DIRECT SPEECH (Kalimat Langsung)

AND

INDIRECT SPEECH / REPORTED SPEECH (Kalimat Tidak Langsung / Kalimat Laporan)

Good morning class !!!

How are you? Kita telah membahas verb (kata kerja) dalam Bahasa Inggris. Kali ini kita akan bahas mengenai penjelasan lengkap reported speech.

“Apa itu reported speech?” “Apa saja tipe reported speech dalam Bahasa Inggris?” “Bagaimana membuat reported speech tersebut?” Mari kita baca penjelasannya! PENJELASAN LENGKAP REPORTED SPEECH

Ada dua cara untuk menyampaikan apa yang seseorang katakan:

Direct : langsung (He said, “He goes to library.”), dan Indirect : tidak langsung (He said that he went to library). Penyampaian indirect umumnya disebut dengan reported speech. PENGERTIAN REPORTED SPEECH

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, kita menyebut reported speech sebagai kalimat

tidak langsung. Reported speech digunakan untuk melaporkan/menyampaikan kembali perkataan yang telah disampaikan oleh orang lain. Reported speech (atau indirect speech) umumnya menggunakan ‘say‘, ‘tell‘ dan ‘ask‘ sebagai reporting verbs : • She said that he went to Jakarta. • He told me to close the window. • She asked me where I would go.

JENIS – JENIS INDIRECT SPEECH / REPORTED SPEECH

1. REPORTED STATEMENTS

Reported statement adalah pernyataan yang dilaporkan. Dalam melaporkan

sebuah pernyataan dapat dilakukan di waktu sekarang (present) atau waktu lampau (past).

A. Reported Speech Dalam Bentuk Present

Menurut Thomson dan Martinet (1986: 269), reported speech dapat dikenalkan oleh reproting verbs (say/tell/ask) dalam bentuk present :

He says that …

Hal ini terjadi biasanya ketika kita melaporkan percakapan yang sedang berlangsung :

He says that we have to study hard.

Apabila reporting verb (say/tell/ask) tersebut dalam bentuk present, present

perfect atau future tense, kita dapat melaporkan peryataan langsung tanpa ada perubahan.

"I am very happy."

Present She says that she is very happy.

Present perfect She has said that she is very happy.

Future She will say that she is very happy.

Dari contoh di atas, kita melihat tidak terjadi perubahan tenses dalam reported speech, hanya saja berubahnya kata ganti (pronoun) I menjadi She. Perubahan kata ganti ini terjadi dalam setiap reported speech.

B. Reported Speech Dalam Bentuk Past

Umumnya reported speech dikenalkan oleh reproting verbs (say/tell/ask)

dalam bentuk past : He said that… Selanjutnya tejadi perubahan dalam Reported Speech tersebut.

Berikut adalah Perubahan Tenses :

Direct Speech

(kalimat langsung)

Reported Speech

(kalimat tidak langsung)

Present Simple

He said, "I buy an English book".

Past Simple

He said that He bought an English book.

Present Continuous

She said, "I am writing a letter".

Past Continuous

She said that she was writing a letter.

Past Simple

They told me, "We visited Borobudur

Temple".

Past Perfect

They told me that they had

visited Borobudur Temple.

Present Perfect

"I have met him", she told me.

Past Perfect

She told me that she had met him.

Past Perfect

"I had driven a car", he said.

Past Perfect

He said that he had driven a car.

Present Perfect Continuous

He said, "I have been

playing guitar".

Past Perfect Continuous

He said that he had been playing guitar.

Past Continuous

"I was cooking fried rice", she told

me.

Past Perfect Continuous

She told me that she had been

cooking fried rice.

Future

He said, "I will go to Bandung on

Saturday."

Conditional

He said that he would go to Bandung on

Saturday.

Future Continuous

"I will be sleeping at 10 pm", she

said.

Conditional Continuous

She said that she would be sleeping at

10 pm.