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d;zpo 20113

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ÿêÅçÕ (ÁÅéð¶ðÆ)

âÅ. ÜÅ×Æð ÇÿØÁËî.¶. (ÿ×Æå, ê³ÜÅìÆ, èÅðÇîÕ ÁÇèÁËé), êÆ.ÁËÚ.âÆ

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a ÒÁ³ÇîÌå ÕÆðåéÓ âÅÇÂðËÕàð ÇüÎÇÖÁÅ ÇòíÅ× ê³ÜÅì,Ú¿âÆ×ó· ç¶ ê¼åð é§: ÇîåÆÁé°ÃÅð ðÅÜ ç¶ ÃÆéÆÁð ÃËÕ¿âðÆ ÃÕ±ñ» çÆÁ»ñÅÇÂì̶ðÆÁ» ñÂÆ êÌòÅÇéå ÔËÍ

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4/8/90 20/2/91

Donations are eligible for relief u/s 80 G of

Income-Tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961) vide CIT/-I/

CHD/ Tech./ 80-G/ 2008-939 dated 19-05-2008

valid upto 31/03/2012

Ú¿ç¶ çÅ ò¶ðòÅa ç¶ô: ÇÂÕ ÕÅêÆ AE ð¹., AE@

ð¹.ÜÆòé î˺ìð AE@@ ð¹.

a Çòç¶ô: ÃñÅéÅ C@ , ÜÆòé î˺ìð C@@a ÒÁ³ÇîÌå ÕÆðåéÓ ñÂÆ âðÅëà

ÒÁ³ÇîÌå ÕÆðåé àzÃàÓ ç¶ éÅî ÔÆ í¶Ü¶ ÜÅä ÜÆÍ

d/P ;kbkBk vke okjhA, e'ohno okjhA 500 o[gJ/

ftu

$ $

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State Bank of Patiala Amrit KirtanTrust A/c 65079603302

ÇÚ¼áÆ ê¼åð ðÚéÅò» í¶Üä ñÂÆ êåÅÁ³ÇîÌå ÕÆðåé àzÃà (ðÇÜ.)

ë¯é : @AGB-

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e-mail: drjagirsingh@gmail.com

Website : www.amritkirtan.com, www.gurshabad.com

âÅ. ÜÅ×Æð ÇÿØ, êÌèÅé ÒÁ³ÇîÌå ÕÆðåé àzÃàÓ é¶

ÇÃðÜäÅ Çê³Ìàð÷ Áå¶ Ãà¶ôéð÷,

ÁËÃ. ÃÆ. ÁËë. A@G, ë¶÷-G, î¹ÔÅñÆ å¯º ÛêòÅ Õ¶

DBB, ÃËÕàð AE-¶, Ú¿âÆ×ó· 寺 êÌÕÅÇôå ÕÆåÅÍ

Please forward your e-mail id at drjagirsingh@gmail.com

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Type Setting & Designed by :

Rajpreet Singh Khural - 9915545084

fwqs n;kvV/ ;/Jh 4

eoT[ p/Bzshnk 5

;zs ;[ikB f;zx! ih dh bk;kBh ehosB ebkr[oBkw f;zx (vkH) 6

Ppd ;[ofbgheko ;qH frnkB f;zx n?pNkpkdipoizr f;zx

16

;[o fbgh ^ okr[ ;{jh, fszB skb 24

BHAI JWALA SINGH

The Icon OfAncient Sikh Religious Music

Harjap SinghAujla 19

r[o{ okwdk; L ihtB, P\;hns ns/ ;zrhsegozgokvkH i;pho e"o 8

;[o fbgh tkb/ Ppd d/ noE 25

Çîåz ÁÃÅâó¶ öÂÆÇîåz ÁÃÅâó¶ öÂÆ

d;zpo 20114

Communication CentreFormal RestaurantsExhibition RoomsAccommodationInformal EatingTours & TravelsConferencingFloral Shop

Premium Event CentreMillennium Centre

DeliberationsAbhinandan

ExporamaMind SetArt Craft

Sector: 22 - C, Chandigarh,Ph.: Fax :

E-mail :Website :

2700045-48 0172-2700051hotelaroma@glide.net.in

www.hotelaroma.com

Thanks for October 2011 issue of "Amrit Kirtan received two days back, which is a

wonderful edition containing almost all articles providing valuable, educative information on

Gurbani Kirtan for the benefit of mankinds and lovers of Kirtan listeners/ Kirtanya's. Our

heartiest congratulations to Sr.Harbhajan Singh (Namdheri) for getting Sangeet Natak Academy

Award in recognition of his contribution to spread Gurbani Kirtan in its original Raga's as

enshrined in Sri Guru Granth Sahib.

2. Equally we also send our heartiest congratulations to Dr. Jaspal Singh, Vice Chancellor,

Punjabi University, Patiala for the stpes he has taken for the promotion of Gurbani Kirtan in co-

operation with SGPC, SriAmritsar. Dr. Gurnam Singh, who has conducted this important project

is himself an expert and master of Gurbani Kirtan art in its original form. His soul stiring

rendering of "Bhaj Ram, Ram Ram" at Diwan Ashthan, Manji Sahib, Sri Amritsar on 8-x-2011

was an excellent exposition of classical item.

3. I do appreciate your "Karo Baynantia" and such episode may be published from time to

time in further.

4. I am very much delighted to read that within a month to my suggestion (Amrit Kirtan

August 2011) for the presentation of Bhai Samund Singh Kirtan has been fullfilled. We must

congratulate you and SR. Mohinder Singh Bindra ji in this regards. Please send me 5 Cd's for our

use here.

5. Once again, I would love to suggest Sr. M.S. Bindra ji to aprepare "Asa Di War Kirtan of

Bhai Samund Singh ji on CD for permanent Conservation, if not already done so. I wonder if you

himself have not yet sung "Asa di War" If so, I have already requested you for 2 CD's to be send in

my e-mail of 6-6-11

6. Please visit Gurbani Jag meh Chandn Stall at Gurudwara Bangla Sahib, New Delhi

between 04-1-2011 to 16-11-2011.

With admiring and respect full regrads.

Bhagwant Singh

d;zpo 20115

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;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp ihdh pkDh dk

nyzv gkm eotkT[D Bkb'A

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tX/o/ ;kofEe j?

HHHs[jkvk eh ftuko j?<HHHs[jkvk eh ftuko j?<

d;zpo 20116

u"Vk w;se, GotK fujok, Bkw y[wkohnK nZyK, d[Xhnk ;c?d p;so, r'b fuZNh ns/ d;s{ohd;sko, B[okBh w;sh s/ gqG{ gq/w ftu ozrh fBowkDsk dk BK j?, ;zs ;[ikB f;zx ih fdZbh tkb/.

i/ T[BQK dh s'o j? sK n;b'A ;fji ;[Gkth gkDhnK s/ s?oB tKr, i/ p?me j? sK nfjZb s/ nv'b;zrwowoh uKdBh fuZNh w{osh tKr, i/ p'b jB sK rfjo rzGho noEK tkb/, r[ZMhnK owiK tkb/,gqfeosh Bkb fJefwe j'J/, gjkVK s'A tfjzd/ MoB/ tKr.

fJe wjkB sgZ;th, foPh nkswk dh ;wkXh tKr, ;zs ;[ikB f;zx ih d/ ehosB ftu nB"yh s/nrzwh fyZu ;h. ;[ohbkgD fJzi, fit/A ;zrhs dh d/th ;o;tsh B/, nkgD/ e{b/, e'wb, eokwksh eoK BkbfJBQK d/ ezm ƒ ;'fXnk ;tkfonk j't/.

nkg dh ehosB P?bh Bkb fJe Bt/A :[Zr dk nkozG wzfBnk ik ;edk j?, fi; ftu ebk;heb;zrhs Bkb ;pzXs ;kohnK XkoktK nk iKdhnK jB. po| d/ rb/Phno tKr fgxbd/ nDfrDs, p/i'V s/uwsekoh gqGkt tkb/ nbkg ;B. i' wBK ƒ w'w eod/ ns/ o{j ƒ nB'yh w;sh s/ o{jkBh y/vK gqdkB eod/;B.

fGzB fGzB gqeko dhnK nB/eK skBK, w[oehnK s/ w[yV/, nkg dh ntkI ftu'A e[dosh MoB/ tKrc[ZNd/ ;B. fe;/ EK e'Jh pBktN BjhA ;h, Bk fe;/ ;[o, nbkg iK skB ftu feXo/ d[jokn j[zdk ;h,xzfNnK pZXh ehosB u"eh ftu, jo nbkg, skB iK w[oeh jo pko BthB ns/ nB"yh j[zdh ;h.

nkg dh rkfJB ebk “iB wB e' w'fjs eo?HHH” dh gfoGkPk T[~s/ g{oh T[sodh ns/ ;o'fsnK ƒehb e/ oZy fdzdh ;h. nkg ƒ fe;/ pkjoh fPzrko/ j'J/ tksktoD dh b'V BjhA ;h j[zdh. T[BQK dh ikd{ X{VdhntkI jh e'wb ns/ wX[o tksktoD dh nkg T[;koh eo b?Adh ;h. c[Zb d[nkb/ rkT[AdhnK wX{fJeZsohnK tKr ;o's/ nkg w[jko/ jh T[BQK d/ ehosB tZb fyZu/ iKd/ ;B. T[BQK d/ nbkg Bkb izrb ftuwzrb bZr iKd/, T[ikVK ftu ;orwK dhnK r[bIkoK wfje T[~mdhnK.

nkg dh rkfJB P?bh, b?n^goXkB ;h, T[j b?n i' wB[Zyh iIfpnK ftu fEoeD ns/ nzrK ftufBos eoB dh T[e;kjN g?dk eodh j?. fJj th nkfynk ik ;edk j? fe nkg dk ehosB fpojk ns/ft:'r goXkB ehosB ;h. j?okBh tkbh rZb fJj j? fe T[BQK dh ehosB u"eh ;w/A, o; Bkb ehb/j'J/, jIkoK ;o's/ nkg w[jko/ ehosB d/ Bkb rkT[D bZr iKd/ ;B, fJ; soQK Bkb jIkoK ;w{fje ntkIKdhnK nB'yhnK r{ziK ;w'jeh pD iKdhnK jB. nfijh gqGkth fw;kb j'o feXo'A fwbDh pj[s n"yh j?.

g[oksB ohsK d/ Bkb Bkb nkg B/ j'o nB/eK ;ob s/ ;"yhnK w"fbe ohK dh fi; Yzr Bkbf;oiDk ehsh, T[; s'A fJj gqGkt g?Adk j? fit/A f;oiDjko/ r[o{ ;kfjpkB B/ nkg jh fJBQK ohsK ftu, fJBQK

;zs ;[ikB f;zx ih dh bk;kBh ehosB ebk;zs ;[ikB f;zx ih dh bk;kBh ehosB ebkvkH r[oBkw f;zxvkH r[oBkw f;zx

d;zpo 20117

skbK ftu ns/ fJ; b?n ftu rkT[D bJh r[opkDh Ppd dh f;oiDk ehsh j't/. wjkokik oDihs f;zxtkb/ ;KM/ gzikp d/ brGr ;ko/ fBZe/ tZv/ PfjoK ftu nkg dh ntkI r{zi d/ ojh j?. nkg ih dh rkfJehBkb wkbt/ d/ g/Av{ y/soK ftu fJj gfjbk w"ek ;h fe fJ; ;zrhs gZy'A ;[Zsh gJh Xosh s/ fJBQK d/ ;zrhsdhnK ;[oK dh r{zi gJh, spb/ dh eBko N[Deh s/ Xkw/ dh r[ziko gJh. tkfJbB ns/ fdbo[pk s/ rI s/skoK fEoehnK. nkX[fBe s/ BthB ;kIK ntkIK d/ b[ekJh B/ doPB ehs/. fJBQK d/ iZE/ ftu jow'Bhnwtkik, spbk, tkfJbB, fdbo[pk nkfd ;kI ;kE fdzd/ ;B. ;kIK ntkIK ftu tzB ;[tzBsik s/ fGzBsk ftuth fJe nB'yk, wBw'je ;[w/b s/ fJe;[osk ;h. e'Jh ntkI fe;/ s/ Gko{ BjhA ;h j[zdh, Bk jh p/b'VhyVeh iK nr/ fgZS/ j[zdh ;h. w'j b?D tkbh ;kIK ntkiK dh p/i'V fwbs fJe ;o{fonk goGkt X{Vdh ;h.fiZE/ ;[DB bJh ezB T[sktb/ j[zd/ ;B, T[~E/ ;o'fsnK dhnK t/yD bJh nZyK th so;dhnK ;B. fpoSK s/p?m/ gfozd/ th ehb/ iKd/ ;B.

otkfJsh ehosB s'A T[~go T[~m e/ nkg B/ ehosB ftu rt?P dhnK ;kohnK n"yhnK s/ fpyVhnKP?bhnK ƒ ;ob s/ ;fji ;[Gkth ozr fdZsk. nkg B/ fiZE/ gVskbK, m[wohnK, }IbK s/ e[nkbhnK ƒnkgD/ ehosB dk nzr pDkfJnk T[~E/ e/tb d' ;[oK tkbhnK f;ZXhnK XkoBk rk e/ th nkg fJefBt/ebk ozr pzBQ fdzd/ ;B. nkg ih dh rkfJeh dh ftP/P wjkBsk Goh rZb fJj j? fe r[opkDh d/ pj[nZyoK tkbhnK bzwhnK s[eK tkb/ Ppd iK fco fJ; s'A T[bN pj[s E'VQ/ nZyoK tkbhnK S'NhnK s[eK tkb/fGzB fGzB PpdK dk th nkg tZy tZy skbK ftu ns/ nbZr nbZr b?n ftu rt?P eoe/ ewkb dk ozrpzBQd/ ;B.

gzE d/ ni'e/ pj[s/ ehosBekoK tKr fJBQK dk ehosB e/tb ;EkJh nzso/ she jh ;hws BjhA;h, ;r'A Ppd d/ ;EkJh Gkt nB[;ko okr dh X[o nkswk sZe T[so ikD tkbk ehosB ;h. Ppd p/PZefezBk bzwk j't/, nkg Ppd dhnK N/e tkbhnK e/tb d' s[eK jh b?Ad/ ;B. eJh tko fJe jh Ppd d/ T[;/Gkt dh T[;koh bJh ftnkge rt?P eod/ nDfrDs Y[et/A gowkD fdzd/ ns/ ;kyh goXkB ftnkfynkeod/ ;B. ;wK yV'Q iKdk ;h, jtk o[e iKdh ;h. jIkoK ;o's/ ;odh rowh, X[ZV^X{V, G[Zy^fgnk;,;[ZX^p[ZX s'A w[es j' iKd/ ;B.

!XzBtkd ;fjs ‘Gb' Gb' o/ ehosBhnk’ ftu'A.

!! gq'|?;o ns/ w[yh, r[owfs ;zrhs u/no ^ r[owfs ;zrhs ftGkr, gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh,gfNnkbk.

×¹ðÇÃ¼Ö ÇðôÇåÁ» ñÂÆ Ã¿êðÕ Õð¯

×¹ðÇÃ¼Ö Ã¿Ü¯××¹ðÇÃ¼Ö Ã¿Ü¯× ê³çðÅ-ð¯÷Å ê¼åð

×¹ðç¹ÁÅðÅ ÁÕÅñÆ ìÅìÅ ëÈñÅ ÇÃ¿Ø êÈÃÅ ð¯â,

éòƺ Çç¼ñÆ AA@ @F@ ë¯é : BEHFBIEE

Now you can read Amrit Kirtan

& Download Kirtan of Dr. Jagir Singh from

www.amritkirtan.com

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d;zpo 20118

r[o{ okwdk; ih dk iBw okth d/ feBko/ t;/ ;[zdo Pfjo bj"o (gkfe;skB) d/ ;"Yh mke[o d/ g[Zso jfodk;d/ xo wksk dfJnk e"o d/ xo ese tdh 2, ;zws 1591 w[skpe 24 ;szpo 1534 B{z j'fJnk. w?ekfbc d/fbyD nB[;ko T[j ;[zdo s/ ;[BZy/ ;B s/ jz;{jz;{ eod/ ofjzd/ ;B go pkb T[wo ftu jh f;nkfDnK tKrefjDh s/ eoBh d/ wkbe ;BL

pkb T[wo fpqXB ;h ukb?Ò (r[o{gzE gqekP, gzBk 481)nkgD/ wksk fgsk d/ gb/mk dk g[Zso j'D eoe/ nkg dk BK okwdk; dh EK i/mk jh gqf;ZX j'

frnk. u{Bkwzvh d/ ;EkB s/ jh T[jBK d/ Gok ns/ fJe G?D okwdk;h dk th iBw j'fJnk. fJ; soQK GkJhi/mk dk pugB u{Bk wzvh bkj"o fty/ phfsnk. fJ; r[od[nkok ;kfjp dh fJwkos wjkokik oDihs f;zxdh wjkokDh dksko e"o B/ nkgD/ g[Zso ;H yVe f;zx d/ iBw dh y[Ph ftu p tkJh. fJ; r[od[nkok;kfjp dh fdZy jofwzdo ;kfjp Bkb ekch w/b yKdh j?. r[o{okwdk; ih B/ w[Ybh ftZfdnk nkgD/ BkBe/gfotko pk;oe/, fIbk nzfwqs;o ftZu ofj e/ g{oh ehsh. bzpk ;wK r[o{ nzrd d/t, r[o{ nwodk; ih dh;/tk ftu ofj e/ nfXnkswe r[DK ns/ ;zrhse ;kXBK Bkb wkb' wkb j' rJ/. nkg fBsB/w Bkb r[opkDhdk ehosB ;[Dd/ ;B. r[o{ nwodk; ih B/ r[o{ okwdk; B{z ;G r[DK ftu :'r t/fynk ns/ r[o{ pDB s'A pkd1553 ftu nkgDh ;g[Zso phph GkBh dh Pkdh T[jBK Bkb eo fdZsh. nkg ih d/ xo fszB g[Zso pkpk fgqEhuzd, pkpk wjkd/t ns/ (r[o{) noiB d/t ih g?dk j'J/ ns/ 1534 ftu r[o{nwodk; ih B/ T[jBK dh Grshns/ ;/tk B{z d/yd/ j'J/ r[o{ ;kfjp B{z r[orZdh p\Ph. r[o{ ;kfjp B/ nkgD/ ftnkj d/ w"e/ fJj pkDh T[ukohL

jfo gqfG eki[ oukfJnkÒ r[ow[fy thnkjfD nkfJnkÒthnkjfD nkfJnk r[ow[fy jfo gkfJnk ;kXB ezs fgnkohÒr[o{ ;kfjp B/ eb:[r ftu th ehosB B{z ;op P/q;N fejkL jfo ehos eb i[fr gd[ T[sw[ jfo

gkJhn? ;fsr[o wkMkÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 69)r[o{ okwdk; ih B/ r[opkDh ehosB d/ gquko bJh okwdk; iK uZe r[o{ dh BhAj oZyh i' fe j[D

nzfwqs;o d/ BK Bkb gqf;ZX j?. GkJh r[odk; dk c[owkB j?Lp?mk ;'Yh gkfs;kj okwdk;[ ;fsr[o ejkt?. g{oB skb yNkfJnk nfwqs;o ftfu i'fs irkt?.nzfwqs;o ;o'to fsnko eotkfJnk, f;Zyh d/ gquko bJh w;zd ;z;Ek ubkJh. r[opkDh dh

ouBk ehsh, nBzd wo:kdk B{z gZek eoB bJh ;{jh okr ftu uko bktK dk T[ukoB ehsk. ;qh r[o{ okwdk;1581 JhH ftu ;qh r[o{noiB d/t ih B{z r[orZdh ;"Ag e/ r'fJzdtkb fty/ i'sh i's ;wk rJ/.

fJ; soQK r[owfs ;zrhs dk wjkB ehosB e/Ado ;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp dopko ;kfjp d/ Bkw s'Agqf;ZX j?. ;G s'A gfjbK 'nk;k dh tko' dh ehosB u"eh gozgok r[o{ BkBe d/t d/ ;w/A eosko g[o bj"o(gkfe;skB) ftu r[o{ ;kfjp B/ ;Ekgs ehsh, wro'A nk;k dh tko dh u"eh, fpbktb dh u"eh, ;'do dhu"eh, nkosh dh u"eh, fJj uko u"ehnk r[o{okwdk; ih t/b/ dopko ;kfjp brdhnK ojhnK. fJBQKu"ehnK dh nzsors tZy tZy ;w/A T[s/ ;Ekfgs okrK ftu szsh ;kiK Bkb ehosB th j[zdk ;h.

fJ; soQK r[o{;kfjp B{z ehosB dh dks ns/ ehosB dh gozgok d/ gquko ns/ gq;ko dh brBr[o{BkBe d/t, r[o{nzrd d/t ns/ r[o{nwodk; ih d/ dopkoK ftZu ;w/A ;w/A ofj e/ gqkgs j'Jh. r[o{;kfjpB/ r[o{ BkBe d/t dh ubkJh j'Jh r[opkDh ehosB gozgok B{z ekfJw jh BjhA oZfynk ;r'A ehosB dhnKBthnK ;zGktBktK B{z T[ikro th ehsk. r[o{ ;kfjp d/ dopko ftu GkJh ;Zsk s/ pbtzv 'nk;k dh tko' dkehosB eod/ ;B. nkg B/ ;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp d/ shj okrK ftZu pkD h dh ouBk ehsh. fi; ftZu r[o{

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r[o{ okwdk; L ihtB, ;\;hns ns/ ;zrhse gozgokr[o{ okwdk; L ihtB, ;\;hns ns/ ;zrhse gozgokvkH i;pho e"ovkH i;pho e"o

d;zpo 20119

BkBe d/t ih d/ 19 okr, r[o{ nzrd d/t ih B/ e/tb ;b'e ou/ jB. r[o{ nwodk; ih B/ r[o{ BkBe ih tkb/19 okrK ftu'A 17 okrK ftu pkDh ouh go r[o{ okwdk; ih B/ gfjb/ 19 okrK ftu j'o 11 okrK dk tkXkehsk. fJj okr d/t rzXkoh, fpjkrVk, i?s;oh, N'vh, p?okVh, r"v, BN BokfJD, wkbh rkT[Vk, e/dkoK,ekBVk, efbnkD jB. nkg B/ okr d/ nrK pko/ th pkDh ftu ikDekoh fdZsh fit/A nk;ktoh d/ d' gqekogqufbs jB. fJZe P[ZX nzr dh nk;ktoh fi; ftu X?ts P[ZX brdk j? d{ik e'wb nzr dh nk;ktkoh.nkg B/ nk;ktoh okr Bkb ftP/P f;ob/y ;[zXr fi; dk Gkt j? P[ZX nzr. shj okrK ftu r[o{ ;kfjp dhpkDh eJh SzdK o{gK ns/ eJh ekft o{gK ftu j?. nkg B/ 246 gd/ ou/ jB fiBQK ftu'A d[gd/, u"gd/ s/ gzigd/ftP/P jB. eJh o{gK d/ 138 ;b'e ou/, j'o Szd o{gK ftu Szs 32 ns/ nPNgdhnK dh frDsh 31 j?.

r[o{;kfjp d/ ou/ j'J/ b'e ekft o{g gjo/, tDikok, eojb/, x'VhnK s/ tkoK ftu gqG{ fwbkg dh;KM, tkoK ftu gqG{dh tfvnkJh Pkwb j?. fJ;/ soQK Szd nkw s"o s/ gqG{ fwbkg gqrN eod/ jB. okrnk;k d/ Szs ftu t?okr dk fusoB fwbdk j? ns/ ;{jh okr ftu fwbkg dk ;[zdo ;o{g BIo nkT[Adk j?.

okr nk;k d/ S/ Szs nk;k dh tko Bkb rkfJB eoB dh tv/oh gozgok r[o{;kfjp B/ ;Ekfgs ehsh.fJjBK d/ e[b 24 nzr j'D ekoBnk;k dh tko dhnK 24 gT[VhnK Bkb fJe fJe eoe/ nk iKd/ jB.

fJ; soQK r[o{okwdk; ih dh pkDh f;oh okr ftu 6 gd/, 1 gjok, 1 tDikok, 1 Szd ns/ 21gT[VhnK jB. okr wkM ftZu 7 gd/, 1 nPNgdh, 2 ;b'e, okr rT[Vh ftu 32 gd/, 2 eojb/, 53 ;b'e,1 tko, 28 gT[VhnK okr nk;k ftu 16 gd/, 14 ;b'e, okr r{ioh ftu 7 gd/, 1 nPNgdh okr d/trzXkohftu 6 gd/, okr fpjkrVk ftu 2 ;b'e 1 tko, 21 gT[VhnK, okr tvjz; ftu 3 gd/, 2 x'VhnK, 4 Szd, 1tko, 21 gT[VhnK, okr ;'ofm 9 gd/, 7 ;b'e, 1 tko, 29 gT[VhnK okr i?s;oh 11 gd/, okr XBk;oh,13 gd/, 1 Szs, okr N'vh 1 gdk, okr p?okVh 6 gd/, okr fsbzr 2 gd/, okr ;{jh 15 gd/, 2 nPNgdhnK 2Szs, 2 ;b'e, 1 tko, 13 gT[VhnK, okr okwebh 6 gd/, okr BNBokfJD 9 gd/, 6 n;NgdhnK, okrwkbh rT[Vk, 1 gdk, okr wko{ 8 gd/, 6 ;b'e, okr s[ykoh 4 Szd, okr e/dkok 2 gd/, okr r"Av 6 gd/, okrG?oT[ 7 gd/, okr p;zs 7 gd/, 1 n;Ngdh, okr ;kozr, 13 gd/, 2 n;NgdhnK, 6 ;b'e, 1 tko 35gT[VhnK, okr wbko, 9 gd/, okr ekBVk 12 gd/, 6 nPNgdhnK 30 ;b'e 1 tko 15 gT[VhnK, okrefbnkD 7 gd/, 6 nPNgdhnK s/ okr gqGksh ftu 7 gd/ r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu doi jB. fiZE'A r[o{ ;kfjpdh Gkosh ;zrhse gozgok ns/ ehosB gozgok dh v{zxh ikDekoh dk gsk brdk j?.

r[o{ okwdk; ih B/ r[opkDh ftZu okr f;XKs dh rZb B{z tX/o/ ;gZPN eofdnK okr ;'om dhfw;kb b? e/ fejk fe ;'ofm dh okrDh sKjh ;[jktDh j' ;edh j? i/ T[; d/ rkfJB okjhA ;o'sk johBkw dhY{zv bJh gq/os j' ikJ/ ns/ T[; dh f;|s ;bkj ftu i[V ikJ/L

;'ofm skfw ;[jktDh ik jfoBkw YzY'b/ Ò r[o g[oy[ wBkt? nkgDk r[owsh jfo jfo p'b/Ò(r[o{ rqzE gzBk 682)

fJ; soQK jh okr fpbktb dh T[dkjoD d/ e/ df;nk eh fJj okr y[Ph dk okr sK jh j' ;edk j?fe fJ; ftu y[Ph d/ rhs$Ppd rkJ/ ikD ns/ gqwkswk d/ T[gd/P B{z ;fs eo wzfBnk ikt/L

jfo T[sw jfo gqG rkftnk, efo Bkd[ fpbktb[ okr. (;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 849)r[o{ okwdk; ih okr ns/ Bkd pko/ pkDh ftZu ;gZPN eod/ jB fe pkDh nB[;ko T[j jh okr

T[sw j? fi; ftu rkfJB ehsh pkDh Bkb gqG{fwbkg j' ikt/L;GBK okrK ftu ;' Gbk GkJh fis[ tf;nk wfB nkfJÒokr Bkd[ ;G[ ;u[ j? ehwfs ejh B ikfJÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 1423)fJ; d/ Bkb jh XzB r[o{ okwdk; T[jBK r[of;ZyK ehosBhnK s'A pfbjko/ iKd/ jB i' joh dk Bkw

igd/ jB ns/ ehosB okjhA T[jd/ r[D rkfJB eod/ jB. u"E/ gksPkj T[jBK s'A nkg ehsoB ;[DfdnK r[o{;kfjp dh f;cs ;bkj ftu i[Vd/ jBL

jT[ pfbjkoh fsB eT[ i' r[ow[y f;yk, ;[D ehosB jfo r[D otk jfo i;[ wfB fbykÒ(r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 630)

r[o{okwdk; ;kfjp gq/w ofjs okr Bkd B{z cI{b d;d/ jBL

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d;zpo 201110

e'Jh rkt? okrh Bkdh p/dh pj[s Gkfs efo Bjh jfo jfo Ghi? okw oki?.fiBK nzso egN[ fteko j? fsBk e'fJ fenk ehi?Ò (;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 450)

ebi[r ftu ehosB dh gqXkBsk dh rZb eofdnK r[o{okwdk; ;kfjp cowkT[Ad/ jBLjfo ehofs T[sw[ Bkw j? ftfu ebi[r eoDh ;koÒwfs r[owfs ehofs gkJhn? jfo Bkwk jfo T[oXkoÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 314)

s/ joh ehosB dh gqkgsh B{z r[o{;kfjp B/ ebi[r dh T[sw gdth fejk j?Ljfo ehofs ebi[fr gd[ T[sw[ jfo gkJhn? ;fsr[o wkMkÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 680)s/ i' ftnesh r[o{;kfjp dh pkDh dk ehosB eo/rk, r[o{ ;kfjp efjzd/ jB fe T[; dhnK uko/

e[bK so ikDrhnKLi' e' nkgB/ mke[o Gkt/. e'fN wfX J/j[ ehosB rkt?Ò (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 196)s/ fJ; soQK r[o{okwdk; r[opkDh ehosB pko/ fbyd/ jB fe ;G toBK d/ b'e ehosB eofdnK

;[DfdnK fJ; Gt ;kro s'A gko j' ;ed/ jBLwBjfoehofsefo;dj{Ò rkts;[BsigsT[Xko? poBnpoBk ;pj{Ò (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 529)s/ fJj' fijk ehosB T[j jh eo ;edk j? fi; d/ nzdo gozgok fBoXkfos j't/. fgnko Bkb s/

fBoXkos ehsk gozgok nB[;ko ehosB, ftu nkswk dk ;[y gqkgs j[zdk j?Lfi; ndo ozr ;'Jh r[D rkt?Ò r[o e? ;pd ;ji ;[y gkt?Ò (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 114)r[o{;kfjp B/ e/tb okr s/ Bkd B{z jh gqwkswk dh gqkgsh dk ;kXB wzBD tkfbnK B{z fJj dZ;

fdZsk fe oZp dh oik ftu ofjDk s/ j[ew wzBD Bkb fJe yk; Pesh jk;b j[zdh j?Lokr? Bkd/ pkjok fJBh j[ew[ B p{fMnk ikfJÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 1423)r[o{okwdk; gksPkj nkg th okr ns/ ehosB d/ XBh ;B T[jBK B/ nkgD/ nkg B{z oZp d/ Ykvh

wzBfdnK o'IkBk T[; d/ r[DK d/ Szd ;[Dd/ s/ rkfJB eod/ fi; dk jtkbk pkDh ftu'A fwbdk j?Ljw Ykvh jfo gqG y;w e? fBs rktfj jfo r[D SzskÒjfo ehosB[ eoj jfo i;[ ;[Dj fs;[ etbk ezskÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 650)fJ; soQK r[o{okwdk; ;kfjp B/ nfijk okr o; g{oB pkDh ftu fiZE/ tv/ dh tfvnkJh s/

ehosB rkfJB ehsh fit/ALjfo eh tfvnkJh tvh j? jfo ehosB[ jfoek (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 84)T[E/ T[; dh ehosB rkfJB eoB tkb/ T[; dh tfvnkJh dk ehosB eoB tkb/ GrsK B{z

tfvnkfJnk j? pkDh ftu doi j?Ljfo GrsK jfo nkokfXnk jfo eh tfvnkJhÒjfo ehosB[ Grfs fBs rktd/ jfo Bkw[ ;[ydkJhÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 316)r[o{ ;kfjp B/ ehosB d/ r[D fpnkB eofdnK pkDh ftu doi ehsk fe pkDh dk ehosB ;[DB

ns/ eoB Bkb r[DtkB s/ GrtkB pD ikJhdk j?LXzB XzB Gkr fsBk Grs iBk i' jfoBkwk jfo w[fy ejfsnkXzB[ XB[ Gkr fsBk ;kX iBk jfo ehosB[ rkfJ r[Dh iB pDfsnkÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 649);qh n;N r[o{uwseko nB[;ko ;qh r[o{ okwdk; ih dh pkDh ftu fJfsjk;e Ppe th Pkwb j'J/

fwbd/ jB fi; ftu r[o{;kfjp B/ f;Zy ehosB dk nk; s/ nkdoP th pV/ ;gZPN PpdK ftu gqrN eofdZsk j?. jo ws joe/ ehosBhnK bJh ehosB dk w[Zy wzst s/ nkdoP eh j? Ppd ftu fpnkfBnk j?.r[o{ ;kfjp d/ dopko ftu id'A ehosB j' fojk ;h sK fJe i'rh fezr ;kI b? e/ T[E/ gj[zfunk s/ r'oy BkE s/GoEoh nkfd dh T[;s ftu rhs gq;zr rkJ/. r[o{ ;kfjp B/ r[D e/ T[gd/P fdZsk fe s[jkv/ tb'A rkJ/ rhsgowkoE d/ rhs BjhA jB ns/ s[jkvk rkT[Dk fGyPk dh gqkgsh j?. fJ; bJh n;b ehosB eoB s/ ;[DBbJh i'rh B{z T[gd/P fdZskL

jfE efo szs[ tikt? i'rh, E'Eo pki/ p/B

d;zpo 201111

r[owfs jfo r[D p'bj[ i'rh, fJj wB{nk jfo ozr G/BÒ (;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 368);qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftZu r[o{okwdk; ih B/ pkDh ftu tko rkfJB P?bh B{z b'e ekft o{g ftu g/P

ehsk, tko ftu i'fXnK d/ i{MD s/ izr dk pho o;h fpnkB j[zdk ;h go r[o{;kfjp B/ fJ; B{z nfXnkswskBkb i'V e/ nZm tkoK dh ouBk ehsh fi; ftu rT[Vh okr eh tko, tvjz; eh tko, fpbktb eh tko,fpjkrV/ eh tko, ;'om eh tko, ;kozr eh tko, ekBV/ eh tko doi jB.

T[go'es nB[;ko r[o{okwdk; d/ dopko dh fBZs dh ehosB wo:kdk dk toBD frnkB frnkBf;zx ih B/ stkohy r[o{ykb;k ftu ehsk j? fe r[o{;kfjp d/ dopko ftu GkJh ;Zsk s/ pbtzv r[o{ d/dopkoh ehosBhJ/ ;B i' o'i ;t/o/ dopko ftu nk;k dh tko dk ehosB eod/ ;B fco Pkw B[z ;'do dkgkm, ehosB ns/ eEk thuko j[zdh ;h nk;k dh tko P[o{ eoB s'A gfjbK spb/ ns/ j'o ;kiK s/ ;'b'tikT[Ad/ ;B ns/ ehosB dk wj"b f;oid/ ;B. (stkohy r[o{ ykb;k gzBk 340)

r[ogqskg ;{oi rzqE ftu fJ; dk gowkD fwbdk j?L^feofsB okfJ opkph nkr?.X[fB opkp eh pkiB bkr?. (r[ogqskg ;{oi rzqE gzBk 1698)r[o{okwdk; e/tb ehosB ;[Dd/ jh BjhA ;B ;r'A r[opkDh d/ jtkfbnK s'A gsk ubdk j? fe nkg

th ehosB rkfJB eod/ ;BL^jT[ nBfdB[ jfo Bkw[ ehosB eoT[;fsr[fo w' eT{ jfo Bkw[ pskfJnkjT[ jfo fpB[ fyB[ gb[ ofj B ;eT[ (r[o{rzqE ;kfjp gzBk 369)fJ;soqK szsh ;kItikT[D iK ;zrseoBtkb/ ehosoBhnK pko/ r[o {;kfjppkDh ftucowkT[Ad/ jBL^ep e' Gkb? xz[xo{ skbk ep e' pikt? opkp[nkts iks pko fyB[ bkr? jT[ sp br[ ;wokT[ Bkw[..ep e'T[ w/b/ gzu ;s rkfJB.ep e' okr X[fB T[mkt?.. (r[o {rzqE ;kfjp gzBk 368)gzi ;Zs rkfJB s'A Gkt gzi ;[X ns/ ;s fteos ;to s'A j?, fJ; s'A gsk uZbdk j? fe r[o{ ;kfjp B{z

Gkosh ;k;soh ;zrhs d/ okrK, skbK ;kiK ns/ ;[oK dh pj[s ;{M ;h ns/ T[j T[u e'Nh d/ ;zrhsko ;B.r[o{;kfjp B/ Bt/A okr ns/ rkfJB P?bhnK B{z nkgDh pkDh ftu tos e/ r[owfs ;zrhs dk ns/ Grsh ;zrhs dky{p gquko ehsk r[o{okwdk; tb'A ofus pkDh ftu pj[s ;ko /;kiK dk fieo fwbdk j?, fiBQK dh gquko ns/ gk;koT[; tes r[o{xo d/ ehosBhnK tb'A j[zdk fojk fi; s'A r[o{;kfjp dh ;zrhse ;{M pko/ gqwkD fwbd/ jB.

s/o' iB[ fBofs eo/ r[D rkt?.opkp gykti skb xz[xo[ nBjd ;pd pikt/..(r[o{rzqE ;kfjp gzBk 381)eo efoskb gykti B?Bj[ wkE/ ti? opkpkeoBj[ wX[o pk;[oh pki? fijtk X[B nrkik.(r[o{rzqE ;kfjp gzBk 884)GkJh gkXk s/ GkJh p{bK r[o{okwdk; ih d/ dopkoh ehosBhJ/ ;B fiBQK B{z r[o{ ;kfjp ih B/

nkjzeko fsnkrD, r[of;Zy dh ;/tk eoB, eEk ehosB eoB s/ ;[DB s/ fBsB/w eoB bJh T[gd/P fdZsk,r[o{co[wkB j?L^

gkXk p{bk ikDhn? r[opkDh rkfJB b/ykoh.(tko GkJh r[odk; tko 11, gkT[Vh 16)T[go'es s'A fJbktk GkJh ;Zsk s/ pbtzv th ;t/o/ Pkw r[o{dopko ftu ehosB eod/ ;B.fJ; soQK r[o{ okwdk; ih B/ r[owfs ;zrhs d/ gquko ns/ gk;ko bJh pkDh ftZu tZy tZy rkfJB

P?bhnK dk th gq:'r ehsk. fJBQK dk fIeo th J/E/ pDdk j?L

b'e rkfJB P?bhnKeojb/ rkfJB o{gL

'eojbk' dk w{b ;q's ;z;feqs j?. ;z;feqs ftu 'eoG' ns/ 'eqw/b' d' Ppd jB. fvzrb GkPk ftu

d;zpo 201112

eoG eoj? dk ;wkBkoEh j?. gq'H ;[fozdo f;zx e'jbh dk ftuko j? fe fvzrb GkPk ftZu eojb/ Ppd dknoE j? 'T[m' i' ;dk wko{EbK ftu ftuodk j?. fgqz;hgb ;zs f;zx ;/y'A eojb/ rhs d/ ;zpzX ftu eojb/Ppd dk noE T{m iK T[mK tkb/ ns/ ekcb/ d/ nZr/ rkJ/ ikD tkb/ rhs d/ jh j' ;ed/ jB r[o{ okwdk; ih B/wB B{z 'eojbk' (T[m) efj e/ ;zp'XB ehsk j?. vkH skoB f;zx B/ 'eojb/' B{z jZb/ d/ rhs ns/ T[dw d/ rhsfejk j?. g[oksB ;w/A ftZu Y'nk Y[nkJh ns/ nktkikJh d/ ;kXB nZi tor/ BjhA ;B ;' ;kok ezw T[mKgk;'A fbnk iKdk ;h. o;s/ dh bzwh :ksok s?n eod/ tgkoh oks poks/ ;co eod/ gfotko ns/ xo pkjos'A d{o ftS'V/ dh sKx ftu fJe yk; bzwh j/e tkb/ rhs rkT[Ad/ jB. fJj bzwh j/e tkbk rhs ekcb/ dkw'joh rkT[Adk ;h pkeh ;kok ekcbk ;w/A dk wB'oziB eoB bJh e[M gb y[Ph ftu pshs eoB bJh fgZS/p'bd/ ;B. r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu eojb/ rkfJB P?bh B{z e/tb r[o{ okwdk; ;kfjp ih B/ tos'A ftu fbnKdkj?. 'eojb/' f;ob/y j/m r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu d' Ppd doi jB fi; d/ 10 pzd jB. ;' eojb/ rkfJB P?bhT[mK tkb/ tgkohnK d/ T[BQK rhsK dh b?n tZb fJPkok eodh j? fijVh gqd/; :ksok ;w/A bzwh j/e BkbrkfJnk eod/ ;B ;' n;zGt j? fe r[o{rkfJnk eod/ ;B ;' n;zGt j? fe r[o{okwdk; ih d/ ;w/A fJj b'erhsK dh b?n nkw b'eK ftu tX/o/ gqufbs j't/ ns/ r[o{;kfjp B/ X[o eh pkDh dk gquko eoB bJh fJ;rkfJB P?bh B{z fJ; b'e gqtkfBs b?n ftu fBoXkfos eoBk T[fus ;wfMnk.x'VhnK rkfJB o{gL

x'VhnK Ppd ftT[Asgsh d/ gy'A ;z;feqs d/ Ppd 'x'Ne' s'A pfDnk j?. o{g tNk e/ fJj' Ppdgqkfeqs ftZu 'x'Vk' j?. gzikph GkPk feT[Afe gqkfeqsK d/ B/V/ ojh j? fJ; bJh fJ; ftu th x'Vk Ppd jhgqufbs j?. x'Vh x'Vk dk fJ;sqh fbzr j? ns/ x'VhnK pj[tuB j?. x'VhnK gzikph b'e rhsK dk fJZe G/dj?, i' fe bkV/ d/ x'Vh uVQB d/ P[G nt;o s/ T[; dhnK G?DK ns/ j'o foPs/dkoBK tZb'A rkfJB ehsk iKdkj?. G?DK fj; rhs okjhA nkgD/ tho dh ;[Zy wBkT[AdhnK jB ns/ tXkJhnK fdzdhnK jB. fJ; soQK x'VhnKgzikp dk ftnkj ;w/A dk rhs j?. x'VhnK gzikph b'e rhsK dk fJZe G/d j?, i' fe bkV/ d/ x'Vh uVQB d/ P[Gnt;o s/ T[; dhnK G?DK ns/ j'o foPs/dkoBK tZb'A rkfJB ehsk iKdk j?. G?DK fJ; rhs okjhA nkgD/ thodh ;[Zy wBkT[AdhnK jB ns/ tXkJhnK fdzdhnK jB. fJ; soQK x'VhnK gzikp dk ftnkj ;w/A dk rhs j?.

GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk nB[;ko, “Pkdh d/ w"e/ poks B{z v/ok d/D fgZS'A fttkj ;z;eko s'A gfjbKbkV/ B{z x'Vh T[go ;tko eoe/ d[bjB d/ xo b? iKd/ jB. fJ; dk BkT[A x'Vh dh o;w oZfynk j?. T[; t/b/i' rhs rkJ/ iKd/ jB T[BQK dh ;zfrnk 'x'VhnK' j?.” b'e wBK ftu xo eo u[Ze/ fJ; b'e rhs dh XkoBkT[go r[o{ okwdk; ih B/ okr tvjz; ftu fJZe ftP/P ouBk ehsh fi; dk f;ob/y 'x'VhnK' ofynk j?feT[Afe fJ; ouBk dk nkXko G{wh fJ;sohnK tb'A rkJ/ iKd/ bzwh j/e tkb/ rhs jB. fJ;/ bJh wBw'jB;fjrb B/ fJBQK PpdK B{z 'fJ;sohnK d/ rhs' dh XkoBk T[go nkXkfos wzfBnk j?. fJBQK d'jK PpdK ftuwkBt B{z b'e ns/ gob'e d/ ;[yK B{z gqkgs eoB dk T[gd/; fdZsk frnk j?. wB[ZyK d/j o{gh bkVh B{z fPzrkohx'Vh d/ gqshe okjhI o{gwkB ehsk frnk j?. fJ; d/jh d[nkok jh gqG{dk fwbkg ;zGt dZf;nk j?. Bw{B/ti'A r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu doi x'VhnKL

d/fj G/ifD ih okfw T[gkJhnk okw.XzB[ wkD; iBw[ g[zfB gkJhnk okw.r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu 'x'VhnK' rkfJB P?bh B{z e/tb r[o{okwdk; ;kfjp B/ jh ngDkfJnk j?.

x'VhnK fJe gqshe j? fi; ftu ftnkj Bkb ;zpzfXs x'Vh o;w dk b"fee toBD g/P ehsk frnk j?.r[o{;kfjp B/ ftnkj d/ tksktoD B{z fpnkB eoB bJh bkVh bkV/ d/ fwbkg d/ Bkb ihtnkswk d/ gqG{Bkbfwbkg tb ;ze/s ehsk j?. y[Ph d/ ;w/A rhs rkT[D/, BZuDk, NZgDk wB[Zy dk ;[Gkn j?. go i/eo fJ; soQKjh fJj y[Ph d/ w"e/ tkX{ns/ ftnoE rhsK, o;wK, ohsK ftu pshs j' ikD sK gqG{ fwbkg bJh fejV/ ;w/ArkfJnk ikt/, ;' r[o{;kfjp B/ wB[yh efbnkD bJh nfij/ P[G nt;o x'Vh d/ gqshe okjhA gqG{fwbkg bJhT[s;kfjs ehsk j?.tDikok rkfJB o{gL

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d;zpo 201113

GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk nB[;ko tDikok Ppd dk noE tgko eoB tkbk tgkoh dk ;"dkro j?.r[opuB f;zx skbp B/ tDiko/ dk noE ehs/ jB. fJj Ppd r[o{;kfjp B/ T[; wB[Zyd/ gqshe ti'A tofsnk j? i' ihtB ftu g[zB ns/ gkg dk tgko eodk j?. vkH wfjzdo e"o frZb nB[;kotDikok dk noE tDi iK tgko eiB tkbk. tDiko/ b'e fJe EK s'A d{;oh EK tgko eoB bJh iKd/ ;B.;co eofdnK, d[Zy, rowh, jB/oh, sebhcK nkfd f;o T[go ;jko e/ bkG gqkgs eoB dh ;'ud/ ;B.o;s/ dh efmBkJh B{z G[ZbD d/ :sB ftu :kso{b'e rhs iK GiB rkT[D bZr g?Ad/ jB. tDikok rkfJBP?bh dk ;zpzX th :ksok rhsK Bkb j?. 'eojb/' rkfJB P?bh fit/A T{mK tkbhnK d/ rhs jB fJ; soQK jhfJj tgkohnK, tDikfonK dh b'e X[Bh T[go nXkfos b'e rkfJB P?bhnK jB fi; ftu Bkw XB fJeZsoeoB dk T[gd/P j?. r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp ftu r[o{okwdk; ih B/ tDikok rkfJB P?bh dh tos'A ehsh j?L

jfo jfo T[sw[ Bkw[ j? fifB f;fonk ;G[ e'fJ ihT[jfo ihn ns/ gqfsgkbdk xfN xfN owJhnk ;'fJÒ (gzBk 8)fJ; Ppd d/ S/ pzd jB. jo pzd ftu gzi gzeshnK jB. jo pzd fgS'A d' gzeshnK ojkT[ tkbhnK

jB. fJ; Ppd dh gfjbh gzesh S'Nh ns/ d{;oh gfjbh s'A seohpB d{rDh j?. jo pzd dk nze pzd dh ;wkgshT[go pdb iKdk j? gozs{ ojkT[ tkbhnK gzeshnK dk nze pdbdk BjhA ;r'A fJe jh ofjzdk j?. fJ; s'A ;gZPN j?fe jo gd/ B{z rkfJB eoB bJh r[o{ ;kfjp B/ tZyoh gzesh ;Ekgs eo fdZsh. p'bh ns/ P?bh d/ gZy s'A fJjouBk ;obns/ ;gZPN j?. e[M Ppd ;zrhse b?n ns/ tiB dh g{osh bJh tXkJ/ rJ/ jB.bktK rkfJB o{g

bktK Ppd dk noE j? s'VBk, ftnkj t/b/ bVeh dk nkgD/ fgsk^g[oyh ;zpzXK B{z s'V e/ ;j[o/gfotko Bkb foPsk i[Vdk j?. fJ; bJh ftnkj t/b/ nBzd ekoi d/ ;w/A rkfJB ehsh r[opkDh B{z bktKPpd Bkb ;zp'fXs ehsk frnk j?. f;Zy ;fGnkuko d/ ;zdoG ftu r[o{;kfjp B/ ftnkj d/ ;w/A bJh thftbZyD o;w pDkJh fijVh fJ; B{z \k; eoe/ pkeh XowK d/ ;fGnkuko Bkb'A fGzB do;kT[Adh j?.

;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp ftu r[o{okwdk; ih B/ okr ;{jh ftu bKtK d/ uko Ppd ou e/ fJ; nBzdekoi dh o;w B{z d[Bhnkth noEK s'A gko nfXnkswe g;ko p\P fdZsk. ftnkj dh o;w d/ fJj noEr[o{ ;kfjp tb'A bktK dh pkDh iK Ppd fBokfXs okr nB[;ko rkfJB Bkb dkoPfBe wjZst Xko rJ/.fJ; soQK r[opkDh B/ fJ; o;w B{z y/Vk gqdkB ehsk ns/ fJj o;w iht nzdo fJe y[Ph pD e/ gqt/P eodhj?. y[Ph ftu ftnkj d/ rhs fJe yk; wjZssk oZyd/ jB. fJjBK rhsK dh gozgok pVh g[okDh j?. fJjrhs ;w/A d/ Bkb nkgDh ftbZyDsk gqdkB eo rJ/. gzikph b'e rkfJB gozgok ftu pj[s ;ko/ nfij/rkfJB o{g jB fijV/ pknd ftu ftfPPN ekft gozgok ftu pdbt/A o{g ftu ngDkJ/ rJ/ jB. bktKgzikph b'e ekft gozgok ftZu ;[szso rhs o{g j?. fJj rkfJB P?bh nBzd ekoi dh o;w ;w/A rkfJB ehshiKdh j?. fJ; rkfJB P?bh d/ uko pzd jB. fiBQK ftu wB[Zyh ihtB ftu ftuoB pko/ ikDekoh fdZsh rJhj?. fJ; soQK bktK rkfJB P?bh f;Zy ;fGnkuko nzdo fJe ;[szso pkDh ti'A ftbZyD ;EkB oydhnKjB. r[o{ okwdk; ih tb'A T[go'es o;w nB[;ko uko bktK d/ PpdK d/ T[ukoD s'A pkd okrh f;zx tb'A;{jh okr ftu bktK dk ehosB rkfJB eoB dh ftbZyD gozgok ;Ekgs j?. ;{jh p;zs o[s dk okr j?.fJ; B{z rkfJB eoB dk ;wK d' xVh fdB uV/ j?. id'A gqfeosh g{oB o{g ftu ekoiPhb j' u[Zeh j[zdh j?.jo gqkDh ikr u[Zfenk j[zdk j?. fdB dk fJj i'pB gZy j?. ftnkj th wkBt nzdo jo gZy s'A i'pB dhnkwd dk gqshe j[zdk j?. fJ;/ ekoB jh f;Zy ;wki B/ fJ; o;w B{z fBGkT[D dk ;wK d[gfjo s'A gfjbK dkoZfynk j? feT[Afe ;{jh okr d/ rkfJB dk ;wK 12 ti/ s'A gfjbK dk j?. fJ; o;w t/b/ j'o th y[Ph d/nBzdwJh PpdK dk rkfJB ehsk iKdk j? i' r[owfs ;zrhs dh gozgok nB[;ko r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu gq:[esjB.

;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu doi bktK pkDh c[owkDLjfo gfjbVh bkt goftosh eow fdqVkfJnk pfbokw ihT[ÒpkDh pqjwk t/d[ Xow fdqVj[ gkg sikfJnk pfbokw ihT[Ò

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jfo d{iVh bkt ;fsr[o g[oy[ fwbkfJnk pfbokw ihT[ÒfBoGT[ G? wB[ j'fJ jT[w/ w?b[ rtkfJnk pfbokw ihT[Ò

jfo shiVh bkt wB ukT[ Gfonk p?okrhnk pfbokw ihT[Ò;zsk iBk jfo w/b jfo gkfJnk tvGkrhnk pfbokw ihT[Ò

jfo uT[EVh bkt wfB ;ji[ Gfonk jfo gkfJnk pfbokw ihT[Òr[ow[fy fwfbnk ;[GkfJ jfo wfB sfB whmk bkfJnk pfbokw ihT[Ò

fJ; soQK uko bktK ;z;ko ;zpzXK d/ N[ZND d/ uko uoB jB, fiBQK ftu'A bzx e/ gqkDh gqG{gq/w ftu;dhth o{g ftZu ozfrnk iKdk j?. gq/w Grsh nBzdwJh j[zdh j?. fJ; bJh fJj ;kok ekoi nBzd ;o{g j?,nBzd ekoi j?. ftnkj ;zpzX dh P[ZXsk ns/ T[Zusk ekoB r[o{ ;kfjpkB B/ fJ; o;w B{z gftZsosk dk doikpyfPnk j? i' r[owfs ;zrhs dh ehosB gozgok ftu ftnkj nBzd^ekoi j?. fJ; bJh bktK d/ PpdK dh ouBky/V/ s/ y[Ph d/ Gkt nB[;ko j'Jh j?. ;' T[go'es nB[;ko fJjBK B{z fi; okr ftZu T[ukfonk frnk j?, T[; okrdk Bkw ;{jh j? fi; dk noE j? ;[oy, bkb j?. fJj ozr PrBK dk ozr j? ns/ ftnkj pzXB B{z fBGkT[D tk;s/fJ; dh Io{os j?. ftnkj t/b/ t;soK dk ozr th bkb jh fwfEnk frnk j?. fJ; bJh pkDh o{g bktK fJ; gZys'A th ewkb jB. r[owfs ;zrhs dh gozgok nB[;ko ;{jh okr ftu uko bktK d/ PpdK dk rkfJB okrh f;zxKtb'A fBoXkos gqDkbh nB[;ko eoBk ukjhdk j? feT[Afe r[owfs ;zrhs dh gozgok ftu nBzd ekoi dhfJe ftP/P u'eh gozgok j? fi; sfjs fJ; dk rkfJB eoB dh gozgok j?. ;' fJ; o;w t/b/ ;G s'A gfjbKehsk b'Vhn? ezw ;[ jfo g? okyhn?, ;G? ekoi ;[j/bV/ EhJ/ s' gb? s?v/ bkrh, T[gozs bktK s/ nkBzd ;kfjps'A pknd thnkj j'nk w/o/ pkpbk PpdK dk rkfJB ehsk iKdk j?.

Pk;soh rkfJB P?bhnKgVskb rkfJB o{gL

GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk nB[;ko, “gVskb ;zrÎkiKu, SkB phB, d/y Gkb.”GkJh ;kfjp nB[;ko gVskb d/ d{;o/ noE jBL gNskb uko skb dk G/d. nkg B/ gVskb iK gNskb B{zfwqdzr s/ tikT[D tkbk uko skb dk fJe gqeko wzfBnk j? ns/ fejk j?, “fJ; skb ftu rkJ/ ikD tkb/ gdKdh gVskb ;zr:k j' rJh j?, Gkt T[j fe;/ XkoDk d/ j'D” gq'H ;kfjp f;zx gVskb pko/ fiE/ skb w[V w[Vgosdk j?, pdbdk oj/ vkH uoB f;zx nB[;ko noE fJ; dk goskT[ skb dk j?, Gkt fi; d/ rkT[D ftus[e s[e s/ skb gosdk iKdk j?, ;' gVskb j?. ;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ftu nk;k ekBV/ nkfde okrK d/gVskb ;opb'j rqzE ftu nB/eK SzdK d/ nkfd 'gVskb' fbfynk j?. GkJh ;kfjp f;zx dk fJj eEB ;qhr[o{rqzE ;kfjp ns/ ;opb'j rqzE ftu gVskb P?bh dk nzeD rkfJB dh g[PNh eodk j?L

r[owfs ;zrhs nukohnk g'qH skok f;zx d/ nB[;ko, “fi; Ppd ohs ftu s[e s[e s/ skb pdb/T[; B{z gVskb Ppd ftu tos/ rJ/ ojkU B{z ;EkJh dk o{g d/ e/, j'o gdK B{z T[jBK dh ekft f;q;Nh nB[;kofGzB fGzB skbK ftu fdZs/ nzeK dh ;hwk ftu ofjzd/ j'J/ rk e/ ;EkJh ftu pV/ nkeoPe ns/ ebksfwe YzrBkb gfot/P ehsk iKdk j?.

T[go'es nB[;ko gVskb B{z e/tb 'gNskb' ftu rkJh ikD tkbh ouBk wBDk ;jh gqshs BjhAj[zdk feT[aAfe gVskb dhnK g[okDhnK ns/ BthnK eJh ohsK tZy tZy skbK ftZu fBpZX ;[DB B{z fwbdhnKjB. r[o{;kfjp B/ gVskb fbyD ;w/A okr, wjbk, xo[, ekft o{g ns/ gVskb tZy tZy ;ze/s pkDh ftufdZs/ jB. fJ; soQK gVskb s'A Gkt nfijh Ppd ouBk fi; ftu skbK B{z pdb pdb e/ gq:'r ehsk iKdkj?. gVskb rkfJB P?bh rkfJB eoB ;w/A PpdK dh ojkT[ tkbh s[e B{z ;EkJh pDk e/ T[; dk rkfJB ftP/Pskb ftu eoB dh gozgok j?.

tZy tZy nzso/ rkfJB t/b/ th skb pdb/ iKd/ jB ns/ jo nzso/ dk rkfJB s'A pknd ;EkJh ftu fcoT[;/ jh skb ftu gosBk j[zdk j? ns/ fJ; fgZS'A jo nzsok Bt/A skb ftu b?D dh gozgok j?.

gVskb rkfJB P?bh dh f;oiDk ;G s'A gfjbK ;zrhseko r[o{okwdk; ih B/ ehsh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp ftu

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T[jBK tb'A ofus 19 gVskb okr fpbktb, BNBokfJD, BN, ;kozr, wbko, ekBVk ns/ gqGksh fpGk; okrKftu doi j?. r[owfs ;zrhs s'A pr?o fe;/ ;zrhs gozgok ftu gVskb dk T[b/y gqkgs BjhA j[zdk.

fJ; soQK r[o{okwdk; ih B/ gVskb rkfJB P?bh dh f;oiDk eod/ ;w/A fszB rkfJB P?bhnK fi; ftunwho y[;o' dk S'Nk fynkb, ;[bskB j[;?B dk tZvk fynkb ns/ okik wkB f;zx s'wo dk Xo[gd rkfJeh B{z thnkgD/ fXnkB ftu oZfynk ;h. r[o{ ;kfjp B/ gVskb rkfJB P?bh i' Pk;soh ;zrhs s/ nkXkfos j?, ftZuT[go'es toBfts ;kohnK P?bhnK B{z fJe' Ppd ftu ;o{fgs ehsk. gVskb rkfJB P?bh B{z pkDh ftu fGzB fGzBskbK, wksok p'b ns/ tiB d[nkok f;ofink. pkDh ftu gVskb P?bh ftu tos/ rJ/ ojkT[ B{z ;EkJh dk o{g d/e/ j'o gdK B{z T[BQK dh ekft f;qPNh nB[;ko fGzB fGzB skbK ftu fdZs/ nzeK dh ;hwk ftu ofjzd/ j'J/ ;EkJh ftupV/ ebkswe Yzr Bkb gqt/P ehsk iKdk j?. r[owfs ;zrhs gozgok d/ ftek; ftu Xo[gd ns/ fynkb nzr d/;[w/b Bkb gVskb rkfJB P?bh B{z fJeZfmnK gq:'r eoB dk gqubB r[owfs ;zrhs gozgok ftu ftbZyD o{gftZu w"i{d j? fi; dh T[dkjoD fe;/ j'o ;zrhse gozgok ftu BjhA j?. ;' gVskb rkfJB bJh rkfJB eosk B{zXo[gd, Xwko, fynkb, sokBk ns/ b?n ftu wep{b j'Dk Io{oh j?, ;[o ns/ r[o dh ;wM rb/ dh fsnkoh,eVedh ntkI, PpdK d/ T[ukoB dh ;wM j'Dh Io{oh j?.

;zy/g ftu n;hA fJj jh efj ;ed/ jK fe r[o{okwdk; ih B/ b'e rhsK dhnK gqufbs XkoBk T[goftef;s j'fJnK b'e X[BhnK ns/ rkfJB P?bhnK B{z nkgD/ ftukoK dk tkjB pDk e/ nkgDh pkDh okjhA nkw b'eKB{z Ppd r[o{ dk T[gd/P fdZsk. b'e nzso t/dBk s'A fJBQK b'e rkfJB P?bhnK Bkb pj[s Bidhe s'A i[V/ j'J/ ;BfJ; bJh T[BQK d?th frnkB ns/ gowkoE dk frnkB eokT[D bJh fJj ;G s'A tXhnk wkfXnw ;B.jtkb/ ns/ fNZgDhnK1 gq'H ;kfjp f;zx, ihtB fposKs r[o{okwdk;, gzBk 6H2 fjzws f;zx ;'Yh, r[o{okwdk; ihtB s/ ouBk, gzBk 72H3 fjzws f;zx ;'Yh, r[o{okwdk; ihtB s/ ouBk, gzBk 72H4 vkH wfjzdo e"o frZb, nkfd rzqE b'e o{g, gzBk 186H56 ;zs f;zx ;/y'A, gzikph ekft Po'wDh, gzBk 197H7 uoB f;zx, pkDh fpT[ok, gzBk 16H8 r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 575H9 wBw'jB ;fjrb, r[o{rqzE ;kfjp L fJe ;z;feqs ;ot/yD, gzBk 71H10 ekBQ f;zx BkGk, wjkB e'P, gzBk 1082H11 r[opuB f;zx skfbp, ;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 169H12 vkH wfjzdo e"o frZb, nkfd rzqE b'e o{g, gzBk 146H13 GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk, wjkB e'P, gzBk 567H14 GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk, wjkB e'P, gzBk 798H15 y'i gfsqek, pkDh ekft o{g ftP/P nze, gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk, gzBk 205H16 GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk, wjkB e'P, gzBk 163H17 ;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 774H18 T[jh19 T[jh20 T[jh21 T[jh22 GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk, wjkB e'P, gzBk 163H23 GkJh ekBQ f;zx BkGk, wjkB e'P, gzBk 567H24 gq'H ;kfjp f;zx, r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 325H25 vkH uoB f;zx, pkDh fpT[ok, gzBk 253H26 PpdkoE ;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp, gzBk 408H27 gq'H skok f;zx, gVskb rkfJeh, r[owfs ;zrhs gqekPB, gzBk 13H28 gq'H skok f;zx, gVskb rkfJeh, r[owfs ;zrhs gqekPB, gzBk 14H

gzikph GkPk ftGkr, gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk

S.S. Kohli,ACritical Study ofAdi Granth, Page 90.

d;zpo 201116

r[owfs ;zrhs d/ gqw[Zy Ppd ;[ofbgheko ;qH frnkB f;zx n?pNkpkd dk iBw 19thA ;dh d/ nzsftu 1897 Jh;th ftu ;qH GrtkB f;zx d/ xo, GrtkB rqfj n?pNkpkd gkfe;skB fty/ j'fJnk. fJjPfjo n?pNkpkd fjwkbk gops dh gZSwh Xko dh fJe ;hsb xkNh ftu tf;nk j'fJnk j?. pkb nt;Ekftu ;odko frnkB f;zx B/ r[ow[yh dh gVQkJh gVQ e/ d; iwksK gk; ehshnK ns/ ;qh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp ihdk gkm eoBk P[o{ehsk. n?pNkpkd r[od[nko/ ftu ihtB pshs eoB tkb/ ;zs GkJh bkb f;zx B/ nkgDku"bk T[sko e/ pkb frnkB f;zx ƒ gfjBk fdZsk. fJ; d"okB nkg G[Mzrh ;Gk d/ w?Apo pD ehosB dhtkBKftu ikDk P[o{ eo fdZsk. fJZE'A jh nkg ƒ Ppd ehosB eoB ;[BD dh brB bZrh. r[od[nkok ;[Xkobfjo ;w/A nkg PjhdK d/ ;;eko tkb/ fJfsjk;e fdB ;qh BBekDk ;kfjp gj[zu/. fJ; Pjhdh ;ke/ ƒt/yfdnK nkg nzdo fJBebkph iIpk Go frnk. fJZE/ jh nkg B/ gqfsZfrnk eo bJh fe j[D sBd/jh Bkbr[oXkwK dh ;/tk jh eoKrk. fJ; ;w/A d"okB r[od[nkok n?eN s'A gfjbK u[Dh rJh P'qwDh r[[od[nkokgqpzXe ew/Nh d/ nkg w?Apo pD/. 1924 ftu id'A P'qwDh r[od[nkok gqpzXe ew/Nh ƒ }?o ekƒBh eokofdZsk frnk sK T[; ;w/A nkg ih ƒ ;kEhnK ;w/s frq|sko eo fbnk frnk. d' ;kb w[bskB i/bQ ftueNfdnK nkg B/ nzdo jh Bkw f;woB ns/ r[opkDh ezm ehsh. fJ; T[gozs nkg d' tkoh r[od[nkok gzik;kfjp j;B npdkb (gkfe;skB) fty/ gqXkB ti'A ;/tk th fBGkT[Ad/ oj/. T[gihtek d/ ;kXB bJh nkg ihB/ tgkoh feZs/ ƒ ngDkfJnk. d/P dh tzv T[gozs nkg fdZbh Pfjo d/ t;Bhe pD/ ns/ fJZE/ jh nkg B/ ;qHw/bk f;zx Bkb fwb e/ nkowI n?Av n?w[BhPB dk ezw P[o{ehsk.

;qH frnB f;zx n?pNkpkd B/ r[owfs ;zrhs Ppd ehosB dh w[ZYbh f;Zfynk nkgD/ fgsk ;qHGrtkB f;zx s'A gqkgs ehsh. GrtkB f;zx nkgD/ rqfj fty/ o'IkBk Pkw ƒ nkgD/ gfotko ;[w/s PpdehosB efonk eod/ ;B fi; dk v{zxk n;o T[BQK d/ ;g[Zso ;qH frnkB f;zx T[~s/ fgnk. fJ; T[gozs nkgih B/ opkph xokD/ d/ g[oksB s/ gqf;ZX opkph ehosBeko GkJh skpk ih s'A ns/ T[; ;w/A d/ gqf;ZX okrhiZfEnK s'A Ppd ehosB, ;zrhs ns/ r[owfs ;zrhs dh f;Zfynk gqkgs ehsh. fJ; w[Zsfbe ;qH frnkBf;zx ih \[d fbyd/ jB, “i'Vh tkik f;ZyD bJh w?A ekch ;wK you eodk ;K. Pfjo ftu e'Jh okrh ;ZiDnkt/ sK fJ; r[D dh gqkgsh bJh n?;/ ;ZiD ƒ T[u/uk :sB eoe/ th fNek b?Dk s/ f;ybkJh eoBh.

;gZPN j? fe ;qH frnkB f;zx n?pNkpkd B/ S'Nh T[wo/, GkJh BokfJD f;zx ih rqzEh i' f;zx;kfjp frnkBh G[fgzdo f;zx (j?~v rqzEh ;qh dopko ;kfjp nzfwqs;o) d/ fgsk ;B dh gq/oBk d[nkok tZytZy r[od[nkfonK ftu Ppd ehosB eoBk nkozG ehsk. fJ; r[D ftu tkXk eoB bJh Pfjo ftu nkJ/okrhnK opkphnK gk;'A nkg r[owfs ;zrhs dhnK Ppd ehosB ouBktK f;yd/ oj/. T[gozs fdZbh fBtk;hfrnkBh jofdZs f;zx dh gq/oBk Bkb f;ZyhnK j'JhnK Ppd ehosB ouBktK ƒ ;[ofbgh ftu fbyDk nkozGehsk. fJ; ekoi d/ fbyD bJh nkg d/ Bkb GkJh ;zsk f;zx eztb ns/ GkJh fdnb f;zx (fgqz;hgbfdnkb f;zx) ;fj:'rh j'J/.

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Ppd ;[ofbgheko ;qH frnkB f;zx n?pNkpkdPpd ;[ofbgheko ;qH frnkB f;zx n?pNkpkdipoizr f;zx!ipoizr f;zx!

d;zpo 201117

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d;zpo 201118

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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

! y'ikoEh, r[owfs ;zrhs ftGkr, gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk

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2H T[jh, gzBk T.

3H T[jh, G{fwek, gzBk j.

4H T[jh, gzBk e.

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6H ntsko f;zx (GkJh), r[ouoB f;zx (GkJh), r[opkDh ;zrhs gqkuhB ohs osBktbh (Gkr gfjbk),gpbhe/PB fpT{o', gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk, 1979, gzBk 22 (G{fwek).

7H r[oBkw f;zx (vkH), r[owfs ;zrhs L gopzX s/ gk;ko, gpbhe/PB fpT{o', gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk,2000, gzBk 188^193H

8H ntsko f;zx (GkJh), r[ouoB f;zx (GkJh), r[opkDh ;zrhs gqkuhB ohs osBktbh (Gkr gfjbk),gpbhe/PB fpT{o', gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk, 1979, gzBk w[ypzd.

d;zpo 201119

Half a millennium ago, what at present is a small sleepy midsized town called Sultanpur

Lodhi used to be a flourishing garrison town of the Lodhi Muslim Dynasty that ruled Northern

India prior to Mughal Emperor Zaheer-ud-Din Babar's conquests of Northern plains of India. This

small place was the seat of a provincial capital and was also a decent sized trading and business

centre. During those days the present day big urban agglomerations of Punjab like Ludhiana,

Jalandhar and Amritsar were in existence, not as mega cities and business centres, but just in the

form of small nondescript villages located amidst fertile agricultural lands.

Located on the East Bank of the Ravi, the Ancient city of Lahore was the biggest and the

most important city and a regional administrative centre of the area North of the capital city of

Delhi. After Mughal invader Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar defeated the Emperor of Northern India

Ibrahim Khan Lodhi in 1526, in the famous Battle of Panipat, Sultanpur Lodhi governed by his kin

Daulat Khan Lodhi also started falling on bad days. The subsequent Mughal rulers paid virtually

no attention to Sultanpur Lodhi and practically abandoned it. Sarhind became the most favored

town of the Mughals in the middle of the national capital Delhi and provincial capital Lahore. But

prior to the Mughal Army's invasion and conquest of Northern India by Babar, Guru Nanak

blessed Sultanpur Lodhi with his holy stay exceeding a dozen years. The spiritual foundation of

the modern religion called Sikhism was laid by Guru Nanak in Sultanpur Lodhi and now, after five

centuries, this town is a sacred center of Sikh pilgrimage. During the second half of the eighteenth

century, Nawab Jassa SinghAhluwalia of Kapurthala annexed Sultanpur Lodhi.After that several

Gurdwaras associated with the memory of Guru Nanak were built in this town.

Sultanpur Lodhi is surrounded by several small villages and Saidpur is one of these.

Situated on a dusty cart road, in ancient days Saidpur used to be a predominantly Muslim village

with a small sprinkling of Sanatan Dharam Hindu population. Later on most of the Hindu families

in and around Saidpur became the followers of Guru Nanak. And during the period of the Tenth

Master Sri Guru Gobind Singh and afterwards during the reign of the Ahluwalia Misl, most of the

Sikhs in the area grew unshorn hair and got baptized asAmritdhari Sikhs.

One ancestor of Bhai Jwala Singh and a follower of Guru Nanak learnt the original Sikh

religious music (Gurmat Sangeet) from the court of the Tenth Master Guru Gobind Singh from the

finest traditional “Rababi Kirtanias” of the time. Later on this meticulously trained Sikh religious

musician moved back to his native village Saidpur. Bhai Jawala Singh (or Bhai Jwala Singh) was

proud to be one of the descendents of the same blessed musician. Bhai Jwala Singh mastered

BHAI JWALA SINGH

The Icon Of Ancient Sikh Religious MusicHarjap Singh Aujla

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almost all the ancient Taals (played on Tabla and Pakhawaj) and more than five hundred tunes in

all the thirty one Raagas mentioned in the Sikh holy book, “Sri Guru Granth Sahib” and as learnt

by his ancestor from the accomplished Kirtanias present in the court of the Tenth Master Sri Guru

Gobind Singh ji. The Sikh religious music of ancient times was precisely composed in

Dhrupad/Dhamar style. The most commonly followed Taals (Rhythms) of those days were

Dhrupad, Dhamar, Panj Taal, Chaar Taal, Roopak, Jhap Taal, Deep Chandi, Chhotti Teen Taal,

Waddi Teental, Ek Taal (Yakka), Dadra, Kehrwa and several more. Some of these “Taals” are sadly

getting extinct now. In some musical compositions of those days, a number of Taals were used in

sequences while rendering the same “Shabad”. This unique style of music is called the “Partal

Format” and was very effective in conveying the message of the “Guru”. Knowledgeable

listeners, especially the professional singers, used to appreciate the intricacies of this unique

format. Unfortunately “Partal Format” of Gurmat Sangeet is fast becoming extinct these days.

Both big cities of the areaAmritsar and Lahore became the leading centres of evolving or

experimental music, which means that newer forms of classical music were being experimented

and evolved in these cities. Evolution of Khayal format of classical music, which is most popular

these days, was underway since the days of Guru Gobind Singh ji more than three centuries ago,

but it was not accepted in the historic Gurdwaras until the beginning of the twentieth century. At

present even the Sikh classical musicians render “Gurbani” in “Khyal Format”.

There were some places like Goindwal Sahib, Khadoor Sahib, Tarntaran, Kapurthala and

Sultanpur Lodhi, where “Khayal Gayaki” came into prominence after the 1947 division of Punjab,

when “Rababi” and other “Kirtanias” from Nankana Sahib and other Gurdwaras on both sides of

the Radcliffe Line spread their favourite form of “Khayal style” and “Thumri Style” of music in

East Punjab. While Bhai Jwala Singh's contemporaries based in the bigger centres of music like

Amritsar, Lahore and Nankana Sahib adopted “Khayal Gayaki” during the beginning of the

twentieth century, Bhai Jwala Singh stood his ground and never abandoned the ancient “Dhrupad”

style. He was so unique that some of the “Rababi” singers of Kapurthala, Goindwal Sahib,

Jalandhar and Tarntaran used to sit amongst the audience to listen to the renditions of “Gurbani”

when Bhai Jwala Singh was singing. Later on, after listening to him, the Rababi Kirtanias used to

personally express their appreciation of the unique nostalgic style of this icon of “Dhrupad

Shalley”. In real life Bhai Jwala Singh was a highly contented man. He never ventured after big

bucks and his diet was very simple like that in a typical “Guru Ka Langar”. He was a very strict

“Nit-nemi”. He could miss other things but not his “Nit-naim”.

Bhai Jawala Singh was born in 1872 in Saidpur or some nearby village in Sultanpur

Lodhi area. By the age of twelve, he had crammed up the five “Baanis” of “Nit-naim” and several

hundred “Shabads” contained in holy Sri Guru Granth Sahib. His first “Ustad” was his own father

Bhai Deva Singh, who taught him rendition of “Gurbani” in a number of original “Reets”

prevalent in “Gurmat Sangeet” of the times of the “Guru Darbars”. Later on his father sent Bhai

Jwala Singh for more specific coaching to learn the still more intricate points of “Gurmat Sangeet”

from another highly accomplished “Dhrupad style Kirtanya” Bhai Sardha Singh. His third

“Ustad” was a strict “Dhrupadia Trainer” Bhai Wasawa Singh (popularly known as Bhai Rangi

21 d;zpo 2011

Ram). Bhai Rangi Ram was a strict disciplinarian in the application of grammar of ancient music

and he mostly stayed in Tarntaran in Amritsar district. All three of his “Ustads” were adept in

rendition of the “Gurbani” in its pristine originality dating back to the times of the great “Gurus”.

By the age of twenty, Bhai Jawala Singh had become an accomplished “Kirtania”of the “Guru's”

word in the Guru's own “Shalley” of rendition. He fame spread far and wide and was in great

demand in all the villages and towns of the Princely State of Kapurthala and in the neighboring

British ruled districts ofAmritsar, Ferozepore, Hoshiarpur and Jalandhar.

In addition to culturing his vocal chords for “Dhrupad based Gurmat Sangeet”, Bhai

Jwala Singh became an accomplished drummer “Tabla Player”. He could play at least two popular

string instruments “Taus” and “Saranda”. Some times “Mridang” or “Pakhawaj” accompanied

Bhai Jwala Singh during his classical renditions. The old guards of “Dhrupad based Gurmat

Sangeet” were leaving this world one by one and there were no replacements in the pipeline. By

the 1920s Bhai Jawala Singh had been acknowledged as the finest “Dhrupadia Kirtania” alive of

the Sikh community. His peculiar rich, vibratory and voluminous voice had a distinct ringing male

sound, which made him stand apart amongst all his contemporaries. Some people believe that

when the Late Kundan Lal Saigal sang his most memorable numbers for film “Tansen”, he took

inspiration from the style of Bhai Jawala Singh. K.L. Saigal had in his younger years listened to the

“Shabad Kirtan” by Bhai Jwala Singh in Jalandhar or somewhere else in the area. The other great

maestros of the time like Dilip Chandra Vedi also listened to Bhai Jwala Singh.

As early as by 1890, Bhai Jawala Singh had come to be recognized as the leading

“Kirtania” in and around Sultanpur Lodhi. He became a regular performer of “Shabad Kirtan” at

Gurdwaras Sri Ber Sahib and Sri Hat Sahib within the town of Sultanpur Lodhi. His reputation

travelled to the palace of Maharaja Jagatjit Singh of Kapurthala and the Maharaja, a great lover of

all forms of fine arts, loved and admired Bhai Jawala Singh's style of rendition. Several times he

was especially invited to perform “Shabad Kirtan” at “Gurdwara Bawian” outside the Shalimar

Gardens of Kapurthala. Later on when the magnificent “State Gurdwara Sahib” was built during

nineteen thirties on the Sultanpur Road at Kapurthala, Bhai Jawala Singh was often invited to

perform “Asa Di Vaar” and evening “Chowkis” of “Shabad Kirtan” at the “State Gurdwara Sahib”

too. He never served the “Mahant” managers of the historic Gurdwaras or their successor the

“Shiromani Gurdwara Prababdhak Committee”, but he was often invited to perform “Gurpurb”

specials at the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Sri Darbar Sahib at Tarntaran and the other historic

Gurdwaras at Khadoor Sahib, Baba Bakala, Chheharta, Basarke Gillan and Goindwal Sahib. Bhai

Jwala Singh was very popular amongst the Sardars (Jagirdars) of Kapurthala and he was in great

demand in Patti, Sarhali, Khemkaran, Bhikhiwind, Ferozepore and Kasur. Sham Churasi is a small

village known for its traditions of classical music. At one time, during the nineteenth century, this

village had the distinction of producing some of the finest “Dhrupadia” singers of Punjab, but

when its most famous sons Nazaqat Ali Salamat Ali Khan came on the scene, they made a

complete departure from the past and decided to excel in “Khayal Gayaki” only, but the most

knowledgeable old-timers in the village always loved to listen to the “Dhrupads” and “Dhamars”

of Bhai Jwala Singh, whenever he visited their village in Hoshiarpur district.

d;zpo 201122

Even iconic “Kirtanias” of his time like Bhai Mehar, Bhai Lal Senior, Bhai Chand and

Bhai Santa Singh, all “Hazoori Ragis” of the Golden Temple inAmritsar held Bhai Jwala Singh in

a very high esteem and they listened to his renditions with utmost respect and reverence.

When Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala came to know about the unique knowledge

of ancient music and other qualities of Bhai Jawala Singh, he decided to use his services to teach

“Dhrupad Format” of classical music to the selected musicians of his “Patiala Gharana” of

classical music. The “Patiala Gharana of Music” had earned a lot of name and fame in India, but it

was precisely a “Khayal” centric “Gharana” with “Thumri” and “Dadra” as the semi-classical

side-kicks introduced by Bade Ghulam Ali Khan. The Maharaja wanted one of his “Gharana's”

finest musicians Mahant Gajja Singh to learn vocal “Dhrupad Sangeet” as well as playing of two

string instruments “Taus” and “Saranda” from Bhai Jawala Singh. Like a highly motivated

student, in addition to mastering the two string instruments, Mahant Gajja Singh learnt the subtle

intricacies of “Dhrupad” style of classical singing also from Bhai Jawala Singh. On learning about

the new achievements of Mahant Gajja Singh, Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala became very

happy.As a token of gratitude, the Maharaja showered expensive gifts on Mahant Gajja Singh. By

nature Bhai Jwala Singh was a shy and non political person. But at one time, the prevailing

unfavorable working conditions for the performers of “Gurmat Sangeet” compelled Bhai Jawala

Singh to form a union of the Kirtanias. Being a freelancer “Kirtania” himself, Bhai Jwala Singh

fought like a soldier for their rights of his fellow “Gurmat Sangeet” professionals and succeeded in

winning a number of concessions from the SGPC. Even the “Kirtanias” serving the numerous

Singh Sabhas in the Punjab, the Princely State of Kashmir and North West Frontier Province also

benefited from the concessions negotiated by Bhai Jwala Singh.

Just like his predecessors, Bhai Jawala Singh also found it appropriate to teach all that he

had learnt from his illustrious father and other famous “Ustads” to his young sons Bhai Gurcharan

Singh and Bhai Avtar Singh. Both brothers leant virtually all five hundred “Gurmat Sangeet

Reets” from their famous father. Bhai Jwala Singh's “Raagi Jatha” was not confined to just three

musicians. Some- times he had a chorus group of eight to ten musicians performing “Shabad

Kirtan”. Many times he had one “Taus” and two “Sarandas” as accompaniments. The effect of

“Gurmat Sangeet Chorus” of Bhai Jwala Singh and his party was simply mesmerizing. Both his

sons were with their father's group from 1930s onwards. Bhai Jwala Singh switched to

Harmonium as his main musical instrument around the time of World War First, between 1914 and

1919. Most of his contemporaries had also adopted Harmonium around that time.

Bhai Jawala Singh had a unique style of all night “Rain Sabhai Kirtan” singing. On

several occasions, his large group of musicians will start the rendition of complete “Kirtan of

Sukhmani Sahib” around 8:00pm and the singing will keep on till about 5:00am in the following

morning. This special “Chowki” of “Shabad Kirtan” was called “Sukhmana”. The rendition will

start with the “Raagas” appropriate for the “First Pehar of the night” and go on to the “Raagas” of

the “Second Pehar” and will continue on to the “Raagas” of the third and the fourth “Pehars”. The

“Pehar” consists of three hours and the names and the nature of renditions of the “Ragas” changes

after each “Pehar”. Bhai Jwala Singh always strictly adhered to the proper timings of the

d;zpo 201123

“Raagas”. During non-stop renditions of “Sukhmana”, the lead singer as well as the others could

briefly leave the “Chowki” for partaking food and doing other necessary things and the rest of the

party will take over. Time wise this was a very lengthy and difficult undertaking, but the “Ragis” of

those days were quite proficient in completing the entire “Sukhmani Sahib” lasting several hours

without interruption. These days, I don't think if any musician can perform complete “Sukhmana”,

like Bhai Jwala Singh. His sons, Bhai Gurcharan Singh and Bhai Avtar Singh told me that in their

younger years, even they used to render complete “Sukhmana” in one night long sitting. But in

their old age, they were obviously incapable of performing it.

We have extensively heard “Shabad Kirtan” rendered by Bhai Avtar Singh and Bhai

Gurcharan Singh. They were both very good. Bhai Gurcharan Singh is too old now, in his nineties

and Bhai Avtar Singh has left for his heavenly abode. Those like my father Late Sardar Sochet

Singh, who have heard Bhai Jwala Singh claim that his voice was unique and better than that of his

sons. But in the absence of any recordings, we don't know as to how great Bhai Jwala Singh was.

It is a pity that there are no recordings of Bhai Jwala Singh. I asked my father as to why

“Shabad Kirtan” rendered by Bhai Jwala Singh was never recorded. He told me that “Genophone

Recording Company” owned by Janki Nath Kumar and brothers was active in Lahore since early

1930s and the “His Master's Voice” opened its doors in Lahore in 1941. For Bhai Jwala Singh, who

was based at Sultanpur Lodhi, it was a four hour journey by rail or road to Lahore and the timings

of the trains and buses were unsuitable. There was one hourly bus service between Sultanpur

Lodhi and Kapurthala and one and a half hourly service between Kapurthala and Amritsar. The

trains were even fewer and were running at inconvinient times. Most probably inadequate

connectivity between Sultanpur Lodhi and Lahore was responsible for his not recording his

renditions. TheAll India Radio in Lahore opened in 1937, it had the facility of transcription service

on twelve inch diameter seventy eight revolutions per minute records, but Bhai Jwala Singh

somehow never expressed his desire to perform at the Lahore radio station.

After the division of Punjab in 1947, the first pair of radio station in East Punjab opened

in 1948. The Jalandhar studio of All India Radio was less than thirty miles from Sultanpur Lodhi

and the connectivity by train and road was also better, but by that time Bhai Jwala Singh had grown

very old and his health was also not too good, so he allowed his sons to explore the avenue of

singing for the radio, but he himself stayed away from the radio too.

Around 1948, when All India Radio Jalandhar Amritsar opened, the two brothers Bhai

Avtar Singh and Gurcharan Singh applied for audition at the new radio station. It was no surprise

that both were approved.Around that time Bhai Jawala Singh started encouraging his sons to form

their own independent “Kirtan Jatha”. Old age was catching up with Bhai Jwala Singh.

Approximately at the age of eighty Bhai Jawala Singh left for his heavenly abode, but his sons and

now one of his grandsons Bhai Kultar Singh are carrying out his traditions in letter and spirit.

harjapaujla@gmail.com

d;zpo 201124

;[o fbgh;[o fbgh

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nto'j ^ ; B[ X g, B[ X g, w r, X g, w r o, g w r o r o ;.

w[Zy nzr ^ r w r o, r w B[ X g, g w r, w r, o r o, ;.

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ú ó % ò

ù ñú ññ ñò ñó ñô ñõ ñö ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø

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r[ o[ ;[z do[ w' j B[ gk fJ e o/

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ú ó % ò

ù ñú ññ ñò ñó ñô ñõ ñö ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø

r w g X Bh X Bh Bh ;A ^ ;A ^ o/A Bh ;A ;A

w/ o? fjo d/ ;[ fX p[ fX ft ; o r Jh

;A B[h X g XBh ;B[h X g w r g w r o/ ; ;

w B nk ;k fuz s ft ;k fo nk

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d;zpo 201125

AMg 776sUhI mhlw 4 Gru 5

guru suMdru mohnu pwie kry hir pRym bwxI mnu mwirAw ]

myrY ihrdY suiD buiD ivsir geI mn Awsw icMq ivswirAw ]

mY AMqir vydn pRym kI gur dyKq mnu swDwirAw ]

vfBwgI pRB Awie imlu jnu nwnku iKnu iKnu vwirAw ]4]1]5]

Finding the beautiful and fascinating Guru, I have conquered my mind, through the

Bani, the Word of my Beloved Lord.

My heart has forgotten its common sense and wisdom; my mind has forgotten its hopes

and cares.

Deep within my self, I feel the pains of divine love. Beholding the Guru, my mind is

comforted and consoled.

Awaken my good destiny, O God - please, come and meet me! Each and every instant,

servant Nanak is a sacrifice to You. ||4||1||5||

M{m dk wkor brdk ;"yk, ;u dk wkro n"yk.nzso nksw/ Mks e/ t/y', fJj wk:kth X'yk.

;u j? op dk d{ik Bkw M{m Bkw P?skB;u sK j? ukBD dk ;'wk, M{m jB/ok x'o nfrnkB.

M{m dh BhAt s/ ubdk ihtB, pkjo'A fbPe/ nzdo'A o/s.;u dk fJe jh tk^to'bk, gb ftu Ykj ikJ/, eo ikJ/ y/s.

wB;k, tkuk, eowk ;u, ;u B{z bJhJ/ fJzR ;zi'neo b? ‘;toB* j[D e{V s'A s'pk, T[m nfvr yb'n.

;toB f;zx GkNhnk

;kpek uhc efwPBo, fJBew^N?e;, uzvhrVQI.R.S. (Retd.)

;Zu dk wkor;Zu dk wkor

d;zpo 201126

* Every little smile can touch somebody's heart. No One is born happy but all of us are

born with the ability to create happiness.

* Dalai Lama says when you talk, you are only repeating what you already know...But

when u listen, u may learn something new.

* Lock is always bigger than key...Problems are like lock and solutions are like Key.

Don't focus on problems just find the key.

* A true and caring relation does not require large talk. A soft massage is enough

because its not the mouth that speaks...its the heart that feels.

* Don't tell God that u have a Big problem. Tell your problem that you have a Big God.

* Relationship should have the determination like sandalwood, which never looses its

fragrance even if it is broken into thousand pieces.

POSITIVE THINKING

With best compliments from a wellwisher

fJj ;hH vhH w[cs gqkgs eoB bJh nkgDk gsk ns/ w'pkfJb Bzpon?;H n?ZwH n?;H, JhH w/b iK vke okjhA G/iD dh y/ub eo' ih.

fJj ;hH vhH w[cs gqkgs eoB bJh nkgDk gsk ns/ w'pkfJb Bzpon?;H n?ZwH n?;H, JhH w/b iK vke okjhA G/iD dh y/ub eo' ih.

nzfwqs ehosB# 422, ;?eNo 15^J/, uzvhrVQ^160 015

w'pkfJb L 09814053630E-mail : drjagirsingh@gmail.com Website : www.amritkirtan.com

nzfwqs ehosB# 422, ;?eNo 15^J/, uzvhrVQ^160 015

w'pkfJb L 09814053630

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DR. JAGIR SINGH# 422, Sector 15-A, Chandigarh

Ph : 0172-2772660, 098140 53630

e-mail : drjagirsingh@gmail.comwww.amritkirtan.com

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