Atsuto Suzuki Atsuto Suzuki (KEK)(KEK)

NO-VENO-VEVenice, April 18, 2008

LHC at CERN

B-Factory

Photon Factory

J-PARC in Tokai

ILC Test Facility

ATF

STF

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Timeline of Current Timeline of Current ProjectsProjects

KEKB : 1 (ab)-1

Photon Factory& upgrade operation

LHC

J-PARC construction

ERL R&D

operation

1st resultsoperation

ILC R&DTDP1 TDP2

& n &

　　 the nature of matter,　　 the origins of the Universe,　　 the nature of Life,　　 the workings of mind.

Herbert A. Simon Nobel Laureate in Economics

from the Lecture in 1986

We humans have long been obsessed with four great questions:

8

PeV Accelerator

PeV=1015 eV

TeV=10TeV=101212 eV eV“Standard model”

HiggsHiggsQuarksQuarksLeptonsLeptons

Table-top X-ray FEL

100 GV/m100 GV/m

Plasma AccelerationTechnology

3rd-generation Synchrotron Light Source

3rd-generation Synchrotron Light Source

1000 times higher energy1000 times higher energy

“ “ New paradigm”New paradigm”

LeptogenesisLeptogenesis

SUSY breakingSUSY breaking

Extra dimensionExtra dimension Dark matterDark matterSupersymmetrySupersymmetry

1000 times more powerful beam

1000 times more powerful beam

Super-conducting AcceleratorTechnology100 kW Beam Power100 kW Beam Power

100 MW Beam Power100 MW Beam Power

J-PARC Neutrino FactoryNeutrino Factory

Muon ColliderMuon Collider

Linear ColliderLinear Collider

Brighter neutron sourceBrighter neutron source

Nuclear waste processingNuclear waste processing(Nuclear transmutation)(Nuclear transmutation)

Neutrino Factory

1000 timeshigher spatialresolution

1000 timeshigher spatialresolution

100 nano meter

100 pico meter

Nano beamTechnology

Ribosome

Catalysis Chemistry

Pd nanocluster

Cellular events

Sub-cellular events

Ribosome

Adapter proteins

Clathrin

Kinesin & microtubule

X-rays

Nucleotide

Hydrogen bond

nm beam focusing

nm beam handling

1000 times shorter timeresolution

1000 times shorter timeresolution

Ribosome

Rhodopsin ~200 fs

Femto-sec(Ultra Short

Pulses)Beam

Technology

1 fs = 10-15 s Energy Recovery Linac

Photon Factory

1 ps = 10-12 s

Photo-switching of metal-to-insulator

Dynamics of Molecules

Transient Phenomenaof Materials

Tera Hertz Coherent Light Source

Three approachesThree approachestoto

New PhysicsNew Physics

New particlesNew particlesand new interactionsand new interactions

LeptonLeptonphysicsphysics

Energy frontier experiments Energy frontier experiments

LHC, ILC, …LHC, ILC, …

LHCLHC

ILCILC

Higgs, SUSY, Dark matter, Higgs, SUSY, Dark matter, New understanding of space-time…New understanding of space-time…

BB Factories, LHCb, Factories, LHCb, KK exp., nEDM exp., nEDM etc etc..

KEKB upgradeKEKB upgrade

CP asymmetry, Baryogenesis,CP asymmetry, Baryogenesis,Left-right symmetry, New sourcesLeft-right symmetry, New sources

of flavor mixing…of flavor mixing…

exp., exp., LFV, LFV, LFV, LFV,gg-2, 0-2, 0 ……

Neutrino mixing/masses, Neutrino mixing/masses, Lepton number non-Lepton number non-

conservation… conservation…

J-PARC, Project-XJ-PARC, Project-X

Quark flavorQuark flavorphysicsphysics

• Highest priority is given to ILC– Before ILC, promote flavor physics at KEKB and J-PARC

• Action before the ILC approval– ILC R&D– Completion/commissioning of J-PARC

• Considering the world competition, it is urgent to improve neutrino intensity for T2K

– Continuation of KEKB/Belle with upgrade

Energy FrontierEnergy Frontier

ILC R&D Construction Experiment

LHC

Flavor Physics at Luminosity/Intensity Flavor Physics at Luminosity/Intensity FrontierFrontier, K, ,... at J-PARC

b, c, ,... with upgraded- KEKB/Belle

R&D ItemsR&D Items• Precise beam handlingPrecise beam handling in ATFin ATF• Superconducting RFSuperconducting RF in STFin STF

R&D ItemsR&D Items• Precise beam handlingPrecise beam handling in ATFin ATF• Superconducting RFSuperconducting RF in STFin STF

ATF2: Realization of the nanobeam ATF2: Realization of the nanobeam (beam commissioning : October 2008)(beam commissioning : October 2008)

Diagnostic line for Diagnostic line for the extracted low emittance beamthe extracted low emittance beam

ATF LinacATF Linac ATF DRATF DR

Laser-wire Laser-wire monitormonitor

ILC-like bunch ILC-like bunch extractionextraction

(RHUL)(RHUL)

(KEK, SLAC)(KEK, SLAC)

DR-BPM upgradeDR-BPM upgradefor more low emittancefor more low emittance

(FNAL, SLAC)(FNAL, SLAC)

Fast kicker Fast kicker developmentdevelopment

(KEK, LLNL, DESY)(KEK, LLNL, DESY)

ATF2 beam line: under construction

Commissioning :Commissioning :In October 2008In October 2008

• Miniature of ILC BDS (same optics as ILC)• ~35 nm beam size with a few nm stabilization• >100 participants from ~25 institutes

Phase 1 (2005 -2008) for quick startup of ILC SCRF, infra-structure development

subdivided to Phase 0.5 : 1 cavity in each short cryostat (cool

down:Oct.2007&Feb.2008) Phase 1.0 : 4 cavities in each short cryostat (2008) Phase 1.5 : replacement of cavities by improved gradient one (2008-

2009)

Phase 2 (2008 - 2010) develop ILC Main Linac RF unit start design Apr. 2008, fabrication in 2009 and 2010, commissioning

in 2011

Phase 3 (2009 - 2013) Industrialization of ILC Main Linac component develop industrialization technology in 2009 and 2010, fabrication of one more RF unit by the developed mass-production

technology

GDE S0 task (2006 - 2009) in parallel to phase 1, 2 develop ILC performance cavity (35MV/m, 90% yield)

Low-loss cavity

TESLA-type cavity

R&D on cavity and cryomodule

Gradient test of Ichiro #5 cavity at Jlab

STF vertical teststand construction

Four cavities in assembly

One cavity cool-downtest

STF underground tunnel

Valve Box

Connected Short Cryomodules

Cold Box

Waveguide connections

Tunnel length 92m width 5m height 5m

Test starts soon !Test starts soon !

763/763/ ｆｂ ｆｂ (December ‘07)(December ‘07)

Integrated Luminosity

goal : 1 (ab)goal : 1 (ab)-1-1

in 2009in 2009

e+ source

Ares RF cavity

SCC RF(HER)

ARES(LER)

3.5 GeV e+

8 GeV e-

GermanyGermany

CERNCERN

USUS

Peak Luminosity Trends in the last 30 Years

Installed in the KEKB tunnel. Installed in the KEKB tunnel. (February 2007)(February 2007)

Installed in the KEKB tunnel. Installed in the KEKB tunnel. (February 2007)(February 2007)

Electron RingElectron Ring

Positron RingPositron Ring

22 mrad.22 mrad.crossingcrossing

crab crossingcrab crossing

Quantitative confirmation of the KM model

Af ~ 0Sf = 0.652±0.039±0.020

Violation of CP symmetry !

B0J/KS

B0J/KS

Belle, July 05

Belle, July 05

Discovery of CP violation in BB system

Discovery of CP violation in BB system

SMBelle, 2005

D0-D0 mixing

AFB in BK*ll

X(3872)

Many new resonances

Bdtransition

Evidence for B

Z(4430)

BD*

Unexpectedly large D0D0 mixing

x=(0.97±0.29)%, y=(0.78±0.19)%

Anomalous CPV in b→s transition?

Possible Hints for New Physics in Flavor Decays Possible Hints for New Physics in Flavor Decays

Th

eore

tical calc

ula

tion

s

usin

g V

ub, m

d, K

Directmeasurement

Small inconsistency in the unitarity triangle?

Opposite CP asymmetry between B0 and B±

SM

X(3872)

Bdtransition

Z(4430)

BD*

Standard Model

qu

ark

lep

ton

Sta

ndard

Model

Sta

ndard

M

odel

KobayashKobayashii

MasukawaMasukawa

Strong Motivation for KEKB Strong Motivation for KEKB UpgradeUpgrade

Belle with improved rate immunityBelle with improved rate immunity

Background tolerant small cell

drift chamber

Faster calorimeter with wave form sampling and pure CsI

Si vertex detector withvery short strips

• Asymmetric energy Asymmetric energy eeee collider at E collider at ECMCM=m=m(((4S)) (4S)) to beto be realized by realized by upgrading the existing KEKB collider.upgrading the existing KEKB collider.

• Initial target: Initial target: 1010××higher luminosityhigher luminosity 2210103535/cm/cm22/sec/sec 221010 9 9 BBBB and and per yr. per yr. • Final goal: Final goal: LL=8=810103535/cm/cm22/sec/sec and and ∫∫L dt = L dt = 5050 abab-1-1

Crab cavityCrab cavity

3.5GeV e

8GeV e

New beam-pipesNew beam-pipeswith ante-chamberwith ante-chamber

DampingDampingring for ering for e++

New IR with crabNew IR with crabcrossing and crossing and

smaller smaller yy**

More RF for higherMore RF for higherbeam currentbeam current

SR

beam

after 3 year shutdown

Major Achievements Expected at SuperKEKB

Case 1: All Consistent with Kobayashi-Maskawa TheoryCase 1: All Consistent with Kobayashi-Maskawa Theory

Discovery of T Violation in B p

Discovery of B K

Discovery of B D

Discovery of B

CKM Angle Measurements with 1 degree precision

Discovery of CP Violation in Charged B Decays

|Vub| with 5% Precision

Search for New CP-Violating Phase in b s with 1 degree precision

“Discovery” withsigfinicance > 5

Discovery of New Subatmic Particles

sin2W with O(10-4) precision

Observations with

(5S), (3S) etc.

Major Achievements Expected at SuperKEKB

Case 1: All Consistent with Kobayashi-Maskawa TheoryCase 1: All Consistent with Kobayashi-Maskawa Theory

Discovery of T Violation in B p

Discovery of B K

Discovery of B D

Discovery of B

CKM Angle Measurements with 1 degree precision

Discovery of CP Violation in Charged B Decays

|Vub| with 5% Precision

Search for New CP-Violating Phase in b s with 1 degree precision

“Discovery” withsigfinicance > 5

Discovery of New Subatmic Particles

Case 2: New Physics with Extended Flavor Structure

Case 2: New Physics with Extended Flavor Structure

Discovery of Lepton Flavor Violation in Decays#

Discovery of Lepton Flavor Violation in Decays#

Discovery of New Right-Handed Current in b s Transitions #

Discovery of New Right-Handed Current in b s Transitions #

# SUSY GUT withgluino mass = 600GeV,tan = 30

Observations with

(5S), (3S) etc.

sin2W with O(10-4) precision

Discovery of New CP Violation

in B K0 Decays#

Discovery of New CP Violation

in B K0 Decays#

International Collaboration on LHC by Japan Accelerator Experiments

LHCProject

- Search for Higgs and physics beyond Standard Model (SUSY…)- 14 TeV pp collisions with L=1034cm-2s-1 and heavy-ion collisions.- 4 major experiments: ATLAS, CMS, ALICE and LHCb- Construction 1994-2008, Start operation in 2008, Cost: ~5B$,

Japan announced to support LHC in 1995 Total financial contribution ~160 M$

KEK delivered 16 focusing quads.

1050 muon TGC chambers + most of trigger electronics

Central Solenoid

980 modules ofSilicon tracker

physics data analysis with Tier-2 center at U. Tokyo

ATLAS (7%) and ALICE

LHC luminosity upgrade plan-

Phase I upgrade (2012) - go up to L 21034 cm-2 s-1

- no detector upgrade - new IR triplet with 130mm aperture

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Peak Lumi

Int Lumi

Halving time (years)

(1034cm-2s-1)

(fb-1)

Phas

e1

Phas

e2

Phase II upgrade (2016) - go up to L 101034 cm-2 s-1

- with major detector and injector upgrade

- scenario I : push to * down 14 cm with Nb3Sn/Nb3Al triplet magnets. - scenario II : with large Piwinski angle and ultimate bunch charge of 4.71011

- total cost ~1.2 BCHF including detector upgrades (ATLAS only ~210 MCHF)

Current activities for LHC upgrade by Japanese groups

- Accelerator : Started R&D of Nb3Al conductor for high field magnets. - ATLAS : Started R&D of Silicon-strip detector under ATLAS upgrade organization.

PF ： 2.5GeV, 450mA PF-AR:6.5GeV, 50mA

: Single Bunch

6060 stations : activestations : active

Compact ERL: 200 MeV

ERL : Energy Recovery ERL : Energy Recovery LinacLinac

• Light Source– (According to the JSSRR recommendation)

5 GeV ERL is one of the most promising next generation machines– Science opportunity complementary to XFEL

• Action before the ERL approval– Construct a compact ERL as the prototype and a THz light source

average brilliance

peak brilliance

repetition rate (Hz)

coherent fraction

bunch width (ps)

# of BLs

ERL ~1023 ~1026 1.3G ~20% 0.1~1 ~30

XFEL 1022~1023 ~1033 100~1K 100% 0.1 1 ~ 5

(brilliance : photons/mm2/mrad2/0.1%/s @ 10 keV)

• J-PARC– Highest priority is the successful

commissioning– Action after commissioning

• Present upgrade plan + new proposals/ideas• Master plan beyond Phase-I is to be defined, based

on the existing upgrade plan and new proposals. • Considering the world competition,

it is urgent to improve neutrino intensity (from High Energy Physics)

RCS

MLF

Linac

Hadrons

Neutrinos

in 2008

in 2009

in 2009

50 GeV MR

200 MeV 200 MeV 400 400 MeV MeV

Proton decayProton decay

Ｔ２ＫＴ２Ｋ(( ２００９２００９

~)~)

DiscoveryDiscoveryee app. app.

CPV searchCPV search

Dream Dream ScenarioScenario

Neutrino &Neutrino &Anti-Neutrino meas.Anti-Neutrino meas.

Far DetectorFar Detector

Ｔ２Ｋ Ｔ２Ｋ UpgradeUpgrade(2009~)(2009~)

BeamBeamIntensity Intensity

water Cv Liq. Ar

Tech.Tech.ChoiceChoice

Large det.Large det.ConstructionConstruction

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

KEKB : 1 (ab)-1

Photon Factory& upgrade operation

LHC

J-PARC construction

ERL R&D

operation

1st resultsoperation

ILC R&DTDP1 TDP2

& n &

power upgrade

upgrading to Super-KEKB

continue R&D of compact ERL

LHC upgrade

Intensive R&D

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

KEKB : 1 (ab)-1

Photon Factory& upgrade operation

LHC

J-PARC construction

ERL R&D

operation

1st resultsoperation

ILC R&DTDP1 TDP2

& n &

power upgrade

upgrading to Super-KEKB

continue R&D of compact ERL

LHC upgrade

Intensive R&D

2007

continue R&D

Estimation for 5 year planEstimation for 5 year plan

salary and operation(PF & J-PARC) : not

included

• first class : 720 M$first class : 720 M$

nightmarenightmare

• business class : 530 M$business class : 530 M$

sleepless-nightssleepless-nights

• economy class : 370 M$economy class : 370 M$

Young Kee Kim (Fermilab), Rolf Heuer (Desy), John Ellis (CERN),Jonathan Rosner (Chicago), Maury Tigner (Cornell), Satoshi Ozaki (BNL),Jean Zinn-Justin (Saclay) ・・・・・・・・