AUS Triboard Manua

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CONSTRUCTIONMANUAL FOR

AUSTRALIAFirst published (NZ) 1989

Reprinted (NZ) with major revisions May 1994

Reprinted (NZ) with minor revisions August 1994 March 1995July 1996 July 1997

Reprinted (NZ) with major revisions July 2000

Revised for Australia August 2002Copyright Juken Nissho Ltd

P O Box 1450 AucklandNew Zealand

Ph: +64 9 3091 750 Fax: +64 9 3090 326Website: www.triboard.com or www.jnl.co.nz





TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 INTRODUCTION

Exclusion of Liability

“The manufacturer accepts no responsibility for anyloss, damage or claims which may arise (including

without limitation, claims in negligence) through theuse or installation of the Triboard product in a man-ner inconsistent with this design and constructionmanual (“the Manual”).

The information contained in this Manual is pro-vided as a guide only. The manufacturer of Triboardprovides this information in its capacity as manufac-turer only. The responsibility of following and adher-ing to the specifications in this Manual is that of theuser.

The specifications contained in this Manual relate tonormal site conditions and other conditions set outin this Manual. Individual site characteristics, condi-tions and circumstances may warrant changes tothe specifications in this Manual. The manufactureris not liable or responsible in variations in the speci-fications made as a result of the circumstances ofeach site”.






CONTENTS

Related documentsIntroduction

A brief history of Triboard development

1 SCOPE AND INTERPRETATION

2 GENERAL

3 SITE REQUIREMENTS

4 DURABILITY

5 BRACING DESIGN

6 FOUNDATION AND SUBFLOOR

FRAMING

7 FLOORS

8 WALLS

9 ROOFS

10 BUILDING ENVELOPE - WALLS AND

ROOF

11 INTERIOR LININGS

12 CEILINGS

13 INDUSTRY INFORMATION

INDEX

PAGE

34

5

1-1

2-1

3-1

4-1

5-1

6-1

7-1

8-1

9-1

10-1

11-1

12-1

13-1

14-1





RELATED DOCUMENTS

Structure* AS1684.1-1999 Residential timber-framed construction

* AS1684.2-1999 Residential timber framing construction

* AS4055-1992 Wind loads for houses

* AS3700-1998 Masonry Structures

* AS1720.1-1997 Timber Structures

* AS1170-1989 SAA Loading Code Part 1: Dead and liveloads and Load Combinations. Part 2: Wind Load. Part 4:Earthquake Load

* AS1649-1998 Timber-method of test for mechanical fas-teners and connectors - Basic working loads and charac-teristic strengths.

* AS2870-1996 Residential Slabs and Footings

* AS3566-1988 Screws—Self Drilling—For the building andconstruction industry

* AS3700-1998 Masonry Structures

Materials

* AS/NZS 4063: 1992 Timber—Stress Graded—In-gradestrength and stiffness evaluation

Termite resistance* Queensland Forestry Research Institute testing.

Termiticidal efficacy of Triboard treated with Permethrin.


3



INTRODUCTION

Triboard was specifically designed with the panel constructionmarket in mind.Triboard is produced in various thicknesses and is used forwalls, doors, floors and ceilings. When used as walls itreplaces studs, nogs (dwangs) and plasterboard.

The MDF surface of Triboard provides a smooth surface finishcomplemented by the strand core which delivers gooddimensional stability, excellent screwholding and provides adistinct robustness to the product. Structures built withTriboard are essentially a combination of precision cutshearwalls which facilitate rapid construction methods andachieve high quality standards. The use of the Triboardconstruction system has developed since 1988 to encompassnot only affordable single storey dwellings but also up-markettwo storey structures.

The first version of this manual was written in 1988 andpublished by Northern Pulp Limited. It was appraised byBRANZ in 1989, Appraisal No. 170. By the time the Appraisal“expired” in 1991 the system was well established and it hasgrown steadily ever since.

The New Zealand manual was considerably revised in 1994by R F Gale & Associates Ltd (Consulting Engineers) for ACTRANZ (Association of Triboard Remanufacturers of NewZealand) to bring it into line with the then current practice.Revisions included developments in fixings, bracing valuesfor wider panels, and information on two storey construction.

A further revision in 2000 changed the format and thenumbering system to that used in NZS 3604 Timber FramedBuildings as it was designed to be read in conjunction with it.The relevant sections may be read as an alternative whenusing Triboard components.

This Australian version of the Triboard manual was based onthe 2000 revision but has been modified to meet the Austra-lian Codes, Standards and building practices.

The Triboard manual has been examined by BRANZ andwas used as the basis for the BRANZ Appraisal No 438 of theTriboard Construction System, dated 28th February 2003.

This manual is protected by copyright. Details may bereproduced provided they are reproduced in full and used incontext. Variations of the details and/or use in other contextsare the responsibility of the designer. Design data for the useof Triboard in engineered situations is available separately onrequest.


4



A BRIEF HISTORY OF TRIBOARDDEVELOPMENT

Before Triboard was developed in the mid 1980’s there werethree types of panel product available, particleboard, MDF(medium density fibre board) and OSB (orientatedstrandboard).

Particleboard was developed in post-war Europe and wasused for furniture, benchtops and other similar uses. MDFwas first produced in the United States in the mid 1960’s andbecame the material of choice where fine finish wasimportant.

OSB was developed in North America as a structural panel to

offer an alternative to plywood and by the 1980’s was wellestablished in wall sheathing and roof sarking applications.

The innovation which became Triboard, was to use fibre onthe face of a strand board to give a fine finish. Germanmanufacturer G Siempelkamp & Co manufactured presses forthe panel industry and were very familiar with panel products.They recommended OSB to provide the structural propertiesand fibre for the finish.

The Triboard mill at Kaitaia which integrates OSB and MDFstarted production in 1987.

The mill manufactures a number of boards, low, medium andhigh density, with fibre and strand only, for many differentuses. The range of uses is continually being expanded.

For further information refer www.triboard.com.The Juken Nissho Triboard Mill has a quality system whichconforms with ISO9001 and ISO14001


5





1-1

1

SECTION 1

SCOPE ANDINTERPRETATION

1.1 Scope .................................................... 1-2

1.2 Exclusion of Liability .......................... 1-3

1.3 Short specification .............................. 1-3

1.4 Recommended design procedure ...... 1-3

1.5 Definitions ............................................ 1-4

Figures1.1 Recommended Design Procedure ...... 1-6

1.2 Buildings covered by this manual ...... 1-7

1.3 Typical construction ............................ 1-8

1.4 Key to tables and charts ..................... 1-8

1.5 Key to details ....................................... 1-9

1





1-2

1.1 Scope

The TRIBOARD Panel Construction System presented in thismanual has been specifically designed in accordance with AS1170.1—1989, AS1170.4—1993, AS4055—1992 and AS1684.1

for Wind Classifications N1, N2 and N3 as defined in Table 1 of AS4055—1992 using design loadings for domestic buildings andwell established engineering methods. AS1684.2—1999 andBCA96 “deemed to satisfy” construction can be used to specify thefoundations, building platform and to determine the design loads fora trussed roof structure. Roof trusses must be separately designedby the manufacturer and fixed to the walls in accordance with therequirements set out in Section 9 of this manual. The sub-structure(below ground floor level) must be separately designed such as to AS 1684.2-1999.

The system as detailed in this manual is suitable for domestic andlight commercial buildings and similar buildings within the scope

outlined in clause 1.6.1 of AS1684.2—1999 with the followingadditional limitations:

1. Single storey or two storey construction.2. Maximum roof pitch - 35 degrees.3. Maximum eaves overhang - 600mm.4. Building height. Where the wind classification is determined

from AS4055, the maximum building height is 8.5 m and themaximum wall height is 2.7 m. Where AS 1170.2 is used todetermine the maximum design gust speed, the wind classifica-tion shall be determined from Table 1.1 of AS 1684.2, the maxi-mum building height is 10.0 m and the maximum wall height is3.0 m.

5. Maximum lintel span is determined from tables in Section 8 ofthis manual.

6. A rafter or truss roof may be used. The maximum truss span is12m .

7. The maximum spacing of bracing walls is 8 m where the ceilingdiaphragm is of 18 mm Triboard as per Section 12. The maxi-mum spacing of bracing walls is 5m where a conventional plas-terboard ceiling is used.

8. Snow loads shall not exceed 0.5 kPa on sheet roofs. Snowloads not allowed on tile roofs (weight greater than 0.4 kPa)without specific design.

9. Live load on upper floor shall not exceed 1.5 kPa. Live load onbalconies shall not exceed 2 kPa. Consequently this manual

may be used for houses but not Apartment buildings.10. The Wind Classification for the building site must be N1, N2 or

N311. Decks cantilevered off first floor levels are not permissible.

Buildings outside these limits must be specifically designed.

Semi-detached and apartment buildings based on the Triboardsystem are not covered by this manual and must be subject to aspecific design.

TRIBOARD wall panels are intended to be used for internal walls,and perimeter walls which are adequately protected against the

weather by a properly detailed conventional cladding system.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 1 - SCOPE AND INTERPRETA-



1-3

TRIBOARD Wall Panels must be protected from the weather duringconstruction with a sealer applied by the re-manufacturer.

TRIBOARD panels must be kept dry. In bathrooms, laundries orkitchens, panels must be protected by water resistant linings orotherwise adequately sealed.

Detailing must be such that no moisture can be trapped betweenthe lining and TRIBOARD panels.

Adequately detailed flashings are required at window and dooropenings in perimeter walls to protect the panel from exposure tomoisture.

For the purposes of this Manual the word “shall” or “must” refers topractices which are mandatory for compliance with BCA96. Theword “should” refers to practices which are advised or recom-mended.

1.2 Exclusion of Liability

The manufacturer accepts no responsibility for any loss, damage orclaims which may arise (including without limitation, claims innegligence) through the use of installation of the Triboard product ina manner inconsistent with this design and the Manual.

The information contained in this Manual is provided as a guideonly. The manufacturer of Triboard provides this information in itscapacity as manufacturer only. The responsibility of following andadhering to the specifications in this Manual is that of the user.

The specifications contained in this manual relate to normal siteconditions and other conditions set out in this Manual. Individual sitecharacteristics, conditions and circumstances may warrant changesto the specifications in this Manual. The manufacturer is not liable orresponsible for variations in the specifications made as a result ofthe circumstances of each site.

1.3 Short Specification

For use by Architects and others who are using the "TRIBOARDPanel Construction System" in their structures.

The "TRIBOARD panels and site fixings shall be installed in accor-dance with the current "Triboard Manual—Australia—August 2002”.

1.4 Recommended Design Procedure

When designing a TRIBOARD panel house, it is recommended thatthe following general design approach is followed:

1. Draw the desired floor layout plan within the limitations of therelevant bylaw requirements.

2. Select the roof and wall cladding systems and choose the level ofinsulation required from Section 10. If a wall separating tenancies is required contact your

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 1 - SCOPE AND INTERPRETATION



1-4

remanufacturer. The wall must be specifically designed.

3. Design the foundations and the building platform in accordancewith Section 3 of AS1684.2—1999, or AS2870-1996 taking intoaccount the specific site requirements.

4. Use Tables 8.2 to choose the batten size and spacing.

5. Determine the total bracing demand required in accordance withSection 8.3.6 of AS1684.2—1999 Section 8 and Table 8.2. Notethat this Triboard construction method is only applicable to AS 4055 Wind Classifications N1, N2 or N3.

Calculate the bracing available using the bracing values givenfor various panel widths and fixings in Section 5 of this Manual.Use all the panels in the building rather than special "bracingpanels" to try to avoid the need for special fixings. Note, do notinclude the nominal wall bracing strengths outlined in Paragraph

8.3.6.2 of AS 1684.2-1999.

A bracing calculation service is available through panelremanufacturers.

6. Select a truss roof to span between the supporting walls anddesign the roof construction to comply with the trussmanufacturers requirements and AS1684.2—1999, Paragraph7.1.2.4.

7. Check the lintels and their supports from the Tables in Section 8of this Manual.

8. Provide truss connections as per Section 9 of this manual.

9. Select the appropriate wall connections from the standard detailsin Section 8 of this Manual.

1.5 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this Manual, the following definitions apply:

1.5.1 INTEGRAL LINTEL. An integral Triboard lintel is the lintel leftabove an opening when an opening is cut from a single sheet ofboard




1-5

DOUBLER. A lintel can be one thickness of board, 36 mm thick. Ifa second layer of board or timber of at least 36 mm thickness isfixed on the outside in the batten space, the lintel is doubled.

SEPARATE LINTEL. A separate Triboard lintel is a lintel fixed be-tween two separate Triboard wall panels. It is usually over a ranchslider or similar wide door opening


1.5.2 PLATFORM FLOOR. A floor laid over the floor joists beforethe wall frames or panels are in place. Normally board covering thefull footprint of the house

1.5.3 LIGHT WALL CLADDING. A wall cladding having a mass notexceeding 30 kg/m2. Typical examples are weatherboards.

1.5.4 HEAVY WALL CLADDING. A wall cladding having a massexceeding 30 kg/m

2, but not exceeding 220 kg/m

2 of wall area. Typi-

cal examples are clay and concrete masonry veneers.

1.5.5 WALL BATTEN. Vertical timber, (See Section 2.1.4), fixed tothe outside of the external wall panels. It serves to:

1. Stiffen the wall, especially adjacent to openings2. Provide space for services and for insulation3. Keep water which may leak through the cladding fromwetting the board.

1.5.6 SHEET ROOF. Means a roof with roofing material (claddingand any sarking) having a mass (including the ceiling) not exceed-ing 40 kg per square metre of roof area (typical examples are steel,copper, and aluminium roof claddings of normal thickness, 6 mmthick corrugated cellulose cement, and the like, without sarking).

1.5.7 TILE ROOF. Means a roof with roofing material (cladding andany sarking) having a mass (including the ceiling) exceeding 40 kgbut not exceeding 90 kg per square metre of roof area (typical ex-amples are concrete tiles, slates and the like).

1.5.8 SARKING MEMBRANE

Means a pliable building membrane (building paper) which meetsthe provisions of AS4200. A sarking membrane is required betweenthe battens and all cladding systems.



1-6

Figure 1.1 Recommended Design Procedure

START

Draw the plan

Does it comply with Scope Section 1.1

Select the wall cladding

Choose the insulation fromSection 10

Is wall separating tenancies

NoYes

Fire andSTC rated -arrangespecificdesign

Foundation design in accordancewith AS1684.2—1999 Section 3

From Tables 8.2 findbatten size and spacing

Wall bracing designTable 5.1

Draw truss layoutSelect Truss connectionsto walls as per Section 9.

Lintels check Section 8

Two storey building

NoYes

Check walls andlintels for verticalloadsSection 8

End

End

No

Yes


Select Wall connectionsas per Section 8

Select the Roof sys-tem including cladding



1-7

Figure 1.2 - Buildings covered by this Manual




1-8

Figure 1.4 — Key to Tables and Charts

Figure 1.3 - Typical construction




1-9

Figure 1.5 - Key to details




2-1

1

SECTION 2

GENERAL

2.1 Safe Work Practices………...………… 2.2

2.2 Materials............................................... 2.3

2.3 Panel tolerances.................................. 2.5

2.4 Panel painting...................................... 2.5

2.5 Marking................................................. 2.5

2.6 Remanufacturer identification............ 2.5

Tables2.1 Panel quality table............................... 2.6

Figures2.1 Straight cut........................................... 2.6

2





2-2

2.1 Safe work Practices

Health and Safety precautions must be taken when working withheavy and large products such as Triboard sheets.

• Triboard masterboards are large and very heavy weighing up

to approx 200 kg each. Cut sheets and pieces can also beheavy and awkward. Appropriate manual lifting and handlingtechniques must be developed in accordance with guidelinesfrom the NOHSC (National Occupational Health and SafetyCommission—Commonwealth of Australia) and Workplace Australia.

• If lifting machinery such as fork-lifts are used appropriate train-ing and safety standards must be developed in accordancewith guidelines from the NOHSC (National OccupationalHealth and Safety Commission—Commonwealth of Australia)and Workplace Australia.

Health and safety precautions must be taken when working with allwood products.

• Exposure to wood dust and/or fomaldehyde may cause irrita-tion to the eyes, respiratory system and skin. Wood dust maycause sensitisation resulting in asthma, and result in dermati-tis by skin contact.

• Wood dust is classified as a known carcinogen. Repeated in-halation of wood dust over many years may cause nasal can-cer.

• Triboard Formaldehyde emissions meet the E1 class whentested in accordance with AS/NZS 4266.15:1995 Formalde-hyde is classified as a probable carcinogen.

•

Storage areas containing large quantities of Triboard™ mustbe adequately ventilated.

• Work areas must be well ventilated and kept clean. Sawing,sanding and machining equipment must be fitted with dust ex-tractors to ensure that dust levels are kept within standardslaid down by Worksafe Australia. If not, a dust mask conform-ing to AS/NZS 1715 and AS/NZS 1716 and eye protectionconforming to AS/NZS 1337 must be worn.

• Offcuts, shavings and dust must be disposed of in a mannerthat avoids the generation of dust and in accordance with therequirements of local waste authorities.

• In end use applications all product surfaces exposed to occu-pied space must be sealed.

Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet available from either JNL orour website www.jnl.co.nz and www.triboard.com. Reference canalso be made to Working Safely with Wood Panel Products pub-lished by the Department of Labour, Occupational Safety and Health,or Home Health Facts About Formaldehyde in Wood CompositeProducts published by the New Zealand Ministry of Health andBRANZ, available from Juken Nissho Ltd.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 2 - GENERAL



2-3

2.2 Materials

2.2.1 Triboard Handling and Storage

• Prior to cutting, the Triboard sheets must be conditioned toensure that the sheets reach their moisture equilibrium before

fixing to the ceilings or walls. This can be done by putting thesheets into fillet to allow air circulation around both sides ofthe sheets for a minimum of 24 hours.

• Avoid damage to Triboard face and edges, keep the panelsclean to avoid stains.

• Always stack Triboard horizontally, supported by gluts at 1200mm maximum centers, laid on a flat, level and dry surface.

• Triboard must be protected from direct sunlight whilst in stor-age or during the re-manufacturing process.

• For short-term storage on site, protect Triboard from directweather exposure with tarpaulins or similar.

• To prevent moisture build up under covers ensure there is a

proper air circulation around the pack.• Prior to painting or priming Triboard panels all dust should be

removed from the surface of the board.

• Surface sanding is recommended if a fine surface finish is re-quired.

2.2.2 Grade and thickness of Triboard

Wall panels shall be manufactured from strength grade A productcode (033 TTT) Triboard 36mm thick. The surface finish shall be F(first grade for top quality paint) or L (for paint or laminating andveneer) as appropriate for the panel finishing.Grade F is recommended and will be supplied unless L is specially

ordered and available.The standard density for TRIBOARD used for wall and ceilingpanels shall be 560 kg/m

3 or greater.

2.2.3 Ceiling board

Board used for ceilings shall be 18 mm thick Triboard product code(040 TTT)

2.2.4 Paint

The paint used on the panel faces and edges shall prevent waterentering the board during construction. A suitable surface test is

that when a wet sponge is placed on the painted surface and keptwet in the same place for 3 days, there is no raising of the surface .For edges, sitting a painted edge on a wet sponge for three daysdoes not cause swelling of more than 1 mm.

The paint shall also be suitable as an undercoat for any of thenormal finishing coats or for wallpapering.

Comment:




2-4

Paints which have been found satisfactory in practice are :

- Fountex Alkyd Board Sealer- Mirotone 809 Isolating coat (white)- 2 Pot Epoxy, eg Everdure- Benjamin Moore 2030

- Levenes Architectural Series- Santana Triboard Sealer- Resene Acrylic

The paint used must be mixed and applied in accordance with themanufacturers instructions.

2.2.5 Batten Timber

F7 or MGP10, H3 treated, kiln dried ex 50x50 or 75x50 RadiataPine (dry dressed 45x45 and 70x45). Moisture content 10% orless.

2.2.6 Nails

Nails are to be plain shank low carbon steel as specified in AS 2334and hot dip galvanised. Nails used are::

• 30mm x 3.15 or 3.55 diameter, gutter bracket or Lumberloknails

• 60mm x 2.8 diameter particle board flooring nails

• 75mm x 3.15 diameter flat head nails

• 100mm x 4mm flat head nails

2.2.7 Screws

Screws shall be manufactured and used in accordance with AS 3566.

2.2.8 Timber Connectors

All timber connectors shall be from galvanized or stainless steelplate. The exception to this is that ceiling brackets are to be alumin-ium.

Bottom plate anchors – cast in pressed steel anchors:Pryda BPA or BPAV,

Cyclone Straps – Pryda Cyclone Strap, QHS4, QHS6

Gang Nail Cyclone Tie 600

Ceiling bracket – Pryda Pergola Angle

Lumberlok Multigrip or triple grip25mm x 1mm, G250, Z275 steel strap

Steel angle – 40 x 30 mm folded from 1.2 mm galvanized steel strip,holes punched to suit fasteners.

Cast in tie down – 80 x 6 flat bar, 450 long, one end ragged, with

20 - 6 mm diameter holes at the other end in a 4 at 20 mm x 5 at 20mm grid. Hot dip galvanized after manufacture. Refer figure 8.6 (B).




2-5


2.2 Panel tolerances Grouted in tie down – D10 bar x 200 long welded to 110x200x2 mmplate drilled as for cast in tie down with 18 mm holes on a 20 x 20mm gird Hot dip galvanised after manufacture. See Figure 8.6(C).

Anchors, fixings and fasteners on external walls must be minimumgrade 304 stainless steel in the Sea Spray Zone which is definedas within 500 m of the coast or 100 m from a tidal estuary or har-bour.

2.3 Panel Tolerances

Panels manufactured for use in the Triboard Panel ConstructionSystem shall be accepted provided they comply with the criteria inthis manual. The quality table gives three options. Panel grade Bwill be supplied unless another grade is specified

2.3.1 Edge Profiling

Grooves for tongues - the tongue shall be a firm fit in the grooveand must not wobble. The step between the faces of adjacentpanels when fitted together shall be less than 0.5mm.

2.4 Panel Painting

2.4.1 Painted faces

The paint coating must be over the entire face of the panel withoutskips or holidays.

2.4.2 Painted Edges

Panel edges must be painted primarily to provide protection fromwater during erection. The paint shall be liberally applied to sealthe edge. Bottom edges must be given two coats to provideadditional protection.

2.5 Marking

All panels shall be clearly marked on an edge with an identificationnumber to assist with erection.

2.6 Remanufacturer Identification

Many panel remanufacturers provide a label to fix inside the hotwater cupboard for easy future identification



2-6

Figure 2.1 - Straight cut

PANEL QUALITY TABLE

For economy the grade appropriate to the end use should be specified

Panel grade A B

Recommended use Architectural purposes Normal residential

Identification on A Grade None

Board grade T T T T T T

Surface coating Faces painted sandedwith 180 grit edges

painted

Faces painted evenly

Cutting tolerances Edges, rebates within0.5mm

Edges, grooves etcwithin 1mm

Maximum difference 0.5 mm 1.0 mm

Butt jointed panels 0.5 mm 0.5mm

Straight cuts -Deviation 0.1 mm 0.5mm

Table 2.1 Panel quality table






3-1

1

SECTION 3

SITE REQUIREMENTS

3 .1 Site preparation prior to erection ....... 3-2

3.2 Weather exposure ................................ 3-2

3.3 Assembly of components ................... 3-2

3.4 Maintenance period ............................. 3-4

3





3-2

3.1 Site PreparationPrior to erection check that:

- The floor plan dimensions are correct and that the panel locating

hardware has been fixed to the floor in the correct positions.

- The floor is level.

- The truck can park in a position that allows convenient lifting ofpanels off the truck and onto the floor. It is well worthwhilemarking the panel number on the floor in the correct position priorto commencing erection.

3.1.1 Site Storage

Panels must not be stored on site.

3.2 Weather Exposure

As prolonged exposure to water causes the panels to swell and thiswill delay internal finishing, panels must be kept dry. The trussesand roof should be fitted as soon as practicable and if delay isexpected, the panels covered with tarpaulins or similar to keep themdry. Sweep the floor to remove ponded water.Panels must not be exposed to the weather for more than fourweeks.

3.3 Assembly of Components

3.3.1 General

The assembly of panels on site is a simple process but care mustbe exercised to put the right panels in the right place and the rightway round.

"If it doesn't fit, check the plan; if it doesn't figure, pick up thephone NOT the saw!"Panels must not be cut on site without the permission of theremanufacturer.

It is strongly recommended that erectors visit the site of a houseunder construction and discuss their proposed method with people

who have already erected panels.

TRIBOARD Marketing staff will be pleased to assist and to providesuitable contacts.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 3 - SITE REQUIREMENTS



3-3

3.3.2 Identification of Components

All panels are individually marked on an edge with an identifyingnumber.

3.3.3 Panel Erection Sequence

It is recommended that erection start from the "far" side of thebuilding and that panels are assembled so that each is fixed to onealready in place. Check that the panel remanufacturer knows theproposed sequence so that the panels are stacked in the order theyare required.

3.3.4 Temporary Bracing of Panels

Provided panels are fixed to each other little or no temporarybracing is required.

3.3.5 Alignment

Before the panels are fixed together, care should be taken toensure that they are plumb and that their top edges are level. Minoradjustments to panel locations may be made prior to fixing them tothe floor. Gaps 3 mm or wider at joints are not acceptable and mustbe closed.

3.3.6 Joinery

Joinery may be fitted directly into the openings, the 10 mmclearance associated with timber framing is not required.

3.3.7 Ceiling Panels

Ceiling panels may be erected similarly to wall panels. Erecttemporary supports in rooms where the panels are required to spanmore than 2.4m.

3.3.8 Panel handling

Some panel remanufacturers offer an erection service. Alternativelypanels may be erected using a crane or by hand. Note that a 4.0m x2.45m x 36mm panel weighs just under 200 kg. Care must betaken to prevent damage to the panels during erection and to keepthe panels correctly aligned and tightly butted.

Personnel working on the panels during erection should ensure thatthey avoid marking or dirtying the finished surfaces.

3.3.9 Joints

Joints must be made with care to prevent cracking. Ceilinginsulation must be installed prior to stopping. The moisture contentof the board at time of stopping must be 10% or less. Movementcontrol joints are recommended for large ceilings.




3-4

3.3.10 Trussed Roofs - Camber

Roof trusses are supplied with a built-in camber to allow fordeflection under load. About half of this deflection occursimmediately the truss is loaded and the other half occurs slowly

over the next year. When concrete tiles are used the camber canbe up to15-20mm for large spans and the resulting deflections say10mm when the tiles are laid and 10mm subsequently. In themajority of cases with a truss span of say 8m and a camber of10mm the deflection on loading will be of the order of 5mm with acreep deflection to follow of a further 5mm. As the ceiling panels are fixed to the tops of the wall panels duringerection and propped level from the floor over the larger spans theceiling will be level when installed. The trusses when erected withfull camber will span clear above the ceiling panels. It isrecommended that the ceiling cleats be fixed to the ceiling in theircorrect position but not fixed to the trusses until the roofing hasbeen laid and the trusses have settled. The cleats near the truss

supports, where movement is small, may be fixed before the roof islaid, but where movement is significant, i.e. near the centre of thespan, leave the temporary props in place and do not fix the cleatsuntil the roof has been in place for a few days.

With sheet metal roofs the deflection is much less, the camber issmall, and in most cases the cleats may be fixed immediately.

3.4 Maintenance Period

As the board used is dry and the panels stiff, maintenance is notnormally required.






4-1

1

SECTION 4

DURABILITY

4.1 General.......................................................... 4-2

4.2 Temperature and Humidity…………………..4-2

4.3 Sauna Rooms and Skillion Roofs…………..4-2

4





4-2

4.1 General

Triboard has been tested by BRANZ and in their opinion it will bedurable for 50 years in a dry environment. This manual covers build-

ing in coastal regions south of the Tropic of Capricorn.

4.2 Temperature and Humidity

The long term durability is mainly dependant on the Triboard walland ceiling panels and the connections remaining dry in service. Tri-board wall and ceiling panels must not be exposed to sustained highhumidity (greater than 95% RH), liquid water, or temperatures in ex-cess of 40°C over large areas for prolonged periods (e.g. by climateconditions or by ceiling heating installations) or 50°C in localised ar-eas (e.g. the area surrounding a heating flue penetration).

4.3 Sauna Rooms and Skillion Rooms

The use of Triboard wall and ceiling panels in Sauna rooms and thelike, and the use of Triboard panels in skillion roofs or flat roofs (lessthan 10° pitch) is not covered by this manual.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 4-DURABILITY





5-1

1

SECTION 5

BRACING DESIGN

5 .1 Bracing ............................................... 5-2

5.2 Ceiling bracing .................................. 5-2

5.3 Panel bracing values ......................... 5-2

5.4 Panel width ....................................... 5-2

Figures5.1 Small openings ................................. 5-3

5.2 Separate bracing walls ..................... 5-3

Table5.1 Panel bracing values ........................ 5-4

5





5-2

5.1 Bracing Criteria

Bracing demand shall be calculated according to AS1684.2—1999.Bracing resistance shall be calculated by summing the contributionsfrom all bracing walls using Table 5.1. Bracing resistance shall not

be less than bracing demand.

All full height panels, without window or door openings with dimen-sions exceeding that stipulated in Section 5.2, having a minimumlength of 600mm and fixed in the building in accordance with theappropriate details may be used as bracing elements.

Bracing elements must be evenly distributed throughout thebuilding to meet Section 8.3.6.5 of AS1684—1999. The nominalbracing values given in Table 8.17 of AS1684.2—1999 are not ap-plicable.

Each perimeter bracing line shall have a bracing rating of at least

the greater of 3.5 kN or 0.4 x L kN where L is the wall length.

5.2 Spacing of Bracing Lines

The maximum distance between parallel bracing lines shall be nomore than 8m centre to centre for Triboard ceilings, and 5 m forplasterboard ceilings.

5.3 Panel Bracing Values

As the panel will not deform significantly i.e. it remains square andas it is fixed to the floor so that it will not slide, the brace value for apanel is largely dependent on preventing it overturning. Widepanels have significantly more bracing value than narrow panels.

Including more of the fixings in the bracing calculation adds to theresistance to overturning. The brace values in the table for severaltypes of fixing preventing overturning may be added.

Two limits of maximum total bracing rating for a particular wall arestipulated at the bottom of Table 5.1. The first is to prevent slidingat the base of the wall and the second is to prevent failure of thewall “T” joint. Both these limits must be complied with.

The bracing values in Table 5.1 were determined for a 2.45 m highwall. The bracing values for higher walls of height, H, are obtainedby factoring values in these tables by 2.45/H. Many of the bracingvalues given in Table 5.1 apply for one direction of loading only,and not for the opposite direction. (e.g. Type 1.2). Hence, thebracing resistance must be shown to exceed bracing demand for allfour directions of loading.

5.4 Panel width

Wall panels joined together using either the exterior or interior joining details shown may be considered as one panel.

Small openings have little effect and windows up to 2000 mm widex 1200 mm high may be ignored. Internal door openings up to850mm wide (900mm trim size) may also be ignored provided thelintel is continuous on one or both sides of the opening and at least400 mm deep.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 5 - BRACING DESIGN



5-3

Fig 5.2 Separate bracing walls

Fig 5.1 “Small” openings


Walls interrupted by large openings and connected by separatelintels are taken as separate walls.



5-4

Table 5.1 Panel Bracing Values (kN) for a 2.45 m high wall

Note: Values must be reduced for walls higher than 2.45 m—see Paragraph 5.2


Fixing Type Panel width m

0.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Lifting end of panel held

down by 0.8m length ofexternal wall

1.2 1.3 2.2 4.5 6.7 8.9 11.1 13.4 15.6 17.8

Lifting end of panel helddown by grouted in 6kNconnection

2 1.1 2.2 4.9 7.6 10.3 13.0 15.7 18.4 21.1

Lifting end of panel helddown by grouted in12kN connection

2.1 2.0 4.1 9.2 14.3 19.4 24.6 29.7 34.8 39.9

External wall fixed totimber boundary joistwith nailed battens at

600mm crs

4.2 0.4 0.7 1.4 3.4 4.9 8.2 10.5 12.7 18.1

External wall fixed toconcrete floor with onefully nailed framinganchor near end

4.5 1.1 2.1 4.8 7.5 10.1 12.8 15.5 18.2 20.8

Lifting end of panel helddown by weight of 2mlength of internal wall

5 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.9

Lifting end of panel helddown by weight oft r us s es pa r a l l e l ,bearing on a wall fixedto the end (see rooftype)

7.SSheet

7.TTile

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.6

1.2

1.4

2.7

2.6

4.8

4.0

7.5

5.7

10.8

7.8

14.8

10.2

19.3

Wall panel resistingoverturning by its ownweight

8 - 0.1 0.4 0.8 1.4 2.2 3.2 4.3 5.7

Lifting end of panel helddown by weight of 2mlong wall crossing it inthe level above

205 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.2 2.0 3.0 4.2 5.6 7.3

Lifting end of panel helddown by weight of 2m

of floor bearing on it

206 - 0.1 0.5 1.1 2.0 3.1 4.5 6.1 7.9

Lifting end of panel helddown by weight of 2mof floor above bearingon wall fixed to the end

207 0.1 0.2 0.7 1.7 3.0 4.6 6.7 9.1 11.9

Limit 1

Total bracing limited byshear—sliding alongfloor

2.2 3.6 7.2 10.8 14.5 18.1 21.7 25.3 28.9

Limit 2

Total bracing limit forthe sum of Types1.2+5+7+205+207

1.6 2.7 5.4 8.2 10.9 13.6 16.3 19.0 21.8

Picture

Lifting end of panel helddown by weight oftrusses crossing

6 - 0.1 0.5 1.1 2.0 3.2 4.6 6.2 8.1





6-1

SECTION 6

FOUNDATION ANDSUBFLOOR FRAMING

6.1 General ………………….……………...6-2

Figures6.1 Fixing of wall plates

to foundation walls.........……............. 6-3

6.2 Fixing of wall plates tofoundation walls (brick veneer) ...... 6-4

6





6-2

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 6- FOUNDATION AND SUBFLOORS FRAMING

6.1 General

Refer to AS1684.2—1999 Section 3 for typical foundation detailsand subfloor framing.

Figure 6.1 shows details that must be used for fixing walls to con-crete or block work foundation walls.

Figure 6.2 shows details that must be used for fixing walls to con-crete or block work foundation walls for brick veneer construction.

Refer to Section 7 for timber floor construction and Figure 8.4 forconnection of walls to floors.



6-3

Figure 6.1 Fixing of wall plates to foundation walls.




6-4

Figure 6.2 Fixing of wall plates to foundation walls (brick veneer)






7-1

1

SECTION 7

FLOORS

7.1 Timber Floors .......................................... 7-2

7.2 Concrete Floors …………………………. 7-2

Figures

7.1 Cantilevered joistsboundary joist fixings ........................... 7-2

7.2 Supported boundary joist fixing .......... 7-3

7





7-2

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 7 - FLOORS

7.1 TIMBER FLOORSREFER TO SECTION 4 AS 1684.2-1999 Note that double joists are not required under continuous Triboardwalls on platform floors.

Floor framing and flooring shall comply with Section 4 and 5 of AS1684.2-1999. The required connections between boundary joistsand cantilevered joists are shown in Figure 7.1. Where the bound-ary joists are supported over bearers, the required connections areshown in Figure 7.2. The figures also show the required batten toboundary joist connections.

7.2 CONCRETE FLOORSConcrete floors shall be constructed in accordance with AS2870-1996.

Figure 7.1 - Cantilevered joists— boundary joist fixings



7-3

Figure 7.2—Supported boundary joist fixing (sheet and tile roof)

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 7 - FLOORS



8-1

1

SECTION 8

WALLS

8.1 General.............................…......................… 8-3

8.2 Systems to resist vertical loads...............… 8-3

8.3 Systems to resist horizontal loads .........… 8-38.4 Interior Wall panels ..................................... 8-3

8.5 Exterior wall panels .................................... 8-4

8.6 Lintels ..............................................…......... 8-10

8.7 Floor joist moisture content ....................… 8-10

Tables

8.1 Fasteners to fix battens .............................. 8-5

8.2(A) Panels as load bearing walls -

Light roof ................................................... 8-7

8.2(B) Panels as load bearing walls-

Heavy roof ................................................. 8-8

8.2(C) Panels as load bearing walls-

Lower storey ............................................... 8-9

8.3 Lintels supporting roof only ................….. 8-11

8.4 Lintels supporting roof, wall & floor .....… 8-12

8.5 Lintels supporting floor only..................… 8-13

8.6 Lintels over garage opening-Steel flitch.… 8-14

8





8-2

Figures

8.1 Batten fixings...........................................… 8-6

8.2 Fixings for separate lintel.......................… 8-15

8.3 Corner lintels.......................................….… 8-16

8.4 Wall to timber floor fixings.....................…. 8-17

8.5 Wall to concrete floor fixings...……………. 8-18

8.6 Exterior wall to concrete floor anchor/tie

down details…………………………………... 8-19

8.7 External wall set out—brick cladding..…… 8-20

8.8 Special fixings (Interior wall and exterior

wall to concrete floor).........................…...… 8-21

8.9 Floor finishing.............……………………….. 8-22

8.10 Corner wall fixings....................................… 8-23

8.11 Wall tee intersection fixings.....................… 8-24

8.12 Exterior wall butt joint...............................… 8-24

8.13 Interior wall butt joint................................… 8-25

8.14 Factory glued joint …………………………... 8-26

8.15 Interior wall movement butt joint.............… 8-27

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 8 - WALLS



8-3

8.1 General

All perimeter and internal wall panels are Triboard panels. Walls arenormally 2.40 or 2.45m high but may be up to 2.7 m high using thetables in this Manual. Where AS1170.2 is used to determine the

maximum wind gust speed, the maximum wall height is 3.0m.

Panels may be mixed with conventional light timber frames con-structed in accordance with AS 1684:Part 2.

8.2 Systems to resist vertical loads

Wall panels chosen from Tables 8.2 in this manual will carry theloads shown.

8.3 Systems to resist horizontal loads

Each of the wall panels fixed using the standard details shown inthis Manual will carry some bracing load. Some additional fixingmay be needed, and if so must be shown on the plan.

8.4 Interior Wall panels

All interior wall panels shall be made from a minimum of 36 mmthick Triboard. Battens are not required on interior walls. Interiorwalls shall be fixed to board flooring or to a concrete floor with theminimum fixings specified in Sections 8.4.1 or 8.4.2 as applicable. Additional fixings which may be specifically designed to increasepanel bracing ratings are shown in Figures 8.4 and 8.6 for a timber

and a concrete floor respectively.

Interior walls shall be fixed to any intersecting wall with 75 mm x3.15 mm diameter nails or 75 x 4.4 mm screws as shown in Figure8.10. Figure 8.13 shows details required at an interior butt joint. A movement butt joint detail is shown in Figure 8.15. Movement joints must be fitted in long corridors and similar situations at notmore than 8 m spacing

8.4.1 Connection to a concrete floor

The internal walls shall sit on a 30 mm x 40 mm x 1.2 mm steel an-gle folded from galvanised strip. Refer to Figure 8.5B. The vertical

leg of the angle shall be screwed to the wall with 30 x 4.4 mm di-ameter screws at a maximum of 200 mm centres. The horizontalleg of the angle shall be gun nailed to the concrete floor with 30 x3.15 mm diameter nails at a maximum of 200 mm centres.

8.4.2 Connection to a timber floor

The minimum fixing shall be 75 mm x 3.15 mm diameter nails skewdriven from both sides at a maximum of 100 mm centres as shownin Figure 8.4(C).




8-4

8.5 Exterior Wall Panels

All exterior walls shall be formed from Triboard of minimum thickness36 mm and stiffened with timber wall battens on the exterior face asillustrated in Figure 8.1. The specification for timber wall battens

shall comply with Section 8.5.3.

Exterior walls shall be fixed to board or a concrete floor with fixingsas specified in Sections 8.5.1 or 8.5.2 as applicable. Additional fix-ings which optionally may be used to increase a panel bracing ratingare shown in Figures 8.4 and 8.6. Figure 8.9 shows recommendedcoving, skirting and waterproof membrane details. Additional fixingsmust be shown on the drawings.

Exterior walls shall be fixed at corners with 75 mm x 3.15 mm diame-ter nails or 75 x 4.4 mm screws as shown in Figure 8.10. This figurealso shows the additional battens required to reinforce corners. Fig-ure 8.11 shows the details required at any intersection of interior and

exterior walls. Figure 8.12 shows details required at an exterior butt joint.

8.5.1 Connection to a concrete floor

The external walls shall sit on a 30 mm x 40 mm x 1.2 mm steel an-gle as shown in Figure 8.5 (A). The vertical leg of the angle shall bescrewed to the wall with 30 x 4.4 mm diameter screws at a maximumof 200 mm centres. The horizontal leg of the angle shall be nailed tothe concrete floor with 30 x 3.15 mm diameter concrete nails at amaximum of 200 mm centres.

Various methods of connecting the exterior walls to a concrete floor

may be used. The minimum provisions are that the exterior walls arefixed to the concrete floor with bottom plate anchors at spacing notexceeding that given in Figure 8.5 (C). The anchors must be fixed tothe wall as per Figure 8.5(a) or 8.6(a).

There shall also be a hold-down anchor fixing on either side of everydoor opening in exterior walls. Refer to figure 8.5C.

8.5.2 Connection to a timber floor

The minimum fixing shall be 75 mm x 3.15 mm diameter nails skewdriven through 2.5 mm diameter pre-drilled holes on both sides at a

maximum of 100 mm centres as shown in Figure 8.4 (A and B). Thebatten can extend past the floor and be directly nailed to a boundary joist as shown in Figure 8.4(A) or else butted against the floor and befixed to the boundary joist by 25 x 1mm G250 Z275, steel straps asshown in Figure 8.4(B).




8-5

8.5.3 Wall Battens

The battens shall be of timber specified in Section 2.1.4 and shallhave a moisture content not exceeding 10% at the time of fixing.The battens shall be of a size and spacing to comply with Table

8.2. Battens shall be used on the exterior panel face at all edges ofall openings and at building corners in the building façade asshown in Figure 8.1. Double Battens (or 100 x 50 mm or 100 x 75mm battens with twice the nailing as shown in Figure 8.1) are re-quired at the following locations:

∗ On the sides of openings which are both 2400 mm ormore wide and 600 mm from a stiffening panel. (A stiff-ening panel is a panel at 90º to the panel under consid-eration)

∗ On lintel and sill edges of windows more than 2000 mmwide in Wind Zone N2 or N3.

∗ Besides lower floor windows 1000 mm or more wide.

∗ On at least one edge of exterior corners.

Battens shall be fixed to the panel and adjacent structure as illus-trated in Figure 8.1 using either hot dipped galvanised nails or roof-ing screws of size given in Table 8.1. The minimum spacing fornails and screws is shown in Figure 8.1. Where required the nailsshall be angled to prevent dimpling of the inside surface. At the topand bottom of each panel the batten shall be fastened to the panelwith two screws or four nails at 100 mm centres.

Table 8.1 Fasteners to fix battens

Lower floor battens shall be fastened to the joist or blocking belowas illustrated in Figure 8.1 using either:

• Three 100 mm long hot dipped galvanised nails or two 100mm long roofing screws of diameter shown in Table 1. The

batten shall overlap the joist by a minimum of 150 mm; or• A 300 mm long 25mm x 1mm G250, Z275 steel strap brace

fixed with six 30 mm long x 3.15 mm diameter galvanisednails as illustrated in Figure 8.4(B).

For two storey construction the battens shall extend to overlap theabove floor panel by a minimum of 400 mm and shall be fixed tothe top panel with four nails or three screws. Alternatively the bat-tens in adjacent floors may be butted and a splicing batten extend-ing a minimum of 400 mm overlap of both top and bottom panels isnailed to each with four nails or screws.

Batten Size Nail Fixing Screw Fixing

50x50 mm (No packer) 75x3.15 mm 75 x 4.4 mm (12 gauge)

75x50 mm (No packer) 90x3.55 mm 90 x 5.2 mm (14 gauge)

50x50 mm (18mm packer) 90x3.55 mm 90 x 5.2 mm (14 gauge)




8-6


Figure 8.1 - Batten fixings



8-7


Table 8.2(A) - Panels as loadbearing walls

A single or top storey - Sheet roof

Trussspan (m)

Batten sizes of maximum wall height of:

2.4 (m) 2.7 (m) 3.0 (m)

At a maximum battenspacing (mm) of:



400 600 400 600 400 600

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50

N3 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50

N2 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

N1 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

Internal No battens required

walls

Wind clas-sification



8-8

B single or top storey - Tile roof

Trussspan (m)


2.4 (m) 2.7 (m) 3.0 (m)




400 600 400 600 400 600

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50

N3 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50

N2 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

N1 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

InternalNo battens required

walls



Table 8.2(B) - Panels as loadbearing walls



8-9


Table 8.2(C) - Panels as loadbearing walls

C Lower of two storeys or subfloor beneath one storey

Trussspan (m)


2.4 (m) 2.7 (m) 3.0 (m)




400 600 400 600 400 600

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

N3 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

N2 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

N1 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

No battens required

Internal Walls running 2.4 m or more between intersecting (stiffening) walls to be

walls 2 x 36 mm thick




8-10

8.6 Lintels

Table 8.3 shows the maximum lintel spans that may be used forvarious Triboard lintel types and depths.

8.6.1 Lintel Support Walls

Lintels may be butt jointed to the adjacent wall panels provided theconstruction is to the appropriate detail in Figure 8.2. Panelssupporting lintels shall have a length no less than 600 mm or200mm when fixed to another panel at right angles, as shown be-low. The fasteners shall be 60 x 3.15 mm flat head galvanisednails.

For construction at the gable end of a sheet roof building, withmaximum overhang of 600 mm and truss span not exceeding 8 m,corner lintels shall be constructed to comply with Figure 8.3. Forconstruction outside this scope, the corner lintels shall be specifi-cally designed.

8.7 Floor Joist Moisture Content

If an upper floor joist is placed wet, it will shrink up to 8 mm as itdries. This will create gaps at the floor level. To limit this effect,overlapping battens must not be fixed until the moisture content ofthe upper floor joist is less than 18%.




8-11

Maximum span (m) for lintel sizes (mm) listed below

Single thickness Double thickness

Separate lintel Integral lintel Separate lintel Integral lintel

200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400

6 1.4 2.0 2.5 2.2 3.0 3.7 1.7 2.4 2.9 2.4 3.3 4.0

Sheet 8 1.3 1.8 2.3 3.0 2.8 3.5 1.6 2.2 2.7 2.2 3.0 3.8

roof 10 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.8 2.6 3.3 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.9 3.6

12 1.2 1.7 2.1 1.2 2.4 3.1 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.7 3.4

6 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.7 3.3 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.9 3.6

Tile 8 1.2 1.6 2.1 1.8 2.5 3.1 1.4 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.7 3.4

roof 10 1.1 1.6 1.9 1.6 2.3 2.9 1.4 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.6 3.2

12 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.2 2.8 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.5 3.1

TrussSpan (m)

For roof pitch less than 15ο in Wind Classifications N2 and N3, uplift strength must be checked using AS 4055

For lintels supporting a gable end truss read off the table above for a truss span of 6m.


Table 8.3 - Triboard lintels supporting roof only, minimum 15o roof pitch



8-12


Table 8.4 - Triboard lintels supporting roof, wall and floor


Truss Single thickness Double thickness

Span (m) Separate lintel Integral lintel Separate lintel Integral lintel

200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400

Sheet 6 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.2 2.9 1.3 1.8 2.3 1.9 2.5 3.2

roof 8 1.0 1.4 1.8 1.3 2.0 2.6 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.4 3.0

Light 10 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.7 2.3 2.8

wall 12 0.9 1.3 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.9 1.6 2.2 2.7

Tile 6 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.4 2.1 2.7 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.8 2.4 3.0

Roof 8 1.0 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.7 2.3 2.8

Light 10 0.9 1.3 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.6 2.1 2.7

wall 12 0.7 1.1 1.5 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.1 2.6



8-13

1.1 1.5 1.8 1.4 2.1 2.8 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.4 3.0

0.9 1.3 1.7 1.1 1.7 2.3 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.6 2.2 2.7

0.8 1.2 1.6 1.0 1.5 2.0 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.5 2.0 2.5


Table 8.5 - Triboard lintels supporting floor only


Truss Single thickness Double thickness

Span (m) Separate lintel Integral lintel Separate lintel

200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400

6

9

12

Integral lintel



8-14

Maximum span for lintel sizes listed below (m)

Double thickness, Separate lintel of depth (mm)

200 300 400

Steel flitch Steel flitch Steel flitch

200x3 200x6 200x10 300x3 300x6 300x10 400x3 400x6 400x10

6 2.9 3.4 3.8 3.9 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.7 6.4

Sheet 8 2.5 3.1 3.5 3.6 4.3 4.8 4.5 5.3 6.0

roof 10 2.2 3.0 3.3 3.4 4.0 4.6 4.3 5.0 5.7

12 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.9 4.4 4.1 4.8 5.4

6 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.4 4.0 4.5 4.2 4.9 5.6

Tile 8 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.7 4.2 3.9 4.6 5.2

roof 10 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.5 4.0 3.7 4.4 4.9

12 2.0 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.4 3.8 3.6 4.2 4.7

TrussSpan(m)


Table 8.6 - Triboard lintels over garage openings ( Steel flitch option)



8-15

Figure 8.2 - Fixings for separate lintel




8-16


Figure 8.3- Corner lintels



8-17


Figure 8.4 - Wall to timber floor fixings



8-18

Figure 8.5 - Wall to concrete floor fixings




8-19

Figure 8.6 - Exterior wall to concrete floor anchor / tie down details




8-20


Fig. 8.7 External wall set out - brick cladding



8-21

Figure 8.8—Special fixings (Interior wall to floor)




8-22


Figure 8.9—Floor Finishing



8-23

Figure 8.10 - Corner wall fixings




8-24


Figure 8.11 - Wall tee intersection fixings

Figure 8.12 - Exterior wall butt joint



8-25


Figure 8.13 - Interior wall butt joint



8-26


Figure 8.14 - Factory glued butt joint



8-27


Figure 8.15 - Interior wall movement butt joint



9-1

1

SECTION 9

ROOF

9.1 Roof gables

9.2 Roof truss connections to walls

Figures

9.1 Roof gables .....................……………….. 9-29.2 Roof truss connection to walls ............. 9-2

9





9-2

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 9 - ROOFS

9.1 Roof Gables

At gable ends, the wall battens must be extended to the top ofthe truss top chord and be nailed to the top chord with 2/75 x3.15 diameter nails. Provided the batten spacing does not ex-

ceed 600mm this fixing is adequate to resist uplift wind force atthe gable end for wind zones N1, N2 and N3. The battens mustbe fixed to the wall with at least two nails or screws as per Table8.1.

9.2 Roof Truss Connections to Walls

Trusses must be fixed to the exterior walls as shown in Figure9.2. Fasteners must be at least 12mm from the ends of the Tri-board walls. The details shown are adequate for wind uplifts fortruss spans up to 12m and truss spacings up to 900mm. Outsidethis range uplift forces shall be subject to a specific design.

Refer to Figure 8.3 for connection of walls to trusses at cornerlintels.



9-3

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 9 - ROOFS

Figure 9.1 -Gable end wall fixings options

Figure 9.2 Truss to Wall fixings



10-1

SECTION 10

THE BUILDINGENVELOPE

10.1 Exterior wall coverings ........................ 10-2

10.2 Ventilation ............................................ 10-2

10.3 Electrical ............................................... 10-2

10.4 Plumbing ............................................... 10-2

10.5 Thermal insulation Requirements ...... 10-510.6 R Values for Typical Construction ..... 10-5

Figures

10.3.1 Electrical Services ............................ 10-3

10.3.2 Electric cable routing ………………. 10.4

10.4 Table 1 State of Victoria Minimum

R values ………………………………. 10.6

10.5 Total wall R-values for Triboard incombination with common cladding

materials ……………………………… 10.7

10





10-2

10.1 Exterior wall coverings

10.1.1 Roof and wall cladding

Any of the roof and wall cladding systems which satisfy AS 1684.2may be used.

10.1.2 Installation of external joinery

Install windows and doors to provide a suitable watertight sealbetween the cladding and the perimeter of the frame in accordancewith the manufacturer's instructions. Details which allow water tocontact the Triboard or which rely on sealant for waterproofing arenot permitted. All cladding systems must include a sarkingmembrane which is fixed to the outside face of the battens.

10.2 Ventilation

As TRIBOARD panel houses have very low air leakage it isnecessary to provide a small amount of permanent ventilation toprevent mould growth and the possibility of an accumulation ofmoisture. Ventilation requirements for housing are specified in Part3.8.5 of Volume 2 of the Building Code of Australia.Triboard is made using a low formaldehyde resin and meets the Australia/New Zealand E1 standard for formaldehyde content. Asthe panels are painted the emission from the surfaces is furtherreduced. In practice the ventilation required to prevent dampnessand mould growth is ample to prevent any accumulation offormaldehyde.

10.3 Electrical

Grooves and ducts to accommodate electrical wiring may be cut atthe factory or on site. Typical details are shown in Fig 10.3. Verticalgrooves are recommended as horizontal or diagonal grooves canweaken the panel.

10.4 Plumbing

Plumbing and drainage pipe work is normally accommodated ineach fitting and connected from the floor. Pipes may also be ac-

commodated between battens on external wall.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 10-ENVELOPE-ROOF AND WALL CLADDING



10-3

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 10 - ENVELOPE-ROOF AND WALL CLADDING

Figure 10.3.1 - Electrical services in panels



10-4

Figure 10.3.2 Electric Cable routing




10-5

10.5 Thermal insulation Requirements

There are specific performance requirements in Volume 2 of theBuilding Code of Australia for residential dwellings to ensure energyefficiency in three states, Australia Capital Territory, Victoria and

South Australia. Where a house energy rating is required, this mustbe established for a specific house design based on advice from apractitioner approved by the relevant state Authority for energy rat-ing consultancy.

10.5.1 Australia Capital Territory(BCA Appendix A ACT 5.2.1 Amendment 11) A new dwelling must achieve an ACT House Energy Rating of 4stars. In the case of an addition to an existing building, the mini-mum R value for an external wall shall be R1.5.

10.5.2 South Australia(BCA Appendix A SA 2.2 Amendment 10)

A new dwelling must achieve a house energy rating of at least 4stars when assessed with the Nationwide House Energy RatingScheme (NatHERS)

10.5.3 Victoria(BCA Appendix A Vic 1.2.3 Amendment 10)In Victoria residential dwellings must achieve a house energy ratingof 3 stars and meet the minimum insulation requirements for wallsfor options A or B in Figure 10.4.

R values for common building elements for assessment againstthese requirements are given in Vic Table 2 section Vic 1.2.3, Ap-pendix A Volume 2 of the Building Code of Australia.

10.6 R Values for Typical Construction

10.6.1 Floors

Total R Values for typical floor construction are given in Vic Table 2Section Vic 1.2.3, Appendix A, Volume 2 of the Building Code of Australia.

10.6.2 Walls

Total R Values for typical wall construction using Triboard can becalculated from Figure 10.5 for varying cavity insulation R values. Ifreflective foil is used in the cavity in place of bulk insulation the totalwall R-value is equivalent to 0.5m

2°C/W per reflective cavity. The R

value for 36 mm Triboard is 0.35m2°C/W.

10.6.3 Ceilings

The total R values for typical roof construction using bulk insulationin combination with Triboard or plasterboard ceilings can be derivedby adding 0.15 m

2°C/W to the bulk insulation R value.

The R value for an 18 mm Triboard ceiling panel is 0.15 .




10-6

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 10- ENVELOPE-ROOF AND WALL CLADDING

Figure 10.4 Table 1 State of VictoriaMinimum R value requirements



10-7

Figure 10.5 Total wall R values for Triboard in combination with common cladding materials.

TotalWallR Value




11-1

1

SECTION 11

INTERIOR LININGS

11.1 Stopping of joints between panels ....... 11-2

11.2 Wall lining in wet areas …....................... 11-3

Figures

11.1 Butt joint stopping ................................. 11-2

11.2 Vee butt joint .......................................... 11-2

11





11-2

11.1 Stopping of joints between panels

Joints between panels must be firmly fixed using one of the jointdetails shown in this manual. Joints may be stopped using normalplasterboard stopping materials as follows:

Both sheet edges bevelled 3 mm deep x 50 - 75 wide, bevels notpaintedUse bedding compound to fix paper tape (NOT glass tape)Finish with finishing compoundStop ceiling panels similarly

The board must be dry or the stopping will crack as the board dries.If the board has been wet use a moisture meter before stopping. Donot stop the joint until the moisture content is 10% or less .

Joint cracking is minimised by

• Keeping the panels dry.

• If they are soaked wet allow them to dry.

• As a guide allow 1 week drying per day of soaking.

• Using sufficient movement joints.

Figure 11.2 - Vee butt joint

Figure 11.1 - Butt joint stopping

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 11 - INTERIOR LININGS



11-3

11.2 Wall lining in wet areas

All Triboard surfaces in areas likely to be wetted on a regular basisare to be protected from moisture by fitting a separate wall liningmaterial designed and detailed for that purpose.

To protect the structure of the building and to maintain the amenityfor the occupants, water must be prevented from penetrating behindfittings and linings or into concealed spaces of sanitary facilities,bathrooms, laundries and the like.

11.2.1 Wet Areas

The following is taken from Part 3.8.1 of Volume 2 of the BuildingCode of Australia.The following wall areas must be protected against water in accor-dance with 11.2.2—11.2.4.

(a) Walls including corner junctions

(I) within an enclosed shower; or(ii) where the shower is not an enclosed shower, within1.5 m of the shower fitting, to a height of 1.8mabove the floor; and

(iii) immediately adjacent or behind a wet area fixture—(A) to a height not less than 150 mm above the fixtureis within 75 mm of the wall; and(B) for the full width and/or breadth of the fixture

(b) Floor, wall and bench junctions must comply with theflooring:

(i) The junction between the floor and wall -(A) if the wall and floor are required to be protectedand

(B) in bathrooms containing showers.(ii) The junction between the wall and any bench top orhorizontal surface containing a wet area fixture if thewall is required to be protected.

11.2.2 Materials—general

Materials used in wet area waterproofing and water resistant con-struction must be as follows:

(a) Flashing angles must be waterproof and have dimensions n o t

less than -(i) for wall angles—40 x 40 mm; and(ii) for floor angles—25 mm above finished adjoining floor

level x 50 mm.(b) Grout used for ceramic tiles must have suitable properties f o rthe intended use based upon the workability, shrinkage, g e n e r a ladhesion and be one of the following grout types:

(i) Cement based grout mix in accordance with thefollowing:(A) Wall tiles—grout must be 1 part Portland cement

based grout which is compressible(B) Floor tiles—grout must be 1 part Portland cement

and 2-4 parts sand mixed with water to a stiff con-

sistency. Up to 1/5 part lime may be added if addi-tional workability is required. Other admixturesshould only be used in accordance with suitablerecommendations.




11-4

(ii) Proprietary cement based grout must be in accordancewith the suitable recommendation for the type of tile pro-posed.

(c) Flexible sealants must be waterproof, neutral, self curing,flexible and mould resisting and must be compatible with theadjoining materials.

11.2.3 Protection of shower walls in wet areas

Wet area walls as defined in 11.2.1(a) must -

(a) be water resistant, consisting of -(i) smooth steel float finished concrete; or(ii) cement render not less than 10 mm thick with a hard

smooth finish; or(iii) terrazzo; or(iv) Pre-finished wall panels sealed with a flexible sealant at

joints; or(b) consist of a water resistant lining suitably attached or adhered

to a water resistant substrate with all joints sealed in accordancewith 11.2.4 and

(i) for the purpose of this clause, suitable water resistantwall substrates are -(A) wet area plasterboard sheet; or(B) fibre cement sheet; or(C) masonry; and

(ii) suitable water resistant wall linings are -(A) ceramic tiles; or(B) slate; or(C) stone tiles; or(D) sheet vinyl with a thickness not less than 1 mm

wear layer, fully bonded to the substrate, with

joints welded or seam-sealed.

11.2.4 Sealing of wall and floor junctions and joints

Wall, floor and bench junctions as defined in 11.2.1(b) and wall joints in wet areas must be sealed as follows:

(a) Vertical wall junctions in shower areas must be -(i) flashed; and(ii) where the flashing is above a shower tray or membrane,

it must be lapped inside the shower tray or membranenot less than 25 mm (where possible); and

(b) The junction between the wall and shower or bath must besealed with a flexible sealant.

(c) The junction between the wall and wet area fixtures orbenches containing a wet area fixture must be sealed with aflexible sealant.

(d) Tap fittings in shower recesses must be sealed with flexiblesealant or sealed with a waterproof flange.

(e) Finished wall and floor tile junctions must not be grouted, butsealed with a flexible sealant to create a flexible movement joint and the wall tiles must finish over the edge of the floortiles.

For suitable details of these junctions refer to “deemed to satisfy”

solutions shown in Figures 3.8.1.6 to 3.8.1.11, Volume 2 of theBuilding Code of Australia (BCA96).






12-1

1

SECTION 12

CEILINGS

12.1 18 mm Triboard ceiling ..........................12-2

12.2 Plasterboard ceiling ..........….............…..12-2

12.3 Downlights ...........................................….12-2

12.4 Movement joints ..................................….12-2

Figures

12.1 Triboard ceiling to wall joints ..............…12-3

12.2 Triboard ceiling movement joints ......….12-4

12.3A Junction of Plasterboard ceiling and

exterior Triboard wall at Truss location ..….…..12-4

12.3B Junction of Plasterboard ceiling and

exterior Triboard wall at truss location………….12-5

12.4 Ceiling to truss fixings …………………...12-5

12





12-2

12 CEILINGS

12.1 18 mm Triboard ceiling

Where 18 mm Triboard ceiling is used it must be connected to thewalls as per Figure 12.1A or 12.1B. The ceiling is connected to thetruss with cleats at a maximum of 600mm centres as shown in Fig-ure 12.4.

12.2 Plasterboard ceiling

A conventional plasterboard ceiling as per AS 1684.2-1999 may beused. In this case the distances between bracing lines must be amaximum of 5m. At each interior and exterior wall, jointing strips asper Figure 12.3A or 12.3B must be used.

12.3 Downlights

Ceiling downlights can cause considerable loss of thermal insulationif they penetrate the ceiling and allow hot air to escape. This canlead to increased heating costs or to condensation on the fittings.It is recommended that good quality downlight fittings are used.These fittings do not allow hot air to escape through the ceiling andthe insulation can be installed right up to and over the fitting. Asuitable fitting is the SD125.

12.4 Movement joints

Seasonal movement will occur in board particularly in ceilings.Ceiling movement joints must be provided. Refer to Figure 12.1(C).It is recommended that movement joint spacing does not exceed8m in buildings with a plan dimension greater than 12m.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 12 - CEILINGS



12-3


Figure 12.1 - Triboard ceiling to wall joints



12-4

Figure 12.2 Triboard ceiling movement joints

Figure 12.3 A –Junction of Plasterboard ceiling and exterior Triboard wall at truss location




12-5

Figure 12.3 B - Junction of plasterboard ceiling and exterior Triboard wall at truss location

Figure 12.4—Ceiling to truss fixings




13-1

1

SECTION 13

INDUSTRYINFORMATION

13.1 Panel suppliers in Australia .......... 13-213.2 Triboard Consultants/Advisors ..... 13-3

13





13-2

13.1 PANEL SUPPLIERS IN AUSTRALIA

13.1.1 Panel Suppliers and Re-manufacturers

Juken Nissho Ltd will distribute TTT Triboard via a Importer/Wholesaler in Australia. The Importer/Wholesaler will in turn appointand accredit Triboard re-manufacturers in Queensland, New SouthWales, Victoria and South Australia. Accredited re-manufacturers will process the Triboard constructionpanels to their customers requirements, in accordance with the pro-cedures outlined in this design and construction manual.

Please refer to www.triboard.com web site for information regardingthese appointments.

13.1.2 Panel Manufacture

In order to maintain a satisfactory standard of quality and to meetthe Triboard re-manufacturers warranty requirements only panelsmanufactured by an accredited re-manufacturer may be used asbuilding components.

The tolerances for panel manufacture and erection are included inSection 2 of this manual.

13.1.3 Re-manufacturers Identification

An approved Triboard label indicating the re-manufacturer name,address and the delivery date must be placed inside the hot water

cupboard or similar space above the door. This is to identify theremanufacturer should the owner need a further contact for anyreason regarding the work that was done.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 13 - INDUSTRY INFORMATION



13-3

13.2 Triboard Consultants/Advisors

Brown & Thomson Northland LtdNorthlandNew ZealandContact: Dave Brierly

Phone: +64 9 407 9332Email: [email protected]

Gale, RF & Associates Ltd AucklandNew ZealandContact: Bob GalePhone: +64 9 521 0364Email: [email protected]

Holmes Consulting Group AucklandNew Zealand

Contact: Warwick BanksPhone: +64 9 522 4596Email: [email protected]

Loughnan Hall and Thompson LtdHastingsNew ZealandContact: Tony LoughnanPhone: +64 6 876 6603Email: [email protected]

North Arc Design - Associate MemberKaitaia

New ZealandContact: Michael SloanePhone: +64 9 408 7401Email: [email protected]

Tay, Tony & Associates Ltd AucklandNew ZealandContact: Roger YeomanPhone: +64 9 377 3093Email: [email protected]

TRIBOARD is manufactured in Kaitaia New Zealand by:

Auckland HeadofficePO Box: 1450 AucklandNew ZealandPhone: +64 9 309 1750Fax: +64 9 309 0326Email: [email protected]

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 13 - INDUSTRY INFORMATION



14-1

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 INDEX

INDEX

Reference Section-Page

A Alignment............................................... 3.3.5 3-3

BBattens

Fixings to wall................................ Figure 8.1 8-6Fixings to boundary joist.................. ........ Figure 8.4 8-17Bracing values......................................... Table 5.1 5-4

CCamber

Trussed roof ................................... 3.3.10 3-4

Cantilevered boundary joist fixings............. Figure 7.1 7-2

Ceiling Board ceiling ................................ 2.1.2, 12.1 2-2,12-2Ceiling site butt joints...................… Figure 12.4 12-2Plaster board ceiling fixings............. Figure 12.3a 12-4Fixings to walls.............................. Figure 12.1 12-3

Fixings to truss....................................... Figure 13.5 13-5Ceiling panels......................................... 3.3.7 3-3Corner lintels.......................................... Figure 8.3 8-16

Corner wall fixings................................... Figure 8.10 8-23

DDensity of Triboard................................... 2.1.1 2-2 Doubler

Integral lintel with doubler................. 1.4 1-4Separate lintel……………................. 1.4 1-5

EElectrical services.................................... Figure 10.3 10-3

FFormaldehyde emission........................... 10.2 10-2

GGable

Gable end wall fixings....................... Figure 9.1 9-2

I Insulation................................................ 10.5 10-5

Wall R values................................. Table 10.6.2 10-8, 9Floor R values................................ Table 10.6.1 10-7Roof R values................................. Table 10.4 10-6



TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 INDEX

JJoints

Butt joints...................................... Figure 8.11-14 8-24-26Factory glue joint........................... Figure 8.14 8-26Movement butt joint......................... Figure 8.13 8-25

LLintels

Corner lintels.................................. Figure 8.3 8-16Integral lintel................................... 1.4 1-4Lintel Fixings ………………………. Figure 2 8-15 Separate lintel................................ 1.4 1-4

MMovement butt joint........................ Figure 8.13 8-25

OOpenings................................................ Figures 1,2 5-3

PPaint...................................................... 2.1.3 2-2 Plumbing................................................ 10.4 10-2 Polystyrene EPS ................................... Table 10.6.2 10-8Polystyrene XPS .................................... Table 10.6.2 10-8

RReflective Foil......................................... Table 10.6.1 10-7

SSpecific Design fixings

Exterior wall .................................. Figure 8.6 8-19Interior wall .................................... Figure 8.8 8-21

Documents

AUS Triboard Manua