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Atami Summary Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616), Japan’s most famous shogun who brought the whole country under his rule, liked to visit Atami. He was so impressed by the quality of the hot spring that he ordered barrels of water to be hauled back to Edo (present day Tokyo) at immense 熱熱熱熱 Atami(onse n)

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Page 1: Atami Summary

Atami Summary

Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616), Japan’s most famous shogun who brought the whole country under his rule, liked to visit Atami. He was so impressed by the quality of the hot spring that he ordered barrels of water to be hauled back to Edo (present day Tokyo) at immense effort and expense.

熱海温泉Atami(onsen)

Page 2: Atami Summary

A slide from Alexey Drutskoy

Page 3: Atami Summary

Are there New Physics Phases and New sources of CP Violation Beyond the SM ?

Are there right-handed currents ?

Are there new flavor changing neutral currents ?

Are there new operators with quarks enhanced by New Physics ?

Fundamental Questions in Flavor Physics

Experiments: bs CPV, compare CPV angles from tree and loops

Experiments: AFB(BK*l l), BK rates and asymmetries

Experiments: bs CPV, B->VPγ or BV V triple-product asymmetries

Experiments: bs ννbar, D-Dbar CPV+mixing+rare, τγ

These questions can be answered at a Super B Factory.

Why three generations ?

String Theory ? (e.g. P.Binetruy et.al.,

hep-th/0509157; J.Phys G.32: 129 (2006)); Larger Symmetry Groups ? (see Kubo’s talk)

Experiments with quarks or heavy leptons?

This question is probably too hard – more tractable questions…..

Page 4: Atami Summary

New Physics Flavor Problem

New Physics (SUSY, extra dimensions etc….) has new particles with new couplings and phases

These new particles induce FCNC. If there is no non-trivial flavor structure, current results would suggest the new physics scale is 10000 TeV. (not accessible at LHC)

If there is new physics at the 1 TeV (0.1 TeV) energy scale, then it has a highly non-trivial flavor structure.

Yuval Grossman, Tim Gershon

Minimal flavor violation (MFV): not a worst case scenario, you have made a great discovery. There is a new symmetry !

Page 5: Atami Summary

Lessons of History I New Physics is usually discovered first in loop

processes, which involve high mass virtual particles. (Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle)

Beautiful and precise measurements of the top quark mass at the Tevatron. However, the couplings |Vts|, |Vtd,| and most importantly the phase of (Vtd) cannot be measured in direct top production.

Example I: Absence of KL allowed theorists to deduce the existence of the charm quark. The rate of K mixing allowed a rough determination of the charm mass.

Example II: The absence of bs decays and the long B lifetime ruled out topless models. Large Bd mixing showed the top was heavy contrary to theory prejudices of the time. Radiative corrections from Z measurements determined the rough range of the top mass.

Vtd

Vtd

Page 6: Atami Summary

Nishida: “DNA Identification” of new physics

Popularized by Hazumi and Hitlin

Examine correlations between flavor physics observables

M. Spiropuluar;arXiv:0801.0318

“DNA identification”of new physics

(Also see talks by Goto, Kubo, Eigen)

Page 7: Atami Summary

Nature 451, 498 (24 January 2008) | doi:10.1038/451498a; Published online 23 January 2008

SuperBJanet Wright1

Top of pageAbstractRaise a glass to world domination.

    The SuperB virus spread like wildfire — which was funny, really, because we'd put it in the water.Forty years I spent perfecting it, while people were laughing behind their hands. Poor drunken old Dr J, mad as a bat in her dusty old lab, doing her useless antiviral work. Or so they thought. They're not laughing at me now, are they?

Once we'd perfected SuperB, my dedicated little group scattered it around the globe. The virus was sprinkled into the headwaters of the Nile, dripped into remote springs and slipped directly into the water glass of a particularly irritating politician. Released into reservoirs, SuperB was lifted into the clouds to fall on fields and gardens. It was sipped from bottles by yuppies and from streams by goat-herders. And it was so powerful that a few drops of rain turned an entire well into a SuperB reservoir.

Warning: Satirical Biology Article in Nature

Page 8: Atami Summary

High Luminosity at Japanese Hot Springs

1035 1036

2 x 1035 8 x 1035

Laboratory resources

B Factory Super B factory

Water Temperature

Talks by Sakai, Gershon, Ohnishi, Biagini, Nakanishi

Time

Page 9: Atami Summary

From Tim Gershon@Atami

No “Soft Landing” at 1035Message to KEK administration

Page 10: Atami Summary

(5 Year Plan)

KEK Web page

+20 page reportSakai’s talk

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KEK’s 5 year Roadmap• Official 20 page report released on January 4, 2008

by director A. Suzuki and KEK management• KEKB’s upgrade to 2x1035 in 3+x years is the

central element in particle physics. (Higher luminosity is not excluded in any way but is limited by future funding)– Will be finalized after recommendations by the Roadmap

Review Committee (March 9-10).• Membership: Young Kee Kim, John Ellis, Rolf Heuer, Jon

Rosner, Andrew Hutton and reviewers from material science

and other fields.

Super-Belle (and Super KEKB) is an open international project.

Page 12: Atami Summary

Question: 39 nanometer beam spot in y, 6 microns in x. Is this possible in a real 2-3 km circumference multi-orbit machine ?

Conceptual Design Report has been finished. Intl Review committee in progress.

Beam size

New site next to Frascati (Tor Vergata)

(Collaboration on beam dynamics with Agoh, Ohmi, Ohnishi)Talks by Biagini, Gershon

TDR in 2010

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Very Important: Test of the crab waist at DAFNE

M. Biagini

Expect ~x 2 from crab waist

But will not test nanometer beams

Brillant and deep idea from P. Raimondi, first proposed in Hawaii

Page 14: Atami Summary

Ohnishi+ non-linear effects and machine errors

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commissioningHER

OFF ON 0°

Talks by Nakanishi, Ohnishi

No longer science fiction (proposed 30 years ago Palmer/Oide)

Page 16: Atami Summary

Emerging competition and interaction with LHCb and eventually superLHCb

Muon detector

Calorimeters

RICH-2

Magnet

OT

VELO

RICH-1

Construction almost final. Detector Commissioning ongoing

Page 17: Atami Summary

hep-ph/0604112hep-ph/0509242

s from Bs J/

• Analysis Method– B VV mode

– Angular analysis s Sensitivity

– studied at ms = 20 ps–1

– Yield: 131k Bs J/ signal events per 2 fb–1 (1 year)

– Expected precision (sin s) ~ 0.023 2 fb–1 (sin s) ~ 0.042 0.5 fb–1

(sin s) ~ 0.010 10 fb–1

total

CP even

CP oddflat background

SMq

iqq mehm q 21

CDF 2006 ms

LHCb 2 fb-1

Bs J/

CERN-LHCb-2006-047

Muheim, Wilkinson

+Casey from Tevatron

NP Phase Talks by Casey, Renga: Do not neglect Upsilon(5S) analyses

Page 18: Atami Summary

• Highly suppressed in SM– Prediction BR(BS) = (3.86±0.15)10–9

– could be strongly enhanced in SUSY

• Constrained MSSM– BR(BS) ~ tan6/MH

2

– Predicts much largerBR(BS) ~ a few 10-9 to 10-7

• Muon anomalous magnetic moment g-2 a = (25.2 ± 9.2) 10-10 (BNL)

– disagrees with SM at 2.7– predicts gaugino mass m1/2

in range 250 - 650 GeV

• Current best limit

– from CDF+D0 is BR(BS) < 5.810–8 (95% CL )

SM prediction

LHCb can explore New Physics in Bs

W

W

b

s

t

SM

10-9

10-8

10-7

m1/2 [GeV]

SM MSSM

BR

(BS

)

0.5 fb–1 exclude BR down to SM signal

2 fb–1 3 evidence of SM signal

10 fb–1 >5 observation of SM signal

Page 19: Atami Summary

We need better theory to find NP phase and amplitudes in CKM fits

Itoh, Stewart, Flynn

plum bamboo

pine

3 different scenarios for lattice and theory improvement

Eigen: Use SU(3) symmetry and conservatively scan theory uncertainties

Itoh:

Page 20: Atami Summary

What we don’t know that we don’t know

Foggy forest in Nagano

In the strong interaction and in the weak interaction

Page 21: Atami Summary

One Example of the Surprises at the current B Factories

• Many narrow unanticipated new particles

• Although the strong interaction is “well-understood”, these particles were not predicted in the Physics Reports, Yellow Books, review committees and workshops that preceded the B factory…..

[Could there be surprises in the weak interactions of quarks ?]

[Lesson for the LHC ?]

Page 22: Atami Summary

From the major Japanese newspapers on Nov 10

M = 4433 ±4 ±1 MeV Γ tot = 45 ± 17 ± 30 MeV Nsig =124 ± 31 evts

Page 23: Atami Summary

ee ≃ 0.27 keV ee ≃ 0.13 keV

≃ 110 MeV ≃ 20.5 MeV

expect only limits ...

11020.5

~ 1.7 x 105

477 fb1

Expectations for non-B Bar decays of Upsilon(5S)

5(4 ) (1 ) (9.0 1.5) 10S S

5(4 ) (2 ) (8.8 1.9) 10S S

(4 )S (5 )S(OZI Suppressed)

But Kai-Feng Chen and Anatoly Sokolov look anyways Seen by BaBar, Belle

Page 24: Atami Summary

“(5S)” (nS) +, (1S) K+K

(1S) +

(2S) +

(3S)(3S) ++

(1S)(1S) KK++KK

3.2

square box gives ~ 3.9

14

20

4.9

Surprise: There are huge signals

Page 25: Atami Summary

: OZI decays 2 orders of magnitude too large !

N.B. Resonance cross section 0.302 ± 0.015 nb at ECM = 10.87 GeV PRD 98, 052001 (2007) [Belle]

(2S) (1S) ~ 6 keV (3S) 0.9 keV (4S) 1.8 keV (5S) 580 keV

• Is this really the (5S), or is there something else e.g. a Yb state that overlaps with it? (like the Y(4260)).

Need CM Scan to tell

Assume “(5S)” = (5S)PDG value taken for (nS) properties

BELLE-CONF-0774, hep-ex/0710.2577 Last week of December 2007 run for 10 days

(5 )S

Wei-shou Hou:

Page 26: Atami Summary

Where is the ground state bottomonium ηb ?Talks by Roberto Mussa, Hajime Muramatsu

Which Upsilon(nS) is best ? Inclusive or exclusive ? What are the

hadronic modes of the ηb ?

Tests theory and is the highest priority of the quarkonium working group (QWG)

Page 27: Atami Summary

Hunting dark matter or light Higgs in Υ(nS) decaysHigh precision check of lepton universality in dilepton decays Light Higgs signature

Talks by Mussa, Muramatsu

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Kuzmin: Do not neglect ISR. You may discover new particles e.g. Y(4260), and even constrain special kinds of new physics

Page 29: Atami Summary

2007 was the year of D0 mixing

But not reported by the New York Times, Washington Post

Page 30: Atami Summary

D0 K+K- / +-

K+K-/+-

and K-+ratioDifference of lifetimesvisually observable

Evidence for D0 mixing(regardless of possible CPV)

3.2 from zero (4.1 stat. only)

2/ndf=1.084 (ndf=289)

+

negligible CPV, yCP=y

PRL 98, 211803 (2007), 540fb-1

(1.31 0.32 0.25)%CPy

Belle

y=/(2

Also confirmed by BaBar

Talk by Marko Staric

Page 31: Atami Summary

BaBar D-mixing Signal in D0K+-

•Fit results:RD: (3.03±0.16±0.10)x10-3 x’2: (-0.22±0.30±0.21)x10-3

y’: (9.7±4.4±3.1)x10-3

data - no mix PDF mix - no mix PDF

WS mixing fit projection in signal region1.843 GeV/c2 < m < 1.883 GeV/c2

0.1445 GeV/c2 < m < 0.1465 GeV/c2

x=m/ y=/(2The quantities x’, y’ are rotated versions of x, y The rotation angle is an unknown strong phase

CDF confirmation as well

Page 32: Atami Summary

Current status of D0 mixing semileptonic, K+, Ks, yCP, K0, K, (3770)

Why is D0 mixing important for Super B Factories ?

Large mixing isestablished.(may be compatible with high endof SM predictions)

Large mixing isestablished.(may be compatible with high endof SM predictions)

Belle,BaBar,CLEOcombined

Belle,BaBar,CLEOcombined

x=m/

y=/(2

Beijing charm workshop, Nov 2007

x

(Anticipated by Yuval G et al.)

Page 33: Atami Summary

)10(~2

~ 352

OA

The existence of D mixing (if x is non-zero)allows us to look for another unconstrained NP phase but this time from up-type quarks. (compare to CPV in Bs mixing: Casey, Renga,

Muheim, Grossman)

0;0)2

1(Im iM

f

f eA

A

A

p

q

CPV in D system negligible in SM

CPV in interf. mix./decay:

Another new physics CPV phase !

Current sensitivity ~±200, 50 ab-1 go below 20

Talk by Marko Staric

Page 34: Atami Summary

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

"A special search at Dubna was carried out by E. Okonov and his group. They did not find a single KL + - event among600 decays into charged particles [12] (Anikira et al., JETP 1962). At that stage the search was terminated by the administration of the Lab. The group was unlucky." -Lev Okun, "The Vacuum as Seen from Moscow"------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

More lessons from history (II)

BF= 2 x 10-3

Another failure of imagination ?

Page 35: Atami Summary

What the data might look like at 50 ab-1

Gershon: Treasure chest of Golden NP observables.

Page 36: Atami Summary

New Physics at 50 ab-1

NB Constraints from trees and boxes do not agree

NP phase in bd

Nishida

Page 37: Atami Summary

Extrapolation: B K0 at 50/abwith present WA values

J/K0

K0

Compelling measurement in a clean mode

MC

This would establish the existence of a NP phase

Nishida, Gershon

Page 38: Atami Summary

History III: finding NP in AFB

(using interference)

Conclusion: There is a Z at higher energy even though colliders did not have enough E to produce it

Page 39: Atami Summary

2 from SM ?229M386M

Ali, Mannel, Morozumi, PLB273, 505 (1991)

Page 40: Atami Summary

Find the Zero Crossing of AFB(BK* l+ l-)(q2)

Yoshikawa: new observables CP and non-CPVMorozum:i (new AFB , CP in K )

Page 41: Atami Summary

MC

Matsuzaki, Morozumi, Gonalez-Springberg, Gershon, Nishida, Goto

Signal for LFV

μγ

Page 42: Atami Summary

At any one time there is a natural tendency among physicists to believe that we already know the essential ingredients of a comprehensive theory. But each time a new frontier of observation is broached we inevitably discover new phenomena which force us to modify substantially our previous conceptions. I believe this process to be unending, that the delights and challenges of unexpected discovery will continue always.

Val Fitch, Nobel Prize Speech 1980

Wise words from one of the discoverers of CP violation

BNM 01 Talk

Page 43: Atami Summary

Atami Conclusion熱海会議の結論

We would like to thank the local Nagoya, NWU, and KEK organizers, especially Imai-san, for an excellent and stimulating meeting.

Maybe we should do this more than once a decade ?