buangan lebih sistematik / mesra alam serta
mengurangkan pelupusan haram.
• Mengurangkan pelepasan CO2 dengan penggantian
bahan api fosil dengan bahan api alternatif.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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Kenapa Perlu Co-Processing?
Co-Processing dapat mewujudkan kesan positif terha
dap alam sekitar dan komuniti setempat melalui:
• Menyumbang kepada Zero Waste Future dengan
mengurangkan kuantiti buangan ke tapak pelupusan dan
secara tidak langsung mengurangkan kesan pencemaran
ke atas tanah dan sumber air serta pelepasan gas rumah
hijau.
• Mengekalkan sumber semula jadi yang dijadikan sebagai
bahan mentah utama dalam Industri Simen.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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Tanur Simen (Cement Kiln) pada asasnya me
rupakan peralatan yang efisien bagi penguru
san akhir buangan kerana :
• Suhu operasi di antara 1450 ° C sehingga 2000 ° C.
• Long residence time
• Tahap kandungan oksigen dan suhu tinggi memboleh
kan pemusnahan komponen organik sepenuhnya.
• Penyerapan komponen gas seperti HF, HCl, dan SO2
pada bahan mentah yang kaya dengan kalsium karbo
nat.
• Zero Residue dan tiada residue yang perlu dihantar
ke tapak pelupusan. Tiada risiko untuk diuruskan oleh
generasi akan datang.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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ZERO WASTE CONCEPT
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
SW 408SW 313
SW 322SW 323
Sludgeswaste water treatment plant
ARM
ARM
ARM
ARM
AFAF
CA
SW 204
SW 104
SW 104
SW 205
SW 311
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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DOKUMEN PANDUAN
Alternative Raw Material
(ARM)
Alternative Fuel (AF)
Cement Additives (CA)
Restriction
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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Kesan penggantian 3% bahan mentah dengan
bahan mentah gantian (ARM)
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000
NSCI PERLIS
NSCI BAHAU, NEGERI SEMBILAN
LAFARGE LANGKAWI
LAFARGE KANTHAN, PERAK
LAFARGE RAWANG, SELANGOR
TASEK CEMENT, PERAK
HUME CEMENT , PERAK
YTL PERAK HANJOONG, PERAK
YTL PAHANG CEMENT, PAHANG
CMS CEMENT, SARAWAK
7,041
13,203
10,269
9,392
6,349
6,932
12,225
12,469
9,000
4,180
Quantity of ARM
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000
NSCI PERLIS
NSCI BAHAU, NEGERI SEMBILAN
LAFARGE LANGKAWI
LAFARGE KANTHAN, PERAK
LAFARGE RAWANG, SELANGOR
TASEK CEMENT, PERAK
HUME CEMENT , PERAK
YTL PERAK HANJOONG, PERAK
YTL PAHANG CEMENT, PAHANG
CMS CEMENT, SARAWAK
7,041
13,203
10,269
9,392
6,349
6,932
12,225
12,469
9,000
4,180
-
-
-
3,705
3,502
4,932
3,520
2,500
4,400
2,755
Kuantiti Buangan Terjadual yang tidak ke tapak pelupusan - 91,060 Mt/Bulan
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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End of Life Strategies
ADVOCATING INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
Advocating
Industrial
Ecology
Abandon Vehicles
Co-Processing
Sustainable Resource
Management Centre
Special Management of Scheduled
Waste
Eco-Industrial Park Concept
Recovery Facilitiy
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
25
SMART BLEND BAGI MENINGKATKAN PENGGUNAAN
BUANGAN TERJADUAL
Smart blend adalah kaedah percampur
an buangan yang mempunyai satu alau
lebih parameter yang melebihi had yang
dibenarkan.
Smart blend merupakan kaedah yang efektif
bagi mengelakkan buangan yang tidak boleh
melalui co-processing daripada dilupuskan.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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TREATMENT FACILITY FOR ARM AND AF
Finger printing (assessmentof compatibility of incoming
wasteand batch control
Blending of solidsto meet the
acceptance criteria.
Blending of liquidsto meet acceptance
criteria
Emulsification ofsolids, semisolids
and sludge
Blending of semisolids to meet the
acceptance criteria
Impregnation of solids by sludge
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
27
End of Life Strategies
ADVOCATING INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
Advocating
Industrial
Ecology
Abandon Vehicles
Co-Processing
Sustainable Resource
Management Centre
Special Management of Scheduled
Waste
Eco-Industrial Park Concept
Recovery Facilitiy
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
28
PENGURUSAN KHAS BUANGAN TERJADUAL
• Buangan terjadual yang dikeluarkan daripada kemudahan
atau proses tertentu dikecualikan daripada diolah, dilupus
kan atau diperolehkembalidi premis atau kemudahan selai
n premis yang ditetapkn atau kemudahan pengolahan ata
u pemerolehan kembali di tapak.
• Peraturan 7, Peraturan-Peraturan Kualiti Alam Sekeliling
(Buangan Terjadual) 2005.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
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PENGURUSAN KHAS BUANGAN TERJADUAL
Cement Plant
(Co Processing)
Batching Plant
High Carbon Ferromanganese slag (SW 104)
Silica Fume (SW 104)
Silico Manganese Slag (SW 104)
Silica Fume (SW 104)
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
30
PENGURUSAN KHAS BUANGAN TERJADUAL
Ceramic or Porcelain
Tiles Process
Wastewater
Sludge
Wastewater Sludge
Brick MakingEffluent From
Polishing Process
Effluent From Washing
Process
IETS
IETS
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
31
PENGURUSAN KHAS BUANGAN TERJADUAL
Industrial gas (Acetylene Gas) Palm Oil Mill
By product - SW427 (Calcium
Hydroxide) for neutralization processFinished Product - “Bleaching
Earth” for refinery oil
Residue SW205 (Waste
Gypsum)
Co-Processing Soil Conditioner
Consumer
Waste – Spent
bleaching earth
Industrial Welding
Bleaching Earth
Factory
Product
-Cooking
Oil
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
32
End of Life Strategies
ADVOCATING INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
Advocating
Industrial
Ecology
Abandon Vehicles
Co-Processing
Sustainable Resource
Management Centre
Special Management of Scheduled
Waste
Eco-Industrial Park Concept
Recovery Facilitiy
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
33
POLISI KENDERAAN TERBIAR
Biro Pengaduan Awam (BPA) memaklumkan aduan terti
nggi yang diterima adalah berkaitan kenderaan terbiar a
tau ditinggalkan ditepi jalan.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
34
BAGI PENGURUSAN BUANGAN TERJADUAL DARIPADA
KENDERAAN TERBIAR
MEWUJUDKAN GARIS PANDUAN PROSEDUR PERLESENAN
KEMUDAHAN RAWATAN BERLESEN BAGI KENDERAAN
(AATF)
Kerjasama antara Agensi
Kerajaan
Mewujudkan Pelan
Komunikasi
Perlesenan &
Penguatkuas
aan
Penglibatan Pihak
Bekepentingan
Kesedaran Awam
Pengurusan Buangan Terjadu
al dari Kenderaan Terbiar
secara Environmentally
Sound Manner (ESM)
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
35
CARTA ALIR PENGURUSAN KENDERAAN TERBIAR
Co Processing
Steel Operation
Automobile
shredding
Plastics and
Metal Separator
Metal Recovery
Separated
Plastics Recovery
Energy
Recovery
Energy
Ash
Iron
Electric Arc FurnaceDust
Automotive Shredding residue
Authorised Automotive
Treatment Facility
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
36
SISTEM SOKONGAN
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
37
Drivers for recycle & reuse: BUSINESS
Economics of the
system
✓ Efficiency
✓ Sustainability
✓ Competitiveness
Material stewardship
Global
competitiveness
Sustainability
Process
efficiency
FROM CRADLE TO CRADLE
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
38
Drivers for recycle & reuse: COMMUNITY
✓ Reduced demand for local natural resource
s (e.g. rock)
✓ Landfill only as a last resort means life
span of existing landfill is extended
✓ Environmental and social impact is
minimised
✓ Waste treated as a resource
✓ Local entrepreneurial opportunities as by-
products become a tradeable commodity
Resource
preservation
Landfill
life
Impact
minimised
Cradle to cradle = win, win situation
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
39
Tidak semua buangan terjadual boleh
dikitar semula atau diperolehkembali,
sama ada disebabkan oleh keadaan
nya atau disebabkan oleh faktor
ekonomi.
Oleh itu, gunasemula merupakan satu
kaedah penyelesaian alternatif dalam
pengurusan buangan terjadual yang
holistik berbanding tapak pelupusan
dan incinerator.
JABATAN ALAM SEKITARDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
http://www.doe.gov.my