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1.Annaba a general view of the City

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2.Annaba Saint Augustines Church

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3.Annaba the Lighthouse

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5.Annaba a view of the Corniche

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IN THE NAME OF GOD THE COMPASSIONATE THE MERCIFUL Subject:*Historic Cities of Algeria. 5. ANNABA

The eastern port city of Annaba is the third largest city in Algeria; it lies620km east of Algiers the Capital and is an important industrial and shippingcentre, Annaba was first settled by Phoenicians as Hippo Regius allied withCarthage.

Hippo Regius was a haven for the Numidian kings until it became a Romancolony in 46BC after Numidia was annexed by Caesar, under Roman rule

Hippo Regius flourished commercially as it was also a centre for Christianityuntil it was sacked by Vandals during the 5th century.

Annaba was home to the famous Aurelius Augustinus, Augustine of Hippo,or Saint Augustine (November 13, 354 August 28, 430).

He was one of the most important figures of this ancient city and had muchcontributed in the development of Western Christianity, he is considered tobe one of the church fathers in Roman Catholicism and the AnglicanCommunion, he is a saint and pre-eminent Doctor of the Church, and thepatron of the Augustinian religious order, while many Protestants, especiallyCalvinists, consider him to be one of the theological fathers of Reformationteaching on salvation and grace.

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In Orthodox Churches he is considered blessed or even a saint by somewhile others are of the opinion that he is a heretic, primarily for his statementsconcerning what became known as the filioque clause.

Augustine of Hippo was born on the 13th November 354AD in Thagaste(present-day Souk- Ahras, Eastern-Algeria), a provincial Roman city in NorthAfrica as the eldest son of Saint Monica, he was educated in Africa andbaptized in Milan. His works include the Confessions, which is often calledthe first Western autobiography are still read around the world.

The Byzantines captured the city and rebuilt it during the 6th century, and

following the Muslim conquest of North Africa in the 7th century, the city ofAnnaba was built some 2km from Hippo Regius, which was pillaged andneglected by the Byzantines.

The French and during their occupation of Algiers in 1830 were repelled byAnnaba's citizens for two years, but the city finally fell in 1832, Annaba alsosheltered an operation base for allied forces during World War II , it was

heavily bombarded by the German air force during the winter of 1942-3.

The city of Annaba was known during the French occupation of Algeria(1830-1962) as Bne, it is presently a main Province of Algeria, a seaport onthe Mediterranean Sea, near the mouth of the Seybouse River. Thepicturesque old sector with narrow streets and bazaars remains, andexamples of modern French architecture stand alongside original nativebuildings.

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Annaba and during all the past governments impetus has flourishedsince then , Industrial areas include aluminium and chemical worksand motor and railway shops, Annaba is the principal harbour ofeastern Algeria and is a chief exporter of minerals on theMediterranean Sea .

After Algerias independence on the 05th of July 1962, many placenames changed or given by the French were arabicized, so it was

that Bne became Annaba. The citys population dipped following thewar as most people of European extraction immigrated to France, butAnnabas charms and attributes soon lured new citizens from acrossAlgeria. Today, Annaba has a population of over 450,000 and highlyregarded Annaba University has an enrollment of over 40,000students.

The port is still fully functional and the inland still fertile, resulting in athriving export trade and an unemployment rate lower than most ofAlgeria, Travelers will find that getting in and out of Annaba isrelatively easy, as the city is well served by road and rail links as wellas by air through the Rabah Bitat International Airport.

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MOHAMED BOKRETAFREELANCE WRITER &CULTURAL TOURISM [email protected]
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ANNABA