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APPAREIL URINAIRE EMBRYOLOGIE BIOLOGIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT Université Paris Diderot Faculté de Médecine L2 UE7 Fabien GUIMIOT [email protected]

APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

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Page 1: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

APPAREIL URINAIRE

EMBRYOLOGIE BIOLOGIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT

Université Paris Diderot Faculté de Médecine

L2 UE7

Fabien GUIMIOT [email protected]

Page 2: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Plan du cours

9 Origine des reins 9 Structures rénales primitives

� Le Pronéphros � Le mésonéphros

9 Le métanéphros (rein définitif) � Architecture � Divisions du système excréteur � Pyélon (bassinet) � Calices � Aspects moléculaires de la croissance du bourgeon urétéral � Développement des néphrons � Développement des glomérules � Répartition des tubes rénaux � Structure anatomique d’un néphron

9 Datation de l'âge gestationnel (compte des glomérules) 9 Migration rénale 9 Cloisonnement des voies urogénitales

Page 3: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Origine des reins

Le mésoblaste intra-embryonnaire intermédiaire

MI

MI MI

MP

LL

MI : Mésoblaste Intermédiaire MP: Mésoblaste Para-axial LL : Lames latérales

Foie

CI

Page 4: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Structures rénales primitives

3e – 4e semaines

4e – 8e semaines

5e semaine

Page 5: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Canal de Wolff

Métamérisation du Pronéphros et du Mésonéphros

Pronéphros Mésonéphros Métanéphros

Aorte

Allantoïde

Page 6: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Le Pronéphros

Structure transitoire : persiste pendant 24h - 48h

Canal de Wolff Tubes rénaux

Page 7: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

MESONEPHROS

Canal de Muller

Canal de Wolff

Tubes rénaux

Aorte

Capsule de Bowman

Veine cardinale postérieure

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J30

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J35

Mésonéphros

Métanéphros Métanéphros

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J35

Tubes rénaux

Canal de Wolff

Glomérule

Surrénale Crête génitale

Page 11: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Architecture du métanéphros

Corps en S Corps en virgule

Page 12: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivoA–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic kidney92. A, E11.5 kidneyat beginning of culture. GFP labels the ND and UB, which has branched once at this stage(“T-stage”), while the surrounding MM is invisible. B, at 10 hours of culture, the two UBtips have trifurcated to generate six tips (yellow stars). C–F, branching patterns at theindicated times. Orange stars in D and E indicate a lateral branch. G, Optical section of aUB tip at E11.5 (similar plane of section to the green dotted line in A). The kidney carriesHoxb7/myrVenus, a transgene encoding a membrane-bound fluorescent protein that revealsthe pseudostratified epithelium 94. H, Optical section of a branching UB tip at E14.5 (a

Costantini Page 30

Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 September 01.

NIH

-PA Author M

anuscriptN

IH-PA

Author Manuscript

NIH

-PA Author M

anuscript

15 générations de divisions

dichotomiques

(Costantini 2012)

Système excréteur

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Aspects moléculaires de la croissance du bourgeon urétéral

(Little et al., 2010)

Page 14: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

J40 METANEPHROS

Page 15: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Développement des néphrons

Capsule de Bowman

Coiffe : blastème métanéphrogène

Vésicule rénale

Page 16: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Développement centrifuge des

néphrons Médullaire rénale

Cortex rénal

Page 17: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

(Schell et al., 2014)

Développement des glomérules

Stade corps en S : 1. Sécrétion de VEGF-A par les

progéniteurs des podocytes 2. Attraction des cellules

endothéliales 3. Expression de PDGF-B par les

cellules endothéliales 4. Attraction des progéniteurs des

cellules mésengiales 5. Accolement des cellules

mésengiales aux cellules endothéliales induisant la formation de boucles des capillaires

Page 18: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Figure 1. Gross organization of the kidney, and development of the nephronA, Schematic diagram of the gross organization of the newborn mouse kidney, showing asingle nephron and associated collecting duct (black dotted box – see B for an enlargedview). The collecting ducts are the mature derivatives of the ureteric bud (UB), whoseimmature tips are located in the outer nephrogenic zone and continue to branch at this stage(blue dotted box). B, Enlarged diagram of components of the nephron. GL, glomerulus; BC,Bowman’s capsule; PT, proximal tubule; LH, loop of Henle; DT, distal tubule; CT,connecting tubule; CD, collecting duct. C–E, Stages of nephrogenesis and their relationshipto the ureteric bud tips. C, Metanephric mesenchyme cells first condense around the UB tipsto form the cap mesenchyme(CM). These CM cells are the stem cells that self renew andalso give rise to nephron epithelia. D, the CM cells first form aggregates (PA, pretubularaggregates) which convert into epithelial renal vesicles (RV). E, the RV fuses with the UBtip, and folds to form the comma-shaped body (CB); it continues to develop into an S-shaped body (SB), different regions of which begin to differentiate into segments of themature nephron (BC, PT, DT, and CT). EC, endothelial cells entering the glomerular cleft toform the glomerular tuft of capillaries.

Costantini Page 22

Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 September 01.

NIH

-PA Author M

anuscriptN

IH-P

A Author Manuscript

NIH

-PA Author M

anuscript

(Costantini 2012)

Répartition des tubes rénaux

Agrégats Pré-tubulaires

Vésicule Rénale

Coiffe Mésenchymateuse Corps en

Virgule Corps en S

Ebauche Urétérale

Page 19: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Structure anatomique d’un néphron

Page 20: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

10 SA

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16 SA

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24 SA Tubes contournés

proximaux

Tubes contournés distaux

Glomérule

Page 23: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Datation de l’âge gestationnel fœtal

Compte des glomérules matures par rangée : - 1 à 2 glomérules : 17-18 SA - 2 à 3 glomérules : 20-21 SA - 3 à 4 glomérules : 24-25 SA - 4 à 5 glomérules : 28-29 SA - 6 à 7 glomérules : 32-33 SA - 7 à 8 glomérules : 36-37 SA

A terme entre 9 et 10 glomérules matures

Au total, entre 900000 et 1,6 million de glomérules

dans un rein de nouveau-né = rein adulte

Page 24: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

Migration Surrénales

Mésoblaste intermédiaire

Rein

Gonade

Vessie

Page 25: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

5ème semaine

CLOISONNEMENT DU CLOAQUE

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7ème semaine

SINUS URO-GENITAL

Plis de Ratke

Pli de Tourneux = Septum urorectal

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URETERES

VESSIE Canal de Wolff

Uretères

Uretères

Canal de Wolff

Page 28: APPAREIL URINAIRE ENDOCRINOLOGIE ET CROISSANCE FŒTALES · Figure 6. Ureteric bud branching in organ culture and in vivo A–F, UB branching during culture of a Hoxb7/eGFP transgenic

URETRE