P DNG NHNG IU HC
(Page 280 282)
Nh hc trn, cc tin t - prefix: fore- mang ngha trc, u, mis- mang
ngha xu, sai, khng ng, over- v out- mang ngha hn, qu, nhiu hn mc ,
Vic ghi nh cc tin t ny gip ta d nh t vng v i lc an nhng t mi mt cch
chnh xc hn. Th gin xu vi bi tp bn di.
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Exercise 5: Change each of the following expressions to a single
word beginning with fore-, mis-, out-, or over-. The first answer
has been filled in as an example:
1. Seen beforehand _____ => Foreseen
2. Badly matched _____
3. Grown to excess_____
4. Use wrongly
_____
5. Cooked too much_____
6. Person beyond the law_____
7. Wrong interpretation_____
8. Doom beforehand_____
9. Ride faster than_____
10. Inform incorrectly_____
11. To cautious
_____
12. Bad calculation_____
13. Front feet (of a four-legged animal) _____
14. Too simplified
_____
15. Swim better than_____
16. Govern badly
_____
17. Stay too long
_____
18. One who runs before_____
19. Wrong statement_____
20. Shout louder than_____
Lm th nha:
2. Badly matched => Dng tin t mis- => mismatch
=> p n ng: Mismatched = Khng xng i
3. Grow to excess => Ch excess c ngha l qu mc -> Dng tin t
over - => Over grow
=> p n ng: Outgrown = qu ln, ln vt mc
4. Use wrongly => Dng tin t mis- => Misuse
=> p n ng: Misuse = S dng sai, s dng khng ng
5. Cooked too much => Dng tin t over- => Overcooked
=> p n ng: Overcooked = Nu qu chn
6. Person beyond the law => Dng tin t over- =>
=> p n ng: Outlaw = K sng ngai vng php lut
7. Wrong interpretation => Dng tin t mis- =>
Misinterpretation
=> p n ng: Misinterpretation = Gii thch sai, hiu sai
8. Doom beforehand => Dng tin t fore- => Foredoom
=> p n ng: Foredoom = Tin nh phi chu s phn bt hnh; tai ha,
cht.
C nh vy, da vo mt s yu t c sn thit lp mt t mi. ng sai th kim tra
t in sau.
9. Ride faster than
=> p n ng: Outride = Li nhanh hn
10. Inform incorrectly
=> p n ng: Misinform = Thng bo khng chnh xc
11. Too cautious
=> p n ng: Overcautious = Qu cn thn
12. Bad calculation
=> p n ng: Miscalculation = Tnh tan sai.
13. Front feet
=> p n ng: Forefeet = chn trc
14. Too simplified
=> p n ng: Oversimplified = Qu n gin ha, n gin ha qu mc
15. Swim better than
=> p n ng: Outswim = Li hn, bi gii hn
16. Govern badly
=> p n ng: Misgovern = Cai tr ti, d, km
17. Stay too long
=> p n ng: Outstay = li qu lu
18. One who runs before
=> p n ng: Forerunner = Ngi i u, i tin phong
19. Wrong statement
=> p n ng: Misstatement = Khng nh sai lc
20. Shout louder than
=> p n ng: Outshout = La ln hn.
Cn nguyn tc khi no dng out- khi no dng over- ca t mang ngha: qu,
hn, :
out-surpassing, exceedingoutperform
external, away fromoutbuilding, outboard
over-excessively, completelyoverconfident, overburdened,
overjoyed
upper, outer, over, aboveovercoat, overcast
Mc d c hai t ny u din t mt tnh cht no vt qu mc nhng khng c ngha
l ta c th dng out- thay cho over- c. Ni chung l nhn ci bng, tra t
in xong xui, khng bit nguyn tc dng 2 t ny l g lun T vng th hc thuc,
bit vy thi ^-^ :
Out-: - Surpassing (adjective): Vt hn, tri hn
- Exceeding (adjective): Vt tri, qu chng
- External (adjective): bn ngai
- Away from (adverb):Xa
Over-:- Excessively (adverb): Qu chng, qu ng
- Completely (adverb):Han tan, trn vn
- Upper (adjective):
Cao hn
- Outer (adjective):
pha ngoi
- Above (adverb):
trn, pha trn.
Cn mt bi tp ny cng th v lm. Mi ngi lm th. n li t mi lun:
Exercise 6: In the space provided, write the letter of the word
not related in meaning to the other words in each line.
1. (A) Ancestor(B) Forefather
(C) Descendant(D) Forebear
Meaning: (A) ng b(B) T ph(C) Con chu (D) T tin
2. (A) Outlived(B) Survived
(C) outlasted
(D) Outwitted
Meaning:
(A)Sng lu hn(B)Sng lu hn
(C)Tn ti lu hn(D)Thng minh hn
3. (A) Principal(B) Foremost
(C) Latest
(D) Chief
Meaning: (A) Chnh yu (B) Hng u (C) Mun nht (D) Chnh yu
4. (A) Misgiving(B) Blunder
(C) Foreboding(D) Presentiment
Meaning: (A) Lo u (B) Sai lm (C) im xu
(D) Linh cm
5. (A) Overcast(B) Overburden(C) Overload
(D) Overtax
Meaning:(A) Lm u m, my ph(B) Cht qua nng
(C) nh thu nng
(D) nh thu nng.
6. (A) Luck
(B) Foresight
(C) Prudence
(D) Forethought
Meaning: (A) May mn (B) Thy trc (C) Cn thn (D) Suy ngh trc
7. (A) Output
(B) Yield
(C) Surrender
(D) Product
Meaning: (A) Xut lng (B) Nng sut(C) u hng (D) Sn phm
8. (A) Misfortune (B) Mishap
(C) Mischance
(D) Mistrust
Meaning:
(A) Bt hnh
(B) iu khng may
(C) S khng may (D) Khng tin tng
9. (A) Overbearing (B) Beguiling
(C) Deluding
(D) Misleading
Meaning: (A) Kiu ngo
(B) nh la
(C) nh la
(D) Dn n ch sai, la gt
10. (A) Prediction(B) Prophecy
(C) Forecast
(D) Fortune
Meaning: (A) Tin an (B) Tin tri (C) Tin an (D) S phn
p n: 1-C, 2-D, 3-C, 4-B, 5-A, 6-A, 7-C, 8-D, 9-A, 10-D
