7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

1/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Ritdreabkckhah ac aodpkd hi cds icijietds odestruotkvds hi cas gaomahas

RI_YJIE

Ic siotdr hi ca ihkfioaoke is rispdesabci hkriotd hi ca prdbcijtkoajihkdajbkietac qui vkvkjds mdy ie ha, trahuokhd ie okgras a isoaca juehkac ci

odrrispdehi0 ic 7>! hi ca ixtraooke hi jatirkacis hi ca cktdsgira, ietri caodestruooke y ic usd hi cds ihkfiokds si fieirae ic 9>!hi cas ijkskdeis hi OD2, caieirfa prkjarka odesujkha pdr cds ihkfiokds is hic 8>!tdtac hic pcaeita y hic 69!hi ca iciotrkokhah odesujkha. Ahijs huraeti ic usd hi ihkfiokds si odesuji ic2>!hi afua hucoi y ic 7>!hi cds riskhuds sckhds ie cds ihkfiokds si prdhuoie ieca gasi hi odestruooke y hisodestruooke. Cds siris mujaeds y su hijaehakejdbkckarka hisjisuraha, jaroaha pdr ic ekvic hi vkha aotuac, mae actirahd cdsprdoisds eaturacis hi ca bkdsgira, aoiciraehd ic aujietd hi ietrdpa hic jihkdajbkieti. Isti miomd si ma prdhuokhd pdr ue pir`uhkokac jdhicd hi hksid hiihkfiokds hi okocd hi vkha ckeiac hispriokaehd acfueas hi sus itapas. Aotuacjieti siparti hic okocd hi vkha oockod odjd prijksa isieokac para hksiar sdstiekbcijieticds ihkfiokds, haehd ricivaeoka a tdhas cas itapas pdr kfuac0 hishi ca ixtraooke hi ca

jatirka hicfaha masta js acc hi ca itapa hi hisodestruooke y/d hijdckoke.

^uis bkie, ie ic prisieti artoucd si ma ouaetkfioahd ic kjpaotd hi odestruooke hiokeod tkpdcdfas hi gaomahas hi vkvkiehas ixkstietis ie Baroicdea y si ma aeackzahdca vkabkckhah hi rifrisd ac aodpkd hi sus icijietds odestruotkvds uea viz ca itapa hihisodestruooke y/d hijdckoke ma fieackzahd. Ic prdoisd hi aeckskshisodestruotkvd hi cas gaomahas si ma ouaetkfioahd a partkr hic odifiokieti hiritdred ac aodpkd. Hifiekiehd ouatrd vacdris eujrkods sife ic frahd hihisjdeta`i qui prisieta oaha skstija odestruotkvd, hkgirieokaehd ietri aquiccdsqui sde istiridtjkods hi cds tiotekods. Ic artoucd is uea ixtieske hic ^GO0 IcOdsti hi cas ijkskdeis hi OD2 ie ca odestruooke hi cas vkvkiehas y su pdehiraoke ode icodifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd !Havkh ^ukf, 2>1?" tutdrkzahd pdr cds prdgisdrisAetdek Oabaccird y Drkdc ^arks hi ca Yekvirsktat ^dcktoekoa hi Oatacueya.

1

^acabras ocavis

Hisarrdccd sdstiekbci0oajkeds hi prdfrisdccivahds a oabd parasatksgaoir cas eioiskhahisaotuacis hi euistrasdokihah ske

odjprdjitir cdsrioursds hi casfieiraokdeis guturas,para faraetkzar iciqukckbrkd ietrioriokjkietd iodejkod,ic bkieistar sdokac y hicjihkd ajbkieti.

Okocd hi vkha0trjkedoriahd pdr ivacuahdrisajbkietacis paraouaetkgkoar ic kjpaotd

ajbkietac hi ue jatirkacd icijietd hishi qui siixtrai hi ca eaturacizamasta qui si hivuicvi acajbkieti odjd riskhud.Ie isti prdoisd siodesujie rioursdseaturacis y si ijktieijkskdeis, hdehi icprkeokpkd bskod hi istamirrajkieta is cakhietkgkoaoke yhisorkpoke hi tdhas casitapas hic okocd hi vkha,hishi ca ixtraooke y pri"tratajkietd hi casjatirkas prkjas, caprdhuooke, cahkstrkbuoke y usd hicprdhuotd gkeac masta supdskbci riutkckzaoke,riokoca`i d riskhud. Icistuhkd qui aeackza cdsokocds hi vkha si cdhiedjkea aecksks hicOkocd hi Wkha #AOW$dCkgi Oyoci Assissjiet

#COA$

ODIGKOKIEXI HI RIXDRED AC AOD^KD

_K_XIJA_ | ICIJIEXD_ | JAXIRKACI_

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

2/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

1"Ca sdstiekbkckhah ie ca ihkfioaoke

Ca sdstiekbkckhah is ue odeoiptd iodejkod, sdokac y iodcfkod qui aota ie tdreda cas ricaokdeis ietri cas sdokihahis y ic jihkd ajbkieti< su apckoaokeuekhkriookdeac ie ca praotkoa hic siotdr hi ca ihkfioaoke parioi pdr amdra kevkabci.

Brkae Ihwarhs jieokdea ie su ckbrd Fua bskoa hi ca sdstiekbkckhah odjd caihkfioaoke tdja odeokieoka hi cas prkdrkhahis jihkdajbkietacis ie ic siotdr maokaca hoaha hi cds sitieta hibkhd a ca isoasiz hi ieirfa. A partkr hi ietdeois casprkdrkhahis a cd carfd hi cds ads mae aodetiokhd ie odestaeti ivdcuoke, ie cahoaha hi cds domieta ca prkdrkhah gui odjbatkr ac oacietajkietd fcdbac y cahistruooke hi oapa hi dzded apariokiehd ic odeoiptd hi hisarrdccd sdstiekbci. Ieca hoaha hi cds edvieta si aahie cas prkdrkhahis hi ca hkstrkbuoke y oackhah hirioursds mhrkods, prdtiooke hi cds bdsquis trdpkoacis y hi ca bkdhkvirskhah.Gkeacjieti a partkr hic ad 2>>> si ijpkiza a har kjpdrtaeoka a ca sacuh hi casokuhahis, ic hisarrdccd y odestruooke sdstiekbci, hdehi huraehd ca ctkja hoahaic odeoiptd hi sdstiekbkckhah ie ca odestruooke ma pasahd hi tieir oura hi cahieskhah urbaea, ca prdguehkhah ie pcaeta hi cds ihkfiokds y ic amdrrd ieirftkod

maoka uea ihkfioaoke qui pdskbkckti ca riutkckzaoke y riokoca`i, puhkehdsirioupirar su ieirfa keodrpdraha. !Brkae Ihwarhs, 2>>9"

Ca odestaeti ivdcuoke hi prkdrkhahis jihkdajbkietacis `uetd ode ue odeoiptd hisdstiekbkckhah grfkc pdr su odestaeti oajbkd, oariokhd hi hkriotrkois riodedokhasketireaokdeacjieti qui pirjktae hkgirieokar aquiccd qui si puihi d ed si puihiodeskhirar odjd sdstiekbci, mae oriahd keoirtkhujbri y odeguske ie ic siotdr,puistd qui aquiccd qui gui prijkahd odjd sdstiekbci ie ic pasahd pdskbcijietied cd sia ie ca aotuackhah. Hishi ca aparkoke hic aecksks hi okocd hi vkha #AOW$sima asietahd pird ue puetd hi partkha kehkspiesabci ie ic odrriotd hisarrdccdsdstiekbci hi cds ihkfiokds. Ic AOW ma pirjktkhd0

Ca ketrdhuooke hi ca hurabkckhah ie ca iouaoke, tiekiehd ie ouieta cds hkgirietis

kjpaotds y okocds hi riokoca`i sife uea pirspiotkva fcdbac

Aeackzar ic kjpaotd ieirftkod, iodcfkod y jihkdajbkietac hishi ic puetd hivksta hic bieifiokd sdokac y iodejkod

Odestktuyi uea mirrajkieta ketifrac qui tkiehi a ca ketirodeixke ietri prdyiotd,ca gabrkoaoke, ca odestruooke, ic jaetiekjkietd y ca hisodestruooke.

A partkr hic aecksks hi okocd hi vkha si aeackzae cds kjpaotds jihkdajbkietacis hioaha itapa hic okocd hi vkha hic ihkfiokd, hifiekiehd kehkoahdris odjd ca oaetkhahhi ieirfa odesujkha, cds Lf hi OD2 ijktkhds a ca atjsgira, ic vdcujie hi afuaodesujkhd, ca tdxkokhah ac jihkd ajbkieti, ito.

2

^acabras ocavis

Ieirfka keodrpdraha!ijbdhkih ieirfy"0 isic odetiekhd hi ieirfahi ue ihkgkokd, hdehi

puihi sir higkekhd odjdca ieirfa tdtac eioisarkaie ca oriaoke hi ueihkgkokd, keocuyiehd caieirfa hkriota utkckzahaie ic prdoisd hiodestruooke y jdeta`i,y ca ieirfa kehkriota quisi riqukiri para cagabrkoaoke hi cdsjatirkacis y cdsodjpdeietis hicihkgkokd. Ista ieirfa

kehkriota keocukr tdha caieirfa eioisarka a partkrhi ca ixtraooke hi cajatirka prkjira, pasaehdpdr ic prdoisajkietd y caprdhuooke, keocuyiehdtajbke tdha ca ieirfautkckzaha ie ic traespdrtihuraeti isti prdoisd ycas partis pirtkeietis hica ieirfa keodrpdraha aca kegraistruotura hi casgbrkoas y ca jaqukearkahi gabrkoaoke,

odestruooke ytraespdrti.

Igkokieoka0is caoapaokhah hi odesifukrue igiotd ie ouistkeode ic jekjd hirioursds pdskbcis vkabcis,maoir js ode jieds,utkckzaehd hi ca ji`drjaeira pdskbci cdsgaotdris ie ca prdhuookehi bkieis d sirvkokds.

Apckoahd ac jihkdajbkieti sir igkokietitkiehi a odesujkr yprdhuokr jieds, pdr cava hi ca jkekjkzaoke, carieueoka, ca rihuooke yic saorkgkokd.

Ifioaoka0 is ca oapaokhahhi odesifukr ue igiotd,hisiahd ispirahd daemicahd.

Gkf.1Kjpaotd hi ijkskdeis hi OD2 ie ic okocd hi vkha hi ue ihkfiokd riskhieokac, icabdrahd pdr Acbirt Ouom

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

3/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Maoka 2>>;, fraokas ac aecksks hi okocd hi vkha, si dbsirv odjd a cd carfd hi cavkha tkc hi ue ihkfiokd #9> ads jekjd$ca itapa dpiraokdeac d gueokdeac hi usd isrispdesabci hic 78! hic tdtac hic odsti ieirftkod y ijkskdeis hi OD2 a caatjsgira, odjd si puihi dbsirvar ie ca frfioa aetirkdr. ^ara rihuokr isti 78!sivdcvk prkdrktarkd ji`drar ca ifiokieoka ieirftkoa hi ue ihkfiokd ode ca ayuha hi cdsoirtkfioahds ieirftkods, aeackzaehd cas oausas hi prhkha hi tijpiratura qui

prdvdoae ue actd odsti ieirftkod, odjd ca gacta hi ue odrriotd akscajkietd ie icievdcvieti hic ihkfiokd, ixkstieoka hi puietis trjkods, gacta hi istaequikhah hi casoarpketiras, kestacaokdeis pdod ifiokietis,ito. Ie ihkfiokds hi dbra euiva odjdjieokdea Lie [iaef ie su ckbrd Ic rasoaokicd iodcfkod, si puihi rihuokr js istipdroieta`i haehd jaydr kjpdrtaeoka ac hksid paskvd, pdrqui huraeti sugueokdeajkietd si puiha aprdviomar ic jxkjd ca ieirfa sdcar odjd ic jihkdeaturac0 ca cuz sdcar, ca vietkcaoke eaturac... hksjkeuyiehd as cds odesujds hiieirfa huraeti su vkha tkc.

Ic ?9"?7!ristaeti hic odesujd ieirftkod ie ic okocd hi vkha hi ue ihkfiokd sihibi a cas itapas hi ixtraooke y traesgdrjaoke hi ca jatirka prkja ie icijietdodestruotkvd, ca itapa hi odestruooke y hisodestruooke d hijdckoke odjd si mapdhkhd dbsirvar ie ca fifura 1. A pisar hi sir ue pdroieta`i ba`d ie su ode`uetd is

ic rispdesabci hkriotd hi prdbcijas jihkdajbkietacis fravis odjd0 ca histruookehi iodskstijas hi ca cktdsgira, ca hisaparkoke hi rioursds ed riedvabcis, caodetajkeaoke hi ca bkdsgira y ca atjsgira pdr aoujucaoke hi riskhuds ske tratard jac fistkdeahds pdr jihkd hi ca keokeiraoke.

Aeti ista prdbcijtkoa y ode ca ayuha hi AOW ca jietackhah prdhuotkva ie caihkfioaoke hi ca ouea a ca tujba ist ijpizaehd a oajbkar maoka uea jietackhahjuomd js prdspira ojd is hi ca ouea a ca ouea. Ca jaydra hi ihkfiokdsprdyiotahds ac skfcd ]] guirde hishi ca vkske hi okocd hi vkha ckeiac y abkirtd,hispridoupaha hi ca fistke hi riskhuds ac fieac hi ca vkha hi cds ihkfiokds y hi cackjktaoke hi rioursds ed riedvabcis, ie ic skfcd ]]K si ma pasahd a odeskhirar icokocd hi vkha oockod y oirrahd hi cds ihkfiokds odjd ekoa va rispitudsa ode ic

jihkd ajbkieti. Mdy ie ha ic okirri hic okocd hi vkha hi cds jatirkacis, icijietdsy skstijas odestrukhds ma aodetiokhd uea eioiskhah. Cds riskhuds fieirahds ie caitapa hi odestruooke y hijdckoke ijpkizae a hi`ar hi sir odeskhirahds odjdhisiomd y si pasae a tieir ie ouieta odjd rioursds, eutrkietis d ackjietd pdrguturds jatirkacis, oirraehd sus okocds a travs hi ca riutkckzaoke y/d riokoca`i.

?

^acabras ocavis

Hisodestruooke0 is ue

prdoisd hi hisjdeta`i

frahuac y siciotkvd, ie ic

ouac may qui ijpciar varkds

jtdhds y toekoas higdrja oddrhkeaha y

odjpcijietarka,

prdjdvkiehd ca

rioupiraoke y ca

dbtieoke hic jxkjd

aprdviomajkietd hi cds

jatirkacis y hi cds

icijietds hi ca ihkgkoaoke

qui si hirrdoae.

Wkha tkc0is ca huraoke

istkjaha qui ue db`itd,jatirkac d icijietd

odestruotkvd puihi tieir

oujpckiehd odrriotajieti

ode ca gueoke pdr ca ouac ma

skhd oriahd.

ROH0Riskhuds hiodestruooke y hijdckoke

^rdyiotd iodcfkod0 si

basa ie ue pcaetiajkietd

skeptkod hic usd hi

jatirkacis y ca ieirfa pdr

parti hic jihkd ihkfioahd y

sus usuarkds, y ie ca fistke

y odetrdc hi cds ktkeirarkds

sifukhds pdr oaha ued hi

cds jatirkacis d icijietds

hi cds skstijas

odestruotkvds prdyiotahds,ed scd ic odetixtd hi su

vkha iodejkoa, sked ie ic

odetixtd iodcfkod js

ajpckd hi su vkha gskoa, is

hiokr, ca qui abaroa hishi ca

guieti masta ca

riaskjkcaoke pdr parti hic

iodskstija.

Gkf.2.Riprisietaoke hi cas

prhkhas hi oacdr a travs hi cdsicijietds odestruotkvds ie uevkvkieha tkpd, icabdrahd pdrBrkae Ihwarhs

Gkf.? Jdhicds hi okocds hi

vkha,Riutkckzaoke y riokoca`i hi

cds riskhuds hic siotdr hi ca

odestruookehi Acbirt Ouom

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

4/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Oatarkea Xmdrjarl ie su artoucdRioyockef ^dtietkac aeh Hiskfe gdr Hksassijbcy Bukchkefs, afirja qui, a pisar hi quica ieirfa eioisarka para ic gueokdeajkietd hi ue ihkfiokd is ca qui js rioursds odesuji huraeti tdhd ic okocdhi vkha hi ue ihkfiokd, ie cds ihkfiokds hi ba`d odesujd hi ieirfa, su prdhuooke y su traespdrti hi cdsjatirkacis is rispdesabci hi ue 9> a ue 7>!hic tdtac hi ca ieirfa utkckzaha para tdhd ic ihkfiokd huraeti 9> adshi vkha hi sirvkokd. Ca autdra aahi qui aotuaehd scd ie uea parti hi ca vkha tkc hic ihkfiokd ed si faraetkza quisi puiha odeskhirar odjd rispitudsd ode ic jihkd ajbkieti. Ahijs, a jihkha qui si rihuoi ic pdroieta`i hi

ca ieirfa dpiraokdeac #78!$, aujieta ic pdroieta`i hi ca ieirfa eioisarka para traesgdrjar cas jatirkasprkjiras ie jatirkacis hi odestruooke, auequi ca ieirfa tdtac hic skstija sia jiedr. Xmdrjarl prdjuivi caeioiskhah hi jioaeksjds a gavdr hic okirri hic okocd hi cds jatirkacis, odjd ca riutkckzaoke y ic riokoca`i.

^mkckp Ordwtmir rijaroa ahijs ie su artoucdHksassijbcy td riodvirih ijbdhkih ieirfyojd istajds histkeaehdfraehis oaetkhahis hi ieirfa ie oaha itapa hic okocd hi ue ihkfiokd, uea ieirfa keodrpdraha qui si pdhrarioupirar ie frae jihkha ode uea pdstirkdr riutkckzaoke hi sus icijietds odestruotkvds y ie jiedr frahd odeic riokoca`i.

Ie ca ihkfioaoke sdstiekbci si mae oriahd irreias oriieokas odjd qui skijpri is js rispitudsd y ji`dr paraic jihkd ajbkieti ca iciooke y usd hi jatirkacis ode ba`a ieirfa keodrpdraha y ijkskdeis hi OD2 rispiti dtrdsjatirkacis hi jaydr kjpaotd. Istas oriieokas vkieie pdr ca odjparaoke hi cds kehkoahdris #Lwm/j2 d Lf OD2/j2$ sife ca uekhah hi jasa d hi vdcujie ie cufar hi su uekhah gueokdeac qui is ca jaeira odrriota hiodjparar hkgirietis jatirkacis. #Lie [iaef, 2>>9$ Ahijs juomds prdyiotkstas vksuackzae ca ihkfioaokesdstiekbci a odrtd pcazd ouaehd ca prkdrkhah tkiei qui sir aetkokparsi a cas odesiouieokas qui si puihae prdhuokra carfd pcazd. Ca ji`dr iciooke sdstiekbci a odrtd pcazd puihi tieir pidris odesiouieokas jihkdajbkietacis ieue guturd qui dtras dpokdeis. ^dr cd taetd skijpri is kehkspiesabci y prkdrktarkd aeackzar y odjparar0 cahurabkckhah hi cds icijietds odestruotkvds qui ed tkiei pdr qu sir ca jksja qui ca hi cds jatirkacis utkckzahds,ca vkabkckhah hi riokoca`i hi cds jatirkacis utkckzahds, ca jaekdbrabkckhah y riskstieoka hi cds jatirkacis para sirtraba`ahds ode hksids hisodestrubcis para su pdstirkdr riutkckzaoke< hi`aehd hi cahd ca skjpci odjparatkva hicds kehkoahdris ie ca gasi hi odestruooke hic ihkfiokd.

Ic pioahd ie ca ketifraoke hi ca sdstiekbkckhah ie ca ihkfioaoke ma skhd oietrarsi a sir js ifiokietis ie cufar hisir js igiotkvds odjd jieokdeae Jkomaic Brauefart y Vkcckaj JoHdedufm ie su ckbrd Orahci td Orahci !hi caouea a ca ouea"hdehi cd hifieie y hkgirieokae juy bkie ie ic Oaptucd 20 Ciss bah ks ed fddh #cd jieds jacd edis buied$. Ca iod"ifiokieoka para iccds is ue odeoiptd aparietijieti ahjkrabci, keocusd edtabci, pird ed ueaistratifka hi xktd a carfd pcazd, pdrqui ed busoa sdcuokdear hishi cas raois cds prdbcijas. Dpira hishi hietrdhic jksjd skstija qui oausa ic prdbcija ie su drkfie y jirajieti ritrasa ode prikesorkpokdeis jdracis yjihkhas odiroktkvas cds prdbcijas. Odefiar ode ca iod"ifiokieoka para sacvar ic jihkd ajbkieti supdehrfieacjieti tdhd ic odetrarkd, istd sk hi gdrja cieta y doucta. ^uihi sir hi utkckhah sk si odeskhira odjd ueaistratifka hi traeskoke qui ayuhi a cds skstijas aotuacis a odesifukr ue oajbkd maoka ic iod"igiotkvkhah. Hdehi

cds autdris odeocuyie qui ketietar scd maoir jieds had, rihuokiehd, jkekjkzaehd... is ue db`itkvd ckjktahdhistkeahd a ca gatackhah, is ue irrdr hi kjafkeaoke.

8

Gkf.8.Ietrahas hi ieirfa ieoaha itapa hic okocd hi vkha hiue ihkfiokd icabdraha pir ^mkckpOrdwtmir

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

5/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Ic oajpd hic riokoca`i ed is igiotkvd ie frae parti pdr oausa hi uea jaca fistke hi cds ROH hkfiouctaha pdr ueakeodrriota siparaoke siciotkva hi cds jatirkacis ie ca hijdckoke hi cds ihkfiokds y pdr ic sdbri ixoisd hiriskhuds hkgokcis hi tratar. Ca jaydra a viois si tkiehi a hirrdoar pdr jihkd hi ouacqukir tkpd hi hijdckokejieds pdr ca hisodestruooke, pdr ic miomd hi ivktar keorijietar cds odstis iodejkods hi hijdckoke< actdsodstis hibkhds a ue hksid hi ihkfiokd rfkhd qui ed ma odetijpcahd ca hisjdetabkckhah hi sus icijietdsodestruotkvds. Ahijs para cdfrar ca iod"igiotkvkhah ie ca itapa hi hisodestruooke pirjktkiehd dbtieir actds

pdroieta`is hi riutkckzaoke y riokoca`i hi sus icijietds scd is pdskbci sk si pcaetia ie ca gasi hi prdyiotd,piesaehd ode cas uekdeis odestruotkvas.

Ca iod"igiotkvkhah ie ca ihkfioaoke is ue ripcaetiajkietd odjpci`d y eioisarkd hdehi si ijpkiza a tieir ieouieta aotuacjieti a ca mdra hi prdyiotar ue ihkfiokd sdstiekbci tiekiehd prisieti0 ic usd ifioaz hi cds jatirkacishi odestruooke, ca hurabkckhah hi cds skstijas odestruotkvds, ca rihuooke hi cds riskhuds, ca pdstirkdr riparaokey jaetiekjkietd, rifieiraoke, ri"ketrdhuooke ie ic jihkd eaturac, riutkckzaoke y riokoca`i hi cds icijietds yjatirkacis odestruotkvds. Ae as ixksti ue iedrji ti`khd urbaed ihkfioahd ie ic pasahd qui ed odetijpcardetacis prkdrkhahis y may qui odeskhirar y aotuar pdrqui oausie ic jiedr kjpaotd pdskbci ie ic jihkd ajbkieti.Ie ic prisieti artoucd si odeskhira qui ca itapa ocavi para hksjkeukr tac kjpaotd is ca hi isodjbrd, hdehi icekod tkpd hi hijdckoke iodcfkoa is ca hisodestruooke. Ca fieackhah hic artoucd ma skhd aeackzar caritdreabkckhah hi cds icijietds odestruotkvds hi okeod gaomahas hi vkvkiehas ixkstietis hi Baroicdea ac aodpkd

hi ca dbra, hifiekiehd ic odeoiptd hi odifiokieti hi ritdred para har uea pirspiotkva hic pdtieokac hirihuooke qui si puihi ccivar a oabd sdbri ic kjpaotd hi odestruooke hi cds ihkfiokds.

2"Ca Hisodestruooke y ic odifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd

Ca hisodestruooke surfi uea viz aparioie cas ixkfieokas rispiotd ac jihkd ajbkieti apckoahas ie ic jbktd hica odestruooke, prdjdvkiehd ca rioupiraoke y ca dbtieoke hic jxkjd aprdviomajkietd hi cds jatirkacis y hicds icijietds hi ca ihkfioaoke qui si hirrdoae, hi gdrja qui si puihae vdcvir a keodrpdrar a cas ihkfioaokdeispdr jihkd hi prdoisds hi riokoca`i d hi riutkckzaoke.

^mkckp Ordwtmir ie su artoucd Hiskfe gdr hkssassijbcy#tmijis aeh prkeokpcis !2>>9" ieujira cds bieifiokdsjihkdajbkietacis hi hisodestruooke rispiotd a cds dtrds tkpds hi hijdckokdeis. Ouacqukir dtrd prdoisd hihijdckoke ed pirjkti ca siparaoke siciotkva hi jatirkacis, ca ouac hkfioucta ic pdstirkdr riokoca`i hi cds riskhuds,

aoabaehd ca jaydra hi cds ROH ie virtihirds. Ie oajbkd ca hisodestruooke pirjkti0

Yea rihuooke ie ca ieirfa para gabrkoar y traesgdrjar euivds jatirkacis hi odestruooke

Yea rihuooke ie ic afdtajkietd hi rioursds eaturacis

Yea rihuooke hi vdcujie hi riskhuds histkeahds a virtihirds y a ca keokeiraoke

Yea rihuooke hi ca pdcuoke ac jihkd ajbkieti ac acarfar ca vkha tkc hi cds icijietds odestruotkvdsrihuokiehd ic kjpaotd hi ca ieirfa keodrpdraha #ijbdhkih ieirfy$

Xdhd y cds bieifiokds jihkdajbkietacis skijpri si ma hisoartahd ic prdoisd hi hisodestrukr maoka dtrds tkpds hi

hijdckoke pdr piesar qui ira ca dpoke jdeitarkajiet js odstdsa. Xac afirjaoke pird ca hisjketkirdeBrahciy Fuy y _iae JoCiehde ie su artoucdBukchkef Hiodestruotkde0 riusi aeh rioyockef dg bukchkef jatirkacis !2>>>"ie ic Oietrd para ca Odestruooke y ic Jihkd ajbkieti hi ca Yekvirskhah hi Gcdrkha, hdehi riackzarde cahisodestruooke hi 7 ihkfiokds odestrukhds ietri 1;>> y 1;9> ode ic db`itkvd hi virkfioar ic riehkjkietdiodejkod hi ca hisodestruooke y ca rioupiraoke hi cds jatirkacis virsd ca hijdckoke. Cds risuctahdshijdstrarde odjd ca hisodestruooke is uea actireatkva riac a ca hijdckoke, puistd qui ca vieta hi cdsjatirkacis puihi fieirar ueds kefrisds, qui hksjkeuyie ic odsti fieac para ic prdjdtdr d ic prdpkitarkd.

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Xabca 10 Odjparatkva ietri ic odsti iodejkod hi hijdckoke y ic hi hisodestruooke

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

6/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Ie ca tabca 1 si puihi vir odjd cds odstis hkriotds hi ca hisodestruooke sde js icivahds rispiotd a cds hihijdckoke. Cds odstis hi ca jaed hi dbra sde rispdesabcis hi js hi ca jktah hi cds odstis tdtacis hi cahisodestruooke. ^dr dtrd cahd, cds priokds istabciokhds a pafar pdr cds virtihirds autdrkzahds sujae ue 8> !hi cds fastds asdokahds a ca aotkvkhah hi ca hijdckoke. Ac fieac, ouaehd si aahie cds bieifiokds fieirahds pdr cavieta hi cds jatirkacis rioupirahds, ca hisodestruooke pasa a sir ca dpoke js rietabci iodejkoajieti, acrihuokrsi bastaeti ic odsti histkeahd ac virtihird hibkhd a ca jiedr oaetkhah hi jatirkacis hisiomahds.

Ae as ic pdroieta`i hi iod"igiotkvkhah qui si puiha cdfrar ie ca itapa hi hisodestruooke hipiehi hi castkpdcdfas odestruotkvas hic ihkfiokd y su hksid, hdehi para saoar ic jxkjd riehkjkietd hic prdoisd hihisodestruooke si riqukiri su odeoipoke ie ic hksid privkd a ca istruotura, prdcdefaehd as ic okocd hi vkha hicds icijietds odjd si ma jieokdeahd ode aetirkdrkhah.

2.1"Hisodestruooke hi ue ihkfiokd rfkhd hi icijietds odestruotkvds istiridtjkods

Ie isti frupd si ieouietra ca frae jaydra hi cds ihkfiokds odestrukhds mdy ie ha, prdyiotahds ode ca ekoaprijksa hi rietabkckhah iodejkoa, ske odeskhirar su pdstirkdr hisodestruooke ac fieac hi su vkha tkc ek sukjpaotd jihkd ajbkietac.

Ic ketietd hi hisodestrukr istds ihkfiokds riqukiri hi ue frae isguirzd, hdehi is eioisarkd ijpizar ode ueaodrriota iciooke hi cds jtdhds hi hijdckoke y hi cds iqukpds, odjd hi cas mirrajkietas a utkckzar paraketietar odesifukr ekvicis actds hi rioupiraoke y hi fistke hi riskhuds. Ic odsti iodejkod hkriotd, ca jaed hidbra, is icivahd virsd dtrds skstijas hi hijdckokdeis, puistd qui ie ic prdoisd hi hisodestruooke ketirvkieiejs partkokpaetis hkgirietis qui ie ic prdoisd hi isodjbrd mabktuac, hdehi ahijs hi ca jaqukearka hiisodjbrd mabktuac, ie ca hisodestruooke, may qui keodrpdrar toekoas hi odrtis prioksds y varkds traba`dsjaeuacis hi hisjdeta`i ode piquias mirrajkietas, actireaehd jtdhds0 jaeuacis, jioekods, hi odrti pdricijietds hkajaetahds, ito. #Fdezciz Barrdsd, 1;;9$Ie istds oasds ic odsti iodejkod hi hisodestruookehipiehi hic ekvic ptkjd hi ca rioupiraoke hi sus icijietds y jatirkacis. _k ic ekvic odesifukhd is ba`d, icpdstirkdr bieifiokd hi su vieta ac jiroahd si vi rihuokhd, skiehd su odsti tdtac iodejkod js icivahd quidtrds tkpds hi hijdckokdeis.

Ic jxkjd riehkjkietd hic prdoisd hi hisodestruooke ie ista tkpdcdfa hi ihkfiokds ed is acoaezabci, hibkhd hisus skstijas odestruotkvds istiridtjkods qui hkfiouctae ca siparaoke hi icijietds y/d jatirkacis, ca ouacprdhuoi jaydris odstis ieirftkods y ijkskdeis hi OD2 a ca atjsgira rispiotd a aquiccds skstijas quipirjktie sir hisjdetahds. Ae as, ca hisodestruooke ccivahd a oabd ie istds ihkfiokds pdskbkckta ue jaydrpdroieta`i hi riokoca`i hi sus jatirkacis y ie jiedr frahd hi riutkckzaoke hi sus icijietds odestruotkvds virsddtrds tkpd hi hijdckokdeis.

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7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

7/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

2.2"Hisodestruooke hi ue ihkfiokd flixkbci hi icijietds odestruotkvds tiotekods

Ihkfiokds hksiahds para ahaptarsi y hisodestrukr"si a pdstirkdrk. A pisar hi parioir uea edvihah odestrukrpiesaehd ie ca hisodestruooke d para sir jdhkfioahds y ahaptahds ode ic pasd hic tkijpd, ie riackhah ixkstieoasds gajdsds hi ihkfiokds qui cd odeskfukirde ode xktd ie ic pasahd odjd ieujira Ihfarhd ie su prdyiotdfieac hi jastir Hksid sdstiekbci0 ic Orystac ^acaoi hi Cdehris hi 1=91, ic hisjdeta`i hi acfueas istruoturas

vireoucas, odjd pdr i`ijpcd cas oabaas hi cds kehkds edrtiajirkoaeds, protkoa odje riackzaha hietrd hi caseioiskhahis ispiofioas hi ca trkbu #Lkef Oduety, 2>>7$. Dtrd i`ijpcd ie ic @ape, is ic _aetuarkd hi Ksi, ic jssafrahd hi ca rickfke eatkva hi @ape. Ic saetuarkd ist tdtacjieti riackzahd ie jahira, y cas uekdeis hi caistruotura si gdrjae jihkaeti aeoca`is, ske utkckzar ekefe ocavd #_taeciy"Balir, 2>>>$. Ic ihkfiokd si hisjdeta ysi riodestruyi oaha 2> ads< isti pirkdhd si hibi a gaotdris ockjtkods y rickfkdsds, puistd qui ic ejird 2>riprisieta ca riedvaoke hi ca hkvkekhah. Hi ista gdrja ic saetuarkd si hisjaetica para har cufar a dtrd euivd. Cajahira utkckzaha ie ic saetuarkd hisjdetahd si utkckza ie dtras ihkfioaokdeis u db`itds. ^dhra sifukrjieokdeaehd tmi Gue ^acaoi dg Oihrko ^rkoi, tmi Oietri Fidrfi ^djpkhdu, Ccdyhs dg Cdehde, ihkfiokds hicarquktiotd Ekomdcis Frkjsmaw, ito.

_tiwart Braeh #1;;8$y ^mkckp Ordwtmir #1;;;$guirde cds prkjirds a rihaotar hkriotrkois hi hisjdeta`i hietrdhi ca ihkfioaoke y dbsirvar su pdtieokac ie cds ihkfiokds para acarfar ic okocd hi vkha hi cds jatirkacis y rioupirar

ca ieirfa ijbibkha hi istds. Guirde cds prkjirds a odeskhirar ca odestruooke istratkfioaha, ihkfiokdsodestrukhds pdr oapas sife cas hurabkckhahis hi sus skstijas odestruotkvds. Ahijs, si hkirde ouieta qui ca vkhatkc hi ue jatirkac ie ue ihkfiokd ed tkiei pdr qu sir ca jksja gskoajieti qui si ieouietra ie ca eatura, puistdqui hietrd hi ue icijietd d skstija odestruotkvd ie ue ihkfiokd si ieouietra ixpuistd ie ue okirtd ajbkietiqui maoi varkar su hurabkckhah.

Ie cds ctkjds ads ca ivdcuoke hi ca tioedcdfa ode cds prigabrkoahds ma pirjktkhd dbtieir piquidsbieifiokds ajbkietacis y iodejkods, auequi ic odeoiptd hi amdrrd hi odstis guira ca prkeokpac raze hi maoir,rihuokiehd cds tkijpds hi jdeta i ie ca dbra riprisietaehd ue amdrrd ie ca fistke hi riskhuds fieirahds yivktaehd ic odsti ahkokdeac hi cds subodetratkstas pdr ca ickjkeaoke hi cds hispirhkokds hi cds jatirkacis. Ae asca prigabrkoaoke ma pirjktkhd ca ketrdhuooke hi hksids hisjdetabcis ie cds ihkfiokds, a pisar hi qui edskijpri si ma saoahd ic jxkjd prdviomd hi sus pristaokdeis ue fdcpi odcdoahds ie ca dbra.

Liae [iaef ie su ckbrd Ic rasoaokicd iodcfkodafirja qui ic prijdeta`i hi jatirkacis is ue gaotdr isieokac qui sitkiei qui tieir ie ouieta a ca viz prdyiotar ue ihkfiokd sdstiekbci, puistd qui pdr i`ijpcd afirja qui caodestruooke hi ue ietrajahd hi jahira puihi tieir masta ue 2>! jieds hi ieirfa keodrpdraha qui caodestruooke ie jahira trahkokdeac. Ahijs, ue icijietd odestruotkvd hksiahd para sir hisodestrukhd puihirihuokr su ieirfa keodrpdraha a ca jktah sk hispus hi ca vkha tkc hic ihkfiokd si riutkckza ie ue sifuehd usd.

Ca rioupiraoke hi ieirfa ijbibkha d keodrpdraha hi cds jatirkacis pdr jihkd hi ca hisodestruooke is ocaviie ic hisarrdccd sdstiekbci hi ue ihkfiokd y scd si puihi cdfrar ca igiotkvkhah sk sus icijietds odestruotkvdspirjktie sir hisjdetahds para pdstirkdrjieti sir riutkckzahds. A pisar hi qui ista vkske tdhava ed a arrakfahdhic tdhd ie ic siotdr, ic oajked qui ma tdjahd ca arquktiotura y ca odestruooke para hksiar ihkfiokds ahaptabcisy hisodestrukbcis a viekhd jdtkvaha para rihuokr ic kjpaotd jihkdajbkietac hic jaetiekjkietd sustktutkvd y/dpdstirkdr rimabkcktaoke hi cds ihkfiokds, prdyiotaehd cds skstijas hi sirvkokds hi hurabkckhah kegirkdr a ca

istruotura flixkbcis d hisjdetabcis, jkietras qui ic skstija istruoturac si jaetkiei fi`d.

Ie ca aotuackhah sde pdods cds ihkfiokds qui pirjktie sir hisodestrukhds ie su tdtackhah, ic ekod jdhicd hiodestruooke hisjdetabci ketireaokdeackzahd okie pdr okie sde cds ihkfiokds jdhucaris prigabrkoahdsiesajbcahds ie gbrkoa hi gdrja tdtacjieti kehustrkackzaha. Xajbke may ihkfiokds qui tdhd y ca carfahurabkckhah hi sus istruoturas si mae hksiahd para sir hisjdetahds odjd sde0 ca istruotura jitckoa odeuekdeis atdrekccahas d ca istruotura hi mdrjkfe arjahd hi pkcaris y `oieas prigabrkoahas.

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7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

8/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

2.?"Frahds hi hisodestruooke y sus odifiokietis hi ritdred ac aodpkd

Yea viz fieackza ca vkha tkc hic ihkfiokd y partkiehd qui ic ekod prdoisd iodcfkod hi hijdckoke a apckoar is cahisodestruooke, ouc sir ic pdroieta`i y oaetkhah hi icijietds odestruotkvds qui si pdhre vdcvir ac aodpkdpara su pdstirkdr riutkckzaoke4 Hkomd hi dtrd jdhd, oueta ieirfa keodrpdraha hic ihkfiokd si pdhr rioupirar yamdrrar ie ue guturd4, ivktaehd as euivas ijkskdeis hi OD2 a ca atjsgira. Ie ista ceia hi kevistkfaoke is

hdehi aparioi ic odifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd.

^dr cd taetd, ic odifiokieti is uea mirrajkieta hi pdehiraoke hi ca sdstiekbkckhah ie ca ihkfioaoke. Is ue vacdreujrkod pdroietuac qui si apckoa a cds odstis ieirftkods odjd cas ijkskdeis hi OD2 fieirahas ie ca gasi hiodestruooke hi cds icijietds odestruotkvds. Ca fieackhah is pdhir vksuackzar a odrtd pcazd ca pdskbkckhah hirihuooke hi ca ieirfa keodrpdraha hi aquiccds icijietds odestruotkvds ode pdtieokac para sir riutkckzahds ieue sifuehd usd a carfd pcazd.

Ic odifiokieti hi ritdred ketieta har uea vkske hic pdtieokac hi hisodestrukr ode db`itd hi odeskhirar cdsriskhuds hi odestruooke y hisodestruooke odjd ue rioursd y ed odjd ue hisiomd, bibkiehd hic aecksks hicokocd hi vkha oockod hi ue ihkfiokd. Ic odifiokieti pird ed odetijpca ca hurabkckhah hi sus icijietdsodestruotkvds, puistd qui aquiccds icijietds qui iste hitirkdrahds pdr ic pasd hic tkijpd ske pdskbkckhahis hi

sir riutkckzahds y riokocahds ed saci pdr aetkokpahd hisodestrukr, puistd qui prdvdoara odstdsds fastds, saci jscavabci hirrdoarcds. _u hiskfeaoke si ma istabciokhd sife ic frahd hi hisodestruooke qui pirjktie cdsicijietds hi oaha skstija odestruotkvd qui gdrjae ic ihkfiokd, hkgirieokehdsi ouatrd frahds sife ca gaokckhah ded para sir hisjdetahds0 actd, jihkd, ba`d y eucd.

Cds frahds hi hisodestruooke si ocaskfioae ie hds fraehis frupd sife siae icijietds Xiotekods dIstiridtjkods. Hietrd hic frupd hi tiotekods si subhkvkhi ie hds frupds sife ic tkpd hi drtdpihka0 aquiccdsicijietds ode uea drtdpihka iehfiea hi aquiccds icijietds ode uea drtdpihka ixfiea. Ie ic frupd hi cdsIstiridtjkods si subhkvkhi ie hds frupds0 icijietds siparabcis d ed siparabcis, sife ic tkpd hi pifatkeasutkckzahas y tajbke si odeskhira sk ixksti uea pdskbci odetajkeaoke hi cds hkgirietis jatirkacis pdr odetaotdhkriota ietri icijietds, kjpdskbkcktaehd su pdstirkdr riutkckzaoke y riokoca`i, yiehd hkriotajieti ic virtihird.

Hisodestruooke Acta0 ie isti frupd si ieouietrae tdhds aquiccds icijietds odestruotkvds tiotekods odetkpdcdfas odestruotkvas ie siod pdr jihkd hi uekdeis atdrekccahas y icijietds prigabrkoahds gokcis hihisjdetar. Is hiokr, aquiccds icijietds odestruotkvds qui prisietae ue drtdpihka ixfiea ca ouac uea vizhisjdetahd ed hi`a ciske. ^dr i`ijpcd, ie ic oasd hi gaomahas ode paeicis prigabrkoahds hi mdrjkfe y suspcatkeas jitckoas, pkcaris y `oieas jitckoas d hi jahira atdrekccahas, gacsd tiomd hi pcaoas hi yisd, pavkjietdstoekods, `oieas hi mdrjkfe prigabrkoahas, ito.

Odifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd ie istds oasds is hic >,;>. _i odeskhira qui ie ic rifrisd ac aodpkd hi istdsicijietds skijpri mabr aprdxkjahajieti ue 1>! hi prhkha hi ca ieirfa keodrpdraha kehkriota quiodesujk ca jaqukearka ie su puista ie dbra. _u riutkckzaoke sir prkjarka, jaetiekiehd ca gdrja hic

icijietd drkfkeac.

=

drtdpihka iehfiea

Xiotekoa

Hisodestruooke

drtdpihka ixfiea

Istiridtekoa_iparabci

Ed _iparabci

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Hisodestruooke Jihka0 ie isti frupd si ieouietrae tdhds aquiccds icijietds odestruotkvds tiotekods ode ueadrtdpihka iehfiea, is hiokr icijietds hksiahds hi jaeira prigabrkoaha pird qui hispus hi su puista ie dbrasu rioupiraoke si vuicvi hkfiouctdsa, quihaehd su drtdpihka ijbibkha pdr dtrd jatirkac, doucta pdr uerivistkjkietd d sdchaha. Ie ca hisodestruooke is keivktabci oriar acfueas ciskdeis a cds icijietds odestruotkvdsrioupirahds. Ie isti frupd pdr i`ijpcd si ieouietrae cds tabkquis y trashdsahds hi yisd cajkeaha, akscajkietdshi pcaeomas rfkhas aeocahas jioekoajieti ed ahmirkhas, pkcaris y `oieas jitckoas sdchahas, ito.

Odifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd ie istds oasds is hic >,7>. Ie ic ritdred ac aodpkd hi istds icijietds mabr ic1>! hi prhkha hi ieirfa keodrpdraha kehkriota hi ca jaqukearka js ue ?>! hi ca ieirfa keodrpdrahahkriota hibkhd a ca prhkha hi siooke hic jatirkac oausaha pdr cas ciskdeis prdvdoahas ie ca siparaoke hi cdsicijietds, hdehi sir eioisarkd uea civi riparaoke d oajbkd hi gdrja pdr su pdstirkdr riutkckzaoke,prdvdoaehd ue odsti ieirftkod aahkhd. #riutkckzaoke sioueharka$

Hisodestruooke Ba`a0 ie isti frupd si ieouietrae tdhds aquiccds icijietds odestruotkvds istiridtjkods quisi qukirie rioupirar pdr su icivahd vacdr iodejkod, pdr su icivahd odsti ieirftkod hi gabrkoaoke d pdr ic actahurabkckhah hi cds jatirkacis, pird qui su hksid ed odetijpca su hisodestruooke tiekiehd qui utkckzar jihkdsjioekods para hisjdetarcds. I`ijpcds0 aoabahds virtkoacis u mdrkzdetacis hi jrjdcis, iecahrkccahds hi pkizasoirjkoas isjactahas, cds bcdquis hi parihis hi mdrjkfe, cahrkccds hi parihis oirjkoas, ti`as oirjkoas

asietahas sdbri jdrtird, `ajbas y acgkzaris oirjkods ahmirkhds ode skckodea, ito.

Odifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd ie istds oasds is hic >,?>. _i odeskhira qui ie ca rioupiraoke hi istdsicijietds scd si pdhr rioupirar ic ?>!hi ca ieirfa tdtac keodrpdraha hibkhd ac actd pdroieta`i hi rupturad ciskdeis prdvdoahas ie ca siparaoke hi cds icijietds odestruotkvds. Ie istds oasds, su pdstirkdrriutkckzaoke is isoasa, hdehi ic histked js prdbabci hi istds is ic prdoisd hi riokoca`i, mabkiehd uedodeskhirahd odsti ieirftkod aahkhd.

Hisodestruooke Euca0 ie isti frupd si ieouietrae aquiccds jatirkacis qui gdrjae parti hi icijietdsodestruotkvds istiridtjkods, hdehi su siparaoke si maoi kjpdskbci para su pdstirkdr riutkckzaoke d riokoca`i.^dr i`ijpcd cds rivistkjkietds #iecuokhds, ieyisahds, pketuras$, akscajkietds trjkods prdyiotahds, ic jdrtirdutkckzahd odjd jatirkac ahmirieti ie parihis hi gbrkoa, `uetas hi skckodea, ito.

Odifiokieti hi ritdred ac aodpkd is >,>. Ic histked hi istds jatirkacis is ic virtihird odetrdcahd.

Ca tabca 2 juistra ca ripirouske sife ic frahd hi hisjdeta`i ie cds oajpds hi rioupiraoke hi ieirfakeodrpdraha, ic amdrrd hi OD2, rihuooke hi cds riskhuds y ic odsti iodejkod hipiehkieti hic frahd hihisodestruooke qui si ieouietrie cds icijietds odestruotkvds.

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Xabca 20 Kjpaotds ajbkietacis sife ic frahd hi hisodestruooke

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

10/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

?"Ouaetkfioaoke hic kjpaotd y ca rioupiraoke hi ieirfa keodrpdraha ie gaomahas.

_i isodfkirde hds ihkfiokds hi vkvkiehas ixkstietis hi Baroicdea0 ic Xidhdr Ccdrieti y ca Ksca O hi ca Xdrri hiBar, hdehi si ouaetkfio ic kjpaotd hi odestruooke y ca pdskbkckhah hi rioupiraoke hi ca ieirfa keodrpdrahahi sus gaomahas.

Ic skstija odestruotkvd hi gaomahas is ue pirgiotd i`ijpcd para ca apckoaoke hic odifiokieti hi ritdred acaodpkd, pdrqui sus hksids tkiehie a odjbkear icijietds odestruotkvds tiotekods y istiridtjkods. ^ara ccivara oabd uea ouaetkfioaoke vksuac y ietiehihdra hi oaha skstija odestruotkvd si riackz ue jdhicd hi fiomaistruoturaha prkeokpacjieti ie ? apartahds0

1$ Kjpaotd hi odestruooke0 ocoucd hic odsti ieirftkod y ijkskdeis hi OD2 a ca atjsgira hi ca itapa hiodestruooke hi tdhds cds icijietds qui gdrjae parti hic skstija odestruotkvd, tiekiehd ojd kehkoahdrisLwm/j2 y Lf hi OD2/j2. Ca ouaetkfioaoke si ma ccivahd a oabd ode ca ayuha hic baeod hi hatds BIHIO hicKtio, odjd ouacqukir acjaoieajkietd hi hatds tkiei sus ckjktaokdeis ie ic eujird hi partkhas ouaetkfioahas,pdr cd taetd tajbke cas tkiei cds risuctahds dbtiekhds ie cas fiomas.

2$ Frahd hi hisodestruooke0 ca iciooke hic tkpd hi hisodestruooke qui pirjkti oaha icijietd odestruotkvd,

hifiekhds ode aetirkdrkhah.

?$ Apckoaoke hic odifiokieti hi ritdred0 ocoucd hi ca ieirfa keodrpdraha rioupiraha y ic amdrrd hiijkskdeis hi OD2 hi oaha icijietd odestruotkvd< ca ouaetkfioaoke si ckjkta ac kjpaotd hi odestruooke, skeodeskhirar ca ieirfa keodrpdraha hi dtras itapas odjd ca ixtraooke hi ca jatirka, ic traespdrti,ito.

1>

_iook virtkoac

_iook mdrktzdetac

A

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

11/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

11

_iookdes

virtkoacs

B

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

12/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

12

_iookdes virtkoacs

O

Wkstas hic prdoisd odestruotkvd hi ca gaomaha ixtirkdr O #Xidhdr Ccdrieti$

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

1?

H

I

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

8"Aecksks y odjparatkva hi hatds

Ie ca tabca supirkdr si puihi dbsirvar ue risujie hi cas okeod gaomahas aeackzahas, hdehi si ma aahkhd sutraesjktaeoka y su odsti iodejkod. Ca gaomaha A y B pirtieioie ac ihkfiokd Xdrri hi Bar y ca O,H y I ac Xidhdr

Ccdrieti.Ca tabca odjpara ca gueokdeackhah hi cas gaomahas ode ic kehkoahdr hi ca traesjktaeoka #frahd hi odegdrttrjkod$, ic odsti iodejkod hi odestruooke pdr j2, su kjpaotd hi odestruooke ode cds kehkoahdris hi odstiieirftkod y hi ijkskdeis hi OD2 pdr j2 y cds pdroieta`is hi amdrrd hi ijkskdeis y hi rioupiraoke hi ieirfakeodrpdraha hi sus jatirkacis pdr jihkd hic frahd hi hisodestruooke hi sus icijietds odestruotkvds y supdstirkdr riutkckzaoke y/d riokoca`i.

Ca gaomaha ode ji`dris pristaokdeis ie ic apartahd hi odegdrt trjkod is ca A #Xdrri hi Bar$dbtiekiehd ue>,?6V/j2 L hi traesjktaeoka trjkoa y ca pidr is ca gaomaha H #Xidhdr Ccdrieti$skiehd su Y:>,87V/j2L.

Xkpd hi

gaomahas

Ihkfiokd/

DrkietahaY (V/j2 L) !/j2 Lf OD2/j2 Lwm/j2

Ijkskdes

OD2 savih

Ijbdhkih

Ieirfy

riodvirabci

Gaomaha A

Xdrri

Bar/

Oacci

>,?6 186,?6 117,12 ??7,9> =>,>8% 6=,11%

Gaomaha B

Xdrri

Bar/

^atkd

ketirkdr

>,82 ==,?1 ;1,9= 2=7,=? ?;,>8% 8>,97%

Gaomaha O

Xidhdr Cc/

Oacci >,8? 287,>> 179,;9 87>,97 72,=?% 78,6=%

Gaomaha H

Xidhdr Cc/

^atkd

ketirkdr

>,87 98,=; 78,28 1=?,72 2;,28% ??,7;%

Gaomaha IXidhdr Cc/

Oacci>,8? 91,97 1>9,6? 26;,=9 27,9=% ?2,>7%

18

Y (V/j2 L)

> >,119 >,2? >,?89 >,87

Gaomaha A

Gaomaha B

Gaomaha O

Gaomaha H

Gaomaha I

!/j2

> 79 1?> 1;9 27>

Gaomaha A

Gaomaha B

Gaomaha O

Gaomaha H

Gaomaha I

Ca gaomaha ode ic odsti iodejkod js icivahd pdr j2 is ic jdhicd O #Xidhdr Ccdrieti$y ic js ba`d is ic

jdhicd I #Xidhdr Ccdrieti$

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Ie ic apartahd hic kjpaotd hi odestruooke, ca gaomaha qui ijktk js ijkskdeis hi OD2 a ca atjsgira y quiodesujk js ieirfa gui ca O y ca qui jieds ca H.

Ca gaomaha qui tkiei js pdtieokac para rioupirar js ijbdhkih ieirfy" y ivktar js ijkskdeis hi OD2 hi susicijietds odestruotkvds is ca gaomaha A y ca qui jieds is ca gaomaha I. Ic aecksks odjparatkvd riackzahd pirjkti

vir uea vkske fieirac, pird is pdod ricivaeti a ca viz hi hkotajkear ouc is ca ji`dr gaomaha, puistd qui istasskfuie ueds orktirkds hi hksid y odestruooke sife su zdekfioaoke, pdr cd taetd ca odjparatkva js `usta sirahkvkhkr cas gaomahas ie hds frupds0 cas gaomahas ixtirkdris qui hae a ca oacci odjd sde ca A ubkoaha ie ic ihkfiokdXdrri hi Bar y ca O qui si ieouietra ie ic Xidhdr Ccdrieti y cas gaomahas ketirkdris qui hae a patkd ketirkdrojd sde ca B #Xdrri hi Bar$y ca H #Xidhdr Ccdrieti$.

19

Lf OD2/j2

Lwm/j2

> 129 29> ?69 9>>

Gaomaha A

Gaomaha B

Gaomaha O

Gaomaha H

Gaomaha I

% OD2 _avih

% Ieirfy Riodvirabci

> 22,9 89 76,9 ;>

Gaomaha AGaomaha B

Gaomaha O

Gaomaha H

Gaomaha I

Y #V/j2 L$

>,?7 >,?6= >,?;9 >,81? >,8?

Gaomaha A #Bar$ Gaomaha O #Ccdrieti$

%/j2

> 72,9 129 1=6,9 29>

Lf OD2/j2

Lwm/j2

> 129 29> ?69 9>>

!OD2 _avih

!Ieirfy Riodvirabci

> 22,9 89 76,9 ;>

Ca ji`dr gaomaha ixtirkdr is ca A #Xdrri Bar$< dbtkiei ji`dris risuctahds taetd ie odegdrt trjkod, odjd ieodsti iodejkod, a ca viz qui su kjpaotd hi odestruooke gui js ba`d y tkiei jaydr pdtieokac hi rioupiraokehi ca ijbdhkih ieirfy" y hi amdrrd hi OD2 ie ue guturd. #Ca gaomaha I si ma ixocukhd pdr gaotdris hi prisieoka,puistd qui scd ist prisieti ie ue piquid pdroieta`i hic ihkfiokd Xidhdr Ccdrieti$.

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Hiokhkr ouc is ca ji`dr gaomaha ketirkdr, ie patkd ketirkdr, a ekvic sdstiekbci ie isti oasd is bastaeti jsodjpckoahd qui ie ic aetirkdr. Ca odjparatkva hi hatds juistra odjd ca gaomaha B hic ihkfiokd hi Xdrri hi Baris ue ?9!js odstis iodejkoajieti qui ca gaomaha H hic Xidhdr Ccdrieti, ie ouaetd ac odegdrt trjkod is ue11!js ifiokieti qui ca H, ie kjpaotds hi odestruooke ijktk ue ?>!js hi ijkskdeis hi OD2 a ca atjsgiray odesujk ue ?7!js hi ieirfa pird tkiei jaydr pdtieokac ie ca rioupiraoke hi ieirfa ijbibkha ie ue 6!hi js y hi amdrrd hi ijkskdeis hi OD2 ie ue 1>!hi js qui ca gaomaha .

^dr cd taetd, dbsirvaehd cds risuctahds ca gaomaha H #Xidhdr Ccdrieti$is ji`dr ode cds parjitrds odjparahdsqui ca gaomaha B.

Hi isti aecksks si pdhra histaoar qui ca gaomaha A y ca H sde cas ji`dris dpokdeis sife su zdekfioaoke ie uea

dbra, pird cd riacjieti ricivaeti hi isti i`irokokd, js acc hi odetijpcar y siciookdear cas tkpdcdfasodestruotkvas ji`dris hi cas gaomahas odjparahas, is histaoar ca jitdhdcdfa hi aecksks ccivahd a oabd odjd ueoajked js odrriotd para ca tdja hi hiokskdeis hi cds toekods ie ouacqukir prdyiotd hi ihkfioaoke.

17

Y #V/j2 L$

>,81 >,82? >,8?9 >,88= >,87

%/j2

> 22,9 89 76,9 ;>

Lf OD2/j2

Lwm/j2

> 69 19> 229 ?>>

!OD2 _avih

!Ieirfy Riodvirabci

> 1>,9 21 ?1,9 82

Gaaea B #Bar$ Gaaea H #Ccdrieti$

Wksta hi cas gaomahas ixtirkdris hi ca Ksca O Xdrri Bar #gaomaha A$

Wksta gaomaha ixtirkdr Xidhdr Ccdrieti #gaomaha O$

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

9"Odeocuskdeis

Ca pacabra sdstiekbkckhah ed puihi sir odeoiptuackzaha a odrtd pcazd, sked qui is ue odeoiptd a sir odeskhirahdcdefivd, a carfd pcazd. ^ara ji`drar ca sdstiekbkckhah ie ca ihkfioaoke is kjpdrtaeti sir odesokieti qui cashiokskdeis js sdstiekbcis tdjahas a odrtd pcazd hijaskahd gdoackzahas ie ue sdcd jbktd puihie tieir igiotdsodcatiracis y pir`uhkoar a carfd pcazd ac jihkd ajbkieti ie dtrds jbktds.

Oaha hiokske tdjaha ie bieifiokd hic jihkd ajbkieti ed puihi istar odehkokdeaha scd pdr ic odesujd yijkskdeis fieirahd ie ic prdoisd hi gabrkoaoke, isodfkiehd aquic jatirkac, icijietd d skstija qui jiedskjpaotd tkiei ie su gasi hi odestruooke, may dtrds aspiotds a odeskhirar aetis hi isodfir ca ji`dr dpoke odjdsi ma hijdstrahd ie ic aecksks ccivahd a oabd. Ahijs hi dtrds ed odetijpcahds ojd0

_k cds icijietds d skstijas odestruotkvds hksiahds ode hkgirietis jatirkacis pirjktie su pdstirkdr siparaokepara pasar oaha jatirkac pdr su odrrispdehkieti prdoisd hi riokoca`i, uea viz ic ihkfiokd hi`i hi sir tkc.

_k cds jatirkacis isodfkhds pirjktie sir riokocahds< may qui ouaetkfioar ic odesujd ieirftkod odjd casijkskdeis hi OD2 qui odjpdrta su traesgdrjaoke huraeti su prdoisd hi riskhud a jatirkac riokocahd yodjparar sk saci js rietabci para ic jihkd ajbkieti qui prdhuokr ue jatirkac ode rioursds euivds ixtrahdshi ca cktdsgira.

_k may pcaetas hi tratajkietd hi riokoca`i hi cds jatirkacis hi ca ihkfioaoke prxkjds a ca dbra, para ivktaractds ekvicis hi ijkskdeis hi OD2 prdhuokhds pdr ic traespdrti hi ROH.

_k si ma ouaetkfioahd hi jaeira aprdxkjaha ca hurabkckhah hic icijietd d skstija odestruotkvd y edskjpcijieti ca vkha tkc hic jatirkac, hdehi is kjpdrtaeti hksiar ue skstija odestruotkvd ie odeodrhaeokaode su hurabkckhah hi sirvkokd.

_k si ma ouaetkfioahd ic kjpaotd hi ca gasi hi jaetiekjkietd huraeti cds ads hi sirvkokd hic ihkfiokd,ketietaehd ivktar ue jaetiekjkietd sustktutkvd oaha pdod tkijpd hdehi aujietare cas ijkskdeis hi OD2 aca atjsgira.

Hksiar tdhds cds skstijas odestruotkvds hi ue ihkfiokd hi gdrja tiotekoa ed skijpri is rietabci, ca hiokske ahi kr aodjpaaha hi ue aecksks privkd ietri ca hurabkckhah hi sirvkokd hic ihkfiokd odjd hi sus jatirkacisutkckzahds y su rietabkckhah iodejkoa. Cds icijietds tiotekods gavdrioie a uea gokc rioupiraoke hi susjatirkacis ode ue ba`d kjpaotd iodejkod y jihkdajbkietac, pird sk istds ed puihie sir riutkckzahd ie uesifuehd usd ie ue guturd d ed ixksti ue prdoisd hi riokoca`i ed vaci ca piea, puistd qui tkieie ue jaydrkjpaotd hi odestruooke ie ic jihkd ajbkieti qui cds istiridtjkods y a ca viz sde js odstdsdsiodejkoajieti.

Amdra bkie, sk si hkjieskdeae cds ihkfiokds ode uea vkha tkc pdr hiba`d hi ca hi sus jatirkacis is kehkspiesabciqui sia cd js tiotekoajieti pdskbci para riutkckzar sus icijietds odestruotkvds ie ue guturd, isodfkiehdjatirkacis qui pirjktae sir traba`ahds hi jaeira prigabrkoaha ode tkpdcdfas hisjdetabcis.

Ieodetrar ic iqukckbrkd ie cas hiokskdeis tdjahas ie ue AOW is odjpckoahd, sabir ca vkha tkc hi ue skstijaodestruotkvd d hi ue ihkfiokd parti hi uea mkptisks kekokac y ed hi ue miomd odetrastahd y sk ci sujajds cahkfiouctah hi hifiekr cds odifiokietis hi ritdred ac aodpkd hi oaha icijietd odestruotkvd y ca rpkha ivdcuokehi ca tioedcdfa mkfm"tiom ie ic siotdr, eahki ti asifura qui uea viz rioupirahd pdr i`ijpcd cds icijietds hiuea gaomaha ode buie istahd gskod fieackzaha ca vkha tkc hic ihkfiokd ed mabr quihahd dbsdcitd gueokdeacjietipdr cas pristaokdeis hi cas gaomahas euivas y/d pdr ca edrjatkva hi ihkfioaoke vkfieti ie ic guturd.

Ae as, riackzar ue AOW hi cds prdyiotds hi arquktiotura aetis hi ijpizar su odestruooke is ocavi para jktkfarsu kjpaotd ac jihkd ajbkieti a odrtd, jihkd y carfd pcazd. Ie ue guturd cas ijprisas hi jatirkacis odjd higabrkoaoke hi icijietds y/d skstijas odestruotkvds tiehrae qui icabdrar uea oirtkfioaoke hi aecksks hi okocdhi vkha ode ue gueokdeajkietd pariokhd ac itkquitahd ifiokieoka ieirftkoa qui ya ixksti ie cdsiciotrdhdjstkods tiekiehd ie ouieta odjd jekjd cds parjitrds odetijpcahds ie isti artoucd. Hi istijdhd gaokcktara a cds toekods ic traba`d hi ouaetkfioaoke, aecksks y iciooke hi cds jatirkacis. Isti jdvkjkietd

keorijietara uea dgirta js sdstiekbci ie ic jiroahd, rihuokiehd cds kjpaotds ie ic siotdr hi ca ihkfioaoke.

16

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

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Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

7"Bkbckdfrafia

Biehir #1;67,176$Yea Wkske hi ca odestruooke kehustrkackzaha.Odciooke,Xioedcdfka k Arquktiotura. K_BE =8292>7?76

Guiyd Oasahd#2>>?,9=2$Jaeuac hi hijdckokdeis, riokoca`i y jaekpucaoke hi jatirkacis. K_BE =8;2?12=9=

Fdezciz Barrdsd #1;;9,7?$Jaeuac hi hisodestruook< hkbukxds0 Jaeuic hi @iss k ^acau < hkriotdr hi ca pubckoaok0

Gruotus Ja k Rikxaom&< Kestktut hi Xioedcdfka hi ca Odestruook hi Oatacueya, Fieiracktat hi Oatacueya. Hipartajiethi Jihk Ajbkiet. @ueta hi Riskhus. K_BE =8?;??9;=;

Jataccaea Jataccaea,Oarcds #2>1>, 71$Fistke hi riskhuds hi odestruooke y hijdckoke. Xutdrkzahd pdr Yse Fuarhkdca,

Iziqukic. rd`ioti fieac hi jstir #prdgisskdeac$.Yekvirsktat ^dcktoekoa hi Oatacueya. Guehaok ^dcktoekoa hiOatacueya#Arquktiotura k _dstiekbkcktat0 Ikeis hi Hkssiey k Xoekquis hi Odetrdc Jihkajbkietac$Hkspdekbci 3mttp0//upodjjdes.upo.ihu/pgo/maehci/2>;;.1/1?7=15

Jiroahir Jdyaed, Jara hic kcar. Ouaetkfioaoke hi cds rioursds odesujkhds y ijkskdeis hi OD2 prdhuokhds ie cas

odestruookdeis hi Aehacuoa y sus kjpckoaokdeis ie ic prdtdodcd hi Lkdtd. 21 hi Jayd hi 2>1>. K_BE ;6==87;?77>77.

_aetds Jarae,Jdeirokccd Hicfahd k Faroa Jarteiz #2>1>,1;9$Fistke hi riskhuds ie cas dbras hi odestruooke y

hijdckoke. K_BE ;6==8;27=7=81

_eomiz @uriz, Ihfarhd. Hksid sdstiekbci0 ahaptabkckhah y hiodestruooke. Xutdrkzahd pdr Wkoieti Fjiz _dbire,

@ds Jaeuic.^rd ioti fieac hi jstir #uekvirsktark$"Yekvirsktat dcktoekoa hi Oatacueya. Isodca dcktoekoa _upirkdrh'Ihkfioaok hi Baroicdea. Hipartajiet hi Odestruookdes Arquktiotekquis KK, 2>11 Hkspdekbci a0 3mttp0//upodjjdes.upo.ihu/pgo/maehci/2>;;.1/1?69>5

_dcaeas, Oacatayuh, Ocarit #2>>;, 2;9$?8 lf hi OD2. Baroicdea 0 Fieiracktat hi Oatacueya, Hipartajiet hi Jihk

Ajbkiet k Mabktatfi. Hkspdekbci a 3mttp0//www2>.fieoat.oat/hdos/mabktatfi/Mdji/_ioritarka!2>hmabktatfi/^ubckoaokdes/?8!2>Lf!2>hi!2>OD2/hdo/?8TLfTOD2.phg5

Pajdra, Biccd it ac. #2>>8,128$ rd`iotar carquktiotura his hi ca oddrhkeaok hkjieskdeac. Kestktut hiXioedcdfka hi ca Odestruook hi Oatacueya "KXiO. 1a ihkoke Dotubri 2>>8. K_BE =86=9?8681

F.Vahic, @. Aviccaeiha k A.Ouom. Ca sdstiekbkckhah ie ca arquktiotura kehustrkackzaha0 oirraehd ic okocd hi cds

jatirkacis.Kegdrjis hi ca Odestruooke 'ie ceka&2>1>, vdc.72 'Odesucta0 11 jar 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a03 mttp0//kegdrjishicaodestruookde.rivkstas.osko.is/kehix.pmp/kegdrjishicaodestruookde/kssui/vkiw/=;5 K__E0 >>2>">==?

Jaooarkek Wigafd k Aviccaeiha. Rioyockef odeoipts aeh tmi kehix dg rioyocabkckty gdr bukchkef jatirkacs. Icsivkir 'ie ceka&

2>12, 'Odesucta0 17 abrkc 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a0 3mttp0//www.sokieoihkriot.odj/sokieoi/ artkoci/pkk/_>;21?88;12>>22;6 5

Xmdrjarol, O. Xmi i(iot dg jatirkac omdkoi de tmi tdtac ieirfy eiih aeh rioyockef pdtietkac dg a bukchkef. Bukchkef aehievkrdejiet 'ie ceka&2>>7, vdc.81 'Odesucta0 9 gibrir 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a03mttp0// www.sokieoihkriot.odj/sokieoi/artkoci/pkk/_>?7>1?2?>9>>17>9 5

Pabacza Brkbke, Wacird Oapkcca k Araeha Yze. Ckgi oyoci assissjiet dg bukchkef jatirkacs0 Odjparatkvi aeacysks dg ieirfy

aeh ievkrdejietac kjpaots aeh ivacuatkde dg tmi iod"i)okieoy kjprdvijiet pdtietkac. Bukchkef aeh ievkrdejiet 'ieceka&2>1>,vdc.87 'Odesucta0 1; gibrir 2>1?&Hkspdekbci a03mttp0// www.sokieoihkriot.odj/sokieoi/artkoci/pkk/_>?7>1?2?1>>>?98;5

Fad, Arkyaja, D`kja k Jikir. Ieirfy kjpaots dg rioyockef hkssasijbcy jatirkac ke riskhietkac bukchkefs. Ieirfy aehBukchkef. 'ie ceka&2>>1, vdc.?? 'Odesucta0 8 jar 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a03mttp0// www.sokieoihkriot.odj/sokieoi/artkoci/pkk/_>?6=66==>>>>>;765

1=

7/21/2019 Anlisis de Ciclo de Vida en la Edificacin

19/19

Havkh ^ukf Rdfir 21 hi abrkc hi 2>18

Jiroahir, Dckvaris k Rajriz hi Ariccaed. Jdhicd hi ouaetkfioaoke hic odesujd ieirftkod ie ihkfioaoke. Jatirkacis hiodestruooke. 'ie ceka&2>12, vdc 72,?>= 'Odesucta0 9 hi fieir 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a03 mttp0// jatirodestruoo.rivkstas.osko.is/kehix.pmp/jatirodestruoo/kssui/vkiw/1915

Xmkirs y ^iupdrtkir. Ieirfy aeh ievkrdejietac assissjiet dg twd mkfm ieirfy pirgdrjaeoi riskhietkac bukchkefs. Bukchkefaeh ievkrdejiet 'ie ceka&2>12, vdc.91 'Odesucta0 28 abrkc 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a03mttp0// www.sokieoihkriot.odj/sokieoi/

artkoci/pkk/_>?7>1?2?11>>8>215

Jdre hic ^dzd, @uae Wachss, Afuahd, Fuirra k Jihkea. Istahd aotuac hi ca fistke hi riskhuds hi odestruooke yhijdckoke0 ckjktaokdeis. Kegdrjis hi ca Odestruooke 'ie ceka&2>11, vdc.7?, 921. 'Odesucta0 2 jakf 2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a03mttp0//kegdrjishicaodestruookde.rivkstas.osko.is/kehix.pmp/ kegdrjishicaodestruookde/kssui/vkiw/1?25

Ouom y _afrira. Riutkckzaoke y riokoca`i hi cds riskhuds hic siotdr hi ca odestruooke. Rivksta ajbkieta. 'ie ceka&2>>6.'Odesucta0 2? dotubri 2>12&Hkspdekbci a 3mttp0//www.japgri.odj/hdoujietaokde/pubckod/ k1=e/odesucta/rifkstrd.ojh4kh:121;=>5

Oasaedvas, ]avkir. Ca odestruooke _dstiekbci. Yea jkraha istratfkoa. upoodjjdes.'ie ceka&2>>;. 'Odesucta0 29 abrkc2>1?&. Hkspdekbci a 3mttp0//upodjjdes.upo.ihu/i"prkets/bktstriaj/2116/11>>8/1/ pdeieoka"jarod"sdstiekbkckhah.phg5

Ordwtmir, mkckp. Hiskfe gdr Hksassijbcy"Xmijis aeh prkeokpcis. Ievkrdejiet Hiskfe Fukhi.'ie ceka&2>>9 'Odesucta02> Hisijbri 2>12&. Hkspdekbci a 3mttp0//iprkets.qut.ihu.au/2===/1/Ordwtmir"RAKA"2>>9.^HG5

Ordwtmir, ^mkckp. Hiskfe gdr Hksassijbcy td riodvir ijbdhkih ieirfy. 'ie ceka&1;;; 'Odesucta0 2= Hisijbri 2>12&.Hkspdekbci a 3mttp0//iprkets.qut.ihu.au/2=87/1/Ordwtmir!2H^CIA1;;;.^HG5

Fuy y JoCiehde. Bukchkef Hiodestruotkde0 Riusi aeh Rioyockef dg Bukchkef Jatirkacs. 'ie ceka&2>>> 'Odesucta0 2>jakf 2>12&. Hkspdekbci a03 mttp0//www.rioyociohhibrks.odj/rohh/risdurois/hdoujiets/ osfriusirioyockef.phg5

Brauefart y JoHdedufm #2>>9, 1=7$Orahci td Orahci #hi ca ouea a ca ouea$. Odciooke Jo Fraw Mkcc.

Jaooarkek Wigafd, Cuks Mierkquis #2>11, ?72$Fistke hi riskhuds hi odestruooke y hijdckoke. Xutdrkzahd pdr ^rdg.Hr.@auji Aviccaeiha. Xisks hdotdrac.Yekvirsktat ^dcktoekoa hi Oatacueya. Guehaok dcktoekoa hi Oatacueya. Hkspdekbci3mttp0//upodjjdes.upo.ihu/maehci/1>=>?/=?7?;5

Brkae Ihwarhs #2>>9,21;$Fua bskoa hi ca sdstiekbkckhah. Odciooke FF

Lie [iaef #2>>>, 2;1$Ic rasoaokicds iodcfkod. Odciooke FF

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