Appendix a - Abbreviations

7/28/2019 Appendix a - Abbreviations

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p en, .0Abbrevia t ions

acetal ( see PO M )A amper eAA acrylic acidAAE Am er ican Assoc . o f Engineer sAAES Am erican Assoc. of

Eng ineer ing Socie ti esAA R Am er ican Assoc ia t ion of

Rai l roadsAB C acrylonit r ile- butad iene-s tyre neABR polyacry la teABS acrylontr ile- butad iene-s ty reneAC a l t e rna t ing cur ren tAC cel lulose acetateACE S Accura te C lear Epoxy SolidACS Am er ican Chem ica l Soc ietyA C T C A d v a n c ed C o m p o s i t e

T e c h n o l o g y C o n s o r t iu mad adhes iveAD C a l ly l d iglyco l carbonate ( a l s o s e e

CA-B9)A E C A t omi c E ne r gy C om mi s s i onA F C M A A l u m i n u m F o il C o n t a in e r

M anufac turer ' s Assoc .A FM A A mer i can Fu r n i t u r e

M anufac turer ' s Assoc .AF M L Air Force Mater ial Lab ora toryAFPA Am er ican Fores t & Paper

ASSOC.A F PR A s soc. o f Foam Packag ing

RecyclersAGMA Amer ican Gear Mfgrs . Assoc .AI art if icial intell igenc e

A I A A u t om a t ed I mag i ng A s soc.AIAA Amer ican Ins t i tu te o f

Aeronaut ics & As t ronautsA I C hE A m er ican I n s ti t u te o f

Chemica l Engineer sAIM CA L Assoc . o f Indus t r ia l

Metal l izers , Coaters & LaminatorsAISI Amer ican I ron and S tee lIns t i tu teA M A A m e ri ca n M a n a g e m e n t

Associat ionA M B A A mer i can M ol d B u il de rs

Assoc.A M C a lk yd m o l d i n g c o m p o u n dA M W aver age mo l ecu la r w e i gh tAN acryloni t r i leA N SI A m er ican N a t i ona l S t andar dsIns t i tuteA N T E C A nnua l T echn i ca l C onf e r ence(spE)AP C Am er ican P last ics Coun ci lA P E T amo r phous po l yet hy lene

te rephtha la teAP F Assoc. o f Plastics Fab ricatorsAP I Al liance for the Polyu rethan e

I ndus t r yAPI Am er ican Paper Ins t i tu teA P M an t ipe r s onne l mi neA PM E Assoc. of Plast ics

M anu f ac tu r e r s in E u r opeA P PR A ss oc . o f Pos t - cons umer

Plastics Recyclers


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A p p e n d i x A 9 A b b r e v ia t io n s 4 8 1

A Q L a c c e p ta b l e q u a l it y l ev e lA P C A m e r i c a n P la st ic s C o u n c i lA R a r a m i d f ib e rA R aspec t r a t ioAR P advan ced r e in fo rced p last icASA Acry lon i t r il e - s ty reneac ry lateASA P as soo n as poss ib leA S C I I A m e r ic a n S t a n d a r d C o d e f o r

I n f o r m a t i o n E x c h a n g eA S M A m e r i c a n S o c i et y f o r M e t a l sA S M E A m e r ic a n S o c ie ty o f

M e c h a n i c a l E n g i n e e r sA S N D T A m e r ic a n S o c ie ty f o r N o n -

Des t ruc t ive Tes t ingA S Q A m e r i c a n S o c i e ty f o r Q u a l i t yA S Q C A m e r i c a n S o c i e ty f o r Q u a l i t y

C o n t r o lAssoc. associa t ionA S T M A m e r i c a n S o c i et y f o r T e s t i n g

Mater ia lsa t w t a t o m i c w e i g h ta t m a t m o s p h e r eA T R a t t e n u a t e d to t a l r e fl e c ta n c eA W a re a l w e i g h tbb l ba r r e lB D I B i o d e g r a d a b l e P r o d u c t s I n s t i t u teB F R L B u i l d i n g & F ir e R e s e a r c hL a b o r a t o ry ( N I S T )B h n B r in e ll h a r d n e s s n u m b e rB M b l ow m o l d i n gB M C b ulk m o l d i ng c o m p o u n dBO b iax ia l ly -o r i en tedBOPP b iax ia l ly -o r i en ted

p o l y p r o p y l e n eB P I B i o d e g r a d a b l e P r o d u c t s I n s t i t u t eb p b o i l in g p o i n tB R b u t a d i e n e r u b b e rB R p o l y b u t a d i e n eBSI Br i ti sh S tandard s Ins t i tu teB t u B r it is h t h e r m a l u n i tB u n a p o l y b u t a d i e n eB u t y l b u t y l r u b b e rC c a r b o nC Cels iusc cent i (1 0 -2)

C Ce n t ig rad e (p re fe rence Ce l s ius )C c o m p o s i t eC c o u l o m bCa ca lc iumCA cel lu lose aceta teC A A C l e a n A i r A c tCAB ce l lu lose ace ta te bu ty ra teC a C O 3 c a lc iu m c a r b o n a te (l im e )C A D c o m p u t e r - a i d e d d e s ig nC A E c o m p u t e r - a i d e d e n g i n e e ri n gC A M c o m p u t e r - a i d e d m a n u f a c t u ri n gC A M P U S c o m p u t e r - a i d e d m a t e r i a l

p r e s e l e c ti o n b y u n i f o r m s t a n d a rd sCA N ce l lu lose ace ta te n i t r a t eCA P ce l lu lose ace ta te p ro p io na teCAS Che m ica l Ab s t r ac t Se rv ice ,

d iv is ion o f ACSCAS clean a i r so lven tC A T c o m p u t e r - a id e d t e s ti n gC B A c h e m i c a l b l o w i n g a g e n tC B T c o m p u t e r - b a s e d t ra i n in gC C A cel lu lar ce l lu lose aceta teC C V C h r y s l e r c o m p o s i t e s v e h ic leC D c o m p a c t d i sk ( d is c )C E M C o n s o rz i o E x p o r t M o u l d ex

(I ta l ian)C F A C o m p o s i t e s F a b r i ca t o rs A s so c .C F C c h l o r o f l u o r o c a r b o nC F E C A C a l if o rn i a F i l m E x t r u d e r s

a n d C o n v e r t e r s A s s o c ia t io nC F E p o l y c h l o r o t r i f l u o r o e t h y l e n eC I M c o m p u t e r i n te g r at e d

m a n u f a c t u r i n gC L T E c o e ff ic i en t o f l in e a r t h e r m a l

expans ionc m c e n t i m e t e rC M c o m p r e s s io n m o l d i n gC M A C h e m i c a l M f g r s. A s so c .C M R A C h e m i c a l M a r k e t in g R e s ea rc h

Assoc.C N ce l lu lose n i t r a t e (ce l lu lo id )C N C c o m p u t e r n u m e ri ca ll y

c o n t r o l l e dC O c a rb o n m o n o x i d eC O p o l y e p i c h l o r o h y d r i nC O 2 c a r b o n d i o x id eCP Ca nad ian P last ic s


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48 2 Plastics Engineered P roduct DesignCP cellu lose prop ionateCP AC Ce nter for Process AnalyticalC h e m i s t ryCP E ch lo r ina ted po lye thy leneCP ET ch lo r ina ted po lye thy lene

te reph tha la t eCP I Ca nadian Plas tics Inst i tu tec p m c y c l e s / m i n u t eC P S C C o n su m e r P ro d u c t s S a fe ty

C o m m i s s i o nC PU cen tra l p rocess ing un i tCP VC chlor inated polyvinyl chlor ideC R c h lo r o p re n e r u b b e rC / R c o m p re s si o n r at ioC R- 39 a l ly l d ig lycol carbon ateC RP carbo n re inforced p las ticsC R T c a t h o d e r ay t u b eCS chlor inated solventCSA Canad ian S tandard Assoc.CSI con t ro l syst em in t eg ra t ionCS M chlorosul fonyl polyethyleneCT ca rbon t e trach lo rideCTFE ch lo ro t r i f luo re thy leneCV coeff ic ient of var ia tiond den ie r (p re fe r red D E N )d densi ty2 -D t w o d i m e n si o ns3-D th ree d imens ionsD d iamete rD A IP dial lyl isoph thalateD A P dial lyl ph thalateDA S data acquis i tion systemdB decibelD C d i re c t c u r r e n tden den ie rD D R d r a w - d o w n r ati oD E H P d i -e thy lhexy l ph tha la teDGA different ial gravimetric analysisD I N D e u ts c h es I n st u t, N o r m u n g(G e rm a n S t an d a rd s C o m m i ss i on )D IN P d i - isonony l ph tha la teD M A dynam ic mechanical analysisD M C d o u g h m o l di ng c o m p o u n dD N D e s i g n N e w s p u b li c at io nD N A deoxyr ibonuc le ic ac idD O D D e p a r t m e n t o f D e fe ns e

D O E D e p a r t m e n t o f E n e rg yD O E D e s i g n o f Ex p e r im e n t sd p d e w p o i n tdP different ial pressu reD P degree o f po lymer i za t ionD SC di fferentia l scanning calor imeterD SD Dua les Sys tem Deu t sch land(Ge rm an Recyc ling Sys tem)D SQ Germ an Society fo r Qua l i tyDTA different ial thermal analysisD T G A d if ferent ia l t he rmograv im et r i canalysisD TM A d y n am i c t h e rm o m e c h a n ic a l

analysisD T U L d e fl ec ti on t e m p e ra t u re u n d e rload

D V des ign va lueDV devola t i l iza t ionD V D Dig ital Versati le DiscD V R dimensional velocity researchD V R des ign va lue resourceD V R D o m i n ic k V i n c e n t R o sa t oD V R D o n a l d V i n c en t R o s a toD V R D r e w V i n c en t R o s a toD V R D r u c k v e r f o r m u n g s r e s t( c o m p re ss io n s e t / G e rm a n )DVR dynamic va lue resea rchD V R dynamic velocity ra t ioE e longa t ionE m odu lus o f e las tic ity or Yo ung 'sm o d u l u sE c mo du lus , c reep (apparen t )E r m odu lus , re laxationE s mo du lus , secantEB M e x t ru s io n b l o w m o l d i n gE C ethyl cel luloseE C E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t yEC TF E p o l y e t h y l e n e -

chlorot r i f luoroethyleneE D C endocr ine -d i s rup t ing chemica lE D M elect rical d ischarge m achiningE/E e l ec t ron ic / e l ec t r i ca lE E C E u r o p e a n E c o n o m ic

C o m m u n i t yEI m o d u l u s t im e s m o m e n t o f i n er ti a(equal stiffness)


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A p p e n d i x A 9 A b b r e v i a ti o n s 4 8 3

EM C e lec t rom agne t i c compat ibi li tyEM I e l ec t rom agne t i c in te r fe renceEM S e n v i ro n m e n t a l m a n a g e m e n tsystemEO e thy lene ox ide (al so E tO )E O T e thy lene e the r po lysu lf idcEP epoxyEP e thy lene-p ropy leneEP A En v i ro n m e n t a l P ro t e c t io n

A g e n c yEP D M e th y le n e p ro p y le n e d ie n em o n o m e rEPE expandab le po lye thy leneEP M e thy lene p ropy lene f luo r ina tedEPP expandab le po lypropy leneEP R e th y le n e p ro p y le n e ru b b e rEPS expandable polystyreneER r ' en te rp r i se resource p l ann ingESC envi ro nm ental s tress crackingES CR env i ronmenta l s tress c rack ingresistanceES D elect rosta t ic safe d ischargeET ethylene polysulf ideET FE e thy lene t e ra fluo roe thy leneET O e thy lene ox ideEU e n t ro p y u n i tE U E u r o pe a n U n i o nE U PC Eu ropea n Assoc . o f P lastic sConver t e rsE U P E E u r o p e a n U n i o n o f P a c ka g in g

& E n v i r o n m e n tEu ro Eu ro p e a n c u r r en c yE U R O M A P E u r o p e a n C o m m i t t e e o fMach ine Manufac tu re rs fo r t heRubber & Plast ics Indust r ies(Zurich , Swi tzer land)EVA ethylene-vinyl aceta teE/W AC e thy lene /v iny l ace ta t ec o p o l y m e rEVAL ethylene-vinyl a lcoholc o p o l y m e r ( t r a d e n a m e fo r EV O H )EV E ethylene v inyl e therE V O H e thy lene-v iny l a l coho l

copo lymer (o r EVAL)EX ex t rus ionF coefficient of frict ion

F Fahrenhe i tF FaradF forceF A L L O F o ll ow A L L O p p o r t u n i ti e sFBF F i lm and Bag Federa t ion o f SPIFC fuzzy con t ro lFDA fini te difference analysisF D A F o o d & D r u g A d m i n i st ra ti o nFEA fini te element analysisFEP f luo r ina ted e thy lene-p ropy leneFFS form , fil l , & sealFL C fuzzy log ic con t ro lFM C T fusibl e me ta l co re t echno logyFP C f lexib le pr in te d c i rcuitfpm fee t pe r m inu teFR f l ame re t a rdan tFR CA F i re Re ta rda n t Chemica lsAssoc.FR P f iber re inforced p las ticFR TP f ibe r re in fo rced the rmoplas ti cFRTS f ibe r re in fo rced the rm ose tFS factor of safetyFS fluorosi l iconeft feetFT IR Four i e r t rans fo rmat ion in fra redFV frict ional force x veloci tyg gramG g i g a ( 1 0 6 )G gravityG sh ea r m o d u l u s (m o d u l u s o frigidi ty)G to rs iona l m odu lusG A IM gas ass is ted in jec t ion mo ldinggal gal lonGB gigabyte (b i l l ion bytes)G C g as c h ro m a t o g ra p h yG D & T g e o m e tr ic d i m e n si o ni n g &to le ranc ingG D P G ro ss D o m e s t ic P ro d u c tG F glass fiberG FR P glass fiber reinfo rced plast icgpm ga llons pe r m inu teG M P g o o d m a n u fa c t u r in g pra ct ic e( s e e Q S R )G M T g lass ma t re in fo rced

thermoplast ic


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4 8 4 Plastics Eng ineered P roduc t DesignGN P g ro s s n a ti o na l p ro d u c t (G DPrep laced GNP in US 1993fol low ing res t o f wo rld)GOR gr i l l open ing re in fo rcementGP genera l purposeG Pa giga PascalGP C g el p e rme a t io n c h ro ma to g ra p h ygpd g rams pe r den ie rG PE C Globa l P last ic s Env i ronm enta lConfe renceGP PS genera l purpo se polystyrenegr gra inGR -S polybu tadiene- s tyreneG R P glass re inforced plas ticGSC gas so lid ch rom atographyGW P g loba l warm ing po ten t ia lh h o u rH en tha lpyH hysteresisH 2 h y d ro g e nHA hydroxyapa t i teH AF h igh abras ion fu rnaceH A P hazardous a ir po l lu tan tH B Br ine ll ha rdness num berHB SE Hazard-B ased Safe tyEngineer ingHCF C h y d ro c h lo ro f lu o ro c a rb o nHC1 hydro gen ch lo rideH D B K h a n d b o o kH D PE h igh dens ity po lye thy lene( P E - H D )H D T h e a t d e fl ec ti on t e mp e ra tu reH IC H o u s e h o ld a n d In d u st ri alchemicalsH IPS h igh impac t po lysty reneH M C h i g h s t re n g th m o l d i n gc o m p o u n dH M I h u m a n ma c h in e i nt er fa c eH M W - H D P E h i gh m o le c ula r w e i gh t-h igh densi ty polyethyleneH 2 0 w a t e rH-P Hagen-Po iseu i l leH P L C h igh p ressu re l iqu idc h ro ma to g ra p h yH P M h o t p r es s ure mo ld in gH R C hardness Rockwell C (C sca le )

HT S h ig h t e mp e ra tu r es u p e rc o n d u c to rhyg hygroscopeH z H er tz (cyc les)I integralI m o m e n t o f i n er ti aIB isobutyleneIBC in te rna l bubb le coo lingIBM in jec t ion b low m old ingIBM In te rna t iona l Bus iness M ach inesIC Indus t ria l Co m put ing pub l ica tionIC M in jec t ion-compress ion m old ingID in te rna l d iamete rIEC In te rna t iona l Elec trochemicalCo mmis s io nIEE E Inst i tu te of e lec trical &Electronics EngineersIGA isothermal gravimetric analysisIG C inverse gas ch rom atographyI IE Ins t i tu te o f Indus t ria l Eng ineersI IR i sobu tene- i soprcneIKV Inst i tu te for Plas tics Process ing,Aachen , Germanyin. inchInTech Ins t rum enta t ion , Sys tems , andA utom at ion Soc ie ty pub l ica t ionipm inch pe r m inu teIM in jec t ion m old ingIM M in je c ti o n mo ld in g ma c h ineIMP S impac t po lysty renein. inchInT ech ISA publ ica t ionI / O i n p u t / o u t p u tIO M In s ti tu t e o f M e d ic in eips inch per secondIR in f ra redIR synthet ic polyisoprene (synthet icna tu ra l rubber )ISA Ins t rum enta t ion , Sys tems , &A u t o m a t i o nISO In te rna t iona l S tandard iza tionOrgan iza t ion o r In te rna t iona lOrgan iza t ion fo r S tandard iza tionISSN Internat ion al S tandard Ser ia lN u m b e rIT in fo rmat ion techno logy


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I U PA C I n t e rna t i ona l U n i on o f Pu r eand A pp l i ed C hem i s tr yIV intr insic viscosityIVD in vi t ro diagno s t icJ joule~ S po l a r m om en t o f i ne rt iaJapanese Indus t r ia l StandardJ IT jus t - in - t imeJIT jus t - in- toleranceJSR Japanese SBRJSW Japan Steel W orksJUSE Japanese U nio n of Sc ience &

E ng i nee r i ngJ W T E J apan W ea t he ri ng T es t C en t e rk kilo (prefix for 106)K bulk mod ulus o f e last ic i tyK coeff ic ient of therm al condu ct ivi tyK K e M nK Kunsts tof fe (plas t ic in German)KB ki lobyte (1000 bytes)kc kilocyclekg ki logramKISS keep it sho r t & s impleKISS keep i t s imple & safeKISS keep i t s imple s tupidK K t hous andKm ki lometerK O k n o c k o u tkPa kiloPascalks i thousand pounds per square inch(psi x 10 3)1 l engthL l i tre (US A li ter) for fluids onlyl b p o u n dl b f pound- f o r ceL C l iqu i d ch r om a t og r aphyL C D l iquid crys tal displayL C D l ow e s t c o m m o n d ia m e t e rL C M S l iqu i d ch r om a t og r aphy mass

spectroscopyLC P l iqu id crystal po lym erL / D l eng t h - t o - d iam e t e r ( ra t io )LD PE low dens i ty po lye thy lene (PE-

L D )

L E D l igh t - emi t ti ng d i odeL E P L i gh t - E m i t ti ng Po l ymerL I M l iq u id i m p i n g e m e n t m o l d i n gLI M l iqu id in jec tion m old ingliq l iquidLL D PE l inear low dens i typolye thy lene ( a l so PE-LLD)l m l umenL M D PE l i nea r med i um dens i t y

polye thy leneLN G l iquef ied na tura l gasL O I loss on ign i t ionL O X l iqu i d oxygenLP G l iquef ied pe t ro leu m gasL PM l ow p r es s ur e mo l d i ngLS R l iqu id si li cone rubb erm mat r ixm m etal locene (catalyst )m me t e rm p microm il limeter ; mi l l icron;

0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 m mmm mi l l imeter}am micrometerM m e g aM mil l ionM b b e n d in g m o m e n tM A male ic anhydr ideM A mass spec t roscopyM A D mean abso l u te dev ia t ionM A D mo l d i ng a rea d i ag ramM BTS benzoth iazy l d i su l fideM-class Elas tomer ; s ee Table B- 1M D mach i ne d i rec t ionM D mean dev ia t ionM D & D I M e d i c a l D e v i c e &

Diagnos t i c Indus t ry publ ica t ionM D I me t hane d ii socyana teM D P E m ed i um densi ty po l ye t hy leneM e meta l locene ca ta lys tM E K me t hy l e thy l ke t oneM F me l ami ne f o rma l dehydemf g manuf ac t u r i ngM FI me l t f low i ndexMfr . manufac turerM FT man ufac turers fo r f air t r ademg mi l l ig ram


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4 8 6 Plastics Eng ineered P roduc t Designp m m i c r o m e t e rm g m i l l i g r a mm H D P E m e t a l l o c e n e H D P E

( d i ff e r e n t m / p l a s t i c s s u c h a s m P S ,mPP , e tc . )

M I m e l t i n de xm i m i l em i k e m i c r o i n c h ( i 0 . 6 i n .)m i l o n e t h o u s a n d o f i n c h ( I 0 . 6 i n .)M I M m e t a l p o w d e r i n je c ti o n m o l d i n gm i n m i n i m u mm i n m i n u t eM I P S m e d i u m i m p a c t p o ly s ty r en eM I T M a s s a c h u se t ts I n s t i tu t e o f

T e c h n o l o g yml mil l i l i te rm L L D P E m e t a l lo c e n e ca ta ly st

L L D P EM M b i l l i o nM M P m u l t im a t e r ia l m o l d i n g o r

m u l t im a t e r i a l m u l t i p r o c es sM O m o l e c u l a r o r i en t a t io nM P M o d e r n P l as ti cs p u b l i c a t io nM P a m e g a - P a sc a l ( 1 0 6 Pascal)m P E m e t a l lo c e n e p o l y e t h y le n eM R P M A M a la ys ia n R u b b e r P r o d u c t s

M a n u f a c t u r e r s ' A s so c .M s i m i l l io n p o u n d s p e r s q u a re in c h(psi x 10 6)M S W m u n i c i p a l s o li d w a s t eM V D m o l d i n g v o l um e d ia g ra mM V T m o i s t u r e v a p o r t r an s m i s s io nM M b i l l i o nM W m o l e c ul ar w e i g h tM W D m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t d i s tr i b u ti o nM W R m o l d in g w i th r o ta t io nN N a n o ( 1 0 -9 )N N e w t o n ( fo r ce )N n u m b e r o f c yc le sN 2 n i t r o g e nN A C E N a t i o n a l A ss oc . o f C o r r o s i o n

E n g i n e e r sN A C O N a t i o n a l A s so c. o f

C A D / C A M O p e r a t i o nN A G S N o r t h A m e r i ca G e o s y n th e t ic s

Soc ie ty

N A M N a t i o n a l A s so c . o fM a n u f a c t u r e r sN A S N a t i o n a l A c a d e m i e s o f S c ie n c eN A S A N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s S p a ce

A d m i n i s t r a t i o nN B R b u t a d i e n e a c r y lo n t ri leN B S N a t i o n a l B u r e a u o f S t a n d a r d s

( s i n c e 1 9 8 0 s r e n a m e d N a t i o n a lI n s t i t u t e S t a n d a r d s & T e c h n o l o g yo r N I S T )

N C n u m e r i ca l c o n t r o lN C P Na t iona l Cer t if i ca t ion in P las ti csN D E n o n d e s t ru c t iv e e v a lu a ti o nN D I n o n d e s t r u c t i v e i n s p e c t io nN D T n o n d e s t ru c t iv e t e st in gN E A T N o t h i n g E ls e A d d e d T o itN E M A N a t i o n a l E l e ct ri c al

M a n u f a c t u r e r s A s so c .N E N D u t c h s ta n d a rdN e S S I n e w s a m p l i n g / s e n s o r i n it ia ti v eN F P A N a t i o n a l F i re P r o t e c t i o n

Assoc.N I S O N a t i o n a l I n f o r m a t i o nS t a n d a r d s O r g a n i z a t i o n

N I S T N a t i o n a l I n s t i tu t e o f S t a n d a r d s& T e c h n o l o g yn m n a n o m e t e rN M M A N a t io n a l M a r in e

Manufac tu re r s Assoc .N M R n u c l ea r m a g n e t i c r e so n a n c eN O S n o t o t h e r w i s e s p ec if ie dN P C M N a t i o n a l P la sti cs C e n t e r &

M u s e u mN PE Na t iona l P last ic s Ex h ib i t ion

(SPI )N P F C N a t i o n a l P u b li c at io n s & F o r m s

C e n t e r ( U S A g o v ' t )N R n a t u r a l r u b b e r (p o l y i so p r e n e )N R T L N a t io n a ll y R e c o g n i z e d T e s ti n g

L a b o r a t o r yN S C N a t i o n a l S a fe ty C o u n c i lN S T N a t i o n a l S a fe ty C o u n c i lN T M A N a t io n a l T o o l & M a c h i n i ng

Assoc.N W P C A N a t i o n a l W o o d e n P a l l e t &

C o n t a i n e r A s so c .n y l o n (seePA)


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A p p e n d i x A 9 A b b r e v ia t io n s 4 8 7

T ab l e B -1 AST M D 1418 e las tomer te rm i no logyThe ASTM standardized term inology system classi fy ing a l l forms of e lastomer ic m ater ia ls basedupon the chem ical com posi t ion of the polymer 's backbone chain.The "M" Class CIIRThese e lastomers have saturated m ain polymer CRchains and are usu al ly prepared from ethylene IIRor v inyl type mon om ers conta in ing one double IRband. NBRACM

AN MCMCFMCS MEPDM

EPMFKM

Copolymers of an acry late and a smal lam ount o f o ther monom er wh ich NCRprovides v ulcanizabi l i tyCopo lymers f an acry late and NIRacrylonitri le NRChloro-polyethylene PBRPo ych oro -tr i f l uo ro-ethylen eChloro-sulfonly-polyethyleneTerpolymers of ethylene, propylene anda nonconjugated d iene which resul ts in SBRpend ant unsa turation (not in the m ain SCRchain] SIRCopolymers of ethylene and propylene XA po lymer w i th a sa tu ra ted m a in cha inwi th subst i tuents of f luorine,perfluoroalkyl , or perfluouroalkoxy

The "0" ClassThese e lastome rs have oxygen in the m ain chain.CO Po lyep ich lo rohydr inECO Copo l ymero f e thy lene ox ide and

epichlorohydrinG PO Copo l ymerof propylene oxide and a l ly lglycidyl ether

The "R" ClassThese elastom ers co nta in unsa turation in them ain chain. The letter imm ediately before the"R" designates the conjugated d iene wh ich isused in i ts sy nthesis (excep t na tura l rubber.)ABR Copo l ymerof acrylate and butadieneBI IR Co po l ym er f b romo i sobu tene and

isopreneBR Po lybu tad iene

PSBR

Copolymer of ch loro isobutene andisoprenePolychloropreneCopolymer of isobutene and isoprenePolyisoprene (synthetic o nly)Cop olyme r of acrylon itri le andbutadieneCopolymer of acrylonitr i le andchloropreneCop olymer of acrylonitr i le and isopreneNatural Rubber (poly-cis- isoprene)Copolymer of v inyl pyr id ine andbutadieneCopolymer of v inyl pyr id ine, styrene andbutadieneCopolymer of styrene and butadieneCopolymer of styrene and chloropreneCop olyme r of styre ne and isoprenePrefix indicated carbox yl subs ti tution

The "O" ClassThese elastom ers have si l icone in the m ainchain. Pref ixes indicate the fo l lowing types ofsubst i tu t ion:M - m e t hy lV - v inylP - pheny lF - f luorineThe "U" ClassElastomers wi th carbon, n it rogen and oxyg en inthe m ain chain - typ ical ly polyurethanes:AU - Polyester based polurethanesEU - Polyethe r based polurethan es

"Y" DesignationThe "Y" prefix indicates a therm oplastic rubbe rwhich requires no vulcanization


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4 8 8 Plastics Eng ineered P roduc t Design0 2 o x y g e nO3 ozoneO CF Owe n s Co m in g F ie re gl asO D ou ts ide d iamete rO EM o r ig in a l e q u ip me n tmanufac tu re rO PE T or ien ted po lye thy leneterephthala teOP S or iented polystyreneO SH A Occupa t iona l Safety & He a l thAdmin is t ra t ionoz ounce%vol percentag e by volum e (prefervol%)%wt percentage by w eight (preferwt%)p pico (prefix for 10-12)P loadP poiseP pressurePa PascalPA polyamide (nylon)PA 6 polyam ide 6 (nylon 6)PAA polyaryl amidePAI polyamide- imidePAN polyacrylonitri lePB polybutylenePBA physical b lowing agentPBI po lybenz imidazo lePB N A phenyl- b-naphthylaminePB T polybutylene terephthala tePC perme abi l i ty coeffic ientPC persona l com pute rPC plastic com positePC p last ic com poun dingPC plas t ic-concre tePC po lycarbona tePC pr in ted c ircui tPC process controlPC program mab le c ircui tPC program mab le con t ro l lerPCB polychlor inated b iphenylPCB pr in ted c ircui t boardPCE perch lo roe theneP C R p o s t -c o n s u me r re sinpcf poun ds pe r cub ic foo t

PCFC po lych lo ro f luorocarbonPCTFE po lych lo ro t r i f luoroe thy lenePD FM Plas tics Dis tr ibutors &Fabrica tors M agazinePDL Plas t ics Design Librarypubl ica t ionPE plastic engineerPE Plast ics Eng ineer ing M agazinePE po lyethy lene (UK po ly thene)PE professional engin eerPECTFE Po lye thy lenechlorotr i f luoroethylenePEEK po lye the re the rke tonePE EL po lye ther e s te rPEI po lye the r imidePE K po lye the r ke tonePEKK po lye the r ke tone ke tonePE N polyethylene naphthala tePES polyether sulfonePE T polyethylene terephthala tePE TG po lye thylene te reph tha la teglycolPEX polyethylene crosslinked ( s e eX L P E )PF pheno l fo rmaldehydePFA perf luoroalkoxy (copolymer ofte t raf luoroethylene &perfluorovinylethers)PFBA polyperf luorobutyl acrylatePH F Plas tics Hal l of Fam e

phr pa r ts pe r hund red o f rubberp i ~ = 3 .141593PI polyimidePIA Plastics Insti tu te of Am ericaPID proport ional- in tegra l-d if ferent ia lcontrolPIM powder in jec t ion mold ingPL AS TE C Plas tics TechnicalEva lua tion Cen te r (US Arm y)PLC programm able log ic con t ro lle rpL ED po lymer ic l igh t -emi t t ingdiodePLT A Plas tics Lu m ber Trade Assoc.P M C p o ly e st er mo ld in g c o m p o u n d(TS)PM M A Plas tics M olders &Manufac tu re rs A ssoc. (o f SME)


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PM M A po lymethy l me thacry la te(acrylic)P M M I P a c ka g in g M a c h in e ryManufacturers Ins t i tu tePO polyolef inPO E polyolef in e las tomerPO M po lyoxymethy lene o r po lyacetal(acetal)PO SS polyhedral o l igomericsilsesquioxanesPP polypropylenePPA po lyph tha lamideppb parts per bil lionPPC po lyph tha la te ca rbona tePPE po lypheny lene e the rpph pa r ts pe r hun dredppm par ts per mil l ionppm v par ts pe r mi ll ion by vo lumeppm wt pa r ts pe r mi l lion by we igh tPPO po lypheny lene ox idePPPS polyphenylene sulf ide sulphonePPS polyph enylene sulfidePPSF polyphenylsulfonePPSU po lypheny lene su lphonePP V C plasticized polyvinyl chloridePR publ ic re la t ionPS polystyrenePSB polystyrene butadiene rubb er(GR-S, SBR)psf pound s pe r square foo tPS-F polystyrene-foamPSF polysulphonepsi pounds per square inchPSI Po lymer Search on In te rne tpsia pou nds pe r square inch, absolutepsid pounds per square inch,differentialps ig pounds per square inch, gauge(above a tmosp her ic pressure)PSU polysulfonePT Plast ics Tech nology publ ica t ionPT Plastics To olbo xPTFE po ly te t ra f luoroe thy lene (o rT F E )PTV pressure - tempera tu re -vo lumePU F po lyure thane foamPUR po lyure thane (a l so PU, UP)

P-V pressure-volume (a lso PV)PV pressure-velocityPVA Polyvinyl alcoholPVAC polyvinyl acetatePVB polyvinyl butyralPV C polyvinyl chloridePV D physical vapor deposi t ionPVDA polyvinyl idene aceta tePV D C polyvinyl idene chlor idecopo lymerPV D F polyvinyl idene f luoridePV F polyvinyl f luoridePV P polyvinyl pyrro lidon ePVT pressure -vo lume- tempera tu re(also P-V -T or pvT )PW Plas tics W orld m agazine (199 7became M old ing Systems o f SM E,etc.)Q A quality assuranceQ C qua li ty con t ro lQ M C q u ic k mo ld c h a ng eQ PL qual if ied prod ucts listQSR qual i ty system regula t ionR Rank inR R e a u m u rR Re y n o ld' s n u m b e rR Rockwell (hardness)R2SiO sil iconR& D resea rch & deve lopm entR & M reliabil ity and mainta inabil i tyR&R repeatabi l i ty and reproducibi l i tyrad Th a t quan t i ty o f ion iz ingradiation that results in theabsorpt ion of 100 ergs of energyper gram of ir radia ted m ateria l.r adom e radar dom eRAM radar absorben t ma ter ia lRAM ra n d o m a c c es s m e m o ryRapra Rubber & Plastics ResearchAssoc.R&R repeatabi l i ty and reproducibi l i tyRc Rockw ell hardne ss C (R~)Re Re y n o ld 's n u m b e rRef. referencerf radio f requency


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4 9 0 Plastics Eng ineered P roduc t DesignRF I r ad io f r equenc y in te r f e renceR H r el at iv e h u m i d i t yR I M r e a c t i o n i n je c t io n m o l d i n gR L M r e i n fo r c e d l iq u i d m o l d i n gR M r o t a ti o n a l m o l d i n gR M A R u b b e r M f g r s. A s so c .R M P P r u b b e r m o d i fi ed

p o l y p r o p y l e n e ( P P / E P D M )R M S r o o t m e a n sq u a reR O I r e t u r n o n i n v e s tm e n tR P r a p id p r o t o t y p i n gRP re in fo rced p last icRP Re in fo rced P las ti cs pub l i ca t ion by

Elsevier , UKR P A R a p i d P r o t o t y p i n g A s so c . ( o f

S M E )R P M r e v ol u ti o n s p e r m i n u t eR R I M r e i n fo r c e d r e a c t io n i n j e c ti o n

m o l d i n gR T r a p i d t o o l i n gR T r o o m te m p e r a t u reRT I r e la t ive the rm al indexR T M r e si n t ra n s fe r m o l d i n gR T P r e i n fo r c e d t h e r m o p l a s t i cR T S r e i n f o rc e d t h e r m o s e tR T V r o o m t e m p e r a t u r e v u l ca n i za t io nRV rec rea t iona l veh ic leR x r a d i a t io n c u r i n gs s econdS A E S o c i e ty o f A u t o m o t i v e E n g i n e e r sS A M P E S o c ie ty f or t h e A d v a n c e m e n t

o f Mate r i a l and P roces sE n g i n e e r i n g

SA N s tyrene acry loni t r i leSB s ty rene bu tad ieneSBA Smal l Bus ines s Ad m in i s t r a t ionS B R s t y re n e - b u ta d i e n e r u b b e rSBS s ty rene bu tad iene s ty reneS C A D A S u p e r v is o r c o n t r o l a n d d a taacqu i s i t ionS C T s o lu b l e c o r e t e c h n o l o g yS D M s t a n d a r d d e v i a ti o n

m e a s u r e m e n tS E S S t a n d a r d s E n g i n e e r i n g S o c i e tySF safe ty fac torSF sho r t f ibe r

SF s t ruc tu ra l foams.g. specific grav ity (sp. gr.)S G M P s ta ti st ic a l g o o d m a n u f a c t u r i n g

pract iceS I S y s te m e I n t e r n a t i o n a l d ' U n i t e s

( I n t e r n a t io n a l S y s t em o f U n i t s )SI s i l iconeSIC S tand ard Indus t r i a l C las si fi ca tionSi02 silicaS i g m a G r e e k l e t te r o .SM A s ty rene male ic anhyd r ideS M C s h ee t m o l d i n g c o m p o u n dS M C A A S h ee t M o l d i ng C o m p o u n d

A u t o m o t i v e A l li an c eS M E S o c ie t y o f M a n u f a c t u r i n g

E n g i n e e r sS -N s t r es s -num ber o f cyc lesS N s y n t h et ic n a t u r a l r u b b e rS N M P s im p le n e t w o r k m a n a g e m e n t

p r o t o c o lsp. vol . specif ic vo lu m eSPC s ta ti s tica l process co ntro lSPE Soc ie ty o f P las ti cs Eng inee r sSpec. specif icationSPE Soc ie ty o f the P last ic s En g inee r sSPI Soc ie ty o f the P last ic s Ind us t rysPS syndio tact ic poly s tyrenesq . squareSQ C s ta t is ti cal qua l i ty con t ro lSRI S tandards Resea rch Ins t i tu te

( A S T M )SR IM s t ruc tu ra l r eac t ion in jec t ionm o l d i n g

S-S s tress-s trainSTP Spec ia l Techn ica l Pub l i ca t ion

( A S T M )S T P s t a n d a r d t e m p e r a t u r e & p r e ss u r eS T X s t a m p a b l e r e i n fo r c e d

the rmop las t i c shee t (Azde lt r a d e n a m e )SU V spor t u t il i ty veh icle

syn synthet ict th icknessT t e m p e r a t u r eT t i m eT t o r q u e ( o r T t )


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Appendix A . Abbreviat ions 491T g g las s t r ans it ion t em pera tureT m me l t t emper a t u r eT s tensile s tr en gthT / C t h e r m o c o u p l eTAC tr ial lylcyanurateTA PPI Technica l Assoc ia t ion o f thePulp & Paper Indus t ryTC thermal conduct iv i tyT C A 1 , 1 , 1 - t r i ch l o r oe t haneT C E t r i ch l o r oe t heneT C M t echn ica l cos t m ode l i ngT D t he rma l des o r p t ionT D t ransverse di rect ionT D I toluen e di isocyanateT F t h e r m o f o r m i n gT F E see P T F ETFS thermoform-f i l l - sealTGA thermograv imet r i c ana lys i sT G I t he rmo gr av ime t r i c i ndexT H F t e t r ahyd r o f u r anthree D 3-d imens iona l (3 -D )T I M E t w in - sc r ew i n jec t ion mo l d i ngex t r ude rT I R t oo l i ng i nd i ca t o r r unou tT-L CP therm ot rop ic l iqu id c rys ta lpo l ymerT M t ransf e r m o l d i ngTM A thermom echanica l analys isT M A T o o l in g & M a n u f a ct u ri n gAssoc. ( former ly TDI)T M A T oy M f gr s. o f A m eri cator r A uni t o f p res sure equa l to1 / 7 6 0 t h o f a n a tm o s p h e re [ m mm e r c u ry ( m m H g ) ]TP thermoplas t i cTP E thermoplas t i c e las tom erT PO thermoplas t i c o le fin e las tom erT PP t r i pheny l phos ph i neT PR t he rmop l a s ti c r ubbe rT PU t he rmop l a s ti c po l yu r e thaneTP V thermoplas t i c vu lcan iza teT PX po l yme t hy l pen t eneT Q M T o ta l Q u a li ty M a n a g e m e n tT S t he r mos e tTS twin-screwTSC thermal s t ress crackingT SE t he r mos e t e l as tomer

T U V T U V A m eri ca I nc . ( T es ti ngLab . )TWA t ime weighted averaget w o- D 2 - d imens i ona l ( 2 - D )TX th ixo t rop icTXM th ixo t rop ic meta l s lu r rymol d i ngTx toxicU A u r ea , uns a t u r a tedU D un i d i r ec t i ona lU D C un i d ir ec ti ona l compos i teU F u r ea f o rma l dehydeU H M W P E u l t r a - h i g h m o l e c u l a r

w e i g h t p o ly e th y le n e ( P E - U H M W )U L U n d e r w r i t e rs ' L a b o r a t o ryU M Univer s ity o f M assachuse tt sU N U n i t ed N a t io n sU P unsa tura ted po lyes te r (TS

polyes ter )U PV C unplas ti c ized po lyv iny lchlor ideU R u r e t hane ( als o PU R , PU )U R P unre inforced p last icU SA U n i t ed S t a te s o f A m eri caUV ul t r av io le tUVCA ul t r a -v io le t - l igh t -curab le-cyanoacrylate

V v a c u u mV velocityV vol tVA value analysisvar variableV C ven t c l o thV C M v iny l ch lo r ide m ono m erV D E G er m an S t anda r d I n s ti tu t eVE vinyl es terVI Vinyl Ins t i tuteV L D P E ve r y l ow dens it ypolyethyleneV O C vo la tile o rgan i c com pou ndV O C C vo la tile o r gan ic com pou nd

c o n t e n tvol volum e (no t volat ile)vo l% percen tage by vo lum evs. versus


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49 2 Plastics Engineered P roduct Designw w i d t hW w a t tW w i c k i ngW / D w e i g h t- to - d is p la c em e n t v o lu m e

( bo a t hu l l )W IT wa te r -as s is t i n j ec ti on m old in g

t e c h n o l o g yW M M A W o o d M a c hi ne ry M f g rs . o f

A m e r i c aW P & R T W or l d P l a s t i c s & R ubbe r

T e c hno l ogy m a ga z i neW P C w ood - p l as t ic c om pos i tew t% pe r c e n t a ge by w e i gh tW V T w a t e r va po r t ra n s m i s si onW W 1 1 W o r ld W a r T w oW W W W o r ld W i d e W e bW Y S I W Y G w ha t you se e is w ha t you

g e t

X-ax is axis in plane used as 0 ~referenceXL cross- l inkedXL PE c ross -l inked po lye thy l ene ( s e e

VEX)XPS expandabl e po lys tyreneX T C g l a s s a nd P E T f ibe rsY-ax is ax i s i n t he p l ane pe rpen di cu l a r

to X-axisYPE y i eld po in t e l ong a t i onZ-ax is ax i s norm a l t o t he p l ane o f t he

X-Y axesZ - N Z i e g l e r - N a t t aZ- tw i s t twi s t ing f ibe r d i rec t ionZ Z z i gz a g

Documents

Appendix a - Abbreviations