Applications of Space Technology and GIS for Disaster Risk Reduction and

Sustainable Development in Myanmar

Ms. Tin YiDeputy Director

Department of Meteorology and HydrologyMYANMAR

Meteorological

Hydrological

Geological

Natural  hazards

•• 2006 Apr Cyclone Mala2006 Apr Cyclone Mala

•• 2008 May Cyclone Nargis2008 May Cyclone Nargis

•• 2010 Oct Cyclone GIRI2010 Oct Cyclone GIRI

•• 2011 Mar Tarlay Strong Earthquake2011 Mar Tarlay Strong Earthquake

•• 2011 JJA Heavy Rain & Floods2011 JJA Heavy Rain & Floods

•• 2011 Oct Pakokku Flash Flood2011 Oct Pakokku Flash Flood

•• 2012 JJA Lower/NE Myanmar Floods2012 JJA Lower/NE Myanmar Floods

•• 2012 Nov Thabeikkyin Strong Earthquake 2012 Nov Thabeikkyin Strong Earthquake

•• 2013 May Cyclone Mahasen2013 May Cyclone Mahasen

•• 2013 J2013 J--O Heavy rain triggered secondary hazardsO Heavy rain triggered secondary hazards

& Floods& Floods

Mala, 2006 Akash, 2007 Nargis, 2008 Bijli, 2009Bijli, 2009 Giri, 2010Giri, 2010 Mahasen, 2013

Natural Disaster (Vulnerable) Area in Myanmar

Cyclone/Tsunami Landslide Drought Flood

Hazards J F M A M J J A S O N D

Cyclone

High Temperature

Low Temperature

Drought

Squalls& Thunderstorm

Flood

Heavy Rain

Monsoon

Depression

Hail

Meteorological/Hydrological Hazard Calendar

The Roles and Responsibilities of DMH

Meteorological Services in 1937Agro‐meteorological Services in 1970Hydrological Services in 1964Seismological and Earthquake activities in 1961Member of IMO (International Meteorological Organization) in 1938Acid Deposition Monitoring in 2003Member of of EANET (Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in Asia ) in 2006Issued Information, Forecasts and WarningDisseminate to decision makers, policy makers, Depts & publicEarly Warning  System is main responsibility of  DMH in case of Disaster Risk Reduction

Meteorological and Hydrological Observation Network (DMH)

Meteorological/Hydrological Stations - 39

Meteorological Stations - 63

Hydrological stations - 25

Agro meteorological Stations - 17

Upper Air Station - 1

Aviation Weather Station - 8

-

•(37) WMO Register (3)hourly Synoptic

Observation Stations

•(1) Upper Air Observation Global Meteorological

Observation System

Observatory

Observatory

Observatory

Observatory

Bangkok &New Delhi

Bangkok &New Delhi

Telephone

Telephone

IP/VPN(Internet)

GT

S

GT

S

SSB

SSB

Main Center(NayPyiTaw)

Backup Center(Yangon)

Warning, Bulletin, Forecast and News Cyclone Warning Storm Surge Warning Flood Warning Untimely Rainfall Warning Fog Warning Heavy Rain Warning Aviation Weather Warning Low flow water level Tsunami Warning Port Warning Agro-meteorological Bulletin Bay Bulletin Flood Bulletin Special Weather Bulletin

Daily Weather/Water Level 10 Days Weather/Flood Monthly Weather/Flood Seasonal Weather/River Flood

Forecast Aviation Weather Forecast Marine Weather Forecast Special Forecast

Earthquake NewsRainfall / Temperature RecordsCyclone News

Responsibilities of DMH

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

In Meteorological Services

MTSAT Data Receiving System installed on 25th January, 2011 at Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, Nay Pyi Taw (donated by JICA)

FY-Cast geostationary meteorological satellite installed at Nay Pyi Taw.(2011) (donated by CMA)

By using Dvorak Technique in SATAID softwareAnalyze Cloud PatternCalculate Wind Vector, Vortex Calculate Cloud Top TemperatureAnalyze Tropical CycloneAnalyze Rain forecast 

In order to issue early warning .…

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Upper air Products from GTS (Global Telecommunication System)

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

We can issue good outlook of Short

And Medium Range Forecast by

using Global Climate model.

IMD/NOAA/ IRI/TMD/ ARL/ RIMES

/ECMWF/ BCC/JTWC/JMA/KMA…

DMH set up WRF ModelSince 2012 Nov . Now

Updated in our websiteFor our users.

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

In Hydrological ServicesFor Daily Water Level Forecast‐ River Stage Correlation Method‐ Empirical Model (based on single and multiple regression analysis)

‐ Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS) (not for operational use)

For Seasonal Water Level Forecast‐ Based on flood characteristic occurred in Analogue years‐ Based on seasonal weather forecast‐ Based on comparison of current flow with the individual hydrograph for the last (10) years

‐ Based on the average flow of the last (10) years‐ Based on the Flood frequency analysisNot Yet Flood Forecasting Method using Space Technology and GIS (for operational use)

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Flood Forecasting by using (IFAS) (Space Technology and GIS )

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Flood Hazard Map for Zalun and Seiktha of Ayeyarwady Region

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

In Seismological Services

VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) Sensor and server Installed at Nay Pyi Taw on 2008. (donated by CEA)

Epicenter location map from VBBWaveform captured by VBB

ESCAP/RIMES installed one broadband station at Sittwe in ESCAP/RIMES installed one broadband station at Sittwe in 2009 for the earthquake monitoring system and DMH also 2009 for the earthquake monitoring system and DMH also

use that station for global earthquake observation.use that station for global earthquake observation.

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Two  Sea  Level  Gauges  (for  Tsunami Warning)  installed  on  2006  (donated  by  UNESCO­IOC)

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

GPS Stations under DMH (with EOS)

GPS installed on 2012

Hakha

Kani

Shwebo

Sint Gu

GPS installed on 2011

Gyophyu

Ingale

Waow

Kyaikhteeyo

Applications of Space Technology and GIS

Key challenges and difficulties in promoting the applications of space technology and GIS

Satellite images receiving ground station

High and very high resolution satellite images

Own weather news channel (or) communication channel to broadcast

weather news and early warning in case of disaster risk reduction

Modernized infrastructures

Establishment of geo-portal based on GIS technologies integrated with

national and regional agencies

National wide risk assessment based on space and GIS technology

Capacity building on space technology and GIS applications in disaster

risk reduction

Limitation of ….

Needs and Gaps

Software Licening for RS and GIS

Modernized infrastructure such as, High Performance Computers,

Scanner, GPS with camera, Photo Copy Machine, etc;

Very High & High Resolution Satellite Images

Satellite Technology and Knowledge

Facilitate Technical and Financial assistance

Short Term and Long Term fellowship for Space Technology and

RS & GIS

Training specialized for Remote Sensing and satellite data handling

and processing

Map of Radar Monitoring (3) stations

Nay Pyi Taw

Yangon

Mandalay

Sittwe

Kyaukpyu

Gwa

Thandwe

Pathei

Dawei

Hkamty Myitkyina

Bhamo

Lashio

Kyineton

Kalaymyo

Hakha

Taunggyi

Loikaw

Mawlamyin

Hpaan Hmawbi

Magway

Nansam

Taungoo

Meikhtila

Monywa

Bago

Laputta

Putao

Kawthuang

Map of (AWS) Network (30)stations

Mandalay

Yangon

Kyaukpyu

Future Plans

• To promote the Numerical weather Prediction System

• To upgrade the RegCM Model

• To Substitute conventional instruments to advanced instruments.

• To install modernize weather radars to cover the coastal regions.

• To upgrade DMH’s Data collection and processing system with

automation.

• To enhance Climate Services, Application and Modeling

• Dense Meteorological and Hydrological observational networks

• Automatic Weather Stations (AWS)

• Upper air observation facilities (Pilot balloon, wind, moisture, etc)

• More instruments to observe radiation, evaporation, sun shine,

ozone, upper air, wind and temperature

• High gust anemometer for coastal station

• To promote the Early Warning System

Future plans:

Install flood monitoring system (CCTV for surveillance)

Install the automatic telemetry system

Upgrade the water level gauging network

Install the siren at flash flood area

Upgrade the communication and dissemination systems

Upgrade the flood forecasting center

Develop the flood hazard map and flood risk map

Develop the appropriate the flood simulated model

Automatic data exchange system

To promote the Capacity Building

To promote using Space Technology and GIS for the Disaster Risk

Reduction in Myanmar , cooperating and coordinating with

International Organizations

Future plans: