Avgvi duvwm PvB - archive.org

Avgvi duvwm PvB

gyw³‡hv×v gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uz

(cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv KZ…©K miKvwifv‡e m ¿xK AevwÃZ †NvwlZ)

DrmM©

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†`k‡cÖg weewR©Z †bZv-†bÎxi Là‡i c‡o †h mg Í cÖwZfvevb ZiæY

QvÎ-hyeK Zuv‡ì fwel¨Z Ges Rxeb wemR©b w`‡q‡Q,

ÒAvgvi duvwm PvBÓ MÖš’wU Zuv‡ì Rb¨–

• †Kb GB B-eyK fvm©b •

eZ©gvb we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg d¨vwm÷ ˆm¦ikvlK, evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb A‰ea cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Avmj ˆckvwPKiƒc D‡b¥vPbKvix ZviB GKmg‡qi e¨w³MZ Dc‡`óv gyw³‡hv×v gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uz iwPZ ¯§„wZK_vg~jK Av‡jvob m„wóKvix Z_ëûj cÖvgvY¨ MÖš’ ÒAvgvi duvwm PvBÓ Gi Qvcv‡bv ms¯‹iY GLb `y®úÖvc¨| g~jZt eBwU cÖKv‡ki ci ivRbxwZ m‡PZb gn‡j e¨vcK mvov c‡o hvIqvq Ges †kL nvwmbvi cÖK…Z PwiÎ duvm n‡q covq ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e AvZswKZ †kL nvwmbv ÿgZvi `vc‡U eBwU wbwl× K‡i †`q| eBwU GL‡bv Kv‡iv e¨w³MZ msMÖ‡n _vK‡jI Zviv Zv K‡Vvi †MvcbxqZv mnKv‡i †i‡L‡Qb Ges nvZ e`j Ki‡Z Pvb bv m½Z Kvi‡YB| B›Uvi‡b‡U g~j eB‡qi †h me ¯‹¨vb Kiv Kwc cvIqv hvq Zv AvqZ‡b wekvj Ges LyeB A¯úó _vKvq A‡b‡KB eBwU AbjvB‡b Lyu‡R †c‡jI AvqZ‡b wekvjZvi ìæY WvDb‡jvW Kivi mvnm cvb bv g~jZt axi MwZi I ¯^í c¨vK‡Ri †bU eënvi Kivi Kvi‡Y| AvIqvgx jxM evsjv‡`‡ki m¦vaxbZv hy‡×i †bZ„‡Z¡i `vwe`vi n‡jI ¯vaxbZv cieZ©x mgq †_‡K GB `jwU cÖwZwbqZB Zvi d¨vwmev`x Pwi‡Îi ¯^vÿi †i‡L P‡j‡Q| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wPi ’vqx mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi Pig AMYZvwš¿K, ˆ¯îvPvix I wbwe©Pv‡i ¸g-nZ¨vi N„Y¨ ivRbxwZi Kvi‡Y AvIqvgx jxM I †kL nvwmbvi bMœ ˆcPvwkK gy‡Lvk †`‡ki Avcvgi RbmvaviY we‡kl K‡i Õ71 cieZx© cÖR‡b¥i Kv‡Q D‡b¥vPb K‡i †`qvi Rb¨ Ggb GKwU cÖvgvY¨ MÖ‡š’i Av‡e`b Av‡Mi †h †Kv‡bv mg‡qi Zzjbvq GLb Av‡iv eûjvs‡k e„w× †c‡q‡Q| ZvB mg‡qi `vwei †cÖwÿ‡Z cÖ_ev‡ii g‡Zv AvqZ‡b †QvU I †U·U †eBRW B-eyK (GK †gMvevB‡Ui g‡Zv) wcwWGd fvm©b wn‡m‡e cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ ÒAvgvi duvwm PvBÓ cÖvgvY¨ MÖš’wU wi-UvBc Kiv n‡jv| wKQz wKQz evbvb ms‡kvab Kiv Qvov †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb Kiv nqwb| wcwWGd fvm©bwUi AvqZb †e‡o hvIqvi Avk¼vq Qvcv‡bv g~j eB‡q ms‡hvwRZ mKj Qwe ev` †`qv n‡q‡Q| hviv GB wcwWGd fvm©bwUi mZ¨Zv wbwðZ n‡Z Pvb - Zviv AbjvBb †_‡K g~j eB‡qi ¯‹¨vb Kwç‡jv bvwg‡q wgwj‡q †`L‡Z cv‡ib, †`L‡Z cv‡ib Qwe¸‡jvI hv Z‡_ï cÖvgvY¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e|

hviv †kL nvwmbv‡K gyw³hy‡×i m¦c‡ÿi kw³ Z_v †`k‡cÖwgK I cÖMwZkxj e‡j g‡b K‡i Avm‡Qb, GB eBwU wbwðZfv‡eB Zv‡ì A‡b‡Ki fyj fvOv‡e; A‡b‡KB Dcjwä Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡eb Òmvg¨, gvbweKZv I BbmvdÓ hv wQj m¦vaxbZvi g~j †PZbv Zv †_‡K †`kevmxi

„wó wdwi‡q wfbœLv‡Z cÖevwnZ Ki‡Z ïaygvÎ UvKvq †Kbv eyw×Rxwe, †cvlv wgwWqv Ges A‡ ¿i †Rv‡i ÿgZv wPi ’vqx Kivmn fviZxq AvMÖvm‡bi bxj bKkv ev Íevq‡b †kL nvwmbv evKkvjx Kvq`vq Kxfv‡e gyw³hy‡×i cÖK…Z †PZbv weK…Z I fyjywÚZ K‡i gZcÖKv‡ki m¦vaxbZv, gvbevwaKvi, b¨vq wePvi I mykvmb‡K Mjv wU‡c nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|

†`k‡cÖwgK m‡PZb RbMY †h †hfv‡eB cviæb †kL nvwmbvi ˆckvwPK gy‡Lvk D‡b¥vPb Kivi Rb¨ ÒAvgvi duvwm PvBÓ Gi GB B-eyK fvm©bwU me©Î Qwo‡q w`‡q evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li ey‡Ki Dci RMÏj cv_‡ii g‡Zv †P‡c emv eZ©gvb we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg Rvwjg ˆm¦ikvlK, fvi‡Zi `vjvj Lybx †kL nvwmbvi `ytkvlY Ges mxgvnxb wbh©vZb-wbcxo‡bi weiæ‡× I bó-åó‡ì `j AvIqvgx jxM‡K ÿgZv †_‡K †U‡b-wnuP‡o bvwg‡q BwZnv‡mi Av¯ÍvKzu‡o wb‡ÿc Ki‡Z m‡e©v”P mvg_©¨ Abyhvqx Ae`vb ivLyb|

– B-eyK cÖKvkK

20/01/2014 Bs

cÖ_g cÖKvk

¯^vaxbZv wèmÕ 1999

bvgKiY

hw` cywj‡ki D‡Ï‡k ¯xKv‡ivw³g~jK Revbe›`x †`qv n‡Zv Zvn‡j

MÖš’wUi bvg n‡Zv Ò161 avivi Revbe›`xÓ| hw` g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui D‡Ï‡k¨

¯xKv‡ivw³g~jK Revbe›`x †`qv n‡Zv, Zvn‡j MÖš’wUi bvg n‡Zv Ò164 avivi

Revbe›`xÓ| wKš‘ RbZvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †`qv ¯xKv‡ivw³g~jK Revbe›`xi †Kv‡bv

aviv †bB| †h‡nZz GB MÖš’wU RbZvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †`qv GK ai‡bi ¯xKv‡ivw³g~jK

Revbe›`x, ZvB MÖš’wUi bvg w`‡qwQ ÒAvgvi duvwm PvBÓ| hw` ejv hvq wg÷vi X Aciva K‡i‡Q| wg÷vi X Gi duvwm PvB| Zvn‡j wb‡R Aciva Ki‡j wK ejv

DwPZ bv Avgvi duvwm PvB? ZvB MÖš’wUi bvg †i‡LwQ ÒAvgvi duvwm PvBÓ|

– †jLK

f‚wgKv

Avgvi wek¦vm AZx‡Zi mZ¨ NUbv ev BwZnvm Rvbv _vK‡j fwel¨‡Zi w`K-

wb‡ ©kbv nqZ Avm‡Z cv‡i| ïay Avwg RwoZ AvwQ ev Rvwb Ggb mg¯Í

NUbvejxB †Kej GLv‡b wjwLZ n‡jv| Z‡e Avgvi †`Lv ev Rvbvi evB‡i Ab¨

wKQz †bB, GUv G‡Kev‡iB wVK bq| Aek¨B Av‡Q|

Avgiv hviv mvaviY gvbyl, Avgv‡ì GKUv wel‡q wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e †h, hviv

ivRbxwZ K‡ib ev †`k Pvjvb Zviv Avgv‡ì PvB‡Z Lye †ewk wKQz †ev‡Sb Zv

†gv‡UI bq| Avgv‡ì aviYvi Avkcvk w`‡qB Zv‡ì aviYv| Avgv‡ì PvB‡Z

Lye †ewk Ávb, †gav, †hvM¨Zv ivRbxwZwe`‡ì Av‡Q, Ggb fveeviI †Kv‡bvB

KviY †bB| eis †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ev Íe wel‡q Zv‡ì a¨vb-aviYv I Áv‡bi PvB‡Z

Avgiv hviv mvaviY gvbyl, Avgv‡ì Ávb-eyw× †mB Zzjbvq A‡bK †ewk| AšÍZ

evsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZK I cÖkvmK‡ì †ejvq GUv †lvjAvbv mZ¨|

KZ wbP cÖK…wZi Ges KZ †jvfx I ÿz ª g‡bve„wËi gvby‡liv KZ Dc‡i

Avmxb, mvaviY RbZvi Kv‡Q Zv Zz‡j aivi Rb¨B GB eB †jLvi cÖqvm Avgvi|

evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡ì cÖwZ we‡kl K‡i AvMvgx cÖR‡b¥i gvby‡li Rb¨ GB

ai‡bi eB ev cy¯ÍK †jLv DwPZ wK-bv G wb‡q we Íi wPšÍv-fvebv, Avjvc-

Av‡jvPbv Ges ZK©-weZ‡K©i ci Ae‡k‡l wm×všÍ wb‡qwQ – ivRbxwZi AšÍiv‡j

†Kv‡bv mZ¨ I Z_¨‡K evavMÖ¯Í bv K‡i, hZUzKz †R‡bwQ ZvB-B Rbm¤§y‡L Zz‡j

aie GB †f‡e †h, Zv hw` eZ©gvb Ges AvMvgx w`‡bi gvby‡li †Kv‡bv Kv‡R

jv‡M|

GB MÖš’ ev cy¯ÍK c‡o †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv cvVK Avgv‡ì AK_¨ fvlvq

MvwjMvjvR Ki‡eb, cvi‡j Zvi PvB‡ZI fqvbK Pig `Ð †`‡eb| Avevi †Kv‡bv

†Kv‡bv cvVK nqZ mZK©-mveavb n‡q we Íi wPšÍv-fvebv K‡i AvMvgx w`‡bi

ivR‰bwZK c_ Pj‡eb|

cvVK wK Ki‡eb, GUv GKvšÍB cvV‡Ki wbR¯ e¨vcvi| Z‡e Avgiv GUv‡K

cÖKvk Kiv Avgv‡ì GKvšÍB `vwqZ¡ g‡b K‡iwQ|

Avgv‡ì mg~n wec‡ì K_v wPšÍv K‡i mK‡jB GKev‡K¨ eBwU GLb cÖKvk

bv K‡i, †kL nvwmbv hLb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x _vK‡eb bv, ZLb cÖKvk Kivi

c‡ÿ ivq w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ Avgiv ¯vgx-¯¿x mw¤§wjZ mK‡ji iv‡qi mv‡_ GKgZ

nBwb GB †f‡e †h, gvby‡li (†kL nvwmbvi) ~e©j gyn~‡Z© Zuvi wcQ‡bi K_v duvm

K‡i †`qvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv mr mvnm ev K…wZZ¡ _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|

ZvB fwel¨Z weo¤bvi m¤¢vebv †R‡bI me©kw³gvb Avjøvni Dci fimv

†i‡L cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi kvmb Avg‡jB GB MÖš’ ev cy¯ÍK cÖKvk Kivi

wmÜvšÍ wb‡qwQ| Rxeb gv‡b civwRZ nIqv bq, Aweivg hy× Kiv| iv‡L Avjøvn

gv‡i †K?

cvVK g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib, cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv miKvwifv‡e Avgv‡ì

(¯^vgx- ¿x) †K AevwÃZ †NvlYv Kivi Rb¨B Avgiv GB RvZxq †jLv ˆZwi

K‡iwQ| nu¨v, GUv LyeB mwZ¨ K_v| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ivóªxqfv‡e Avgv‡ì

(¯^vgx- ¿x) †K AevwÃZ †NvlYv K‡i Pig AK…ZÁZvi cwiPq bv w`‡j nqZ

Avgv‡ì gv_vq GB MÖš’ †jLvi welqwU AvmZ bv|

cywjk, wmAvBwW, wWwe, AvBwe, GbGmAvB, wWwRGdAvB–mn iv‡óªi mKj

ms ’vq Avgv‡ì ¯vgx-¯¿x‡K AevwÃZ †NvlYv K‡i †`qv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

H Av‡`kB Avgv‡ì gv_vq GB eB ev MÖš’ †jLvi welq G‡b †`q| GLv‡b hv

†jLv n‡q‡Q Zvi meUzKzB ev¯Í‡ei Qwe| Avgviv ïay mZ¨ wel‡qi Dci K_vi

gvjv †Mu‡_wQ|

Avgv‡ì wPšÍvq GB welq¸‡jv RvwM‡q †`qvi Rb¨ cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv‡K RvbvB AvšÍwiK abëv`| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi H †eAvBwb

Av‡`‡ki cÖwZ Avgiv hvicibvB K…ZÁ| KviY †mB m~Î †_‡KB GZ wKQzi

we Ívi|

5 6

iv‡óªi bvMwiK‡K AevwÃZ †NvlYv ïay msweavb we‡ivax Ges †eAvBwbB

bq, GUv n‡”Q kc_ev‡Kï ¯úó ei‡Ljvc|

1996 mv‡ji 23†k Ryb mÜ¨v mvZUvq e½fe‡bi ìevi K‡ÿ cÖavbgš¿xi

c` MÖn‡Yi mgq †kL nvwmbv kc_ wb‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, ÒAvwg †kL nvwmbv

mkÖ×wP‡Ë kc_ Kwi‡ZwQ †h, Avwg AvBb Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x c‡ì

KZ©e¨ wek¦ ÍZvi m‡½ cvjb Kwie|

ÒAvwg evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZ AK…wÎg wek¦vm I AvbyMZ¨ †cvlY Kwie| Avwg

msweav‡bi iÿY, mg_©b I wbivcËv weavb Kwie Ges Avwg fxwZ ev AbyMÖn,

AbyivM ev weiv‡Mi ekeZ©x bv n‡q mK‡ji cÖwZ AvBb Abyhvqx h_vwenxZ

AvPiY Kwie|Ó

ivRbxwZ n‡”Q gvbyl‡K †`qvi Rb¨, cvIqvi Rb¨ bq| GB welqwU wb‡q

1981 mv‡ji 17B †g †kL nvwmbv †`‡k †divi w`b †_‡K 1997 mv‡ji 15B

Rvbyqvwi ch©šÍ `xN© cÖvq 16 ermi weivgnxb Ø‡›ì Aemvb NwU‡q Ae‡k‡l

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Avgv‡ì Zvwo‡q w`‡jb| Avgiv civwRZ njvg| ZeyI

eySv‡Z cvijvg bv, ivRbxwZ gvbyl‡K †`qvi Rb¨, cvIqvi Rb¨ bq| mwZ¨ K_v

ejvi cÖej „pZv Avgv‡ì‡K cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv I Zvi cwiev‡ii Kv‡Q

wec`RbK K‡i Zz‡jwQj| e¨w³MZfv‡e whwb Amr, †eCgvb, wbgKnvivg Ges

gybv‡dK, wZwb wK ivóªxq ev mgvR-Rxe‡b mr Cgvb`vi n‡Z cv‡ib?

– †jLK

m~PxcÎ

69-Gi MY Av‡›`vjb, 70-Gi wbe©vPb, ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv,

gyw³hy×, wmivR wkK`vi nZ¨v, GK`jxq kvmb, †kL gywRe

nZ¨v, L›`Kvi gy ÍvK ivóªcwZ, †Kvj nZ¨v, 3iv b‡f¤i

Af~¨Ìvb, 7B b‡f¤‡ii wmcvnx wecøe

12

7B gv‡P©i fvlY 14

fvi‡Z cjvqb 41

evNv wmwÏKxi Kv‡Q hvIqv 47

cÖwZev` hy× 52

hy‡× civRq 67

nvwi‡q hvIqv †kL gywR‡ei RbwcÖqZv wdwi‡q Avbv 71

ivRbxwZ‡Z †kL nvwmbv 74

GB wRqv †mB wRqv bq 76

ivóªcwZ wRqv nZ¨v 77

†jevbb †Uªwbs 81

Gikv`‡K ÿgZv MÖn‡Yi Avgš¿Y 83

1983–Gi ga¨ †deªæqvwi‡Z QvÎ nZ¨v 84

†mwjg I †`‡jvqvi nZ¨v 90

†`k‡ ªvnx Amf¨ evwnbx 92

gmwR` mwi‡q †djyb 94

1986–Gi wbe©vPb 94

GZ eo gvV 99

Av‡›`vjb Av‡›`vjb †Ljv 100

wQqvwki cvj©v‡g›U †f‡½ †`qv 101

Gikv` cZb I ZË¡veavqK miKvi 102

Gikv` cZ‡b †mbvevwnbxi f‚wgKv 103

c`Z¨vM bvUK 105

UvKvi wewbg‡q ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x 106

Rvnvbviv Bgvg I †kL nvwmbv 107

†Mvjvg Avhg I †kL nvwmbv êVK 108

1992–Gi wn› y-gymwjg ivqU 109

†dwi AvUwK‡q †d‡j ivLv 113

7 8

†kL nvwmbv I †Mvjvg Avhg 2q êVK 116

wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwe 116

†kL nvwmbv Ges †gqi nvwbd 120

iægv‡j wMømvwib 120

AvR Avwg †ewk Lve 121

UvKvi fvM w`‡Z n‡e 121

Rvnvbviv Bgvg g‡i‡Q, Avc` †M‡Q 122

†kL nvwmbvi †Uª‡b ¸wj 123

dzj wQUv‡bv 125

KzKzi cvjv 126

¯vgx- ¿x ivZ KvUvbwb 128

†kL nvwmbvi †`‡n AvNvZ 129

A™¢zZ PwiÎ Kg© I fvM¨ 130

ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji mv‡_ we‡q wè bv 131

me hvb, †ei nb 132

GK †KvwU mvBwÎk jÿ UvKv 133

†bÎx GLb bvgvR co‡Qb 134

Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb K‡i‡Q 135

Avwg LvBwQ 135

e½eÜzi 76–Zg Rb¥ Drme 137

nu¨v nu¨v, wfwWIUv my›ì n‡Zv 139

†kL nvwmbv‡K wg‡_¨ ejv 140

AvIqvgx jx‡M wm×v‡šÍi ¸iæZ¡ 141

RbZv‡K kvšÍ _vKvi e³…Zv 142

LvZv-Kjg, †Mvjv-eviæ` I w`M¤î 144

†Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K ÿgZv `L‡ji cÖ Íve 146

cywj‡ki jvk PvB, †g‡jUvwii jvk PvB 147

†eCgvbUv Avm‡Q 149

bvqK, gš¿x I RbZvi gÂ 151

AvR wcKwbK 152

†kL nvwmbv–†Rbv‡ij bvwmg êVK 153

wn› yiv †bŠKvq †fvU †`q 154

ivRvKv‡ii Kv‡Q Avmb wewµ 155

wn› yivB Avgvi ej-fimv 156

ˆmb¨ bvgv‡bvi wb‡ ©k w`‡q P¤úU 157

Avey †nbvi AvMgY 163

HK¨g‡Zï miKvi 164

iIkb Gikv‡ì cv aiv 166

†eviLvIqvjx‡ì wmU 167

nvwbd GjwRAviwW gš¿x 169

mevi gyL Kv‡jv 169

Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb 170

†emvgvj 171

yB †ev‡bi fvMvfvwM 173

†kqvi evRvi †K‡j¼vwi 174

Iiv QqRb gyw³‡hv×v 175

W±‡iU wWwMÖ cvIqv 177

cÖ_g Av‡gwiKv mdi 178

hy× wegvb µq 181

Kv‡ì wmwÏKx ebvg †kL nvwmbv 182

wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì ivóªcwZ nIqv 186

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi weiæ‡× gvgjv 188

M½v I cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg Pzw³ 190

Ni fv½v Avm‡Q Ges gwnDwÏb gš¿x 192

AevwÃZ †NvlYv 194

`k UvKvi †bv‡U †kL gywR‡ei Qwe 194

cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z †KD gviv hvqwb 195

†bZv I Dc‡`óv‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© 198

KzËvi RvZ 201

wRjøyi ingvb †m‡µUvwi 201

UvKv Avi jvk 202

¯vgxi mv‡_ bv _vKv 204

wn› yiv †Kb AvIqvgx jxM mg_©b K‡i 205

cvPvi 206

f¨vU cÖZ¨vnvi 207

†Ljv 207

9 10

wcÖq-AwcÖq, cQ‡›ì-AcQ‡›ì 208

cÖ_g wb‡ ©k 208

†Kv‡bv †bZv wQj bv 209

wPšÍv-fvebv QvovB ejv 209

ivRv-ev`kv, ivóªcwZ-cÖavbgš¿x 210

Iqv`v 210

PvwP-fvwZwRi KvÐ 211

B‡qm †gW¨vg, Kv‡i± †gW¨vg 212

Kv‡K cÖ_g mr n‡Z n‡e 213

my‡i my‡i K_v ejv 215

†Kv‡bv wkÿv †bqwb 216

Kvi KZ UvKv 217

¯vaxbZv †NvlYv, wèm, RvZxq cZvKv, RvZxq m½xZ weZK© 218

7B gv‡P©i fvlY t wUª‡gbWvm KwÛkb¨vj w¯úP 225

waK& †kL gywRe waK&! 229

Wv‡qwii cvZv 230

wkÿv 230

gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv 232

Avgvi, †kL gywR‡ei I †kL nvwmbvi duvwm PvB 233

Z‡e Zvi Av‡M 233

Dcmsnvi 235

69–Gi MY Av‡› vjb, 70–Gi wbe©vPb, ^vaxbZv †NvlYv, gyw³hy×, wmivR

wkK vi nZ v, GK`jxq kvmb, †kL gywRe nZ v, L› Kvi gy ÍvK ivóªcwZ, †Rj

nZ v, 3iv b‡f¤i Af‚¨Ìvb, 7B b‡f¤‡ii wmcvnx wecøe

1969 mvj, evOvwj ex‡ivwPZ GK msMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g KvivMvi †_‡K †ei

K‡i Avbj evOvwji Awemsevw`Z †bZv †kL gywRei ingvb‡K| Z_vKw_Z

AvMoZjv lohš¿ gvgjvi Awf‡hv‡M cvwK¯Ívb miKvi GK cÖnmbg~jK wePvi

KiwQj †kL gywRei ingvbmn mvgwiK–†emvgwiK–evOvwj wKQz †jv‡Ki| wKš‘

evsjvi gvbyl GB gvgjv Ges wePvi MÖnY K‡iwb| ïay ZvB bq, GB gvgjv Ges

wePv‡ii weiæ‡× Zxeª MY Av‡›`vjb K‡i evOvwjiv cvwK¯Ívb miKvi‡K eva¨ Kij

GB gvgjv cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z Ges †kL gywReimn mKj Awfhy³ e¨w³‡K wbtkZ©

gyw³ w`‡Z| ZLb evsjv‡`k wQj cvwK¯Ív‡bi Dcwb‡ek| Avgv‡ì GB †`‡ki

bvg wQj c~e© cvwK Ívb|

¯vaxbZvi c‡i GB AvMoZjv lohš¿ gvgjvi Awfhy³ e¨w³‡ì mv‡_

wg‡jwg‡k hZUzKz Rvbv hvq, Zvn‡jv – cvwK Ívb †h Avgv‡ì Dcwb‡ek evwb‡q

†i‡LwQj Ges a‡g©i bv‡g evOvwj‡ì †kvlY Ki‡Q, GUv Zviv ¯úó eyS‡Z

†c‡iwQj| Jcwb‡ewkK †kvlY I evOvwj‡ì we‡kl K‡i evOvwj ˆmwbK‡ì

ewÂZ Kivi welq¸‡jv cvwK¯Ívb mvgwiK evwnbxi AšÍf‚©³ evOvwj‡ì g‡a¨

KvbvNylv PjwQj| cvwK Ívb †mbv evwnbxi evOvwj ˆmwbKiv Zv‡ì cÖvc¨ cvIbv

wb‡q fve‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡iwQj| wVK Ggb gyn~‡Z© cvwK Ívb miKvi †kL gywReimn

mvgwiK-†emvgwiK evOvwj‡ì †MÖdZvi K‡i I AvMoZjv lohš¿ gvgjv mvRvq|

GB gvgjvq Awfhy³iv cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K evsjv‡`k ¯vaxb Ki‡e GB iKg

†Kv‡bv KwVb wm×všÍ †mB mgq †bqwb| Z‡e µgk wb‡R‡ì AwaKvi m¤ú‡K©

m‡PZb n‡q cowQj| GB gvgjvq Ggb Awfhy³I wQ‡jb whwb wKQzB Rvb‡Zb

bv| ïay evOvwj nIqvi Kvi‡YB g~jZt Awfhy³ n‡qwQ‡jb| cvwK¯Ívb Avgv‡ì

AwaKvi m‡PZbZv‡K A¼z‡iB aŸsm K‡i †`qvi Rb¨B GB AvMoZjv lohš¿

gvgjvi m~ÎcvZ K‡iwQj| Ggb A‡bK Awfhy³ wQ‡jb hviv XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U

Avmvgxi KvVMovq uvov‡bv Qvov †kL gywRe‡K Avi KL‡bvI †`‡Lbwb|

GK cÖZz¨‡l cvwK Ívb †_‡K evsjv‡`k‡K ¯vaxb K‡i †djvi Ggb †Kv‡bv

¯úó cwiKíbv ev wm×všÍ Awfhy³‡ì Kv‡ivB KL‡bv wQj bv e‡j AvMoZjv

gvgjvi cÖvq Awfhy³‡ì KvQ †_‡K Rvbv hvq| Awfhy³‡ì cÖvq mK‡jB e‡jb,

evOvwj‡ì AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ ivLv Ges wbh©vZ‡bi Rb¨B g~jZt cvwK Ívb

miKvi wZj‡K Zvj evwb‡q GB AvMoZjv gvgjv `v‡qi K‡ib|

11 12

c~e© cvwK Ív‡bi evOvwjiv cvwK Ív‡bi wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡× ex‡ivwPZ MY

Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g †kL gywRemn Awfhy³ mKj‡K gy³ K‡i Av‡b|

1969 mv‡jB QvÎ‡bZv †Zvdv‡qj Avn‡g`–Gi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ GK

QvÎ-RbZvi wekvj mfvq †kL gywRe‡K e½eÜz Dcvax †`qv nq| 1970 mv‡j

cvwK Ívb miKvi RvZxq cwil` (GgGbG)–Gi Ges cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡ì

(GgwcG) wbe©vPb †NvlYv K‡i|

gRjyg Rb‡bZv gvIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvlvbxi †bZ…‡Z¡ wKQz msL¨K

evgcš’x ivR‰bwZK †bZv wbe©vPb eR©‡bi †Rviv‡jv AvnŸvb Rvbvb| gRjyg

Rb‡bZv gvIjvbv fvlvbxi e³e¨ wQj, cvwK¯Ívwb miKv‡ii wbe©vPbx duv‡` cv bv

w`‡q c~e©vÂj‡K ¯vaxb Kivi msMÖvg ïiæ Kiv DwPZ| Zv‡ì †køvMvb wQj,

Òwbe©vP‡b jvw_ gvi, c~e©evsjv ¯vaxb Ki\Ó Aciw`‡K e½eÜz †kL gywRei

ingvb wbe©vP‡b AskMÖn‡Yi c‡ÿ wQ‡jb Ges wZwb RbMY‡K wbe©vP‡b Ask

†bqvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| RbMY e½eÜzi AvnŸv‡b Af‚Zc~e© mvov w`‡jv| †MvUv c~e©

cvwK Ív‡b e½eÜz Ges Zvi `j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ wbe©vPbx †Rvqvi e‡q

†Mj| wbe©vP‡b e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb I Zvi `j AvIqvgx jxM‡K evOvwjiv

c~e© cvwK Ív‡bi 169wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ gvÎ 2wU Qvov evwK 167wU Avm‡b weRqx

Kij| †gvU †fv‡Ui kZKiv 92wU †fvU e½eÜz Ges Zvi `j †c‡jb|

e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb mvov cvwK Ív‡bi msL¨vMwiô †bZv n‡jb|

cvwK Ív‡bi ZrKvjxb ivóªcwZ †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lvb e½eÜz †kL gywRe‡K

cvwK Ív‡bi fvwe cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Ki‡jb| wKš‘ cwðg cvwK Ív‡bi

msL¨Mwiô †bZv RyjwdKvi Avjx fz‡Æv Ges cvwK Ív‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U †Rbv‡ij

Bqvwnqv Lvb e½eÜz‡K cÖavbgš¿xZ¡ Ges Zvi `j AvIqvgx jxM‡K cvwK Ív‡bi

ÿgZv bv †`qvi bvbvb PµvšÍ ïiæ Ki‡jb| c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivR‰bwZK cwiw ’wZ

n‡jv Av‡MœqwMwii g‡Zv| evOvwjiv Pig DrKwÉZ, D‡ËwRZ| ivRc_ wgwQ‡j

wgwUs–G cÖKw¤úZ| N‡i N‡i gvby‡l gvby‡l D‡ØM, DrKÉv| mgMÖ evOvwj †Kej

ZvwK‡q Av‡Q RvwZi Awemsevw`Z †bZv †kL gywRei ingv‡bi w`‡K| wZwb hv

ej‡Qb †Pv‡Li cj‡K evOvwj ZvB Ki‡Q| BwZnv‡mi cvZvq A‡bK BwZnvm

ªæZ †cwi‡q hv‡”Q| †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Kg©m~Px‡Z ïay †kL gywR‡ei †NvlYv

Ki‡Z hZUzKz †`wi – wZwb †h †Kv‡bv Kg©m~Px †NvlYv †`qvi m‡½ m‡½ we y¨r

MwZ‡Z evOvwj Zv ev ÍevwqZ Ki‡Q| DËvj RvwZi gy‡L ïay GKwU †køvMvb MR©b

K‡i wdi‡Q, Òevsjv‡`k ¯vaxb Ki, evsjv‡`k ¯vaxb Ki|Ó

7B gv‡P©i fvlY

GiB g‡a¨ e½eÜz †kL gywRe 7B gvP© †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b (†mvn&ivIqv ©x

D`¨vb) RbZvi mfv WvK‡jb| †fvi bv n‡ZB jÿ jÿ evOvwj †im‡Kvm©

gq`v‡b mg‡eZ n‡jv ¯vaxbZv cÖ‡kœ †bZvi ivq †kvbvi Rb¨| jÿ jÿ RbZvi

mvg‡b G‡m uvov‡jb RbZvi †bZv e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb| wKš‘ e½eÜz

†kL gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡iI ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv Ki‡jb bv|

cvwK Ívb miKv‡ii Kv‡Q e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb g~jZt 4wU KwÛkb ev `vwe

w`‡q Zvi fvlY †kl Ki‡jb|

e½eÜz ej‡jb, Avgvi `vwe gvb‡Z n‡e cÖ_g, Zvici wZwb we‡ePbv K‡i

†`L‡eb G¨v‡m¤wj‡Z hv‡eb, wK hv‡eb bv| hwÌ e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb

ej‡jb, Gev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡ì gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯vaxbZvi

msMÖvg|

ZviciI ejv hvq bv e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb 71–Gi 7B gvP© ¯vaxbZv

†NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| 7B gvP© , 1971 wZwb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡iI ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv

K‡ibwb| AÁvZ Kvi‡Y wZwb 71–Gi 7B gvP© cwi¯‹vifv‡e ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv bv

K‡i, ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv Ki‡Z GKUzLvwb evwK ivL‡jb Ges cvwK Ívb miKv‡ii

D‡Ï‡k¨ 4wU `vwe Ki‡jb| Avevi Zvi GB `vwe †g‡b †bqvi Rb¨ cvwK¯Ívb

miKvi‡K mywbw ©ó †Kv‡bv mgqmxgvI †eu‡a w`‡jb bv| Z‡e Zuvi wb‡ ©‡k †h

Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb ZLb PjwQj Zv eRvq ivLvi wb‡ ©k wZwb †`b Ges †mB

mv‡_ bZzb K‡i †hvM Ki‡jb LvRbv-U¨v· me eÜ K‡i †`qvi wb‡ ©k| niZvj

cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡jb| ¯‹zj-K‡jR, Awdm-Av`vjZ, KjKviLvbv me eÜ †NvlYv

Ki‡jb| gvm †k‡l Kg©Pvix‡ì †eZb wb‡q Avm‡Z ej‡jb| wk‡íi gvwjK‡K

kÖwg‡Ki †eZb †cuŠ‡Q w`‡Z ej‡jb| †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb Zuvi msev` cwi‡ekb bv

Ki‡j evOvwj‡ì †iwWI †Uwjwfk‡b †h‡Z wb‡la Ki‡jb|

Av‡›`vjb bZzb †gvo wbj| evOvwj eyS‡Z cvij ¯vaxbZv Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv

MZ¨šÍi †bB| wKš‘ wVK K‡e †_‡K ¯vaxbZvi hy× ev gyw³hy× ïiæ n‡e Ges

Kxfv‡e n‡e Zv wb‡q wQj A¯úóZv I mskq| Kv‡iviB mwVK †Kv‡bv cwi¯‹vi

aviYv wQj bv|

†Kv‡bv GK AÁvZ Kvi‡Y 71–Gi 7B gvP© e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb

GKKfv‡e my¯úó K‡i ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv Ki‡jb bv †Kb, Zv KL‡bv †Kv‡bv w`b

cwi¯‹vi Rvbv hvqwb|

13 14

we‡kølY Ges mvgwiK cwimsL¨v‡b Rvbv hvq, 7B gvP© e½eÜz †kL gywRei

ingvb hw` cvwK¯Ív‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK© wQbœ K‡i evsjv‡`k‡K ¯vaxb mve©‡fŠg †`k

wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Ki‡Zb Ges my ~i 12 nvRvi gvBj ~i †_‡K Avmv cvwK Ívwb

ˆmb¨‡ì e›`x Ki‡Z ej‡Zb, Zvn‡j cvwK Ívwb ˆmb¨‡ì mv‡_ evOvwj ˆmb¨,

BwcAvi, cywjk I RbZvi †h jovB ev hy× n‡Zv, †mB hy‡× gvÎ K‡qK w`‡bi

g‡a¨B mvgvb¨ i³cv‡Zi wewbg‡qB Avgv‡ì †`k gy³ ev ¯vaxb n‡Zv|

1971 mv‡ji 7B gvP© ch©šÍ evsjv‡`‡k (ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK Ívb) cvwK¯Ívwb

ˆmb¨ msL¨v GZB bMb¨ wQj †h, cvwK Ívwb cvÄvwe, wmwÜ, †ejyP ˆmb¨ evOvwj

ˆmb¨‡ì Kv‡Q Amnvq Ges gyLv‡cÿx wQj| Avevi GB cvwK¯Ívwb cvÄvwe, wmwÜ

†ejyP ˆmb¨‡ì AwaKvskB wQj Awdmvi| hviv hy× cwiPvjbv K‡i, wKš‘ mivmwi

hy× K‡i bv| GB bMb¨ msL¨K cvwK¯Ívwb ˆmb¨‡K aivkvqx ev civ Í Ki‡Z

evOvwj ˆmb¨, BwcAvi (AvR‡Ki wewWAvi) cywjk Ges mv‡o mvZ †KvwU RbZvi

†Kv‡bvµ‡gB mßv‡ni †ewk mgq jvMZ bv|

wKš‘ AÁvZ Kvi‡Y 7B gvP© e½eÜz gywRei ingvb ¯úófv‡e mivmwi

¯vaxbZv †NvlYv bv Kivq Ges Awbw ©ó mgq wb‡q cvwK¯Ív‡bi Kv‡Q 4wU `vwe ev

kZ© †`qvi my‡hv‡M cvwK¯Ívb wèv-ivwÎ Zv‡ì ˆmb¨ Ges A ¿ evsjv‡`‡k

G‡b‡Q| 1971 mv‡ji 7B gvP© ch©šÍ evsjv‡`‡k cvwK¯Ív‡bi hZ bb‡e½wj ˆmb¨

wQj, 7B gvP© †kL gywRei ingv‡bi fvl‡Yi ci (7B gvP© †_‡K 25†k gvP©

ch©šÍ) cvwK¯Ívb evsjv‡`‡k Zvi ˆmb¨ I A ¿m ¿ †Mvjveviæ` eû¸Y †ewk e„w×

K‡i Ges cvwK Ívwb bb‡e½wj ˆm‡bï msL¨v hLb evOvwj ˆmb¨ msL¨vi PvB‡Z

eû¸Y †ewk e„w× nq †Kej ZLbB cvwK Ívwbiv evOvwj‡ì AvµgY ïiæ K‡i|

e½eÜz 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y cvwK¯Ívwbiv AvµgY Ki‡j iv¯ÍvNvZ eÜ K‡i †`qvi

K_v e‡j‡Qb| hvi hv Av‡Q ZvB wb‡q †gvKv‡ejv Kivi K_v e‡j‡Qb| LvRbv-

U¨v· eÜ K‡i †`qvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| evsjv‡`k †_‡K cvwK¯Ív‡b UvKv-cqmv

cvVv‡bv eÜ K‡i‡Qb|

d‡j cvwK¯Ívb 7B gvP© †_‡K ZrKvjxb XvKv–†ZRMuvI wegvb e›ì w`bivZ

24 N›Uv ïay ˆmb¨ Avbvi Kv‡R eënvi K‡i‡Q|

cvwK Ívb Avgv‡ì †`k †_‡K 12 nvRvi gvBj ~ieZ©x GKwU †`k| ïay

~iZ¡UvB gyL¨ bq| Avgv‡ì evsjv‡`k Avi cvwK Ív‡bi wVK cy‡ivcywi gvSLv‡b

i‡q‡Q cvwK¯Ív‡bi wPi kÎæ‡`k fviZ| GB gvSLv‡bi kÎæ fvevcbœ wekvj

fviZ Uc‡K cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì evsjv‡`‡k Avmv wKQz‡ZB m¤¢e wQj bv| cÖkœB I‡V

bv| †fŠMwjK Kvi‡YB AwZ mn‡R ¯í mg‡q ¯í cÖvYnvwb‡Z Avgv‡ì †`k

¯vaxb nIqv LyeB m¤¢e wQj, DwPZ wQj| Ggb nIqvI wewPÎ wQj bv †h,

webvhy‡×, webv i³cv‡ZB Avgv‡ì †`k ¯vaxb n‡Zv| wKš‘ Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZvi

Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi eë¯’v bv wb‡q e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb KZ…©K cvwK Ívwb‡ì `xN©

mgq †`qvi Kvi‡YB Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ wÎk jÿ gvbyl‡K cÖvY w`‡Z n‡jv

(wÎk jÿ knx` Gi GB msL¨v wb‡qI cÖkœ Av‡Q)| yB jÿ gv-†evb‡ì B¾ZI

w`‡Z n‡jv (GB yB jÿ exiv½bv‡ì msL¨v wb‡qI cÖkœ Av‡Q)| Avm‡j †kL

gywRei ingvb gvbwmKfv‡e ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z wQ‡jb bv| A_ev cvwK¯Ívb

†_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q Avjv`v ¯vaxb ivóª wZwb Pvbwb| cvwK¯Ívwbiv Avgv‡ì Dci

¯vaxbZv hy× ev gyw³hy× Pvwc‡q w`‡qwQj Ges Zv‡ì AvµgY I nZ¨vh‡Ái

d‡jB Avgiv gyw³hy× Ki‡Z eva¨ nB| A_©vr cvwK ÍvwbivB Avgv‡ì ¯vaxb n‡Z

eva¨ K‡i‡Q|

1971 mv‡ji 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y †kL gywRei ingvb cvwK Ív‡bi Kv‡Q †h

4wU `vwe K‡iwQ‡jb –

(1) mvgwiK AvBb gvk©vj ÔjÕ Zz‡j wb‡Z n‡e,

(2) mg Í †mbvevwnbxi †jvK‡ì e¨viv‡K wdwi‡q wb‡Z n‡e,

(3) †hme nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi Z`šÍ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges

(4) RbcÖwZwbwa‡ì Kv‡Q ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e|

A_©vr e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb‡K cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x Ki‡Z n‡e|

GB `vwe¸‡jv hw` cvwK Ívwbiv †g‡b wbZ Zvn‡j wK Avgv‡ì gyw³hy×

Ki‡Z n‡Zv? cvwK Ívb †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q Avgv‡ì Avjv`v ¯vaxb ivóª evsjv‡`k

n‡Zv? Kwe wbg©‡j› y ¸‡Yi g‡Z †kL gywRei ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i `vwe cvwK Ívb

hw` †g‡b wbZ Zvn‡j Avi hvB †nvK, GB hvÎvq evsjv‡`k ¯vaxb n‡Zv bv|

e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb wQ‡jb cvwK¯Ív‡bi wbe©vwPZ RbcÖwZwbwa‡ì

†bZv| cvwK¯Ívwbiv hw` †kL gywRe‡K wbe©vwPZ †bZv wn‡m‡e ÿgZv w`‡Zv, hw`

e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x n‡Zb, Zvn‡j †Zv Avgiv

wbðqB cvwK Ívb †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q Avjv`v ¯vaxb ivóª nZvg bv, ev e½eÜzI Zv

PvB‡Zb bv| RbMY KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ evOvwj RbcÖwZwbwa‡ì Kv‡Q cvwK Ívb

mvgwiK kvmKiv ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡e Ges evOvwj RbcÖwZwbwaiv cvwK¯Ívb

miKvi cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb GB †Zv wQj e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi cÖK…Z

K_v| cvwK Ív‡bi msL¨vMwiô wQj evOvwj| GB msL¨vMwiô evOvwjiv cvwK¯Ívb

kvmb Ki‡e GUvB wQj e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi g~jgš¿| NUbv cÖev‡ni

HwZnvwmK we‡køl‡Y e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb wQ‡jb cvwK Ív‡bi †kl e¨w³,

whwb cvwK¯Ív‡bi ALÐZvq „pfv‡e wek¦vmx wQ‡jb|

15 16

HKëÜ cvwK Ív‡bi cÖwZ †kL gywRei ingv‡bi wQj c~Y© AvbyMZ¨|

cvwK Ívb wew”Qbœ n‡q hvK, cvwK Ívb UzK‡iv n‡q hvK, e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb

KL‡bvB Zv Pvbwb| Avi Pvbwb e‡jB cÖ‡qvRbxq my‡hvM _vKv m‡Ë¡I wZwb

cvwK Ívb †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q Avjv`v ¯vaxb ivóª ˆZwii Rb¨ †Kv‡bv ev Íe Kvh©Ki

f‚wgKv †bbwb|

†kL gywRei ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY n‡jv wUª‡gbWvm KwÛkb¨vj w¯úP|

†h fvl‡Y cvwK Ívb iÿvi †kl †Póv wn‡m‡e †kL gywRei ingv‡bi Kv‡Q ÿgZv

n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii kZ© †`qv n‡qwQj| Avevi ÿgZv bv †`qv n‡j cvwK Ívb wew”Qbœ n‡q

hvIqvi mZK© ûuwkqvwi †`qv n‡q‡Q|

7B gv‡P©i e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb Gi fvlY wQj wek¦ BwZnv‡m AwØZxq

GK Abb¨ HwZnvwmK fvlY, †h fvl‡Y wZwb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡iI ¯vaxbZv

†NvlYv K‡ibwb|

†mB Kvi‡YB Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv †NvlYvi ZvwiL ev w`b Ges ¯vaxbZvi

†NvlK wb‡q wPi weZK©|

Avgiv 26†k gvP©‡K ¯vaxbZv wèm wn‡m‡e cvjb Kwi Zvi g~j KviY

n‡jv, 25†k gvP© wèvMZ ivZ eviUvi ci cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbx NygšÍ evOvwji

Dci ˆcPvwkK AvµgY I MYnZ¨vhÁ ïiæ K‡i| 25†k gvP© wèvMZ Mfxi ivZ

A_©vr Nwoi mgq Abyhvqx Zv 26†k gv‡P©i cÖ_g cÖni aiv nq e‡jB 26†k

gvP©‡K Avgiv ¯vaxbZv wèm wn‡m‡e cvjb Kwi| cÖK…Zc‡ÿ cvwK¯Ívwb

ˆmwbK‡ì AvµgY Avi Nwoi mgq wn‡m‡e wb‡qB 26†k gvP©‡K ¯vaxbZv wèm

aiv nq| GB wn‡m‡e ewj cvwK Ívwbiv Avgv‡ì 26†k gv‡P©i Av‡M A_ev c‡i

†h †Kv‡bv w`b AvµgY Ki‡Zv Zvn‡j †mB w`bwUB Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv wèm

wn‡m‡e wPwýZ n‡Zv|

mwZ¨ K_v ej‡Z wK, †KDB mwVK mg‡q c~Y©v½iƒ‡c Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv

†NvlYv K‡ibwb| hwÌ ejv n‡q _v‡K 25†k gvP© ivZ 12Uvi ci †UwjMÖv‡gi

gva¨‡g e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ †UwjMÖv‡gi

H †NvlYvi h_v_©Zv Lyu‡R cvIqv hvqwb| †UwjMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g e½eÜz †kL gywRei

ingv‡bi ¯vaxbZv †NvlYvwU ZLbKvi mg‡qi mv‡o mvZ †KvwU evOvwji †KD

†c‡q‡Q ev ï‡b‡Q AvR ch©šÍ Ggb `vwe †KD K‡iwb|

23†k gvP© n‡jv cvwK¯Ívb wèm| GB 23†k gv‡P© cvwK Ívb wè‡m

ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK Ívb (eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k) mn mvov cvwK¯Ív‡bi mKj miKvwi-

†emiKvwi cZvKv †Zvjv n‡Zv| kn‡ii iv Ív¸‡jv cvwK Ívwb cZvKv w`‡q

mvRv‡bv n‡Zv Ges ivóªxq I mvgvwRK bvbv Abyôv‡bi ga¨ w`‡q 23†k gvP©

cvwK Ívb wèm cvjb Kiv n‡Zv| wKš‘ Õ71–Gi 23†k gvP© cvwK Ívb wè‡m c~e©

cvwK Ív‡bi (eZ©gvb evsjv‡`‡ki) †Kv_vI, †Kv‡bv miKvwi †emiKvwi fe‡b

cvwK Ívwb cZvKv †Zv Dov‡bv nqwb eis RbMY †¯”Qvq ¯ZtùyZ©fv‡e G‡`‡ki

(ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi) cÖwZwU miKvwi-†emiKvwi fe‡b, cÖwZwU evwoN‡i,

iv¯ÍvNv‡U, MÖvgevsjvi Mv‡Q Mv‡Q GgbwK e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei evmfe‡b mey‡Ri

gv‡S jvj e„‡Ëi Dci njy` i‡Oi gvbwPÎ LuwPZ ¯vaxb evsjvi cZvKv Dwo‡q

w`‡q cvwK Ív‡bi hewbKvcvZ NUv‡jv| cvwK Ívb wè‡m cvwK Ívwb cZvKv Doj

bv| cvwK¯Ívwb ˆmbïv KzuPKvIqvR Kij bv| cvwK Ív‡bi †Kv‡bv Aw¯ÍZ¡B Lyu‡R

cvIqv †Mj bv| ZviciI e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb ¯xK…Z cš’vq †mvRvmywR

¯úó K‡i evsjvi ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡ibwb| wK GK AÁvZ Kvi‡Y †kL gywRei

ingvb gyL †Lv‡jbwb, bxie wQ‡jb| ¯vaxbZv †NvlYvi êa ivR‰bwZK ØvwqZ¡

†KejgvÎ †kL gywRe‡KB evOvwj RvwZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ †kL gywRei ingvb

RvwZ KZ…©K cÖ`Ë ivR‰bwZK `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡ibwb|

H cwiw ’wZ‡Z Ab¨ Kv‡iv c‡ÿ ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv Kiv m¤¢e wQj bv| †Kbbv

†kL gywRe wQ‡jb evOvwji Avkv-AvKv•ÿvi cÖZxK| Z‡e cvwK Ívwbiv fq, †jvf

†Kv‡bvwKQzi wewbg‡qB e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZv Pvb bv GB iKg

†Kv‡bv ¯xKv‡ivw³ Av`vq Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| hw` †kL gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZvi

wec‡ÿ †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡Zb, Zvn‡j Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv cvIqv wWwdK¨vj n‡q

†hZ|

Aciw`‡K 27†k gvP© cÖZz¨‡l PÆMÖvg KvjyiNvU †eZvi †K› ª †_‡K †gRi

wRqvDi ingvb yB iKg ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv †`b| †gRi wRqvDi ingvb cÖ_g

†NvlYv †`b, ÒAvB A¨vg †gRi wRqv †cÖwm‡W›U wccyjm wicvewjK Ae

evsjv‡`k, AvB wW‡K¬qvi BbwW‡c›U Ae evsjv‡`k|Ó

†gRi wRqvDi ingvb wØZxqevi †NvlYv †`b, ÒAvB A¨vg †gRi wRqv, AvB

wW‡K¬qvi BbwW‡cÛ Ae evsjv‡`k Ab wenve AvIqvi †MÖU wjWvi †kL gywRei

ingvb|Ó

†gRi wRqvDi ingvb †e½j †iwR‡g›U, BwcAvi (Bó cvwK Ívb ivB‡dj)

cywjk Ges RbZv‡K cvwK Ívb Avwg©i weiæ‡× hy‡× Suvwc‡q civi AvnŸvb Rvbvb

Ges mvov ywbqvi Kv‡Q gyw³hy‡×i c‡ÿ mvnv‡hï Av‡e`b Rvbvb| hwÌ

wRqvDi ingv‡bi 27†k gvP© mKv‡j GB †NvlYv †`qvi Av‡MB 25†k gvP©

wèvMZ Mfxi iv‡Z A_©vr Nwoi mgq Abyhvqx 26†k gvP© cÖ_g cÖn‡iB XvKv‡Z

BwcAvi (Bó cvwK¯Ívb ivB‡dj) Ges cywjk cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì weiæ‡× hy× ïiæ K‡i

†`q| cvwK Ívwb ˆmbïv XvKvi ivRvievM cywjk †nW †KvqvU©vi Ges XvKvi

17 18

wcjLvbvq BwcAvi †nW †KvqvU©v‡i AvµgY Ki‡j Bó cvwK Ívb ivB‡dj

(AvR‡Ki wewWAvi) Ges cywjk cvwK Ívwb‡ì Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y bv K‡i cvëv

AvµgY K‡i| Ges Avgiv QvÎRbZv H iv‡ZB XvKvi wewfbœ _vbv †_‡K

cywj‡ki ivB‡dj G‡b cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì weiæ‡× hy‡×i cÖ ‘wZ †bB| wKš‘ Avgv‡ì

ivB‡dj Pvjv‡bvi (†Uªwbs) cÖwkÿY bv _vKvq Avgiv cvwK Ívwb‡ì weiæ‡× H

iv‡Z hy× ïiæ Ki‡Z cvwiwb| BwcAvi I cywj‡ki H iv‡Zi hy×Uv wQj g~jZt

AvZ¥iÿv‡_©| Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv cÖKvi wb‡ ©k ev †NvlYv QvovB BwcAvi I cywjk

cvwK Ívwb‡ì weiæ‡× 25†k gvP© wèvMZ Mfxi iv‡ZB hy× ïiæ K‡i w`‡qwQj|

ZviciI ejv P‡j †gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi 27†k gv‡P©i mKv‡ji ¯vaxbZv

†NvlYvq gyw³ cvMj †MvUv RvwZ fxlYfv‡e AvkvwšZ n‡qwQj, AbycÖvwYZ

n‡qwQj| we‡kl K‡i hviv †`‡ki Rb¨ hy× Kivi Rb¨ gvbwmKfv‡e P‚ovšÍ cÖ ‘Z

n‡qwQj Zv‡ì g‡a¨ wRqvDi ingv‡bi GB †NvlYv Af‚Zc~e© PvÂ‡jï m„wó

K‡iwQj, Drmvn DÏxcbv I †cÖiYvi m„wó K‡iwQj|

e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb gyw³hy‡×i †bZ…Z¡ †`qvi †Kv‡bviƒc †Póv bv

K‡iB cvwK Ívwb‡ì nv‡Z †MÖdZvi nb| AÁvZ Kvi‡Y wZwb wKQzUv

B”QvK…Zfv‡eB cvwK Ívwb‡Zi nv‡Z e›`x nb e‡j Abygvb Kiv nq|

27†k gvP© †_‡K XvKvi evwm›`viv w`‡knviv n‡q jÿ jÿ bi-bvix, Avevj-

e„×-ewbZv wccovi mvwii g‡Zv XvKv kni †Q‡o cv‡q †nu‡U MÖv‡gi w`‡K P‡j

hvq| kni †Q‡o P‡j hvIqv gvby‡li GB Kv‡djv‡K GKgvÎ †ivR †Kqvg‡Zi

Kv‡djvi mv‡_B Zzjbv Kiv P‡j| meyR MÖvg Avi MÖv‡gi †g‡Vv c_ f‡i I‡V

kni †d‡j cvwj‡q hvIqv jÿ jÿ gvby‡l|

kni †_‡K Avmv jÿ jÿ gvbyl‡K MÖv‡gi K…lK-K…lvYx wb‡Ri mšÍv‡bi

g‡Zv Zv‡ì ey‡K VuvB †`q| MÖv‡gi gvbyl iv Ívq, c‡_-gv‡V-Nv‡U wPov, ¸o,

gywo, Wve hv wKQz mnvq m¤j wQj Zvi meUzKzB DRvo K‡i evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q kni

†_‡K Avmv gvby‡li mvnv‡h¨| kni †Q‡o cvwj‡q Avmv gvby‡li GZUzKz Kó †hb

bv nq, Zvi me `vwqZ¡ MÖvgevmxi| MÖv‡gi cÖwZwU evwo‡Z w`b-ivwÎ fvZ ivbœv

n‡”Q, jÿ jÿ gvbyl Lv‡”Q| †K Lv‡”Q? Kvi evwo‡Z Lv‡”Q Avi hviv LvIqv‡”Q

ZvivI Rv‡b bv Kv‡ì LvIqv‡”Q| gvby‡l gvby‡l G GK gnvwgjb, GK gnv

åvZ…Z¡| KL‡bv c„w_ex‡Z Ggb n‡q‡Q wKbv, wKsev Avi n‡e wKbv Rvwb bv|

gvbyl gvby‡li GZ Avcb! wb‡Ri PvB‡Z g~jëvb AciRb! G „k¨ hviv †`‡Lwb

Zviv †Kv‡bvw`b eyS‡e bv| Zv‡ì †Kv‡bvw`b †evSv‡bv hv‡e bv| c„w_ex‡Z Ggb

†Kv‡bv fvlv †bB, kã †bB, Ggb †Kv‡bv †jLK †bB †h †jLK H mg‡qi gvby‡l

gvby‡l HK¨, åvZ…Z¡ mngwg©Zv Avi wb‡Ri PvB‡Z Aci‡K †ewk fvjevmvi wPÎ

Zz‡j ai‡Z cvi‡e| XvKv †_‡K cv‡q †nu‡U dwi`cy‡ii †MvcvjMÄ gyKmy`cyi

MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z wM‡qwQ| KZ b`x cvi n‡qwQ| cvi n‡qwQ cÙv b`x| cuvP w`b-

cuvP ivwÎ c_ P‡jwQ, Zvici MÖv‡gi evwo G‡mwQ| GKwU cqmvI avi nqwb|

†Kv_vqI GKwU cqmv jv‡Mwb| MÖv‡gi gvbyl LvB‡q‡Q| †bŠKvi gvwS b`x cvi

K‡i w`‡q‡Q| webv cqmvq LvIqv‡bv, _vK‡Z †`qv, b`x cvi K‡i †`qv, G †hb

MÖv‡gi gvby‡li gnv cweÎ ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ wQj| nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z cw_g‡a¨ KZ

Mf©eZx gv-†evb mšÍvb cÖme K‡i‡Q| Avi MÖv‡gi gv-†ev‡biv Zvi †mevi fvi

Zz‡j wb‡q‡Q Avcb K‡i|

GwcÖ‡ji cÖ_g mßvn, Gevi gyw³hy‡× hvIqvi cvjv| Kxfv‡e gyw³‡hv×v

nIqv hvq, gyw³hy× Kiv hvq? 17B GwcÖj AvKvkevYx KjKvZv †_‡K evievi

†NvlYv G‡m‡Q, AvR ivZ AvUUvi ci GKwU we‡kl Abyôvb cÖPvi Kiv n‡e|

ivZ AvUUvi AvKvkevYx KjKvZv †eZv‡ii evsjv Le‡i ejv n‡jv msev‡ì ci

GKwU we‡kl Abyôvb cÖPvi Kiv n‡e|

†`kvZ¡‡evaK Mvb w`‡q ïiæ n‡jv Abyôvb| Avgv‡ì gyw³hy‡×i Ges

evOvwji BwZnv‡mi †kÖô w`b Ges †kÖô NUbvwUi K_v| AvR 17B GwcÖj Kzwóqvi

†g‡nicy‡ii ê`¨bv_Zjvi Av¤ªKvb‡b Rb‡bZv ZvRDwÏb Avn‡¤§` Gi †bZ…‡Z¡

¯vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi MV‡bi K_v Rvbv‡bv n‡jv| †g‡nicy‡ii

ê`¨bv_Zjvi bvg BwZnv‡mi ¯Y©vÿi w`‡q bZzb K‡i ivLv n‡jv gywRebMi Ges

GB gywRebM‡iB ZvRDwÏb Avn‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ kc_ wbj evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g

Ges wecøex miKvi| e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb‡K Kiv n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki

ivóªcwZ Ges Zvi Abycw ’‡Z DcivóªcwZ ˆmq` bRiæj Bmjvg‡K Kiv n‡jv

A ’vqx ivóªcwZ Ges ZvRDwÏb Avn‡¤§`‡K Kiv n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x|

ZvRDwÏb Avn‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU gš¿xmfvI MwVZ n‡jv| †Rbv‡ij

Imgvbx‡K Kiv n‡jv cÖavb †mbvcwZ| A ’vqx ivóªcwZ, cÖavbgš¿x, cÖavb

†mbvcwZ mK‡ji kc_ AbyôvbI n‡jv GB gywRebM‡i| GLv‡bB cÖevmx

miKvi‡K MvW© Ae Abvi †`qv n‡jv| ïiæ n‡jv gyw³hy‡×i bZzb hvÎv| evOvwji

BwZnv‡m ms‡hvwRZ n‡jv bZzb Aa¨v‡qi| Avgv‡ì gyw³hy× mymsMwVZ n‡jv|

Avgv‡ì †`‡ki cÖvq GK †KvwU gvbyl kiYv_©x n‡q fvi‡Z AvkÖq wbj| Avgiv

hviv gyw³ cvMj wK‡kvi, ZiæY, hyeK Avgiv fvi‡Z wM‡q mvgwiK cÖwkÿY

(Avwg© †Uªwbs) wbjvg Ges gyw³‡hv×v njvg| gyw³‡hv×v nIqvi Av‡M ïay fveZvg

K‡e gyw³‡hv×v ne? Kxfv‡e gyw³‡hv×v ne| fve‡Z fve‡Z MÖv‡gi evwo †_‡K

Avevi XvKvq Gjvg| GB XvKvqB Avwg R‡b¥wQ| wkï †_‡K wK‡kvi n‡qwQ|

GLv‡bB Avgvi me eÜz-evÜe| MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z Avgvi †Kv‡bv eÜz-evÜe †bB|

19 20

gyw³hy‡× hvIqvi Rb¨ AšÍZ GKRb eÜz †Zv LyeB ìKvi| Kv‡RB Avevi kÎæi

cÖavbNvwU XvKvq P‡j Gjvg| cÖwZw`b fvwe gyw³hy‡× hve| wKš‘ iv‡Z ïay gvÕi

K_v g‡b nq| g‡b nq Avwg hy‡× P‡j †M‡j gv ïay Kuv`‡eb| Avgvi Rb¨ gv

A‡bK Kó cv‡eb, A‡bK Kuv`‡eb| Avgvi Avi †Kv‡bv wcQzUvb †bB, ïay gv|

AveŸvi K_v Avwg †gv‡UI fvwe bv| gvÕi Rb¨B gbUv Avgvi †Kgb n‡q hvq|

†Kgb Rvwb mewKQz G‡jv‡g‡jv n‡q hvq| Gfv‡e fve‡Z fve‡Z K‡qK w`b P‡j

hvq| gyw³hy‡× hvIqvi Rb¨ gbUv Avgvi Aw ’i n‡q Av‡Q| wKš‘ gv‡KI Qvo‡Z

cvwi bv, gyw³hy‡×I hvIqv nq bv|

GKw`b Avgvi g‡b n‡jv, me †Q‡jiB †Zv gv Av‡Q| †Q‡j hy‡× †M‡j gv

†Zv Kuv`‡eB| gvÕi Kvbœvi K_v †f‡e †Q‡j hw` gyw³hy‡× bv hvq, Zvn‡j †Zv

gyw³hy× n‡e bv| †`kI ¯vaxb n‡e bv| bv, gv Kuv‡` Kuv yK, Avgv‡K gyw³hy‡×

†h‡Z n‡e| †`k ¯vaxb Ki‡Z n‡e| c‡ii w`bB cv‡ki evwoi Avgvi GKeÜz

eq‡m Avgvi †P‡q mvgvb¨ eo, bvg Zvi eveyj AvRv` – Zv‡K gyw³hy‡× hvIqvi

K_v e‡j †djjvg| m‡½ m‡½B eveyj AvRv` Lywk‡Z ivwR n‡q †Mj| ejj Avwg

†Zv GB iKgB fvewQjvg Ges GB iKg GKRb eÜzB LyuRwQjvg|

Zvici cøvb-†cÖvMÖvg K‡i GKw`b Lye †fv‡i yÕR‡b fvi‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨

iIqvbv njvg|

Avgiv yÕeÜz MÖv‡gi c_ w`‡q nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z b`xi cv‡o GKwU evwo‡Z G‡m

†cuŠQjvg| ZLb cÖvq mÜ¨v| kÕLv‡bK cyiæl-gwnjv-wkï Av‡M †_‡KB b`x cvi

nIqvi Rb¨ GB evwo‡Z NvcwU †g‡i A‡cÿv Ki‡Q| evwoi b`x Nv‡U †QvU

GKwU wWw½ †bŠKv euvav Av‡Q| GB †QvU †bŠKvwU‡Z AvU `kR‡bi †ewk †jvK

GKm‡½ cvi nIqv hv‡e bv| GB evwoi †Kv‡bv gvbyl GLv‡b †bB| ïay K‡qKwU

jvk cu‡P M‡j c‡o Av‡Q| Avi GB †h kÕLv‡bK gvbyl, Giv mevB kiYv_©x n‡q

fvi‡Z P‡j hvIqvi Rb¨ GLv‡b R‡ov n‡q Av‡Q| mÜ¨vi ci †bŠKvi gvwS G‡m

b`x cvi K‡i †`‡e †mB A‡cÿvq Av‡Q| b`x‡Z cvK †mbviv Mvb‡evU wb‡q NuvwU

K‡i‡Q| w`‡bi †ejvq b`x cvi n‡Z †M‡j †`Lv hv‡e Ges Avwg©iv ¸wj K‡i

†g‡i †dj‡e| ZvB iv‡Zi A‡cÿvq Av‡Q mevB| iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i b`x cvi n‡Z

n‡e| AÜKvi Nwb‡q G‡jv| †ek Mvp AÜKvi| nVvr b`x‡Z cvwK Ívwb Avwg©i

Mvb †ev‡Ui mvP© jvB‡Ui Av‡jv †`Lv †Mj| GB w`‡KB Avm‡Q Mvb †evUUv|

Pvcv Kvbœv ïiæ n‡q †Mj| †KD †KD ej‡Q KvB‡›`b bv fvB, KvB‡›`b bv,

Avjøvn‡i Wv‡Kb|

Mvb †evUUv ªæZ GB w`‡K Qz‡U Avm‡Q| mevB g„Zz¨ f‡q Pzc‡m †Mj, Kv‡iv

†Kv‡bv mvovkã †bB| ïay Mvb‡ev‡Ui AvIqvR Avi mvP© jvB‡Ui Av‡jv| Avgiv

mevB gvwU‡Z ï‡q cojvg hv‡Z Mvb‡ev‡Ui mvP© jvB‡Ui Av‡jv‡Z †hb †`Lv bv

hvq| ey‡Ki †fZi fq| Zvi Dci gvby‡li cuPv jv‡ki M‡Ü `g eÜ n‡q

Avm‡Q|

w`b Pv‡iK Av‡M cvwK Ívwb nvbv`viiv GB evwo‡Z nvbv w`‡q GB

gvbyl¸‡jv‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| Avevj-e„×-ewbZv Kv‡iv gy‡LB †Kv‡bv kã †bB|

AšÍ‡i ïay Avjøvn, ivm~j (mvt) Avi fMev‡bi bvg| Mvb‡evU hZB GwM‡q

Avm‡Q g‡b n‡”Q g„Zz¨ ZZB GwM‡q Avm‡Q| g„Zz¨ GLb ïay K‡qK wgwb‡Ui

e¨vcvi n‡q uvwo‡q‡Q| Avwg GKUv Mv‡Qi Avov‡j uvwo‡q mevB‡K ejjvg,

†KD †kvqv †_‡K DV‡eb bv, bovPovI Ki‡eb bv, †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡eb bv|

mevB gvwU‡Z †hfv‡e ï‡q Av‡Qb wVK GBfv‡eB _vK‡eb| †Kv‡bv cÖKvi wPrKvi

ev †QvUvQzwU gv‡bB wbwðZ g„Zz¨| Avjøvn cvK hw` mnvq †nvb Zvn‡j Avgiv

Gfv‡eB †eu‡P hve| GQvov Avgv‡ì Avi euvPvi †Kv‡bvB c_ †bB mevB

m„wóKZ©v‡K ¯§iY K‡ib|

Mvb‡evU G‡Kev‡i evwoi cv‡k G‡m coj| mvP© jvB‡Ui Zxeª Av‡jvq

Av‡jvwKZ n‡jv mvovevwo| evwoi Avw½bvq Kvco ïKv‡bvi †h `wo euvav wQj

ZvI ¯úó †`Lv †Mj| Mvb‡evUwU hZ ªæZ G‡mwQj ZZ ªæZB P‡j †Mj| _vgj

bv| GKmgq A „k¨ n‡q †Mj| mevB †hb bZzb Rxeb wb‡q †eu‡P DVj| wKQzÿY

ci †bŠKvi gvwS G‡jv| Kvi Av‡M †K hv‡e, GK m‡½ jvwd‡q †bŠKvq D‡V

coj| hv nevi ZvB n‡jv| Zx‡iB †bŠKv Wz‡e †Mj| †bŠKv Zz‡j cvwb †d‡j

gvÎ fvmv‡bv n‡jv, m‡½ m‡½ AveviI mevB †bŠKvq jvwd‡q DVj| cvwb †m‡P

†bŠKv Avevi fvmv‡bv n‡jv| AveviI mevB GKm‡½ DV‡Z wM‡q Wzwe‡q w`‡jv

†bŠKv| wkï Avi gwnjviv Kuv`‡Z ïiæ Kij| Avwg Avi Avgvi eÜz eveyj AvRv`

D”P K‡É ag‡Ki my‡i ejjvg, Avgiv yÕRb mevi †k‡l hve| GKRbI evwK

_vK‡Z Avgiv hve bv| mevB b`x cvi nIqvi ci Avgiv cvi ne| †K †K

Avgv‡ì m‡½ b`x cvi n‡eb?

†KDB †Kv‡bv K_v ejj bv| mK‡jB Pzc|

Avgiv K_v w`jvg mevB Av‡M hv‡eb – Avgv‡ì Av‡M hv‡eb| Avgiv

hv‡K eje †mB †bŠKvq DV‡eb| bB‡j †bŠKv Avi Zzje bv, mevB GKm‡½ gviv

coe| RbvK‡qK e‡j DVj wVK Av‡Q, AvcbvivB wVK K‡i †`‡eb †K KLb

DV‡e| †KD †KD e‡j DVj Avevi wb‡RivB Avgv‡ì †d‡j P‡j †h‡qb bv|

ejjvg, †`L‡ZB †Zv cv‡eb hvB wKbv| KvD‡KB †d‡j Avgiv hve bv|

Avgv‡ì K_v †kv‡bb, mevB b`x cvi n‡Z cvi‡eb Ges Avgv‡ì Av‡M cvi

n‡eb|

21 22

Avevi †bŠKv Zz‡j cvwb †d‡j †bŠKv RvMvjvg| Wvb w`K †_‡K GK GK

K‡i bqRb K‡i †bŠKvq Zzjjvg| †bŠKv †Q‡o †Mj bvwg‡q w`‡q Avevi †bŠKv

wd‡i G‡jv †kl wUªc–G Avgiv yÕRbmn cuvPRb †bŠKvq D‡V b`x cvi njvg|

mxgv‡šÍi KvQvKwQ ev‡Zb fvB bv‡g GK f ª‡jv‡Ki evwo‡Z ivwÎ KvUv‡bvi

ci mKvj †ejvq Avgvi eÜz eveyj AvRv` Kvbœv Ry‡o w`‡jv| †m XvKvq wd‡i

Avm‡e| Avevi Avgv‡K m‡½ wb‡q wd‡i Avm‡e| eveyj AvRv` Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z

ej‡Z _vKj, iv‡Î ¯cœ †`‡LwQ, gv ej‡Q wd‡i Avq| wiw¤§‡K ¯cœ †`‡LwQ|

wiw¤§ n‡jv eveyj AvRv` Avi Avgvi evmvi wVK D‡ëv w`‡Ki evmvi g Í eo GK

abx †jv‡Ki †g‡q| eveyj AvRv‡ì †cÖwgKv, LyeB fv‡jv †g‡q| mew`K w`‡qB

fv‡jv| AvPvi-eënvi AgvwqK, †`L‡Z my›ìx, fv‡jv QvÎx, mevi wcÖq| (†ePviv

wiw¤§i AKvj g„Zz¨ n‡q‡Q| Avjøvn&i Kv‡Q †`vqv Kwi wiw¤§ †hb †e‡n‡ Í hvb|)

eveyj AvRv` ejj, ¯‡cœi wfZi wiw¤§ Avgv‡K ej‡Q, eveyj Zzwg hy‡× †hI bv|

Zzwg g‡i †M‡j Avwg Kv‡K fv‡jvevm‡ev? Zzwg Qvov Avwg KvD‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z

cvie bv| Zzwg wd‡i G‡mv, bB‡j Avgv‡KI wb‡q hvI| BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw` ej‡Z

ej‡Z †m wK Kvbœv eveyj AvRv‡ì| Avgvi Kv‡Q evey‡ji `vwe, Pj Avgiv N‡i

wd‡i hvB|

Kvbœv hLb wKQz‡ZB _vgv‡Z cvijvg bv, ZLb ejjvg ZzB wd‡i hv| Avwg

wd‡i hve bv| Avwg hy‡× hve|

evey‡ji DËi Avwg †Zv‡K †d‡j GKv wd‡i hve bv| Pj yÕR‡bB wd‡i

hvB|

bv, Avwg wd‡i hve bv, ZzB wd‡i hv|

bv, Avwg †Zv‡K Qvov wd‡i hve bv|

eveyj Avgv‡K m‡½ wb‡q N‡i wd‡i Avm‡e, Avwg wd‡i Avme bv| evey‡ji

Kvbœv _v‡g bv| GK ch©v‡q ejjvg, mxgv‡šÍi Kv‡QB †Zv P‡j G‡mwQ, Pj Avi

GKUz mvg‡b wM‡q †`wL Kx n‡”Q| Zvici wd‡i Avme|

Gevi eveyj AvRv` ivwR n‡jv| Kvbœv _vgvj| Avgiv Gevi mxgvšÍ jÿ

K‡i Pj‡Z ïiæ Kijvg| hZB mxgv‡šÍi Kv‡Q hvw”Q ZZB †ewk K‡i †Mvjv¸wj

AvIqvR †kvbv hv‡”Q| A‡bK PovB-DrovB cvi n‡q yÕeÜz wg‡j fvi‡Zi wÎc yiv

iv‡Rï ivRavbx AvMoZjvq wM‡q †cuŠQzjvg| c‡_i A‡bK Kvwnbx, me wjL‡j

dziv‡e bv| fvi‡Zi †h RvqMvq Avgiv wM‡q DVjvg, †m RvqMvUv †ek DuPz

cvnv‡oi g‡Zv| Z‡e cvnvo bv| GB RvqMvq D‡VB †`wL LvwK †cvkvK cov

Pvi-cuvPRb Avwg© GKwU evsKv‡i uvwo‡q Av‡Q Ges Av‡iv mvZ-AvURb Avwg©

uvwo‡q gvby‡li m‡½ K_v ej‡Q| †`‡LB †Zv Avgvi AvZ¥vivg LuvPvQvov n‡q

†Mj! G Avwg †Kv_vq Gjvg, †h Avwg©i f‡q mviv c_ KZ Kó K‡i Gjvg Avi

GLv‡b G‡m †mB Avwg©i G‡Kev‡i gy‡Li mvg‡b uvwo‡q cojvg! f‡q Avwg wng

n‡q †Mjvg| wKQz mgq Ávbk~b¨ _vKjvg| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i ZvwK‡q †`Ljvg

RbM‡Yi gv‡S †Kv‡bv cÖwZwµqv †bB; mevB hvi hvi Kv‡R e¨ Í| Avwg fxlY

AevK njvg – ¯c œ †`LwQ bv †Zv? c‡i eySjvg, I GUv †Zv fviZ! Giv fviZxq

Avwg©| c„w_exi me †`‡ki Avwg©i †cvkvKB †h GK GUv Avgvi Rvbv wQj bv|

Avgiv kiYv_©x K¨v‡¤ú ev wkwe‡i bv wM‡q †mvRv K‡jR wUjvq P‡j

†Mjvg| K‡jR wUjv gv‡b AvMoZjv Ggwewe K‡jR K¨v¤úvm| GB K‡jR

wUjv‡ZB evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv³b I eZ©gvb QvÎ †bZviv _v‡Kb| GLv‡bB QvÎ msMÖvg

cwil‡ì Awdm| †kL dRjyj nK gwbi †bZ…‡Z¡ (c~e© cvwK Ívb QvÎjx‡Mi

cÖv³b mvaviY m¤úv`K, AvIqvgx hyejx‡Mi cÖwZôvZv †Pqvig¨vb, ˆ`wbK evsjvi

evYx I ˆ`wbK UvBgm cwÎKvi m¤úv`K, e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei fv‡Mœ| 1975–Gi

15B AvM‡ó †kL gwb‡KI nZ¨v Kiv nq|) Av, m, g ie (WvKmyi wfwc, Rvm`–

Gi mvaviY m¤úv`K, ûmvBb †gvn¤§` Gikv`–Gi 1988 mv‡j cvj©v‡g‡›Ui

M„ncvwjZ we‡ivax `jxq †bZv| mw¤§wjZ IqvP WM, †kL nvwmbvi HK¨g‡Zi

miKv‡ii gš¿x|)

Avãyj KzÏym gvLb (1970–1971–Gi XvKmyi QvÎ msm‡ì wR Gm,

1990 `k‡K gviv hvb Ges gxicyi eyw×Rxex ¯§„wZ‡mŠ‡a gyw³‡hv×v Kei ’v‡b

`vdb nq) Gg, G, iwk` (c~e© cvwK Ívb QvÎjx‡Mi `ßi m¤úv`K, ¯vaxbZvi

Bk‡Znvi cvVKvix, ¯vax‡bi ci evsjv‡`k QvÎjx‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K,

eZ©gv‡b eëmvqx)| †kL dRjyj Kwie †mwjg (cÖv³b QvÎ †bZv, †kL gwbi

mnì, eZ©gv‡b ˆ`wbK evsjvi evYxi m¤úv`K, hyejx‡Mi †Pqvig¨vb, RvZxq

msm` m`m¨)| wgRvbyi ingvb wgRvb (cÖv³b QvÎ‡bZv, Avãyj KzÏym gvLb–Gi

fwMœcwZ, eZ©gv‡b XvKv †Rjvi GwWwm j¨vÛ) cÖgyL Gi ZË¡veav‡b K‡jRwUjv

†_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki QvÎ‡ì ZvwjKvfz³ (wiµzU) K‡i mvgwiK cÖwkÿY †bqvi

Rb¨ fvi‡Zi wewfbœ K¨v‡¤ú cvVv‡bv n‡Zv|

GB K‡jR wUjv‡Z wM‡q Avgiv gwb fvB, gvLb fvB, iwk` fvB Ges

wgRvb fvB‡qi mv‡_ †`Lv Kijvg| †bZviv ej‡jb hZw`b †Uªwbs–G hvIqv bv

nq GLv‡b _vK| Avgiv mvivw`b AvMoZjvq Ny‡i †eovB, iv‡Z K‡jR wUjvq

NygvB| Ggwb K‡i cÖvq gvmLv‡bK P‡j †Mj| Avgiv m‡½ K‡i evwo †_‡K †h

UvKv–cqmv G‡bwQjvg Zv †kl n‡q hvIqvi Dcµg n‡jv| Gw`‡K †Uªwbs–G

23 24

†h‡Z Av‡iv †ek wKQzw`b A‡cÿv Ki‡Z n‡e| GB Ae ’vq eÜz eveyj AvRv`

GKw`b ejj, †`v¯Í Zzwg _vK, Avwg XvKvq hvB, wM‡q evwo †_‡K UvKv wb‡q

Avwm|

Avwg m‡½ m‡½ evey‡ji cÖ Íve cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kijvg| ejjvg, bv †Uªwbs G

hZw`b bv hvB ZZw`b †L‡q bv †L‡q Kó Ki‡Z _vwK|

LvIqvi `viæY K‡ó c‡o †Mjvg| w`‡b GKgy‡Vv fvZ cvB‡Zv cvB bv

Ae ’v| Avi evey‡ji cÖwZw`b GKB K_v – ZzB _vK Avwg XvKvq hvB, U¨vKv–cqmv wb‡q Avwm|

Avwg ewj, bv ZzB XvKv wd‡i †M‡j Avi Avmwe bv|

eveyj Avgv‡K eySvq, †`L †`v¯Í, Avwg hw` GLvb †_‡K P‡j †h‡Z PvB,

Zvn‡j wK P‡j †h‡Z cvwi bv? ZzB wK Avgv‡K AvUwK‡q †i‡LwQm? Avwg P‡j

†h‡Z PvB‡j †Zv †h †Kv‡bv mgq P‡j †h‡Z cvwi, †Zv‡K e‡j hvIqvi ìKvi

Kx? Avwg GB Rb¨B †Zv‡K e‡j †h‡Z PvB hv‡Z ZzB gb Lvivc bv Kwim| ZzB

wek¦vm Ki, Avwg K_v w`jvg wVKB XvKvq wM‡q gvÕi KvQ †_‡K UvKv wb‡q Avevi

†Zvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avme|

Avwg evey‡ji K_v wek¦vm Kijvg bv|

†h †Q‡j evsjv‡`‡k _vK‡ZB iv Ív †_‡K evwo wd‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ KvbœvKvwU

Ry‡o w`‡qwQj, †mB †Q‡j GKv mxgvšÍ cvwo w`‡q XvKvi evwo‡Z wd‡i wM‡q UvKv

wb‡q Avevi AvMoZjvq Avgvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡e! GUv wKQz‡ZB wek¦vm‡hvM¨

bq| Z‡e wPšÍv Kijvg eveyj †h †Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z©B mwZ¨B Avgv‡K bv Rvwb‡q

evsjv‡`‡k P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i| I‡K a‡i ivLvi †Kv‡bv Dcvq Avgvi †bB| bv e‡j

cvwj‡q hv‡e Zvi PvB‡Z AvwgB eveyj‡K evsjv‡`‡k hvIqvi AbygwZ w`‡q †`B|

†mB fv‡jv| Avwg eveyj AvRv`‡K P‡j hvIqvi AbygwZ w`jvg| yÕeÜz mxgv‡šÍ

Gjvg, GKRb Avi GKRb‡K Rwo‡q aijvg|

AkÖæmRj †Pv‡L Avwg eveyj AvRv`‡K we`vq w`jvg| g‡b n‡jv †hb Avi

†`Lv n‡e bv| G †`LvB †kl †`Lv| we`v‡qi †ejvq ïay ejjvg, Avgvi gv‡K

kvšÍbv w`m|

Avwg wUjvi Dci uvwo‡q iBjvg| mvg‡b mgZj f‚wg, evsjv‡`k| eveyj

ax‡i ax‡i evsjv‡`‡k †b‡g †Mj| cjKnxb „wó‡Z ZvwK‡q iBjvg evey‡ji

hvIqvi w`‡K| „wó‡Z hZ ~i †`Lv hvq eveyj Av‡ Í Av‡¯Í †QvU n‡q hv‡”Q| GK

mgq „wói evB‡i wgwj‡q †Mj eveyj AvRv`| wUjvi Dci H GKB ’v‡b KZÿY

wbe©vK, cjKnxb, fvivµvšÍ ü`‡q Avbgbv n‡q uvwo‡q wQjvg Rvwb bv| fviZxq

GK wkL ˆm‡bï ¯ú‡k© msÁv wd‡i †cjvg| GKvKx welYœ g‡b K‡jR wUjvq

wd‡i Gjvg| wb‡R‡K fxlY wbtm½ g‡b n‡jv| mvivivZ Nyg n‡jv bv| ivZfi

ïay gb‡K k³ Kijvg| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z mßvLv‡bK cvi n‡q †Mj| ïbjvg

K‡jR wUjvq Avgiv hviv AvwQ Zv‡ì Lye ZvovZvwo †Uªwbs–G cvwV‡q †`qv

n‡e| ï‡b gbUv fv‡jv jvMj| gyw³‡hv×v ne| †`‡ki gyw³i Rb¨ hy× Kie|

eveyj AvRv‡ì K_v g‡b n‡jv| eveyj AvRv` Avi Avm‡e bv, Rvwb| ZeyI hw`

Av‡m, Avgv‡K cv‡e bv| G‡m †`L‡e Avwg †Uªwbs–G P‡j †MwQ| Avgvi mv‡_

eveyj AvRv‡ì Avi †`Lv n‡e bv| hw` †eu‡P _vwK, eveyjI hw` †eu‡P _v‡K, †`k

¯vaxb n‡j nqZ †`Lv n‡e| wgRvbyi ingvb wgRvb fvB Lye AgvwqK †jvK|

Avgv‡K †W‡K ej‡jb, †i›Uz ˆZwi nI, yB-Pviw`‡bi g‡a¨B †Uªwbs–G hv‡e|

Zzwg †QvU †Zv ZvB GKUz Sv‡gjv n‡e| †Zvgv‡K †QvU e‡j †Uªwbs–G wb‡Z PvB‡e

bv| Zzwg wPšÍv K‡iv bv| Avwg me wVK K‡i †`‡ev| wgRvb fvB-B †Uªwbs–Gi

wj÷Uv wj‡L| ZvB Lye GKUv Nveovjvg bv| eveyj P‡j †M‡Q †ek K‡qK w`b

n‡q †Mj| g‡bi Mfx‡i wb‡Ri ARv‡šÍB ÿxY Avkv| GL‡bv eveyj G‡jv bv?

AvMvgx ciïw`b mKvj mvZUvq Avwg †Uªwbs–G P‡j hve| mÜ¨v Nwb‡q G‡m‡Q|

gvMwi‡ei bvgv‡Ri mvjvg †div‡ZB †`wL, eveyj AvRv` ej‡Q, †i›Uz Avwg

AvBmv ciwQ!

Avwg ¯cœ †`LwQ! bv, wVK †`LwQ, wKQzÿY ey‡S DV‡Z cvijvg bv| mwZ¨

mwZ¨B eveyj AvRv` G‡m‡Q (weª‡MwWqvi Avgxb Avnv‡¤§` †PŠayix 1988 mv‡j

fviZ miKvi–Gi KvQ †_‡K 1971–Gi gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †h ZvwjKv msMÖn K‡i

Ges cieZ©x ch©v‡q 1988/1999 mv‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Zvi `ß‡i

(cÖavbgš¿xi Kvh©vj‡q) gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †h ZvwjKv msiwÿZ nq, fviZxq †mB

ZvwjKvi 1bs fwjDg–Gi 461 bs Ò†gvt eveyj †nv‡mb Gi WvKbvg n‡jv eveyj

AvRv`)| ïay GKv eveyj AvRv` Av‡mwb| m‡½ Avevi gwbi bv‡g GKRb‡K

wb‡q G‡m‡Q (weª‡MwWqvi Avgxb Avnv‡¤§` †PŠayix 1988 mv‡j fviZ miKvi–

Gi KvQ †_‡K 1971–Gi gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †h ZvwjKv msMÖn K‡i Ges cieZ©x

ch©v‡q †mbvwbevm (K¨v›Ubg¨v›U) I gyw³‡hv×v Kj¨vY Uªv‡÷ Ges Zvi cieZ©x

ch©v‡q 1998/1999 mv‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Zvi `ß‡i (cÖavbgš¿xi

Kvh©vj‡q) gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †h ZvwjKv msiwÿZ nq, fviZxq †mB ZvwjKvi 1bs

fwjDg–Gi 466 bs Ò†gvt Avãyj nvwjg wmwÏK, wcZvt †gvt my‡e` Avjx 53

bs we, †K `vm †ivW divkMÄ, XvKv|Ó †gvt Avãyj nvwjg wmwÏK Gi WvKbvg

n‡jv gwbi| eZ©gv‡b gwbi mcwiev‡i Av‡gwiKvq emevm K‡i)| gwbi Avgv‡ì

cvovi †Q‡j| Avwg Aek¨ gwbi‡K Gi Av‡M wPbZvg bv| GB cÖ_g †`Ljvg

25 26

gwbi‡K| wgRvb fvB‡qi Kv‡Q wM‡q ejjvg, Avgvi yÕeÜz Qvov Avwg †Uªwbs–G

hve bv| †h K‡iB †nvK eveyj AvRv` I gwbi‡K Avgvi mv‡_ †Uªwbs–G cvVv‡ZB

n‡e|

c‡ii w`b mKv‡jB gwbi ejj, Ii eo fvB g›Uz fvB AvMoZjv‡ZB

†Kv_vI Av‡Q|

QzUjvg gwb‡ii eo fvB g›Uz fvB‡qi mÜv‡b| Lyu‡R †ei Kijvg g›Uz

fvB‡K| g›Uz fvB †Uªwbs †kl K‡i A ¿ wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki wfZ‡i hy‡× hvIqvi

A‡cÿvq Av‡Qb| g›Uz fvB‡qi Kv‡QB ïbjvg Avgvi †m‡Rv fvB XvKv Kv‡q‡`

AvRg (eZ©gvb knx` †mvn&ivIqv ©x) K‡jR QvÎ msm‡ì wR Gm, gwReyi ingvb

g›Uz †Uªwbs †kl K‡i A‡bK Av‡MB XvKvq Acv‡ik‡b P‡j †M‡Q| K‡jR wUjvq

wd‡i G‡m †`Lv n‡jv knx` fvB‡qi mv‡_| knx` fvB Avgvi †m‡Rv fvB gwReyi

ingvb g›Uzi eÜz Ges Kv‡q‡` AvRg K‡jR QvÎ msm‡ì GwRGm|

knx` fvB Avgv‡ì c‡i hv‡e †UÛzqv †Uªwbs K¨v‡¤ú mvgwiK cÖwkÿY †bqvi

Rb¨| wgRvb fvB‡qi e‡`Šj‡Z c‡ii w`b mKv‡j Avgiv wZb eÜz GKUv

wg‡jUvwi jwi‡Z D‡V emjvg Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_| wg‡jUvwi jwi‡Z IVvi Av‡M

wZb Pvi RvqMvq Avgv‡ì bvg †jLv n‡jv Ges Avgv‡ì ¯vÿi †bqv n‡jv|

mvgwiK jwi Avgv‡ì wb‡q Pj‡Z ïiæ Kij, mÜ¨v bvMv` †j¤y‡Pviv bvgK †Uªwbs

K¨v‡¤ú †cuŠ‡Q †Mjvg| GB †j¤y‡Pviv †Uªwbs K¨v‡¤ú fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi †gRi

†K, we, wms Ges †gRi Avi, wc kg©vi Aax‡b GKgvm mvgwiK cÖwkÿY †k‡l

2bs †m±‡ii mì `ßi †gjvNi †_‡K A ¿m ¿ wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki †fZ‡i Xz‡K

cojvg| 2bs †m±i KgvÛvi †gRi Lv‡j` †gvkvid‡K †jt K‡b©j c‡`

c‡`vbœwZ w`‡q Zuvi bv‡gi Bs‡iwR cÖ_g Aÿi K Abymv‡i M‡o †Zvjv nq K

†dvm©| Ges GB K †dv‡m©i AwabvqK nb Lv‡j` †gvkvid| ZLb 2bs †m±‡ii

KgvÛv‡ii `vwqZ¡ †bb K¨v‡Þb †_‡K m`¨ c‡`vbœwZ cvIqv †gRi nvq`vi| Lye

m¤¢eZ Lv‡j` †gvkvid hLb 2bs †m±i KgvÛvi ZLb nvq`vi 2bs †m±‡ii

UzAvBwm wQ‡jb|

Avgiv hviv fvi‡Z mvgwiK cÖwkÿY wb‡q gyw³‡hv×v n‡qwQ, Avgv‡ì

cÖwkÿYKv‡j AmsLëvi AmsL¨ RvqMvq Avgv‡ì bvg, wcZvi bvg, eZ©gvb I

¯’vqx wVKvbv, KZRb fvB, KZRb †evb, Zv‡ì bvg BZ¨vw` welq wjwce× Kiv

nq Ges ¯vÿi †bqv nq| GB RvZxq ev‡qvWvUv w`‡Z wM‡q Avgiv wei³ n‡q

c‡owQjvg| fviZ miKvi hw` cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡i H ZvwjKv a‡i GL‡bvI

Avgv‡ì Lyu‡R †ei K‡i †dj‡Z cvi‡e| GKgvÎ Kv‡ì wmwÏKx exi DËg Gi

Kv‡`wiqv evwnbx Qvov Avgiv hviv fvi‡Z wM‡q †Uªwbs wb‡q gyw³‡hv×v n‡qwQ –

GB gyw³‡hv×vivB g~j gyw³‡hv×v ev cÖ_g gyw³‡hv×v| GB gyw³‡hv×vivB †`‡k

G‡m QvÎ-hyeK‡ì †Uªwbs w`‡q Av‡iv gyw³‡hv×v ˆZwi K‡i| A_©vr fviZxq

cÖwkÿYcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †_‡KB Rb¥ †bq †`kxq cÖwkÿYcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v| GB

n‡jv BwÛqvb †UªBÛ Ges †jvKvj †UªBÛ gyw³‡hv×v| GB gyw³‡hv×v‡ì mv‡_

G‡`‡ki Avcvgi RbZv †hvM n‡q n‡jv gyw³evwnbx| hw` gyw³evwnbx ejv nq ev

aiv nq, Zvn‡j †Kej gvÎ ivRvKvi, Avjeì, Avjkvgm e¨ZxZ mKj (mv‡o

mvZ †KvwU) evOvwjB gyw³evwnbx|

†hgb †mbvevwnbx; †mbvevwnbxi mKj m`m¨B hy× K‡i bv| †mbvevwnbxi

BwÄwbqvwis †Kv‡ii †jvK‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q weªR, KvjfvU©, cyj BZ¨vw` ˆZwi Kiv|

hy× Kiv bq| Avevi †mbvevwnbxi †gwW‡Kj †Kvi ev wmMj¨vb †Kvi – Gi

m`mïv hy× K‡i bv| †gwW‡Kj †Kv‡ii `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q AvnZ ˆmwb‡Ki wPwKrmv

Kiv, hy× Kiv bq|

wmMb¨vj †Kv‡ii `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q wmMb¨vj †`qv| hy× Kiv bq| †mbvevwnbxi

mvcøvB †Kv‡ii †jv‡Kiv hy× K‡i bv| wKš‘ hy×‡ÿ‡Î im`, †Mvjveviæ`, Lvevi

BZ¨vw` mKj wKQz mvcøvB Kivi ev †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q mvcøvB †Kv‡ii|

†mbvevwnbxi c`vwZK (Bbwdw›Uª), †Mvj›`vR (AvwU©jvwi) BZ¨vw` †Kv‡ii KvR

n‡”Q hy× Kiv|

†mbvevwnbxi c`vwZK (Bbwdw›Uª), †Mvj›`vR (AvwU©jvwi) BZ¨vw` †Kv‡ii

KvR n‡”Q kÎæ‡K AvµgY Kiv ev kÎæi AvµgY cÖwZnZ Kiv| A_©vr mvaviY

fvlvq hy× Kiv| BwÄwbqvwis †Kvi, wmMb¨vj †Kvi, †gwW‡Kj †Kvi, mvcøvB †Kvi

BZ¨vw` mKj †Kvi wg‡jB nq †mbvevwnbx|

GLb hw` BwÄwbqvwis †Kv‡ii †jv‡Kiv weªR ev cyj bv evwb‡q †`q, Zvn‡j

ˆmwb‡Kiv b`x cvi n‡Z cvi‡e bv| †gwW‡Kj †Kvi wPwKrmv bv Ki‡j AvnZ

ˆmwbK my¯’ n‡Z cvi‡e bv| wmMb¨vj †Kvi wmMb¨vj bv w`‡j ˆmwb‡Kiv eyS‡Z

cvi‡e bv| mvcøvB †Kvi mvcøvB bv w`‡j ˆmwb‡Kiv †Mvjveviæ` cv‡e bv, Lvevi

cv‡e bv|

GLb hw` BwÄwbqvwis †Kvi weªR ˆZwi bv K‡i, †gwW‡Kj †Kvi wPwKrmv bv

†`q, wmMb¨vj †Kvi wmMb¨vj bv †`q, mvcøvB †Kvi mvcøvB bv †`q, Zvn‡j wK

c`vwZK ev †Mvj›`vR †Kvi hy× Ki‡Z cvi‡e? bv cvi‡e bv| hy× Ki‡Z n‡j

DwjøwLZ mKj wKQz PvB| GB mKj wKQz wg‡jB nq hy×| Avgv‡ì gyw³hy×I

mKj wKQz wg‡jB n‡q‡Q| †hgb †bŠKvi gvwS gyw³‡hv×v‡ì b`x cvi K‡i w`‡q

27 28

BwÄwbqvwis †Kv‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb| MÖvg¨ Wv³vi ev Jl‡ai †`vKvb`vi

gyw³‡hv×v‡K wPwKrmv K‡i †gwW‡Kj †Kv‡ii KvR K‡i‡Qb| MÖv‡gi K…lK

cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi MwZwewai Lei gyw³‡hv×v‡K Rvwb‡q wmMb¨vj †Kv‡ii

f‚wgKv wb‡q‡Qb| MÖv‡gi gv fvZ †i‡a LvB‡q‡Qb Ges mvaviY gvbyl A ¿ I

¸wji †evSv gv_vq K‡i gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †cuŠ‡Q w`‡q mvcøvB †Kv‡ii KvR

K‡i‡Qb| Z‡eB bv †Kej Avgviv gyw³‡hv×viv hy× K‡iwQ| Avgiv gyw³‡hv×viv

c`vwZK ev †Mvj›`vR †Kv‡ii KvR K‡iwQ| †MvUv mv‡o mvZ †KvwU evOvwj

BwÄwbqvwis, †gwW‡Kj, wmMb¨vj, mvcøvB BZ¨vw` †Kv‡ii KvR K‡i‡Qb Ges GB

mKj †Kv‡ii mgš‡q A_©vr gyw³‡hv×v-RbZvi mgš‡q m„wó n‡q‡Q gyw³evwnbx|

†KejgvÎ ivRvKvi Avjeì e¨ZxZ mKj evOvwj gyw³evwnbx| cvwK Ívwbiv

Aek¨ GB msÁvB wek¦vm KiZ, Avi GB Rb¨B Zviv wbwe©Pv‡i evOvwj nZ¨v

K‡i‡Q| wbwe©Pv‡i evOvwj nZ¨v Kiv Qvov cvwK Ívwb ˆmwbK‡ì Avi hv Kivi wQj

Zv n‡jv AvZ¥mgc©Y| cvwK¯Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi Ae ’v wQj `xcvšÍ‡i ev wbe©vm‡b

Avmv gvby‡li g‡Zv| wbe©vm‡b ev `xcvšÍ‡i Avmv gvbyl _v‡K wbi ¿| wKš‘

cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi ˆmwbK‡ì AvaywbK A ¿k¯¿ w`‡q wbR f‚LÐ cvwK Ívb

†_‡K 12kZ gvBj ~‡i evsjv‡`‡k wbe©vm‡b cvVv‡bv n‡qwQj| cvwK Ívwb

mgiwe` I ivRbxwZweìv g‡b K‡iwQj Zviv ïay A‡ ¿i †Rv‡i gvbyl Lyb K‡iB

evsjv‡`k `xN©w`b `Lj K‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡e| wKš‘ †hB gvÎ wbi ¿ evOvwj mswÿß

mvgwiK †Uªwbs wb‡q A ¿ nv‡Z Zz‡j wbj m‡½ m‡½ ïay kni AÂj Qvov †MvUv

evsjv‡`‡ki wbqš¿Y P‡j †Mj gyw³‡hv×v I gyw³evwnbxi Kv‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k Avmv

cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi Kv‡Q †h ai‡bi A ¿ Ges †h cwigvY A ¿ wQj Zv w`‡q

†Kej wbi ¿ gvbyl‡K `xN©w`b `vwe‡q ivLv †hZ wVKB, wKš‘ mk¯¿ gvbyl‡K †ewk

w`b `vwe‡q ivLv wKQz‡ZB †hZ bv Ges fvi‡Z g‡Zv GKwU iv‡óªi AvµgY

†gvKv‡ejv Kivi †ÿ‡Î evsjv‡`‡k Ae ’vbiZ cvwK Ívwb‡ì A ¿ wQj m¤ú~Y©

AKvh©Ki| gvÎ K‡qK gv‡mi g‡a¨B gyw³‡hv×v Ges G‡`‡ki Avcvgi RbZv

A_©vr gyw³evwnbxi `vc‡U cvK nvbv`viiv iv‡Zi †ejvq Pjv‡div eÜ K‡i

w`‡jv| Z‡e cvK nvbv`viiv VvÐv gv_vq GKUv cwiKíbv ªæZ Pvwj‡q †h‡Z

_vKj, Zvn‡jv – G‡`‡ki bvix‡ì al©Y Kiv| cvwK Ívwb‡ì bxj bKkvB wQj

G‡`‡ki wK‡kvix, hyeZx, igYx wbwe©Pv‡i al©Y K‡i Zv‡ì †c‡U cvwK Ívwb‡ì

RviR mšÍvb ˆZwi Kiv| evOvwj bvixi M‡f© cvwK Ívwb RviR eskai e„w× Kiv

Ges cvwK¯Ívwb GB RviR‡ì w`‡q evsjv‡`k‡K wPiKvj `Lj K‡i ivLv|

cvwK Ívwbiv Zv‡ì cwiKíbv ev ÍevwqZ Kivi Rb¨ †Mvjvg Avhg, gwZDi

ingvb wbRvgx‡ì g‡Zv gywó‡gq nv‡Z †Mvbv KwZcq N„wYZ e¨w³‡K Zv‡ì

†`vmi wnmv‡e †cj wVKB| wKš‘ †MvUv evOvwj RvwZ cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì wPiw`‡bi Rb¨

Dc‡o †djvi Rb¨ wQj e× cwiKi|

Aciw`‡K fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x kÖxgwZ Bw›ìv MvÜxi miKvi Ges fvi‡Zi

RbMY evOvwji Rb¨, evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ Zv‡ì mKj ai‡bi mvnv‡hï

~qvi Ly‡j w`‡jv AK…cYfv‡e|

gyw³hy‡×i gvÎ bq gv‡mi gv_vq fvi‡Zi mv‡_ cvwK Ív‡bi hy× †e‡a †Mj|

GKw`‡K gyw³‡hv×v RbMY wg‡j mv‡o mvZ †KvwU gyw³evwnbx, Zvi mv‡_ †hvM

n‡jv fviZxq †mbvevwnbx| gyw³evwnbx Avi fviZxq evwnbx wg‡jwg‡k n‡jv

wgÎevwnbx| 6B wW‡m¤i wgÎ evwnbx mvovwk AvµgY ïiæ Kij| wbe©vm‡b Avmv

w`‡knviv cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx gvÎ `k w`‡bi gv_vq 16B wW‡m¤‡i Amnvq Gi

g‡Zv civRq eiY Kij| wQqvbeŸB nvRvi cvwK Ívwb ˆmb¨ †Rbv‡ij wbqvwRi

†bZ…‡Z¡ 16B wW‡m¤i 1971 mv‡j †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b (eZ©gvb †mvn &ivIqv ©x

D`¨vb) AvZ¥mgc©Y Kij| GB AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi HwZnvwmK `wj‡j

AvZ¥mgc©YKvix‡ì c‡ÿ cvwK Ívwb‡ì †Rbv‡ij wbqvwR ¯vÿi K‡ib Ges

fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi †Rbv‡ij RMwRr wms A‡iviv weRqx‡ì c‡ÿ ¯vÿi

K‡ib| we‡k¦i ìev‡i cÖwZwôZ n‡jv ¯vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k| gyw³ cvMj

gvbyl gyw³‡hv×v Ges fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi cÖZ¨ÿ AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wQwb‡q

Avbj ¯vaxbZvi jvj m~h©|

evOvwj RvwZ km ¿ hy‡×i gva¨‡g †`k ¯vaxb K‡i 1972 mv‡ji 10B

Rvbyqvwi e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb‡K ¯vaxb †`‡k wdwi‡q Avbj|

¯vaxb †`‡k wd‡i G‡m e½eÜz †kL gywRe, hvi mdj †bZ…‡Z¡ evsjv‡`k

¯vaxb n‡q‡Q wecøwe miKv‡ii cÖavbgš¿x ev gywRe bMi miKv‡ii cÖavbgš¿x

ZvRywÏb Avn‡¤§`‡K cÖavbgš¿xi c` †_‡K mwi‡q wb‡R cÖavbgš¿x n‡jb|

gyw³‡hv×v‡ì KvQ †_‡K A ¿ Rgv wb‡jb| gyw³hy‡×i mgq †h evOvwjiv

cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi Aax‡b PvKwi K‡i‡Q I civwRZ n‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Kv‡Q

AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i‡Q †mB civwRZ cÖkvmb‡K cybwR©exZ Ki‡jb I †`k

cwiPvjbvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡jb| Avi gyw³‡hv×viv †K †Kv_vq †Mj Zvi

†Kv‡bv Lei ivL‡jb bv| ïay ZvB bq, fviZ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q gyw³‡hv×v‡ì

m¤ú~Y© mwVK ZvwjKv _vKv m‡Ë¡I †mB ZvwjKv bv G‡b bvbvRb‡K w`‡q bvbv

iK‡gi gyw³‡hv×v mvwU©wd‡KU weZiY Ki‡jb| Avgvi Rvbv g‡Z, H gyw³‡hv×v

mvwU©wd‡KU †Kv‡bv cÖK…Z gyw³‡hv×v †Zv †bbBwb, eis hviv ivRvKvi wQj, Pig

29 30

myweavev`x wQj, hviv gyw³hy‡×i avi KvQ w`‡qI nuv‡Uwb ZvivB H mKj

gyw³‡hv×v ZvwjKvf‚³ n‡q‡Q Ges mvwU©wd‡KU wb‡q‡Q|

GKRb gyw³‡hv×i RvwZi KvQ †_‡K GKgvÎ, †KejgvÎ m¤§vb e¨ZxZ Avi

wKQz cvIqvi _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| gyw³‡hv×viv RvwZi †MŠie| fviZ miKv‡ii KvQ

†_‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡ì c~Y©v½ ZvwjKv wb‡q Avmvi mnR cš’v MÖnY bv K‡i †Kb

†kL gywRei ingvb bvbvRb‡K w`‡q (A‡bK weZwK©Z e¨w³I Gi g‡a¨ Av‡Q)

bvbvb iK‡gi ZvwjKv Avi gyw³‡hv×v mvwU©wd‡KU w`‡q †j‡R‡Mve‡i †envj

Ae ’v Ki‡jb, Zv †evaMg¨ bq|

gyw³‡hv×viv _vK‡e bv| _vK‡e †`k| _vK‡Z n‡e gyw³‡hv×v‡ì ZvwjKv|

wKš‘ †kL gywRe AwZ mvgvb¨ I AwZ mnR KvR fviZ †_‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡ì

cÖK…Z ZvwjK wb‡q Avm‡Z †Kb e¨_© n‡jb| GB e¨_©Zvi Rb¨ GKRb gyw³‡hv×v

wn‡m‡e e½eÜz †kL gywRe‡K KL‡bvB ÿgv Kie bv|

e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi cÖwZ RvwZi fvjevmv, kÖ×v, me©‡cvwi wek¦vm

AvKvk‡Quvqv, wZwb m`¨ ¯vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x| RvwZi Avkv wQj

gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv wb‡q e½eÜz †kL gywRe GKwU

RvZxq miKvi MVb Ki‡eb| wKš‘ e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb Zv Ki‡jb bv|

wZwb miKvi MVb Ki‡jb gyw³hy‡×i KwVb Z¨v‡Mi cixÿvq wcwQ‡q cov, †`k I

RvwZi cÖwZ `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Pigfv‡e e¨_©, myweav‡fvMx AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †mB me

e¨w³‡ì wb‡q| gyw³hy‡×i mdj †bZv ZvRywÏb Avn‡¤§`mn mKj gyw³‡hv×v‡ì

~‡i †V‡j, e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb civwRZ cÖkvmb I †jvK‡ì w`‡q mk ¿

hy‡×i gva¨‡g weRqx GKwU RvwZ I GKwU †`k‡K cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z wM‡q,

Avm‡j weRqx RvwZ‡K civR‡qi MnŸ‡i †V‡j w`‡jb|

GKRb RvZxq †bZvi Ávb Mwigv Avi AwfÁZvq c~Y©v½ mdj n‡Z hw`

GKkZ gv‡K©i ìKvi nq, Z‡e e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi wQj cÂvk gvK©|

cvwK Ív‡bi †ZBk-PweŸk eQ‡ii Av‡›`vjb Avi msMÖv‡gi ga¨ w`‡q †kL gywRei

ingvb cÂvk gvK© AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb| Avi evwK cÂvk gvK© AR©b n‡Zv, hw`

e½eÜz †kL gywRe 71–G gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvwK¯Ív‡bi Kv‡Q e›`x bv n‡q

gyw³hy‡×i †bZ„Z¡ w`‡Zb| Zvn‡j wZwb cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e eyS‡Zb gyw³hy× Kx|

gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv Kx| gyw³hy‡×i Av`k© Kx| gyw³‡hv×v Kviv nq Ges Kxfv‡e

nq| GKUv RvwZi Rxe‡b gyw³hy× evievi Av‡m bv| RvwZi Rxe‡b gyw³hy×

Avmv weij Z¨v‡Mi e¨vcvi| GKgvÎ gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡gB GKwU RvwZ †`ng‡b

gv_v Zz‡j uvovq Ges cy‡iv‡bv a¨vb aviYv, cy‡iv‡bv mKj eë ’v, msKxY© mKj

wPšÍv †S‡o †d‡j RvwZ bZzb K‡i Rb¥ †bq| GKgvÎ gyw³hy‡×i RxcbcY KwVb

cixÿvi gva¨‡gB †`k I RvwZi †mevq GwM‡q Av‡m RvwZi exi mšÍv‡biv| Avi

wcQ‡b c‡o hvq, cvwj‡q hvq myweavev`x fxiæ Kvcyiæ‡li `j| †Kej gyw³hy‡×i

mgqB cwi®‹vi †Pbv hvq Kviv myweav‡fvMx fxiæ Kvcyiæl Avi Kviv Z¨vMx cyiæl|

wKš‘ RvwZi ~f©vM¨, ~f©vM¨ e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei| e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb

wPb‡jb bv, Rvb‡jb bv RvwZi mvnmx, Z¨vMx cyiæl‡ì| GLv‡bB e½eÜz †kL

gywR‡ei cÂvk gvK© NvUwZ †_‡K †Mj| ïay cÂvk gvK© wb‡q wZwb †`k Pvjv‡Z

†M‡jb| cvwK Ívwbiv hy‡× civwR n‡jv| e›`x n‡jv| wKš‘ Zv‡ì civwRZ

Zv‡e`vwi evOvwj cÖkvmbUv ïay AÿZB ivL‡jb bv eis weRqx evOvwj RvwZi

gv_vi Dci cybivq Pvwc‡q w`‡jb| wZwb `‡j I cÖkvm‡b gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †Zgb

¯’vb w`‡jb bv| GK mg‡q hviv e½eÜz †kL gywRe‡ii `‡j wQj, Zviv wef³

n‡jv, RvwZ wef³ n‡jv| evo‡Z _vKj wbivkvi msL¨v| nZvkv Avi wbivkvi

wfZi w`‡q mgq e‡q †h‡Z _vKj|

G‡`‡ki K…lK–kÖwgK–QvÎ–RbZv Ges mvaviY gvbyl RxebcY K‡i hy×

K‡i‡Q| RxebcY Kiv mKj †hv×v‡ì Z_v †MvUv RvwZi ïay GKwU ¯cœ wQj|

GKwUB Avkv wQj| Avi †m ¯cœ I Avkv n‡jv my‡L _vKvi ¯cœ, my‡L _vKvi

Avkv| myL ej‡Z hv †evSvq Zv n‡jv – _vKvi Rb¨ Ni| ÿzavi Rb¨ Abœ|

†ivM‡kv‡Ki Rb¨ wPwKrmv| cwiav‡bi e ¿ Ges Áv‡bi Rb¨ wkÿv| GB Abœ,

e¯¿, evm ’vb, wPwKrmv I wkÿvi wbðqZvB n‡jv my‡L _vKv| Avi GB my‡L

_vKvi Rb¨B G‡`‡ki gvbyl jovB K‡i‡Q, hy× K‡i‡Q| A¯úó n‡jI RbM‡Yi

AvKv•ÿv wQj mgvR wecø‡ei| Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv msMÖv‡g mgvRZvwš¿K Dcv`vb

wQj, gyw³hy‡× mgvRZš¿xivI wQj| wKš‘ mgvRZš¿xiv †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q

RvZxqZvev`x‡ì Dc‡i IVvi Av‡MB Avgv‡ì †`k ¯vaxb n‡q hvq| gyw³hy×

weKvk jvf bv K‡i Amgvß †_‡K hvq| d‡j mvgvwRK wecøeI Amgvß †_‡K

hvq| ¯vaxbZvi A_© n‡”Q RbM‡Yi gyw³| †`k ¯vaxb n‡jv wKš‘ RbMY gyw³

†cj bv| RbM‡Yi A_©‰bwZK gyw³ n‡jv bv| ¯vaxbZv DËi evsjv‡`‡k cyivZb

mgvR KvVv‡gv †f‡½ bZzb mgvR Movi ga¨ w`‡q mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ AwaKvi I

myy‡hv‡Mi mvg¨ cÖwZôv bv K‡i eis cÖwZnZ K‡i‡Q mvgvwRK wecøe‡K| AÿzYœ

†i‡L‡Q Amg weKv‡ki cyivZb aviv‡K| Zviv jyÉb K‡i‡Q yÕnv‡Z| Avgjv,

Kv‡jv eëmvqx, Amr ivRbxwZK GivB µgvMZ abx n‡q‡Q ¯vaxbfv‡e|

RbM‡Yi AMÖMwZ n‡e Kx? Zviv Av‡iv wbt¯, Av‡iv `wi ª n‡Z _vKj| †bZ…Z¡

mgMÖ RbM‡Yi ¯v_© bv †`‡L, †kÖYx¯v_© †`‡L‡Q| Zvrc‡h©i welq †bZ…Z¡ †h

†Kej †kÖYx‡Z mxgve× wQj Zv bq, AvUK wQj `j Ges me©‡cvwi cwiev‡ii

31 32

Kv‡Q| †`‡k yf©xÿ ïiæ n‡jv| nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl bv †L‡Z †c‡q ÿzavq gviv

†Mj| e„w× †cj jyÉb I ~b©xwZ| †kL gywR‡ei †bZ…Z¡ wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv nviv‡Z

jvMj| Aci w`‡K Amgvß mvgvwRK wecø‡ei wecøexiv c~e© evsjv me©nviv cvwU©i

gnvb †bZv Kg‡iW wmivR wkK`v‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ Zv‡ì mk¯¿ wecøex ZrciZv

ZxeªZi K‡i †Zv‡j| hyeKiv c~e© evsjv me©nviv cvwU© wR›`vev`, Kg‡iW wmivR

wkK`vi wR›`vev` aŸwb w`‡q †`‡k e¨vcK GK bZzb msMÖvg ïiæ K‡i| GB

msMÖv‡gi bvg †`q †kÖYx msMÖvg| `‡j `‡j hyeKiv wmivR wkK`v‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ GB

mk ¿ msMÖv‡g †hvM w`‡Z _v‡K|

Avw`Kvj †_‡K wkwÿZ I abx cwiev‡i wmivR wkKv`vi Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|

wmivR wkK`vi LyeB †gavex QvÎ wQ‡jb Ges wb‡R weGmwm (wmwfj) BwÄwbqvi

wQ‡jb| QvÎ Rxe‡b wZwb evgcwš’ QvÎ msMVb Ki‡Zb| †kÖYx msMÖvg I mgvR

wecø‡ei cÖ‡qvR‡b Kg‡iW wmivR wkKv`v‡ii mk¯¿ msMÖvg GZB e¨vcK I Zxeª

n‡jv †h, †kL gywRei ingv‡bi cÖkvmb w`b‡K w`b APj n‡q †h‡Z ïiæ Kij|

wbh©vwZZ–wbcxwoZ–†kvwlZ evOvwji ü`q Kg‡iW wmivR wkKv`vi‡K wN‡i bZzb

K‡i ¯cœ `vbv euva‡Z jvMj|

1974 mv‡ji 2 Rvbyqvwi wmivR wkK`vi †MÖdZvi, cjvqbKv‡j cywj‡ki

¸wj‡Z wbnZ, GB wk‡ivbv‡g †`‡ki mKj cwÎKvq msev` cwi‡ewkZ n‡jv|

cywj‡ki †cÖm‡bv‡U ejv n‡jv wmivR wkK`vi‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv n‡qwQj Ges

mvfvi †ivW w`‡q wb‡q Avmvi mgq wmivR wkK`vi cywj‡ki f¨vb †_‡K jvwd‡q

c‡o cvwj‡q hvIqvi †Póv K‡iwQj| ZLb cywjk ¸wj K‡i, †mB ¸wj‡Z wmivR

wkK`vi wbnZ nq|

wKš‘ AbymÜvb K‡i Rvbv hvq cywj‡ki †cÖm‡bvU ev‡bvqvU| wmivR

wkK`vi‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nq wVKB| Ges †MÖdZv‡ii ci webv wePv‡i e›`x

Ae ’vq ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq| wmivR wkK`v‡ii ey‡K †gvU cuvPwU ¸wji wPý

wQj| hv mvg‡b †_‡K Kiv n‡q‡Q| †KD hw` cvjv‡Z _v‡K Ges cjvqb ci

e¨w³‡K hw` wcQb †_‡K ¸wj Kiv nq, Zvn‡j ¸wj wc‡V we× n‡e| wKš‘ wmivR

wkK`v‡ii ey‡K ey‡jU we× n‡qwQj| wZwb †gnbwZ gvby‡li gyw³i Rb¨,

†kvl‡Ki †klY †_‡K gvby‡li gyw³i Rb¨ e¨w³MZ mKj †fvM-wejvm, my‡hvM-

myweav wemR©b w`‡q me©nviv †kÖYx‡Z wg‡k †M‡jb| wbcxwoZ, wbh©vwZZ me©nviv

gvby‡li AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Ni-msmvi, AvZ¥xq-cwiRb, Avivg-Av‡qk Z¨vM

K‡i mgvR wecø‡e wb‡R‡K m¤ú~Y© DrmM© K‡iwQ‡jb| gvby‡li Rb¨ Ggb

DrmM©K…Z cÖvY Kg‡iW wmivR wkK`vi‡K webv wePv‡i e›`x Ae ’vq wgg©g

wbôzifv‡e nZ¨v Kivi ci †kL gywRei ingvb cweÎ cvj©v‡g‡›U uvwo‡q `‡¤¢i

mv‡_ ej‡jb, AvR †Kv_vq wmivR wkK`vi?

GB NUbvi ci †kL gywR‡ei †`k‡cÖg, gnvbyfeZv Ges AvBb I wePv‡ii

cÖwZ kÖ×v cÖ‡kœi m¤§yLxb n‡q coj| gvbyl fve‡Z jvMj †kL gywRe hw` GKRb

†`k‡cÖwgK nb, GKRb exi nb, GKRb gnvb †bZv nb, Zvn‡j Kx K‡i Avi

GKRb †`k‡cÖwgK Avi GKRb exi‡K Avi GKRb me©¯Z¨vMx gnvb †bZv‡K

webv wePv‡i e›`x`kvq ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡jb? Avevi RNb¨ Ab¨vq I

Kj‡¼i K_v cweÎ cvj©v‡g‡›U `‡¤¢i mv‡_ †kL gywRe Kx K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡jb!

1975 mv‡j †kL gywRei ingvb cÖavbgš¿x †_‡K ivóªcwZ n‡jb| †`‡ki

mKj ivR‰bwZK `j wbwl× †NvlYv Ki‡jb Ges cÖwZwôZ Ki‡jb GK`jxq

evKkvjx kvmb eë ’v| †kL gywR‡ei evKkvj Qvov †KD Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `j Ki‡Z

cvi‡e bv| miKvi wbqwš¿Z PviwU msev`cÎ Qvov †`‡ki Ab¨ mKj msev`cÎ

wbwl× †NvlYv Kiv n‡jv| RvwZi wefw³ †Mj bv| Avkv-wbivkvi wgkÖ cÖwZwµqv

eB‡Z jvMj| 1975 mv‡ji 7B Ryb eû gvbyl, eû †ckvRxwe msMVb e½eÜz

†kL gywRei ingvb‡K evKkvj Kivi Rb¨ cÖej el©Y D‡cÿv K‡i Awfev`b

Rvbvj|

miKvwi gvwjKvbvq †bqv ˆ`wbK B‡ËdvKmn PviwU cwÎKv Qvov evwK mKj

msev`cÎ wbwl×| †kL gywR‡ei †bqv bZzb GK`jxq ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK,

cÖkvmwbK eë ’v m¤ú‡K© ivRbxwZwe`, mvwnwZ¨K, mvsevw`K, mvgwiK-†emvgwiK

e¨w³mn †`‡ki mKj bvMwi‡Ki wKQzB ejvi my‡hvM _vKj bv| me©Î wbt¯ÍäZv|

15B AvM÷ 1975 mvj| dR‡ii AvRv‡bi ci KvK WvKv †fv‡i †iwWI‡Z

†gRi Wvwj‡gi KÉ, Avwg †gRi Wvwjg ejwQ, ˆ¯îvPvix †kL gywRe‡K nZ¨v Kiv

n‡q‡Q| †mbvevwnbx ÿgZv `Lj K‡i‡Q| Awbw ©óKv‡ji Rb¨ Kvd©y †NvlYv Kiv

n‡q‡Q|

Gici wØZxqevi †NvlYv Kiv n‡jv, †kL gywRe I Zvi ˆ¯îvPvix miKvi‡K

DrLvZ K‡i L›`Kvi †gv¯ÍvK Avn‡g‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ mvgwiK evwnbx ÿgZv `Lj

K‡i‡Q Ges Kvd©y Rvwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|

mnKg©x wn‡m‡e †kL gywRe hv‡ì `xN©w`b Kv‡Q Ges cv‡k †i‡L‡Qb †mB

mKj AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZv bxie Ges wbðzc †_‡K‡Qb| mvgvb¨ msL¨K wKQz

QvÎjx‡Mi ZiæY †bZ…¯’vbxq Kg©xiv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM

Ki‡j Zviv mevB PzcPvc _vKvi Ges A‡cÿv Kivi I †`Lvi civgk© I wb‡ ©k

†`b| †bZv‡ì Bs‡iwR‡Z GKUv Kgb WvqjM wQj, hv †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î

wb‡ ©k wn‡m‡eI gvb¨ n‡q‡Q| GB WvqjMwU n‡jv ÔI‡qU GÛ wmÕ| Õ75–Gi

33 34

15B AvM÷ †kL gywRe nZ¨vi ci AvIqvgx †bZv‡ì ÔI‡qU GÛ wmÕ–Gi

ivRbxwZ ïiæ nq| QvÎ †bZvKg©x‡ì LyeB mvgvb¨ GKUv Ask ÔI‡qU GÛ wmÕ

ivRbxwZ cÖZ¨vLvb K‡i Aby‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kg©-ZrciZv ïiæ K‡i Ges ZrciZv

g~jZt ïay XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qB mxgve× _v‡K| GB Kg©-ZrciZvq

AskMÖnYKvix‡ì g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ wQ‡jb eZ©gvb Kgy¨wb÷ cvwU©i (wmwcwe)

mvaviY m¤úv`K gyRvwn yj Bmjvg †mwjg|

15B AvM÷–G †kL gywRei ingvb‡K nZ¨vi ci nZ¨vi mg_©‡b Avb›`

Djøvm K‡i ivRc‡_ †Kv‡bv wgwQj nqwb| Avevi nZ¨vi wec‡ÿI †Kv‡bv †kvK

mfv, †kvK wgwQj Ges cÖwZev` wgwQjI nqwb|

ejv hvq †kL gywRe nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wcQ‡b cÖvq mKj mvgwiK Ges †emvgwiK

†bZ…Z¡ mg_©b RywM‡qwQj| AšÍZ GK_v mn‡RB ejv hv‡e †h, mK‡jB bxi‡e G

nZ¨v †g‡b wb‡qwQj †KejgvÎ e¨wZµg Kv‡ì wmwÏKx Qvov|

gyw³hy‡×i wKse`šÍx Kv‡ì wmwÏKx †kL gywRe nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` 1971–Gi

gyw³hy‡×i b¨vq Avev‡iv mk ¿ hy× ïiæ K‡i| †kL gywRe nZ¨vKv‡Ûi ci

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZviv Ges †kL gywR‡ei gš¿xmfvi m`mïvB L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK

Avn‡¤§`–Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ gš¿xmfv MVb K‡i| L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§` †kL

gywR‡ei ¯’jvwfwl³ nb| L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§` wQ‡jb †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

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mvsweavwbKfv‡e m¤ú~Y© A‰ea wQj| ZeyI †`‡ki bZzb ivóªcwZ nb L›`Kvi

†gv¯ÍvK Avn‡¤§` Ges L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z gš¿xmfvq †hvM`vb

K‡ib eZ©gvb †kL nvwmbvi gš¿xmfvi m`m¨ Aveyj nvmvb †PŠayixi wcZv mv‡eK

ivóªcwZ Avey mvC` †PŠayix| †kL nvwmbvi AvIqvgx jxM mfvcwZ gÐjxi m`m¨

Ges Ggwc Avãyj gvbœvbmn †kL gywR‡ei gš¿xmfvi A‡bK gš¿x|

L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§‡ì ivóªcwZ nIqv mvsweavwbKfv‡e †Kv‡bv êaZv

bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I A‰eafv‡e L›`Kvi †gv¯ÍvK Avn‡¤§`‡K ivóªcwZ wn‡m‡e kc_

evK¨ cvV Kivb mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i A ’vqx cÖavb wePvicwZ G, we gvnvgy` †nv‡mb|

GQvov gyw³hy‡×i exi †mbvbx e½exi †Rbv‡ij Gg, G, wR Imgvbx

L›`Kvi †gv Ív‡Ki mvgwiK Dc‡`óv nb| 15B AvM÷ mKvj 09.00 NwUKvq

ZrKvjxb †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †kL nvwmbvi `‡ji eZ©gvb Ggwc †gRi †Rbv‡ij

kwdDjøvn †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb wn‡m‡e L›`Kvi †gv¯ÍvK Avn‡¤§‡ì cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨

cÖKvk K‡i †iwWI‡Z fvlY †`b| Gici AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk K‡i †iwWI‡Z fvlY

†`b wegvb evwnbx cÖavb †kL nvwmbvi eZ©gvb weZwK©Z Ggwc G, †K L›`Kvi,

†bŠ evwnbxi cÖavb GWwgivj Gg, GBP Lvb I wewWAvi Ges cywjk cÖavbMY|

bZzb ivóªcwZ wn‡m‡e L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§` cvj©v‡g›U †g¤vi‡ì mfv

Wv‡Kb| GB mfvq †hvM`vb Kiv †_‡K weiZ ivLvi Rb¨ QvÎ‡bZv wbnZ ˆmq`

b~iæj Bmjvg b~iæi †bZ…‡Z¡ QvÎjx‡Mi nv‡Z †Mvbv K‡qKRb Kg©x †Rvi †Póv I

Z`wei Pvjv‡jI AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÖvq mKj Ggwc D³ mfvq †hvM`vb K‡ib|

Aciw`‡K weL¨vZ gyw³‡hv×v e½exi Avãyj Kv‡ì wmwÏKx exiDËg Zvi

Rbv cÂv‡kK mv_xmn mxgvšÍ GjvKvq Ae ’vb wb‡q L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§`–

Gi miKv‡ii weiæ‡× mk¯¿ hy× ïiæ Ki‡j, QvÎ‡bZv ˆmq` b~iæj Bmjvg b~iæ

Zvi K‡qKRb m½x wb‡q e„nËg gqgbwmsn Ges e„nËg wm‡jU †Rjvq mxgvšÍ

AÂ‡j Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi †bZ…‡Z¡ M‡o IVv msMVb RvZxq gyw³ evwnbx‡Z †hvM

†`b| WvKmyi mv‡eK wfwc gyRvwn yj Bmjvg †mwjg (eZ©gv‡b KwgDwbó

ÒwmwcweÓ cvwU©i mvaviY m¤úv`K) BmgZ Kvwì Mvgv, iweDj Avjg †PŠayix

(eZ©gv‡b miKvwi Avgjv I cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi wcGm †gv³vwì †PŠayix)

†ì †bZ…‡Z¡ gvÎ kÕLv‡bK QvÎ‡bZv I Kg©x XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q ivR‰bwZK Kg©

ZrciZv ïiæ Ki‡j, GB Kg© ZrciZv cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ Rvm` QvÎjxM

(MYevwnbx) cÖejfv‡e mwµq n‡q I‡V|

1975 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡mi †k‡li w`‡K QvÎjx‡Mi GB gywó‡gq

†bZvKg©x wg‡j wm×všÍ wbj 4Vv b‡f¤i, 1975 avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz †kL

gywRei ingv‡bi evmfe‡b †gŠb wgwQj K‡i hvIqv n‡e|

4Vv b‡f¤‡ii †gŠb wgwQj mdj K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq Ges

XvKv kn‡i †Mvcb êVK Pj‡Z jvMj| 2iv b‡f¤i wèvMZ Mfxi iv‡Z A_©vr

3iv b‡f¤i cÖZz¨‡l †`‡k wØZxq mvgwiK Af~¨Ìvb NUj| 3iv b‡f¤i mKv‡j

†mvwf‡qZ ivwkqv wbwg©Z †evgviæ wegvb wgM 21 AvKv‡k Doj Ges LyeB wbP

w`‡q Nb Nb gnov w`‡Z jvMj| evsjv‡`k †eZv‡ii ev †iwWI evsjv‡`‡ki Ges

†Uwjwfkb m¤úªPvi mvivw`b eÜ iBj| †evgviæ wegv‡bi wbP w`‡q Nb Nb gnov

†`qv Ges †iwWI eÜ _vKvq †`‡k †h wØZxq evi mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìvb n‡q‡Q GUv

¯úó eySv †Mj Ges GUvI my¯úó eySv †Mj †h, GB 2q mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìv‡bi Rq-

civR‡qi †Kv‡bv wbwðZ djvdj GL‡bvI nqwb| †Kv‡bv cÿB GLbI wbwðZ

weRqx nqwb| Avi GB Rb¨B †evgviæ wegvb wgM 21 evi evi bx‡P WªvBf w`‡q

cÖwZcÿ‡K †evgv gvivi ûgwK w`‡”Q Ges †eZvi ev †iwWI eÜ i‡q‡Q| †evgviæ

wegvb †evgv gvivi ûgwK w`‡”Q wKš‘ †evgv gvi‡Q bv, G †_‡K †evSv hv‡”Q yB

35 36

c‡ÿi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Pj‡Q| Avi †mB Rb¨B hy× wegvb Avµg‡Yi gnov w`‡”Q

wKš‘ AvµgY Ki‡Q bv|

iv‡Z nVvr †Uwjwfkb m¤úªPvi ïiæ Kij wKš‘ Af‚¨Ìvb m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv

wKQzB ejv n‡jv bv| 4Vv b‡f¤i mKvj †ejv c~e© wba©vwiZ Kg©m~Px Abyhvqx †gŠb

wgwQ‡ji cÖ ‘wZ wb‡q kÕ cuv‡PK QvÎ-RbZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eUZjvq mg‡eZ

n‡jv| mg‡eZ QvÎ-RbZv wew”Qbœfv‡e mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìvb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv ïiæ

Kij| G‡ì AwaKvs‡kiB aviYv †mbvevwnbxi bZzb cÖavb gyw³hy‡×i

†NvlYv`vbKvix †gRi †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingvb Af‚¨Ìvb K‡i‡Qb| gyw³hy‡×i

†NvlK wn‡m‡e mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q †Rbv‡ij wRqvi GKUv cwiwPwZ wQj Ges

MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv wQj| ZvB A‡b‡KB g‡b K‡i‡Q †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingv‡bi

†bZ…‡Z¡B mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìvb n‡q‡Q| Aek¨ †KD †KD ejj weª‡MwWqvi Lv‡j`

†gvkviid Af‚¨Ìvb K‡i‡Qb| Af‚¨Ìvb Gi †bZ…Z¡ †K w`‡q‡Qb Zv cy‡ivcywi

wbwðZ bv nIqv †M‡jI GKUv wel‡q wbwðZ nIqv †M‡Q †h, 15B AvM‡÷

Af‚¨Ìvb K‡i †kL gywRe‡K hviv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q, Zviv GLb Avi ÿgZvq †bB

Ges Zviv †`k Z¨vM K‡i‡Q| B‡Zvg‡a¨ Av‡iv K‡qKkZ †jvK mgv‡e‡k †hvM

w`‡q‡Q| mvZ-AvUkZ †jvK wb‡q †gŠb wgwQj ïiæ n‡jv| †gŠb wgwQj avbgwÐ

32bs mo‡K e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb Gi evmfeb Awfgy‡L hvÎ Kij|

cjvwki †gv‡o cywjk cÖ_g evav w`‡jv| cywjk ej‡Q, wgwQj wbwl× Avcbviv

wgwQj Ki‡eb bv| †K wgwQj wbwl× K‡i‡Q wR‡Ám Ki‡j cywjk †Kv‡bv DËi

w`‡Z cv‡iwb| cywjk e‡j‡Q Avcbviv GKUz A‡cÿ Kiæb Avgiv DaŸ©Zb

KZ…©c‡ÿi Kv‡Q †R‡b †bB| wKš‘ wgwQj _vgj bv| wgwQj Pj‡Z _vKj| cywjkI

KvgKvIqv‡ Í nvjKv cvZjv evav w`‡Z jvMj| wKš‘ cÖK…Z A‡_© cywjwk evav

ej‡Z hv eySvq Zv cywjk †gv‡UI †`qwb| Avm‡j cywjkI RvbZ bv Kviv GLb

†`‡ki ÿgZvq Av‡Q, †`‡k Kx n‡”Q, cywj‡ki Kx KiYxq| cywjk A‡bKUv

wKsKZ©e¨weg~p wQj| wbtkã †gŠb wgwQj mvBÝ j¨ve‡iUwii †gvo cvo n‡q

KjvevMv‡bi w`‡K †h‡Z _vK‡j Gw`‡K cvnvovq _vKv †mbvevwnbxi `k-evi Rb

ˆmb¨ wgwQ‡ji w`‡K GwM‡q G‡jv| ˆmb¨‡ì wgwQ‡ji w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Z †`‡L

†ekwKQz wgwQjKvix wgwQj Z¨vM K‡i Av‡kcv‡k m‡i coj| ˆmbïv wgwQ‡ji

w`‡K GwM‡q G‡jv wVKB wKš‘ wgwQ‡j evav `vb ev mg_©b †Kv‡bv wKQzB Kij

bv| ïay ZvwK‡q ZvwK‡q †`L‡Z jvMj| Z‡e ˆmb¨‡ì ZvKv‡bvi fw½Uv weiƒc

wQj| Zviv euvKv †Pv‡LB wgwQjUv‡K †`‡L‡Q Ges g‡b n‡q‡Q wØZxq mvgwiK

Af~¨Ìvb I ˆmb¨‡ì KiYxq m¤ú‡K© ZvivI wbwðZ bb| wgwQj KjvevMvb

AwZµg Kivi mgq weª‡MwWqvi Lv‡j` †gvkviid–Gi gv Ges †QvU fvB iv‡k`

†gvkviid (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbvi f‚wg cÖwZgš¿x) wgwQ‡j Ask wb‡j weª‡MwWqvi

Lv‡j` †gvkviid–Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ Af~¨Ìv‡bi wel‡q we ÍvwiZ Rvbvq hvq| GLv‡bB

Rvbv †Mj bZzb †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †gRi †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingvb‡K weª‡MwWqvi

Lv‡j` †gvkviid Gi AbyMZ evwnbx e›`x K‡i‡Q Ges AbwZwej‡¤ weª‡MwWqvi

Lv‡j` †gvkviid †gRi †Rbv‡ij c‡`vbœwZ wb‡q †mbvevwnbx cÖavb n‡”Qb|

wgwQj 32 b¤i avbgwÐ e½eÜz fe‡bi †M‡U wM‡q weKvj wZbUvq wek¦we`¨vj‡q

Rgv‡qZ I we‡ÿvf wgwQ‡ji Kg©m~Px w`‡q †kl nq|

ycyi 01:00 Uvi w`‡K avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡ii e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb–Gi

fe‡bi mvg‡b †_‡K †h hvi ¯’v‡b wd‡i hvB| gvÎ Avav N›Uv mg‡qi g‡a¨

ycy‡ii Avnvi †kl K‡i cyivb XvKv †_‡K Avevi XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q iIbv nB|

weKvj wZbUvi Av‡MB Avgiv XvKmy fe‡bi mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z n‡q †`wL cÖvq nvRvi

Lv‡bK QvÎ-RbZv B‡Zvg‡a¨B mg‡eZ n‡q‡Q| AvbyôvwbKfv‡e mgv‡ek ïiæ

nqwb wKš‘ wewÿßfv‡e mevB Av‡jvPbv KiwQj| GB Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi g~j

welq wQj †RjLvbvq RvZxq Pvi †bZv nZ¨v| MZKvj 03iv b‡f¤i †kL gywRe

nZ¨vKvixiv †RjLvbvi Af¨šÍ‡i e›`x Ae ’vq evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g cÖavbgš¿x

gyw³hy‡×i mdj †bZ…Z¡ `vbKvix Rbve ZvRywÏb Avn‡¤§`, cÖ_g ivóªcwZ

(A ’vqx) ˆmq` bRiæj Bmjvg, cÖavbgš¿x K¨v‡Þb (Aet) gybmyi Avjx Ges

wkígš¿x Kvgiæ¾vgvb‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i Ges Zvici †`k Z¨vM K‡i|

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n‡jv| †RjLvbvq RvZxq Pvi †bZv nZ¨vi Le‡i wgwQ‡ji gvbyl¸‡jv †Kgb †hb

wegl© n‡q †Mj| wgwQjUv cy‡iv‡bv XvKvi w`‡K GwM‡q †h‡Z jvMj| wKš‘

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w`‡jb| Gi Av‡M weKvj 03:00 Uvi w`‡K †mvn&ivIqv ©x D`¨v‡bi cwðg †Kv‡Y

wZb †bZvi gvRv‡ii mvg‡b RvZxq Pi †bZv‡K `vdb †`qvi Rb¨ Kei †Lvov

n‡jv| wKš‘ †kl ch©šÍ cywj‡ki evavi Rb¨ RvZxq Pvi †bZv‡K GLv‡b Kei

†`qv †Mj bv|

37 38

Avgiv `k-GMvi Rb wgwQj Ki‡Z Ki‡Z cyivZb kn‡i Avgv‡ì gnjøvq

wd‡i Gjvg| ZLb ivZ 08:00 Uv n‡e| gnjøvq G‡m cwiwPZ gvB‡Ki †`vKvb

†_‡K gvBK Ges †M‡iR †_‡K wiKkv wb‡q gvBK †eu‡a wgwQj Ges c_mfv

Ki‡Z jvMjvg| c_mfv I wgwQ‡j RvZxq Pvi †bZv nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡`

AvMvgxKvj †kvKmfvi †NvlYv w`‡Z _vKjvg| c_mfv Ges wgwQ‡j RbZv †Zv

AskMÖnY KijB bv, GgbwK AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZv-Kg©xivI AskMÖnY Kij bv|

Avgiv `k-GMv‡iv Rb QvÎ‡bZv-Kg©xB mvivUv cyivZb kn‡ii hZUv GjvKv

m¤¢e wgwQj Avi c_mfv Ki‡Z _vKjvg| ivZ 11:00 Uvi w`‡K k¨vgevRvi

GjvKvq wgwQj wb‡q G‡j m~Îvcyi _vbvi cywjk iv¯Ívi `yB w`K †_‡K †NivI K‡i

Avgv‡ì †eoai jvwV‡cUv K‡i wiKkv Ges gvBK wQwb‡q wb‡q hvq| cywj‡ki

GB nvgjvq ¸iæZi AvnZ nq QvÎ BDwbqb †bZv eZ©gv‡b miKvwi Avgjv

L›`Kvi kIKZ †nv‡mb (Rywjqvm) Ges Kwe bRiæj miKvwi K‡j‡Ri Zz‡Lvo

QvÎ‡bZv mr I cÖwZev`x e¨w³Z¡ weGbwc miKvi KZ…©K g‡bvbxZ 79bs IqvW©

†Pqvig¨vb eZ©gv‡b RvZxqZvev`x `j 79bs IqvW© mfvcwZ Rb‡bZv †gvt dwi`

DwÏb| Avgiv mevB cvwj‡q †Mjvg| iv‡Z †KDB evmvq _vKjvg bv| wKš‘

wiKkvIqvjv, wiKkvi gvwjK, gvBKIqvjv Giv mevB Avgvi evmvq G‡m wiKkv

Avi gvBK `vwe K‡i e‡m iBj| ciw`b mKv‡j UvKv-cqmv w`‡q _vbvq †jvK

cvVv‡bv n‡jv wiKkv Avi gvBK Qvov‡bvi Rb¨, wKš‘ _vbv cywjk wKQz‡ZB gvBK

Avi wiKkv Qvoj bv| 03iv b‡f¤i weª‡MwWqvi Lv‡j` †gvkvii‡di †bZ…‡Z¡

msMwVZ wØZxq mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìv‡b e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi nZ¨vKvixiv †`k

†_‡K cvwj‡q †M‡jI hvi †bZ…‡Z¡ gywRei ingvb‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv Ges whwb

msweavb ewnf~©Zfv‡e A‰ea cš’vq †`‡ki ivóªcwZ n‡q em‡jb †bB L›`Kvi

†gv¯ÍvK Avn‡¤§` wVKB ivóªcwZ c‡` envj _vK‡jb| 15B AvM÷ mKv‡j

evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªcwZ e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb‡K nZ¨v K‡i msweavb ewnf~©Z

cš’vq m¤ú~Y© A‰eafv‡e ivóªcwZ n‡q emv L›`Kvi †gv¯ÍvK Avn‡¤§`‡K ivóªcwZ

wn‡m‡e kc_ evK¨ cvV Kivb evsjv‡`k mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i ZrKvjxb A ’vqx cÖavb

wePvicwZ G, we, gvngy` †nv‡mb| msweavb ewnf~©Z cš’vq ivóªcwZ c‡` AwawôZ

L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK Avn‡¤§`–Gi KvQ †_‡K 05B b‡f¤i, 1975–G weª‡MwWqvi

Lv‡j` †gvkviid c‡`vbœwZ wb‡q †gRi †Rbv‡ij nb Ges †mB mv‡_ gyw³hy‡×i

†NvlK †gRi †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingvb‡K †mbvevwnbxi c` †_‡K mwi‡q w`‡q

wb‡RB †mbvevwnbx cÖavb c‡` AwawôZ nb| wegvb evwnbx I †bŠ evwnbx cÖavbMY

Lv‡j` †gvkviid‡K †gRi †Rbv‡ij I †mbvevwnbx cÖavb Gi e¨vP cwi‡q

w`‡”Qb GB Qwe cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ nq|

5B b‡f¤i wek¦we`¨vj‡q GjvKvq kÕ cuv‡PK QvÎ-RbZv mg‡eZ n‡jI

†bZ…‡Z¡i Afv‡e Ges Rvm` QvÎjx‡Mi `vc‡Ui Kvi‡Y 4Vv b‡f¤i †NvwlZ 5B

b‡f¤‡ii †kvKmfv AbywôZ nqwb| †`‡ki me©‡kl ivR‰bwZK cwiw ’wZ m¤ú‡K©

A¯úóZv Ges AvZ¼ wb‡q wewÿß K_vevZ©v Avi wgwQ‡ji †Póvi ga¨ w`‡q 5B

b‡f¤‡ii w`b †kl n‡q †M‡j mÜ¨vq Avgiv cyivZb XvKvq wd‡i Avwm Ges

miKvwi Kwe bRiæj K‡j‡Ri knx` mvgmyj Avjg QvÎvev‡mi QvÎ‡ì wb‡q

QvÎmfv Kwi| ciw`b 6B b‡f¤i mKv‡j cyivZb XvKv †_‡K h_vixwZ Avgiv

`k-GMvi Rb wgwQj wb‡q AveviI XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q mg‡eZ n‡j L›`Kvi

†gv¯ÍvK Avn‡¤§`‡K ivóªcwZ c` †_‡K mwi‡q mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i cÖavb wePvicwZ

Avey mvnv`vZ †gvt mv‡qg‡K ivóªcwZ Kiv, (AvIqvgx jx‡Mi) cvj©v‡g›U †f‡½

†`qv, mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Kiv Ges †mbvevwnbx cÖavb wn‡m‡e †gRi †Rbv‡ij

Lv‡j` †gvkvii‡di cÖavb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK nIqvmn BZ¨vw` welq m¤ú‡K©

we ÍvwiZ †kvbv hvq Ges GB w`‡bI Avgv‡ì wgwQj I Av‡jvPbvi †Kv‡bv

AvbyôvwbKZv wQj bv| mevB wQj wewÿß Ges wew”Qbœ| mÜ¨v bvMv` Avgiv

cyivZb kn‡i wd‡i Avwm| †bZ…‡Z¡i †Kv_vI †KD †bB| me †Kgb †hb k~b¨ I

duvKv| †`‡k Av‡iv mvsNvwZK eo ai‡bi Kx †hb n‡Z hv‡”Q Zv Abyfe Kiv

hvq, Dcjwä Kiv hvq| wKš‘ cwi®‹vi eySv hvq bv| AvIqvgx evKkvjx †bZviv

me †K †h Kx Ki‡Q ev †Kv_vq cvwj‡q †M‡Q ZvI eySv hvq bv| QvÎ †bZv‡ì

g‡a¨ e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei fv‡Mœ †kL knx` A‡bKUv cvZv‡bv M„ne›`x e‡jB g‡b

n‡”Q| BmgZ Kvwì Mvgvi ZZUv eyw×ïw× †bB| Z‡e wKQz Kivi †Póvq Av‡Qb|

iweDj Avjg †PŠayix (eZ©gvb Avgjv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi wcGm †gv³vwì

†PŠayix) Av‡Qb, me mgqB Av‡Qb| ej‡Z †M‡j †mB GLb me PvB‡Z eo

†bZv| XvKmyi mv‡eK wfwc QvÎ BDwbqb †bZv gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg †mwjg n‡jb

wKQz GKUv Kivi †PóvKvix‡ì g~j †bZv| QvÎ‡bZv ˆmq` b~iæ Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi

mv‡_ †hvM w`‡q‡Qb|

AvMvgxKvj h_vixwZ wek¦we`¨vj‡q hvIqv Qvov Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv Kg©m~Px

†bB| ivZ hLb Mfxi n‡jv, †òUv- yUv ev‡R, Nwoi mgq Abyhvqx 7B b‡f¤i

Mfxi iv‡Z nVvr ¸wji AvIqvR †kvbv †h‡Z jvMj| ivZ hZB evo‡Z jvMj

¸wji AvIqvRI ZZB evo‡Z jvMj| ¸wji AvIqv‡R g‡b n‡Z jvMj G †hb

cuwP‡k gvP©, 1971–Gi g‡ZvB GK Kv‡jv ivZ| cuwP‡k gvP©, 1971–Gi

cvwK Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbx wbi ¿ NygšÍ evOvwj‡K wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|

wKš‘ AvR‡Ki ¸wj Kviv Ki‡Q| †Kb Ki‡Q| Kvi weiæ‡× Ki‡Q wKQzB eySv

hv‡”Q bv|

39 40

7B b‡f¤i †fvi n‡Z bv n‡ZB †`Lv †Mj †mbvevwnbxi wmcvnxiv (†Rvqvb)

AvKvkcv‡b ¸wj Ki‡Z Ki‡Z iv Ív w`‡q cv‡q †nu‡U, Mvwo‡Z P‡o †h †hfv‡e

Lywk Ny‡i †eov‡”Q| Avi GB †mbv wmcvnx‡ì mv‡_ ¯Ztù‚Z©fv‡e RbM‡Yi

GKUv Ask †hvM w`‡q‡Q| wmcvnx-RbZv ivRc‡_ wgwQj Ki‡Q Avi AvKv‡ki

w`‡K ¸wj Qzuo‡Q, †køvMvb w`‡”Q| wmcvnx-RbZvi GB wgwQj †_‡K bvbv ai‡Yi

†køvMvb †kvbv †Mj| †Kv‡bv wgwQj †_‡K †køvMvb G‡jv †gv ÍvK-wRqv wR›`vev`,

gymwjg evsjv wR›`vev`| †Kv‡bv wgwQj †_‡K †køvMvb DVj K‡b©j Zv‡ni

wR›`vev`, Zv‡ni-wRqv fvB fvB| MYevwnbx wR›`vev`, wmcvnx-RbZv fvB fvB

BZ¨vw` bvbv ai‡Yi †køvMvb w`‡Z †kvbv †Mj wmcvnx-RbZvi wgwQj †_‡K| GB

wmcvnx-RbZvi mvg‡b †Kv‡bv my¯úó jÿ¨ ev cwi®‹vi †Kv‡bv aviYv †h wQj bv

Zv †evSv hvw”Qj| Ges GB wmcvnx-RbZvi we‡ ªv‡n †Kv‡bv GKK †bZ…Z¡ ev

wbqš¿Y †h wQj bv ZvI †evSv hvw”Qj| Z‡e GB wmcvnx-RbZvi we‡ ªvn †h

AvIqvgx evKkvjx Ges †kL gywRe–Gi Abymvix‡ì weiæ‡× Zv wbwðZ wQj|

H wgwQjKvix wmcvnx-RbZv AvIqvgx evKkvjx ev †kL gywRe–Gi

Abymvix‡ì †`LvgvÎ †h †g‡i †djZ Zv‡Z †Kv‡bvB m‡›`n wQj bv|

fvi‡Z cjvqb

7B b‡f¤‡ii wmcvnx-RbZvi wecøe wQj †kL gywRei ingvb, AvIqvgx

evKkvjx I fvi‡Zi weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn| mvaviY wmcvnx-RbZv GB wecø‡e

¯vaxbZvi †NvlK wRqvDi ingvb‡KB †bZv g‡b K‡i‡Q| 1975 mv‡ji 15B

AvM‡÷ †kL gywR‡ei nZ¨vKv‡Ði ci AvIqvgx evKkvjxiv ev †kL gywR‡ei

Abymvixiv †K †h †Kv_vq jvcvËv n‡q †Mj Zvi †Kv‡bv nw`m cvIqv †Mj bv|

Aek¨ †kL gywR‡ei mn cvwU© ev AvIqvgx evKkvjx †bZv‡ì GKUv weivU Ask

gywRe nZ¨vKvix‡ì mv‡_ nvZ †gjv‡jv Ges nZ¨vKvix‡ì †bZv L›`Kvi †gv ÍvK

Avn‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ miKvi MVb Kij| Avi Avgiv ¸wU K‡qK QvÎ‡bZv-Kg©x

ivR‰bwZK ZrciZv Pvjvevi ev gywRe nZ¨vi cÖwZev` Kivi †Póv KiwQjvg,

Zviv 1975–Gi 7B b‡f¤i weÿzä wmcvnx-RbZvi we‡ ªvn †`‡L f‡q cvwj‡q

†`k Z¨vM Kijvg|

QvÎ‡bZv iweDj Avj †PŠayix eZ©gv‡b miKvwi Avgjv Ges cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi wcGm gy³vwì †PŠayix–Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ Avgiv `kRb QvÎ‡bZv-Kg©x

Kzwgjøvi jvKmvg-Kmev w`‡q cvwj‡q fvi‡Zi wÎcyiv iv‡Rï ivRavbx

AvMiZjvq wM‡q DVjvg| 1971–Gi gyw³hy‡×i mgq AvMiZjv wQj 2bs

†m±i| Avgiv hviv 2bs †m±‡ii gyw³‡hv×v wQjvg Zv‡ì Kv‡Q AvMiZjv wQj

c~e© cwiwPZ kni| GB AvMiZjv kn‡ii Ggwewe (gnvivRv exi exµg)

K‡j‡Ri wfwc mÂq cv‡ji evwo‡Z Avgiv mevB DVjvg| mÂq cv‡ji KvQ

†_‡K ïbjvg †kL gywRe‡ii Avg‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Z…Zxq/PZz_© mvwi †bZv,

cieZ©xKv‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †K› ªxq †bZv Ges †kL nvwmbv Avg‡j wKQzB bv

Gm, Gg BDmyd AvMiZjv †_‡K KjKvZvq P‡j †M‡Qb Ges hvIqvi mgq e‡j

†M‡Qb wZwb wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B Avevi AvMiZjvq Avm‡eb| Ab¨w`‡K mv‡eK

WvKmyi wfwc eZ©gv‡b KwgDwbó cvwU©i (wmwcwe) mvaviY m¤úv`K gyRvwn`yj

Bmjvg †mwjg, mv‡eK gywRe evwnbx †bZv AvIqvgx hye jx‡Mi mv‡eK †Pqvig¨vb

eZ©gv‡b MY †dviv‡gi †K› ªxq †bZv †gv Ívdv †gvnmxb g›Uz, mv‡eK QvÎ‡bZv

cieZ©xKv‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †K› ªxq †bZv, RvZxq kÖwgK jx‡Mi mfvcwZ,

eZ©gv‡b RvZxq cvwU©i cÖv³b Ggwc kvn †gvt Avey Rvdi, mv‡eK QvÎ‡bZv

BmgZ Kvwì Mvgv, †kL gywR‡ei gš¿x †gvjøv Rvjv‡ji †Q‡j mv‡eK QvÎ‡bZv

iæwg, Kwe bRiæj miKvwi K‡j‡Ri Zz‡Lvo QvÎ‡bZv mr I cÖwZev`x e¨w³Z¡

weGbwc miKvi KZ…©K g‡bvbxZ 79bs IqvW© †Pqvig¨vb eZ©gv‡b RvZxqZvev`x

`j 79bs IqvW© mfvcwZ Rb‡bZv †gvt dwi` DwÏb, cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

Z_¨ cÖwZgš¿x Avey mvC`, ivR‰bwZK Dc‡`óv Wvt Gm, G gv‡jKmn kÕwZ‡bK

†bZv-Kg©x cwðg evsjvi ivRavbx KjKvZvq cvwj‡q hvq| ejv hvq bv ey‡S ï‡b

Avgiv †`k Z¨vM K‡i fvi‡Z cvwj‡q hvB| hv wQj bvevjKmyjf ivR‰bwZK

AbwfÁZv| Avgvi aviYv †`kZ¨vM K‡i fvi‡Z hvIqv Avgv‡ì msL¨v nvRvi

wZ‡b‡Ki †ewk n‡e bv| Z‡e †`k †_‡K cvwj‡q fvi‡Zi wewfbœ RvqMvq AvkÖq

†bqv nvRvi wZ‡bK †bZv-Kg©xi D‡Ïk¨ wQj GKUvB| Avi †m D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q

fviZ miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q 1971–Gi gyw³hy‡×i g‡Zv

ivR‰bwZK I mvgwiK ZrciZv Pvjv‡bv| wKš‘ fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x Bw›ìv MvwÜ

miKvi Avgv‡ì mvnvh¨ Kiv ~‡i _vK| cvËvB †`qwb|

(1) †MvcvjMÄ e½eÜz K‡jR QvÎ msm` Gi wRGm cieZ©xKv‡j

gyw³‡hv×v msnwZ cwil‡ì †K› ªxq †bZv †Mvjvg †gv¯Ídv Lvb wgivR, (2)

QvÎjxM I gyw³‡hv×v msnwZ cwil‡ì †K› ªxq ZvwË¡K †bZv eZ©gv‡b AMÖYx

e¨vsK–Gi Kg©KZ©v I †bZv †gveviK †nv‡mb †mwjg, (3) Uv½vB‡ji QvÎ‡bZv

eZ©gv‡b eëmvqx evei Avjx, (4) Uv½vBj †Rjv QvÎ‡bZv eZ©gv‡b G¨vW‡fv‡KU

wjqvKZ †nv‡mb Rvnv½xi, (5) hye‡bZv bwRei ingvb wbnvi, (6) QvÎ‡bZv

eZ©gv‡b eëmvqx bI‡ki Avjx bmy, (7) hyeKg©x eZ©gv‡b fvi‡Zi bvMwiK

41 42

†R¨vwZg©q wek¦vm, (8) mv‡eK QvÎ‡bZv eZ©gv‡b RvZxq cvwU©i †K› ªxq †bZv

†MvcvjM‡Äi Avãyi iId wkK`vi, (9) mv‡eK hye‡bZv `xN©w`b cÖev‡m †_‡K

we‡`kxwb‡K we‡q K‡i, Ni-msmvi K‡i, yB mšÍvb Rb¥ w`‡q Ae‡k‡l we‡`kx

KvjPv‡ii mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z bv †c‡i we‡`kx eay Ges mšÍvb‡ì KvQ †_‡K

we`vq wb‡q †`‡k wd‡i eZ©gv‡b eëmviZ MÖxb †ivW KvVvjevMv‡bi Gm, G

KvBqyg Lmiæ Ges (10) Avwg ¯qs eZ©gv‡b MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k–Gi

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv KZ…©K m¯¿xK AevwÃZ †NvwlZ|

Avgiv GB `kRb Ges Avgv‡ì †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix iweDj Avjg †PŠayix

Ii‡d †gv³vwì †PŠayixmn †gvU GMviRb AvMiZjv Ggwewe K‡j‡Ri wfwc

mÄq cv‡ji evwoi mv‡_ gqjv wb®‹vk‡bi †Wª‡bi Dci cy‡iv‡bv wUb w`‡q GKwU

Pvjv evwb‡q Zvi wb‡P GKwU eo †PŠwK †d‡j _vK‡Z jvMjvg| Aek¨ iweDj

Avjg †PŠayix Ii‡d †gv³vwì †PŠayix mÂq cv‡ji m‡½ I‡ì N‡i Nygv‡Zv|

Avi `kRb †Wª‡bi Dci fv½v wU‡bi Pvjvi wb‡P ivLv H GK †PŠwK‡ZB

NygvZvg| GKR‡bi cv‡k GKRb K‡i bqRb cvkvcvwk Nygv‡Zv| Avi Avwg

NygvZvg mK‡ji cv‡qi av‡i| KviY cvkvcvwk `kR‡bi RvqMv H †PŠwK‡Z

n‡Zv bv| ZvB Avwg mK‡ji cv‡qi av‡i †h RvqMv †mB RvqMvq NygvZvg|

Nyg‡Zv bv, †Kv‡bv iK‡g ï‡q _vKv| G‡K †Zv cÖPÐ gkv, Zvi Dci Avevi

PZzw ©K †Lvjv, Zvici Avevi †Wª‡bi Dci, ZvI Avevi gkvwi Qvov| gkvwi

†bB| GLv‡b w`‡bi †ejv‡ZB gkv aiZ| GB Ae ’vq Nygv‡bvi †Zv †Kv‡bv cÖkœB

I‡V bv| Aek¨ Avgv‡ì Nygv‡bvi Rb¨ yB-wZbUv K¤j †`qv n‡qwQj| mevB

K¤^j wewQ‡q Avi GKwU K¤j w`‡q Mv †_‡K gv_v ch©šÍ gy‡o ï‡q _vKZ| Avi

Avwg K¤^j bv †c‡q jyw½ w`‡q kixi †X‡K kv‡U©i wfZi gyL-gv_v XzwK‡q

ivLZvg| Avwg Avi †gveviK †nv‡mb †mwjg AwaKvsk ivZ Mí K‡i Avi gkv

†g‡i KvwU‡q w`Zvg| gkv †g‡i yB eÜz wg‡j Avevi ¸bZvg KZ nvRvi KZ kÕ

gkv gvijvg| GBfv‡e ivZ cvi K‡i w`‡q mKv‡j cv‡qi av‡i ï‡q ciZvg|

hZLvwb †ejv m¤¢e Nywg‡q Nywg‡q cvi K‡i w`Zvg| KviY Avgv‡ì Kcv‡j

mKv‡ji bv Ív LvIqv wQj bv| ZvB †ivRv ivLvi g‡Zv ï‡q ï‡qB †ejv cvi K‡i

w`‡Z PvBZvg| wÎcyiv iv‡Rï Ks‡MÖm †m‡µUvwi ivay ¸ß ycy‡ii LvIqvi Rb¨

fviZxq GK UvKv `k cqmv Ges iv‡Z LvIqvi Rb¨ GK UvKv, ZvI Avevi

iæwUb gvwdK wbqwgZ w`‡Zb bv| mßv‡n yÕGKw`b ev ZviI †ewk w`b †Zv ev`

†h‡ZvB|

A_©vr KL‡bv mßv‡n jvMvZvifv‡e, Avevi KL‡bvI mßv‡ni g‡a¨ yÕwZb

w`b Ks‡MÖm †m‡µUvwi ivay ¸ß UvKv w`‡Zb bv| Avgv‡ì‡K UvKv †`qvi Rb¨

ivay ¸‡ßi AvšÍwiKZvi Afve wQj bv| wZwb UvKv †hvMvo Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv,

ZvB Avgv‡ì w`‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| Avi hLb UvKv w`‡Z cvi‡Zb bv, ZLb

Avgv‡ì bv †L‡q _vKv Qvov Avi weKí wKQz wQj bv| ivay ¸ß iweDj Avjg

†PŠayix Ii‡d †gv³vwì †PŠayixi Kv‡Q UvKv w`‡Zb| iweDj w`‡Zb ksKi

†evwW©s–G Ges kKvi †evwW©s–G ejv wQj ycy‡i GKUvKv `k cqmv, iv‡Z GK

UvKvi †ewk KvD‡K †L‡Z †`qv n‡e bv| ycy‡i GK UvKvi fvZ `k cqmvi

fvwR| KuvPv gwiP, wcuqvR I Wvj wd«| iv‡Z beŸB cqmvi fvZ, `k cqmvi

fvwR| GB wQj Avgv‡ì eivÏ| Avgiv ycy‡i GK UvKvi fvZ †L‡q †nv‡U‡j

K¨vk †_‡K `k cqmv †diZ wb‡q H `k cqmv w`‡q wewo wK‡b †LZvg| Kvco-

†Pvc‡o Avgiv GgbB wdUdvU †h, †KD wPšÍvI Ki‡Z cvi‡Zv bv †h Avgv‡ì

†c‡U fvZ †bB, c‡K‡U cqmv †bB|

Avmbœ kx‡Zi K_v wPšÍv K‡i Avwg Avgvi Wej †eBR myÜUv evmv †_‡K

m‡½ wb‡q wM‡qwQjvg| Avwg hLb Wej †eBR myÜUv c‡o AvMiZjvi iv¯Ívq

†ei nZvg ZLb mvov AvMiZjvi bibvix Avgvi w`‡K gv‡b Avgvi Wej †eBR

my¨‡Ui w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vKZ| mviv AvMiZjv kn‡i Avgvi Qvov wØZxq †Kv‡bv

Wej †eBR myÜ wQj bv| †g‡qiv ZvwK‡q _vKZ AvKl©Yxqfv‡e Ges †Q‡jiv

ZvKvZ Bl©vwš^Zfv‡e| KZRb wR‡Ám K‡i‡Q GUv †Kv_v †_‡K evwb‡qwQ? ej‡Z

n‡q‡Q KjKvZv †_‡K evwb‡qwQ| KviY Avgiv †h evsjv‡`k †_‡K G‡mwQ GUv

wÎcyiv ivR¨ Ks‡MÖm †m‡µUvwii wb‡ ©‡k †Mvcb Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| ïay ZvB bq,

Avgiv †h gymjgvb GUvI †Mvcb Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì cwiPq †Mvcb K‡i

wg‡_¨ cwiP‡q _vK‡Z n‡q‡Q| ej‡Z n‡Zv Avgiv KjKvZv †_‡K †eov‡Z

G‡mwQ Ges Avgiv mK‡jB wn› y| Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB GKUv K‡i wn› y bvg

wQj| Gm, Gg BDmy‡di bvg wQj miR `v, iweDj Avjg †PŠayix Ii‡d

†gv³vwì †PŠayixi bvg wQj iweivq †PŠayix Ii‡d iwe `v, Avgvi bvg wQj AbšÍ

`vm ¸ß Ii‡d AbšÍ `v|

Avgiv fviZxq wn› y bvMwi‡Ki wg‡_¨ cwiP‡q fvi‡Zi AvMiZjvq _vK‡Z

jvMjvg| Avgv‡ì ¯§vU©-wdUdvU †cvlv‡Ki c‡KU †_‡K cvZvi wewo †ei K‡i

aygcv‡bi Rb¨ Av¸b aivZvg ZLb gvbyl AevK n‡q †P‡q _vKZ, g‡b KiZ

GUv Avgv‡ì GK ai‡bi †mŠwLbZv ev d¨vkb| Avm‡j Avgv‡ì †h wewo

43 44

LvIqviI cqmv †bB| GUv AvMiZjvi gvbyl eySZ bv| †c‡Ui ÿzavi wK R¡vjv

Zv Avgiv nv‡o nv‡o ey‡SwQ| gv‡S gv‡SB Ks‡MÖm †m‡µUvwi ivay ¸ß UvKv

w`‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| GB UvKv w`‡Z bv cvivi NUbv cici yB wZb w`bI n‡q

†hZ| ÿzavi hš¿Yvq Avgiv KvZiv‡Z _vKZvg| Avwg ejZvg, Avgiv KvR K‡i

LvB, cÖ‡qvR‡b gyRy‡ii KvR K‡i Avgv‡ì Avnvi †RvUvB| wKš‘ bv, Avgv‡ì

KvR KivI gvbv| Avgv‡ì wcQ‡b fvi‡Zi †Mv‡q›`v †j‡M _vKZ, †h †Kv‡bv

gyn~‡Z© Avgv‡ì †MÖdZvi Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB Ks‡MÖm †m‡µUvwi ivay ¸‡ßi K_vi

evB‡i GKPzjI Pjv hv‡e bv| ÿzavi R¡vjvq QUdU Ki‡Z _vKZvg, ÿzavi R¡vjv

mB‡Z bv †c‡i ksKi †evwW©s G wM‡q †nv‡U‡j gvwjK `v`vevey‡K wgbwZi mv‡_

ejZvg, `v`vevey, GB †ejvUv Avgiv LvB| c‡ii †ejvq yB‡ejvi cqmv

GKev‡i wb‡q wb‡qb|

ksKi †evwW©s Gi gvwjK `v`veveyi GK Reve, Av‡M cqmv c‡i LvIqv,

†mvRv †ei nb|

†nv‡U‡ji ìRvi cv‡k uvwo‡q †envqv †ejv‡Ri g‡Zv †`LZvg †jv‡K

gv‡Qi gv_v, gyiwMi gvsm Lvwmi gvsm Av‡iv KZ wK w`‡q Lv‡”Q| `v`vevey agK

w`‡q ejZ, uvwo‡q i‡q‡Qb †Kb? hvb c_ Qvo–b|

GK mgq ax‡i ax‡i †nv‡U‡ji ìRv †_‡K m‡i AvmZvg| iv¯Ívi Kj †_‡K

†cU f‡i cvwb †L‡q D‡Ïk¨wenxb nuvU‡Z _vKZvg| GBfv‡e Pj‡Z _vKj

Avgv‡ì w`b| Avgiv gyw³hy‡×i wKse`šÍxi bvqK e½exi Avãyj Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi

†bZ…‡Z¡ M‡o IVv cÖwZ‡iva evwnbx‡Z †hvM †`qvi A‡cÿvq w`b ¸b‡Z jvMjvg|

†¯^”Qvq mKj ytL-Kó nvwmgy‡L eiY K‡i wbjvg| GKw`b ewÎk N›UviI

AwaK mgq Afz³ †_‡K ÿzavi R¡vjv mB‡Z bv †c‡i Uv½vB‡ji evei Avjx

Ii‡d `xc‡Ki mv‡_ dw›` Kijvg, AvR yÕRb †nv‡U‡ji gvwjK `v`vevey‡K wKQz

bv e‡j Ab¨ Kv÷gvi‡ì g‡Zv †mvRv †L‡Z _vKe, Zvici hv nevi n‡e| †cU

†_‡K †Zv Avi LvIqv †ei Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| dw›` g‡Zv yÕR‡b †mvRv ksKi

†evwW©s G LvIqvi †Uwe‡j e‡m cijvg| †nv‡U‡ji cÖ_g eq h_vixwZ Avgv‡ì

mvg‡b Kvmvi _vjv w`‡q †Mj| wØZxq eq Mig cvwb w`‡q Avgv‡ì nvZ Ges

_vjv ay‡q w`‡q †Mj| Z…Zxq eq evjwZ K‡i fvZ Avi evwU wb‡q Avgv‡ì mvg‡b

G‡m evjwZ †_‡K evwU †g‡c Avgv‡ì _vjvq †hB fvZ w`‡Z hv‡e Agwb

`v`veveyi nuvK, GB cqmv KB? Avwg ejjvg iwe `v (iweDj Avjg †PŠayix

Ii‡d †gv³vwì †PŠayix) wb‡q Avm‡Q| `v`vevey nvZ w`‡q Bkviv Kij, eq P‡j

†Mj| me Kv÷gvi Lv‡”Q| Avgiv yB eÜz Lvwj _vjv mvg‡b wb‡q e‡m AvwQ|

mevB Lv‡”Q| Avgiv †P‡q †P‡q †`LwQ, ZvI Avevi mvg‡b Lvwj _vjv wb‡q|

GBfv‡e KZÿY wQjvg Rvwb bv| Avgiv †Zv Rvwb iwe `v Avm‡e bv, ZviciI

iwe `v GL‡bv Avm‡Q bv †Kb? Pj‡Zv wM‡q †`wL – ej‡Z ej‡Z GK mgq

yR‡b †nv‡Uj †_‡K †ewo‡q Gjvg| ZLb ycyi‡ejv Avgiv †hLv‡b _vwK †mB

cvovi GK evwo‡Z †W‡Kv‡ikb n‡”Q| wR‡Ám Kijvg, `v`v GLv‡b Kx n‡e?

f ª‡jvK DËi w`‡jb, mÜ¨vq KxZ©Y n‡e|

ï‡b Avgiv †Zv gnvLywk| KxZ©Y n‡e| gv‡b KxZ©‡Yi cÖmv` wn‡m‡e wbðqB

wLPzwo LvIqv‡e| †eRvq Avb›` wb‡q yR‡b Ny‡i †eovw”Q| KLb mÜ¨v n‡e, KLb

KxZ©b n‡e, KLb Avgiv wLPzwo Lve| yÕR‡b hyw³ KiwQ, Avgiv Av‡M Lve

Zvici Ab¨ eÜz‡ì Lie †`‡ev| bB‡j Avevi †Kvb †fRvj †e‡a hvq| iwe `v

Avevi hw` KxZ©‡Y Avmv, wLPzwo LvIqv Avgv‡ì Rb¨ wbwl× K‡i| ZvB wVK

Kijvg Avgv‡ì LvIqvi Av‡M KvD‡K RvbveB bv|

mÜ¨vi Av‡MB Avgiv yB eÜz G‡m nvwRi njvg| ZL‡bv †KD Av‡mwb|

evwoi evB‡ii †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ AvgivB mevi Av‡M G‡mwQ| evwoi M„nKZ©v

Bkvivq mvg‡b weQv‡bv †nvMjvq em‡Z ej‡jb| Avgiv e‡m cojvg| Avgiv

†Kv‡bv K_v ejwQ bv| KxZ©Y ïiæ n‡jv| n‡i iv‡gv, n‡i iv‡gv, n‡i K…ò, n ...

†i n ... †i| KxZ©Y †k‡l M„nKZ©x gv Avgv‡ì we‡kl hZœ mnKv‡i cÖmv` gv‡b

wLPzwo LvIqv‡jb| Avgiv Lye †Ljvg| hZ w`‡jb ZZB †Ljvg| wb‡la Kijvg

bv| †h hZœ K‡i LvIqv‡jb g‡b g‡b fq †cjvg, hw` †Ui cvq Avgiv gymjgvb,

Zvn‡j Avi †`‡n cÖvY _vK‡e bv| †`nUvI _v‡K wKbv m‡›`n| mevB‡K LeiUv

w`jvg| cwi wK gwi K‡i † uŠ‡o †Mj mevB| ciw`b ycy‡i cyKzicv‡o †Mjvg Pvb

Ki‡Z, Pvb gv‡b †Mvmj| Avgiv †Zv mevB wn› y ZvB †Mvmj‡K Pvb ej‡Z

n‡”Q| cvwb‡K Rj ej‡Z n‡”Q| Gi †Kv‡bv fzj-åvwšÍ n‡j me©bvk, Dcvq

_vK‡e bv| kvb euvav‡bv cyKzi, cyKzicv‡o e‡m Av‡Qb †mB M„nKZ©v| Avgv‡ì

†`‡L wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, MZKvj cÖmv` †L‡qwQ‡j?

Avgiv ejjvg, R¡x †L‡qwQ|

e¨m! e„× M„nKZ©vi †Pnviv cwieZ©b n‡q †Mj| evi K‡qK Avgv‡ì w`‡K

m‡›`‡ni „wó‡Z ZvKv‡jb, Zvici ªæZ P‡j †M‡jb| Avwg fq †cjvg| g‡bg‡b

LyuR‡Z jvMjvg wK ÎæwU n‡jv| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv ÎæwUB Lyu‡R †cjvg bv| Avgiv

ZvovZvwo P‡j Gjvg| H iv¯ÍvqB Avi †Mjvg bv| KvD‡K wKQz ejjvgI bv|

Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ †h mwZ¨Kvi wn› y eÜz wQj †R¨vwZg© I‡K GKw`b NUbvUv ejvq

†R¨vwZg©q ejj, †eu‡P †MwQm, aiv c‡o wM‡qwQwj †Zviv wn› y bv|

Kxfv‡e?

45 46

H †h wR¡ †L‡qwQ e‡jwQm|

Zvn‡j Kx ej‡Z n‡e?

ej‡Z n‡e Av‡Á †L‡qwQ| wR¡ ejv hv‡e bv| wR¡Õi ’‡j Av‡Á ej‡Z n‡e|

wR¡ gymjgvbiv e‡j|

evNv wmwÏKxi Kv‡Q hvIqv

15B †deªæqvwi, 1976| iv‡Z wÎcyiv iv‡Rï Ks‡MÖm †m‡µUvwi ivay ¸ß

G‡m ej‡jb, AvMvgxKvj mKv‡j Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi Kv‡Q hvIqvi Rb¨ †Zvgiv

ˆZwi nI|

ï‡b Avgiv †Zv gnv Avbw›`Z| hvK, AvjøvncvK GB Kg©nxb ÿzavZ© Rxeb

†_‡K euvPv‡jv| ivay ¸ß evey Avgv‡ì nv‡Z AvMiZjv Uz ag©bMi ev‡mi `kwU

wUwKU Ges wÎkwU G¨v‡Wvwgb (ewg eÜ nIqvi) U¨ve‡jU w`‡jb| Avgiv nZevK

n‡q e‡j DVjvg, wÎkUv G¨v‡Wvwgb!

ivay evey ej‡jb, †`vKv‡b Avi wQj bv ZvB †ewk w`‡Z cvwi bvB, †Zvgiv

mKv‡j hvIqvi mgq Av‡iv wKQz G¨v‡Wvwgb wb‡q wbI| K_v ï‡b Avgiv mevB

†n‡m w`‡q ejjvg, G‡Zv G¨v‡Wvwgb U¨ve‡jU w`‡q Kx n‡e? ivay ¸ß †n‡m †n‡m

ej‡jb, Kv‡Q †iL Kv‡R jvM‡e|

Zvici Avgv‡ì yB nvRvi UvKv w`‡q ej‡jb, Lye †P‡c‡P‡c LiP Ki‡e,

g‡b ivL‡e dzwi‡q †M‡j Avi cv‡e bv| me‡k‡l Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi Kv‡Q hvIqvi

iv¯Ív m¤ú‡K© ej‡jb, cÖ_‡g ag©bMi †ijI‡q Rskb| †mLvb †_‡K †Uª‡b K‡i

Avmvg iv‡Rï ivRavbx †MvnvwU n‡q ayeix, Zvici ev‡m Ges †nu‡U g‡n› ªMÄ

weGmGd (eW©vi wmwKDwiwU †dvm©) K¨v‡¤ú †h‡Z n‡e| Ges †mLvb †_‡K

weGmGd Avgv‡ì‡K Kv‡ì wmwÏKx exi DËg–Gi Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`‡e|

ciw`b mKvj 07:30 Uvq AvMiZjv Uz ag©bMi ev‡m D‡V emjvg| wVK

KuvUvq KuvUvq 07:30 wgwb‡U evm ag©bM‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ †Q‡o w`‡jv| ev‡mi

mycvifvBRvi ejj, Avcbviv mK‡jB ewgi U¨ve‡jU G¨v‡Wvwgb †L‡q wbb|

Kv‡iv ìKvi n‡j Avgv‡ì KvQ †_‡K U¨ve‡jU wb‡Z cv‡ib|

evm Pj‡Z ïiæ Kij| wgwbU we‡k‡Ki g‡a¨B Avgv‡ì evm DuPz cvnv‡o

DV‡j jvMj| Kx A™¢z` cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©! Pviw`‡K ïay Mvp g‡bvig mey‡Ri

mgv‡ivn| Dc‡i cwi®‹vi bxj AvKvk| c„w_ex †hb bxj Avi meyR GB yÕiO–G

wef³| Dc‡i bxj AvKvk, ZviB wb‡P Mvp meyR c„w_ex| g‡bvig Mvp mey‡Ri

wfZi w`‡q Avgv‡ì evmwU PiwKi g‡Zv Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z cvnv‡oi Dci D‡V

hv‡”Q| Avevi Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z wb‡P †b‡g hv‡”Q| B‡Zvg‡a¨B ev‡mi gwnjv hvÎx‡ì

ewg ïiæ n‡q †M‡Q| †mB mv‡_ wKQz cyiæl hvÎxI ewg Kiv ïiæ Ki‡Q| ev‡mi

Zxe© N~Y©‡bi d‡j AvavN›Uvi g‡a¨B gwnjv hvÎx mK‡j ewg K‡i d¬vU| gwnjv‡ì

Mv‡qi Kvco-†Pvco †emvgvj| cyiæl m½xiv cÖvYcY †Póv K‡iI gwnjv‡ì

Kvco Mv‡q ivL‡Z cvi‡Q bv| GiB g‡a¨ cyiæl hvÎx‡ì A‡a©K ewg‡Z kvwgj

n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ Avgv‡ì K‡qKRbI Av‡Q| G¨v‡Wvwgb U¨ve‡jU Lv‡”Q Avi

ewg Ki‡Q| GZÿY cyiæ‡liv kvwocov gwnjv‡ì Kvco mvgjv‡bvi e„_v †Póv

K‡i‡Q| Avi GLb †K Kv‡K mvgjvq| PvPv Avcb cÖvY euvPv| N›UvLv‡b‡Ki

g‡a¨ Avwg Avi Uv½vB‡ji evei Avjx Qvov ev‡mi gwnjv cyiæl wbwe©‡k‡l mKj

hvÎxB ewg K‡i d¬vU| Kvco-†Pvco †emvgvj gwnjv‡ì w`‡K ZvwK‡q †`Lv †Zv

~‡i _vK, m¤ú~Y© Dj½ n‡q _vKv gwnjvi w`‡KI ZvKvevi †KD †bB| Kv‡iv

mvg_©¨ †bB| Avgvi Ae ’vI Kvwnj| PZzw ©‡Ki Mv‡Qi Mvp meyR iO Avi bxj

iO †h KZ cxov`vqK Zv AvMoZjv Uy ag©bMi GB iv¯Ívq †h hvqwb †m KLbB

eyS‡e bv| N›Uv yB ci cvnv‡oi GKUv PIov cÖk¯Í gv‡Vi g‡Zv RvqMvq evmwU

†_‡g †Mj| evei Avjx Avi Avwg evm †_‡K †b‡g Gjvg| GLv‡bI †mB

cxov`vqK Mvp meyR Avi bxj Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv iO †bB| †bB Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

wKQz| ev‡m mycvifvBRvi Rvbv‡jb, GLv‡b AvavN›Uv †i÷|

evm _vg‡Z Avi GK yB wgwbU †`wi n‡jB AvwgI ewg K‡i w`Zvg|

mycvifvBRvi ejj, ZvovZvwo G¨v‡Wvwgb U¨ve‡jU †L‡q wbb| ewg ïiæ n‡q

†M‡j Avi †L‡q jvf n‡e bv| Avgiv PU K‡i GK m‡½ y‡Uv K‡i G¨v‡Wvwgb

†L‡q wbjvg| mycvifvBRvb‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg, Avcbv‡ì ewg nq bv?

DË‡i ejj, cÖ_g cÖ_g n‡Zv GLb nq bv| cÖwZw`b hvIqv Avmv Kwi †Zv

m‡q †M‡Q, ZvQvov Avgiv ivZ †_‡KB U¨ve‡jU †L‡Z _vwK| iv‡Z y‡Uv LvB|

mKv‡j Lvwj †c‡U y‡Uv, bv¯Ívi ci y‡Uv LvB, Zvici ev‡m DwV|

Avwg Avi evei Avjx Nv‡mi Dci UvbUvb n‡q ï‡q cwo| ev‡mi Ab¨vb¨

hvÎxivI ï‡q c‡o| Avav N›Uv c‡o ev‡mi PvjK hvÎx‡ì ev‡m DVvi Rb¨ nY©

evRv‡Z _v‡K| Avgiv mevB ev‡m D‡V cwo| evm Pj‡Z _v‡K| N›Uv wZ‡bK ci

ag©bMi G‡m evm _vgj| Avgiv evm †_‡K †b‡g ag©bMi †ijI‡q †÷k‡b wM‡q

†MvnvwU n‡q ayeix hvIqvi wUwKU KvUjvg| ag©bMi †ijI‡q Rskb XvKvi

Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷k‡bi PvB‡ZI †ek eo| wÎcyiv iv‡Rï mv‡_ KjKvZvmn

mg Í fvi‡Zi GUvB n‡”Q ¯’jc‡_ GKgvÎ †hvMv‡hvM eë¯’v| †÷k‡b jywP wewµ

nwPQj| Avgvi LyeB jywP (cyix) †L‡Z B‡”Q KiwQj| gwRei ingvb wbnvi

47 48

(eZ©gv‡b ci‡jvKevmx| iscy‡ii KzwoMÖvg–G evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi mv‡_

Avgv‡ì AvVviR‡bi GK m¤§yL hy‡× Avgv‡ì †PŠÏRb wbnZ nq| GB

wbnZ‡ì g‡a¨ bwRei ingvb wbnvi GKRb) Gi Kv‡Q iweDj Avjg †PŠayix

(eZ©gv‡b miKvwi Avgjv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi wcGm †gv³vwì †PŠayix)

Avgv‡ì mK‡ji UvKv GKm‡½ w`‡qwQj| Avwg bwRei ingvb wbnv‡ii Kv‡Q

jywP (cyix) LvIqvi Rb¨ UvKv PvB| wKš‘ wbnvi Avgv‡K UvKv bó Kiv hv‡e bv

e‡j wegyL K‡i| Avwg A‡bK ewj, A‡bK evi †evSvevi †Póv Kwi †h, Avgvi

jywP (cyix) †L‡Z LyeB gb †P‡q‡Q| Avwg GI ewj iv‡Zi Lvev‡ii cwie‡Z© Avwg

jywP Lve, Avgv‡K yB UvKv †`qv †nvK| wKš‘ wKQz‡ZB bwRei ingvb wbnvi

Avgv‡K jywP LvIqvi Rb¨ yB UvKv †`qwb| Avgvi AvRI GB wek-evBk eQi

ciI g‡b nq wbnvi Avgv‡K jywP LvIqvi Rb¨ UvKv bv w`‡q evovevwo K‡i‡Q|

Ab¨vq K‡i‡Q| †evanq GiB bvg w`b hvq K_v _v‡K| Avgiv mK‡j †Uª‡b

DVjvg| †Uªb †Q‡o w`‡jv| †Uªb GKmgq Avmv‡gi ivRavbx †MŠnvwU †÷k‡b

_vgj| Avgiv †Uª‡b e‡mB gbgy»Ki g‡bvig cvnvwoqv kni †MŠnvwU‡K

†`Ljvg| †mŠ›`‡h©i Ac~e© jxjvq ficyi cvnvwoqv †MŠnvwU kni| †`‡L g‡b nq

†_‡K hvB| †MŠnvwU †÷kb †_‡K †Uªb cvwë‡q Avgiv ayeixi †Uªb–G DVjvg|

fvi‡Zi wÎcyiv ivR¨ cvwo w`‡q, Avmvg iv‡Rï cy‡iv †ijc_ AwZµg K‡i

Avgiv ayeix G‡m †Uªb †_‡K †b‡g ev‡m K‡i Lye m¤¢eZ evsjv‡`‡ki eªþcyÎ

b`xi fviZxq As‡ki cv‡o Gjvg| BwÄb PvwjZ †bŠKvq wekvj PIov GB b`x

cvi n‡q fvi‡Zi †gNvjq iv‡R¨ cÖ‡ek Kijvg| Zvici †gNvj‡qi cvnvwoqv

R½‡ji †fZi w`‡q nuvU‡Z _vKjvg| mÜ¨v Mwo‡q ivZ †b‡g G‡jv| †mB ycyi

†_‡K nuvU‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQ, GLb ivwÎ wØcÖni| K¬všÍ welYœ ÿzavZ© †`n Avi Pj‡Z

Pvq bv| wKš‘ bv P‡j Dcvq Kx? NyUNy‡U AÜKvi, gv‡S gv‡S R½‡ji Rxe-Rš‘i

R¡j R¡‡j †PvL Qvov Avi wKQzB †`Lv hvq bv| Gi g‡a¨B Avgiv `kRb ZiæY

GKB D‡Ï‡k¨ ARvbv c_ PjwQ| Av‡iv wKQz ~i G¸‡ZB AÜKv‡i Qvqvi g‡Zv

g‡b n‡jv HUv weGmGd K¨v¤ú n‡Z cv‡i| D”P¯‡i Pov Mjvq wR‡Ám

Kijvg– G fvBqv, B‡q weGmGd K¨v¤ú n¨vq?

ej‡Z ej‡Z Avi GKUz G¸‡ZB Ò†nvj&W n¨vÛmvdÓ e‡j weGmGd †mw›Uª

†Z‡o DVj| Avgiv mevB nvZ DuPz K‡i uvwo‡q iBjvg| wZb-PviRb weGmGd

Avgv‡ì w`‡K UP© †g‡i nv‡Z A ¿ wb‡q GwM‡q G‡jv| Kv‡Q G‡m wR‡Ám Kij,

Zzg †jvK †Kvb n¨vq?

Av‡iv cuvP-mvZ Rb weGmGd G‡m Avgv‡ì wN‡i †d‡j ejj, nvZ

bvgvB‡q|

Avgiv nvZ bvgvjvg| GKRb weGmGd ÔZzg †jvK Bnv †V‡iv nvg Aviv

nvqÕ e‡j K¨v‡¤úi wfZ‡i P‡j †Mj| Avgiv ejjvg, nvg †jvK Bavi e¨vV

†QKZv n¨vq?

weGmGd ejj, e¨v‡V e¨v‡V|

Avgiv gvwU‡Z e‡m cojvg| cÖ_‡g GKUz nv‡Zi Dci fi w`‡q

emjvg,Zvici gvwU‡Z ï‡q cojvg| †`‡ni K¬vwšÍ‡Z Nywg‡q cojvg| KZÿY

Nywg‡q wQjvg Rvwb bv| weGmGd–i Wv‡K Nyg fv½j| Zvici Kov cvnvivq

Avgv‡ì K¨v‡¤úi wfZi wb‡q †M‡j GKRb †gRi Avgv‡ì mv‡_ K_v ejj|

Zv‡K Avgiv we ÍvwiZ ejjvg Ges Avgv‡ì †L‡Z †`qv I wekÖvg wb‡Z †`qvi

my‡hvM †`qvi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Kijvg| wZwb `kRb weGmGd w`‡q ej‡jb,

Db‡jvKKv mv‡_ hvB‡q|

weGmGd–Gi mv‡_ Avgiv Avevi nuvU‡Z ïiæ Kijvg| ivwÎ †kl n‡jv

Avgv‡ì nuvUv †kl n‡jv bv| c~e©vKvk iw½b K‡i m~h© DVj| Avgiv Pj‡ZB

_vKjvg| cuvP-Qq gvBj ~‡i Av‡iKUv weGmGd K¨v‡¤ú G‡m Avgv‡ì‡K

eywS‡q w`‡j bZzb weGmGd `j Avgv‡ì‡K m‡½ wb‡q nuvU‡Z ïiæ Kij| Avgiv

Zv‡ì Kv‡QI LvIqvi Av‡e`b Kijvg| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv dj n‡jv bv| †ejv

ev‡ivUvi w`‡K Ab¨ GKUv K¨v‡¤ú Avgv‡ì G‡b yUv iæwU Avi ey‡Ui Wvj

LvIqv‡bv n‡jv| †c‡U cÖPÛ wL‡` gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ iæwU †kl n‡q †Mj| Avgv‡ì

LvIqvi Rb¨ Avav N›Uv mgq †`qv n‡qwQj| Avav N›Uv ci Avevi Avgv‡ì wb‡q

weGmGd nuvUv ïiæ Kij| GKUvi ci GKUv K¨v¤ú Avi `j e`‡ji gva¨‡g

Avgiv nuvU‡ZB jvMjvg| GBfv‡e yB w`b yB ivZ GK bvMv‡i weivgnxb †nu‡U

Avgiv g‡n› ªMÄ weGmGd K¨v‡¤ú †cuŠQvjvg| GLv‡b weGmGd–Gi GKRb

weª‡MwWqvi Avgv‡ì c„_K c„_Kfv‡e mvivivZ wRÁvmvev` K‡i| 20†k

†deªæqvwi we‡K‡j Avgv‡ì g‡b n‡jv AvR ivZ ev‡ivUvi ciB †Zv GKz‡k

†deªæqvwi, gnvb knx` wèm| wm×všÍ wbjvg knx` wèm D &hvcb Kivi| QqwU

wUb (ˆZj ev gywoi wUb) Avi Mv‡qi Pvì w`‡q g‡n› ªMÄ weGmGd K¨v‡¤úi

gv‡V Avgiv ˆZwi Kijvg A ’vqx K…wÎg knx` wgbvi| ivZ ev‡ivUv GK wgwb‡U

(1) †Mvjvg †gv Ídv Lvb wgivR, (2 †gveviK †nv‡mb †mwjg, (3) Avãyi iDd

wkK`vi, (4) Gm, G KvBq~g Lmiæ, (5) bwRei ingvb wbnvi, (6) bI‡ki

Avjx bmy, (7) evei Avjx, (8) wjqvKZ †nv‡mb Rvnv½xi, (9) †R¨vwZ©gq wek¦vm

49 50

Ges (10) Avwg gwZDi ingvb †i›Uy, Avgiv GB `kRb jvBb a‡i Avãyj

Mvd&dvi †PŠayix iwPZ, knx` AvjZvd gvngy` myiv‡ivwcZ weL¨vZ HwZnvwmK

Agi Mvb ÒAvgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ iv½v‡bv GKz‡k †deªæqvwi, Avwg wK fzwj‡Z

cvwiÓ MvB‡Z MvB‡Z gvV cÖ`wÿY K‡i Avgv‡ì ˆZwi knx` wgbv‡i cy®ú-Ac©Y

Kwi| g‡n› ªMÄ weGmGd K¨v‡¤úi cÖvq mKj m`m¨ Mfxi †KŠZ~nj Avi AvMÖn

wb‡q uvwo‡q kÖ×vi mv‡_ G „k¨ Ae‡jvKb K‡i‡Q|

e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKx exi DËg–Gi cÿ †_‡K mvfv‡ii gvnveyeyi ingvb

gvnveye g‡n› ªMÄ weGmGd K¨v‡¤ú cÖ_g Avgv‡ì mv‡_ mvÿvr K‡ib| w`b

`‡kK ci Avgv‡ì‡K e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi †bZ…‡Z¡ M‡o IVv RvZxq

gyw³evwnbxi †nW †KvqvU©vi Pv› yf‚B‡Z †bqv nq| Pv› yf‚B bvgK ¯’v‡b yB

cvnv‡oi gvSLv‡b †hLv‡b w`‡b m~h© †`Lv hvq bv, AvKvkI †`Lv hvq bv, R½‡ji

wfZi Ggb GKwU ’v‡b LoKz‡Uv w`‡q †Kv‡bv iK‡g evbv‡bv N‡i Avgv‡ì

_vKvi eë¯’v n‡jv|

Avw`g hy‡M gvbyl hLb cvnv‡o-R½‡j evm KiZ, ZL‡bv nqZ gvbyl _vKvi

Rb¨ Gi PvB‡Z fv‡jv Ni K‡iwQj|

e½exi Avãyj Kv‡ì wmwÏKx exi DËg Gi Kv‡Q Gjvg| wKš‘ ytL †Mj

bv| ytL m‡½B i‡q †Mj| GLv‡bI ÿzavi hš¿Yv| cÖwZ PweŸk N›Uvq GKevi

LvIqv| †ejv ev‡ivUvi w`‡K bvwi‡K‡ji AvPvi GK Avov fvZ, m‡½ mvgvb¨

Wv‡ji cvwb| c‡ii w`b Avevi †ejv ev‡ivUvq H cwigvY fvZ| A_©vr PweŸk

N›Uv ci ci GKevi hrmvgvb¨ fvZ| Pv› yf‚B †cuŠQvi wZb w`b ci evNv Kv‡ì

wmwÏKxi m‡½ Avgv‡ì †`Lv n‡jv| evNv wmwÏKx Avgv‡ì cÖ_g `k©‡bB

ej‡jb, K‡ói Av¸‡b R¡‡jR¡‡j A½vi n‡Z n‡e, Zvici †`k †mev Ki‡Z n‡e|

hw` cv‡iv, Zvn‡j †Zvgiv Avgvi mv‡_ _v‡Kv, bv cvi‡j fvB P‡j hvI|

wZwb Av‡iv ej‡jb, nvwm gy‡L Kó Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j †`k †mev Kiv hv‡e

bv| †`k †mevi gv‡bB n‡”Q Kó Kiv| 1971–Gi gyw³hy‡×i PvB‡ZI Av‡iv

†ewk Kó Ki‡Z n‡e| Av‡iv †ewk Z¨vM ¯xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e| 1971–G Avgiv

mewKQzB mn‡R †c‡q wM‡qwQjvg, ZvB RvwZi Rxe‡b AvR GB wech©q †b‡g

G‡m‡Q| ZvB ewj fvB, hw` Kó Ki‡Z cv‡iv, hw` m‡e©v”P Z¨vM ¯xKvi Ki‡Z

cv‡iv, Zvn‡j _v‡Kv, bvB‡j P‡j hvI|

cÖwZ DË‡i Avgiv ejjvg, Avgiv R¡‡j cy‡o QvB n‡q hv‡ev| Zey Avcbvi

mv‡_ †`‡ki KvR Kie| mv_x‡ì cÖvqB Avwg ejZvg, c„w_ex‡Z Ggb †Kv‡bv

†jLb Av‡Qb, GB RvqMv GB cwi‡ek, GB NUbv wb‡q wj‡L gvbyl‡K eySv‡Z

cvi‡e?

cÖwZev` hy×

Avgiv AwaKvskB 1971–Gi gyw³‡hv×v| ZvB mvgwiK †Uªwbs–Gi we‡kl

cÖ‡qvRb n‡jv bv| gvmLv‡bK †Uªwbs–Gi gnov w`‡qB Avgiv mivmwi wW‡d‡Ý

P‡j †Mjvg| wW‡dÝ gv‡m mxgvšÍ GjvKvq Avgv‡ì K¨v¤ú| Avgiv `kRb

wew”Qbœ n‡q G‡KK K¨v‡¤ú G‡KKRb P‡j †Mjvg| Avwg †Mjvg gqgbwmsn

†Rjvi nvjyqvNvU mxgv‡šÍi K¨v‡¤ú|

wm×všÍ n‡jv – †Mwijv hy‡×i Rb¨ †`‡ki †fZ‡i wM‡q †kL gywRe Abymvix

hyeK‡ì mvgwiK cÖwkÿY w`‡q wewfbœ ¯’v‡b †Mwijv K¨v¤ú M‡o †Zvjv|

wR w_ª A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj, cvwK Ív‡bi ˆZwi GB ivB‡dj| 1971–Gi

gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvwK Ívwbiv Avgv‡ì weiæ‡× eënvi K‡iwQj| †`k ¯vaxb

nIqvi ci fviZ GB wR w_ª ivB‡djmn cvwK Ívwb Ab¨vb¨ A ¿k¯¿ wb‡q

wM‡qwQj| GgGgwR (wgwWqvg †gwkbMvb), †÷bMvb, wm· BÂ (Qq BwÄ)

gU©vimn Avgiv AvVv‡ivRb †hv× e„nËg wm‡j‡Ui mybvgMÄ †Rjvq cÖ‡ek Kwi|

Avgv‡ì Av‡iv K‡qKwU MÖæc wewfbœ mxgvšÍ w`‡q †`‡ki †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i|

mybvgM‡Äi AwaKvsk RvqMv n‡jv nvIo AÂj| GB AÂ‡ji cÖavb êwkó

n‡jv wn› y Ges gymjgvb c„_K c„_K MÖv‡g evm K‡i| †h MÖv‡g wn› y evm K‡i

Zvi cuvP mvZ gvBj ci Ab¨ GKwU MÖv‡g gymjgvb evm K‡i, Zvi cuvP mvZ

gvBj ci Avevi wn› y MÖvg| GLv‡b me cwieviB K…wlcY¨ wbf©i| G‡KK cwievi

cuvP-mvZk, GgbwK nvRvi evi‡kv gY avb cvq| Z‡e gymjgv‡bi †P‡q wn› yivB

†ewk abx| GLv‡b c‡bi wek gvB‡ji g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cvKv ev wcP–Gi iv Ív †bB|

nvIo Ges wb¤œ AÂj nIqvq cÖPzi dmj nq| bMi ev kni mf¨Zv Kx wRwbm

GLvbKvi gvbyl Rv‡b bv| GLv‡b †Kv‡bvw`b mv¤úª`vwqK `v½v N‡Uwb| wn› yiv

gnv Drm‡e gnv Avb‡›` ag©xq Abyôvb K‡i| bMi mf¨Zvi Av‡jv GLv‡b

†cuŠQvqwb, nqZ ZvB msL¨vjNyi ytL, msL¨v¸iæi AZ¨vPvi †Kv‡bv wKQziB

†jkgvÎ †bB|

w`‡bi †ejvq GKwU wn› y MÖv‡g PzcPvc e‡m _vKv LvIqv-`vIqv, mÜ¨v n‡jB

Ab¨ GKwU wn› y MÖv‡gi D‡Ï‡k¨ †nu‡U hvÎv Kiv| Gfv‡e GKwU wn› y MÖvg †_‡K

51 52

AvU-`k gvBj wKsev Zvi †P‡qI ~‡ii Avi GKwU wn› y MÖv‡g mvivivZ a‡i †nu‡U

hvIqv| mvivivZ nuvUvi c‡_ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv MÖvg c‡o bv Zv bq| wKš‘ †mB MÖv‡g

IVv hv‡e bv| KviY H MÖvg gymjgv‡bi| Avgv‡ì KgvÛvi iÿx evwnbxi †WcywU

wjWvi myKzgvi miKvi–Gi GK K_v – †Kv‡bv gymjgvb MÖv‡g IVv hv‡e bv|

KviY gymjgvbiv Avgv‡ì evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi Kv‡Q awi‡q †`‡e| ZvB

Avgiv †Kv‡bv gymjgvb MÖv‡g DwV bv| mÜ¨v n‡jB Avgiv nuvUv ïiæ Kwi|

mvivivZ †nu‡U GK wn› y MÖvg †_‡K Avi GK wn› y MÖv‡g wM‡q DwV| Gfv‡e w`‡b

LvIqv-`vIqv PzcPvc e‡m _vKv Ges mvivivZ nuvUv| w`b `‡kK c‡iB kixi

Kuvc‡Z jvMj| cÖ_‡g Avwg fvejvg GUv eywS Avgvi †Kv‡bv †ivM| c‡i †`wL

mK‡jiB kixi Kuvc‡Q Ges mK‡jB Avgv‡K Zv‡ì kix‡ii Ae ’v AewnZ

Ki‡Q|

wKš‘ kixi hZB KuvcyK iv‡Z †Zv nuvU‡Z †Zv n‡eB| nuvUv Qvov Avgv‡ì

weKí wKQyB †bB| GKw`b mÜ¨vi ci nuvU‡Z ïiæ Kijvg| wbwkivZ cvi nq,

wKš‘ wn› y MÖvg Avi Av‡m bv| mvg‡b AveQv GKUv MÖvg †`Lv hvq wKš‘ H MÖv‡g

IVv hv‡e bv| IUv gymjgv‡bi MÖvg| ivZ †k‡l †fvi nq nq fve| Avgv‡ì

mKj mv_x †eu‡K emj| Zv‡ì kixi Avi Pj‡Q bv, Avi nuvU‡Z ci‡Q bv|

mK‡ji GK `vwe| GB MÖv‡gB DV‡Z n‡e| GB MÖv‡gB AvkÖq wb‡Z n‡e| wKš‘

KgvÛvi myKzgvi miKv‡ii H GKB K_v – GUv gymjgvb MÖvg, GB MÖv‡g IVv ev

AvkÖq †bqv hv‡e bv| Gi c‡ii MÖvg wn› y| †mB MÖv‡g AvkÖq †bqvi Rb¨ DV‡Z

n‡e|

GB K_v ï‡b mevB e‡m coj| †KD †KD ï‡q coj| mvgwiK fvlvq

hv‡K e‡j Uªcm AvDU Ad AW©vi| myKzgvi miKvi Avi Avwg uvwo‡q| evwK

mevB †h hvi g‡Zv Kzqvkvq †fRv Nv‡mi Dci ï‡q-e‡m| myKzgvi evey Avgv‡K

ej‡jb, evPu‡Z PvB‡j Uªycm DVvI|

Avwg kZ †Póv K‡iI KvD‡KB DVv‡Z cvijvg bv| Ae‡k‡l KgvÛvi

myKzgvi AvÂwjK fvlvq ej‡jb, kvjvi fv‡qiv Avgvi Kx? †eKUzBb (mK‡jB)

gi‡e, Pj GB gymjgvb MÖv‡gB DwV| e‡j MÖv‡gi w`‡K nuvU‡Z jvM‡jb| ax‡i

ax‡i mevB D‡V nuvU‡Z jvMj| myKzgvi evey Gevi gymjgvb MÖv‡gi w`‡KB Pj‡Z

jvMj| wgwbU c‡bi g‡a¨B Avgiv AvkÖq †bqvi Rb¨ gymjgvb MÖv‡g D‡V

cojvg| g~j gvwU †_‡K c‡bi wek wdU DuPz, mvZ AvU kZ dzU j¤v, GKkZ dzU

PIov Ges cÂvk lvUwU N‡ii MÖv‡g †h †hw`K w`‡q cv‡i XzKj Ges †h N‡i

cv‡i ï‡q coj| mvivMÖv‡g WvKvZ WvKvZ e‡j †mvi c‡o †Mj| Ae ’v †eMwZK

†`‡L Avwg wPrKvi K‡i ej‡Z jvMjvg, fvB me, Avgiv WvKvZ bv| Avcbv‡ì

f‡qi †Kv‡bv KviY †bB, Avgiv WvKvZ bB| Avcbviv nBPB eÜ Kiæb, Avgiv

WvKvZ bB|

GK ch©v‡q eva¨ n‡q ejjvg, Avcbviv Pzc bv Ki‡j Avgiv Avcbv‡ì ¸wj

Ki‡Z eva¨ ne|

e‡jB wR w_ª A‡Uv ivB‡dj ZvK Kijvg| wKQz †jvK K_vq Ges f‡q Pzc

Kij| Avwg MÖv‡gi cyiæl‡ì ejjvg, Avcbviv gmwR‡` Av‡mb| dR‡ii

bvgv‡Ri ci Avcbv‡ì mv‡_ Avgv‡ì K_v Av‡Q| GLvbKvi MÖvg †`‡ki

Ab¨vb¨ MÖv‡gi g‡Zv bq| GB MÖvg g~j gvwU †_‡K wek-wÎk dzU DuPz cuvP- mvZ

kZ ev nvRvi dzU j¤ ^v cÂvk dzU PIov K‡i gvwU †d‡j Zvi Dci

cwiKwíZfv‡e yB mvwi‡Z Ni, GK †KvYvq gmwR`, cvVkvjv ˆZwi Kiv|

gmwR‡` dR‡ii Avhvb †k‡l bvgvR n‡jv|

Avgv‡ì †K †h †Kvb N‡i †Kv_vq Nywg‡q bvK WvK‡Q Zvi †Kv‡bv nw`m

†bB| GKgvÎ Avwg MÖv‡gi gvby‡li fx‡o Dc‡P cov gmwR‡ì eviv›`vq A ¿

nv‡Z uvwo‡q e³…Zv KiwQ| fvB me, Avgiv WvKvZ bB| Avgiv hw` WvKvZ

nZvg, Zvn‡j GZÿ‡Y Avcbv‡ì Rvbgvj abm¤ú` jyU KiZvg| wKš‘ KB,

Avgiv †Zv Avcbv‡ì wKPzB jyU KiwQ bv| KviY Avgiv WvKvZ bB| Avgiv

njvg RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi ˆmwbK| Avcbviv nqZ Rv‡bb

bv RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL gywRe‡K mcwiev‡i wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq| Avi

ZvB H nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` Avgiv hy× †NvlYv K‡iwQ| Avgiv WvKvZ bB| Avgiv

†kL gywR‡ei ˆmwbK| Avgiv evsjv‡`k miKvi I evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi

weiæ‡× hy× KiwQ Ges GB hy‡×i cÖ‡qvR‡bB Avgiv AvR Avcbv‡ì Kv‡Q

AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ G‡mwQ| Avgiv Avcbv‡ì mšÍvb| Avcbviv Avgv‡ì wcZv-gvZvi

g‡Zv| ïay AvR‡Ki w`‡bi Rb¨ GKUzLvwb AvkÖq Avgiv Avcbv‡ì Kv‡Q PvB|

Avgvi e³…Zv ï‡b MÖv‡gi GK gwnjv ejj, Dgv WvKvZ †`wL fv‡jv fv‡jv K_v

e‡j|

†ZvZv cvwLi g‡Zv Av‡iv KZ wKQzB bv †evSvjvg| MÖvgevwmI eySj| Avwg

gmwR‡ì eviv›`vq A ¿Uv ey‡Ki wfZi Rwo‡q Nywg‡q cojvg| MÖvgevmxi Wv‡K

Avgvi Nyg fv½j|

MÖvgevmx Avgv‡K Nyg †_‡K Zz‡j ejj, m¨vi, Av‡mb Avcbv‡ì Rb¨

LvIqvi eë¯’v n‡q‡Q| Avwg ejjvg, Avcwb hvb Avwg AvmwQ|

53 54

wZwb ej‡jb bv, Avgvi mv‡_B †h‡Z n‡e| Avcbv‡ì Rb¨ Avgiv Lvwm

RevB K‡iwQ|

Avwg Dbvi mv‡_ †h‡Z _vKjvg| GKUv N‡i Avgv‡K Avgvi Av‡iv wZbRb

mv_xmn LvIqv‡Z emv‡bv n‡jv| †L‡Z e‡m †`Ljvg mwZ¨ mwZ¨B Lvwmi gvsm

w`‡q †L‡Z w`‡q‡Q| g‡b g‡b wb‡RB wb‡Ri e³…Zvi cÖksmv Ki‡Z jvMjvg,

Avi Me©‡eva Ki‡Z jvMjvg| Avgvi e³…Zvi GgbB hv`y Ges Avwg gvbyl‡K

Ggbfv‡eB eySv‡Z cvwi †h, MÖv‡gi gvbyl Lvwm RevB w`‡q Avgv‡ì LvIqvq|

Avn&, wK Avgvi †hvM¨Zv!

Lvwmi gvsm w`‡q cy‡iv †cU fvZ LvIqv †k‡l G‡jv ya| †c‡U RvqMv bv

_vKvq ya fvZ †L‡Z AÿgZv Rvbvjvg| wKš‘ RvwZi wcZv e½eÜy †kL gywRei

ingvb–Gi f³ MÖv‡gi gvby‡liv bv‡Qvoev›`v| yafvZ †L‡ZB n‡e| Zv‡ì

Abyb‡qi Kv‡Q bwZ ¯xKvi K‡i yafvZ †L‡Z emjvg| †jvKgv yafvZ Zz‡j

†hB gy‡L w`‡Z †Mjvg| Agwb AvPgKv ¸wj ïiæ n‡jv| Suv‡K Suv‡K ¸wj euv‡k

†eov †f` K‡i N‡i XzK‡Z jvMj| evÕnv‡Z _vKv wR w_ª ivB‡dj wb‡q gvwU‡Z

jywU‡q cojvg| gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨B cvëv ¸wj Ki‡Z Ki‡Z N‡ii evB‡i †iwi‡q

G‡m †`Ljvg| evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi ˆmbïv Avgv‡ì wZb w`K †_‡K †NivI

K‡i nvgjv K‡i‡Q| GZÿ‡Y eySjvg RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

f³, AbyivMx mg_©K mnR-mij MÖv‡gi gvby‡li Lvwm RevB K‡i I yafvZ

LvIqv‡bvi cÖK…Z inm¨| wZbPvi kZ †jv‡Ki evm GB MÖv‡g| MÖv‡g †Kv‡bv

gwnjv †bB, wkïI †bB, GgbwK cyiælI †bB| i‡qwQ ïay Avgiv Avi Avgv‡ì

mvg‡b, Wvb w`‡K Ges evg w`‡K – GB wZb w`K †NivI Kiv Avwg©i ˆmbïv|

Avgv‡ì wcQ‡b nvIo| nvIo gv‡b Kzj-wKbvivwenxb GK wekvj Rjvkq|

Avgv‡ì Z¡wir cvëv Avµg‡Y cÖPÐ hy× ïiæ n‡q‡Q| dR‡ii bvgv‡Ri ci

MÖv‡gi gvbyl‡ì Avgv‡ì m¤ú‡K©, RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb

m¤ú‡K© we ÍvwiZ eySv‡bvi ci Avgiv hLb Mfxi wb ªvq gMœ, ZLb MÖv‡g gvby‡liv

evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi K‡b©j (cieZ©xKv‡j wWwRwWGdAvB, †gRi †Rbv‡ij

Ges ivóª ~Z Pxd Ad evM`v` †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmvb bb) gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi

m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Ges †Rbv‡ij (H mg‡qi K‡b©j) gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi

cwiKíbv Abyhvqx Avgv‡ì LvIqvi Rb¨ Lvwm RevB K‡i gvsm Ges yafvZ

LvIqvi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| Avgiv Ny‡g _vK‡ZB gywó‡gq K‡qKRb †jvK‡K

Avgv‡ì LvIqv-`vIqvi Rb¨ †i‡L MÖv‡gi evwK gwnjv, wkï Ges cyiæl

mKj‡KB Ab¨Î mwi‡q †bqv nq| wn‡meUv GB iKg wQj, Avgiv Lvwmi gvsm

Avi yafvZ †L‡Z e¨ Í _vKe, Avi gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi ˆmbïv wZb w`K †_‡K

SwUKv AvµgY K‡i Avgv‡ì RxweZ a‡i wb‡q hv‡e| Avgv‡ì m‡½ _vKv

AZ¨vaywbK mgiv ¿ m¤ú‡K© gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi mwVK aviYv wQj bv| wZwb

Avgv‡ì AvÛvi Bw÷‡gU K‡iwQ‡jb| A ¿m‡ ¿ ~e©j g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb| d‡j cÖvq

wZb kZvwaK ˆmb¨ wb‡q, wZb w`K †_‡K †NivI K‡i AvµgY K‡iI Avgv‡ì

Kvey Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| Avgiv Z¡wir cvëv Avµg‡Yi gva¨‡g gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi

AvµgY cÖwZnZ K‡i †`B| †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmvb †nwjKÞv‡ii mvnv‡h¨

A ¿ I ˆmb¨ mgv‡ek Ki‡Z _v‡K| Avgiv †nwjKÞvi jÿ¨ K‡i wm· BÂ gU©vi

†_‡K †Mvjv wb‡ÿc Ki‡j †nwjKÞvi cvwj‡q hvq| wKš‘ B‡Zvg‡a¨B †Rbv‡ij

gvnvgy yj nvmvb Zvi ˆmbëj I A ¿ej wec`RbK gvÎvq e„w× K‡i| cÖPÐ

MwZ‡Z hy× Pj‡Z _v‡K| evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi jÿ¨ Avgv‡ì RxweZ wKsev

g„Z Ae ’vq civ¯Í Kiv| Avi Avgv‡ì jÿ¨ cÖv‡Y euvPv| hy‡×i †KŠkjMZ

Kvi‡Y Avgv‡ì Ae ’vb wQj A‡bK myweavRbK| KviY Avgiv wQjvg MÖv‡g

A_©vr DuPz RvqMvq| Avi †mbvevwnbx wQj avb †ÿ‡Z A_©vr wbPz RvqMvq| hy‡×

Avgv‡ì wgwWqvg (GgGgwR) †gwkb Mvb PvjK DcRvZxq Mvo ZiæY Avï

gvivK I Zvi Aíeqmx ZiæY mnKvix PvjK w`beÜz gvivK wdwj‡gi bvq‡Ki

g‡Zv Af‚Zc~e© mvnwmKZvi mv‡_ GKkZ ivDÛ ¸wji GK †PBb wewkó

GgGgwR wgwWqvg †gwkbMvb) Pvjv‡Z _v‡K| GgGgwR–Gi mvg‡b ywU cv

Av‡Q| GB cv ywU gvwU‡Z †i‡L, ï‡q †_‡K Zvi ci GgGgwR Pvjv‡Z nq|

wKš‘ Avï gvivK GB ixwZ ev cÖwkÿ‡Yi †Zvqv°v bv K‡i GKkZ ivDÛ ¸wji

GK †PBb GgGgwR nv‡Z wb‡q uvwo‡q wm‡bgvi bvq‡Ki g‡Zv kÎæ‡K Nv‡qj

Ki‡Z jvMj| Avi Zvi mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q wK‡kvi ZiæY hyeK w`beÜz †PB‡b

ªæZ GKkZ ivDÛ ¸wj f‡i †PBb GgGgwR‡Z wdU K‡i w`‡Z jvMj| wm‡bgvq

†hgb bvqK G‡Ki ci GK kÎæ wbab K‡i hvq wKš‘ bvq‡Ki Mv‡q ¸wj jv‡M

bv, ev Íe hy‡×I Avï gvivK H iKg G‡Ki ci GK kÎæ wbab K‡i †h‡Z

jvMj| wKš‘ Avï gviv‡Ki Mv‡q kÎæi ¸wj jvMj bv| Avgiv cÖK…Z A‡_©

Pviw`K †_‡KB †NivI| Avgv‡ì cvjvevi †Kv‡bv c_ †bB| KviY wZb w`‡K

†mbvevwnbx Avi GK w`‡K Kzj-wKbvivwenxb nvI‡oi wekvj Rjivwk| cvjvevi

†Kv‡bv c_ †bB| †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi aviYv wQj Avgiv Avi KZÿY

hy× Kie? GK NÈv, yB N›Uv, cuvP N›Uv, `k N›Uv, PweŸk N›Uv, GKw`b,

yBw`b? Zvici wK? nq g„Zz¨, bv nq e›`x| Avm‡jI ZvB, Avgv‡ì †Zv

55 56

cvjvevi †Kv‡bv c_B †bB| cÖPÐ hy× †KD Kv‡iv bvwn Qv‡o mgv‡b mgvb| Avwg

wPwšÍZ njvg| µwjs K‡i GK RvqMv †_‡K Avi GK RvqMvq wM‡q wb‡R‡ì

me©‡kl Ae ’vbUv †`‡L wbjvg| hy× ïiæ n‡q‡Q ycyi †ejv, GLb cÖvq mÜ¨v nq

nq| g‡b g‡b †kjd& wWwmkbUv Kx †be fve‡Z jvMjvg| aiv coe, bv

AvZ¥nZ¨v Kie| wVK Ggb mgq Avgv‡ì KgvÛvi myKzgvi evey wVK GB fvlvq,

Ò†K AvQ †Rvqvb nI Av¸qvb nuvwK‡Q fwel¨ZÓ e‡jB Avgv‡K ej‡jb, H DËi

w`‡K wnRj MvQ¸‡jvi Avov‡j †h ˆmb¨¸‡jv Av‡Q, Zv‡ì hw` GK SwUKv

Avµg‡Y wbnZ ev mwi‡q w`‡Z cvi Zvn‡jB †Kej Avgiv euvP‡Z cvwi|

KviY H GKwUB gvÎ c_ Av‡Q cvjvevi| KgvÛv‡ii K_vUv ï‡b GZÿY

g‡b g‡b †h †kjd wWwmk‡bi K_v fvewQjvg Zvi myivnv n‡q †Mj| wm×všÍ

wb‡q †djjvg, nq †mbvevwnbx‡ì wbnZ ev Zvwo‡q †`‡ev A_ev wb‡RB gie|

wZbRb mv_x eÜz‡K Bkvivq Kv‡Q WvKjvg| Avwgmn PviR‡bi GKUv myBmvBW

†¯‹vqvW MVb Kijvg| hwÌ cwiw ’wZ I cwi‡e‡k Avgiv mK‡jB myBmvBW

†¯‹vqvW †g¤vi n‡q †MwQ, Zvici GKUv mvgvb¨ AvbyôvwbKZvi gva¨‡g G‡K

Ac‡ii mv‡_ Kig ©b K‡i ¸wj Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wnRj Mv‡Qi evMv‡bi w`‡K

SwUKv AvµgY Kijvg| wb‡R‡ì Mv‡q ¸wj jvM‡Z cv‡i †mB c‡ivqv Kijvg

bv| ïay AvµgY Avi mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q †Mjvg| hy‡×i aiY †Mj cv‡ë|

GZÿY Avgiv ïay kÎæi AvµgY cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z AvZ¥iÿv‡Z© cvëv AvµgY

K‡iwQ| kÎæi Suv‡K Suv‡K ¸wj Avgv‡ì w`‡K Avm‡Q| G‡Z Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bvB

åæ‡ÿc †bB| Avgiv †Zv givi Rb¨B G‡mwQ| wgwbU c‡b‡ivi g‡a¨B Avgiv

wnRj evMvb `Lj K‡i †djjvg| Avwg©i †nj‡gU, eyU Ges RvqMvq RvqMvq i³

†`‡L Abygvb Kijvg GLv‡b †mbvevwnbxi †ek m`m¨ nZvnZ n‡q‡Q| hvi d‡j

nZvnZ ˆmb¨‡ì wb‡q evwK ˆmbïv GB ’vb Z¨vM K‡i Ab¨Î Ae ’vb wb‡q‡Q|

wnRj evMvb Avgv‡ì c~Y© wbqš¿‡Y| Avgiv KgvÛv‡ii A‡cÿvq iBjvg| mÜ¨v

n‡q AÜKvi †b‡g G‡jv| Pvwiw`‡K NyUNy‡U AÜKvi| hy‡×i †ZR K‡g G‡jv|

GLb GgbB GKUv mgq hLb AvKv‡k Puv‡ì fMœvsk I‡V ivZ `kUv

GMv‡ivUvq| AvKv‡k Puv` IVvi Av‡MB GB AÜKv‡iB Avgv‡ì cvwj‡q †h‡Z

n‡e| KZÿY Rvwb bv, Z‡e A‡bÿY n‡jv Avgv‡ì KgvÛvi Ges Ab¨ mv_x‡ì

A‡cÿvq Avgiv e‡m AvwQ| Puv` DV‡j Avgv‡ì cvjv‡bv KwVb n‡q co‡e|

Puv‡ì Av‡jvq Avgv‡ì †`L‡jB ¸wj K‡i gv_vi Lywj Dwo‡q †`‡e| cvjv‡Z

cviv †Zv ~‡ii K_v, Puv` DV‡jB Avgv‡ì nq cwRk‡b _vK‡Z n‡e, bB‡j gviv

†h‡Z n‡e| GLbI KgvÛvi G‡jv bv| Avjøvni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv KiwQ, †n Avjøvn,

Zzwg AvR †g‡N Puv` †X‡K ivL| bB‡j Avgiv gviv hve|

A‡bÿY n‡q †Mj| Avgv‡ì KgvÛvi I Ab¨ mv_xiv GLbI G‡jv bv|

Avevi †mjd wWwmkb wbjvg Ges mv‡_i wZb mv_x‡K Rvbvjvg Av‡iv wKQzÿY

A‡cÿv Kie| Gi g‡a¨ KgvÛvi I Ab¨ mv_xiv bv G‡j Avgiv cvwj‡q hve|

KviY AvKv‡k Puv` DV‡j Avi cvjv‡Z cvie bv| cvjv‡Z n‡j Puv` IVvi Av‡MB

cvjv‡Z n‡e| GB wnRj evMv‡bi c‡iB avb †ÿZ| †mB †ÿ‡Z evsjv‡`k

†mbvevwnbxi ˆmbïv cwRk‡b Av‡Q| AvKv‡k Puv` D‡V †M‡j Puv‡ì Av‡jvq

wnRj evMvb †_‡K avb †ÿ‡Z hvIqv gvÎB cwRk‡b _vKv ˆmbïv Avvg‡ì

†`L‡Z cv‡e, Avi †`Lv gvÎB ˆmbïv ¸wj K‡i Avgv‡ì SvKiv K‡i †`‡e|

AZGe wKQzÿ‡Yi g‡a¨B cvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| wKQzÿY c‡i ejjvg, Avwg GLb

cvwj‡q hve, †Zvgiv hw` †h‡Z PvI Zvn‡j Avgvi m‡½ †h‡Z cvi| PviRb wg‡j

cvjv‡Z jvMjvg| NyUNy‡U AÜKvi wb‡R‡KB wb‡R †`Lv hvq bv| Avgiv PviRb

G‡K Aci †_‡K hv‡Z wew”Qbœ bv nB †mB Rb¨ Mv‡q Mv‡q wg‡k c_ Pj‡Z

jvMjvg| wnRj evMvb †_‡K avb‡ÿ‡Z G‡m cojvg| avb‡ÿ‡Z wKQzÿY Pjvi

ci Avgiv uvwo‡q cijvg| GZ AÜKvi †h, Avgiv wK †mvRv nuvUwQ, bv

RvqMvqB NyiwQ wKQzB eywS bv| Z‡e GBfv‡e †h cvjv‡Z cvie bv Zv eyS‡Z

cvijvg| nqZ mvivivZ †nu‡U †`Lv hv‡e Avgiv †hB RvqMvq wQjvg †mB

RvqMv‡ZB NyicvK Lvw”Q| mv_x wZbRb Nve‡o †Mj, AvwgI Nve‡o †Mjvg|

GKRb wR‡Ám Kij, GLb Dcvq Kx?

ejjvg, uvwo‡q †Zv _vKv hv‡e bv| nuvU‡ZB n‡e Zv‡Z hv nq n‡e| Z‡e

mK‡jB †Lqvj ivL‡e MÖv‡gi gvbyl †h c‡_ P‡j †mB c‡_i Nvm D‡V mv`v gvwUi

c_ nq, †mB c_ AÜKv‡iI AveQv †`Lv hv‡e| Avgiv nuvU‡Z _v‡K †mB c_

†c‡j GKUv Dcvq n‡e|

Avgv‡ì GK mv_x wegj ejj, uvovb Avgvi cvqLvbv †c‡q‡Q|

Avgiv uvovjvg| wegj cvqLvbv Ki‡Z e‡mB ejj, †c‡qwQ †c‡qwQ, c_

†c‡qwQ|

Avgiv †`Ljvg, n uv, GB †Zv MÖv‡gi gvby‡li cv‡q Pjvi c_| weg‡ji

cvqLvbv †k‡l Lyu‡R cvIqv c_ a‡i ax‡i ax‡i nuvU‡Z jvMjvg| g‡b A‡bK fq,

GB c_ bv nvivq| mv_x bI‡ki Avjx bmy ejj, uvovb, Avgvi kixi †Kgb

fvwi n‡q hv‡”Q|

57 58

ejjvg, fvwi †nvK Avi nvjKv †nvK, uvovevi mgq †bB eÜz|

Gi g‡a¨B †`Ljvg GKUv †jvK avb‡ÿ‡Z e‡m wewo ev wmMv‡iU Lv‡”Q|

cÖwZ Uv‡b Uv‡b dzjwK w`‡q ¯úó Av¸b †`Lv hv‡”Q| Avvwg wbwðZ njvg GB

†jvK †emvgwiK †jvK, gv‡b cvewjK| †Kbbv †Kv‡bv mvgwiK cÖwkÿYcÖvß †jvK

GB mg‡q, GB iv‡Z, GB hy× gq`v‡b wewo ev wmMv‡iU †L‡Z cv‡i bv| mvgwiK

cÖwkÿYKv‡jB hy× gq`v‡b iv‡Zi †ejvq wewo ev wmMv‡iU LvIqvi fqven

cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K© we‡kl Zvwgj †`qv nq|

mv_x eÜz‡ì ejjvg, GB †jvK‡K a‡i Mvb c‡q‡›U wb‡q cvjvevi c_ †ei

K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| GB †jvK‡KB Mvb c‡q‡›U Avgv‡ì mv‡_ wb‡q cvjv‡Z n‡e|

Avcbviv wewoi Av¸b jÿ¨ K‡i µwjs K‡i H †jv‡Ki yÕwZb nvZ mvg‡b wM‡q

Ae ’vb †b‡eb| Avwg µwjs K‡i †cQb w`K w`‡q H †jvK‡K Mvb c‡q›U Kie|

hv‡Z H †jvK wPrKvi A_ev † uŠ‡o cvjv‡Z bv cv‡i| Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv cÖKvk

kã Kiv Pj‡e bv GUv g‡b †i‡L KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| Avgiv µwjs K‡i hvIqv

ïiæ Kijvg| Avwg wVK wcQb w`K w`‡q H †jv‡Ki wc‡V nvZ †i‡L ejjvg,

†KWv?

†jvKwU Nve‡o wM‡q ejj, Avwg, Avwg|

Avwg ag‡Ki ¯‡i ejjvg, Pzc|

Gici ax‡i ax‡i f ª‡jvK‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg, Avcbvi bvg Kx?

f ª‡jvK ej‡jb, wR‡Zb nvRs|

bvgwU Avgvi †Pbv †Pbv jvMj ZeyI wR w_ª ivB‡d‡ji e¨v‡ij (bj) wc‡V

†VwK‡q ejjvg, Avgv‡ì c_ †`wL‡q wb‡q Pjyb| bB‡j ¸wj K‡i †g‡i †dje|

Avgiv Kv‡`wiqv evwnbxi †jvK|

m‡½ m‡½ f ª‡jvK ej‡jb, Avcbv‡ì Rb¨B †Zv Avwg †bŠKv wb‡q

G‡mwQ|

†bŠKv †Kv_vq?

Nv‡U|

Pjyb Av‡M Nv‡U hvB|

wR‡Zb nvRs n‡jb Kg‡iW gwb wms–Gi KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i m`m¨| msMÖvgx

Avi wecøex‡ì mvnvh¨ KivB Zvi ag©| mybvgMÄ mxgvšÍ GjvKvi evwm›`v|

PxiKzgvi wR‡Zb nvRs wPiKvj gvby‡li †mev K‡iB Rxeb KvwU‡q w`‡”Qb| GB

mybvgMÄ AÂ‡ji †gvUvgywU mg Í gvbyl wR‡Zb nvRs‡K †P‡b| wZwb BwZnvm

cÖwm× †ZfvMv Av‡›`vjb, jv½j hvi Rwg Zvi Ges Rwg`vix cÖ_v evwZj

Av‡›`vj‡bi wecøex †hv×v wQ‡jb| †hŠeb eq‡m wZwb Kg‡iW gwb wms–Gi

mn‡hv×v wQ‡jb| wZwb HwZnvwmK muvIZvj we‡ ªv‡n Zxi-abyK wb‡q e„wUk

ˆmb¨‡ì mv‡_ hy× K‡i‡Qb| GKvËi mv‡j Avgv‡ì gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mgq

gyw³‡hv×v n‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ H AÂ‡j †Zgb GKUv hy× bv nIqvq wZwb hy×

Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb e‡j ytwLZ|

Av‡›`vjb, msMÖvg, hy× wR‡Zb nvRs-Gi Kv‡Q †bkvi g‡Zv jv‡M| mxgv‡šÍ

Avgv‡ì NuvwU‡Z wZwb GKevi G‡mwQ‡jb| †hv×v‡ì wR‡Zb nvRs

fv‡jvev‡mb| wb‡Ri wec` D‡cÿv K‡i †hv×v‡ì mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q Avm‡Z wZwb

`viæY Avb›` cvb| ZvB Avgiv hLb mxgvšÍ †_‡K †`‡ki †fZ‡i XzwK ZLb

†_‡KB wbivc` ~i‡Z¡ †_‡K wZwb Avgv‡ì Qvqvi g‡Zv AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| GB

AÂj Zvi G‡ZvB bL`c©‡Y †h, Avgiv hLb iv‡Z iIbv nZvg wZwb mn‡RB

Abygvb K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡Zb Avgiv GK iv‡Z cv‡q †nu‡U KZ ~‡i Ges †Kv_vq

wM‡q †cuŠQv‡Z cvwi| c‡ii w`b wZwb Avevi Avgv‡ì KvQvKvwQ †Kv‡bv RvqMvq

Ae ’vb wb‡Zb| wKš‘ mivmwi Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q Avm‡Zb bv| GB AÂ‡ji wn› y-

gymjgvb mK‡ji Kv‡QB Zuvi mgvì wQj| Ni-msmvi Z¨vMx wPiKzgvi GB

cyiæ‡li KvRB wQj AvR GB MÖvg Kvj Ab¨ MÖvg Ny‡i †eov‡bv| Nv‡U G‡m

†`Ljvg mwZ¨B GKUv eo †R‡j †bŠKv i‡q‡Q| m‡½ wZbRb gvwS| wR‡Zb

nvRsmn Avgiv PviRb †bŠKvq D‡V emjvg| Avgv‡ì PviR‡bi GKRb n‡jv

KgvÛv‡ii †QvU fvB AiæY miKvi| †bŠKvq D‡VB AiæY miKvi ejj, `v`v‡i

(KgvÛvi myKzgvi miKvi) Qvov hvgy bv| `v`v‡i Avbvi eë¯’v K‡ib|

wR‡Zb nvRs ej‡jb, †Zvgiv †bŠKvq en Avwg KgvÛvi‡K LyuBRv Avwb|

wR‡Zb nvRs KgvÛvi myKzgvi evey Ges Ab¨ mv_x‡ì Luy‡R Avb‡Z †Mj|

Avgiv PviRb †bŠKv †_‡K †b‡g ï‡q cwRkb wb‡q _vKjvg| GK mgq AÜKv‡i

†`Ljvg LyeB KvQvKvwQ GK`j ˆmb¨ mvwie×fv‡e jvBb w`‡q Avgv‡ì w`‡K

Avm‡Q| Avgiv PviRb cwRk‡b Pzc K‡i ï‡q _vKjvg| ˆmbïv Avgv‡ì yÕwZb

nvZ ~i w`‡q †bŠKvi w`‡K GwM‡q †Mj| Gici KgvÛvi myKzgvi evey Av‡ Í

Av‡ Í †KvwK‡ji K‡É Kz Kz K‡i WvK w`‡jb| Avgiv eyS‡Z cvijvg GB

ˆmb¨`j Avgv‡ìB mv_x| AvgivI cvëv Kz Kz WvK w`‡q ZvovZvwo †bŠKvi

w`‡K †Mjvg| mvi mvi ªæZ mevB †bŠKvq D‡V cojvg| †bŠKv †Q‡o w`‡jv|

AwZwi³ êVv I gv ‘j w`‡q AvgivI †bŠKv evB‡Z jvMjvg| AvKv‡k Puv` IVvi

Av‡MB AšÍZ yÕwZb gvBj ~‡i P‡j †h‡Z n‡e| ªæZMwZ‡Z †bŠKv Pj‡Z

jvMj| yB Z…Zxqvsk ÿq n‡q hvIqv Puv` PZzw ©‡K nvjKv iƒcvjx Av‡jv Qwo‡q

59 60

AvKv‡k DVj| Puv‡ì wgwó cwi®‹vi Av‡jv‡Z me wKQy ¯úó †`Lv hv‡”Q| K~j-

wKbvivwenxb wekvj Rjivwki gv‡S GKUv †bŠKvq Avgiv mevB e‡m AvwQ|

GZÿ‡Y Avgv‡ì gy‡L K_v dzUj| Avgiv mevB Avðh©RbKfv‡e weavZvi K…cvq

m¤ú~Y© AÿZ Ae ’vq cvwj‡q G‡mwQ| G †hb wKQz‡ZB wek¦vm n‡Z Pvq bv|

g‡bi Avb‡›` g‡b n‡jv D”P K‡É Mvb nvB| Avgv‡ì GB euvPvi wcQ‡b hvi

GKK Ae`vb, wZwb Avi †KD bb| wZwb n‡jb gvby‡li †mevq DrmM©K…Z cÖvY

wR‡Zb nvRs| wR‡Zb nvRs–Gi cÖwZ K…ZÁZvi †kl †bB| F‡Yi †kl †bB|

†Kv‡bv w`b wK Ggb Avm‡e, †hw`b wR‡Zb nvRs–Gi FY †kva Kivi AšÍZ

†Póv Kiv hv‡e? †fvi n‡jv, †bŠKv Zx‡i wfoj| Avgiv mevB †bŠKv †_‡K †b‡g

cojvg| wR‡Zb nvRs‡K ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡i we`vq wbjvg| Avevi c_ Pj‡Z ïiæ

Kijvg| Gevi c_ Pjvi jÿ¨ n‡jv mxgv‡šÍi w`‡K| D‡Ïk¨ mxg‡šÍi wbKUeZ©x

RvqMv w`‡q Avgiv Nyi‡Z _vKe| RbM‡Yi Ae ’v Lye GKUv fv‡jv †`Ljvg bv|

Avgv‡ì nv‡Z A ¿ Av‡Q e‡jB RbMY Avgv‡ì wKQz e‡jwb| wKš‘ g‡b n‡q‡Q

cvi‡j RbMY Avgv‡ì a‡i †d‡j|

RbMY‡K G‡Zv eySvw”Q, RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb GB

†`‡ki ¯ªóv, Zuv‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨v ....... BZ¨vw`| wKš‘ RbMY MÖnY Ki‡Q bv|

†KejB cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡Q| gbUv fxlY Lvivc| Zvn‡j wK †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

RbwcÖqZv k~‡bï †KvUvi †P‡qI wb‡P †b‡g †M‡Q| RbMY hw` Avgv‡ì AvkÖq

bv †`q, Zvn‡j Avgiv †Mwijv hy× Kie Kxfv‡e? RbMY Avi †Mwijv †hv×vi

m¤úK© n‡Z n‡e, cvwb Avi gv‡Qi, gvQ †hgb cvwb Qvov euv‡P bv, †Mwijv

†hv×vI RbMY Qvov euv‡P bv| cvwb hw` gvQ‡K AvkÖq bv †`q Zvn‡j gv‡Qi

†hgb wbwðZ g„Zz¨ n‡e, wVK RbMY hw` †Mwijv †hv×v‡K AvkÖq bv †`q, Zvn‡j

†Mwijv †hv×viI wbwðZ g„Zz¨ n‡e|

g‡b bvbvb cÖkœ, †kL gywRei ingvb wK gvby‡li Kv‡Q G‡ZvB AMÖnY‡hvM¨

n‡q c‡owQj? Zv‡K GBfv‡e Lyb Kiv n‡jv, Avgiv Zvi cÖwZev‡` hy× Ki‡Z

Gjvg, A_P RbMY Avgv‡ì MÖnYB Ki‡Q bv| Avm‡j mk ¿ cÖwZev`B †kl K_v

bq| Avgiv hviv †kL gywRe‡ii Abymvix, Avgv‡ì wb‡R‡ì Kg© Øviv Ges

RbMY‡K eySv‡bvi gva¨‡g ax‡i ax‡i Avevi †kL gywR‡ei cÖwZ ggZ¡kxj K‡i

Zzj‡Z n‡e Ges †kL gywRei ingvb–Gi nviv‡bv RbwcÖqZv Avevi wdwi‡q

Avb‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡jB †Kej Avgiv mk ¿ hy× ev wbi ¿ jovB‡q weRqx n‡Z

cvie| GQvov Avgv‡ì Ab¨ †Kv‡bv weKí †bB| †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi

ˆmbïv RbM‡Yi gva¨‡g Avgv‡ì MwZwewai LeivLei wb‡q c‡_ c‡_ G¨v¤yk

Ki‡Z _vKj| G¨v¤yk gv‡b Av‡M †_‡KB duv` †c‡Z e‡m _vKv| Avgiv GK

mÜ¨vq evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi G¨v¤^y‡k duv‡` cv

w`jvg| mÜ¨vq GK AvL‡ÿ‡Zi cvk w`‡q hvIqvi mgq Av‡M †_‡KB G¨v¤yk

K‡i duv` †c‡Z e‡m _vKv evsjv‡`k Avwg©i ˆmbïv AZwK©‡Z Avgv‡ì AvµgY

Kij| Avgiv AvL‡ÿ‡Zi †fZi AvkÖq wb‡q cvëv Reve w`jvg| cÖ_‡g Zxeª

jovB ïiæ n‡jv| Zvici ivZfi †_‡g †_‡g msNl© Pj‡Z jvMj| ivZ

†cvnv‡jv| †fvi n‡jv| m~h© IVvi m‡½ m‡½B †mbvevwnbxi ˆmbïv ye©vi MwZ‡Z

cybivq AvµgY kiæ Kij| Avgiv Zvi h_vh_ Reve w`‡Z jvMjvg| hZB †ejv

evo‡Z jvMj AvµgY cvëv AvµgY ZZB evo‡Z jvMj| Avgiv †h AvL‡ÿ‡Z

AvkÖq wb‡qwQjvg ¸wj‡Z †mB †ÿ‡Zi AvL wQbœ wfbœ n‡q †h‡Z jvMj| Avgv‡ì

¸wj µgk dzwi‡q †h‡Z jvMj| ycyi Mwo‡q we‡Kj n‡Z jvMj| ax‡i ax‡i

Avgv‡ì A ¿¸‡jv G‡Ki ci GK †_‡g †h‡Z jvMj| hLbB Avgv‡ì GKUv

A ¿ †_‡K hvq ZLbB eyS‡Z cvwi Avgv‡ì mv_x †hv×vi ¸wj nq †kl, A_ev

AvnZ, wKsev wbnZ n‡q‡Q| mÜ¨v bvMv` Avgv‡ì G‡Ki ci GK cÖvq mKj A ¿

†_‡g †Mj| A_©r Avgv‡ì cÖvq mKj mv_xi ¸wj †kl A_ev Avgv‡ì cÖvq

mv_xB wbnZ| mÜ¨v nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B Ae ’v †eMwZK †`‡L Avwg µwjs K‡i

AvL‡ÿZ †_‡K †ewi‡q avb‡ÿ‡Z Xz‡K cwo| mvivivZ µwjs Kivi ci hLb

mKvj nq, ZLb Avwg †Kv_vq Zv Avwg Rvwb bv| avb Mv‡Qi cvZv Avi kx‡li

av‡i Avgvi mg Í kixi †K‡U dvwj dvwj n‡q mviv †`n †_‡K we› y we› y i³

†ei n‡Z _v‡K| `xN© mgq µwjs Kivi d‡j Avgvi yÕnuvUz, nv‡Zi yB KbyB Ges

eyK wP‡i ÿZweÿZ n‡q †M‡Q kix‡i Amn¨ hš¿Yv †`‡n ej †bB|| †`n Avi

P‡j bv| †`n wb‡¯ÍR| Rxe‡bi gvqv Z¨vM K‡i avb‡ÿ‡ZB c‡o iBjvg| GK

mgq Nywg‡q cojvg, bv Ávb nvwi‡q †djjvg Rvwb bv| hLb ûuk wd‡i G‡jv

ZLb †`wL GKwU KzKzi Avgvi bvK ïK‡Q| ac K‡i D‡V em‡ZB KzKziwU wZb-

Pvi nvZ wcQ‡b m‡i †Mj| Avgvi cv‡kB c‡o Av‡Q Avgvi Rxeb iÿvKvix wR

w_ª A‡Uv ivB‡dj, Avi y‡Uv g¨vMwRb| Avgvi wKQzB g‡b †bB| †Kb Avwg GB

Ae ’vq GLv‡b| †c‡U ïay cÖPÐ ÿzav| ÿzavi R¡vjvq Avwg Aw¯’i| wPšÍv KiwQ

Avwg wK ¯cœ †`LwQ bv ev¯Íe| ax‡i ax‡i Avgvi mg¯Í wKQz g‡b n‡Z jvMj|

Avwg Avevi fq †c‡q †Mjvg| kÎæi fq| g„Zzï fq| m‡½ m‡½ Avgvi gi‡Yi

mv_x, euvPvi mv_x wcÖqZgv wR w_ª A‡Uv ivB‡djUv Avi g¨vMwRb y‡Uv nv‡Z Zz‡j

wbjvg| GLbI GKUv g¨vMwRb cy‡iv ¸wj fwZ© AbÜv A‡a©K fwZ©, Avi wR w_ªÕi

mv‡_ wdU Kiv g¨vMwR‡b wek ivDÛ ¸wji g‡a¨ wZb ivDÛ ¸wj Av‡Q| wKš‘

¸wji e¨vMUv †Kv_vq Rvwb bv| GLb mKvj bv ycyi bv weKvj wKQzB eywS bv|

61 62

nv‡Zi NwoUv ¸wji e¨v‡Mi g‡Zv †Kv_vqI c‡o †M‡Q| †c‡Ui ÿzav wbevi‡Yi

Rb¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li Kv‡Q hvIqv hv‡e bv| †Kv‡bv MÖvg ev †jvKvj‡q hvIqv hv‡e

bv| gvby‡livI Avgv‡ì kÎæ| Avgv‡ì Ae ’v cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi

g‡Zv| 1971–G gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mgq G‡`‡ki †h Ae ’v n‡qwQj GLb

Avgv‡ìI †mB GKB Ae ’v n‡q‡Q| gvbyl Avgv‡ì mvnvh¨ Ki‡e bv| gvby‡li

Kv‡Q hvIqv hv‡e bv|

ÿzavi R¡vjvq avb Mv‡Qi KwP WMv Avi KwP av‡b ya Pzl‡Z jvMjvg Avi

fve‡Z jvMjvg, GLbB Ab¨Î iIbv ne bv mÜ¨v n‡j iIbv ne| GLb iIbv

n‡j kÎæi Ke‡j covi wec` Avi mÜ¨vi ci iIbv n‡j AÜKv‡i c_ nvivevi

wec`| †Kvb wecÙv MÖnY Kie| cvwbi wccvmvq ey‡Ki QvwZ †d‡U hv‡”Q| Avi

wKQzÿY ci cvwbi wccvmvq GgwbB gi‡Z n‡e| dzj c¨v›UUv fuvR K‡i †bswUi

g‡Zv evbvjvg| mvU©Uv Ly‡j †Kvg‡ii mv‡_ †eu‡a wR w_ª ivB‡djUv ev nvZ w`‡q

kix‡ii mv‡_ wgwj‡q aijvg, hv‡Z ~i †_‡K †evSv bv hvq Avgvi Kv‡Q A ¿|

Zvici †mvRv cvwbi †Luv‡R nuvUv ïiæ Kijvg| wKQz ~i nuvU‡ZB GKUv cvwbi

†Wvev †c‡q cvwb †Ljvg| GK †jvK cvqLvbv K‡i H †Wvevq †mŠP Ki‡Z

G‡m‡Q| Avwg H †jvK‡K Mvb c‡q›U K‡i Avgv‡K †mvRv mxgv‡šÍi w`‡K wb‡q

hvIqvi wb‡ ©k w`jvg| bB‡j cÖv‡Y gvivi ûgwK w`jvg| mxgv‡šÍi KvQvKvwQ

Avm‡ZB ~‡i †_‡K fvi‡Zi cvnvo bR‡i G‡j Avwg H †jv‡Ki nvZ a‡i Zv‡K

†Rvi K‡i wb‡q Avmvi Rb¨ ÿgv †P‡q †Q‡o w`jvg| Zvici fvi‡Zi cvnvo

jÿ¨ K‡i ªæZ nuvU‡Z _vKjvg| mxgv‡šÍ †cuŠQ‡Z Avgvi mÜ¨v Mwo‡q ivZ n‡jv|

Avgv‡ì mxgvšÍ AÂ‡ji nvBWvDU ev K¨v‡¤ú †cuŠ‡Q w`‡L Avgvi hy‡×i mv_x

ê`¨bv_ Ki gyg~l© msÁvnxb Ae ’vq c‡o Av‡Q| ê`¨bv_ Ki–Gi mviv kix‡i

AmsL¨ †QvU †QvU wQ ª| †mB mKj wQ ª w`‡q we› y we› y i³ †ewi‡q Avm‡Q|

DcRvZxq mv_x Wv³vi Rb †nbwi Ges ivav igb ivq Sv›Uz (1977 mv‡ji 1jv

Rvbyqvwi nvjyqvNvU _vbvi †eZ¸ov MÖv‡g GK m¤§yL hy‡× ivav igb ivq Sv›Uz I

Wv³vi Rb †nbwi wbnZ n‡jb|) ê`¨bv_ Ki‡K wPwKrmv K‡i‡Q|

ê`¨bv_ Ki my¯’ nIqvi ci Rvb‡Z cvijvg, †m AvL‡ÿZ †_‡K µwjs

K‡i cvwj‡q GKwU KPzixcvbv fiv cuPv Rjvk‡q AvkÖq wb‡qwQj| †mB cuPv

Rjvk‡q wQj A‡bK w`b bv LvIqv i³‡Pvlv †RuvK| i³‡Pvlv †RuvK ê`¨bv_‡K

†c‡qB wKjwej K‡i wN‡i a‡i i³ Pz‡l †L‡Z _v‡K| ê`¨bv_ Ki cÖ ªve–Gi

iv¯Ív Avi cvqLvbvi iv¯Ív yB nvZ w`‡q †P‡c a‡i e‡m _v‡K| hv‡Z †RuvK

cvqLvbv ev cÖ ªv‡ei iv Ív w`‡q †c‡Ui wfZ‡i XzK‡Z bv cv‡i| ê`¨bv_ K‡ii

cvjvevi †Kv‡bv c_ wQj bv| KviY evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi †jv‡Kiv H cyKzi

cv‡o mRvM cvnvivq wQj| cvjvevi †Póv Ki‡jB aiv co‡Z n‡e| ZvB

†mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z aiv covi PvB‡Z †RuvK‡K i³ †`qvB †kÖq g‡b K‡i‡Q

ê`¨bv_ Ki| evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbx H cyKzi cvo †_‡K m‡i †h‡Z hw` Avi

GK yB N›Uv †`wi KiZ, Zvn‡j i³‡Pvlv †RuvK ê`¨bv_ K‡ii kix‡ii mg Í

i³ Pz‡l †L‡q †djZ| i³k~b¨Zvi Kvi‡Y GLbI †h †Kv‡bv mgq ê`¨bv_ Ki

gviv †h‡Z cv‡i| H w`‡bi hy‡× Avwg Avi ê`¨bv_ Ki Qvov Avgv‡ì evwK

m‡Zi Rb mv_x wbnZ nq| Rbmvavi‡Yi Pig Amn‡hvwMZv Ges we‡ivwaZvi

Kvi‡Y GKB cwiYwZ nq e¸ovi †iRvDj evwK Ges yjvj †` wecøe I Zvi

mv_x‡ì| KgvÛvi yjvj †` wecøe hy‡× cÖPÛ gvi †L‡q AvnZ Ae¯’vq †bŠKvq

K‡i cvwj‡q Avmvi mgq Zxeª hš¿Yvq Zvi UzAvBwm †gvt wniæ‡K wb‡ ©k †`q,

Òwniæ Zzwg Avgv‡K ¸wj K‡i †g‡i †dj|Ó GB wb‡ ©k cvj‡b UzAvBwm wniæ

AÿgZv cÖKvk Ki‡j cybivq yjvj †` wecøe GKB wb‡ ©k †`q| wKš‘ wniæI

wb‡ ©k cvj‡b cybivq AÿgZv cÖKvk K‡i| GBfv‡e K‡qKevi KgvÛv‡ii

wb‡ ©k cvj‡b UzAvBwm wniæ AÿgZv cÖKvk Kivi ci KgvÛvi yjvj †` wecøe

Aci mv_x g`b‡K GB g‡g© wb‡ ©k †`q †h, Òg`b Avwg KgvÛvi yjvj †` wecøe

†Zvgv‡K wb‡ ©k w`‡ZwQ, Avgvi UzAvBwm wniæ‡K Avwg †h wb‡ ©k wè, wniæ hw`

†mB wb‡ ©k cvjb bv K‡i Zvn‡j Zzwg wniæ‡K ¸wj K‡i †g‡i †dj‡e|Ó e‡jB

UzAvBwm wniæ‡K wb‡ ©k w`‡jv, ÒAvgv‡K ¸wj K‡i †g‡i †dj|Ó ZLb

Ab‡b¨vcvq n‡q UzAvBwm wniæ KgvÛv‡ii wb‡ ©‡k KgvÛvi yjvj †` wecøe‡K

nZ¨v Ki‡Z D‡`¨vZ n‡jv| UzAvBwm wniæ KgvÛvi yjvj †` wecøe‡K †U‡b

†bŠKvi †MvjyB‡qi evB‡i gv_vUv Szwj‡q w`‡jv| yjvj †` wecøe Ò†Zvgv‡K

cvIqvi Rb¨ †n ¯vaxbZvÓ KweZvwU co‡Z jvMj Avi d¨vj d¨vj K‡i wniæi

w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vKj| wniæ wR w_ª ivB‡dj Gi e¨v‡ij–(bj) Uv yjvj †`

wecø‡ei gv_vq †VwK‡q ¸wj K‡i w`‡jv| Ò†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨ †n ¯vaxbZvÓ

KweZv co‡Z co‡Z GKUv SvKzwb w`‡q yjvj †` wecø‡ei †`n wb_i wb¯Íä n‡q

coj|

Aciw`‡K gywÝMÄ †Rjvi †jŠnRs _vbvi evwm›`v XvKv K‡j‡Ri QvÎ‡bZv

†gavex QvÎ †gvt BDbym hy‡×i ïiæ‡ZB ¸wjwe× nq| mvivw`b i³ÿi‡Yi ci

bv‡K-gy‡L †Qbwo D‡V BDby‡mi †`n wb_i wb Íä n‡q hvq| mÜ¨vq BDby‡im †`n

cixÿv-wbixÿv K‡i g„Z mve¨ Í K‡i BDbym‡K †d‡j Ab¨ mv_xiv cvwj‡q hvq|

63 64

eQi Pv‡iK c‡i Nwbô GK cÖwZ‡ekxi evwo‡Z GK Abyôv‡b H hy‡×i K_v

DV‡j Abyôv‡b AvMZ GK f ªgwnjv ivMvwšZ I µz× K‡Ú Avgv‡K MvjvMvwj

w`‡q e‡jb, Avgvi fvB‡K †Zvgiv AvnZ Ae ’vq †d‡j cvwj‡q wM‡qwQ‡j|

H f ªgwnjvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z cvijvg wZwb wbnZ e‡j a‡i †bqv †gvt

BDby‡mi eo †evb| BDby‡mi eo †ev‡bi Kv‡Q Av‡iv Rvb‡Z cvijvg, †h hy‡×

BDbym AvnZ n‡qwQj †mB hy‡× BDbym‡ì wec‡ÿ hy× Kiv evsjv‡`k

†mbvevwnbx‡Z GKRb my‡e`vi †gRi wQj BDby‡mi dzdv‡Zv fvB| †mB my‡e`vi

†gRi BDby‡mi †Pnviv Ges BDby‡mi Wvb nv‡Zi Kwâ‡Z _vKv Kv‡jv RU †`‡L

BDbym‡K wPb‡Z †c‡i †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmv‡ì Kv‡Q BDbym‡K euvwP‡q

ivL‡j A‡bK Z_¨ cvIqv hv‡e e‡j BDbym‡K euvwP‡q ivLvi cÖ Íve K‡ib|

†Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmvb ZrÿYvr †nwjKÞv‡i K‡i BDbym‡K K¤vBÛ wg‡jUvwi

nvmcvZv‡j wPwKrmvi Rb¨ cvwV‡q †`b| BDbym‡K I‡cb nvU© mvR©vwimn Mjv

†_‡K bvwf ch©šÍ wP‡i Acv‡ikb Gi gva¨‡g my¯’ K‡i †K› ªxq KvivMv‡i cvwV‡q

†`qv nq| BDbym Mjv †_‡K bvwf ch©šÍ Acv‡ik‡bi GK weivU KvUv wPý wb‡q

`k eQi †Rj †L‡U gyw³ cvq| Ab¨w`‡K Uv½vB‡j GK weªR fvO‡Z wM‡q aiv

c‡o hvq wek¦wRr b›`x| mvgwiK Av`vjZ wek¦wRr bw›`‡K duvwm‡Z g„Zz¨`‡Ði

wb‡ ©k †`q| wek¦wRr b›`x duvwmi cÖ‡Kv‡ô (†W_‡mj ev Kb‡Wg †mj) G‡K G‡K

cÖvq c‡biwU eQi g„Zzï cÖni ¸b‡Z _v‡K| duvwm †`qvi wbqg Abyhvqx m~h©

†Wvevi ci Ges m~h© D`q nIqvi Av‡M duvwm Kvh©Ki n‡Z n‡e| hLbB m~h© Wz‡e

†hZ, mÜ¨v n‡Zv, wek¦wRr b›`x A‡Svi bq‡b Kuv`‡Z _vKZ, m„wóKZ©v Bk¦i‡K

¯§iY Ki‡Z _vKZ| AvR iv‡ZB AvMvgx m~‡h©v`‡qi Av‡MB duvwm n‡e| Avi

c„w_exi m~h© †`L‡e bv| c„w_exi Av‡jv evZvm †fvM Ki‡e bv|

GB my›ì aiYx †_‡K wPiwe`vq wb‡Z n‡e| mvivivZ Kuv`‡Z _vKZ Avi

cÖvYf‡i fMevb‡K WvKZ| Rxe‡bi †kl WvKv| Avi KLbB fMevb‡KI WvK‡Z

cvi‡e bv| G WvKvB †kl WvKv| GB †Zv Rjøv` G‡m †M‡Q, GLB duvwm‡Z

Szjv‡bv n‡e| GLB g„Zz¨| duvwmi AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ôi evB‡ii †`qv‡j nVvr †iv‡ì

SjK| Ggwb nvwm| AÆvnvwm| nu¨v-nu¨v-nu¨v Avgvi duvwm nqwb| Avwg gwiwb|

Avwg AšÍZ Av‡iv GKw`b †eu‡P †Mjvg| Av‡iv GKw`b c„w_ex‡Z _vKe| c„w_exi

evZvm MÖnY Kie| nu¨v-nu¨v-nu¨v Avwg gwiwb, Avwg gwiwb| Avwg AvR †eu‡P †MwQ|

duvwmi AÜKvi †cÖvK‡ô mviw`b nvwm Avi Avb›`| w`b †k‡l m~h© hLb ax‡i ax‡i

Wze‡Z ïiæ Kij| mÜ¨v †b‡g G‡jv, Avevi A‡Svi bq‡b Kvbœv Avi Ck¦i‡K

¯§iY Kiv| GB eywS Rjøv` G‡jv, duvwmi `wo Mjvq Suywj‡q w`‡jv| g„Zz¨ n‡jv|

Gfv‡e cÖwZw`b, cÖwZ mßvn, cÖwZ gvm, cÖwZ eQi| cÖvq c‡bi eQi| mviv w`b

nvwm| mviv ivZ Kvbœv| wek¦wRr b›`x wn› y nIqvq fvi‡Zi cwðg evsjvi

RbM‡Yi mg_©b Ges fviZ miKv‡ii Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y duvwm Kvh©Ki nq bv|

cieZ©x‡Z wek¦wRr b›`x‡K cÖvq c‡bi eQi ci wbtkZ© gyw³ †`qv nq|

bwRei ingvb wbnvi I kvnv`vr †nv‡mb myRvi †hŠ_ †bZ…‡Z¡ 17 R‡bi

GKwU MÖæc 1976 mv‡ji AvM÷–G myRvi wbR †Rjv MvBevÜv `Lj L‡i|

MvBevÜv `L‡ji cÖ_g jovB‡q mn‡hv×v AvjgwMi wbnZ nq|

03iv †m‡Þ¤i 1976, evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi e¸ov K¨v›Ub‡g›U †_‡K 6

†e½j Ges iscyi K¨v›Ub‡g›U †_‡K 16 †e½j–Gi ˆmbïv cy‡iv MvBevÜv †NivI

K‡i wbnvi I myRv‡ì AvµgY Ki‡j wbnvi-myRviv cvëv Avµg‡Yi gva¨‡g

wcQz nU‡Z _v‡K|

jovB-wcQz nUv, jovB-wcQz nUv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wbnvi-myRviv †Mvwe›`MÄ

_vbvq P‡j †M‡jI †mbvevwnbxi †NivI fv½‡Z cv‡iwb| 06B †m‡Þ¤i 1976

we‡Kj cuvPUvq †Mvwe›`M‡Äi Kvgvw`qv MÖv‡g wbnvi-myRv‡ì AvU Rb mv_x †hv×v

wbnZ nq Ges ¸wj †kl n‡q hvIqvq I AvnZ nIqvq wbnvi myRv ûgvqybmn

AvURb mv_x e›`x nq| e›`x‡ì g‡a¨ (1) bwRei ingvb wbnvi, (2) Avey e°i

wmwÏKx, (3) †iRvDj Kwig †iRv Ges (4) weKvk GB Pvi Rb †hv×v AvnZ

Ae ’vq e›`x nq|

myRv, ûgvqyb, gybœv I iwdKzj GB PviRb AÿZ Ae ’vq †MÖßvi nq| e›`x

nIqvi N›UvLv‡bK ci AvnZ wbnvi, e°i, †iRv I weKvk‡K †mbvevwnbxi

†jv‡Kiv myRv, ûgvqyb, gybœv I iwdKz‡ji mvg‡bB eªvk dvqvi K‡i †g‡i †d‡j

Ges RxweZ‡ì N›Uv yB c‡i iscyi K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U wb‡q hvIqv nq| cÖvq GKgvm

e¨vcx bvbv ai‡bi wbh©vZb I Revbe›`x †k‡l K‡b©j AvwR‡Ri 5bs gvk©vj

†Kv‡U©i wePv‡i hve¾xeb mkÖg Kviv`Ð w`‡q iscyi KvivMv‡i cvwV‡q †`qv nq|

iscyi, ivRkvnx I Kzwgjøvi KvivMv‡i GKUvbv `k eQi †Rj †L‡Z myRv, ûgvqyb,

gybœv I iwdKzj gyw³ cvq|

mxgv‡šÍ wd‡i G‡m Avgv‡ì RvZxq gyw³ evwnbxi me©vwabvqK e½exi Avãyi

Kv‡ì wmwÏKx exiDËg Ii‡d evNv wmwÏKx‡K iY †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y Avgv‡ì

†Mwijv hy× Kiv m¤¢e bq Ges DwPZ bq e‡j Avgvi AwfgZ e¨³ K‡i wcQ‡b

kÎæ bv †i‡L iY‡KŠkj wba©vi‡Yi K_v ewj| †`‡ki gvby‡li Ae ’v, Avgv‡ì

m¤ú‡K© gvby‡li aviYv, m‡e©vcwi †kL gywRei ingvb–Gi RbwcÖqZv BZ¨vw`

we ÍvwiZ wePvi-we‡kølY K‡i Kv‡ì wmwÏKx mivmwi m¤§yL mg‡ii wm×všÍ

wb‡jb| wZwb †NvlYv w`‡jb, hy‡× hZ mgqB jv¸K bv †Kb, Avgiv mvgbv-

65 66

mvgwb hy× Kie| cÖ‡qvR‡b GK BwÂ, GB BwÂ K‡i f‚wg gy³ Kie| Zey wcQ‡b

†Kv‡bv kÎæ ivLe bv|

Avgiv e„nËi wm‡jU I gqgbwmsn †Rjvi mxgvšÍ AÂ‡j kw³kvjx NvwU

¯’vcb Kijvg Ges †ek eo GjvKv Ry‡o gy³ AÂj ˆZwi Kijvg| cÖwZw`b cÖwZ

gyn~‡Z© evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbx I wewWAvi Gi mv‡_ Avgv‡ì m¤§yL hy× Pj‡Z

jvMj| †mbvevwnbx, wewWAvi Zviv PvBZ Avgv‡ì mxgv‡šÍi Icv‡i A_©vr fvi‡Z

Zvwo‡q w`‡Z| Avgiv PvBZvg Avgv‡ì gy³vÂj Av‡iv evov‡Z|

Avgv‡ì mv_xiv gqgbwmsn †Rjvi KgjvKv›`v _vbv AvµgY K‡i _vbvi

Iwm Avkivd DwÏb‡K m ¿xK a‡i gy³ AÂ‡j wb‡q Av‡m| c‡i Avgiv Iwm

Avkivd DwÏb‡K P‡j †h‡Z ej‡j wZwb P‡j bv wM‡q Avgv‡ì mv‡_ GKvË n‡q

hy× Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| eQiLv‡bK ci Avgv‡ì me©vwabvqK Kv‡ì wmwÏKx

Avgv‡ì c‡ÿ †iwWI-†Uwjwfk‡b cÖPvi Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ Iwm Avkivd DwÏb‡K

evsjv‡`k KZ…©c‡ÿi Kv‡Q wd‡i hvIqvi wb‡ ©k w`‡j wZwb m¯¿xK wd‡i hvb Ges

K_vg‡Zv wVLB †iwWI-†Uwjwfk‡b Zvi mvÿvrKv‡i Avgv‡ì K_v cÖPvi K‡ib|

jÛb †_‡K cÖL¨vZ I mvsevw`K Avãyj Mvddvi †PŠayix evsjvi WvK bvgK GKwU

mvßvwnK cwÎKv †ei K‡i Avgv‡ì K_v cÖPvi K‡ib| GQvov Avgv‡ì Avi

†Kv‡bv cÖPvi wQj bv| fvi‡Zi GmGmwe (†m›Uªvj wmwKDwiwU eªvÂ) LyeB †Mvc‡b

Avgv‡ì mvnvh¨ KiZ| Zviv AZ¨šÍ ms‡Mvc‡b Avgv‡ì A ¿ I †Mvjveviæ`

mieivn KiZ| GmGmwe GZB mZK©Zv I †MvcbxqZvi mv‡_ Avgv‡ì mvnvh¨

KiZ †h, Zv fviZxq weGmGd (eW©vi wmwKDwiwU †dvm©) mn Ab¨vb¨ ms ’v Ges

KZ…©cÿ ch©šÍ RvbZ bv| fviZxq GmGmwe ev †m›Uªvj wmwKDwiwU eªvÂ‡K

cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x kÖxgwZ Bw›ìv MvwÜ cwiPvjbv ev wbqš¿Y

Ki‡Zb|

hy‡× civRq

1977 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b Bw›ìv MvwÜ civwRZ n‡j †gviviwR †`kvB fvi‡Zi

cÖavbgš¿x nb| Bw›ìv MvwÜi civRq Ges †gviviwR †`kvB fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x

nIqvq Avgiv kswKZ nB| Ggwb‡ZB mviv we‡k¦i AvšÍR©vwZK ivR‰bwZK

cwiw ’wZ Avgv‡ì m¤ú~Y© wec‡ÿ| GKgvÎ Bw›ìv MvwÜ Qvov †MvUv fvi‡Zi

ivRbxwZI wQj Avgv‡ì wec‡ÿ| Avgv‡ì GKgvÎ mg_©K Ges mvnvh¨Kvix

kÖxgwZ Bw›ìv MvwÜ GLb ÿgZvPz¨Z| mvg‡bi w`b Avgv‡ì fv‡jv nIqvi

†Kv‡bvB m¤¢vebv †bB| fvi‡Zi bZzb cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB cÖ_‡g Avgv‡ì

mKj mvnvh¨ eÜ K‡i w`‡jb| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ †Rbv‡ij

wRqvDi ingvb Ges fvi‡Zi bZzb cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB DfqB wQ‡jb

AvšÍR©vwZK ivRbxwZ‡Z gvwK©b jwei †jvK| d‡j m¤¢eZ gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi

Kg©KZ©v‡ì civg‡k© fviZ Ges evsjv‡`k †hŠ_fv‡e AvµgY K‡i Avgv‡ì

civ Í Kivi Pzw³e× nq|

mxgvšÍ AÂ‡j Avgv‡ì `L‡j _vKv gy³vÂj Ges Avgv‡ì NvwU¸‡jv

eivei fviZ e¨vcK ˆmb¨ mgv‡ek K‡i| Aciw`‡K evsjv‡`kI Abyiƒcfv‡e

e¨vcK ˆmb¨ mgv‡ek K‡i| Avgiv mvg‡b evsjv‡`k I wewWAvi Ges wcQ‡b

fviZxq †mbvevwnbx I weGmGd Øviv mvouvwk Kvq`vq PZzw ©K †_‡K †NivI n‡q

cwi| Avgv‡ì‡K evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi ˆmbïv PZzw ©K †_‡K †NivI Kivi d‡j

Avgiv GK †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K Av‡iK †Kv¤úvwb m¤ú~Y© wew”Qbœ n‡q cwo| wew”Qbœ

n‡q cwo †nW‡KvqvU©vi †_‡KI| Avgv‡ì GK NvwU †_‡K Avi GK NvwUi

†hvMv‡hvM m¤ú~Y© eÜ n‡q hvq| Avgv‡ì me©vwabvqK Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi mv‡_I

Avgv‡ì mKj †hvMv‡hvM eÜ n‡q hvq|

Avgiv GK NvwUi mv_xiv Ab¨ NvwUi mv_xiv Kx Ki‡Q, Kx Ae ’vq Av‡Q

wKQzB eyS‡Z cviwQ bv| ïay evsjv‡`‡ki Avi fviZxq Avwg©‡ì gvB‡Ki

AvIqvR| GKw`‡K evsjv‡`‡ki †mbvevwnbx gvB‡K ej‡Q AvUPwjøk (48) N›Uvi

g‡a¨ AvZ¥mgc©Y (mv‡iÛvi) Ki| bB‡j AvµgY Kiv n‡e| Ab¨w`‡K wcQ‡bi

w`K †_‡K fviZxq †mbvevwnbx gvB‡K ej‡Q AvUPwjøk N›UvKv Av›`vi nvwZqvi

Wvj‡`v|

Avgv‡ì NvwU wQj gqgbwmsn †Rjvi ~M©vcyi _vbvi fevbxcyi| Avgvi

NvwUi mvg‡b wQj †ek eo m‡gk¦i b`x| b`xi Aci cv‡o wQj †Rbv‡ij

gvnvgy yj nvmvb, †gRi mvgv`, †gRi gCb–Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbx

Ges wcQ‡b fviZxq †mbvevwnbx| Avgiv Dfq †`‡ki †mbvevwnbxi weiæ‡× †kl

ch©šÍ hy× Ki‡Z cÖ ‘Z| Avgv‡ì A‡ ¿i fvÛvi †gvUvgywU Lvivc bv| hwÌ

†Mvjv¸wji cwigvY Kg| †cQb †_‡K fviZxq evwnbx Avgv‡ì mn‡R Kvey

Ki‡Z cvi‡jI mvg‡b b`x _vKvq †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡YB evsjv‡`k evwnbx Avgv‡ì

mn‡R Kvey Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avgvi aviYv wQj fviZxq †mbvevwnbx Avgv‡ì

weiæ‡× hy× Ki‡jI GWfvÝ n‡q Avgv‡ì NvwU `Lj Ki‡Z Avm‡e bv| fviZxq

evwnbx Zv‡ì Ae ’vb †_‡K cÖPÐ AvµgY K‡i Avgv‡ì Nv‡qj Ki‡Z PvB‡e|

Avi Avgv‡ì NvwUi mvg‡b b`x _vKvq †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y Avgiv A‡bK myweav I

my „p Ae ’v‡b AvwQ| evsjv‡`k evwnbxi c‡ÿ b`x AwZµg K‡i Avgv‡ì NvwU

`Lj Kiv GK ~iƒn e¨vcvi| GB Ae ’vq GKgvÎ wegvb nvgjv Kiv Qvov

Avgv‡ì civ Í Kiv KwVb| Avgiv m¤¢ve¨ nvgjv †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ Av‡M

67 68

†_‡KB gvwU †K‡U kvj e‡bi wekvi wekvj kvj MvQ w`‡q Zvi Dci m‡gk¦i

b`xi cv_i, evwj Avi gvwU w`‡q ~‡e©va¨ gReyZ wekvjKvq ev¼vi I †UªÂ ˆZwi

K‡iwQ| Avgiv gvwUi Dci bv D‡V gvwUi wbP w`‡q ev¼vi I †Uª‡Âi wfZi w`‡q

Abvqv‡m GK RvqMv †_‡K Av‡iK RvqMvq †h‡Z cvwi Ges hy× Ki‡Z cvwi|

Avgv‡ì AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi (mv‡iÛv‡ii) Rb¨ †eu‡a †`qv AvUPwjøk N›Uv mgq

AwZµg nIqvi ci, †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmvb wb‡R †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q Avgv‡ì

NvwUi Dci evi N›Uve¨vcx gU©v‡ii cÖvq kZvwaK †kj wb‡ÿc K‡i| †mB mgq

wcQb w`K †_‡K fviZxq evwnbxI Avgv‡ì Dci Aweivg †Mvjv I ¸wj wb‡ÿc

K‡i|

fviZxq evwnbxi †Mvjv¸wj I evsjv‡`k evwnbxi gU©v‡ii †kwjs PjvKv‡j

Avgiv ev¼vi I †Uª‡Â e‡m evsjv‡`k evwnbxi w`‡K mRvM I Zxÿè „wó ivLv

Qvov GK ivDÛ ¸wjI Kwiwb| ZLbI †fvi nqwb| AÜKvi Kv‡Uwb, AveQv

AÜKv‡i nVvr †`Lv †Mj wek-wÎk †bŠKv †evSvB n‡q †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj

nvmv‡bi evwnbx b`x AwZµg Ki‡Q| m‡½ m‡½ Avgiv AvµgY Ki‡j ZvivI

gwiqv n‡q cvëv AvµgY K‡i| Zv‡ì mg_©‡b †mbvevwnbxi Ab¨ GKwU `j

Kfv‡iR G¨vUvK K‡i| AvµgY-cvëv Avµg‡Yi g‡a¨ w`‡q cÖPÐ hy× †e‡a

hvq| N›Uv wZ‡bK Zxeª msN‡l©i ci †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi †bZ…Z¡vaxb

evsjv‡`k evwnbx cÖPÐ gvi †L‡q wcQz n‡U hvq| GBfv‡e mßvnLv‡bK †Rbv‡ij

gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi AvµgY cÖwZnZ Ki‡ZB Avgv‡ì †Mvjv-eviæ` dywi‡q hvq|

Avgv‡ì A‡ ¿i †h gRy` Av‡Q Zv w`‡q evsjv‡`k evwnbxi AvµgY eQ‡ii ci

eQi cÖwZnZ Kiv hv‡e| wKš‘ †Mvjv-eviæ‡ì fvÛvi cÖvq dzwi‡q G‡m‡Q| Zvi

PvB‡ZI gvivZ¥K AvKvi aviY K‡i‡Q Lv`¨ msKU| wZb w`b †_‡K Avgv‡ì

†Kv‡bv Lv`¨ †bB| K¨v‡¤ú wZb-PviwU Miæ RevB K‡i cywo‡q cywo‡q Avgiv

†L‡qwQ| AvR ZvI †bB| Avgiv hviv GKvË‡ii gyw³‡hv×v, Avgiv GKvË‡ii

gyw³hy‡× ïay A‡¯¿i msK‡U c‡owQ| wKš‘ Lv`¨ msK‡U KL‡bv cwowb| †MvUv

evOvwj RvwZB Avgv‡ì Lv`¨ mieivn K‡i‡Q| cÖ‡qvR‡b evOvwj wb‡R bv †L‡q

gyw³‡hv×v‡ì LvB‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv gyw³‡hv×vB Lv‡`¨ Kó K‡iwb| G‡`‡ki gvbyl

Av‡M gyw³‡hv×vi LvIqv RywM‡q‡Q Zvici wb‡Ri LvIqv RywM‡q‡Q| GKvË‡i

hy‡× Avwg Lv`¨ msK‡UI cwowb Ges hy‡× A ¿ I †Mvjv-eviæ‡ì g‡Zv Lv`Ï †h

GKUv weivU fvBUvj d¨v±i ZvI eywSwb|

GLb A ¿ Av‡Q, wKš‘ †Mvjv-eviæ‡ì msK‡U c‡owQ| Zvi PvB‡ZI †ewk

msK‡U c‡owQ Lv‡`ï| Avgv‡ì A ¿cÖwZ cuvP-mvZ ivDÛ ¸wj I †Mvjv i‡q‡Q

gvÎ| hv cuvP-`k wgwbUI wUK‡e bv| Avgvi g‡b GL‡bv Avkv †kl gyn~‡Z© fviZ

nqZ m`q n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi me©vwabvqK Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM

cÖwZwôZ n‡e|

Avgv‡ì K‡qKRb eÜz cvwj‡q †h‡Z wM‡q fviZxq evwnbx I evsjv‡`k

evwnbxi nv‡Z aiv c‡o gvB‡K Avgv‡ì bvg a‡i WvK‡Z jvMj| Avi ej‡Z

jvMj, †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB, mevB P‡j Av‡mb BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw`|

yB w`b †Kv‡bv c‡ÿiB †Kv‡bv hy× †bB| †Mvjv¸wjI †bB| PZzw ©‡K

bxie| Avgv‡ì †KD ev¼v‡i, †KD Dc‡i| †KD e‡m, †KD uvwo‡q| Avgv‡ì

†Kv‡bvB Lv`¨ †bB| A ¿ Av‡Q, wKš‘ †bB hy× Kivi ¸wj| m‡e©vcwi †bB hy×

Kivi g‡Zv we› ygvÎ gvbwmK kw³| Avwg GKwU †QvU KuvVvj Mv‡Qi wb‡P uvwo‡q

uvwo‡q †`LwQ †Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmvb Zvi weivU ˆmbëvwnbx wb‡q †bŠKv K‡i

Avgv‡ì Zx‡i G‡m bvg‡jv| cv‡k _vKv Avgvi A ¿Uv GKevi ZvwK‡q †`Ljvg|

nqZ g‡bi fz‡jB †`Ljvg| wKš‘ nv‡Z Zz‡j wbjvg bv|

†Rbv‡ij gvnvgy yj nvmvb Zvi evwnbx‡K b`xi cv‡o uvo Kwi‡q †i‡L

†gRi gCb, †gRi mvgv`mn K‡qKRb Awdmvi m‡½ wb‡q ax‡i ax‡i Avgv‡ì

NvwU‡Z D‡V G‡m Avgvi mvg‡b uvwo‡q AZ¨šÍ †gvjv‡qg Ges f ªK‡É Avgv‡K

ej‡jb, w`b, Avcbvi A ¿Uv Avgvi nv‡Z w`b|

Avwg †kl ev‡ii g‡Zv Avgvi A ¿Uv †`Ljvg| Zvici Avj‡Zv nv‡Z

†Rbv‡ij nvmv‡bi nv‡Z Zz‡j w`‡Z w`‡Z g‡b g‡b ejjvg, we`vq †n eÜz,

we`vq|

Gici †Rbv‡ij nvmvb ej‡jb, P‡jb Avcbv‡ì NvwUUv GKUz Ny‡i †`wL|

wZwb Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡Z jvM‡jb| Avgv‡ì mv_xiv †h †hLv‡b wQj †mLv‡bB

uvwo‡q iBj| Kv‡iv A ¿ nv‡Z, Kv‡iv A ¿ gvwU‡Z| †gRb gCb‡K A ¿¸‡jv

Kv‡jKkb Ki‡Z e‡j, Avgv‡ì mevB‡K GK RvqMvq uvo Kiv‡jb| Gici

wb‡q †M‡jb ~M©vcyi †mbvevwnbxi GKwU NvwU‡Z| †mLv‡b wb‡q †Rbv‡ij

gvnvgy yj nvmvb Avgv‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡jb, Avcbv‡ì wPšÍvi ev Nveovevi

†Kv‡bvB KviY †bB| Avgvi mv‡_ †cÖwm‡W›U wRqvDi ingvb–Gi K_v n‡q‡Q|

†cÖwm‡W›U wRqvDi ingvb K_v w`‡q‡Qb Avcbv‡ì mKj‡KB †Q‡o †`qv n‡e|

ïaygvÎ 1975 Gi 15B AvM‡÷i Av‡M hw` Kv‡iv weiæ‡× evsjv‡`k `Ðwewai

AvIZvq gvgjv †_‡K _v‡K Zvn‡j Zv‡K wePv‡ii Rb¨ †mvc © Kiv n‡e|

~M©vcy‡i K‡qK w`b ivLvi ci Avgv‡ì wb‡q hvIqv nq b~iæwÏb Kb‡m‡›Uªkb

K¨v‡¤ú| Gici †mLvb †_‡K wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv gqgbwmsn †iwm‡WwÝqvj g‡Wj

Mvj©m ¯‹z‡ji Kb‡m‡›Uªkb K¨v‡¤ú|

69 70

GB K¨v‡¤ú Avgv‡ì B›Uv‡iv‡Mkb ïiæ nq| cÖwZw`b Avgv‡ì Avjv`v

Avjv`vfv‡e wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖ‡kœi DËi wjwLZ I †gŠwLKfv‡e †bqv n‡Zv|

Avgv‡ì gvS †_‡K Avgv‡ì mv_x PÆMÖv‡gi Rb‡bZv †gŠjfx ˆmq` Avnv‡¤§`‡K

XvKv g¨v›Ub‡g‡›U wb‡q UP©vi (wbh©vZb) K‡i †g‡i †djv nq| GB msev`mn

Avgv‡ì cÖwZ fvi‡Zi †gviviwR †`kvB miKv‡ii ee©‡ivwPZ AgvbweK AvPi‡Yi

msev` fviZxq msev`c‡Î cÖKvwkZ n‡j, Ks‡MÖm we‡ivax †gvP©vi cÖwZôvZv,

Bw›ìv MvwÜi cZ‡bi g~j bvqK, hvi e‡`Šj‡Z †gviviwR †`kvB fvi‡Zi

cÖavbgš¿x, fvi‡Zi †mB cÖexY me©`jxq †bZv RqcÖKvk bvivqY weÿzä n‡q m‡½

m‡½ †gviviwR †`kvB‡qi c`Z¨vM `vwe K‡ib|

RqcÖKvk bvivq‡Yi e³e¨ n‡jv, cÖwZ‡ekx iv‡óªi we‡`ªvnx‡ì AvkÖq †`qv

fvi‡Zi ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ Ges wPiKv‡ji HwZn¨| cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB GB

ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ cvjb bv K‡i Ges wPi-HwZn¨ iÿv bv K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki

we‡`ªvnx‡ì g„Zzï w`‡K †V‡j w`‡q AgvR©bxq Aciva K‡i‡Qb Ges fvi‡Zi

cÖavbgš¿x _vKvi ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ I AwaKvi nvwi‡q‡Qb| myZivs Avi GK gyn~Z©

†`wi bv K‡i Zv‡K c`Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e| bB‡j ÿgZvPz¨Z Kiv n‡e|

me©`jxq †bZv RqcÖKvk bvivqY cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB‡qi cZ‡bi

Kvh©µg ïiæ Ki‡j, fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB miKvi Avgv‡ì

me©vwabvqK e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKxmn fvi‡Z _vKv K‡qKRb‡K fvi‡Z

ivR‰bwZK AvkÖq †`b| Ab¨w`‡K evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi

ingvb Zvi †`qv K_vbyhvqx fwel¨‡Z ivóª‡ ªvwnZvg~jK Kv‡R RwoZ n‡e bv –

GB g‡g© gyP‡jKv (eÛ) wb‡q Avgv‡ì wbtkZ© gyw³ †`b|

g~jZt Avgv‡ì cÖwZ fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB miKv‡ii

AgvbweK I A‰bwZK AvPi‡Yi d‡j †kl ch©šÍ fvi‡Zi me©`jxq †bZv

RqcÖKvk bvivqY RbZvi †gvP©v †f‡½ w`‡q cÖavbgš¿x †gviviwR †`kvB‡qi cZb

NUvb|

nvwi‡q hvIqv †kL gywR‡ei RbwcÖqZv wdwi‡q Avbv

Kb‡m‡›Uªkb K¨v¤ú †_‡K Qvov †c‡qB nvwi‡q hvIqv †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

RbwcÖqZv cybivq D×v‡ii Ges msMVb M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R bZzb K‡i Suvwc‡q

cwo| GKgvÎ Kv‡ì wmwÏKx I Zvi K‡qKRb mv_x Qvov Ab¨ †KD fvi‡Z

ivR‰bwZK AvkÖq bv cvIqvq Gm, Gg BDmyd, †gvRvwn`yj Bmjvg †mwjg, kvn

†gvnv¤§` Avey Rvdi (eZ©gv‡b RvZxq cvwU©i †bZv), †gv¯Ívdv †gvnmxb g›Uz

(eZ©gv‡b MY‡dvivg †bZv), iweDj Avjg †PŠayix (eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi wcGm †gv³vwì †PŠayix), dwi`cy‡ii iæwg (†kL gywR‡ei gš¿x †gvjøv

Rvjvj DwÏ‡bi †Q‡j), Avey mvC` (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbvi Z_¨ cÖwZgš¿x) Wvt

Gm, G gv‡jK (eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi ivR‰bwZK Dc‡`óv) mn †kL

gywRe wbnZ nIqvi ci †h mKj †bZvKg©x fvi‡Z wM‡qwQj Zviv mK‡jB G‡K

G‡K †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb|

†n`v‡qZzj Bmjvg KvRj (†kL gywRe I Gikv‡ì gš¿x †Kvievb Avjxi

fv‡Mœ 1996–G moK ~N©Ubvq wbnZ), †Mvjvg †gv¯Ívdv Lvb wgivR, Avãym

mvgv` wc›Uz, †gveviK †nv‡mb †mwjg (eZ©gv‡b AMÖYx e¨vsK Kg©KZ©v I †bZv),

kvgxg AvdRvj (eZ©gv‡b wePvicwZ), ivRkvnxi eRjyi ingvb Qvbv (eZ©gv‡b

mnKvix GUwb© †Rbv‡ij) Ges ivbvmn Av‡iv wKQz mv_x eÜz wg‡j mviv †`‡ki

me KqwU wek¦we`¨vjq, K‡jR Ges AÂ‡j bZzb K‡i ªæZ msMVb M‡o Zzj‡Z

_vwK| we‡kl `vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e Avwg XvKv kn‡ii me KqwU K‡jR Ges gnjøvq

msMVb M‡o Zzwj| Avgiv ïay QvÎ msMVb M‡o Zz‡jB ÿvšÍ nZvg bv| hyejxM,

K…lK jxM GgbwK g~j msMVb AvIqvgx jxMI Avgiv MVb K‡i w`Zvg|

Avgv‡ì Kg© m„wó Ges Kg©x msMÖn Awfhvb ªæZ MwZ‡Z Pj‡Z _v‡K Ges Avgiv

`viæYfv‡e msMwVZ I kw³kvjx n‡Z _vwK| Avãyi iv¾vK, Gm, Gg BDmyd,

kvn †gvnv¤§` Avey Rvdi, iweDj Avjg †PŠayix I kwdKzj AvwRR gyKzj

(AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mv‡eK †K› ªxq †bZv, bvgKiv ZvwË¡K, ˆ`wbK evsjvi evYxi mn

m¤úv`K-mvwnwZ¨K-mvsevw`K wb‡ew`Z cÖvY, wPiKzgvi) Ges Avgv‡ì g‡a¨

GKUv A‡NvwlZ †PBb Ad KgvÛ ˆZwi nq| Ab¨w`‡K wK‡kviMÄ †_‡K Avmv

gÂ Kuvcv‡bv I e¨vcK mvov RvMv‡bv e³v I mePvB‡Z RbwcÖq QvÎ‡bZv dRjyi

ingvb (QvÎjx‡Mi mv‡eK mfvcwZ, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †K› ªxq †bZv, cÖv³b

Ggwc, 1996 mv‡j AvIqvgx jxM †_‡K †kL nvwmbv KZ…©K ewn¯‹…Z) –Gi

R¡vjvgqx e³…Zv Ges †mB mv‡_ AwfÁ I Zz‡Lvo msMVK L, g, Rvnvw½i Ggwc,

†kL nvwmbvi gš¿xmfvi cÖwZgš¿x) Gi mvsMVwbK `ÿZv GBme wg‡j 15B

AvM‡÷ †kL gywR‡ei mv‡_ wbnZ n‡q hvIqv †kL gywR‡ei RbwcÖqZv Ges

msMVb bZzb cÖvY †c‡Z _v‡K| cÖKv‡k¨ dRjy Rvnv½xi‡ì e³…Zv-wee„wZ Ges

Avgv‡ì bxwZ I Av`‡k©i ivR‰bwZK cÖwkÿY Ges Kg©x m„wó GB y‡q wg‡j

ivRbxwZ‡Z Ges †`‡k bZzb †cvjvivB‡Rkb ev †giæKiY ïiæ nq| Rûiv

ZvRyÏxb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi AvnŸvwqKv| Avãyi iv¾vK AvIqvgx jx‡Mi PvwjKv

kw³| 1971–G Avgv‡ì gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mgq Avgiv hv †c‡qwQjvg Ges

71 72

¯vaxbZvi ci Avgiv hv nvwi‡qwQ, †mB b¨vq-bxwZ, Av`k©, Z¨vM m‡e©vcwi

gvby‡li Rb¨ gvby‡li fvjevmv, †fv‡M bq Z¨v‡MB myL, †`k I gvby‡li Rb¨

wb‡R‡K wewj‡q †`qvi nvwi‡q hvIqv †PZbv Avevi wd‡i Avm‡Z jvMj|

†nv‡Uj B‡W‡b †kL gywRe‡ii g„Zzï ci AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wØZxq m‡¤§jb

n‡jv| cÖ_g m‡¤§j‡b Rûiv ZvRyÏxb‡K AvnŸvwqKv K‡i AvIqvgx jxM †K› ªxq

KwgwU MwVZ n‡jv| wØZxq m‡¤§j‡b Kg©x‡ì AvcwË I †NviZi we‡ivwaZv m‡Ë¡I

ˆmq`v Rûiv ZvRyÏxb‡K ev` w`‡q Avãyj gv‡jK DwKj‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

mfvcwZ I Avãyi iv¾vK‡K mvaviY m¤úv`K Kiv n‡j Avgiv wKQzUv wPwšÍZ nB

GB †f‡e †h, gv‡jK DwKj Av`k©evb e¨w³Z¡ bb| gv‡jK DwKj †cÖwm‡W›U

n‡jI cvwU©i PvwjKv kw³ †_‡K hvq †m‡µUvwi Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki nv‡ZB| GB

cwiw ’wZ‡Z AvIqvgx jx‡Mi A½-msMVb Ges g~j kw³ QvÎjx‡Mi m‡¤§jb nq|

m‡¤§j‡b mviv †`‡ki QvÎ cÖwZwbwa‡ì dRjy–Rvnv½xi c¨v‡b‡ji GKK `vwe

_vK‡jI AÁvZ Kvi‡Y Kv‡ì–Pzbœy c¨v‡bj Kiv nq| Ievq yj Kv‡ì (†kL

nvwmbvi hye I µxov cÖwZgš¿x) †K mfvcwZ I evnvjyj gRbyb Pzbœy‡K mvaviY

m¤úv`K Kiv nq| c‡i Rvbv hvq gv‡jK–iv¾vK wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ fvMvfvwM K‡i

Kv‡ì–Pzbœy c¨v‡bj K‡i| G‡Z Avgiv hviv Av`‡k©i Rb¨ wb‡ew`Z cÖvY Zviv

LyeB gg©vnZ nB|

evnvjyj gRbyb Pzbœy wbR kÖg I e¨w³MZ AvPvi-eënvi Gi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡K

mvaviY m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e gvwb‡q wb‡Z cvi‡jI mfvcwZ wn‡m‡e Ievq yj Kv‡ì

KLbB wb‡R‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z cviv †Zv ~‡ii K_v GKRb mvaviY QvÎ‡bZv

wn‡m‡eI uvov‡Z cv‡iwb|

XvKmyi wbe©vP‡b wZb wZbevi cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡i cÖwZeviB †fvU †c‡q‡Q

RvgvbZ ev‡Rqvß nIqvi mvgvb¨ wKQy Dc‡i| wKš‘ evnvjyj gRbyb Pzbœy mvaviY

QvÎ mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q GKRb webqx Kg©V QvÎ‡bZv wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K cÖgvY Ki‡Z

†c‡i‡Qb|

1979 mv‡j gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingvb ivóªcwZ wbe©vPb

w`‡j AvIqvgx jxM mivmwi wbR `‡ji cÖv_©x bv w`‡q MYZvwš¿K HK¨ †RvU

(MR)–Gi bv‡g gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb †mbvcwZ †Rbv‡ij AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx‡K

gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingv‡bi wecix‡Z ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x K‡i| H

wbe©vP‡b gyw³‡hv×v †Rbv‡ij wRqvDi ingvb g~jZt AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÖv_©x

†Rbv‡ij Gg, G, wR Imgvbx‡K wecyj †fv‡U civwRZ K‡i RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨ÿ

†fv‡U †`‡ki cÖ_g ivóªcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb| wbe©vP‡bi c‡i Rvbv hvq, AvIqvgx

jxM †bZ…Z¡ H ivóªcwZ wbe©vPb‡K RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q ¸iæZ¡, A_©en I

êaZv †`qvi Rb¨ gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingv‡bi mv‡_ †Mvcb kjv-

civgk© I †hvMkvR‡mi wfwË‡Z gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb †mbvcwZ †Rbv‡ij AvZvDj

MwY Imgvbx‡K ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x K‡iwQj|

ivRbxwZ‡Z †kL nvwmbv

AvIqvgx jx‡M gv‡jK DwKj Ges QvÎjx‡M Ievq yj Kv‡ì Gi g‡Zv ’zj,

Av‡cvlKvgx I A‡hvM¨ †jvK †bZ…‡Z¡ Avmvq wb‡ew`Z Kg©x‡ì gv‡S nZvkv I

Zxeª †ÿv‡fi m„wó nq| GB nZvkv I †ÿv‡fi g‡a¨ Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki PwiÎ I

f‚wgKv cÖ‡kœi m¤§yLxb n‡Z _v‡K| GiB g‡a¨ Av‡m Õ75 cieZ©x AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

Z…Zxq m‡¤§jb| GB m‡¤§jb‡K mvg‡b †i‡L iv¾vK Ges †Zvdv‡qj Dfq MÖæc

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZ…Z¡ `L‡j A_©vr mfvcwZ I mvaviY m¤úv`K c` `L‡ji

Zxeª cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wjß nq| GB cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq gv‡jK DwKj iv¾v‡Ki m‡½

_vK‡jI †Zvdv‡qj MÖæc †bZ…Z¡ `L‡ji cÖ‡kœ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi Qvo bv †`qvi

wm×v‡šÍ AUj _v‡K| G‡Z AvIqvgx jxM fv½‡bi m¤§yLxb nq| Ggwb‡ZB

wgRvbyi ingvb †PŠayixi †bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKwU ÿz ª Ask Av‡MB `j

†_‡K †ewi‡q wew”Qbœ AvIqvgx jxM ˆZwi K‡i‡Q| †bZ…Z¡ `L‡ji jovB‡qi

gv‡SB AvIqvgx jx‡Mi m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq| Ae ’v †eMwZK †`‡L `‡ji

wfZ‡ii weiæ×ev`x‡ì †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ Avãyi iv¾vK AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

mfvcwZ c‡` †kL gywR‡ei †g‡q †kL nvwmbv‡K GB †f‡e wb‡q Av‡mb †h, †kL

gywRe cwiev‡ii GB AivR‰bwZK gwnjv me mgqB Zvi (Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki)

gyLv‡cÿx n‡q _vK‡e| †kL gywR‡ei RxeÏkvq Zuvi †Q‡j †kL Kvgvj, fv‡Mœ

†kL gwb, †kL †mwjg Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv †kL Rvgvj ivRbxwZ‡Z n Í‡ÿc ev

bvK Mjv‡jI †kL nvwmbv KLbB ivRbxwZi av‡i Kv‡QI †N‡lwb| hwÌ

mv¤úªwZKKv‡j GK mg‡q †kL nvwmbv B‡Wb gwnjv gnvwe`¨vj‡qi wfwc wQ‡jb

e‡j cÖPvi Pvjv‡bv n‡jI †kL nvwmbv wb‡R KL‡bvB Ggb `vwe K‡ibwb| †kL

nvwmbvi wfwc _vKvi cÖPviYv Pv‡jv‡bv n‡jI K‡e KLb ev †Kvb mv‡j wfwc

wQ‡jb Zv cÖPvi Kiv nq bv| eis †kL nvwmbv QvÎjx‡Mi †K› ªxq KwgwUi

m`mÏ wQ‡jb bv – GUv wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) QvÎjx‡Mi cÖvq Abyôv‡bB e‡jb|

ZvQvov †kL nvwmbv gwnjv, Avevi †`‡ki evB‡i i‡q‡Qb| KL‡bv †`‡k

G‡jI ivR‰bwZK AbwfÁ I AivR‰bwZK gwnjv nIqvi Kvi‡YB Avãyi iv¾vK

73 74

†hfv‡e Pvjv‡eb, †kL nvwmbv †mBfv‡eB Pj‡eb| GB aviYv †_‡KB Avãyi

iv¾vK Ms †kL nvwmbv‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ K‡ib|

AZx‡Z gv‡jK DwKj‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ Ges Iev‡q yj Kv‡ì‡K

QvÎjx‡Mi mfvcwZ Kivq msMV‡bi bxwZ I Av`k©evb, Z¨vMx †bZvKg©x evwnbxi

Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ Av¯’v K‡g hvq Ges †kL gywR‡ei †g‡q †kL

nvwmbv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ nIqvq ¯w Í‡eva K‡i|

†mbvevwnbx Ges †Rbv‡ijiv ivRbxwZ‡Z †eAvBbx I A‰ea n Í‡ÿc Ki‡Z

_v‡K Ges RbM‡Yi Dci cÖfyZ¡ djv‡Z _vK‡j Avgiv Õ71 I Õ75–Gi †hv×viv

†mbvevwnbxi weKí kw³ ˆZwii wPšÍv Ki‡Z _vwK| QvÎ‡ì ivR‰bwZK

cÖwkÿYKv‡j QvÎiv †mbvevwnbxi PvB‡ZI kw³kvjx evwnbx e‡j aviYv †`qv

n‡Zv| QvÎ‡ì eySv‡bv n‡Zv mk ¿ wKš‘ AwkwÿZ evwnbx n‡”Q †mbvevwnbx|

wbi ¿ wKš‘ wkwÿZ evwnbx n‡”Q QvÎevwnbx| †mbvevwnbx evm K‡i K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui

e¨viv‡K Ges QvÎiv evm K‡i wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bi QvÎvev‡m|

†mbvevwnbx RbM‡Yi weiæ×vPviY K‡i Ges RbZvi ¯v‡_©i cwicš’x KvR

K‡i| QvÎiv RbM‡Yi cÿvj¤b K‡i Ges RbZvi Rb¨ Rxeb `vb K‡i| AvMvgx

w`‡b jovB n‡e, †mB jovB‡q wkwÿZ QvÎevwnbxi Kv‡Q AwkwÿZ †mbvevwnbx

civwRZ n‡e|

†mbvevwnbxi AemicÖvß †gRi †Rbv‡ij Lwjjyi ingvb Ges AemicÖvß

K‡b©j kIKZ Avjx GB yB e¨w³ AvIqvgx jx‡M †hvM`vb Ki‡j †iRvDj evwK,

†Mvjvg †gv Ívdv Lvb wgivR, Avãym mvgv` wc›Uz, giûg †n`v‡qZzj Bmjvg

KvRj, †gveviK †nv‡mb †mwjg Ges Av‡iv K‡qKRb Õ71 I Õ75 Gi †hv×v

wg‡j Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i wm×všÍ wbjvg K‡b©j kIKZ Avjx‡K mv‡_ wb‡q

gyw³‡hv×v‡ì GKwU msMVb Kivi| wm×všÍ †gvZv‡eK K‡b©j kIKZ Avjx‡K

AvnŸvqK K‡i gyw³‡hv×v msnwZ cwil` bv‡g Õ71 I Õ75–Gi †hv×v‡ì GKwU

bZzb msMVb M‡o †Zvjv n‡jv| Avgv‡ì „wó K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui w`‡K|

jÿ¨ XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U `Lj| GB jÿ¨ ev Íevq‡b Kvh©µg I ivR‰bwZK

cÖwkÿY e¨vcKfv‡e e„w× Kiv n‡jv| Avgiv QvÎ-hyeK‡ì Avmbœ mgvR-wecø‡e

AskMÖn‡Yi I m‡e©v”P Z¨vM ¯xKv‡ii `xÿv w`‡Z jvMjvg| QvÎ-hyeK‡ì e‡j

K‡q Rxeb †`qvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z Ki‡Z jvMjvg| wecøe Ki‡Z n‡j e¨w³ Rxe‡bi

fqven ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ †mB ÿwZi wn‡me ivLv hv‡e bv| †Kbbv, wecøe

e¨w³MZ ÿqÿwZi wn‡me iv‡L bv| wecøe e¨w³MZ ÿqÿwZi ga¨ w`‡q mvgwMÖK

dmj G‡b †`q| hv g~jZt fwel¨Z eskai‡ì wbwðZ my›ì Rxeb G‡b †`q|

Kvh©µ‡gi GB ch©v‡q Avgv‡ì mv‡_ †hvM †`q Õ75 mv‡j 03iv b‡f¤i

†Rbv‡ij Lv‡j` †gvkviid–Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ msMwVZ e¨_© mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìv‡bi

KwZcq gyw³‡hv×v mvgwiK Awdmvi| †hvM`vbKvix mvgwiK Awdmvi‡ì g‡a¨

D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jb †jt K‡b©j G, GBP, Gg Mvd &dvi exi weµg (1975–Gi

03iv b‡f¤‡ii e¨_© Af‚¨Ìv‡bi `v‡q mvgwiK evwnbx †_‡K eiLv Í Ges cieZ©x

ch©v‡q ivóªcwZ ûmvBb †gvnv¤§` Gikv‡ì evwYR¨gš¿x), †gRi bvwmi (cwÎKvi

Kjvg †jLK Ges wewkó bvU¨wkíx jyrdi bvnvi jZvi ¯vgx) Ges K¨v‡Þb

nvwdRyjøv| K‡b©j Mvd&dvi me mgq Bs‡iwR‡Z ivR‰bwZK K¬vm wb‡Zb| GB

K¬v‡m wZwb wkwL‡qwQ‡jb †fv‡M ïay myL Av‡Q, wKš‘ Z…wß †bB| Z¨v‡M myL Ges

Z…wß y‡UvB Av‡Q| 1981 mv‡ji 17B †g e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

AivR‰bwKZ Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfv‡bÎx wn‡m‡e †`‡k wd‡i

G‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kg©x Ges RbZv wegvbe›`‡i †kL nvwmbv‡K bwRiwenxb

msea©bv †`q|

GB wRqv †mB wRqv bq

†kL nvwmbv †`‡k wd‡i Avmvi wZb-Pviw`b ciB Zuvi mv‡_ Avgv‡ì cÖ_g

êVK nq| GB êV‡K Av‡jvPbvi ïiæ‡ZB †kL nvwmbv QvÎ‡bZv I

gyw³‡hv×v‡ì e‡jb, AvR †_‡K cÖPvi Pvjv‡Z n‡e †h, GB wRqv †mB wRqv bq|

A_©vr eZ©gvb gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb ¯vaxbZvi †NvlK †gRi

wRqvDi ingvb bq| †kL nvwmbv wnUjv‡ii Z_¨ Dc‡`óv †Mwe‡qjm–Gi w_Dwi

Abymv‡i e‡jb, †Zvgiv hw` fv‡jvfv‡e cÖPvi Ki‡Z cv‡iv, GB wRqv ¯vaxbZvi

†NvlK wRqv bq, Zvn‡j †`L‡e GKw`b gvbyl GUvB wek¦vm Ki‡e|

Avgv‡ì gvS †_‡K GKRb cÖkœ Kij, Zvn‡j GB wRqv‡K †Kvb wRqv

eje?

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, AZ K_vi ìKvi †bB; ïay ej‡e GB wRqv †mB wRqv

bq|

GB K_v ï‡b Avgiv mevB we¯§„Z njvg Ges wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ wdm&dvm& I

nvmvnvwm Kijvg| wKš‘ Avgiv †KD †Kv‡bvw`b †kL nvwmbvi G wkÿv ÒGB wRqv

†mB wRqv bqÓ cÖPvi Kijvg bv|

75 76

ivóªcwZ wRqv nZ¨v

1981 mv‡ji 23†k Ges 24†k †g XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wUGmwUÕi wZb

Zjvq †mwgbvi K‡ÿ Õ71 I Õ75 †hv×v‡ì Ges †mbvevwnbxi cÖv³b m`m¨‡ì

†Mvcb I Riæix êVK e‡m| GB êV‡K K‡b©j kIKZ Avjx (eZ©gv‡b AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi Ggwc, AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjvi Avmvgx) gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ †Rbv‡ij

wRqvDi ingvb exi DËg‡K nZ¨vi cwiKíbv Ges nZ¨vKvjxb I nZ¨v cieZ©x

mg‡q KiYxq m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡ib| K‡b©j kIKZ Avjx e‡jb, wRqvDi

ingvb PÆMÖv‡g †M‡j PÆMÖv‡gi wRIwm †gRi †Rbv‡ij gÄyi exi DËg–Gi

†bZ…‡Z¡ wRqv‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡e Ges GB nZ¨vKv‡Ði e¨vcv‡i mfv‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv AewnZ Av‡Qb| mfv‡bÎx Avgv‡ì‡K GB nZ¨vKv‡Ð mnvqZv I f‚wgKv

ivLvi wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb|

AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv gvÎ K‡qK w`b n‡jv †`‡k G‡m‡Qb,

Gi g‡a¨B wZwb Ggb GKwU wb‡ ©k Kxfv‡e w`‡Z cv‡ib? cÖkœ Kiv n‡j K‡b©j

kIKZ Avjx e‡jb, †kL nvwmbv †`‡ki evB‡i (fviZ) _vK‡ZB G wel‡q

AewnZ Av‡Qb| K‡b©j kIKZ Avjx wRqv nZ¨vKv‡Ð I nZ¨v cieZ©x mg‡q

Avgv‡ì KiYxq m¤ú‡K© e‡jb †h, nZ¨vKv‡Ði mgq Avgv‡ì PÆMÖvg I XvKvq

_vK‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡ì hviv PÆMÖvg _vK‡e Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡e †Rbv‡ij gÄyi–

Gi KvQ †_‡K A ¿ wb‡q XvKvq P‡j Avmv Ges XvKvq hviv _vK‡e Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡

n‡e PÆMÖvg †_‡K Avmv A ¿ wb‡q XvKvq †iwWI-†Uwjwfkbmn Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

¯’v‡b wbqš¿Y cÖwZôv Kiv| Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb K‡e bvMv` GB nZ¨vKvÐ n‡Z

cv‡i cÖkœ Kivq K‡b©j kIKZ e‡jb, GLb †_‡K †h †Kv‡bv mgq n‡Z cv‡i|

hLbB wRqvDi ingvb PÆMÖv‡g hv‡eb ZLbB Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡e| K‡b©j

kIKZ Av‡iv e‡jb, wRqv nZ¨v msNUb ch©šÍ †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij GBP,

Gg, Gikv`mn Ab¨vb¨ †Rbv‡ijMY Ges ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb–Gi MvW©

†iwR‡g‡›Ui K‡b©j gvndzRyi ingvb Af~¨Ìv‡bi †bZv †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii mv‡_

_vK‡eb| wKš‘ †hB gyn~‡Z© wRqv nZ¨v msNwUZ n‡q hv‡e †mB gyn~Z© †_‡K Giv

wef³ n‡q co‡e Ges Ø›Ø ïiæ n‡e| †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì

†bZ…‡Z¡ _vK‡e cvwK Ívb cÖZ¨vMZ (wi‡cÖwUªqU) Awdmvi I †Rvqvbmn XvKvi

†Rbv‡ijMY| Ab¨w`‡K †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ _vK‡e PÆMÖv‡gi gyw³‡hv×v

mvgwiK Awdmvi I †Rvqvbiv| wRqv nZ¨vi ci †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì AvbyMZ¨kxj

†mbvevwnbx Ges †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii AbyMZ¨kxj †mbvevwnbxi jovB n‡e, hy×

n‡e| GB hy‡× Dfq MÖæ‡ciB ÿwZ n‡e Ges GKwU MÖæc‡K civwRZ I aŸsm

K‡i Aci MÖæcwU weRqx n‡jI LyeB ye©j _vK‡e, wVK †mB gyn~‡Z© Avgiv weRqx

~e©j MÖæc‡K AvµgY K‡i civwRZ Kie| GB n‡”Q Avgv‡ì nZ¨v I nZ¨v

cieZ©x KiYxq|

GB Riæix †Mvcb êV‡K 03iv b‡f¤i, 1975–G mvgwiK Af‚¨ÌvbKvix

K‡b©j Mvd&dvi, †gRi bvwmi, K¨v‡Þb nvwdR Ges Av‡iv K‡qKRb m`m¨mn

cÖvq mËi-cuPvËiRb †hv×v Dcw ’Z wQj| GKwU MÖæc‡K PÆMÖvg wM‡q †Rbv‡ij

gÄy‡ii KvQ †_‡K A ¿ wb‡q Avmvi `vwqZ¡ †`qv nq| wÎk-cqwÎk m`‡mï

wØZxq MÖæc‡K mvov †`k mdi K‡i wRqv we‡ivax gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Kv‡Q GB msev`

†cuŠQv‡bv I †h‡Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z© †h‡K‡bv ai‡Yi G¨vKk‡b hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z

Ki‡Z `vwqZ¡ †`qv nq| evwK mevB‡K Z…Zxq MÖæc wn‡m‡e PweŸk N›Uv cÖ ‘Z K‡i

XvKvq ivLv nq|

gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb PÆMÖvg †cuŠQ‡j, †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii

†bZ…‡Z¡ PÆMÖvg K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui wKQz msL¨K †mbv Awdmvi Af‚¨Ìvb K‡i 30†k †g

cÖZz¨‡l PÆMÖvg mvwK©U nvD‡m AwZ mn‡R, ejv hvq webv evavq gyw³‡hv×v

ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡jI †mbvevwnbxi mvaviY †Rvqvb I

RbMY GB nZ¨vKvÐ cÖZ¨vLvb K‡i|

†Rbv‡ij gÄyi exi DËg Gi AvbyMZ¨kxj AwdmviMY PÆMÖvg †eZvi I

†Uwjwfkb `L‡j I wbqš¿‡Y iv‡L| Gw`‡K XvKvq †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij

GBP, Gg, Gikv`, †Rbv‡ij gxi kIKZ exi DËg, †Rbv‡ij ingvbmn mKj

Awdmvi I †Rvqv‡biv †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii weiæ‡× Ae ’vb †bq|

†Rbv‡ij gÄyi‡K †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ Kzwgjøvi gqbvgwZ K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui

wRIwm weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj nvmvb‡K GK weª‡MW ˆmb¨mn PÆMÖv‡gi w`‡K

cvVv‡bv nq| weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj nvmvb PÆMÖvg mo‡Ki ïfcyi weª‡Ri XvKv

cv‡i Ae ’vb †bq Ges ïfcyi weª‡Ri PÆMÖvg cv‡i weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj

nvmvb‡K †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨kxj K¨v‡Þb

†`v¯Í †gvnv¤§` Zvi ˆmb¨mn Ae ’vb †bq| Ab¨w`‡K XvKvq gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ

wRqvDi ingvb nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` Ges †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii weiæ‡× RbMY e¨vcK

we‡ÿvf, wgwQj, wgwUs, mgv‡ek Ki‡jI Dc-ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ Avãym mvËvi

wRqv nZ¨vi msev` †kvbvgvÎ cÖvYf‡q XvKv mw¤§wjZ mvgwiK nvmcvZv‡j

(wmGgGBP)–G Ò†ivMx wmwiqvm, Kv‡iv mv‡_ †`Lv n‡e bvÓ †evW© jvwM‡q fwZ©

77 78

nb| c‡i wRqvDi ingv‡bi cÖavbgš¿x kvn& AvwRRyi ingvb Ges †hvMv‡hvMgš¿x

Avãyj Avjxg wmGgGBP–G wM‡q Dc-ivóªcwZ mvËvi‡K e‡jb, †mbvevwnbx

cÖavb Gikv` e‡j‡Qb Avcwb GLb ivóªcwZ|

cÖwZ DË‡i Dc-ivóªcwZ mvËvi e‡jb, Av‡M †mbvevwnbx cÖavb Gikv`‡K

Av‡bb|

Zvici †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì c„ô‡cvlKZvq Dc-ivóªcwZ

mvËvi A ’vqx ivóªcwZ nb| „k¨Z †mbvevwnbx yBfv‡M wef³ n‡q ïfcyi weª‡R

ci¯úi ci¯ú‡ii gy‡LvgywL Ae ’vb wb‡jI Ges fvB‡q fvB‡q i³cv‡Zi I

Rxebbv‡ki Ae ’v m„wó n‡jI Kvh©Z †Rbv‡ij gÄyi PÆMÖvg K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui cÖK…Z

wbqš¿Y nvwi‡q †d‡jb| d‡j Avgv‡ì‡K A ¿ mieivn †`qvi †Kv‡bv cÖkœB I‡V

bv| †mbvevwnbxi mvaviY ˆmwbK †Rvqvbiv gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb

nZ¨v mg_©b K‡i bv Ges wRIwm †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ c‡ivÿfv‡e

A¯xKvi K‡i| †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii c‡ÿ ïfcyi weª‡R Avmv K¨v‡Þb †`v Í

†gvnv¤§`–Gi ˆmbïv, weª‡Ri Aci cv‡i weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi ˆmb¨‡ì

weiæ‡× hy× Ki‡Z A¯xKvi K‡i| bb-Kwgkb Awdmvi Ges wmcvwniv K¨v‡Þb

†`v¯Í †gnv¤§`‡K mivmwi cwi¯‹vi e‡j †`q, †Rbv‡ij gÄyi †cÖwm‡W›U wRqv‡K

nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| GLb †Rbv‡ij gÄyi wb‡R †cÖwm‡W›U n‡e| Avgiv my‡e`vi,

nvwej`vi, wmcvwniv hv AvwQ ZvB _vKe| Avgiv wb‡Riv wb‡R‡ì Rxeb wbe

bv| Avcbviv Awdmv‡iiv Awdmv‡iiv hy× K‡ib| Avgiv hy× Kie bv|

ZLb K¨v‡Þb †`v Í †gvnv¤§` Ae ’v †eMwZK †`‡L weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj

nvmv‡bi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi wm×všÍ †bq Ges AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| †Rbv‡ij gÄyi

exi DËg PÆMÖvg †eZvi I †Uwjwfk‡b fvlY w`‡Z Ges mvsevw`K, MY¨gvb¨

e¨w³ I gyw³‡hv×v‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui evB‡i G‡j PÆMÖvg

K¨v›Ub‡g›U Zvi m¤ú~Y© nvZQvov n‡q hvq| †mbvevwnbxi we‡klZ bb-Kwgkb

Ges †Rvqvbiv gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingv‡bi cÖwZ GZB AvbyMZ¨kxj

wQj †h, my‡hvM cvIqv gvÎ gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨B Zviv †Rbv‡ij gÄyi exi DËg Gi

weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn K‡i| d‡j †Rbv‡ij gÄyi I Zvi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨kxj Awdmv‡iiv

Avi K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U wd‡i †h‡Z †Zv cv‡iBwb eis cvwj‡q †h‡ZI cv‡iwb| cvwj‡q

hvIqvi mgq „k¨Z A ’vqx ivóªcwZ Avãym mvËvi miKv‡ii cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨kxj

wKš‘ cÖK…Z A‡_© gyw³‡hv×v wRqvDi ingv‡bi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨kxj ˆmb¨‡ì

Avµg‡Y gÄyi mgw_©Z K‡qKRb Awdmvi nZvnZ n‡jI †gRi Lv‡j` I †gRi

gyRvddi cvwj‡q fviZ mxgv‡šÍi w`‡K bv wM‡q XvKv Avm‡Z mg_© nq Ges

K‡b©j kIKZ Avjxi †mjUv‡i (AvkÖ‡q) _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K †Rbv‡ij gÄyi exi

DËgmn Zvi Av‡iv K‡qKRb AbyMvgx Awdmvi wRqv ˆmwbK‡ì nv‡Z †MÖßvi

n‡j, wRqvDi ingvb nZ¨vq wbivc` ~iZ¡ †_‡K RwoZ ZrKvjxb †mbvevwnbx

cÖavb †Rbv‡ij GBP, Gg, Gikv` †MÖßviK…Z †Rbv‡ij gÄyi‡K m‡½ m‡½ nZ¨v

Kivb| †Rbv‡ij Gikv` wRqv nZ¨vq Zvi mswkøóZv hv‡Z cÖKvk bv n‡q c‡o

†mB Rb¨ †Rbv‡ij gÄyi exi DËg‡K †MÖßvi nIqvi m‡½ m‡½ nZ¨v Kivb|

†Rbv‡ij gÄyi Avgv‡ì A¯¿ w`‡Z e¨_© n‡j Ges †MÖßvi n‡j I wbnZ n‡j

Avgv‡ì mv_xiv XvKv wd‡i G‡m †gRi Lv‡j` I †gRi gyRvddi‡K ivRkvnx

mxgvšÍ w`‡q fvi‡Zi gywk©`vev` †cuŠ‡Q †`q| gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb

nZ¨vq RwoZ Ges †MÖßviK…Z †Rbv‡ij gÄy‡ii mv_x eviRb gyw³‡hv×v mvgwiK

Awdmv‡ii †Mvcb mvgwiK Av`vjZ (†KvU© gvk©vj)–G wePvi ïiæ n‡j K‡b©j

kIK‡Zi †bZ…‡Z¡ gyw³‡hv×v msnwZ cwil` †gRi wRqvDwÏ‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡

gyw³‡hv×v msMÖvg cwil` Ges gyw³hy‡×i †WcywU †m±i KgvÛvi †jt K‡b©j KvRx

b~iæ¾vgv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ gyw³‡hv×v msm` GB wZbwU gyw³‡hv×v msMVb H wePv‡ii

weiæ‡× Ges †MÖßviK…Z gyw³‡hv×v mvgwiK Awdmvi‡ì gyw³i `vwe‡Z

Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK †`q| D‡jøwLZ wZbwU gyw³‡hv×v‡ì msMVb XvKvq we‡ÿvf

wgwQj mgv‡ek BZ¨vw` Kg©m~Px Pvwj‡q †h‡Z _v‡K Ges GB mKj Kg©m~Px‡Z

gyw³hy‡×i c‡ÿi ivR‰bwZK `jmg~‡ni mg_©b I AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †Rvi cÖ‡Póv

Pvjv‡Z _v‡K| wKš‘ GKgvÎ Avãyi iv¾vK Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ivR‰bwZK †bZv‡K

H mgq cvIqv hvqwb| gyw³‡hv×v mvgwiK Awdmvi‡ì gyw³i Rb¨

gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Av‡›`vjb m‡Ë¡I gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb nZ¨vi

Awf‡hv‡M mvgwiK Av`vj‡Zi †Mvcb wePv‡i eviRb gyw³‡hv×v mvgwiK

Awdmv‡ii duvwm‡Z g„Zz¨`Ð Kvh©Ki n‡jv| Gw`‡K †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij

GBP, Gg Gikv‡ì c„ô‡cvlKZvq cÖwZwôZ A ’vqx ivóªcwZ Avãym mvËvi bZzb

ivóªcwZ wbe©vPb †NvlYv K‡ib Ges wZwb wb‡R cÖv_©x nb|

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÿ †_‡K †kL nvwmbv A ’vqx ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ Avãym

mvËv‡ii wecix‡Z Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb‡K ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x K‡i wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY

K‡iI wbe©vP‡bi ZvwiL wcQv‡bvi `vwe Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ †mbvevwnbx cÖavb

Gikv` mgw_©Z wePvicwZ mvËvi miKvi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wbe©vPb wcQv‡bvi `vwe

AMÖvn¨ K‡i| 1981 mv‡ji H ivóªcwZ wbe©vP‡b evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡mi

mePvB‡Z †ewk msL¨K e¨w³ ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x n‡j miKvwi †Mv‡q›`v ms ’v

GbGmAvB (b¨vkbvj wmwKDwiwU Bw›Uwj‡RÝ ev RvZxq wbivcËv †Mv‡q›`v)–Gi

79 80

Kg©KZ©viv ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x‡ì †gvUv As‡Ki Nyl w`‡q cÖvw_©Zv cÖZ¨vnvi Kivq|

Ab¨w`‡K AvIqvgx jxM cÖavb †kL nvwmbv †h †Kv‡bv GKRb ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x‡K

nZ¨v K‡i Zv‡ì wbe©vPb wcQv‡bvi `vwe ev¯ÍevwqZ Kivi †Mvcb wb‡ ©k †`b|

D‡jøL¨ †h, GKRb cÖv_©x Lyb n‡j wbe©vPbx AvBb Abyhvqx H wbe©vPb wZb gv‡mi

Rb¨ ¯’wMZ n‡q hv‡e| cÖv_©x nZ¨vq †kL nvwmbvi †Mvcb wb‡ ©k ev ÍevwqZ bv

nIqvq Ges mvËvi miKvi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wbe©vPb wcQv‡bvi `vwe †g‡b bv

†bqvq wbw ©ó mg‡q ivóªcwZ wbe©vPb nq Ges †mB wbe©vP‡b †mbvevwnbx mgw_©Z

weGbwc cÖv_©x e„× wePvicwZ Avãym mvËvi wecyj †fv‡Ui eëav‡b AvIqvgx jxM

cÖv_©x Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb‡K civwRZ K‡i ivóªcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb|

wePvicwZ mvËvi ivóªcwZ n‡jI g~jZt ÿgZv †_‡K hvq †mbvevwnbx cÖavb

†Rbv‡ij ûmvBb †gvnv¤§` Gikv‡ì nv‡Z| †Rbv‡ij Gikv` hLb †hfv‡e Lywk

†mfv‡eB ivóªcwZ mvËvi‡K cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| cÖK…Z A‡_© RbM‡Yi

†fv‡U wbe©vwPZ ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ Avãym mvËvi n‡q hvb †mbvevwnbx cÖavb

†Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì bv‡Pi cyZzj|

†jevbb †Uªwbs

1975 mv‡ji 15B AvM÷ e½eÜz„ †kL gywRe‡K nZ¨v Kivi ci hviv

Kv‡ì wmwÏKx (evNv wmwÏKx)Õi m‡½ wg‡j H nZ¨vKv‡Ði cÖwZev‡` hy× K‡iwQj,

Zv‡ì K‡qKRb 1982 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡mi cÖ_g mßv‡n avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i

e½eÜz †kL gywRe Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi m‡½ mvÿvr K‡i XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U (XvKv

†mbvwbevm) `Lj Kivi GKUv cÖ Íve I cwiKíbv Rvbv‡j †kL nvwmbv D³

cÖ Íve I cwiKíbv mvb‡›` MÖnY K‡ib| cwiKíbvUv _v‡K GB iKg †h,

ivR‰bwZK wkÿv I cÖwkÿYcÖvß Ges Kwg‡UW cuwPk-wZwik nvRvi hyeK‡K

mvgwiK cÖwkÿY w`‡q g„Zzï Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z K‡i, wbw ©ó GKwU w`‡b XvKv

K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U Kgv‡Ûv nvgjv K‡i `L‡j wb‡q †bqv| Avi XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U `Lj

K‡i †bqv gv‡bB evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªxq ÿgZv `Lj K‡i †djv| †kL nvwmbv

me©kw³ w`‡q GB cwiKíbv ev ÍevwqZ Kivi wb‡ ©k w`‡jb Ges Zvi wb‡Ri

(†kL nvwmbvi) cÿ †_‡K me©cÖKvi mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv Ges †bZ…Z¡ †`qvi K_v

†NvlYv Ki‡jb|

ïiæ n‡jv XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U `Lj Kivi Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK Kg©x ˆZwi Kiv Ges

mv‡_ mv‡_ GB Kg©x‡ì †Kv_vq mvgwiK cÖwkÿY †`qv hvq †mB ¯’vb Luy‡R †ei

Kiv| Kg©x msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ mviv †`‡k †Mvc‡b ivR‰bwZK cÖwkÿY ïiæ n‡jv| GB

Kg©x‡ì gb-gvbwmKZv I a¨vb-aviYv Ges e¨w³MZ ¸Yvejxi cÖwZ we‡kl bRi

†`qv n‡jv| Aí wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B eo ai‡bi GKUv Kg©x evwnbx ˆZwi Kiv

†Mj| GB Kg©x evwnbxi ga¨ †_‡K ivR‰bwZK wkÿv w`‡q evQvB K‡i GKUv e¨vP

ˆZwi Kiv n‡jv mvgwiK wkÿvi Rb¨| A_©vr wg‡jUvwi (Avwg©) †Uªwbs–Gi Rb¨

cÖ_g e¨vP ˆZwi Kiv n‡jv| wKš‘ mgm¨v n‡jv mvgwiK wkÿv †`qvi RvqMv Ges

A ¿ †Kv_vq cvIqv hv‡e? ivR‰bwZK wkÿv †`qv hZ mnR mvgwiK cÖwkÿY

†`qv AZ mnR bq| mvgwiK cÖwkÿY w`‡Z n‡j cÖ_‡gB cÖ‡qvRb GKUv wbivc`

gy³ GjvKv| †h GjvKvq cÖwkÿYv_©xiv wbivc‡` A ¿ Pvjbvi gva¨‡g A ¿ wkÿv

MÖnY Ki‡e| 1971 mv‡j Avgv‡ì gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mgq Avgiv fviZxq GjvKv

wbivc‡` cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ eënvi K‡iwQjvg| wKš‘ GLb Zv m¤¢e bq gvÎ eQi

K‡qK Av‡M fviZ Zvi gvwU †_‡K Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi evwnbx‡K Zvwo‡q w`‡q‡Q|

mvgwiK cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ fvi‡Zi gvwU eënv‡ii †Kv‡bvB m¤¢vebv †bB|

evsjv‡`‡ki my›ìeb Ges wnjUª¨v±I mvgwiK wkÿvi Rb¨ †gv‡UB wbivc` bq|

AvšÍR©vwZK ywbqvq Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv eÜz †bB| AvdMvwb¯Ívb KÆi †gŠjev`x‡ì

wbqš¿‡Y| †mLv‡bI Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv RvqMv †bB| †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb (ivwkqv)

Gi †Kv‡bvB mvovkã †bB| GgZve ’vq wPšÍv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z †jevbb Ges

wcGjI (c¨v‡j÷vBb wjev‡ikb AiMvbvB‡Rkb) Gi K_v we‡ePbvq G‡m †Mj|

†Mvcb †hvMv‡hvM Kiv n‡jv wcGjI–Gi XvKv ’ cÖwZwbwa Avn‡g` G, iv‡RK

Gi mv‡_| wcGjI–Gi XvKv ’ ¸jkvb G¨v¤^vwm‡Z wcGjI cÖwZwbwa Avn‡g` G,

iv‡R‡Ki mv‡_ †Mvc‡b K‡qK `dv êVK n‡jv| Avn‡g` G, iv‡RK‡K

†LvjvLywj ejv n‡jv Avgiv mvgwiK cÖwkÿY PvB, wewbg‡q †Zvgiv hv PvI Avgiv

†`‡ev| Avn‡g` G, iv‡RK gvmLv‡bK mgq PvBj|

gvmLv‡bK ci Avn‡g` G, iv‡RK Gi mv‡_ Avevi êVK n‡jv| êV‡K

wm×všÍ n‡jv wcGjI Avgv‡ì‡K †jevb‡bi gvwU‡Z mvgwiK cÖwkÿY w`‡q

†`‡e| wewbg‡q Avgv‡ì‡K wcGjI Gi c‡ÿ BmivBjx‡ì weiæ‡× hy× Ki‡Z

n‡e| Avgiv ivwR njvg| Avgv‡ì cÖ_g e¨vP †jevb‡b †M‡j Zv‡ì cÖwkÿY

w`‡q BmivB‡ji wec‡ÿ wcGjI Gi c‡ÿ hy× Kivi Rb¨ mivmwi iYv½‡b

cvwV‡q †`qv n‡e| cÖ_g e¨vP hy× Ki‡Z _vK‡e, wØZxq e¨vP †jevb‡b hv‡e|

wØZxq e¨v‡Pi cÖwkÿY †k‡l iYv½‡Y wM‡q hy× Ki‡Z ïiæ Ki‡j cÖ_g e¨vP

evsjv‡`‡k †diZ †`‡e| A_©vr Avgv‡ì GKUv e¨vP‡K me mgqB wcGjI Gi

n‡q hy× Ki‡Z n‡e|

81 82

Avgv‡ì wegv‡b K‡i †jevb‡b wb‡q hvIqv Ges XvKvq wb‡q Avmvi e¨q

wcGjI enb Ki‡e| Avgv‡ì hviv hy× Ki‡e Zv‡ì wcGjI †eZb †`‡e|

mg‡q mg‡q mKj wel‡q e½eÜz †kL gywRe Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K

Rvbv‡bv n‡jv Ges Zvi civgk© †bqv n‡jv| wcGjI Gi mv‡_ êV‡Ki wm×všÍ

Abyhvqx cÖ_g e¨vP‡K 1982 mv‡ji †g gv‡mi †kl mßv‡n †jevb‡b cvwV‡q †`qv

n‡jv|

cÖ_g e¨vP mvgwiK cÖwkÿY †k‡l BmivBj mxgv‡šÍ wM‡q wcGjI Gi c‡ÿ

hy× Ki‡Z jvMj| Gw`‡K wØZxq e¨vP †jevb‡b hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z n‡jv| Ggb

mgq BmivBj AvµgY K‡i †jevbbB `Lj K‡i wbj| Avgv‡ì mKj †hv×v

BmivBjx‡ì nv‡Z e›`x n‡jv| Avgv‡ì me cwiKíbv I Kg©m~Px †f‡ Í †Mj|

Avgv‡ì †hv×v‡ì gv-evev AvZ¥xq¯Rb mevB KvbœvKvwU ïiæ Kij| gywRe Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv †egvjyg me fz‡j †M‡jb| wbtkã bxie _vK‡jb| Avgv‡ì

†Q‡j‡ì e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bvw`b Avi †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡jb bv| AZtci AwZ K‡ó

cvwK Ívb †iWµm–Gi gva¨‡g BmivB‡ji nv‡Z e›`x Avgv‡ì †hv×v‡ì †`‡k

wdwi‡q Avbv n‡jv|

Gikv`‡K ÿgZv MÖn‡Yi Avgš¿Y

Gw`‡K AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †mbvevwnbx cÖavb

†Rbv‡ij GBP, Gg Gikv`‡K ivóªxq ÿgZv `L‡ji cyY©v½ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z

_v‡Kb|

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv RbM‡Yi cÿ †_‡K †Rbv‡ij Gikv`‡K ÿgZv

`L‡ji e¨vcv‡i me©cÖKvi mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZvi Avk¦vm w`‡Z _v‡Kb| wbe©vwPZ

ivóªcwZ I miKvi DrLvZ K‡i mvgwiK evwnbxi ivóªxq ÿgZv `Lj Kivi

e¨vcv‡i †Rbv‡ij Gikv` Ges e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi Pvi-cuvP `dv †Mvcb

êVK AbywôZ nq|

AZtci †Rbv‡ij Gikv` mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìv‡bi BwZnv‡m bwRiwenxb „óvšÍ

¯’vcb K‡i ÿgZv `L‡ji A‡bK Av‡MB XvKv †mbvwbev‡m msev`c‡Îi

m¤úv`‡Ki êVK †W‡K mvgwiK Af‚¨Ìv‡bi †NvlYv †`b|

1982 mv‡ji gv‡P©i 24 ZvwiL †Rbv‡ij Gikv` webv evavq webv ev‡K¨

RbMY KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ Avãym mvËvi‡K ivóªcwZ feb e½feb

†_‡K Mjv av°v w`‡q †ei K‡i †`b Ges c‡ii w`b Avevi Kjvi a‡i wb‡q G‡m

†iwWI-†Uwjwfk‡b wb‡Ri A‡hvM¨Zv I Zvi miKv‡ii ~b©xwZ-¯RbcÖxwZ BZ¨vw`

Kvi‡Y †¯”Qvq †mbvevwnbx cÖavb Gikv‡ì wbKU ÿgZv n ÍvšÍi K‡i wZwb

(ivóªcwZ mvËvi) we`vq wb‡jb G g‡g© fvlY w`‡Z eva¨ K‡i| AkxwZtci e„×

A_e© ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ Avãym mvËvi cÖvYf‡q Kvcyiæ‡li g‡Zv wbi‡e wbtk‡ã

cÖvY wb‡q we`vq wb‡jb| †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij ûmvBb gynv¤§`

Gikv` †`‡k mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Ki‡jb Ges wZwb ¯qs n‡jb cÖavb mvgwiK

AvBb cÖkvmK I wePvicwZ G, Gd, Gg nvmvbDjøv †PŠayix‡K Ki‡jb

ÿgZvwenxb bvggvÎ ivóªcwZ| †kL nvwmbvi †Mvcb Avgš¿‡Y I mn‡hvwMZvq

†Rbv‡ij Gikv` me©gq ÿgZvi gvwjK n‡q RMÏj cv_‡ii b¨vq RbM‡Yi ey‡K

†P‡c emj|

1983–Gi ga¨ †de ªæqvwi‡Z QvÎ nZ¨v

eQi bv Nyi‡ZB cÖavb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK †Rbv‡ij Gikv` Avi e½eÜz

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi †Mvcb AvZv‡Zi gv‡S †Mvcb we‡iva m„wó n‡jv| 1983

mv‡ji Rvbyqvwii †kl mßv‡n †kL nvwmbvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` Avjx wgqvi

gnvLvjx ’ AvYweK kw³ Kwgk‡bi miKvwi evmfe‡b †kL nvwmbv e‡jb,

†jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij Gikv` nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq Avi _vK‡Z Pv‡”Q bv| Avgvi

nv‡Zi gy‡Vv †_‡K LvUvmUv µgk †ewi‡q hv‡”Q| I‡K nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq †cv³ K‡i

AvU‡K ivLv ìKvi|

cÖavb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK Gikv`‡K nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq ivLvi Rb¨ †kL

nvwmbv bvgKv Iqv‡ Í f‚qv GK QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi cwiKíbv nvwRi K‡i e‡jb,

GB QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡b Aek¨B QvÎ wbnZ n‡Z n‡e| †h K‡iB †nvK QvÎ

Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g QvÎ nZ¨v n‡ZB n‡e|

QvÎ nZ¨v n‡j QvÎ Av‡›`vjb Pv½v n‡e| Avi QvÎ Av‡›`vjb Pv½v _vK‡jB

†Kej wmGgGjG †Rbv‡ij Gikv`‡K nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq k³fv‡e ivLv hv‡e| †kL

nvwmbv QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g QvÎ nZ¨vi KwVb wb‡ ©k I cwiKíbv w`‡jb|

†Kv‡bv AvZZvqx ev AÁvZ NvZ‡Ki nv‡Z QvÎ nZ¨v n‡j KvR n‡e bv| QvÎ

nZ¨v n‡e kvmK Gikv‡ì †g‡jUvwi A_ev cywj‡ki nv‡Z| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv ej‡jb, UvKv hvB jv¸K, GUv Ki‡ZB n‡e| Kxfv‡e GB cwiKíbv

ev¯ÍevwqZ Kiv hvq mevB G wb‡q Lye e¨ Í Ges wPwšÍZ|

†hvMv‡hvM n‡jv c¨viv †g‡jUvwi Uªycm Avg© cywj‡ki †Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi

(wmwbqi Gmwc) nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹‡ii m‡½| GB nvwdRyi j¯‹i cywj‡ki

83 84

Awdmvi n‡qI `xN©w`b hveZ GbGmAvB (b¨vkbvj wmwKDwiwU Bw›Uwj‡R›U ev

ivóªxq wbivcËv †Mv‡q›`v) Gi †WcywU wW‡i±i c‡` NvcwU †g‡i e‡mwQ‡jb|

Gikv` ÿgZvq G‡mB nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i‡K GB e‡j GbGmAvB †_‡K

†SwU‡q we`vq K‡i‡Qb †h, Zzwg cywj‡ki †jvK n‡q GLv‡b Kx Ki? hvI

cywj‡ki †cvlvK c‡i iv Ívq †Pvi ai| e‡jB GbGmAvB–Gi †WcywU wW‡i±‡ii

c` †_‡K nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i‡K †mvRv Avg© cywj‡ki ZrKvjxb †nW‡KvqvU©vi

14bs wgicy‡i †Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi c‡` e`jx K‡i cvwV‡q †`q| GB Kvi‡Y Avg©

cywj‡ki †Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi (cywj‡ki wmwbqi Gmwc) nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i

†Rbv‡ij Gikv` I Zvi mvgwiK kvm‡bi weiæ‡× LyeB PUv I êix wQ‡jb| Gi

Dci wQj bM` A‡_©i †Uvc| Gikv‡ì cÖwZ fqvbK †ÿcv I weivMfvRb Ges

bM` A‡_©i †Uvc yB‡q wg‡j, QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g QvÎ nZ¨vi cÖ Íve Avmv

gvÎ m‡½ m‡½ nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i cÖ Íve MÖnY Ki‡jb| GbGmAvB–Gi

g~jZt KvR n‡”Q Kviv miKv‡ii weiæ×vPviY K‡i Zv‡ì wj÷ ev ZvwjKv ˆZwi

K‡i miKvi‡K mieivn Kiv Ges miKv‡ii cZb n‡j, m‡½ m‡½ cZb n‡q

hvIqv miKv‡ii Avg‡ji ˆZwi Kiv mg Í bw_cÎ cywo‡q aŸsm K‡i †d‡j bZzb

mv`v dvBj wb‡q bZzb miKv‡ii Kv‡Q nvwRi nIqv|

31†k †g, 1981 †cÖwm‡W›U wRqvDi ingvb wbnZ n‡j GbGmAvB–Gi

Kg©KZ©vMY wRqv ev weGbwc miKv‡ii Avg‡j ˆZwi Kiv mg Í bw_cÎ cywo‡q

†dj‡Z hvq| wKš‘ †hB gyn~‡Z© bw_c‡Î AwMœms‡hvM Ki‡Z hv‡e wVK †mB gyn ~‡Z©

Dc-ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ mvËvi A ’vqx ivóªcwZ c‡` AwawôZ nb| A_©vr weGbwc

miKviB wU‡K hvq| d‡j GbGmAvB Kg©KZ©vMY bw_cÎ cywo‡q bv †d‡j Avevi

Zv msMÖnkvjvq hZœ K‡i Zz‡j iv‡Lb| Dc-ivóªcwZ mvËvi A¯’vqx ivóªcwZ n‡jI

g~jZt ÿgZv P‡j hvq †mbvevwnbx cÖavb ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv‡ì nv‡Z| †mB

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†_‡K nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i‡ì †SwU‡q we`vq K‡i| Avi †mB Kvi‡YB Ges

bM` A‡_©i wewbg‡q nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i Ms †Rbv‡ij Gikv` I Zvi mvgwiK

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†Kv‡bv cÖKv‡i †Kv‡bv iK‡g QvÎ‡ì GKUv wgwQj evsjv GKv‡Wwgi `wÿ‡Y,

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QvÎ nZ¨vi `vwqZ¡ Avg© cywj‡ki †Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹‡ii| GB

bxj-bKkv Abyhvqx wgwQj wb‡q Avmvi cÖv_wgK `vwqZ¡ c‡o RMbœv_ nj QvÎ

msm‡ì wRGm Kv‡`wiqv evwnbxi m`m¨ wbiÄb miKvi ev”Pz, mvab miKvi,

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wgwQ‡ji c‡ÿ gZ †`b|

†deªæqvwi gv‡mi wØZxq mßv‡ni cÖ_‡gB wgwQ‡ji ZvwiL wba©viY n‡jv Ges

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QvÎ wgwQj ïiæ n‡jv| Gw`‡K wkï GKv‡Wwgi Kv‡Q Avg© cywjk wb‡q wgwQ‡j

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85 86

hvIqvi Kg©m~Px wbwðZ Kiv n‡jv Ges bM` A_© cÖ`vb Kiv n‡j wZwbI

(nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹i) QvÎ nZ¨vi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z e‡j P‚ovšÍfv‡e Rvbvb|

ivZ 11:00 UvKvq XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi RMbœv_ n‡ji G¨v‡m¤wj wewìs–G

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m¤úvw`Kv bvwn` Avwgb Lvb, mvab miKvi, hvè, we y¨r cÖgyL‡K AvMvgxKvj

1jv dvêyb †gvZv‡eK 14B †deªæqvwi 1983 mKv‡ji QvÎ wgwQj I QvÎ nZ¨v

m¤ú‡K© we ÍvwiZ Rvbv‡bv I Av‡jvPbv †k‡l wm×všÍ nq †h, QvÎ‡bZv dRjyi

ingvb, evnvjyj gRbyb Pzbœymn cÖMwZkxj QvÎ‡bZv I †bZ…Z¡ ’vbxq Kg©xiv †Kv‡bv

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eë¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|

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emšÍ| FZzi ivRv em‡šÍi GB mgxi‡Y AvR mevB D‡ØwjZ| evOvwj igYxiv

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AeMvnY Ki‡Z| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †iv‡Kqv I mvgmybœvnvi n‡ji QvÎxiv Lye

†fvi †_‡KB jvj †c‡o evmwšÍ iO‡qi kvwi c‡i emšÍ Drm‡e †g‡Z D‡V‡Q|

emšÍ DrmegyLi wek¦we`¨vjq| jvj cvo njy` e‡Y©i kvwo c‡i †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv

QvÎx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi K¨v¤úvm †Q‡o g‡bi gvby‡li mv‡_ emšÍ Drme Ki‡Z ~i-

~iv‡šÍ P‡j hv‡”Q| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKvq jvj †c‡o njy` kvwoi mgv‡ivn|

AvwR G em‡šÍ ... mevB em‡šÍi †`vjvq yj‡Q| †KD Rv‡b bv GKUz c‡i wK

NU‡Z hv‡”Q| †K wbnZ n‡Z hv‡”Q| †Kvb † œngqx gvZvi eyK Lvwj n‡”Q| †Kvb

wcZv mšÍvbnviv n‡”Q| †ejv 10:00 Uvi w`‡K Kjvfe‡bi mvg‡b Aciv‡Rq

evsjvi cv`‡`‡k wgwQ‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ QvÎiv Rgv‡qZ n‡Z ïiæ K‡i| GKwU †gvUi

mvB‡Kj avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i †kL nvwmbv, wek¦we`¨vjq Ges Avg© cywj‡ki nvwdRyi

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ªæZ MwZ‡Z 32 b¤‡i †kL nvwmbv I wkï GKv‡Wwgi c~e© cv‡k Ae ’vbiZ Avg©

cywj‡ki †Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹‡ii Kv‡Q wek¦we`¨vj‡qi me©‡kl

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me wKQzB wVKVvK Pj‡Z jvMj| QvÎ wgwQj AvYweK kw³ Kwgkb ch©šÍ GwM‡q

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P‡j †Mj avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i| yRb QvÎ nZ¨vi mdjZvi msev`wU †kL nvwmbv‡K

w`‡q †gvUi mvB‡KjwU wd‡i G‡jv wek¦we`¨vj‡q|

wek¦we`¨vj‡q †kv‡Ki Qvqv †b‡g G‡m‡Q| †_‡g †M‡Q 1jv dvêy‡bi em‡šÍi

Drme| QvÎiv Zv‡ì wbnZ mv_x Rvdi I Rqbv‡ji jvk Kjv fe‡bi

Aciv‡Rq evsjvi cv`‡`k HwZnvwmK eUZjvq wb‡q G‡m‡Q| weKvj 03:00

Uvq RvbvRv I †kvK mfvi Kg©m~PxUv 32 b¤‡i w`‡j, ycyi 02:00 Uv bvMv`

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eUZjv Av‡mb Ges Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi)

`xN© cÖwZwÿZ wbnZ QvÎ‡ì jvk †`‡L iægvj w`‡q Pÿz †gvQvi fve Ki‡Z

Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv Kg©m~Px bv w`‡qB wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKv Z¨vM K‡ib| †kv‡K w¤ªqgvY

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mvgmybœvnvi n‡ji QvÎxiv wek¦we`¨vjq K¨v¤úv‡m wd‡i G‡m QvÎ nZ¨vi NUbvq

†kv‡K wenŸj n‡q eUZjvi †kvKmfvq mg‡eZ nq|

†kL nvwmbv wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKv Z¨vM K‡i wM‡qB mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK

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Kg©m~Px †`qv n‡e bv GB g‡g© †kL nvwmbvi Kv‡Q †_‡K wbðqZv I Avk¦vm

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nvgjvi gy‡L QvÎ nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` eUZjvq AbywôZ RvbvRv I †kvK mfvq

mg‡eZ QvÎQvÎxiv w`wM¦w`K Ávbk~b¨ n‡q †ùŠov‡Z _v‡K| wKš‘ †hw`‡KB †ùŠovq

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nvRvi †m‡Ûj-RyZv c‡o _vKv Qvov †Kv‡bv gvby‡li wPý _v‡K bv|

87 88

Rvdi I Rqbv‡ji jvk ywU AwZK‡ó QvÎiv aivawi K‡i m~h©‡mb n‡j wb‡q

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cywjk Avi †mbvevwnbx| gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ cywjk Avi Avwg© n‡ji †KwP †MU †f‡½

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n‡ji †`vZjv †_‡K GK jvd w`‡q coj n‡ji Avw½bvq| Avi Agwb kKz‡bi

`j †hgwb giv Miæ wN‡i a‡i Lvq †Zgwb cywj‡ki `j †gvUi mvB‡Kj

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†e‡M Qz‡U Pjj m~h©‡mb n‡ji evDÛvwi cÖvPx‡ii w`‡K| †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx

†ùŠov‡”Q Av‡M Av‡M, wcQ‡b wcQ‡b kKz‡bi Kuv‡Ki b¨vq †ùŠov‡”Q Avi wcUv‡”Q

cywjk I Avwg©| cwi wK gwi K‡i GK jv‡d m~h©‡mb n‡ji cÖvPxi Uc‡K KvUveb

Avi cjvwki iv Ívq wM‡q coj †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx| †mLvb †_‡K avbgwÐ

32 b¤‡i wM‡q †kL nvwmbv‡K bv †c‡q AvYweK kw³ Kwgk‡bi cwiPvjK †kL

nvwmbvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi gnvLvjx ’ miKvwi evmfe‡b wM‡q †kL

nvwmbvi cv‡R‡iv wRc cvIqv †M‡jI †kL nvwmbv‡K cvIqv †Mj bv| †kL

nvwmbvi wcÖq Ges wek¦vmx eveyP©x igvKvšÍi KvQ †_‡K Rvbv †Mj wZwb (†kL

nvwmbv) KvD‡K mv‡_ bv wb‡q AcwiwPZ GKwU cÖvB‡fU Kvi–G K‡i AcwiwPZ

GKgvÎ PvjK Av‡ivnxi mv‡_ †eviKv c‡o AÁvZ ’v‡b P‡j wM‡q‡Qb|

Gw`‡K wek¦we`¨vj‡qi me¸‡jv n‡ji †MU I ìRv †f‡½ cywjk Ges

†g‡jUvwi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK, Kg©Pvix Ges QvÎ‡ì †eaiK gviwcU I †MÖßvi

K‡i mvivivZ †Lvjv AvKv‡ki wb‡P ewm‡q iv‡L Ges wbnZ QvÎ Rvdi I

Rqbv‡ji jvk wb‡q hvq| ejv evûj¨, H mgq (1983 mv‡j) †eMg Lv‡j`v

wRqv Ges Zvi `j weGbwc–Gi mvsMVwbK †Kv‡bv Aw¯ÍZ¡ wQj bv| d‡j †eMg

Lv‡j`v wRqv QvÎ nZ¨vi ci wek¦we`¨vj‡qI Av‡mbwb| mvgwiK ˆ¯ivPvi

†Rbv‡ij Gikv` Ges Zvi mvgwiK AvB‡bi weiæ‡× wPi msMÖv‡gi HwZnëvnx

mnR mij cÖvY G‡`‡ki QvÎ mgv‡Ri cÖ_g Av‡›`vjb, cÖ_g we‡ ªvn Ges

AvZ¥`vb| ivR‰bwZK †bZ…‡Z¡i e¨_©Zv Ges †kL nvwmbvi cvZv‡bv

Av‡cvlKvwgZvi Kvi‡Y m¤ú~Y© e¨_©Zvq ch©ewmZ nq| e„_v n‡q hvq Rvdi I

Rqbv‡ji AvZ¥`vb| mvgwiK ˆ¯ivPvi †Rbv‡ij ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv` wbwð‡šÍ,

wbwe©‡Nœ, wbf©vebvq ÿgZvq e‡m _v‡K| ivR‰bwZK †bZ…‡Z¡i Afv‡e QvÎ mgvR

w`‡knviv n‡q †bwZ‡q hvq| G‡`‡ki Av‡›`vjb msMÖvg–Gi g~j PvwjKv kw³

AvIqvgx jxM Ges Zvi †bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K g¨v‡bR K‡i †`v ©Ð

cÖZv‡c Pj‡Z _v‡K Gikv‡ì mvgwiK kvmb|

†mwjg I †`‡jvqvi nZ¨v

eQi Ny‡i G‡jv 1984 mvj| Avevi wd‡i G‡jv fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi knx‡ì

gvm, †deªæqvwi gvm| AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx, e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi bZzb eQ‡ii wb‡ ©k, Gikv‡ì weiæ‡× Avev‡iv QvÎ Av‡›`vjb Ki‡Z

n‡e|

03iv †deªæqvwi 1984 mvj| avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡b weKvj

04:00 Uvq emj GK iæ×Øvi êVK| êV‡K †bÎx †h †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡iB †nvK QvÎ

Av‡›`vjb Kivi K‡Vvi wb‡ ©k w`‡jb| ïiæ n‡jv Avevi QvÎ nZ¨vi bZzb

cwiKíbv| GKw`‡K Pj‡Z jvMj QvÎ nZ¨vKvix cywjk Awdmvi nvwdRyi ingvb

j¯‹i‡ì fvov Kivi KvR| Ab¨w`‡K Pj‡Z jvMj mvaviY QvÎ‡ì †ÿwc‡q

Zz‡j QvÎ Av‡›`vjb msMwVZ Kivi KvR|

†kL nvwmbvi cÖZ¨ÿ wb‡ ©k I ZË¡veav‡b LyeB ªæZ QvÎ nZ¨vKvix cywjk

Awdmvi‡ì fvov Kivi KvR m¤ú~Y© n‡jv| wKš‘ QvÎ‡ì Av‡›`vjb Kivi Rb¨

msMwVZ Kiv m¤úbœ n‡jv bv| bvbvfv‡e eû Kig †Póv Z`wei K‡iI QvÎ‡ì

Av‡›`vj‡b kixK Kiv †Mj bv|

†MvUv QvÎ mgvRB Gikv‡ì we‡ivax| wKš‘ Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ‡kœ, Av‡›`vj‡bi

†bZ…‡Z¡i cÖ‡kœ QvÎ mgvR †kL nvwmbv Ges AvIqvgx jxM‡K wek¦vm Kij bv|

†eMg wRqv Ges weGbwc–i ZL‡bv †Zgb †Kv‡bv Aw¯ÍZ¡ Abyfe Kiv hvqwb|

w`b Mwo‡q hvq, wKš‘ QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi †Zgb †Kv‡bv jÿY †`Lv hv‡”Q bv|

Gw`‡K nZ¨vKvix cywj‡kiv 1983–Gi ga¨ †deªæqvwi‡Z msMwVZ QvÎ nZ¨vi

Abyiƒc cwiKíbv I Kg©m~Px nv‡Z wb‡q Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡cÿv Ki‡Q Ges MZ

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hvq wKš‘ Av‡›`vj‡bi Lei †bB| GK ch©v‡q Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv A‰ah© n‡q

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wek¦we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i Avm‡Z cvijvg bv| d‡j MZ 1983–Gi ga¨ †deªæqvwii

b¨vq QvÎ nZ¨v m¤¢e bv nIqvq QvÎ nZ¨vi aiY cvëv‡bv n‡jv|

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Avg© cywj‡ki †Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi cywj‡ki wmwbqi Gmwc nvwdRyi ingvb

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mvaviY QvÎ †Zv ~‡ii K_v QvÎjx‡Mi †bZvKg©xivB wgwQ‡j Avm‡Z Pvq bv|

Gw`‡K †bÎxi Kov wb‡ ©k QvÎjx‡Mi GKUv LÛ wgwQj wb‡q n‡jI

wek¦we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i †h‡Z n‡e, bB‡j †Zvgv‡ì `vwqZ¡ †_‡K we`vq wb‡Z

n‡e| 28†k †deªæqvwi wek¦we`¨vjq K¨v¤úvm–Gi evB‡i hvIqvi wm×všÍ n‡jv

Ges h_vixwZ GB wm×všÍ Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K Rvbv‡bv n‡j †kL

nvwmbvi gva¨‡g GB msev` nvwdRyi ingvb j¯‹‡ii gvidZ ivqU cywj‡ki

NvZK‡ì Rvbv‡bv n‡jv|

28†k †deªæqvwi 1984, nVvr 30/40 Rb Qv‡Îi GKUv wgwQj wek¦we`¨vjq

GjvKv Z¨vM K‡i PvbLvicyj n‡q dzjevwoqv evm÷¨vÛ Gi w`‡K `ªæZ †h‡Z

_vMj| GB wgwQ‡ji †cQ‡b †cQ‡b c~e© cwiKíbv Abyhvqx ivqU cywj‡ki GKwU

jwi Avm‡Z jvMj|

eySv †Mj GBevi mvg‡b †_‡K QvÎ nZ¨v Kiv n‡e bv| nZ¨v Kiv n‡e

wgwQ‡ji †cQb †_‡K| hviv GB cwiKíbv AewnZ Zviv hZUv m¤¢e wgwQ‡ji

mvg‡b _vK‡Z jvMj| †gvUvgywU wgwQ‡ji A‡b‡KB Rv‡b †cQb †_‡K wgwQ‡j

AvµgY Kiv n‡e| ivqU cywj‡ki jwi †_‡KB AvµgY Kiv n‡e| Z‡e ivqU

cywj‡ki jwi †_‡K ¸wj Kiv n‡e, bv Ab¨ †Kv‡bvfv‡e AvµgY Kiv n‡e GUv

†KD RvbZ bv| ZLb we‡Kj 05:00 Uv, ÿz ª QvÎ wgwQjwU wbgZjx cvi n‡q

dzjevwoqv evm÷¨v‡Û †XvKvi m‡½ m‡½ ivqU cywjk Zv‡ì jwiwU we y¨r MwZ‡Z

wgwQ‡ji Dci Zz‡j w`‡jv| wgwQ‡ji wcQb w`‡K _vKv †mwjg gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨

cywj‡ki PvKvq wcó n‡q †Mj| evwK mevB iv¯Ívi yB w`‡K wQU‡K c‡o cÖv‡Y

euvP‡jI †`‡jvqvi †mvRv †ùŠov‡Z jvMj| cÖvYf‡q †`‡jvqvi † uŠovq Av‡M,

†`‡jvqv‡ii cÖvY ea Ki‡Z †cQ‡b ªæZ QzU‡Q ivqU cywj‡ki jwi|

wgwbU y‡qK–Gi g‡a¨B †`‡jvqv‡ii †`n PvKvq wc‡l iv¯Ívi mv‡_ wgwk‡q

†`q cywj‡ki jwi| †`‡jvqv‡ii †`n Ggbfv‡e iv Ívi mv‡_ wgwk‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q

†h, GUv †h †`‡jvqv‡ii †`n Zv †evSv‡Zv ~‡ii K_v, GUv †h GKUv gvby‡li

†`n ZvB eySv hv‡”Q bv| Avi †cQ‡b wcP Xvjv iv Ívi mv‡_ †_Z‡j wg‡k Av‡Q

†mwj‡gi †`n|

avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡b msev‡ì Rb¨ Awai AvMÖ‡n DrmyK n‡q

e‡q _vKv e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx, mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K ivqU cywj‡ki PvKvq

wcó n‡q †mwjg Ges †`‡jvqv‡ii wbnZ nIqvi msev`wU †cuŠQvj †gvUi mvB‡Kj

Av‡ivnx|

QvÎjx‡Mi yBRb †bZvi wbnZ nIqvi msev` ï‡b †kL nvwmbv cyjwKZ

n‡q Avbw›`Z n‡q e‡j DV‡jb, mvevm|

Zvici Mvwoi WªvBfvi Rvjvj‡K ej‡jb, Rvjvj Mvwo jvMvI Avwg evB‡i

hve|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx m‡½ †h‡Z PvB‡j †bÎx ej‡jb, †Zvgiv GK KvR

K‡iv, AvMvgxKvj mKv‡j 32 b¤‡i mevB Av‡mv| AvR mevB P‡j hvI|

ciw`b mKv‡j 32 b¤‡i wM‡q †bÎx‡K bv †c‡q †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx

†mvRv gnvLvjx P‡j wM‡q WªvBfvi Rvjvj Ges cv‡R‡iv wRc †`L‡Z †c‡q

wbwðZ n‡jv †bÎx GLv‡bB Av‡Qb| wKš‘ N‡i wM‡q †bÎx‡K bv †c‡q eveywP©

igvKv‡šÍi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z cvij †bÎx AÁvZ Mvwo Pvj‡Ki m‡½ AÁvZ ¯’v‡b

wM‡q‡Qb A‡bK †fv‡i| ycyi 01:00 Uvi w`‡K wd‡i G‡m †bÎx LvIqv-`vIqv

K‡i †mvRv P‡j G‡jb avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡ii e½eÜz fe‡b| QvÎjx‡Mi †ek wKQz

†bZv weKvj 03:00 Uvq avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡b G‡m mfv‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi Kv‡Q QvÎjxM †bZv †mwjg I †`‡jvqvi‡K cywj‡ki jwii PvKvq wcó

K‡i wbg©g I wbôzifv‡e nZ¨v Kivi cÖwZev‡` mvgwiK GKbvqK ˆ¯ivPvix

Gikv‡ì weiæ‡× Zxeª Av‡›`vjb Kivi Kg©m~Px PvB‡j mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv GB

e‡j QvÎ‡bZv‡ì kvšÍbv †`b †h, Avgv‡ì g~j kÎæ wRqvDi ingvb Ges Zvi

`j weGbwc| wRqv †Zv †kl| †Rbv‡ij Gikv` weGbwc–Gi KvQ †_‡K wKQzw`b

n‡jv ÿgZv `Lj K‡i‡Q| Avgv‡ì cÖavb KvR weGbwc‡K wPiZ‡i †kl K‡i

†`qv| GB gyn~‡Z© Avgiv †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì weiæ‡× mivmwi hve bv| Avgv‡ì

g~j kÎæ weGbwc GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| QvÎ‡bZviv †mwjg I †`‡jvqv‡ii nZ¨vi

Rb¨ Av‡eM AvcøyZ n‡j †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, Av‡eMcÖeY n‡q jvf †bB| mgq

n‡jB G‡ì cwievi‡K cywl‡q †`qv n‡e|

QvÎ‡bZviv †Kv‡bv iKg Kg©m~Px QvovB fMœ ü`‡q e½eÜz feb Z¨vM Kij|

†`k‡`ªvnx Amf¨ evwnbx

03iv †g 1984–Gi GK cošÍ we‡K‡j avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡ii e½eÜz fe‡b

e‡m Mí Ki‡Qb e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvmn K‡qKRb| M‡í M‡í

91 92

71–Gi gyw³hy× I cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbx cÖm½ DVj| cÖm½ DVj 1971–Gi

gyw³hy‡×i g‡a¨ w`‡q M‡o IVv evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi K_v|

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbx m¤ú‡K© ej‡jb, GUv GKUv

†mbvevwnbx n‡jv? GUv GKUv ee©i, biwcPvk, D”Q…•Lj, †jvfx, †eqvè evwnbx|

GB evwnbxi AvbyMZ¨ †bB, k„•Ljv †bB, gvbweKZv †bB, gvb¨MY¨ †bB, †bB

†`k‡cÖg| GUv GKUv †`k‡ ªvnx Amf¨ nv‡qbvi evwnbx| †Zvgiv cvwK Ívb

†mbvevwnbxi K_v e‡jv| mvov we‡k¦ cvwK Ívb †mbvevwnbxi g‡Zv GZ f ª, b¤ª,

mZ¨, webqx Ges AvbyMZ¨kxj Lyu‡R cvIqv hv‡e bv| wK Am¤¢e mf¨ Avi bg¨

Zviv|

cuwP‡k gvP© iv‡Z Zviv (cvwK¯Ívb Avwg©) G‡jv, G‡m AveŸv‡K (e½eÜz †kL

gywRe) †mjyU Kij, gv‡K †mjyU Kij, Avgv‡KI †mjyU Kij| †mjyU K‡i Zviv

ejj, m¨vi Avgiv G‡mwQ ïay Avcbv‡ì wbivcËv †`qvi Rb¨| Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

wKQzi Rb¨ bq| Avcbviv hLb Lywk, †hLv‡b Lywk †h‡Z cvi‡eb| †h †KD

Avcbvi GLv‡b Avm‡Z cvi‡e| Avgiv ïay Avcbv‡ì wbivcËv wbwðZ Kie|

Avcbviv evB‡i †M‡j Avcbv‡ì wbivcËvi Rb¨ Avgiv Avcbv‡ì m‡½ hve|

†KD Avcbv‡ì GLv‡b G‡j Avgiv Zv‡K fv‡jvfv‡e Zjøvkx K‡i Zvici XzK‡Z

†`‡ev| GmeB Kiv n‡e Avcbv‡ì wbivcËvi Rb¨| mwZ¨B cvwK Ívwb

†mbvevwnbx hv K‡i‡Q Zv m¤ú~Y© Avgv‡ì wbivcËvi Rb¨B K‡i‡Q| 26†k gvP©

ycy‡i AveŸv‡K (†kL gywRe) hLb cvwK Ívwb Avwg©iv wb‡q hvq, ZLb †Rbv‡ij

wU°v Lvb wb‡R G‡m AveŸv‡K I gv‡K †mjyU w`‡q Av`‡ei mv‡_ uvwo‡q web‡qi

mv‡_ AveŸv‡K (†kL gywRe‡K) e‡j, m¨vi Avcbv‡K †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb

Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wb‡q †h‡Z e‡j‡Qb| Avwg Avcbv‡K wb‡q †h‡Z G‡mwQ|

Avcbv‡K †bqvi Rb¨ we‡kl wegvb ˆZwi (†¯úkvj d¬vBU †iwW)| Avcwb ˆZwi

n‡q †bb Ges Avcwb B‡”Q Ki‡j g¨vWvg (†eMg gywRe) mn †h KvD‡K m‡½

wb‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib| AveŸv gvÕi m‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡i GKvB †M‡jb| cvwK¯ Ívb

Avwg© hZw`b wWDwU K‡i‡Q G‡m cÖ_‡gB †mjyU w`‡q‡Q|

ïay ZvB bq, Avgvi `v`xi mvgvb¨ R¡i n‡qwQj| cvwK¯Ívwbiv †nwjKÞvi

K‡i Uzw½cvov †_‡K `v`x‡K XvKv G‡b wcwR nvmcvZv‡j wPwKrmv Kwi‡q‡Q| Rq

(†kL nvwmbvi †Q‡j) ZLb †c‡U, Avgv‡K cÖwZ mßv‡n wmGgGBP (mw¤§wjZ

mvgwiK nvmcvZvj) wb‡q †PKAvc Kiv‡Zv| Rq nIqvi GKgvm Av‡M Avgv‡K

wmGgGBP–G fwZ© Kwi‡q‡Q| 1971 mv‡j Rq Rb¥ nIqvi ci cvwK Ívb Avwg©iv

Lywk‡Z wgwó ev‡Uvqviv K‡i‡Q Ges Rq nIqvi mg Í LiP cvwK ÍvwbivB enb

K‡i‡Q| Avgiv †hLv‡b Lywk †hZvg| cvwK¯Ívwbiv yB wRc K‡i Avgv‡ì mv‡_

†hZ| wbivcËvi Rb¨ cvnviv w`Z|

Avi evsjv‡`‡ki Avwg©iv| Rv‡bvqv‡ii `j, Agvby‡li `j| GB Agvbyl

Rv‡bvqv‡iiv Avgvi evev-gv-fvB mevB‡K †g‡i‡Q–G‡ì †hb aŸsm nq|

gmwR` mwi‡q †djyb

1986 mv‡ji ïiæ †_‡K e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Avevi QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi

Rb¨ bZzb K‡i ZvwM` w`‡Z _vK‡jb| eû PvcvPvwc, agKvagwK Ges ZvwM`

†`qv m‡Ë¡I hLb Av‡›`vj‡bi we› ywemM©I n‡jv bv ZLb wZwb †i‡M †g gv‡mi

gvSvgvwS Zvi Rb¥f‚wg Ges wcZvi evwo Uzw½cvovq P‡j †M‡jb Ges †ek

wKQzw`b Uzw½cvovq _vK‡jb| GiB g‡a¨ GKw`b †kL evwoi (†kL nvwmbvi

wb‡Ri evwoi) wKQz gyieŸxmn Uzw½cvov MÖv‡gi 20/30 Rb gyieŸx G‡m †kL

nvwmbvi As‡ki GKwU bvwi‡Kj MvQ Øviv †kL evwoi Ab¨ kix‡Ki RvqMvq

wbwg©Z gmwR`wU ÿwZMÖ ’ n‡”Q Rvwb‡q †mB bvwi‡Kj MvQwU †K‡U †djvi cÖ Íve

Ki‡j, †kL nvwmbv mivmwi e‡j †`b Avgvi bvwi‡Kj MvQ KvUv n‡e bv| ìKvi

n‡j gmwR` mwi‡q †d‡jb| ZLb mKj gyieŸx cweÎ KziAvb cv‡K gmwR`

miv‡bv wb‡la Av‡Q e‡j gmwR‡ì †`qvj I ¯’vb †Nu‡l _vKv †kL nvwmbvi

RvqMvq Aew ’Z bvwi‡Kj MvQwU †K‡U †djvi Rb¨ evievi Abybq-webq Ki‡Z

_v‡K| ZLb †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, GB gmwR` eÜ K‡i †`b| Avwg Av‡iv eo

gmwR` evwb‡q †`‡ev|

gyieŸxiv e‡jb, GKUz evZvm n‡jB bvwi‡Kj MvQwU gmwR‡ì Mv‡q Ges

Qv‡` jvM‡Z _v‡K| GBfv‡e Pj‡j gmwR‡ì Qv` Ges †`qvj AwP‡iB †f‡½

hv‡e|

†kL nvwmbv e‡jb, †f‡½ hvq hvK &, Zv‡Z Avgvi wKQz hvq Av‡m bv|

Avcbviv jÿ eQi KvbœvKvwU Ki‡jI bvwi‡Kj MvQ KvUe bv|

1986–Gi wbe©vPb

1984 mv‡ji 28†k †deªæqvwi QvÎjxM †bZv †mwjg I †`‡jvqvi wbnZ

nIqvi ci e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv hvici bvB †Póv K‡iI Avi QvÎ

Av‡›`vjb Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv| BZëm‡i mvgwiK ˆ¯ivPvi †Rbv‡ij ûmvBb

gynv¤§` Gikv` cvKv‡cv³fv‡e ivóªxq ÿgZv‡K wb‡Ri m¤ú~Y© wbqš¿‡Y wb‡q

93 94

hvq| hwÌ GiB gv‡S wbi‡e wbtk‡ã †eMg wRqvi †bZ…‡Z¡ weGbwc D‡jøL‡hvM¨

GKK ivR‰bwZK kw³‡Z cÖwZwôZ n‡jv|

Gikv` Zvi ÿgZv‡K wbi¼zk K‡iB 1986–†Z msm` wbe©vP‡bi †NvlYv I

cÖ Íve †`b| Gikv‡ì cÖ ÍvweZ msm` wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY Kiv, bv Kivi welq

wb‡q †`‡ki ivR‰bwZK gn‡j I †bZv‡ì g‡a¨ e¨vcK Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv ïiæ

n‡j †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Ges Zvi `j weGbwc–Gi cÿ †_‡K Gikv‡ì

wbe©vPbx duv‡` cv bv w`‡q Gikv` nVvI Av‡›`vjb Kivi cÖ Íve †`q|

ZLb Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ ¸jkv‡bi R‰bK eëmvqx

Gm, AvB †PŠayix (wmivRyj Bmjvg †PŠayix)Õi ¸jkv‡bi evmvq ZrKvjxb

wWwRwWGdAvB (WvB‡i±i †Rbv‡ij Ad wW‡dÝ †dvm© Bw›Uwj‡R›U) weª‡MwWqvi

gvngy yj nvmv‡bi mv‡_ †Mvcb êVK nq| weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj nvmvb †Rbv‡ij

Gikv‡ì cÿ †_‡K e¨w³MZfv‡e †kL nvwmbv‡K wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY Kivi

Aby‡iva K‡ib Ges wbe©vPbx mKj e¨qfvi enb Kivi cÖwZkÖæwZ w`‡j †kL

nvwmbv Av‡›`vj‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e wb©evP‡b AskMÖnY Kivi c‡ÿ gZ †`b| GB

cwiw ’wZ‡Z †`‡ki evgcš’x ivR‰bwZK †bZ…e„‡›ì we‡klZ KwgDwbó cvwU©i

cÖqvZ mvaviY m¤úv`K Kg‡iW dinv‡ì cÖ‡Póvq †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Ges †kL

nvwmbvi gZcv_©K¨ GB †KŠk‡j Kwg‡q Avbv nq †h, wbe©vP‡b ïaygvÎ yB †bÎx

(Lv‡j`v wRqv I †kL nvwmbv) Qvov Avi †KD uvov‡e bv| A_©vr evgcš’x

†bÎxe„›` †eMg wRqv‡K GUv eySv‡Z mg_© nb †h, †eMg wRqv Ges †kL nvwmbv

yÕR‡b †òÕk †òÕk wZbÕk Avm‡b wbe©vP‡b uvov‡eb, Avi evwK mevB wg‡j

yB †bÎx‡K wZbk Avm‡b wRwZ‡q w`‡eb| Zvn‡j MYZvwš¿Kfv‡e wbe©vP‡bi

gva¨‡g mvgwiK ˆ¯îvPvi †Rbv‡ij Gikv`‡K ÿgZvPz¨Z Kiv hv‡e Ges Zv‡Z

K‡i ivR‰bwZK `jmg~‡ni g‡a¨ we‡f` Ges A‰bK m„wó n‡e bv|

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Gikv`‡K ÿgZvPy¨Z Kivi cÖqv‡m yB †bÎx

150 + 150 = 300 Avm‡b wbe©vP‡bi cÖ Ív‡e mvq †`b Ges †kL nvwmbv I

Lv‡j`v wRqv gy‡LvgywL mswÿß êVK K‡ib| wKš‘ ¸jkv‡bi eëmvqx Gm, AvB

†PŠayixi gva¨‡g yB †bÎxi GB †Mvcb wbe©vPbx †KŠk‡ji K_v Gikv‡ì Kv‡Q

†cuŠ‡Q hvq Ges Gikv` ivóªcwZi Aa¨v‡`k Rvwi K‡i †h, GK e¨w³ cuv‡Pi

AwaK ev †ewk Avm‡b wbe©vP‡b uvov‡Z cvi‡e bv|

d‡j yB †bÎxi †òÕk †òÕk wZbÕk Avm‡b wbe©vPb Kivi †KŠkj fzÛj

n‡q hvq| ZLb †eMg wRqv Gikv‡ì wbe©vPbx duv‡` cv bv w`‡q Gikv` cZ‡bi

Av‡›`vj‡bi cy‡iv‡bv Ae ’v‡b P‡j hvb| Gw`‡K ¸jkv‡bi Gm, AvB †PŠayixi

evwo‡Z wWwRwWGdAvB weª‡MwWqvi gvnvgy yj nvmv‡bi mv‡_ †kL nvwmbvi Avevi

êVK nq Ges †mB êV‡K `vwe Kiv nq wbe©vPbx e¨q wn‡m‡e Av‡M †h cwigvY

A_© aiv n‡q‡Q, GLb Zvi wZb¸Y A_© w`‡Z n‡e| wWwRwWGdAvB weª‡MwWqvi

gvnvgy yj nvmvb GK N›Uvi mgq †P‡q P‡j hvb Ges e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡b P‡j Av‡mb| N›Uv yB ci mÜ¨vi w`‡K

eëmvqx Gm, AvB †PŠayix yBwU gvB‡µvevm m‡½ wb‡q 32 b¤‡i G‡m nvwRi|

Gm, AvB †PŠayix Avi †kL nvwmbvi g‡a¨ GK-†ò wgwbU K_v, ZviciB ûKzg

n‡jv ZvovZvwo gvB‡µvevm †_‡K e Ív¸wj bvwg‡q Av‡bv| m‡½ m‡½ gvB‡µvevm

†_‡K gyL †mjvB Kiv †gvU bqwU bZzb e¯Ív bvwg‡q e½eÜz fe‡bi wbPZjvq

jvB‡eªwi Avi †eWiæ‡gi gv‡S †h gv÷vi ev_iæg †mB ev_iæ‡g ivLv n‡jv|

Gici †kL nvwmbv Av‡`k Ki‡jb mvsevw`K m‡¤§j‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z

Ges Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mbmn AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †K› ªxq †bZv‡ì 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz

fe‡b Riæix wfwË‡Z Avm‡Z ejvi Rb¨|

Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mbmn †h mKj †bZv‡ì †Uwj‡dv‡b cvIqv †Mj Zv‡ì

AbwZwej‡¤ e½eÜz fe‡b Avm‡Z ejv n‡jv, wewfbœ cwÎKv Awd‡m †Uwj‡dv‡bi

gva¨‡g Ges mkix‡i wM‡q Riæix msevw`K m‡¤§j‡bi msev` Rvbv‡bv n‡jv|

mvsevw`K m‡¤§j‡bi welqe¯‘ m¤ú‡K© mvsevw`K‡ì wKQz Rvbv‡bv m¤¢e n‡jv bv|

ïay ejv n‡jv Riæix Ges LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvsevw`K m‡¤§jb| Avm‡j mwZ¨ K_v

ej‡Z wK, msevw`K m‡¤§j‡bi welqe ‘ m¤ú‡K© Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mbmn †Kv‡bv

†bZvB wKQz Rv‡bb bv| g~j welqe ‘ m¤ú‡K© Rv‡bb g~jZt Pvi e¨w³ (1) †kL

nvwmbv, (2) eëmvqx Gm, AvB †PŠayix, (3) wWwRwWGdAvB weª‡MwWqi gvnvgy yj

nvmvb Ges (4) cÖavb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK †mbvevwnbx cÖavb ivóªcwZ

†Rbv‡ij ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv`|

AwaK ivZ nIqv m‡Ë¡I eû msL¨K mvsevw`K G‡m Dcw ’Z n‡jv avbgwÐ

32 b¤‡ii e½eÜz fe‡b|

†kL nvwmbv B‡Zvg‡a¨ AvIqvgx jxM †bZv‡ì Gkv‡bi wbe©vP‡b hvIqvi

(AskMÖnY Kivi) wm×všÍ Rvbv‡jb| †bZviv ej‡jb, wbe©vP‡b hve wVK Av‡Q,

wKš‘ GKw`b Avgiv welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kwi, Zvici wm×všÍ †bB|

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Avgv‡ì mgq †bB, ZvovZvwo Ki‡Z n‡e| Lv‡j`v

wRqv Ges Zvi `j weGbwcÕ†K j¨vs †g‡i wbe©vP‡b †h‡Z n‡e–Kv‡RB GUv wb‡q

GZ Av‡jvPbvi ìKvi †bB| evB‡i mvsevw`Kiv e‡m Av‡Q| GLbB wbe©vP‡b

hvIqvi †NvlYv w`‡Z n‡e| e‡jB mivmwi msevw`K‡ì gv‡S G‡m Dcw ’Z

95 96

n‡jb Ges wbe©vP‡b hvIqvi (AskMÖnY Kivi) †NvlYv w`‡jb| Zvi ciw`b Qq

dzU j¤v wZb dzU PIov cuvP Zjv (cuvP ZvK) GKwU w÷‡ji Iqvi‡Wªve Avbv

n‡jv Ges †h ev_iæ‡g †mjvB Kiv e Ív¸‡jv Av‡m †mLv‡b ivLv n‡jv| Zvici

G‡K G‡K e Ív †Lvjv n‡Z jvMj Avi e¯Ívi wfZ‡i _vKv cuvP kZ UvKvi bZzb

evwÛj¸‡jv H w÷‡ji Iqvi‡Wªve (Avjgvwi)–G mvwR‡q ivLv n‡jv| me UvKv

Iqvi‡Wªv‡e bv aivq evwK UvKv Ab¨Î mwi‡q †djv n‡jv|

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GK fvM †kL nvwmbvi †bZ…‡Z¡ †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì cvZv‡bv wbe©vP‡b Rwo‡q

coj| Av‡iK fvM †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi AvnŸv‡b Gikv` cZb I cvZv‡bv

wbe©vPb eR©b I †VKv‡bvi †Póvq iZ n‡jv| †kL nvwmbv me©kw³ w`‡q AvIqvgx

jxM Kg©x‡ì wbe©vP‡b S uvwc‡q covi †Rvi`vi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb,

GB wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡gB AvIqvgx jxM‡K cybivq ÿgZvq wb‡Z n‡e Ges mvgwiK

kvmK Gikv`‡K we`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|

†kL nvwmbvi AvnŸv‡b ¯ZtùzZ©fv‡e RbMY GwM‡q bv G‡jI AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi Kg©x Ges mg_©Kiv ¯ZtùyZ©fv‡e GwM‡q G‡jv| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kg©x

Ges mg_©Kiv mvov †`‡kB GKUv wbe©vPbx cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i Zzjj| H mgqB

wdwjcvB‡b mvgwiK GKbvqK †Rbv‡ij gv‡K©vm–Gi weiæ‡× wbnZ Rb‡bZv wgt

GKzB‡bvi weaev ¿x wg‡mm †KvivRb GKzB‡bv †cÖwm‡W›U c‡` wbe©vP‡b

cÖwZØw›ØZv Ki‡Q| mvov wek¦ wdwjcvB‡bi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Av‡Q| wVK Ggwb

gyn~‡Z© evsjv‡`‡kI mvgwiK kvm‡Ki weiæ‡× MYZvwš¿K wbe©vPb wdwjcvB‡bi

g‡ZvB cÖvq „wó AvKl©Y K‡i Av‡Q|

†k‡i evsjv bM‡i gvwbK wgqv GwfwbD–G AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †kl wbe©vPbx

Rbmfv| wekvj wbe©vPbx Rbmfv| Gi gvÎ yB w`b Av‡M wdwjcvB‡b wbe©vPb

n‡q †M‡Q| mvgwiK GKbvqK †Rbv‡ij gv‡K©vm wbe©vP‡bi djvdj cv‡ë w`‡q

wb‡R‡K weRqx †NvlYv K‡i‡Q| Aciw`‡K wg‡mm †KvivRb GKzB‡bv H djvdj

cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i wb‡R‡K weRqx †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| wg‡mm †KvivRb GBKz‡bvi

c‡ÿ wdwjcvB‡bi RbMY iv¯Ívq †b‡g‡Q| Avi †mB RbMY‡K `wg‡q †`qvi Rb¨

GKbvqK gv‡K©vm–Gi c‡ÿ †mbvevwnbx U¨v¼ wb‡q iv¯Ívq †ewi‡q G‡m‡Q|

GKw`‡K RbM‡Yi we‡ÿvf Aciw`‡K mvgwiK evwnbxi U¨v¼| wdwjcvB‡bi

Ae ’v MZ yB w`b †_‡K LyeB DËß| RbMYI wf‡ÿv‡f mvwgj nIqvi Rb¨

†Rbv‡ij gv‡K©v‡mi Kvd©y †f‡½ iv Ívq †ewi‡q G‡m‡Q| Avi †mB RbM‡Yi w`‡K

ZvK K‡i U¨v¼ wb‡q †a‡q Avm‡Q †mbvevwnbx| wdwjcvB‡bi w`‡K mviv c„w_exi

„wó hZLvwb Mfxi evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi „wó Zvi PvB‡Z A‡bK †ewk Mfxi|

wdwjcvB‡bi g‡Zv evsjv‡`‡kI cÖvq GKB NUbv, GKB Ae ’v| RbMY ebvg

mvgwiK evwnbx| wbe ©vwPZ RbcÖwZwbwa ebvg mvgwiK GKbvqK| evsjv‡`‡ki

RbMY mRvM I Zxÿè „wó †i‡L‡Q wdwjcvB‡bi †kl cwiYwZi w`‡K|

wdwjcvB‡bi DËvc evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi Abyf‚wZ‡Z jvM‡Q| Ggwb gyn~‡Z© †kL

nvwmbvi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †kl wbe©vPbx wekvj Rbmfv Pj‡Q| nVvr g‡Âi

†bZv‡ì e³…Zv eÜ K‡i gvB‡K †NvlYv Kiv n‡jv wdwjcvB‡bi GKbvqK

†Rbv‡ij gv‡K©vm †`k (wdwjcvBb) †_‡K cvwj‡q wM‡q‡Q| †NvlYvi m‡½ m‡½

we y¨r MwZ‡Z RbZv Djøv‡m †d‡U coj| g‡b n‡jv †hb evsjv‡`k †_‡K

†Rbv‡ij Gikv` cvwj‡q †M‡Q Ges †kL nvwmbv ÿgZvq G‡m‡Qb| g‡Âi

†bZviv G‡K Aci‡K ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡i †KvjvKzwj Ki‡jb| G †hb c‡_i w`kv

cvIqv †Mj| evsjv‡`‡kI GKB NUbvi cybive„wË NU‡Z hv‡”Q| yB w`b ci

evsjv‡`‡k wbe©vPb n‡jv| †Rbv‡ij Gikv` †Rbv‡ij gv‡K©v‡mi b¨vq wgwWqv Kz¨

K‡i djvdj cvwë‡q w`‡q wb‡Ri `j RvZxq cvwU©‡K weRqx †NvlYv Kij|

Aciw`‡K †kL nvwmbv H djvdj cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i wdwjcvB‡bi wg‡mm †KvivRb

GKzB‡bvi g‡Zv wb‡R‡K weRqx †NvlYv Ki‡jb| †Rbv‡ij Gikv` cvj©v‡g›U

Awa‡ekb WvK‡jv †kL nvwmbvI cvëv cvj©v‡g›U WvK‡jb| †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì

cvj©v‡g›U Awf‡ekb ïiæ n‡jv cvj©v‡g›U nvD‡R| †kL nvwmbvi cvj©v‡g›U

Awa‡ekb ïiæ n‡jv cvj©v‡g‡›Ui wmuwo‡Z| GBfv‡e K‡qKw`b Pj‡Z jvMj|

GKw`b mÜ¨vi ci ¸jkv‡bi eëmvqx Gm, AvB †PŠayix avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz

fe‡b wZbwU gvB‡µvevm wb‡q G‡jb| Av‡M †_‡K A‡cÿvq _vKv e½eÜz Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv † uŠ‡o G‡jb Ges Gm, AvB †PŠayix‡K wb‡q e½eÜz fe‡bi

jvB‡eªwi‡Z ewm‡q m‡½ m‡½ wZwb †ewi‡q G‡m gvB‡µvevm †_‡K ªæZ Qvjvi

e¯Ív¸‡jv Av‡Mi RvqMvq bvwg‡q ivL‡Z ej‡jb| h_vixwZ e Ív¸‡jv bvwg‡q

wbw ©ó RvqMvq ivLv n‡jv| †bÎx gvB‡µvev‡mi m‡½ Avmv e½eÜz fe‡bi evB‡i

_vKv mv`v †cvkv‡Ki A ¿avix e¨w³‡ì Pv LvIqv‡bvi K_v ej‡j Gm, AvB

†PŠayix AvcwË K‡i GLbB P‡j †h‡Z n‡e e‡j ZLbB we`vq wb‡jb| †bÎx

Zv‡K gvB‡µvevm G Zz‡j w`‡q wd‡i G‡jb|

Abygvb Kiv †Mj wbe©vP‡b hvIqvi Av‡M bq e Ívq `k †KvwU UvKv wQj|

Avi GLb †Zi e Ívq c‡bi †KvwU UvKv| evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi Avkv wQj,

AvKv•ÿv wQj Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wdwjcvB‡bi wg‡mm †KvivRb GKzB‡bvi

g‡Zv Av‡cvlnxb _vK‡eb, RbMY‡K iv Ívq †ewi‡q Avmvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb|

97 98

RbMY iv¯Ívq †ewi‡q Avm‡e, mvgwiK GKbvqK Gikv‡ì weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb

Ki‡e| Gikv` RbMY–Gi wec‡ÿ †mbvevwnbx Ges U¨v¼ bvgv‡e| RbZvi

cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L †mbvevwnbx Ges U¨v¼ AKvh©Ki n‡e, mvgwiK ˆ¯ivPvi Gikv`

†`k †_‡K cvwj‡q hv‡e| wKš‘ bv, e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv RbZvi

mg Í Avkv-AvKv•ÿv RjvÄwj w`‡q bxi‡e-wbtk‡ã Gikv‡ì cvj©v‡g‡›Ui

we‡ivax `‡ji †bÎx n‡jb| †`k †_‡K mvgwiK kvmb Ges mgi bvqK ˆ¯ivPvix

Gikv` †Zv †MjB bv eis 1986–Gi wbe©vP‡bi cvZv‡bv †Ljvq mvgwiK

GKbvqK †Rbv‡ij Gikv` c~‡e©i PvB‡Z Av‡iv kw³kvjx iƒ‡c RMÏj cv_‡ii

b¨vq RbM‡Yi Nv‡o †P‡c emj|

GZ eo gvV

Gikv‡ì cvj©v‡g‡›Ui we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv Zvi wbkvb †cUªj wR‡ci GKcv‡k RvZxq cZvKv Ab¨cv‡k `jxq

(AvIqvgx jxM) cZvKv jvwM‡q Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) wbR Rb¥f‚wg Ges wcÎvjq

Uzw½cvovq G‡jb| ciw`b mKvj‡ejv MÖv‡gi GK Rywbqi nvB ¯‹z‡ji wkÿKiv

Zuv‡ì ¯‹zj cwi`k©‡bi Rb¨ Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡j wZwb

Avgš¿Y MÖnY K‡ib| GK we‡K‡j `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv D³ ¯‹zj cwi`k©‡b

hvb| MÖv‡gi c_, gvwUi c_| †mB c‡_ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv hv‡”Q| gvBj

Lv‡bK hvIqvi ci †`Lv †Mj ¯‹zj| GKwU gvV Zvi wZb w`‡K j¤v wZbwU eo

wU‡bi Ni| wZbwU N‡ii yÕwUB A‡a©‡Ki †ewk †f‡½ c‡o Av‡Q| GKwU fv‡jv

Av‡Q| GB fv‡jv NiwU †ewk w`b nqwb ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| Avi fv½v yÕwU Ni

RivRxY© n‡q †f‡½ c‡o‡Q| †KD †bB †`Lvi Zv †evSvB hv‡”Q| ~i †_‡K †`Lv

hv‡”Q Ges †kvbv hv‡”Q ¯‹z‡ji gv‡V cuvP mvZÕk wkï-wK‡kvi Ges evjK jvBb

w`‡q uvwo‡q Av‡Q Ges †køvMvb w`‡”Q Rq †kL nvwmbv| Rq e½eÜz| ej‡Z

†M‡j G‡ì Kv‡iv Mv‡q Rvgv †bB| gv‡S gv‡S †KD †KD Av‡Q m¤ú~Y© wee ¿|

A_©vr Mv‡q Rvgv †Zv †bB–B ci‡bi c¨v›UI †bB| m¤ú~Y© Dj½ n‡qB jvB‡b

uvwo‡q Av‡Q| Avi Zxeª K‡É †køvMvb w`‡”Q Rq †kL nvwmbv, Rq RvZxi wcZv

†kL gywRe|

†f‡½ c‡o _vKv ¯‹zj Ni| Avi †mB ¯‹zj gv‡VB uvwo‡q Av‡Q cuvP mvZÕk

e¯¿nxb wkï-wK‡kvi Avi evj‡Ki `j| GB n‡”Q †kL nvwmbvi I †kL nvwmbvi

wcZvi Rb¥f‚wgi †Pnviv| wkÿvjq weaŸ Í, Mv‡q e ¿ †bB, Giv w`‡b w`‡b Av‡iv

eo n‡j Abœ cv‡e †Kv_vq? †`‡L Mv wkD‡i DVj| nVvr g‡b n‡jv, Avgv‡ì

gv‡S †Zv e½eÜz Kb¨v Gikv‡ì we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

Av‡Qb| †`wL wZwb Kx e‡jb!

gv‡Vi GK †KvYvq GKwU RxY© †Uwej, GKwU †Pqvi Avi GKwU gvBK

jvMv‡bv Av‡Q| we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx ax‡i ax‡i GB †Uwe‡ji mvg‡b G‡jb, wKš‘

†Pqv‡i em‡jb bv| mivmwi gvB‡K e³e¨ ïiæ Ki‡jb| wZwb fv½v weaŸ¯Í

wkÿvj‡qi K_v ej‡jb bv, ej‡jb bv evjK‡ì e ¿nxbZvi K_v, ej‡jb bv

fwel¨‡Zi Abœ ms ’v‡bi K_v| Abœ, e¯¿, wkÿv Gme wZwb wKQzB ej‡jb bv|

wZwb ej‡jb, GZ eo gvV! GZ eo gv‡Vi K_v kn‡ii †Q‡jiv †Zv wPšÍvB

Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| gvV f‡i MvQ jvwM‡q †`‡eb| A‡bK MvQ jvMv‡eb|

†bÎxi mdi m½x‡ì ga¨ †_‡K GKRb ej‡jb, †cqviv MvQ jvMv‡eb|

†Q‡jiv †L‡Z cvi‡e|

m‡½ m‡½ we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx ej‡jb, nu¨v nu¨v, †cqviv MvQ jvMv‡eb| GB

†Q‡jiv †L‡Z cvi‡e| AZtci †bÎx wd‡i G‡jb Zvi wbR evwo‡Z|

mvgwiK GKbvqK †Rbv‡ij Gikv` GKvav‡i ivóªcÖavb I miKvi cÖavb|

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi (Gikv‡ì) ivevi ÷¨v¤ú cvj©v‡g‡›Ui we‡ivax `jxq

†bÎx| Aciw`‡K M„neay †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Av‡cvlnxb g‡bvfve wb‡q Zvi

msMVb weGbwcÕ†K k³ fx‡Zi Dci uvo Kwi‡q GKK Av‡›`vj‡bi †Póvq iZ|

RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q ax‡i ax‡i †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Av‡cvlnxb †bÎx wn‡m‡e VuvB

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†eMg wRqvi Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©m~Pxi m‡½ Zvj wgwj‡q †kL nvwmbvI †KŠk‡j

Kg©m~Px w`‡q hv‡”Qb|

Av‡›`vjb Av‡›`vjb †Ljv

ˆ¯îvPvi †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì m‡½ e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kK nvwmbv‡K

†i‡L, †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv GKK Av‡›`vjb Ki‡j Kvw•ÿZ dj Avm‡e bv †f‡e

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx Av‡›`vj‡bi AvšÍwiKZvi wel‡q cÖkœ Ki‡j e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv Reve †`b, ÒAvwg (†kL nvwmbv) AvwQ g¨vWv‡gi (Lv‡j`v wRqv)

wcQ‡b wcQ‡b| g¨vWvg (Lv‡j`v wRqv) †h Kg©m~Px †`‡e, AvwgI (†kL nvwmbv)

†mB Kg©m~Px †`‡ev| hv‡Z g‡b nq AvwgI (†kL nvwmbv) Av‡›`vj‡b AvwQ|

Av‡›`vjb mdj K‡i †Zvjvi cÖ‡kœ AvIqvgx jxM Kg©x‡ì ewjô f‚wgKvi wel‡q

Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡j Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, AvIqvgx jxM Kg©x‡ì e‡j †`‡e

Zviv †hb Av‡›`vjb Av‡›`vjb †Ljv K‡i wKš‘ Av‡›`vjb †hb bv K‡i| A_©vr

99 100

Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ †_‡K Av‡›`vj‡bi wc‡V Qzwo gvi‡Z n‡e| g¨vWvg‡K (Lv‡j`v

wRqv) e¨_© K‡i N‡i ewm‡q w`‡Z n‡e, Avi hv‡Z ivRbxwZ‡Z bvg bv †`q|

RbMY Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gvVKg©xiv Gikv` cZ‡bi Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨ GZB

D`MÖxe †h, Av‡›`vjb cÖ‡kœ e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi ¯úó wb‡ ©k _vKv

m‡Ë¡I Zviv (AvIqvgx jxM Kg©xiv) Av‡›`vj‡b ewjô f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z _v‡K|

hLb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kg©x‡ì Kv‡Q Rb‡bÎx †kL †kL nvwmbvi Av‡›`vjb bv

Kivi †Mvcb wb‡ ©k †cuŠQv‡bv n‡jv, ZLb AvIqvgx jxM Kg©xiv mfv‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi gyL †_‡K mivmwi GB wb‡ ©k ïb‡Z PvBj| wKš‘ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi c‡ÿ mivmwi GB wb‡ ©k †`qv m¤¢e n‡jv bv| d‡j Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…Z¡

w`‡Z _vK‡jb †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Avi Rxeb w`‡Z _vK‡jv b~i †nv‡mbmn

AvIqvgx jxM Kg©xiv|

wQqvwki cvj©v‡g›U †f‡½ †`qv

1987 mv‡ji 10B b‡f¤i XvKvq AvIqvgx hyejxM Kg©x b~i †nv‡mb ey‡K

Òˆ¯ivPvi wbcvZ hvKÓ Avi wc‡V ÒMYZš¿ gyw³ cvKÓ wj‡L we‡ÿvf wgwQj

Kivi mgq cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z wbnZ n‡j †`kx Ges we‡`kx we‡kl K‡i ewntwe‡k¦i

cÖPvi gva¨g Zv djvI K‡i cÖPvi K‡i|

d‡j mvgwiK GKbvqK ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv` LyeB Amš‘ó Ges ivMvwšZ

nb| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kg©x‡ì Av‡›`vj‡b ewjô f‚wgKv _vKvq Gikv` g‡b

K‡ib (fzj ey‡Sb) †h, †kL nvwmbv Z‡j Z‡j Kg©x‡ì Zvi (Gikv`) weiæ‡×

†jwj‡q w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb (Gikv`) GB e‡j gšÍe¨ K‡ib †h, Avgvi Lv‡e Avgvi

co‡e, Avevi Avgvi mv‡_ MvÏvwi| †kL nvwmbv MvÏvwi Ki‡e, Avgvi mv‡_

†eCgvwb Ki‡e bvdigvwb Ki‡e| AvwgB (Gikv`) †kL nvwmbv‡K we‡ivax `jxq

†bÎx evwb‡q gš¿xi gh©v`v w`‡qwQ; gš¿xi PvB‡Z †ewk my‡hvM-myweav w`w”Q| †`k

Pvjbv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i me wKQz‡ZB fvMvfvwM K‡iwQ| Avi Z‡j Z‡j Avgvi

(Gikv`) mv‡_ MvÏvwi bvdigvwb| Avwg (Gikv`) Avi †kL nvwmbv‡K †Kv‡bv

fvM †`‡ev bv, we‡ivax `‡ji †bÎxI ivLe bv| Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v we‡ivax

`jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv eëmvqx Gm, AvB †PŠayix Ges wWwRGdAvB gvnvgy yj

nvmv‡bi gva¨‡g Gikv`‡K Av‡›`vj‡b Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) AbvMÖn, Awb”Qv Ges

Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ †_‡K wcQb †_‡K Qzwo †g‡i

Av‡›`vjb‡K fÛzj K‡i †`qvi †Póvi welqUv A‡bK eySvevi †Póv K‡i‡Qb|

wKš‘ Gikv` bv‡Qvoev›`v| Zvi GK K_v, Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g wcQb †_‡K

Av‡›`vjb‡K Qzwo gvi‡Z n‡e bv| Av‡›`vj‡bi weiæ‡× Avgv‡K (Gikv`‡K)

cÖKv‡k¨ mivmwi mg_©b w`‡Z n‡e| bB‡j Avwg (Gikv` cvj©v‡g›UI ivLe bv,

†kL nvwmbv‡KI we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx ivLe bv| we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx _vK‡Z n‡j

Ges gš¿xi gh©v`vmn Ab¨vb¨ mKj cÖKvi my‡hvM-myweav †c‡Z n‡j Zv‡K

(Gikv`) †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ivLWvK bv K‡i XvjvIfv‡e mg_©b Ki‡Z n‡e|

†kL nvwmbv †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y cÖKv‡k¨ mivmwi XvjvIfv‡e †Rbv‡ij

Gikv`‡K mg_©b Ki‡Z AÿgZv cÖKvk Ki‡j Ae‡k‡l Gikv` 1988 mv‡j

gvÎ yB eQi Av‡M Mov Zvi (Gikv‡ì) bxj-bKkvi cvj©v‡g›U †f‡½ †`q Ges

bZzb K‡i wØZxqevi Zvi (Gikv`) bxj-bKkvi cvj©v‡g›U wbe©vPb w`‡q Rvm‡ì

Av, m, g, ie (eZ©gvb †kL nvwmbvi gš¿x)Õ†K cvj©v‡g‡›U we‡ivax `‡ji †bZv

evbvb|

Gikv` cZb I ZË¡veavqK miKvi

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Ges †eMg wRqv †fZ‡i †fZ‡i RbZvi gv‡S Av‡cvlnxb †bÎx iƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ

nb| Ae¯’v †eMwZK †`‡L †kL nvwmbvi †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_

cy‡ivcywi m¤ú„³ nIqv Qvov †Kv‡bv MZ¨šÍi _v‡K bv| Av‡M †_‡KB AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi gvV Kg©xiv Gikv` nVvI Av‡›`vj‡b Zv‡ì ewjó f‚wgKv eRvq †i‡L‡Q|

GLb †kL nvwmbv eva¨ n‡q Av‡›`vj‡b Avmvq Av‡›`vjb Av‡iv †eMevb n‡q‡Q|

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Ges †`k‡bÎx Lv‡j`v wRqv yB †bÎxi Av‡›`vjb cÖm‡½

êVK n‡jv| Av‡›`vjb Zz‡½ DVj| ye©vi MYAv‡›`vjb Pj‡Z _vKj| ˆ¯ivPvix

mvgwiK GKbvqK †Rbv‡ij Gikv` Kvd©y¨ Rvwi Kij| †mbvevwnbx‡K RbM‡Yi

wec‡ÿ iv Ívq bvgv‡jv| wKš‘ RbMY‡K `gv‡bv †Mj bv| RbMY B¯úvZ „p HK¨

M‡o †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì Kvdz©¨ fvOj| †mbvevwnbvi mv‡_ msNl© ïiæ Kij|

mviv‡`‡k ùzwj‡½i g‡Zv Av‡›`vj‡bi Av¸b Qwo‡q coj| QvÎ hyeK Avi

RbZvi Av‡›`vj‡bi gy‡L wek¦ †envqv ˆ¯ivPvix Gikv‡ì mKj KzU-†KŠkj Avi

kw³ civ¯Í n‡Z _vKj|

†Rbv‡ij Gikv` QvÎ‡bZv‡ì µq Kivi Rb¨ kZ †KvwU UvKv LiP Kij

Ges †RjLvbv †_‡K `vMx Acivax‡ì Qvwo‡q G‡b †KvwU †KvwU UvKv Avi A ¿

w`‡q Av‡›`vjb `gv‡bvi eë¯’v Kij| GB `vMx AcivaxivB 1990 mv‡j 27†k

b‡f¤i Zvwi‡L XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq jvB‡eªwii c~e©-`wÿY †KvYvi ~i †_‡K ¸wj

K‡i Wvt wgjb‡K nZ¨v Kij| Wvt wgjb wbnZ nIqvi m‡½ m‡½ QvÎ-RbZvi

101 102

Av‡›`vjb `vevb‡j iƒc wbj| Av‡›`vjb bZzb †gvo wbj| wVK †hgb 1969–G

Avmv` nZ¨vi ci n‡qwQj| Awbw`©óKv‡ji niZvj, Awbw ©óKv‡ji Kvdz©¨‡Z

†`‡ki mg Í wKQy APj| PjwQj ïay wc‡KwUs–wgwQj–wUqvi M¨vm Avi ¸wj|

Gikv` cZ‡b †mbvevwnbxi f‚wgKv

†mbvevwnbxi D”P c` ’ AwdmviMY †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb †Rbv‡ij b~iæwÏb

Lvb (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbv miKv‡ii gš¿x)Õ†K †mbvevwnbxi D”P c` ’

Awdmvi‡ì GKwU †Mvcb êVK Ki‡Z eva¨ Kij Ges †mB êV‡K †cÖwm‡W›U

†Rbv‡ij Gikv`‡K Avi mg_©b bv Kivi wm×všÍ nq| †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb

†jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij b~iæwÏb Lvb‡K êV‡Ki GB wm×všÍ †cÖwm‡W›U Gikv`‡K

Rvwb‡q †`qvi `vwqZ¡ w`‡j wZwb (†mbvcÖavb b~iæwÏb Lvb) GB `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b

AcviMZv cÖKvk Ki‡j beg wWwfk‡bi (mvfvi K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui) wRIwm †gRi

†Rbv‡ij Avãym mvjvg (eZ©gv‡b AvIqvgx Ggwc, †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi

†Pqvig¨vb) êV‡Ki GB wm×všÍ †cÖwm‡W›U Gikv`‡K Rvwb‡q †`qvi `vwqZ¡ †bb

Ges êVK †_‡K †mvRv XvKv †mbvfe‡b wM‡q †cÖwm‡W›U Gikv`‡K †mbvevwnbxi

D”P c`¯’ Awdmvi‡ì êV‡K Zv‡K (Gikv`‡K) Avi mg_©b bv Kivi wmÜv‡šÍi

K_v ¯úó Rvwb‡q †`b|

ZLb ˆ¯ivPvix ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv` m¤ú~Y© †f‡½ weaŸ Í n‡q c‡o Ges

Zvic‡iB c`Z¨vM Kivi wm×všÍ †bq| GB c`Z¨v‡Mi wm×všÍ Kvh©Kix Kivi

Rb¨ cÖ_‡g DcivóªcwZ e¨vwióvi gI y` Avn‡g` c`Z¨vM K‡ib Ges mycÖxg

†Kv‡U©i cÖavb wePvicwZ kvnveywÏb Avn‡¤§` Dc-ivóªcwZ nb| Zvici ivóªcwZ

†Rbv‡ij Gikv` Dc-ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ kvnveywÏb Avn‡¤§‡ì Kv‡Q c`Z¨vM

Ki‡j Dc-ivóªcwZ kvnveywÏb Avn‡¤§` A ’vqx ivóªcwZ nb Ges Zvi †bZ…‡Z¡

ZË¡veavqK miKvi MVb K‡i 1991 mv‡ji 27†k †deªæqvwi RvZxq msm‡ì

wbe©vPb †`b| evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡m GB cÖ_g †`‡ki meKqwU ivR‰bwZK `j

¯vaxb, gy³ Ges †¯”Qvq ¯ZtùzZ©fv‡e ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ kvnveywÏb Avn‡¤§`–

Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ ZË¡eavqK miKv‡ii Aax‡b RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY

K‡i| wbe©vPbx cÖwµqv ªæZ Ges †Rvi`vifv‡e GwM‡q Pj‡Q| wbe©vP‡b

AskMÖnYKvix mKj `j cÖv_©x g‡bvbqb P‚ovšÍ K‡i‡Q| †`‡ki RbMYI GB cÖ_g

gy³ ¯vaxb Ges wbi‡cÿfv‡e Avgvi †fvU Avwg †`‡ev, hv‡K Lywk Zv‡K †`qvi

„p g‡bvfve wb‡q AvMvgx 27†k †deªæqvwi, 1991 †fvU †`qvi ¯ZtùzZ© wm×všÍ

†bq| mviv‡`‡k Pj‡Q e¨vcK wbe©vPbx cÖPvivwfhvb| †cvóvi Avi †`qvj wjL‡b

f‡i †M‡Q mg Í RvqMv| wèvivwÎ Pj‡Q wgwQj-wgwUs| AvIqvgx jxM Ges

weGbwc g~jZt GB ywU `‡ji g‡a¨ Zxeª wbe©vPbx cÖwZØw›ØZv n‡e| weGbwc Ges

AvIqvgx jxM GB ywU `‡ji †Kv_vq †K †R‡Z †K nv‡i ejv KwVb| GiB g‡a¨

GK mvsevw`K m‡¤§j‡b Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv ej‡jb weGbwc `kwUi †ewk wmU cv‡e bv| A_©vr weGbwc wZbk (300)

Avm‡bi g‡a¨ `kwU (10) Avm‡b weRqx n‡e Ges yBkZ beŸBwU (290)

Avm‡b civwRZ n‡e e‡j †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb|

¯‹zj-K‡jR, Awdm-Av`vjZ, N‡i-evB‡i, gv‡V-Nv‡U me©Î wbe©vPbx

Av‡jvPbv Avi cÖPviYv| GK K_vq wbe©vPbx cÖPviYv GLb Zz‡½|

AvR 10B †deªæqvwi| avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡bi GKwU K‡ÿ iæ×`vi

êVK emj| mvg‡bi 27†k †deªæqvwi wbe©vPb| GB wbe©vPb Dcj‡ÿB AvR‡Ki

êVK| GB êV‡Ki Av‡jvPbvq †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx hyw³ w`‡q eywS‡q ejj

AvIqvgx jxM ÿgZvq hv‡e bv| AvMvgx 27†k †deªæqvwii wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM

civwRZ n‡e Ges Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv XvKvi ywU Avm‡bB

civwRZ n‡eb|

êV‡K Dcw ’Z iweDj Avjg †PŠayix (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbvi wcGm

†gv³vwì †PŠayix) wÿß n‡q ej‡jb, wgqv AvIqvgx jxM ÿgZvq hv‡e bv gv‡b

Kx? AvIqvgx jxM †Zv ÿgZvq wM‡qB Av‡Q| H †h cv‡ki N‡i e‡m Av‡Q †nvg

†m‡µUvwi, ms ’vcb mwPe, ciivóª mwPe| Ab¨ cv‡ki N‡i e‡m Av‡Q cywj‡ki

AvBwR| GKUz Av‡M G‡mwQj †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb †Rbv‡ij b~iæwÏb Lvb|

ZviciI e‡jb AvIqvgx jxM ÿgZvq hv‡e bv| †kL nvwmbv cÖavbgš¿x n‡e bv|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j †m‡µUvwiiv (mwPeMY) hZB e‡m _vKzK,

cywjk cÖavb, †mbvcÖavb hZB mvjvg w`‡q hvK 27†k †deªæqvwi wbe©vP‡b wR‡Z

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ÿgZvq hvIqvi m¤¢vebv LyeB Kg|

GB K_v ejvi m‡½ m‡½ êV‡K Dcw ’Z Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

µz×¯‡i e‡jb, Zzwg GLbB †ei n‡q hvI| Avi Avm‡e bv|

†ei n‡q †h‡Z †h‡Z †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, †bÎx, Avcwb †ei K‡i

w`‡j Avwg †ewi‡q †h‡Z eva¨| Z‡e hv ejjvg Kw`b c‡iB Zv AvcwbI

eyS‡eb|

1991–Gi 27†k †deªæqvwi ïay evsjv‡`‡ki wbe©vPbx BwZnv‡m bq, Dc-

gnv‡`‡ki wbe©vPbx BwZnv‡m GK bwRiwenxb „óvšÍ ¯’vcb K‡i bi-bvix

wbwe©‡k‡l RbMY nvm‡Z nvm‡Z wb‡R‡ì †fvUvwaKvi cÖ‡qvM Kij| †fvU MYbvq

103 104

†`Lv †Mj AvIqvgx jxM civwRZ n‡jv| XvKvi yB Avm‡bB Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz

Kb¨ †kL nvwmbv wecyj †fv‡U e¨w³MZfv‡e civwRZ n‡jb| †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv

Ges Zvi `j weGbwc wbe©vP‡b weRqx n‡jb| Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbv

wbe©vPbx djvdj cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i ej‡jb, †fv‡U my² KviPzwc n‡q‡Q| Avi myÿ¥

KviPzwci gva¨‡gB Zv‡K civwRZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avwg GB djvdj gvwb bv Ges

†eMg wRqv miKvi MVb Ki‡j Avwg GK wgwbUI Lv‡j`v wRqv‡K my¯’ _vK‡Z

†`‡ev bv|

c`Z¨vM bvUK

nVvr Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv mvsevw`K‡ì Kv‡Q †NvlYv Ki‡jb

wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfv‡bÎxi c` †_‡K c`Z¨vM K‡i‡Qb|

mswkøó mKj gn‡j GB c`Z¨v‡Mi NUbv Av‡jvob m„wó Kij| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

†K› ªxq KwgwUi †bZviv †Zv nZevK! nZevK †K› ªxq Awdm wbe©vnxiv| ej †bB,

KIqv †bB, `‡ji mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †NvlYv Ki‡jb wZwb c`Z¨vM K‡i‡Qb|

wKš‘ wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) c`Z¨vM Ki‡jb Kvi Kv‡Q? †Kv_vq Zvi (†kL

nvwmbvi) c`Z¨vM cÎ? `‡ji †K› ªxq wbe©vnx KwgwUi wgwUs–G I wZwb c`Z¨vM

Ki‡jb bv| Zvn‡j wZwb c`Z¨vM Ki‡jb †Kv_vq Ges Kvi Kv‡Q? wZwb

c`Z¨vM K‡i‡Qb e‡j mvsevw`K‡ì Kv‡Q †NvlYvB ev Ki‡jb Kxfv‡e?

mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi GB c`Z¨v‡Mi welq wb‡q `‡ji †fZ‡i I evB‡i Pj‡Q

Ríbv-Kíbv| †KD ej‡Qb, bv wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) c`Z¨vM K‡ibwb| †KD

ej‡Qb, bv wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) ¯qs c`Z¨vM K‡i‡Qb e‡j †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb|

Gw`‡K e½eÜz Kb¨v mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi c`Z¨vM cÖZ¨vnvi Kivi

`vwe‡Z QvÎjxM I hyejxM Kg©x‡ì e¨vcK wgwQj-wgwUs Ges AvgiY Abkb

Kivi wb‡ ©k †`b| wKš‘ Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi GB

wb‡ ©‡k hyejxM QvÎjxM Kg©xiv †Zgb mvov bv w`‡j Ges cÎ-cwÎKv c`Z¨vM

bvUK wb‡q nBPB ïiæ Ki‡j, `‡ji mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv `‡ji mvaviY

m¤úvw`Kv mv‡R`v †PŠayix‡K (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbi gš¿xmfvi eb I cwi‡ek

gš¿x) mfv‡bÎxi c`Z¨vM cÎ wQu‡o †d‡j‡Qb e‡j †NvlYv †`qvi Rb¨ hvicibvB

Aby‡iva K‡ib| GB Aby‡iv‡ai cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z mv‡R`v †PŠayix mfv‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv Zvi (mv‡R`v †PŠayix) Kv‡Q c`Z¨vMcÎ w`‡j wZwb Zv wQu‡o †d‡j‡Qb

e‡j †NvlYv †`b Ges c`Z¨vM bvU‡Ki Aemvb NUvb|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx cybivq wd‡i G‡j Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v we‡ivax

`jxq †bÎx mvì m¤¢vlY Rvwb‡q Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) e¨w³MZ civgk©‡Ki

`vwqZ¡ I gh©v`v cybivq wdwi‡q †`b| †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz

Kb¨v we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K m`¨ mgvß wbe©vPb m¤ú‡K© Ges bZzb

miKvi m¤ú‡K© Avi †Kv‡bv K‡Vvi Dw³ bv K‡i âh©¨ a‡i A‡cÿv Kivi civgk©

†`q|

UvKvi wewbg‡q ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x

ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ kvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì ¯’‡j bZzb ivóªcwZ wbe©vP‡bi

mgq we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv nvRx gKeyj †nv‡mb

(eZ©gv‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi avbgwÐ †gvnv¤§`cyi _vbvi Ggwc Ges †gvnv¤§`cyi

_vbv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ)Õ†K wZwik (30) jÿ UvKvi wewbg‡q AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi cÿ †_‡K ivóªcwZ c`cÖv_©x K‡ib| Ab¨w`‡K Gikv` Ges Zvi `j

RvZxq cvwU©i mg_©b wb‡q mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i mv‡eK cÖavb wePvicwZ eìæj nvq`vi

†PŠayix ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x nb| we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

nvRx gKeyj‡K ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x K‡i ivL‡j Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) Ges Zvi `j

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi fveg~wZ© ÿzYœ n‡e; HwZn¨ bó n‡e BZ¨vw` eywS‡q mv‡eK cÖavb

wePvicwZ eìæj nvq`vi †PŠayix‡K mw¤§wjZ we‡ivax `jxq cÖv_©x Kivi civgk©

w`‡j GK ch©v‡q wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) ivwR nb Ges wePvicwZ eìæj nvq`vi

†PŠayix‡K avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbv wePvicwZ eìæj nvq`vi

†PŠayix‡K Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki Avwgi hy× Acivax Õ71–Gi NvZK

Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avh‡gi m‡½ †`Lv K‡i †`vqv wb‡q Avmvi Rb¨ e‡jb|

Gw`‡K nvRx gKeyj †nv‡mb‡K ivóªcwZ cÖv_©xZv cÖZ¨vnvi Kivi Rb¨ we‡ivax

`jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv wb‡ ©k w`‡jI nvRx gKeyj cÖv_©xZv cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z

Mwogwm ïiæ K‡i| GK ch©v‡q nvRx gKeyj †nv‡mb e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K

†`qv Zvi wZwik jÿ UvKv †diZ bv †c‡j ivóªcwZ cÖv_©xZv cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z

A¯xK…wZ Rvbvq| ZLb Rb‡bÎx we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbv

avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡b †jvK w`‡q nvRx KgKzj †nv‡mb‡K †W‡K (cÖvq

a‡i G‡b) cÖ_‡g ag‡K wR‡Ám K‡ib, Zvi (gKeyj) g‡Zv †jv‡Ki c‡ÿ

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x nIqv mv‡R wKbv? Zvici e‡jb, Avwg (†kL

nvwmbv Avcbvi g‡Zv †jvK‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x K‡i weij m¤§v‡bi

I gh©v`vi AwaKvix K‡iwQ| GUv wK Avcbvi Rb¨ h‡_ó bq? ZvQvov wbe©vP‡b

105 106

†Zv wRZ‡ebB bv| ivóªcwZ †Zv n‡ZB cvi‡eb bv| GLb m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ PzcPvc

e‡m c‡ob|

nvRx gKeyj AvgZv AvgZv Ki‡Z _vK‡j e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb,

Avcwb hv K‡i‡Qb, hv w`‡q‡Qb fwel¨‡Z Zv g‡b ivLe Ges cywl‡q wè| GB

wb‡q Avi D”Pev”P¨ K‡i fwel¨Z †Lvqv‡eb bv| wbtk‡ã c`Z¨vM K‡i Avgvi

cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ †`Lvb| AZtci AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ivóªcwZ cÖv_©x gKeyj †nv‡mb

fwel¨‡Zi Avkvq cÖvw_©Zv cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cÖwZ

AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk K‡i|

Rvnvbviv Bgvg I †kL nvwmbv

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x Ges †kL nvwmbv we‡ivax `jxq

†bÎx| cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Ges we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbvi gv‡S

mn‡hvwMZv-m¤úªxwZ ~‡ii K_v eis êwiZv Ges wnsmv Av‡Mi †P‡q Av‡iv Zxeª

n‡jv|

GB my‡hv‡M ¯vaxbZv we‡ivax †gŠjev`x ivR‰bwZK `j Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx

Zv‡ì †bc‡_ï g~j †bZv hy× Acivax NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg‡K Rvgvqv‡Z

Bmjvgxi Avwgi (cÖavb) evbvq| Gi cÖwZev‡` Ges hy× Acivax NvZK †Mvjvg

Avhgmn mKj hy× Acivaxi wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z 1992 mv‡ji 11B †deªæqvwi

knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv ev¯Ívevqb I Õ71–Gi NvZK

`vjvj wbg~©j RvZxq mgš^q KwgwU bv‡g gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq wek¦vmx GKwU bZzb

msMVb M‡o †Zv‡jb Ges Av‡›`vjb ïiæ K‡ib| knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi

†bZ…‡Z¡ M‡o IVv GB bZzb msMV‡bi Av‡›`vjb Kg©m~Px‡Z RbMY e¨vcK mvov

w`‡jv| bZzb cÖRb¥ knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi †bZ…Z¡ I Kg©m~Px‡Z `viæY

Drmvn I Av ’v wb‡q AskMÖnY Ki‡Z _vK‡j e½eÜz Kb¨v we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx

†kL nvwmbv Aw¯’i I D‡ËwRZ n‡q I‡Vb| wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) †KejB ej‡Z

_v‡Kb Rvnvbviv Bgvg bZzb †`vKvb Ly‡j‡Q| bZzb eëmv a‡i‡Q, †bÎx n‡Z

Pvq, Rb‡bÎx n‡Z Pvq| eëmvi RvqMv cvq bv, gyw³hy‡×i bvg wb‡q eëmv ïiæ

K‡i‡Q|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K e‡j, †bÎx GwK

e‡j‡Qb Avcwb? mgMÖ RvwZ Rv‡b Rvnvbviv Bgvg knx` Rbbx| Õ71–Gi

gyw³hy‡× Zuvi (Rvnvbviv Bgvg) †Q‡j iæwg knx` n‡q‡Q| wZwb knx` Rbbx|

Avi Avcwb GwK ej‡Qb?

e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv D‡ËwRZ n‡q e‡jb, ivL †Zvgvi knx`

Rbbx! I wK‡mi knx` Rbbx! Ii †Q‡j iæwg jyUcvU Ki‡Z wM‡q wb‡R‡ì

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†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, GwK ej‡Qb †bÎx| Gme K_v Rbmg‡ÿ

ej‡j wn‡Z wecixZ n‡e|

e½eÜz Kb¨v e‡jb, GB Rb¨B †Zv `g eÜ K‡i Pzc K‡i AvwQ Ges

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avbgwÐ ewÎ‡ki iv Ívq XzK‡ZB Wvb w`‡Ki †KvYvq cÖ_g 2q Zjv ewo‡Z

_vKZ| Avgv‡ì evwoi (avbgwÐ ewÎ‡ki e½eÜz fe‡bi) c~e© w`‡Ki cÖ_g

evwoUvq _vKZ| Rvnvbviv Bgvg‡ìI cvwK Ívwb Avwg©iv cvnviv w`‡q ivLZ|

Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi RvgvB (¯vgx) cvwK Ívwb Avwg©‡ì mvcøvB KiZ| H mgq cÖPzi

UvKv Kvwg‡q‡Q Giv| Avi GLb G‡m‡Q gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv ev Ívevqb Ki‡Z|

Avm‡j G (Rvnvbviv Bgvg) G‡m‡Q Avgvi †bZ…Z¡ `Lj Ki‡Z| Avwg wbe©vP‡b

†n‡iwQ GB my‡hv‡M Z‡j Z‡j Lv‡j`v wRqvi mv‡_ jvBb K‡i Rb‡bÎx nIqvi

cwiKíbvq Av‡Q Rvnvbviv Bgvg| Avi ZvB †Mvjvg Avh‡gi wePvi, hy×

Acivax‡ì wePvi, gy³hy‡×i †PZbv ev Íevqb BZ¨vw` bvbv K_vi Avov‡j †bÎx

nIqvi Lv‡q‡k Av‡Q| †Zvgiv Gi †_‡K mveavb _vK‡e Ges Avgv‡ì mKj

Kg©x‡ì mveavb ivL‡e| †KD †hb Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi Là‡i bv c‡o|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnxi cÖkœ, †bÎx (†kL nvwmbv) Avcwb Kx Rvnvbviv

Bgv‡gi NvZK, `vjvj wbg~©j KwgwUi Kg©m~Px‡Z hv‡eb bv?

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Reve †`b, †m Avwg hvB ev bv hvB †Zvgiv hv‡e

bv| Avi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †Kv‡bv Kg©x‡K †h‡Z †`‡e bv| eyS bv, Avgvi †Zv

B‡”Q bv _vK‡jI A‡bK RvqMvq †h‡Z nq| Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi gyw³hy‡×i bv‡g

†`qv Kg©m~Px‡Z nqZ Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y hve| wKš‘ †Zvgiv

hv‡e bv|

†Mvjvg Avhg I †kL nvwmbv êVK

knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv ev Íevqb I Õ71–Gi NvZK

`vjvj wbg~©j RvZxq mgšq KwgwUi AvnŸvwqKv wn‡m‡e NvZK †Mvjvg Avhgmn

hy×vcivax‡ì wePv‡ii Rb¨ MYAv`vjZ MVb K‡ib|

1992 mv‡ji 26†k gvP© ¯vaxbZv wè‡m Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi

mfvcwZ‡Z¡ MYAv`vjZ NvZK hy×vcivax †Mvjvg Avhg‡K 10wU Awf‡hv‡M

107 108

duvwmi ivq †`q| MYAv`vj‡Zi †`qv †Mvjvg Avh‡gi duvwmi GB ivq Kvh©Kix

Kivi Rb¨ knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg miKv‡ii Kv‡Q AvnŸvb Rvbv‡j Ges

MYAv`vj‡Z GB ivq Kvh©Ki Kivi `vwe‡Z Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©m~Px w`‡j hy×vcivax

NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg †kL †njvj DwÏb (†kL †njvj DwÏb e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei

GKgvÎ Avcb fvB †kL bv‡m‡ii eo †Q‡j †kL nvwmbvi Avcb PvPv‡Zv fvB|

eg©Zv‡b ev‡Minv‡Ui †gvjøvi nvU I dwK‡ii nvZ wbe©vPbx GjvKvq AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi Ggwc) Gi Bw›ìv †iv‡Wi evmvq we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ †Mvcb êVK e‡m| GB êV‡KB wm×všÍ nq NvZK

†Mvjvg Avhg I Zvi `j Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx (RvgvqvZ) Avi weGbwcÕi

†jRyie„„wË bv K‡i †kL nvwmbv I AvIqvgx jxM‡K m‡e©v”Pfv‡e mg_©b I mvnvh¨-

mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡e Ges †kL nvwmbvi †bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mv‡_ wg‡j Lv‡j`v

wRqv I weGbwc miKvi cZ‡bi Av‡›`vjb Ki‡e| wewbg‡q Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨

†kL nvwmbv hy×vcivax NvZK †Mvjvg Avh‡gi duvwm Kvh©Ki Kivi `vwe‡Z knx`

Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi †bZ…‡Z¡ M‡o IVv MYAv›`jb Ges MYAv`vjZ bm¨vr I

evbPvj Kivi `vwqZ¡ †bb| †mB †_‡K NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg Avi e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbvi gv‡S M‡o I‡V †Mvcb wbweo HK¨ I m¤úK©|

1992–Gi wn›`y–gymwjg ivqU

1992 mv‡ji wW‡m¤i gv‡mi cÖ_g mßvn| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x †eMg

Lv‡j`v wRqv mv‡K©i †Pqvig¨vb| mvK©fz³ mvZwU iv‡óªi kxl© m‡¤§jb XvKvq| mvZ

RvwZi kxl© m‡¤§j‡bi w`bÿY ’vb wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| mv‡K©i †Pqvicvm©b wn‡m‡e

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv kxl© m‡¤§jb D‡Øvab Ki‡eb| kxl© m‡¤§jb Dcj‡ÿ †Kv‡bv

†Kv‡bv iv‡óªi miKvi cÖavbMY Avm‡ZI ïiæ K‡i‡Q| fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x bimxgv

ivI GL‡bv XvKvq †cuŠQvbwb| GiB g‡a¨ fvi‡Z eveix gmwR`‡K †K› ª K‡i

mv¤úª`vwqK `v½v ev wn› y–gymwjg ivqU ïiæ n‡jv| m‡½ m‡½ we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx

AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv RiæixwfwË‡Z †gvUi mvB‡Kj

Av‡ivnx‡K WvK‡jb| †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx 29bs wg›Uz †iv‡W we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx

†kL nvwmbvi evmvq Dcw ’Z n‡j eveywP© wegj † uŠ‡o G‡m Lei †`q †h, Av¤§v (†kL

nvwmbv) Avcbv‡K GLbB avbgwÐ ewÎ‡k e½eÜz fe‡b †h‡Z e‡j‡Qb|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ewÎ‡k †cuŠQ‡j m‡½ m‡½ Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

Zv‡K e½eÜz fe‡bi jvB‡eªwi iæ‡g †W‡K e‡jb, mviv †`‡k wn› y-gymwjg ivqU

(mv¤úª`vwqK `v½v) jvwM‡q `vI|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, GUv wVK n‡e bv|

†bÎx e‡jb, wVK-†ewVK †Zvgvi fve‡Z n‡e bv, ivqU jvMv‡Z e‡jwQ, Zzwg

jvMvI|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, Avcwb GUv e‡jb wK? Avwg Av‡iv ivZ-w`b

cwikÖg K‡i cvovq-gnjøvq hyeK‡ì mZK© K‡i †i‡LwQ hv‡Z K‡i wn› y‡ì

Dci †Kv‡bv cÖKvi AvµgY bv nq| Avi Avcwb ej‡Qb ivqU jvwM‡q w`‡Z!

†bÎx e‡jb, nu¨v, Avwg ejwQ, Zzwg ivqU jvMvI|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, bv †bÎx, GUv bxwZweiæ× KvR|

†bÎx ivMvwšZ n‡q e‡jb, ivL †Zvgvi bxwZ-wdwZ| Avwg hv ejwQ ZvB

K‡iv| Avwg †Zvgvi †bÎx bv Zzwg Avgvi †bZv? Avgv‡K hw` †bÎx gv‡bv Zvn‡j

Avwg hv ej‡ev ZvB Ki‡Z n‡e|

†gwUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, AvcwbB †Zv Avgv‡ì †bÎx, Avcwb hv

ej‡eb ZvB †Zv wk‡ivavh©| Z‡e wn› y‡ì Dci AvµgY Ki‡j wn› yiv Avi

G‡`‡k _vK‡e bv| mevB P‡j hv‡e| Avi GB wn› yiv †Zv Avgv‡ìB †jvK|

Avgv‡ìB wiRvf© †fvUvi|

†bÎx e‡jb, ivL, hv‡e †Kv_vq? hvevi RvqMv †bB| Zzwg ivqU jvMvI|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx e‡j, wn› yiv fvi‡Z P‡j †M‡j fviZ †_‡K †h

gymjgvb Avm‡e †m gymjgv‡bi mevB n‡e av‡bi kxl, gv‡b weGbwc| GUv †f‡e

†`‡L‡Qb †bÎx?

†bÎx e‡jb, Av‡i †evKv mvK© m‡¤§jb cÛ Ki‡Z n‡e bv! K‡qK w`b c‡iB

mvK© m‡¤§jb| Lv‡j`v wRqv mvK© m‡¤§jb D‡Øvab Ki‡e| BwÛqvi cÖvBg

wgwb÷vi bimxgv ivI GL‡bv Av‡m bvB| GB–B my‡hvM, GLbB ivqU jvwM‡q

w`‡j mvK© m‡¤§jb cÛ n‡q hv‡e| ZvQvov Rvnvbviv Bgvg †hfv‡e RbwcÖq n‡q

D‡V‡Q Zv‡KI †Zv mvBR Ki‡Z n‡e| Rvnvbviv Bgvg Avgvi †bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ

ûgwK| †hfv‡e †m w`b‡K w`b gyyw³hy‡×i aviK-evnK n‡q hv‡”Q Zv f‡qi

e¨vcvi n‡q uvwo‡q‡Q| Zuv‡K (Rvnvbviv Bgvg) Avi Qvo †`qv hvq bv, GB

my‡hvM| GB my‡hv‡MB Rvnvbviv Bgvg‡K RbMY †_‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e|

GK wX‡j yB cvwL| mvK© m‡¤§jb cÛ, Rvnvbviv Bgvg mvBR| Zzwg ivqU

jvMvI| wn› y‡ì Dci nvgjv Ki| G‡`‡ki mKj wn› yivB GLb Rvnvbviv

Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b P‡j †M‡Q|

XvKvq ivqU ev wn› y–gymjgvb `v½v jvMv‡bvi `vwqZ¡ †`qv n‡jv †gvUi

mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx‡K Ges wm×všÍ n‡jv 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡W we‡ivax `‡ji †bÎxi

109 110

evmvi Ges avbgwÐ ewÎk b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡bi †Uwj‡dvb eënvi bv K‡i e½eÜz

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi PvPv‡Zv PvPv e½eÜz Uªv‡÷i gnvmwPe †kL nvwdRyi ingv‡bi

evmvi †Uwj‡dvb †_‡K XvKvi evB‡ii †Rjv¸‡jv‡K wn› y–gymjgvb ivqU

jvMv‡bvi wb‡ ©k †`qv n‡e| Lv‡j`v wRqv miKvi hv‡Z e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbv

KZ…©K ivqU jvMv‡bvi cwiKíbv †Ui bv cvq †mB Rb¨ GB mZK©Zv|

we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbvi cwiKíbv I wm×všÍ Abyhvqx

ªæZ MwZ‡Z wn›` y–gymjgvb ivqU jvMv‡bvi Rb¨ mviv XvKv kn‡ii mKj ¸Ûv-

e`gvBk Ges mš¿vmxi nv‡Z bM` cuvP (5) jÿ UvKv Zz‡j †`qv n‡jv| e½eÜz

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi Kg©m~Px ev ÍevwqZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ_‡gB hvIqv n‡jv XvKv

wek¦we`¨vj‡qi RMbœv_ n‡ji c~e© cv‡k Aew ’Z wkeevwo gw›`‡i| †mLv‡b †`Lv

†Mj jy‡Uiv Avi my‡hvM mÜvbx‡ì RUjv| GB RUjvKvix jy‡Uiv my‡hvM

mÜvbx‡ì nv‡Z m‡½vc‡b GKvwaK GKkZ (100) UvKvi KoK‡o †bvU u‡R

w`‡qB ejv n‡jv, fvi‡Z gymjgvb‡ì Lyb Kiv n‡”Q, gymjgvb bvix‡ì B¾Z

Avi ab-m¤ú` jyU K‡i †bqv n‡”Q| Avi Avgiv evsjv‡`‡ki gymjgvbiv P zcPvc

†P‡q †P‡q †`LwQ, ïbwQ| hvb ïiæ K‡ib, †bb, jyU K‡i †bb| ejvi m‡½ m‡½B

my‡hvM mÜvbx jy‡Uiv nB nB K‡i gnv Drm‡e wkeevwo gw›`‡i jyUcvU ïiæ K‡i

w`‡jv| †mLvb †_‡K P‡j Avmv n‡jv Xv‡Kk¦ix gw›`‡i| GLv‡bI DrmyK my‡hvM

mÜvbx jy‡Uivi RUjv| GLv‡bI bM` UvKv Avi GKB Kvq`vq e³…Zv Ges

Xv‡Kk¦ix gw›ì jyU| Gici G‡jv ivgK…ò wgkb| bM` A_© Avi e³…Zvq KvR

n‡jv| ivgK…ò wgk‡b jyUcvU ïiæ n‡jv| Zvici hvIqv n‡jv cyivb XvKvi

ZvwZevRvi, kvLvwicwÆ, evsjvevRvi, gvjvKv‡Uvjv, wgje¨vivK, ¸kvBevwo,

bvwi›`v, wUKvUyjx, Bmjvgcyi BZ¨vw` RvqMvq| wKš‘ bv, GUv cy‡iv‡bv XvKv,

GLv‡b mevB cwiwPZ| GLv‡b e³…Zv Kiv hv‡e bv| GLv‡b ïay UvKvi Dci w`‡q

KvR Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ g Ívb, mš¿vmx I †bkv‡Lvi MÖæc‡K cÖPzi UvKv

†`qv n‡jv| UvKvq K_v ejj| cyivZb XvKvi wn› y‡ì †gvKvg eëmv cÖwZôvb

evwoN‡i jyUcvU Avi¤¢ n‡jv|

N›Uv wZb-Pv‡iK c‡i avbgwÐ ewÎk b¤‡i e½eÜz fe‡b we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K mviv kn‡i wn› y–gymwjg mv¤úª`vwqK `v½v ev ivqU

jvwM‡q †`qvi mdj msev` w`‡j wZwb †eRvq Lywk‡Z AvcøyZ n‡q e‡j I‡Vb,

GB †Zv Kv‡Ri †Q‡j| Zzwb bv n‡j wK nq? ZvB †Zv Avwg †Zvgv‡K LyuwR|

mvg‡bi wbe©vP‡b †Zvgv‡K Avwg †gv‡m`cyi †_‡K (†MvcvjM‡Äi †gvK‡m`cyi-

Kvwkqvwb Avmb) Ggwc evbve|

mviv †`‡k wn› y–gymjgvb ivqU ïiæ n‡jv| fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x bimxgv ivI

XvKv G‡jb bv| mvK© m‡¤§jb cÛ n‡jv|

10B wW‡m¤i 1992 mvj, e„n¯úwZevi, NvZK `vjvj wbg~©j KwgwUi †bÎx

knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi Wv‡K MYAv`vjZ KZ…©K †NvwlZ hy×vcivax

†Mvjvg Avh‡gi duvwmi ivq Kvh©Ki Kivi `vwe‡Z gvbe-eÜb Kg©m~Px‡Z wn› y

m¤úª`vq †hvM`vb Kij bv|

gvÎ K‡qKw`b Av‡M N‡U hvIqv wn› y–gymjgvb ivq‡Ui Kvi‡Y hy×vcivax

NvZK †Mvjvg Avh‡gi duvwmi `vwe‡Z gvbe-eÜb Kg©m~Px‡Z wn› y m¤úª`vq

†hvM`vb Ki‡e bv, GUv cÖvq wbwðZ wQj| Avi †mB Kvi‡YB NvZK `vjvj wbg©~j

I gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv ev Íevqb KwgwUi †bÎx knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg Av‡M

†_‡KB Avgiv hviv gyw³‡hv×v Avgv‡ì mv‡_ Nwbô †hvMv‡hvM K‡i eÜz-evÜe,

cwievi-cwiRb wb‡q 10B wW‡m¤‡ii gvbe-eÜb Kg©m~Px‡Z †hvM`vb Kivi

AvnŸvb Rvbvb| GKRb gyw³‡hv×v wn‡m‡e knx` Rbbxi AvnŸv‡b mvov bv w`‡q

cvwiwb|

ZvQvov wn› y–gymwjg mv¤úª`vwqK `v½v m„wó Avgv‡K g‡g© g‡g© AvNvZ

KiwQj| G Rb¨B e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K bv Rvwb‡q Avgvi GKgvÎ wkï

Kb¨v ¯Y©jZv I wcÖqZgv ¿x gqbv‡K m‡½ wb‡q gvbe-eÜb Kg©m~Px‡Z AskMÖnY

Kwi| gvbe-eÜb Kg©m~Pxi c‡ii w`b 11B wW‡m¤i, 1992 ïµevi ˆ`wbK

†fv‡ii KvMR I ˆ`wbK AvR‡Ki KvMR–Gi cÖ_g cvZvq eo K‡i Avgv‡ì

(Avwg, Avgvi Kb¨v Ges Avgvi ¯¿xi) Qwe †Q‡c wjW wbDR K‡i|

†fv‡ii KvMR I AvR‡Ki KvM‡Ri GB Qwe †`‡L Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv fxlY †i‡M hvb Ges †Uwj‡d‡bi gva¨‡g Avgv‡K Riæix Zje

K‡ib|

mKvj `kUv bvMv` 29 wg‡›Uv †ivW–G we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbvi

evmfe‡b †cuŠ‡Q Kv‡Vi wmuwo w`‡q †`vZvjvi †ejKwb‡Z D‡V †`wL e½eÜz Kb¨v

M¤¢xi n‡q †e‡Zi †Pqv‡i e‡m Av‡Qb| Avgv‡K †`‡LB †fv‡ii KvMR I

AvR‡Ki KvMR cwÎKv yÕwU Avgvi w`‡K Quy‡o †g‡i D‡ËwRZ n‡q ej‡jb, GB

†Zvgv‡ì wek¦vm! gy‡L GK K_v Avi Kv‡R Avi GK|

cwÎKv yÕwU nv‡Z wbjvg Ges GB cÖ_g mcwiev‡i cwÎKvq wb‡R‡ì Qwe

†`‡L ey‡S †djjvg NUbv A‡bK Lvivc| AvR Kcv‡j A‡bK Lvivwe Av‡Q|

e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡Z jvM‡jb, †bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ GB

†Zvgv‡ì Av ’v, GB wek¦vm, GB AvbyMZ¨| †hLv‡b Avwg wb‡R Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi

111 112

Kg©m~Px‡Z †Zvgv‡ì AskMÖnY Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡iwQ Ges Ab¨ Kg©xiv hv‡Z

AskMÖnY Ki‡Z bv cv‡i Zvi `vwqZ¡ †Zvgv‡K w`‡qwQ, †mLv‡b Zzwg wb‡RB †Kvb

Av‡°‡j eD-ev”Pv wb‡q nvwRi n‡j? GKw`‡K _vK| Rvnvbviv cQ›` nq

Rvnvbviv Bgvg‡K wb‡qB _vK| Avgvi w`‡K Avi G‡mv bv|

Avwg Pzc K‡i fvewQ GLb wK ejv hvq, gv_vq GKUv eyw× G‡jv| ax‡i

ax‡i ejjvg, †bÎx Avwg wKQz ej‡Z PvB|

Zzwg Avevi Kx ejev, †Zvgvi Avevi Kx ejvi Av‡Q? e‡jv|

†bÎx, Avgiv †Zv Avm‡j †g‡qi (¯Y©jZvi) RyZv †Kbvi Rb¨ G¨vwj‡d›U

†ivW hvw”Qjvg| wKš‘ Avcbvi wb‡ ©k cvjb Kivi Rb¨ GKUz Av‡M fv‡MB

†ewi‡qwQjvg Ges †cÖmK¬ve G‡m AšÍZ wZbk Kg©x‡K Kv‡b Kv‡b Rvnvbviv

Bgv‡gi GB Kg©m~Px‡Z †hvM bv †`qvi Avcbvi wb‡ ©k Rvwb‡q we`vq K‡iwQ|

wKš‘ d‡Uv mvsevw`K‡ì Lài †_‡K euvP‡Z cvijvg bv| Zviv bv‡Qvoev›`v,

d‡Uv bv Zz‡j QvojB bv| Avm‡j GUv gvbe-eÜb Kg©m~Pxi d‡Uv bv| K…wÎgfv‡e

†Zvjv GB Qwe| gvÎ K‡qK w`b Av‡M ivqU n‡q †Mj| †gŠjev`xivI mwµq,

†`‡ki GB DËß cwiw ’wZ Avwg eD-ev”Pv wb‡q Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi gvbe-eÜb

Kg©m~Px‡Z hve? Avgvi wK gv_v Lvivc n‡q‡Q? Avgiv ïay Avcbvi wb‡ ©k cvjb

Kivi Rb¨B GB SzuwK wb‡q †mLv‡b wM‡qwQ|

†Zvgiv †Zv GB iKgB KvR Kiev, wn‡Z wecixZ Kiev, †Zvgv‡ì wb‡q

hw` GKUzI wbwðšÍ _vKv hvq! eyS GBevi †Vjv, mevB cwÎKvi Qwe‡Z †`L‡e

†kL nvwmbvi wbR¯ †jv‡KB Rvnvbviv Bgv‡bi Kg©m~Px‡Z| GLb Avi Kv‡K

wb‡la Kiev bv hvIqvi Rb¨| †Zvgv‡ì wb‡q Avgvi hZ R¡vjv|

†dwi AvUwK‡q †d‡j ivLv

Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zvi miKvwi evmfeb 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡W

ycy‡ii LvIqv †L‡Z †L‡Z ej‡jb, †ek wKQzw`b n‡jv Uzw½cvov hvB bv| P‡jv

AvMvgxKvj Uzw½cvovq hvB| AvBWeøyDwUG (Af¨šÍixY †bŠ cwienb)Õ†K we‡kl

(†¯úkvj) †dwi ivLvi wb‡ ©k w`‡q `vI|

†bÎxi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡jv †Kvb c‡_ hvIqv n‡e? AvwiPv w`‡q bv

gvIqv w`‡q?

e½eÜz Kb¨v ej‡jb, AvwiPv w`‡q A‡bK Nyiv nq, A‡bK †`wiI nq| Avi

gvIqv w`‡q c_ Kg| mgqI Kg jv‡M| gvIqv w`‡qB fv‡jv| gvIqvi wZb Nv‡U

(A_©vr a‡jk¦i b`xi yB Nv‡U yBwU Ges cÙv b`xi Nv‡U GKwU) wZbwU †¯úkvj

(we‡kl) †dwi ivLvi wb‡ ©k AvBWweøDwUG–†K w`‡q `vI| †¯úkvj gv‡b n‡jv

†fvi †_‡K hZÿY e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †dwi cvi bv n‡eb ZZÿY

†dwiIqvjv RvZxq cZvKv jvwM‡q Nv‡Ui cv‡k uvwo‡q _vK‡e| GB †¯úkvj

n‡q _vKv †dwi¸‡jv‡Z †Kv‡bv hvbevnb Ges gvbyl cvi Kiv n‡e bv, hZÿY

ch©šÍ we‡ivax`jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv cvi bv n‡eb| d‡j cÖPÛ hvbRU Ges b`x

cvivcv‡ii gvbylRU n‡e| N›Uvi ci N›Uv GgbwK mvivw`b ch©šÍ gvbyl Ges

hvbevnb †dwi‡Z b`x cvivcv‡ii Rb¨ N‡U e‡m _vK‡e| Rbmvavi‡Yi GB

mxgvnxb ~‡f©v‡Mi K_v †f‡eB e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K ejv n‡jv †bÎx,

gvIqv †iv‡W wZbwU †dwi, we‡kl K‡i a‡jk¦ix b`xi yB Nv‡U ywU †dwi

†¯úkvj K‡i †i‡L w`‡j GB iv¯Ívq cÖPÛ hvbRU n‡e| gvby‡li mxgvnxb y‡f©vM

n‡e| Zvi †P‡q AvwiPv w`‡q GKwU †dwi cvi n‡Z nq, Avgiv AvwiPv w`‡q

hvB|

DË‡i e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, hvbRU n‡e y‡f©vM n‡e ZvB e‡j

wK Avwg c_ Pjv †Q‡o wè? Avwg gvIqv w`‡qB hve| Zzwg AvBWweøDwUG–†K

wZbwU †dwi †¯úkvj Kivi wb‡ ©k `vI| †hB K_v †mB KvR| †Uwj‡dv‡b

AvBWweøDwUG–†K gvIqv Nv‡U wZbwU †dwi †¯úkvj Kivi wb‡ ©k †`qv n‡jv|

iv‡Z wg‡›Uv †ivW †_‡K we`vq wb‡q Avmvi mgq Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K ejjvg,

†bÎx, Avgvi evmv †_‡K eywoM½v (ˆgÎx †mZz) weªR A_©vr gvIqv †ivW Pvi-cuvP

wgwb‡Ui iv¯Ív| Avwg wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi D‡ëv iv Ívq bv G‡m eywoM½v weªR †_‡K

Avcbvi mv‡_ GKwÎZ n‡Z PvB|

†bÎx ej‡jb, bv D‡ëv Avm‡e †Kb, Zzwg eywoM½v weªR †_‡KB GKwÎZ

n‡qv| Avi m‡½ gqbv‡K (gqbv gv‡b Avgvi ¯¿x) wb‡q wbI|

wVK Av‡Q †bÎx| e‡j we`vq wbjvg|

ciw`b mKvj mvZUvq Avgv‡ì Mvwo‡Z K‡i ¯¿x gqbv Avi Kb¨v ¯Y©jZv‡K

m‡½ wb‡q iIbv njvg| cuvP wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨B eywoM½v weª‡R †cuŠ‡Q e½eÜz Kb¨v

we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbvi A‡cÿvq iBjvg| Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi

mKvj mvZUvq iIbv nIqvi K_v Ges Aek¨B mv‡o mvZUv–AvUUvi g‡a¨

eywoM½v weª‡R †cuŠQvi K_v| mv‡o AvUUv ch©šÍ eywoM½v weª‡R A‡cÿv K‡i †bÎx

bv Avmvq a‡jk¦i †dwi Nv‡U A‡cÿv Kie wPšÍv K‡i P‡j Gjvg| a‡jk¦i †dwi

Nv‡U G‡m †`wL RvZxq cZvKv Uvw½‡q GKwU †dwi Nv‡Ui cv‡k e½eÜz Kb¨vi

Rb¨ A‡cÿv Ki‡Q| A‡cÿv Ki‡Q cywjk evwnbxi GKwU `j| Avi †dwiNv‡U

Aj‡iwW hvbRU ïiæ n‡q †M‡Q| Nv‡Ui ywU †dwii g‡a¨ GKwU †¯úkvj n‡q

113 114

Av‡Q| AewkówU hvbevnb cvi K‡i Kzjv‡Z cvi‡Q bv| †ejv `kUv †e‡R †Mj|

A_P we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv Avm‡Qb bv; Z‡e wK Kg©m~Pxi †Kv‡bv

cwieZ©b n‡jv? cywjk evwnbxi Awdmv‡ii Kv‡Q wR‡Ám Kijvg| cywjk

Awdmvi ejj, Avgiv †Zv we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx GB c‡_ hv‡eb †mB wWDwU‡ZB

AvwQ|

Gici Avwg cÖ_g †dwi NvU cvi n‡q wØZxq †dwi Nv‡U G‡m †`Ljvg

GLv‡bI GKwU †dwi RvZxq cZvKv Uvw½‡q †¯úkvj n‡q e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi A‡cÿv Ki‡Q| Avi cvivcv‡ii A‡cÿvq _vKv gvby‡li mxgvnxb y‡f©vM

ïiæ n‡q †M‡Q| a‡jk¦i wØZxq †dwiI †ejv ev‡ivUv bvMv` cvi n‡q Gjvg|

Gevi Gjvg gvIqv †dwi Nv‡U| GLv‡bI GKUv my›ì eo †dwi meyR-jvj

RvZxq cZvKv Uvw½‡q Nv‡Ui evB‡i A‡cÿv Ki‡Q| cywj‡ki GKwU we‡kl `jI

GLv‡b A‡cÿv Ki‡Q|

Avgvi ¯¿x gqbv‡K ejjvg, GKUv †dwi G‡jB Avgiv cÙv cvi n‡q

dwi`cy‡ii fv½v wM‡q A‡cÿv Kie| KviY ejv †Zv hvq bv, e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv AvwiPv w`‡q P‡j †h‡Z cv‡ib|

gqbv ejj, ~i! Zv nq bv| GLv‡b wZbUv †dwi A‡cÿv Ki‡Q, RvqMvq

RvqMvq cywjk evwnbx A‡cÿv Ki‡Q| †bÎx AvwiPv w`‡q P‡j †M‡j Aek¨B

GKUv msev` (Bbdi‡gkb) w`‡Zb| hv‡Z K‡i Dbvi (†kL nvwmbvi) A‡cÿvq

_vKv †dwi Ges cywjk †¯úkvj wWDwU †Q‡o bigvj (¯^vfvweK) wWDwU‡Z wd‡i

†hZ|

GKUv eo †dwi G‡j, Avwg †dwi‡Z Mvwo Zzjjvg| cÙv cvi n‡q

dwi`cy‡ii fv½vq G‡m A‡cÿv Ki‡Z _vKjvg| Avav N›UvLv‡bK A‡cÿvq

_vKvi ci †`Ljvg e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi RvZxq cZvKvevnx Mvwo

dwi`cy‡ii w`K †_‡K Avm‡Q| A_©vr Rb‡bÎx we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv

AvwiPv w`‡q G‡m‡Qb| Avgv‡ì †`‡L †bÎx nvZ bvov‡jb| Avgiv Zvi (†kL

nvwmbvi Mvwoi en‡ii mv‡_ †hvM w`jvg| Pj‡Z _vKjvg| †MvcvjMÄ mvwK©U

nvD‡R e½eÜz Kb¨vmn mK‡j G‡m _vgjvg| Rb‡bÎx we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K ejjvg, gvIqv w`‡q bv G‡m AvwiPv w`‡q G‡jb?

wZwb ej‡jb, †K Rvwb ejj gvIqv iv¯Ívi Kv‡c©wUs my›ì bv, ZvB AvwiPv

w`‡q Gjvg|

gvIqv iv Ívq wZb wZbwU †dwi A‡cÿv Ki‡Q, cywjk A‡cÿv Ki‡Q, GKUv

Bbdi‡gkb †Zv cvVv‡eb! †bÎx Zvi mv‡_ Avmv e¨w³‡ì ej‡jb, †Zvgiv

Bbdi‡gkb †Ì bvB? DË‡i †KD †Kv‡bv K_v ejj bv| Avwg ejjvg, nvRvi

nvRvi gvbyl N›Uvi ci N›Uv iv Ívq hvbR‡U b`x cvivcv‡ii A‡cÿvq Kó

Ki‡Q| we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, iv Ívq

eBmv _vKv GB †Zv? G Avi wK Kó! ZvQvov G‡`‡ki gvBb‡li (gvby‡li) †Zv

Avi †Zgb KvRKg© †bB| iv¯ÍvqB bv nq N›Uvi N›Uv cvi K‡i w`‡jv, G‡Z wK

Avi Ggb, Zzwg G wb‡q †ewk wPšÍv KB‡iv bv|

AZtci mÜ¨vi w`‡K †kL nvwmbvi wcÎvjq Ges wcZvi Kei Uzw½cvovq

†cuŠQjvg|

†kL nvwmbv–†Mvjvg Avhg 2q êVK

30†k Rvbyqvwi 1994 XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb Gi †gqi I Kwgkbvi

wbe©vPb| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv I Zvi `j AvIqvgx jxM XvKv gnvbMi

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ †gvnv¤§` nvwbd‡K XvKvi †gqi c‡` g‡bvbqb

w`‡q‡Q|

†Zvo‡Rv‡o wbe©vPbx cÖcvMvÛv GwM‡q Pj‡Q| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

†_‡K ïiæ K‡i `‡ji mKj †bZvKg©xB evwo evwo wM‡q †fvUvi‡ì Kv‡Q †gqi

c‡` gvQ gvK©vq nvwb‡di Rb¨ †fvU PvB‡Q| AwaK ivZ ch©šÍ Pj‡Q wgwQj Ges

wbe©vPbx Rbmfv| cÖwZwU cvov-gnjøv, Awj-Mwj‡Z Pj‡Q †gqi Kwgkbvi

wbe©vP‡bi KvR| AvIqvgx jxM, weGbwc, RvZxq cvwU©, RvgvqvZ, KwgDwb÷

cvwU©mn mKj ivR‰bwZK `j wbe©vPbx Kv‡R fxlY e¨ Í| XvKvq UvbUvb

D‡ËRbv| wbe©vP‡bi Avi gvÎ K‡qK w`b evwK| 25†k Rvbyqvwi mÜ¨v‡ejvq

avbgwÐ 8/G †iv‡W e½eÜyi PvPv‡Zv fvB †kL nvwdRyi ingvb †UvK‡bi evmvq

(†kL nvwdRyi ingvb †UvKb eZ©gv‡b e½eÜz hv`yN‡ii gnvmwPe) Õ71–Gi

hy×vcivax RvgvqvZ †bZv NvZK †Mvjvg Avh‡gi mv‡_ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi wØZxq `dv êVK nq| GB êV‡K NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg †gqi wbe©vP‡b

weGbwc cÖv_©x‡K mg_©b bv †`qvi Avk¦vm w`‡j †kL nvwmbvI ivRbxwZ‡Z

RvgvqvZ‡K AvµgY bv Kivi Avk¦vm †`b|

wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwe

AvR 30†k Rvbyqvwi 1994| XvKvq cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv mivmwi RbM‡Yi

†fv‡U †gqi wbe©vPb Pj‡Q| mKvj AvUUv †_‡K weiwZnxbfv‡e weKvj 04:00

NwUKv ch©šÍ GKUvbv †fvU MÖnY Kiv n‡e| MZ iv‡ZB Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb, AvR 30†k Rvbyqvwi mKvj 06:00 NwUKvq 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡W

115 116

Zvi evmvq nvwRi nIqvi Rb¨| wb‡ ©k †gvZv‡eK †bÎxi evmvq mKvj †cŠ‡b

QÕUvq nvwRi n‡qwQ| e½eÜz Kb¨v Nyg †_‡K DV‡jb, GKm‡½ bv Ív Ki‡jb|

Zvici mKvj †cŠ‡b mvZUvq Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi jvj is‡qi wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wRc

Mvwo‡Z K‡i Avgv‡ì m‡½ wb‡q †ewi‡q co‡jb| e½eÜz Kb¨ cÖ_‡g †M‡jb

†k‡ievsjv bM‡ii ivRavbx nvB ¯‹z‡j| Zvici †M‡jb avbgwÐ e‡qR nvB ¯‹z‡j,

Gici †M‡jb avbgwÐ ewÎ‡k Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) wcZvi evwo e½eÜz fe‡b|

†mLv‡b wKQzÿY A‡cÿv K‡i Pv †L‡q wb‡Ri †fvUvi w¯øc wb‡q P‡j G‡jb wmwU

K‡j‡R †fvU w`‡Z| wmwU K‡j‡R †fvU †`qv †kl K‡i, Av‡iv wKQz †fvU‡K› ª

Ny‡i †ejv GMviUv bvMv` wd‡i G‡jb 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡W Zvi miKvwi evmfe‡b|

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi evmfe‡b wd‡i Avmvi `k-c‡bi wgwb‡Ui

g‡a¨ G‡m Dcw ’Z n‡jb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi hyM¥ m¤úv`K (eZ©gv‡b AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨) bIM uvi Avãyj Rwjj| mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K Avãyj

Rwjj ej‡jb, †bÎx Avgv‡ì Ae ’v fv‡jv bv| Avgiv wbe©vP‡b wRZ‡Z cvie

bv| Avgv‡ì †jvK‡ì †fvU‡K› ª †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡”Q| Avcbv‡K †Zv Av‡MB

e‡jwQ AvIqvgx jxM n‡jv niZvj Avi Av‡›`vj‡bi `j, wbe©vP‡bi `j bv|

Avcwb LvgvLv wbe©vP‡b hvb|

Avãyj Rwj‡ji K_v †kl bv n‡ZB G‡m nvwRi n‡jb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

mvaviY m¤úv`K (eZ©gv‡b GjwRAviwW gš¿x) wRjøyi ingvb| wRjøyi ingv‡bi

†cQ‡b †cQ‡b G‡jb †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ (eZ©gv‡b cvwb m¤ú` gš¿x) Avãyi

iv¾vKmn Ab¨vb¨ †bZ…e„›`|

GKgvÎ Avãyi iv¾vK Qvov mKj †bZ…e„‡›ìB GK K_v, †gqi wbe©vP‡b

e¨vcK KviPzwc n‡”Q| Avgv‡ì Kg©x‡ì †fvU‡K› ª †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡”Q|

wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwe Kiv †nvK| Av‡›`vjb Kiv †nvK BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw`|

†cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ Avãyi iv¾vK ej‡jb, wbe©vP‡b KviPzwc n‡”Q, Avgv‡ì

Kg©x‡ì †ei K‡i †`qv n‡”Q, GUv wK Avcbviv †KD †fvU‡K‡› ª wM‡q †`‡L‡Qb?

†bZviv †KD †Kv‡bv DËi w`‡jb bv, †Kv‡bv K_vI †KD ej‡jb bv, mevB

Pzc|

Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, GUv Avevi †fvU‡K‡› ª wM‡q

†`L‡Z nq bvwK? Iiv †Zv †fvU KviPzwc Ki‡eB| GLb bv Ki‡j GKUz c‡i

Ki‡e| Kv‡RB Avgv‡ì wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwe Ki‡Z n‡e Ges GB Bmy¨ wb‡q

weGbwc miKvi cZb Av‡›`vjb Ki‡Z n‡e| Lv‡j`v wRqv miKv‡ii cZb

NUv‡Z n‡e| m‡½ m‡½ †Uwej †Uwj‡dvb †mU (†h †mU w`‡q Dcw ’Z mK‡j

ïb‡Z cv‡i) w`‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ¯qs cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi‡K

†dvb Ki‡jb| cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi‡K bv †c‡q Ab¨ GKRb wbe©vPb

Kwgkbvi‡K wbe©vPb evwZj Kivi K_v ej‡j, wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi we¯§‡qi mv‡_

ej‡jb, g¨vWvg, wbe©vPb evwZj †Zv ~‡ii K_v, †Kv‡bv †fvU‡K‡› ªi wbe©vPb

¯’wMZ Kivi g‡ZvI †Kv‡bv Bbdi‡gkb GLb ch©šÍ Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q Av‡mwb|

Rev‡e Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Avgvi Kv‡Q Bbdi‡gkb Av‡Q

wbe©vP‡b KviPzwc n‡”Q| Avwg ejwQ – wbe©vPb evwZj K‡ib|

wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi ej‡jb, g¨vWvg Avcwb KvBÛwj e‡jb, †Kvb †K‡› ª

KviPzwc n‡”Q, Avgiv Aek¨B Zvi eë¯’v †be|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ÔPxd& B‡jKkb Kwgkbvi‡K ej‡eb Avgv‡K †dvb

Ki‡ZÕ e‡j †dvb †i‡L w`‡jb| Gici cÖvq cÖwZ N›Uvq N›Uvq wbe©vPb Kwgk‡b

wbe©vPb evwZj Kivi `vwe Rvwb‡q †dvb Kiv ïiæ n‡jv| weKvj 04:00 Uv bvMv`

GKevi cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwei

Rev‡e ej‡jb, g¨vWvg Avwg B‡Zvg‡a¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq eë¯’v wb‡qwQ| mvgvb¨

†Mvj‡hv‡Mi Kvi‡Y Avwg K‡qKwU †fvU‡K‡› ªi †fvM ¯’wMZ K‡iwQ|

†kL nvwmbv cybivq wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwe Ki‡j cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi

e‡jb, g¨vWvg Avwg wbe©vPb Kwgk‡b e‡m †bB| Avwg mivmwi †fvU †K‡› ª wM‡q

wb‡RB wbe©vPb ch©‡eÿY KiwQ| Avcwb wbwð‡šÍ _vKzb, †h †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxq

wm×všÍ wb‡Z Avwg †gv‡UB wcQcv ne bv|

nu¨v, Avcwb wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji wm×všÍ wbb| Avwg c‡i Avevi †dvb Kie

e‡jB Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †dvb †i‡L w`‡jb| Gici cÖvq c‡bi evi †dvb

K‡iI cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi‡K cvIqv †Mj bv| wKš‘ ivZ `kUvi mgq cÖavb

wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi‡K cvIqv †Mj| cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi †dvb ai‡ZB e½eÜz

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv D”P¯‡i ej‡jb, wK n‡jv, wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji †NvlYv w`‡jb bv?

cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi ej‡jb, g¨vWvg Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q †h djvdj G‡m‡Q

Zv‡Z †gqi c‡` gvQ gvK©vq †gvnv¤§` nvwbd wecyj †fv‡U GwM‡q i‡q‡Q| GLb

Avgiv wK wbe©vPb evwZj †NvlYv Kie?

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, R¡x R¡x wK ej‡jb?

nu¨v g¨vWvg, GLb ch©šÍ cÖvß djvdj Abyhvqx †gqi c‡` gvQ gvK©vq

†gvnv¤§` nvwbd wecyj †fv‡U GwM‡q i‡q‡Q Ges †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di †gqi nIqv

cÖvq wbwðZ| Avgiv wK GB wbe©vPbx djvdj evwZj Kie?

117 118

ZvB bvwK, ZvB bvwK, bv bv evwZj Ki‡eb †Kb? Avcwb †Lqvj ivL‡eb

hv‡Z GB djvdj D‡ë bv hvq| Avwg c‡i Avevi Avcbvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM

Kie|

Gici Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †Uwej †Uwj‡dvb †mU eÜ K‡i Dcw ’Z

mKj‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ej‡jb, ïb‡jb †Zv nvwbd bvwK †gqi n‡q hv‡”Q| GLb

†Zv Avgv‡ì wbe©vPb evwZ‡ji `vwe Kiv wVK n‡e bv, wK e‡jb?

wRjøyi ingvb ej‡jb, †`‡Lb GBUv Avevi †Kvb Pvj|

Avãyi iv¾vK ej‡jb, †bÎx, wbe©vPb Kwgk‡b Avgvi GKRb Nwbô †jvK

Av‡Q| Avwg Zvi Kv‡Q wM‡q mwVK Lei wb‡q Avwm|

mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, ZvB hvb| Avcbviv mK‡jB hvb, hvi

†hLv‡b †jvK Av‡Q †mLvb †_‡KB mwVK LeiUv msMÖn K‡ib|

ivZ ZLb eviUv, mevB P‡j †Mj| GKgvÎ Avãyi iv¾vK Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv

†bZvB iv‡Z wd‡i G‡jb bv| ivZ †òUvi w`‡K Avãyi iv¾vK wg‡›Uv †iv‡W

G‡m ej‡jb, mfv‡bÎx †Kv_vq, nvwbd †Z †gqi n‡q †M‡Q| wbe©vPb Kwgkb

†`wk-we‡`kx mg Í wbDR wgwWqv‡Z nvwb‡di †gqi nIqvi djvdj cvwV‡q

w`‡q‡Q| GLb nvwbd †emiKvwifv‡e XvKvi †gqi| mfv‡bÎx‡K msevÙv w`‡Z

nq|

Avcwb e‡mb e‡j Dc‡i †Mjvg| mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wWm Gw›Ubvq wnw›`

wdj¥ †`LwQ‡jb| Zv‡K Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki Avmvi msev` Ges nvwb‡di

†emiKvwifv‡e †gqi nIqvi msev` w`‡j wZwb e‡jb, nvwb‡di Kcvj fv‡jv|

Avãyi iv¾vK †`Lv Ki‡Z Pvq Rvbv‡j †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, ~i! QweUv R‡g

D‡V‡Q GB mgq †`Lv‡ULv n‡e bv| Zzwg e‡j `vI Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) Nywg‡q

c‡owQ|

Z_v ‘ †bÎx, e‡j wb‡P G‡m Avãyi iv¾vK‡K ejv n‡jv Avcwb Pj hvb,

†bÎx Nywg‡q c‡o‡Qb| AvR Avi DV‡eb bv|

Avãyi iv¾vK P‡j †M‡j Gici †dvb G‡jv †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ (eZ©gv‡b

ciivóª gš¿x) Avãym mvgv` AvRv` Gi| mfv‡bÎx‡K mvgv` AvRv‡ì †dv‡bi

K_v ejv n‡j, wZwb H GKB K_v e‡jb, ~i! wm‡bgvUv R‡g D‡V‡Q| e‡j `vI

Nywg‡q †MwQ| Gici †_‡K †hB †dvb KiæK e‡j †`‡e Nywg‡q †MwQ|

Gici †_‡K we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv †h iæ‡g e‡m wWm Gw›Ubvq

wnw›` wdj¥ †`L‡Qb †mB iæg †_‡KB n¨vÛ‡mU w`‡q †hB †dvb Ki‡Q Zv‡KB

e‡j †`qv n‡PQ †bÎx Nygv‡”Qb| GB wb‡q Avevi Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Ges

Dcw ’Z wnw›` wdj¥ `k©K‡ì gv‡S nvmvnvwmi †ivj c‡o †Mj|

†kL nvwmbv Ges †gqi nvwbd

ciw`b weKvj‡ejv e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, wK‡i, GZ

†jvK Av‡m hvq, GZ dz‡ji †Zvov, dz‡ji gvjv nvwbd‡K (m`¨ bewbe©vwPZ

†gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd) †`LwQ bv! GLb ch©šÍ nvwbd GKUv †dvbI Kij bv|

e¨vcviUv Kx? wVL Av‡Q †Zv, bv fvBMv-UvBMv †Mj| GB †gqi nIqvi †jv‡fB

wKš‘ nvwbd ˆ¯ivPvix †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì RvZxq cvwU©‡Z †hvM w`‡qwQj|

Gikv‡ì Kv‡Q PvÝ bv †c‡q nvwbd †gqi nIqvi Rb¨ Avevi Avgvi Kv‡Q wd‡i

G‡m‡Q| Avwg GK †KvwU mvZwÎk jÿ UvKv LiP K‡i nvwbd‡K †gqi K‡iwQ|

ZvovZvwo †LuvR Lei bvI| †dvb K‡iv Ges GKRb nvwb‡di evwo‡Z wM‡q †`L

Avmj e¨vcvi Kx?

m`¨ wbe©vwPZ †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di evmvq †dvb K‡i ejv n‡jv, Rb‡bÎx

we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv nvwbd fvB‡qi m‡½ K_v ej‡eb|

Rev‡e wg‡mm nvwbd ej‡jb, wZwb Amy¯’ GLb K_v ej‡Z cvi‡eb bv|

mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K G K_v ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) ej‡jb

wkNªB nvwb‡di evmvq hvI| †`L wM‡q NUbv Lvivc|

ZLb mÜ¨v n‡q Avm‡Q| †gqi nvwb‡di evwo Qz‡U hvIqv n‡jv| †gqi

nvwbd ZLb `k-eviRb †jv‡Ki m‡½ K_v ej‡Qb| †mLv‡bB †kvbv †Mj

we‡K‡j jvjev‡Mi weGbwcÕi civwRZ Kwgkbvi cÖv_©x Avãyj AvwRR ¸wj K‡i

mvZRb †jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv K_v ej‡Z †P‡q‡Qb ejvq

†gqi nvwbd ej‡jb, †bÎx‡K Avgvi mvjvg wÌ, e‡jv Avgvi kixiUv Lye

Lvivc, Avwg K_v ej‡Z cviwQ bv| ïay jvjev‡Mi Ly‡bi Rb¨ Avwg Ibv‡ì

mv‡_ K_v ejwQ|

†gqi nvwb‡di evmv †_‡K †mvRv wg‡›Uv †iv‡W G‡m e½eÜz Kb¨v‡K

jvjev‡Mi weGbwc Kwgkbvi cÖv_©x AvwRR KZ…©K mvZRb‡K Lyb Kivi msev`

w`‡j e½eÜz Kb¨v Lywk‡Z wR‡›`wM wR‡›`wM Mvb MvB‡Z _v‡Kb Avi bvP‡Z

_v‡Kb|

iægv‡j wMømvwib

ciw`b mKv‡j jvjev‡M wbnZ mvZR‡bi jvk XvKv †gwW‡Kj K‡jR

nvmcvZv‡ji g‡M© †`L‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡Z _v‡Kb,

Avgvi (†kL nvwmbv) iægv‡j GKUz wMømvwib †g‡L `vI, H †h bvwqKviv

Awfb‡qi mgq wMømvwib w`‡q †Pv‡Li cvwb †ei K‡i Kvbœvi Awfbq K‡i| Avgvi

119 120

iægv‡j H iKg wMømvwib jvwM‡q `vI, hv‡Z Avwg jvk †`‡L iægvj ai‡ZB

†Pv‡L cvwb G‡m hvq|

GKRb ejj wMømvwi‡bi ìKvi †bB, ïay †Pv‡L iægvj a‡i ivL‡eb,

Zv‡ZB g‡b n‡e Avcwb Kuv`‡Qb| Avi Avgiv d‡Uv mvsNvwZK (d‡Uv mvsevw`K)

fvB‡ì e‡j †`‡ev Qwei wb‡P Avcwb Kuv`‡Qb K¨vckb jvwM‡q w`‡Z|

nvmcvZv‡ji g‡M© wbnZ mvZR‡bi jvk †`‡L e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

†Pv‡L iægvj ai‡j m‡½ m‡½ d‡Uv mvsevw`KMY AmsL¨ Qwe Zzjj| Qwe †Zvjv

†k‡l e½eÜz Kb¨v Mvwo‡Z DV‡jb| Mvwo Pj‡Z ïiæ Kij| ZLbI e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbvi †Pv‡L iægvj| Mvwoi PvjK WªvBfvi Rvjvj ejj, Avcv (†kL

nvwmbv) GLb iægvj bvgvb, d‡Uv mvsevw`K †bB|

Mvwoi mKj Av‡ivnx †n‡m DVj| Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, wVK g‡Zv

†`‡LQ †Zv, †Kv‡bv d‡Uv mvsevw`K †bB †Zv?

bv †bB|

Zvn‡j Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) Gevi iægvj bvgvB|

AvR Avwg †ewk Lve

29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi evmvq G‡m e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, gqbv

(wg‡mm gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uz) LvIqv-`vIqv †ewk K‡i G‡bQ †Zv? jvk †`‡L

G‡mwQ, jvk| AvR Avwg †ewk K‡i Lve|

Zvici wZwb wR‡›`wM wR‡›`wM MvB‡Z MvB‡Z bvP‡Z jvM‡jb| mwZ¨ mwZ¨B

wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) A¯vfvweK iK‡gi †ewk †L‡jb| Ggwb‡ZB wZwb (†kL

nvwmbv) wewfbœ Av‡›`vjb-msMÖv‡g wbnZ‡ì jvk †`‡L ¯vfvwe‡Ki PvB‡Z A‡bK

†ewk †L‡Zb| wKš‘ AvR †L‡jb A¯vfvwe‡Ki PvB‡ZI A‡bK †ewk|

UvKvi fvM w`‡Z n‡e

Uzw½cvovq †kL nvwmbvi wcZv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL

gywRei ingv‡bi Ke‡i wM‡q †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di AvbyôvwbK kc_ †bqvi

w`bÿY P‚ovšÍ Kiv n‡jv| XvKv †_‡K e½eÜz Kb¨v we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx Rb‡bÎx

†kL nvwmbv XvKvi †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd‡K m‡½ wb‡q Uzw½cvovq hv‡eb Ges

†mLv‡b †emiKvwifv‡e nvwbd †gqi wn‡m‡e kc_ †b‡eb| wbw ©ó w`‡b

mKvj‡ejv mK‡jB Uzw½cvovq hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z| wKš‘ †gqi nvwbd G‡jb bv|

Uzw½cvovq hvIqv n‡jv bv| †gqi nvwb‡di m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM Kiv n‡j wZwb

ej‡jb, wZwb Amy¯’| Gici †gqi nvwbd †kL nvwmbvi evmv, AvIqvgx jxM

Awdm †Kv_vI G‡jb bv| AvbyôvwbKfv‡e †gqi c‡` †gvnv¤§` nvwbd kc_

wb‡jb| XvKvi †gq‡ii `vwqZ¡fvi wb‡jb| nU jvB‡bi †iW †Uwj‡dv‡b cÖwZw`b

yB GKevi cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi mv‡_ K_v e‡jb| cÖwZw`b bv n‡jI

cÖvq cÖwZw`b cÖavbgš¿x Lv‡j`v wRqvi m‡½ †`Lv K‡ib Ges hyw³ civgk© K‡i

wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb cwiPvjbv K‡ib| wKš‘ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Ges AvIqvgx

jxM †bZvKg©x I AvIqvgx jxM Awd‡mi wÎmxgvbvqI Av‡mb bv| e½eÜz Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv Kcvj Pvcovb Avi ej‡Z _v‡Kb,

wbgKnvivg, †eCgvb, I‡i Avwg GK †KvwU mvZwÎk jÿ UvKv LiP K‡i †gqi

K‡iwQ| †eCgvb wbgKnvivg|

†h Av‡m, hv‡K cvb Zvi Kv‡QB wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) GB K_v ej‡Z

jvM‡jb|

GKRb ejj, wVK Av‡Q nvwbd fvB †gqi n‡q‡Q, UvKv Kvgv‡e, UvKv

Lv‡e, LvK, Avgiv †Zv Avi fvM PvB bv| wKš‘ `‡ji KvR Ki‡e bv †Kb?

Rev‡e e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, †Kb? GKv UvKv Lv‡e †Kb?

Avgv‡ì fvM w`‡Z n‡e| I‡K GK †KvwU mvZwÎk jvL UvKv LiP K‡i †gqi

evwb‡qwQ| †Zvgv‡ì nvZ w`‡qB †Zv H UvKv LiP K‡iwQ| nvwbd †Zv GK

cqmvI LiP K‡i bvB| me Avwg LiP K‡iwQ| GLb nvwbd GKv Lv‡e †Kb?

Avgv‡ìI fvM w`‡Z n‡e| bB‡j Avwg †kL nvwmbv GKw`b bv GKw`b Gi

Dmyj K‡i Qvoe|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv K_v ej‡eb, KZ kZevi †dvb Kiv nq, †gqi

nvwbd †dvb a‡i bv| Avm‡Z ejv nq, †`Lv Ki‡Z ejv nq| nvwbd Av‡m bv,

†`Lv K‡i bv| †jvK cvVv‡j †gqi nvwbd e‡j, hv hv, †hB RvqMvq AvwQm †mB

RvqMvq hv| ÿgZvq hvIqv jvMe bv| †h ch©šÍ AvMvBQm H we‡ivax `j ch©šÍB

_vK, Avi ÿgZvq hvIqv jvMe bv| Avwg †Zv‡Mv j‡M bvB|

Rvnvbviv Bgvg gi‡Q, Avc` †M‡Q

1994 mv‡ji 26†k Ryb mÜ¨v‡ejvq hy³ivóª AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ

†Uwj‡dvb K‡i 26†k Ryb, 1994 knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi g„Zz¨ n‡q‡Q

e‡j msev` w`‡j, Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Avb‡›` bvP‡Z _v‡Kb Avi

ej‡Z _v‡Kb wgwó LvI, wgwó| Avgvi GKUv cÖwZØ›Øx ywbqv †_‡K we`vq

n‡q‡Q| Avjøvn euvPvB‡Q| †bÎx n‡Z †P‡qwPj| Avgvi RvqMv `Lj Ki‡Z

121 122

†P‡qwQj| Rvnvbviv Bgvg g‡i‡Q Avc` †M‡Q| euvPv †M‡Q| Avgvi RvqMv `Lj

Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj| †Zvgiv Rv‡bv bv, BwÛqvb †Mv‡q›`v G‡RwÝ ÔiÕ (fviZxq

†Mv‡q›`v ms ’vi bvg ÔiÕ) Avgvi cwie‡Z© Rvnvbviv Bgvg‡K †bZ…‡Z¡ emv‡Z

†P‡qwQj| †ewU gi‡Q, wgwó LvI| dwKi‡K cqmv †Ì|

Gi K‡qKw`b c‡i knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi jvk gvwK©b hy³ivóª †_‡K

wRqv AvšÍR©vwZK wegvb e›ì G‡j, Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, Pj

Gqvi‡cv‡U© hvB, Avc‡ì jvkUv G‡b Ke‡i †dwj|

Gici Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi jvj is‡qi wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wR‡c K‡i

wegvbe›ì–Gi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIbv n‡jb| †h‡Z †h‡Z ej‡Z jvM‡jb, †ewU

(Rvnvbviv Bgvg) Avgv‡i Am¤¢e R¡vjvB‡Q (R¡vwj‡q‡Q)| Ii giv gyLI †`L‡Z

B‡”Q K‡i bv| wKš‘ bv †h‡q †Zv Dcvq †bB| c‡jwUK&m–Gi (ivRbxwZ) eëmvq

B‡”Q bv _vK‡jI Ki‡Z nq|

†kL nvwmbvi †Uª‡b ¸wj

1994 mv‡ji 22†k †m‡Þ¤i e„n¯úwZevi Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v we‡ivax

`jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv wegvb‡hv‡M h‡kvi n‡q Lyjbv G‡jb Ges we‡K‡j knx`

nvw`m cv‡K©i Rbmfvq fvlY w`‡jb| iv‡Z †bÎxi PvPv‡Zv fvB †kL bv‡m‡ii

eo †Q‡j †kL †njv‡ji evwo‡Z †L‡jb Ges _vK‡jb| ciw`b 23†k †m‡Þ¤i

ïµevi mKvj bqUvi mgq DËie‡½i D‡Ï‡k¨ †Uªb hvÎv ïiæ Ki‡jb| †ek j¤v

†Uªb| A‡bK mvaviY hvÎx Av‡Q †Uª‡b| mvaviY hvÎxiv Rv‡b bv ev eyS‡Z cvi‡Q

bv, †kL nvwmbvi †ijc‡_ mfv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z hvIqv GB †Uªb K‡e KLb MšÍ‡e¨

†cuŠQ‡e| wVK mKvj bqUvq †Uªb Qvoj| cÖwZwU †ij †÷k‡bB †Uªb _vwg‡q mfv

Kiv ïiæ n‡jv| †Uªb †_‡K †b‡g Rbmfv Av‡qvR‡bi wbw ©ó RvqMvq wM‡q e³…Zv

w`‡q Avevi †Uª‡b wd‡i Avm‡Z †cŠ‡b GK N›Uv †_‡K GK N›Uv mgq jvM‡Z

jvMj| GBfv‡e cÖwZUv †ij †÷k‡b M‡o cÖvq GK N›Uv mgq e¨q n‡Z _vKj|

w`b †cwi‡q ivZ n‡q †Mj| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi m‡½ XvKv †_‡K wb‡q

Avmv cÖvq WRbLv‡b‡KiI †ewk mvsevw`K (e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbvi fvlvq

mvsNvwZK) GB †Uª‡b i‡q‡Q| †Uª‡bi †k‡li w`‡K GKwU wfwfAvBwc †¯úkvj

Kvgivq ev K¤úvU©‡g‡›U (ewM‡Z) Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL

nvwmbv| H K¤úvU©‡g‡›Ui mvg‡b Ges †cQ‡b XvKv †_‡K wb‡q Avmv e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbvi wbivcËvq wb‡qvwRZ †¯úkvj (Gmwe) eªvÂ cywj‡ki 12 Rb

m`m¨| Zvic‡ii K¤úvU©‡g‡›U mvsevw`KMY| Gici me¸‡jv m¤úvU©‡g‡›U ev

ewM¸‡jv‡Z mvaviY hvÎx| †Uª‡bi GB AcÖZ¨vwkZ `xN© wej‡¤ mvaviY hvÎx bvix-

cyiæl Avi wkï‡ì Îvwngaym~`b Ae ’v| Qq N›Uvi hvÎv c_ PweŸk N›UvqI bv

dziv‡bvi d‡j A‡bK Av‡MB cvwbmn †Uª‡bi mKj Lvevi dzwi‡q wbt‡kl n‡q

†M‡j mvaviY hvÎx‡ì Kó Avi y‡f©vM mxgvnxb ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q|

Z…òvZ©-ÿzavZ© wkï‡ì Kvbœv Avi AvnvRvwi‡Z A‡bK mvaviY hvÎxB

cwievi-cwiRb wb‡q MšÍ‡eï Av‡MB †Uªb †_‡K †b‡g cvwj‡q hvq| Rb‡bÎx

†kL nvwmbv Zvi mdim½x Ges mvsevw`K‡ì Rb¨ cÖvq cÖwZwU †ij‡÷kb

†_‡KB AdzišÍ Lvevi Ges weï× cvwbi (wgbv‡ij IqvUv‡ii) ch©vß †evZj

mieivn Kiv n‡Z _v‡K|

mvivw`b Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv cÖvq KzwowUi g‡Zv †ij‡÷k‡b Rbmfvq

fvlY †`b| †Kv_vI †Kv_vI †ij‡÷kb QvovB DrmyK RbZv †Uªb _vgv‡j

†mLv‡bI wZwb e³…Zv K‡ib| cÖwZwU Rbmfv‡ZB XvKv †_‡K Avmv mvsevw`Kiv

Dcw ’Z n‡q e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi e³…Zv wjwce× Ki‡Z _v‡Kb Ges †kL

nvwmbvI msevw`K‡ì bR‡i iv‡Lb| wKš‘ iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv mvsevw`K‡ì Avi bR‡i ivL‡Z cv‡ibwb| Iw`‡K †kL nvwmbv evievi

GKB e³…Zv †`qvq mvsevw`K‡ì Zv gyL¯Í n‡q hvIqv‡Z A‡bK mvsevw`KB

iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i †Uªb †_‡K †b‡g †kL nvwmbvi e³…Zv wjwce× Ki‡Z hvqwb|

ivZ ZLb GMv‡ivUv m‡Zi wgwbU| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K enbKvix

†Uªb Ck¦i`x †ij‡÷kb †cuŠQvi wKQz mgq evwK i‡q‡Q| Ggb mgq e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, GZ UvKv-cqmv LiP K‡i RvgvB Avì K‡i XvKv †_‡K †h

mvsNvwZK‡ì (mvsevw`K) G‡bwQ Zviv wK me Nygv‡”Q? Rbmfvq G‡Zv †jvK

n‡”Q, Avwg G‡Zv e³…Zv KiwQ, mvsNvwZK‡ì (mvsevw`K) bR‡i co‡Q bv †Zv|

†Zvgiv GKUz mvsNvwZK‡ì (mvsevw`K) Nyg fvw½‡q Avgvi (†kL nvwmbvi)

Rbmfvq cvVvI hv‡Z cÎcwÎKvq fv‡jv wbDR nq|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi †eZbfz³ e¨vM enbKvix g`b †gvnb `vm (hvi

bv‡g †kL nvwmbvi jvj wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wRc MvwowU †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv) ejj,

WvBKv Nyg fv½vb jvMe bv| wc Íj w`‡q yB ivDÛ ¸wj KBiv w`‡jB

mvsNvwZK‡Mv Nyg KB hvBe, me jvdvBqv †Uªb _vBKv wb‡P cBov hvBe|

AvjvDwÏ‡bi cÖ`xc cvIqvi g‡Zv m‡½ m‡½ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zvi

evevi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡qi †Q‡j evnvDwÏb bvwmg‡K (eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi GwcGm) ej‡jb, †` yB ivDÛ ¸wj K‡i|

Avi Dcw ’Z Ab¨‡ì ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgv‡K (†kL nvwmbv‡K) nZ¨vi

Rb¨ †Uªb–G ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j mvsNvwZK‡ì (mvsevw`K) gv‡S cÖPvi K‡i

123 124

†`‡e| †Uªb Ck¦i`x cøvUd‡g© †XvKvi K‡qK wgwbU Av‡M evnvDwÏb bvwmg †Uª‡bi

Rvbvjv w`‡q mvsevw`K‡ì K¤úvU©‡g›U jÿ¨ K‡i wc¯Íj w`‡q wZb (3) ivDÛ

¸wj Qzoj| ¸wji kã ï‡b e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi wbivcËvi `vwq‡Z¡

wb‡qvwRZ †¯úkvj eªv‡Âi cywj‡kivI cuvP-Qq ivDÛ ¸wj K‡i| GB mg Í ¸wji

AvIqvR ï‡b cv‡ki K¤úvU©‡g‡›U _vKv mvsevw`Kiv f‡q †Uª‡bi †fZ‡i MovMwo

ïiæ K‡i Ges Avgiv cwiKíbv g‡Zv mvsevw`K‡ì K¤úvU©‡g‡›U G‡m e½eÜz

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K nZ¨vi Rb¨ †Uª‡b ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j cÖPvi Ki‡Z _vwK|

†Uªb Ck¦i`x cøvUd‡g© _vg‡j , Ck¦i`x †ij‡÷k‡bi evB‡i Rbmfvi gÂ †_‡KI

gvB‡K AvIqvgx jxM †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ Avwgi †nv‡mb Avgy e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv‡K nZ¨vi Rb¨ †Uª‡b ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j cÖPvi Pvjv‡Z _v‡Kb| c‡ii

w`b 24†k †m‡Þ¤i kwbevi †Uª‡b e½eÜz Kb¨vi cÖwZ ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j

RvZxq cÎcwÎKvq msev` †ei n‡j, e¸ov miKvwi mvwK©U nvD‡Ri wfwfAvBwc

iæ‡g e‡m Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvmn Zvi mdim½xiv (hviv cÖK…Z NUbv Rv‡b)

nvmvnvwm Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges nvmvnvwmi GK ch©v‡q ¸wji GB NUbv wb‡q niZvj

WvKvi wm×všÍ nq|

dzj wQUv‡bv

AvR knx` eyw×Rxwe wèm| 1994 mv‡ji 14B wW‡m¤i eyaevi| mKvj

QqUvq we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbvi 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi miKvwi evmfe‡b

mK‡j nvwRi n‡jv| mKvj mvZUvq e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wgicyi eyw×Rxwe

¯§„wZ‡mŠ‡a iIbv n‡jb| AvUUv Pwjøk wgwb‡U ¯§„wZ‡mŠ‡a cy¯úgvj¨ Ac©Y

Ki‡jb| Zvici †M‡jb iv‡qi evRvi e×f‚wg‡Z| †mLv‡b cy¯úgvj¨ †`qvi ci

knx` eyw×Rxwe mšÍvb‡ì msMVY cÖRb¥ Õ71–Gi D‡Ï‡k¨ Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

GK mswÿß fvlY w`‡jb| Zvici gvwjevM †ijµwms‡qi f‚uBqv wK¬wb‡K Zvi

(†kL nvwmbvi) evevi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡qi †Q‡j bwKe Avnv‡¤§` gvbœy‡K (eZ©gv‡b

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi wWwcGm) †`‡L Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi miKvwi evm

fe‡b ycyi bvMv` wd‡i G‡jb| ycyi AvovBUvq LvIqvi †Uwe‡j GKm‡½ †L‡Z

†L‡Z e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Av‡ÿc K‡i ej‡jb, †`‡Lv, AvR we‡K‡j

e½eÜz GwfwbD‡Z XvKv gnvbMi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi D‡`¨v‡M weRq wèm Dcj‡ÿ

Av‡jvPbv mfv| Avwg njvg †mB Av‡jvPbv mfvi cÖavb AwZw_| Avi gvÎ K‡qK

w`b c‡iB Avwg we‡ivax `jxq †bÎxi c` †_‡K (msm` m`m¨ c` †_‡K)

c`Z¨vM Kie| GUvB Avgvi we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx wn‡m‡e †kl cÖavb AwZw_

_vKv| ZvQvov Avwg fvwe cÖavbgš¿x| Avevi AvwgB RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL

gywRei ingv‡bi Kb¨v| mvg‡b i‡q‡Q Lv‡j`v wRqv nVvI Av‡›`vjb| GB gyn~‡Z©

Avgvi Mø¨vgvi, Avgvi fvegywZ© e„× Kiv KZ Riæix cÖ‡qvRb| AvR‡Ki weRq

wè‡mi Abyôv‡b Avwg hve Giv wbðqB Avgvi Dci dzj wQUv‡bvi †Kv‡bv

Av‡qvRb K‡i bvB| Ggwb‡ZB Giv gv‡b AvIqvgx jxM †bZviv AvbKvjPvW©,

Zvi Dci Giv n‡jv eëmvqx| G‡ì gb ej‡Z wKQzB bvB| bv e‡j w`‡j Giv

wKQzB K‡i bv| Zzwg wK cvi weRq wè‡mi Abyôv‡b †M‡j Avgvi Dci wkï I

†g‡q‡ì w`‡q dzj wQUv‡Z?

†bÎx, Avcwb †Kv‡bv wPšÍv Ki‡eb bv, Avcbvi Dci dzj wQUv‡bv n‡e|

ZLb ev‡R mv‡o wZbUv| Avi Avav N›Uv c‡iB e½eÜz Kb¨v weRq wè‡mi g‡Â

DV‡eb| GB mswÿß mg‡q †Kv_vq cve wkï, †Kv_vq cve †g‡q‡ì| e½eÜy

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi Ave`vi| Ae‡k‡l ZvovZvwo K‡i nvB‡KvU© gvRvi

†_‡K dzj wK‡b wb‡Ri ¿x, wkï-Kb¨v‡ì w`‡qB Zvi dzj wQUv‡bvi Ave`vi c~iY

Kiv n‡jv|

KzKzi cvjv

evnvDwÏb bvwmg †kL nvwmbvi wcZv †kL gywRei ingv‡bi dzdv‡Zv

fvB‡qi †Q‡j| eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi GwcGm| Gi Av‡iv wZb

PvPv‡Zv fvB A_©vr †kL nvwmbvi wcZv †kL gywRei ingv‡bi Av‡iK dzdv‡Zv

fvB‡qi wZb †Q‡j (1) bwRe Avn‡¤§` bwRe, eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

Pxd& wmwKDwiwU| (2) bwKe Avn‡¤§` gvby, eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

wWwcGm| (3) KvwbR Avn‡¤§` KvwbR| (gv‡S gv‡SB cvMj n‡q †h‡Zv Avi

KvwbR‡K fwZ© Kiv n‡Zv ebvbx‡Z Aew ’Z cvMj‡ì cÖvB‡fU wK¬wb‡K) eZ©gv‡b

gvwK©b hy³ivóª ’ evsjv‡`k wgk‡bi Pxd †cÖvUKj Awdmvi| gv`vixcy‡ii AL¨vZ

AR-cvovMv‡q G‡ì evwo| fv½v wU‡bi Ni| c~e© cyiæl a‡iB Giv `wi ª| G‡ì

evev, PvPv Ges Giv ~i ~iv‡šÍ c‡ii evwo‡Z jwRs †_‡K A‡bK Kó K‡i

hZUzKzB †nvK †jLvcov K‡i‡Q| XvKvq PvjPzjv e‡j wKQzB †bB| †hLv‡b ivZ

†mLv‡bB KvZ| wbKU AvZ¥xq ej‡Z me©mvKz‡j¨ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv| e¨vm

Avi hvq †Kv_vq| `je‡j Giv G‡mB D‡V coj †kL nvwmbvi evwo| †kL

nvwmbvi evwo‡Z _v‡K, †kL nvwmbvi LvIqv Lvq| †kL nvwmbvi Kvco c‡i|

†kL nvwmbvi †`qv cqmvq P‡j| Avi PvB wK? Aí wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B †kL

nvwmbvi †ewn‡mwe cqmvi e‡`Šj‡Z G‡ì WRb WRb c¨v›U, WRb WRb kvU©,

125 126

WRb WRb RyZv n‡q †Mj| G‡ì g‡a¨ †KD †KD †kL nvwmbvi e‡`Šj‡Z

A‡bK weËkvjxI n‡jv|

Gi‡ì g‡a¨ evnvDwÏb bvwmg g‡b KiZ Ges PvBZ †KD †kL nvwmbv‡K

†Kv‡bv wKQz ej‡Z cvi‡e bv| †m †hB †nvK| †nvK bv †m `jxq †K› ªxq †bZv|

A_ev mgv‡Ri MY¨gvb¨ †KD| wKsev †Kv‡bv eyw×Rxwe| †m †hB †nvK| †KDB

†kL nvwmbv‡K †Kv‡bv msev` ev †Kv‡bv Z_¨ wKsev †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e

bv| Zv †m msev` ev K_v hZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©B †nvK bv †Kb|

†kL nvwmbv‡K †KD wKQz ej‡Z PvB‡j Av‡M Zv‡K (evnvDwÏb bvwmg‡K)

ej‡Z n‡e Ges †m hw` cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡i Zvn‡j †kL nvwmbv‡K ej‡e|

cÖ‡qvRb g‡b bv Ki‡j ej‡e bv| Avevi †kL nvwmbvi hw` †K‡bv †bZv‡K, ev

†Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K, wKsev †h KvD‡K wKQz ejvi _v‡K Zvn‡j (evnvDwÏb bvwmg‡K)

ej‡Z n‡e| evnvDwÏb bvwmg hw` cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡i Zvn‡j †kL nvwmbvi †mB

K_vUv Ab¨‡K ej‡e| cÖ‡qvRb g‡b bv Ki‡j ej‡e bv| evnvDwÏb bvwm‡gi GB

ytmvnm ev ¯úa©v n‡q‡Q †kL nvwmbvi Kvi‡YB| evnvDwÏb bvwm‡gi cÖwZ †kL

nvwmbvi †Kv‡bv ye©jZv bv _vK‡jI ywU ye©jZv wQj| Zvi GKwU n‡jv gwZwSj

Av`gRx †Kv‡U©i c~e© cv‡k BDbvB‡UW Kgvwk©qvj e¨vs‡Ki (BDwmweGj, gwZwSj

kvLv) †h kvLv i‡q‡Q, GB kvLvq evnvDwÏb bvwm‡gi bv‡g †kL nvwmbvi K‡qK

†KvwU UvKv i‡q‡Q| D‡jøL¨ wkícwZ Rwni DwÏb nZ¨vi cÖavb Avmvgx wPUvMvs–

Gi Av³viæ¾vgvb evey GB e¨vs‡Ki †Pqvig¨vb/cwiPvjK| Aci ye©jZvwU

evnvDwÏb bvwmg †kL nvwmbvi wcZvi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡qi †Q‡j| GB evnvDwÏb

bvwmg †kL nvwmbvi avbgwÐ cuvP b¤i †iv‡Wi Pzqvbœ b¤i evwo‡Z gv‡S gv‡SB

Av‡ÿc Ki‡Z Ki‡Z ejZ, GB evwoIqvjx †Zv †eCgvb|, †eCgvwb †Zv

Ki‡eB| fzBjv †Zv hvB‡eB| g‡b †Zv ivL‡eB bv| KzËv (KzKzi) cvBjv _yBqv

hvBgy, KzËv (KzKzi) fzje bv|

cÖvqB evnvDwÏb bvwmg Gme ejZ| ej‡Z ej‡Z GKw`b evnvDwÏb bvwmg

wVKB ywU KzKz‡ii ev”Pv wb‡q G‡m cvj‡Z ïiæ Kij| avbgwÐ cuvP b¤i †ivW-

Gi †kL nvwmbvi Pzqvbœ b¤i evmvq KzKz‡ii ev”Pv ywU GLb A‡bK eo n‡q‡Q|

GLb Avi I‡ì KzKz‡ii ev”Pv ejv hv‡e bv| ej‡Z n‡e KzKzi| evnvDwÏb

bvwmg GB ai‡bi K_v Ges KvR Ki‡eB ev bv †Kb| evnvDwÏb bvwmg †kL

nvwmbvi evwo‡ZB _vKZ| Avi H evwo‡Z evnvDwÏb bvwm‡gi wcZv, fvB‡qiv

G‡j, Avðh© Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix †kL nvwmbv `v‡ivqvb †W‡K KzKz‡ii g‡Zv ~i ~i

K‡i Zv‡ì Zvwo‡q w`‡Zb|

¯^vgx-¯¿x ivZ I KvUvbwb

1994 mv‡ji 28†k wW‡m¤i e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv RvZxq msm` m`m¨

c` †_‡K c`Z¨vM Ki‡jb| 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi miKvwi evmv Z¨vM K‡i avbgwÐ

cuvP b¤i †iv‡Wi Pzqvbœ b¤i evwo‡Z DV‡jb| avbgwÐ 05 b¤i †iv‡Wi 54 b¤i

evwowU cÖ_g I wØZxq Zjv †kL nvwmbvi cwiZ¨v³ ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi

bv‡g| Avi Z…Zxq Zjv †kL nvwmbvi wb‡Ri bv‡g| †kL nvwmbvi Ae‡nwjZ I

cwiZ¨³ ¯vgx êÁvwbK Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv GB evwowU Kivi mgq wØZxq Zjv

Kivi ci UvKv d zwi‡q †M‡j †kL nvwmbvi Kv‡Q avi Pvb| ZLb †kL nvwmbv

Z…Zxq Zjv Zvi wb‡Ri bv‡g wj‡L wb‡q Zvici Wt Iqv‡R`‡K UvKv †`b|

Aek¨ GB evwo‡Z Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv Avi †kL nvwmbv GKm‡½ GKwU ivZI

KvUvbwb| ïay GB evwo‡Z †Kb, 1981 mv‡ji 17B †g †kL nvwmbv evsjv‡`‡k

Avmvi ci †_‡KB 1997 mv‡ji †deªæqvwi ch©šÍ (Gi c‡ii Ae ’v Rvbv †bB

hwÌ, Z_vwc †evSv hvq, cvVK †hB w`b co‡eb, †mB w`b ch©šÍ a‡i wb‡Z

cv‡ib) GB 16/17 eQi GK m‡½ ¯vgx- ¿x wn‡m‡e ivZ KvUv‡bv †Zv ~‡ii K_v,

GK evwo‡ZB KL‡bv _v‡Kbwb| 1981 mv‡j 17B †g evsjv‡`‡k Avmvi ci gvÎ

wKQz w`b †kL nvwmbv Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi gnvLvjx ’ miKvwi †KvqvUv‡i wQ‡jb|

†kL nvwmbv hZw`b Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi miKvwi †KvqvUv‡i †_‡K‡Qb, ZZ w`b

Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv Zuvi †KvqvUv‡i bv †_‡K miKvwi †i÷ nvD‡m _vK‡Zb|

Gici e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i Zuvi wcÎvjq e½eÜz fe‡b

P‡j Av‡mb| e½eÜz feb †_‡K hvb we‡ivax `jxq †bÎxi 29 wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi

miKvwi evmfe‡b| ZLb †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi avbgwÐ

05 b¤i †iv‡Wi 54 b¤i evwowU fvov †`qv wQj| 1994 mv‡ji wW‡m¤i gv‡m

avbgwÐ 05 b¤i †iv‡Wi 54 b¤i evwowUi fvovwUqv‡ì GK cÖKvi †Rvi K‡i

Zvwo‡q w`‡q Lvwj Kiv nq Ges Zvici e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv GB evwo‡Z

Av‡mb| GB evwo‡Z †_‡KB bvbv Av‡›`vjb-msMÖvg Ges wbe©vP‡bi ci Rb‡bÎx

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv cÖavbgš¿x n‡q ivóªxq AwZw_ feb K‡iv‡Zvqv, eZ©gv‡b

MYfeb G wM‡q I‡Vb| †kL nvwmbvi GB `xN© 16/17 eQ‡ii Rxe‡b Wt

Iqv‡R` wgqv GKwU ivZI †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ KvUvbwb| GgbwK GB 16/17

eQ‡ii Rxe‡b †kL nvwmbv Avi Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi 16/17 eviI †`Lv ch©šÍ

nqwb| Z‡e nVvr nVvr gv‡Sg‡a¨ K`vwPr D`åv‡šÍi g‡Zv Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv G‡m

nvwRi n‡Zb| wKš‘ wZwb (Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv) †kL nvwmbvi cÿ †_‡K †Kv‡bv

cÖKvi Avì-Avc¨vqY †c‡Zb bv| Ggb wK mvaviY †mŠRbÜzKzI †kL nvwmbv Wt

127 128

Iqv‡R` wgqv‡K †`Lv‡Zb bv| †kL nvwmbv hLb we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx wn‡m‡e 29

wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi miKvwi evmvq _vK‡Zb, ZLb GK C‡ì w`‡b mvaviY

`k©bv_©x‡ì gv‡S mvaviY `k©bv_©x‡ì g‡ZvB Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv †kL nvwmbvi

m‡½ C` †gveviK Rvbv‡Z Gjb| wKš‘ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvMZ mK‡ji

mv‡_ Kzkjv`x wewbgq Ki‡jI Zvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R‡ì mv‡_ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi

Kzkjv`x wewbgq ~‡i _vK, åæ‡ÿcB Ki‡jb bv| GgbwK Zv‡K (Wt Iqv‡R`

wgqv‡K) em‡Z ch©šÍ †KD ej‡jb bv| Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv wKQzÿY KiæYfv‡e

d¨vjd¨vj K‡i †kL nvwmbvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q †_‡K ax‡i ax‡i Ni †_‡K †ewo‡q

j‡b, jb †_‡K Amnv‡qi g‡Zv nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z †M‡Ui evB‡i P‡j †M‡jb|

GKgvÎ †kL nvwmbv Avi Zvi LyeB Nwbó K‡qKRb Qvov †KD Rvbj bv, eySj

bv GB e¨w³wU †K|

A‡bK evi Amy¯’ n‡q †mvn&ivIqv ©x nvmcvZvjmn wewfbœ nvmcvZv‡j

gvmvwaK Kvj c‡o _vK‡jI e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv GKwU ev‡ii RbÏ Zvi

¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv‡K †`L‡Z †h‡Zb bv|

†kL nvwmbvi †`‡n AvNvZ

†kL nvwmbvi †`‡n A‡bK AvNv‡Zi wPý i‡q‡Q| GB AvNv‡Zi e¨_vq

gv‡S gv‡SB KvZiv‡Zb wZwb| GgbwK †Ku‡` †dj‡Zb| Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z ej‡Zb

gqbv (cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv KZ…©K AevwÃZ †NvwlZ 2bs e¨w³ wg‡mm gwZqyi

ingvb †i›Uz (gqbv) GB wekl RvqMvUvq †ewk K‡i gvwjk K‡iv| kqZv‡bi

ev”PvUv (Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv) Avgv‡K (†kL nvwmbv) 1980 mv‡j GB RvqMvq

†g‡i‡Q| AvRI †mB e¨v_vq Avwg KvZivB|

gqbvi cÖavb KvR wQj e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi †`n gvwjk (†g‡mR)

Kiv| cÖvq cÖwZw`b †kL nvwmbvi †`n gvwjk (†g‡mR) K‡i Nyg †_‡K †Zvjv

Ges Nygv‡bvi Av‡M †`n gvwjk K‡i Zv‡K (†kL nvwmbv‡K) Nyg cvov‡bvB wQj

gqbvi cÖavb KvR| GQvov wfAvBwc †KD Gj Zv‡K G›Uvi‡UBb‡g›U ev

Avc¨vqY Kiv| wfAvBwc e¨w³i mv‡_ cÖv_wgK Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i Rb‡bÎx

†kL nvwmbv‡K AewnZ Kiv| †Uwj‡dvb aiv I †Uwj‡dvbKvix‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq

Bbdi‡gkb †`qv Ges †bÎx‡K Zv Bbdg© Kiv| e½eÜz Kb¨vi hveZxq Lvevi-

`vev‡ii eë ’v Kiv| Zvi kvwo, †cvlvK-AvkvK ˆZwi Kiv Ges †kL nvwmbv‡K

Kvco-†Pvco, †cvkvK cwi‡q cwicvwU K‡i evB‡ii wewfbœ Kg©m~Px‡Z cvVv‡bv

BZ¨vw` wQj gqbvi ˆ`bw›`b `vwqZ¡| GQvov evowZ `vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e wQj †bÎx‡K

evB‡ii cÖK…Z LeivLei Rvbv‡bv|

Gme Kiv gqbvi `vwqZ¡ wQj| wKš‘ PvKwi wQj bv| Gme Kivi Rb¨

gqbv‡K †eZb K‡i ivLv nqwb| Dciš‘ gqbvB (wg‡mm gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uz)

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K UvKv-cqmv, Kvco-†Pvco, wRwbmcÎ hveZxq wKQz

mva¨vbyhvqx w`‡Zv| †fv‡i †g‡q †kL nvwmbv‡K Nyg †_‡K Zz‡j bv¯Ív LvB‡q wZwb

hZÿY N‡i _vK‡Zb ZZÿYB gqbv‡K Kv‡Q _vK‡Z n‡Zv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv w`b

†kL nvwmbvi evmv †_‡K gqbvi wb‡Ri evmvq wdi‡Z ivZ 01/02 Uv–I n‡Zv|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv gqbv‡K a‡i Kuv`‡Z _vK‡Zb Avi ej‡Z

_vK‡Zb, Rv‡bv gqbv, kqZv‡bi ev”Pv (Zvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv) Avgv‡K

w`‡b wZbevi gviZ| mKvj- ycyi Avi iv‡Z| GB wZb †ejv kqZv‡bi ev”Pv

kqZvb Avgv‡K gviZ| †g‡i †g‡i Avgvi mviv kixi SuvSiv K‡i w`Z| nvivwgi

ev”PvUv ycy‡i G‡m Avgv‡K gvi‡e, GB Rb¨ GK‡ejv Kg gvi LvIqvi Rb¨

Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) Rq Avi cyZzj yB mšÍvb‡K wb‡q ycy‡i cv‡K© KvwU‡q

AvmZvg| H BewjkUvi gv‡ii †Pv‡U Avgvi †`‡ni wKQz bvB| mviv †`‡n ïay

e¨_v| we‡qi ci †_‡KB kqZv‡bi ev”Pv Avgv‡K gviv ïiæ K‡i‡Q|

A™¢zZ PwiÎ, Kg© I fvM¨

†kL nvwmbvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv †kL nvwmbv‡K ˆ`wnK wbh©vZb

Ki‡Zb, gviai Ki‡Zb, G K_v †kL nvwmbv AmsLëvi †Ku‡` †Ku‡` e‡j‡Qb|

†kL nvwmbvi Kvbœvq gqbvi †Pv‡LI cvwb S‡i‡Q| wKš‘ †Kb ¯vgx Zv‡K

gvi‡Zb, ˆ`wnK wbh©vZb Ki‡Zb, GB K_v †kL nvwmbv KL‡bvB e‡jbwb| G

GK A™¢zZ PwiÎ, Kg© I fv‡Mï AwaKvix †kL nvwmbv| we‡`k †_‡K GKgvÎ

Kb¨v cyZzj G‡m gv †kL nvwmbv‡K Wv‡K ÒGB †h eûiƒcxÓ †Zvgvi †Zv iƒ‡ci

†kl †bB| Gevi wK iƒc †`Lv‡e Zzwg|

†kL nvwmbv †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡j m‡½ m‡½ †g‡q cyZzj AvZ¥xq-¯Rb mK‡ji

mvg‡b e‡j I‡V, GUv †Zvgvi KZ b¤i iƒc! †kL nvwmbvi †QvU †evb †kL

†invbv‡K cyZzj e‡j, Lvjv GUv †Zvgvi †ev‡bi KZ b¤i iƒc? †Zvgvi †evb †Zv

eûiƒcx| iƒ‡ci †kl bvB Zvi|

e½eÜz Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ZrÿYvr Pzc †g‡i hvb| †Kv‡bv K_v

e‡jb bv| †kL nvwmbv †g‡q cyZzj‡K Zvi (cyZz‡ji) wb‡Ri we‡qi cÖ Íve w`‡j,

†Kv‡bv iKg Uvjevnvbv bv K‡i webv ev‡K¨ gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ mUvb GK cv‡q uvwo‡q

129 130

ivwR n‡q hvq| g‡b nq †hb Kv‡iv nvZ a‡i gyw³ †c‡Z Pvq cyZzj| †kL

nvwmbvI †hb‡Zb cv‡Îi Kv‡Q cyZzj‡K we‡q w`‡q gy³ n‡Z Pvb|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv we‡`‡k emevmiZ GKgvÎ cyÎ Rq‡K †dvb K‡i

†`‡k G‡m †ewo‡q †h‡Z e‡jb Ges Avmvi mgq Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) Rb¨

GKUv kvwo wb‡q Avm‡Z ej‡j cyÎ Rq mivmwi A¯xKvi K‡i e‡j, I me

kvwoUvwo Avwg Avb‡Z cvie bv|

†kL nvwmbv Avevi Dcw ’Z mKj‡K e‡j, †`L, Avgvi mšÍvb †`L, Avgvi

Rb¨ GKUv kvwo Avb‡Z ejjvg| †Q‡j Avgvi mivmwi bv K‡i w`‡jv|

gv wn‡m‡e cyÎ-Kb¨vi cÖwZ †kL nvwmbvi AvPvi-AvPi‡Y †Kv‡bvw`b †Kv‡bv

ÎæwU †Pv‡L c‡owb| eis g‡b n‡q‡Q gv wn‡m‡e †kL nvwmbvi Zzjbv †bB|

ZviciI Avð©‡hï welq! †kL nvwmbvi cÖwZ Zvi cyÎ-Kb¨vi †Kb GiKg

AvPiY?

ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji mv‡_ we‡q wè bv

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zvi Kb¨v cyZz‡ji we‡q wVK Ki‡j, avbgwÐ 5

b¤i †iv‡Wi 54 b¤i evwo‡Z †kL nvwmbvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv G‡m wÿß

n‡q †kL nvwmbv‡K ej‡Z jvM‡jb, †g‡q wK †Zvgvi GKvi? †g‡q wK Avgvi

bv? Zzwg ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji Kv‡Q Avgvi †g‡qi we‡q wVK K‡iQ? ivB‡dj nv‡Z

wb‡q †h ivRvKviwMwi K‡i‡Q, gyw³‡hv×v †g‡i‡Q, Zvi †Q‡ji m‡½ Avwg

wKQz‡ZB Avgvi †g‡q we‡q †`‡ev bv| Zzwg Avgvi †g‡q‡K H ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji

mv‡_ wKQz‡ZB we‡q w`‡Z cvi‡e bv|

Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨ †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Avwg †g‡q we‡q †`‡ev| cvi‡j

Zzwg †VKvI|

Wt Iqv‡R` ej‡jb, ZvB e‡j Zzwg ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji mv‡_ †g‡q we‡q

†`‡e?

e½eÜz Kb¨v ej‡jb, wK‡mi Avevi ivRvKvi dvRvKvi? Avgvi AvZ¥xq

GUvB eo K_v| mv‡_ gi‡j AvZ¥xqivB g‡i| †`‡Lv bvB H gyw³‡hv×v

dzw³‡hv×vivB Avgvi evc-gv-fvB‡ì Kxfv‡e †g‡i‡Q? Avwg Avgvi †g‡q‡K

GLv‡bB we‡q †`‡ev| cvi‡j Zzwg †VKvI|

Wt Iqv‡R` wgqv ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ †Zv Avwg †VKv‡VwK‡Z cvie bv|

Z‡e Avwg e‡j w`w”Q Avgvi †g‡q‡K hw` ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji mv‡_ we‡q †Ì,

Z‡e Avwg GB we‡qi mv‡_ †bB| GB we‡q‡Z Avwg Avme bv| Avwg †Zvgv‡K

(e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K) Aby‡iva KiwQ H ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡j Qvov †hLv‡b

Lywk Zzwg †g‡q we‡q `vI, Avwg †Zvgvi mv‡_ _vKe| wKš‘ ivRvKv‡ii es‡ki

†g‡q we‡q w`‡j Avwg _vKe bv|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zvi ¯vgx Wt Iqv‡R‡ì K_v ivL‡jb bv| wZwb

Zvi B‡”Q g‡Zv ivRvKv‡ii †Q‡ji m‡½B †g‡q we‡q w`‡jb| mwZ¨ mwZ¨B Wt

Iqv‡R` K_v cvKvcvwK, cvb wPwb, Mv‡q njy` Ges we‡q †Kv_vI G‡jb bv| ïay

we‡qi Abyôv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi m‡½ wgwbU 3/4–Gi Rb¨ G‡m

Avevi Lv‡j`v wRqvi m‡½B P‡j †M‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv mv‡_ †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡jb

bv| †KD Zuvi m‡½ †Kv‡bv K_v ejj bv|

we‡qi LywUbvwU †_‡K ïiæ K‡i hveZxq hv Av‡qvRb Zvi wmsnfvMB Ki‡Z

n‡q‡Q Avgv‡ì (cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv KZ…©K AevwÃZ †NvwlZ GK b¤i gwZqyi

ingvb †i›Uz yB bv¤vi wg‡mm gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uz, gqbv)| Gi Dci e½eÜz

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi evevi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡qi †Q‡j eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi GwcGm evnvDwÏb bvwm‡gi evqbv †Zv wQjB| †W‡Kv‡iUv‡ii wej,

eveywP©i wej, Lvbmvgvi eKwkm BZ¨vw` hLb hv cÖ‡qvRb n‡q‡Q, evnvDwÏb

bvwmg Zvi me wKQzB Avgv‡ì KvQ †_‡KB wb‡q‡Q|

me hvb, †ei nb

we‡qi Abyôv‡b we‡q cov‡bvi Rb¨ KvRxi mvg‡b GKwU gvBK jvMv‡bv

n‡qwQj| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv nVvr †mB gvBK w`‡q we‡qi Abyôv‡b

AvMZ‡ì XvjvIfv‡e ag‡Ki my‡i ej‡Z jvM‡jb, me hvb †ei nb, wK

†c‡q‡Qb? Zvgvkv †c‡q‡Qb? GLbB GB RvqMv †_‡K P‡j hvb| bB‡j Amyweav

n‡e|

e½eÜz Kb¨vi gy‡L gvB‡K GB K_v ï‡b Dcw ’Z mK‡j nZwenŸj

wKsKZ©e¨weg~p n‡q hvq| Ges A‡b‡KB AvMvgv_v bv ey‡S Abyôvb †_‡K P‡j

†h‡Z ïiæ Ki‡j, gqbv ZvovZvwo Rb‡bÎxi Kv‡Q GB K_vi A_© wK Rvb‡Z

PvB‡j †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, `vIqvZ QvovB A‡b‡K G‡m‡Q, Zv‡ì Rb¨ Avwg GB

K_v e‡jwQ| Gici gqbv wbgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì A‡bK‡K eySvevi †Póv K‡i‡Q|

wKš‘ Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv dj nqwb| AwaKvsk wbgwš¿Z AwZw_B bv †L‡q P‡j hvq|

we‡qi mKj Abyôvb †kl| mK‡jB P‡j †M‡Q| ïay ei (RvgvB) Avi e‡ii

AvZ¥xq-¯Rbiv i‡q‡Q| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zvi Kb¨v cyZzj‡K e‡ii

131 132

Mvwo‡Z Zz‡j w`‡q gqbv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i Kvbœvq †f‡½ co‡jb| Zvici Rb‡bÎx

†kL nvwmbv gqbv‡K ej‡jb, gqbv AvR Avi Zzwg Avgv‡K †Q‡o †hI bv|

we‡qi Abyôvb ’j msm` feb PZ¡i †_‡K †kL nvwmbvi m‡½ Avgv‡ì

GKgvÎ mšÍvb cuvP eQ‡ii ¯Y©jZv‡K mv‡_ wb‡q avbgwÐ 5 b¤i †iv‡W †kL

nvwmbvi 54 b¤i evwo‡Z P‡j Gjvg| evwo‡Z G‡m evB‡ii Kvco cv‡ë

mevB‡K wb‡q gvwU‡Z †Mvj n‡q e‡m Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv gqbv‡K

ej‡jb, gqbv †Zvgiv hv Ki‡j, †Zvgv‡ì FY Rxe‡b †kva Kiv hv‡e bv|

†Kv‡bvw`b †Zvgv‡ì fzjv hv‡e bv| †Kv‡bvw`b †Zvgv‡ì fzje bv| Avgv‡ì

†g‡q ¯Y©jZv‡K †`wL‡q ej‡jb I †Zv †c‡U _vK‡ZB Avgv‡K fv‡jvev‡m|

Aek¨ Gme K_v e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvR bZzb ej‡Qb bv| Gi

Av‡MI A‡bK evi Gme K_v wZwb e‡j‡Qb|

GK †KvwU mvZwÎk jvL UvKv

10B Rvbyqvwi, 1995| RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingv‡bi ¯‡`k

cÖZ¨veZ©b wèm| avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡i e½eÜy fe‡b e½eÜzi cÖwZK…wZ‡Z cy¯ú¯ÍeK

Ac©Y K‡i ivg †gvnb `v‡mi bv‡g †iwRw÷ª Kiv jvj iO‡qi wbkvb †cUªj wR‡c

K‡i wd‡i Avm‡Qb e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv| Zvi m‡½ Zvi cv‡k e‡m Av‡Q

Zvi GKRb gvÎ m½x| WªvBfvi Rvjvj Mvwo Pvjv‡”Q| Mvwo Pj‡Q| WªvBfvi

Rvjvj e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K wR‡Ám Kij, Avcv †gqi nvwbd G‡jv bv

dzj w`‡Z?

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Reve w`‡jb, †K Rv‡b| e½eÜzi cÖwZK…wZ‡Z dzj

†`qvi Rb¨ I‡K Kg †dvb Kwi bvB| kqZvbUv cvËvB †`q bvB| GK †KvwU

mvZwÎk jvL UvKv LiP K‡i wbgKnvivgUv‡K Avwg †gqi evwb‡qwQ| †Zvgiv †Zv

me Rvb, meB †`‡LQ, meB K‡iQ| KZ Kó K‡iwQ Avwg| Avm‡j †h `j †_‡K

GKevi P‡j hvq Zv‡K Avi `‡j †bqv DwPZ bv| I †gqi nIqvi Rb¨ Avgvi

mv‡_ †eCgvwb K‡i ˆ¯ivPvix Gikv`‡K evc †W‡K Gikv‡ì cvwU©‡Z P‡j

†MwQj| †mBLv‡b †QK †L‡q Avevi Avgvi Kv‡Q wd‡i hLb Avm‡jv ZLbB

†eCgvbUv‡i †bqv DwPZ wQj bv| wKš‘ wK †h nB‡jv| wK g‡b K‡i †h Avevi

wbjvg| kqZvbUv Avgvi mv‡_ GZ eo †eCgvwb Ki‡e eyS‡Z cvwi bvB| eyS‡Z

cvwi bvB| eyS‡j wK Avi GB Kvg Kwi|

†bÎx GLb bvgvR co‡Qb

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv 1994 mv‡ji †kl gyn~‡Z© avbgwÐ 5 b¤i †iv‡Wi

54 b¤‡ii evwo‡Z D‡VB, 1995 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwii cÖ_g †_‡KB †Rvi‡mvifv‡e

jvMvZvi Av‡›`vjb-msMÖvg, niZvj, c`hvÎv BZ¨vw` ïiæ Ki‡jb| ycyi yUvq

U½x †_‡K gnvLvjx ch©šÍ c`hvÎv ïiæ n‡jv| A_©vr U½x †_‡K mevB cv‡q †nu‡U

gnvLvjx hv‡eb| gnvLvjx‡Z gÂ ˆZwi Kiv Av‡Q, c`hvÎv †k‡l GB gÂ †_‡K

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv fvlY †`‡eb| †kL nvwmbvi Zvi †eZbfz³ e¨vM

enbKvix ivg †gvnb `vm Gi bv‡g †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv jvj iO‡qi wbkvb †c‡Uªvj

wR‡c K‡i evwK me †bZvKg©x mevB cv‡q †nu‡U U½x †_‡K gnvLvjxi w`‡K

iIqvbv n‡jv| cÖvq cuvP mvZ nvRvi †jv‡Ki c`hvÎv| c`hvÎvq Ask †bqv 5/7

nvRvi †jv‡Ki wVK gvSLv‡b e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wR‡c K‡i c`hvÎvi m‡½

Zvj wgwj‡q Pj‡Qb| c`hvÎvi gv‡S gv‡S †MvUv we‡kK wiKkvq gvBK †eu‡a

bvbv ai‡bi †køvMvb †`qv n‡”Q| Rvbyqvwi gvm, kx‡Zi †ejv| nuvU‡Z Lye GKUv

Lvivc jvM‡Q bv| ycyi Mwo‡q we‡Kj n‡e n‡e| nVvr GKwU gvB‡K ejv n‡jv

Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv GLb Avm‡ii bvgvR co‡Qb| m‡½ m‡½

me¸‡jv gvBK †_‡K ejv ïiæ n‡jv Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v GLb Avm‡ii bvgvR

co‡Qb| Nwo‡Z ZLb †mvqv wZbUv ev‡R|

†cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ †Zvdv‡qj Avn‡¤§` (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbvi wkí I

evwYR¨ gš¿x) ej‡jb, Av‡i _v‡gv _v‡gv, GL‡bv Avmi Iqv³B nq bvB| GKUz

c‡i e‡jv|

GB K_v ï‡b me †bZviv nvmvnvwm ïiæ Ki‡jb| Gw`‡K e½eÜz Kb¨v

wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wR‡ci eo eo Rvbvjvi Møvm Ly‡j bvgvR co‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jb|

Avi c`hvÎvi nvRvi nvRvi cyiæl †jvK wRc Mvwo wN‡i e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi bvgvR cov †`L‡Z jvMj| bvgvR †kl n‡q †Mj wKš‘ gvB‡K bvgvR

covi cÖPvi †kl n‡jv bv| cÖvq GK N›UviI †ewk mgq †MvUv we‡kK gvB‡K

Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv bvgvR co‡Qb cÖPvi Kiv n‡jv|

Ab¨ Avi GKw`b †gvnv¤§`cyi †_‡K c`hvÎv ïiæ n‡q ¸jkvb Av‡gwiKvb

G¤^¨vwmi mvg‡b wM‡q evÇvq wM‡q †kl n‡e| c`hvÎv ïiæ n‡j e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv †W‡K ej‡jb, bvgv‡Ri Iqv³ nIqvi c‡i †hb gvB‡K ejv ïiæ

K‡i| Iqv‡³i Av‡M †hb ejv ïiæ bv K‡i|

Gevi gvBKg¨vb‡ì Av‡Mfv‡MB Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi wb‡ ©k Rvwb‡q

†`qv n‡jv Ges AvR bvgv‡Ri Iqv³ ïiæ nIqvi ciB gvB‡K cÖPvi ïiæ n‡jv|

133 134

†bÎxI h_vixwZ wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wR‡ci Rvbvjv Ly‡jB bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡jb|

nvRvi nvRvi cyiæl gvbylI wRc wN‡i e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi bvgvR Av`vq

†`Lj| c`hvÎv †k‡l e½eÜz Kb¨v Zvi 5 b¤i avbgwÐ †iv‡Wi evmvq †M‡j Zvi

GK m½x ejj, Avcv (†kL nvwmbv) Avcwb bvgvR co‡Z _vK‡j gvbyl fxo K‡i

Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z _v‡K, G‡Z bvgvR bó nq| Avcwb wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wR‡c c ©v

jvwM‡q †bb|

DË‡i †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, bv c ©v jvMv‡j wR‡ci wW‡mwÝ _v‡K bv|

ZLb H m½x ejj, ZvB‡j Avcv Avcwb wR‡c eo GKUv Pvì ivL‡eb,

hLb bvgvR co‡eb Avgiv ZLb H Pvì w`‡q wRcUv wN‡i ivLe| hv‡Z

Avcbvi bvgvR cov †KD †`L‡Z bv cv‡i|

Rb‡bÎx ej‡jb, bv †Zvgiv †Zv me fvB‡qi g‡Zv, Pvì jvM‡e bv|

Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb K‡i‡Q

Gi wZb w`b c‡o KuvPcyi †_‡K ¸wj Ívb ch©šÍ c`hvÎv| GB c`hvÎvqI H

GKB gvBK, GKB bvgvR, GKB cyiæl gvby‡li wN‡i †`Lv| GB c`hvÎvq †hvM

w`‡qwQj †bvqvLvjx †Rjv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ †gvt nvwbd| e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbvi wbkvb †c‡Uªvj wR‡ci cv‡k nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z †bvqvLvjx †Rjv

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ †gvt nvwbd e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K wR‡Ám

Ki‡jb, †bÎx Avgvi wgZv‡K †`LwQ bv?

†bÎx ej‡jb, †Kvb wgZv?

†Rjv mfvcwZ ej‡jb, bMi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ XvKvi †gqi †gvt

nvwbd‡K †`LwQ bv?

mfv‡bÎx †i‡M e‡j DV‡jb, Rv‡bb bv, KzËvi ev”PvUv Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb

K‡i‡Q| wbgKnvivwg K‡i‡Q| I‡i Avwg GK †KvwU mvZwÎk jvL UvKv LiP K‡i

†gqi evwb‡qwQ| Avi KzËvi ev”PvUv Avgvi mv‡_B †eCgvwb K‡i‡Q| I (XvKvi

†gqi nvwbd) GLb cÖwZw`b Lv‡j`v wRqvi mv‡_ †`Lv K‡i| w`‡b wZb-Pvi evi

Lv‡j`v wRqvi mv‡_ †dv‡b K_v e‡j| Avi Avwg Lei w`‡jI Av‡m bv| †dvb

Ki‡jI a‡i bv| mgq G‡j GB †eCgvb‡ìI wkÿv w`‡Z n‡e| eyS‡jb, GB

†eCgvb‡ì DwPZ wkÿv w`‡Z n‡e| Avcbviv cÖ ‘Z nb|

Avwg LvBwQ

Rb‡bÎx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv mviv †`‡k jvMvZvi wZbw`b niZvj

w`‡q‡Qb| †`vKvbcvU Lyj‡e bv, Awdm-Av`vjZ, Kj-KviLvbv, ¯‹zj-K‡jR

Pj‡e bv, Mvwoi PvKv Nyi‡e bv| AvMvg wZb w`‡bi niZv‡ji †NvlYv cvIqvq

XvKv kn‡ii cÖvq A‡a©K gvbyl kni †Q‡o MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z P‡j †M‡Q| niZv‡ji

cÖ_g w`‡bB e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi evwoi (avbgwÐ 5 b¤i †iv‡Wi 54 b¤i

evwo) gvwUi wb‡Pi cvwbi U¨vw¼ (wiRvf©vi) †_‡K Qv‡ì Dc‡ii U¨vw¼‡Z cvwb

†Zvjvi gUi bó n‡q †M‡j niZv‡ji wØZxq w`‡b ivZ AvUUvi mgq bevecyi

†_‡K wmivRx bv‡gi GK XvKvBqv gUi †gKvwbK wb‡q hvIqv nq| gUi

†gKvwbK wmivRx gUi †`‡L GUv wVK Ki‡Z GKw`b mgq jvM‡e Ges gUiUv

Ly‡j wb‡q †h‡Z n‡e Rvbv‡j Zv‡K gUi Ly‡j wb‡q †h‡Z AbygwZ †`qv n‡jv|

gUi †gKvwbK wmivRx AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †Mvov mg_©K| †m e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv‡K GKUz mvjvg w`‡Z PvBj| e½eÜz Kb¨v yw`b †_‡K gUi bó nIqvi

Kvi‡Y wVKg‡Zv †Mvmj K‡ibwb| Zvi Dci AvR mvivw`b wb‡PB bv‡gbwb| GB

cwiw ’wZ‡Z †gKvwbK wmivRx e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K mvjvg †`qvi B”Qv

cÖKvk K‡i GKUv weeªZKi Ae ’vq †d‡j w`‡jv| Avevi †gKvwbK wmivRx Kó

K‡i cv‡q †nu‡U GLv‡b G‡m‡Q| Gme wPšÍvfvebv K‡i e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv‡K ejv n‡jv gUi †gKvwbK AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKRb Kg©x| †m Avcbv‡K

GKUz mvjvg w`‡q †h‡Z Pvq| Rb‡bÎx mvjvg wb‡Z A¯xKvi Ki‡j Rb‡bÎx‡K

ejv n‡jv Avcwb mvjvg wb‡j †gKvwbK ZvovZvwo gUi †givgZ K‡i w`Z|

e½eÜz Kb¨v ej‡jb, Ii evwo †Kv_vq?

XvKvq|

XvKvBqv KzwÆ?

wR¡, Lvm XvKvBqv|

wVK Av‡Q, †`vZvjvq wfAvBwc iæ‡g wb‡q Av‡mv| Avwg n¨v‡jv e‡j †`B|

†gKvwbK wmivRx G‡m mvjvg w`‡jv| e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wR‡Ám

Ki‡jb, Avcbvi evwo †Kv_vq?

wmivRx ejj, bevecy‡i|

e½eÜz Kb¨v ej‡jb, e‡mb|

wmivRx LyeB RoZvi mv‡_ Rom‡ov n‡q emj| †bÎx wR‡Ám Ki‡jb,

AvIqvgx jxM K‡ib eywS|

†gKvwbK wmivRx ejj, cvwK¯Ívb Avgj †_‡KB AvIqvgx jxM Kwi|

Gici Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv GKUv‡b †gqi nvwbd‡K K_vq †U‡b G‡b

ej‡jb, Avwg XvKvBqv wn‡m‡e nvwbd‡K †gqi evbvjvg, Avi nvwbd †gqi n‡qB

Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb Kij| Avcbviv nvwbd‡K Qvo‡eb bv| Avwg GK †KvwU

mvZwÎk jvL UvKv LiP K‡i nvwbd‡K †gqi evwb‡qwQ| Avi †mB nvwbd Avgvi

135 136

mv‡_ wbgKnvivwg K‡i Lv‡j`v wRqvi AuvP‡ji Z‡j Xz‡K‡Q| cÖwZw`b Lv‡j`v

wRqvi mv‡_ †`Lv K‡i| Lv‡j`vi K_vg‡Zv Avgvi Av‡›`vj‡b Av‡m bv| †eCgvb

wbgKnvivg| Avcbviv ˆZwi nb, I‡K DwPr wkÿv †`‡eb| BZ¨vw` ej‡Z ej‡Z

GK ch©v‡q gUi †gKvwbK wmivRx‡KB AvMvgx wbe©vP‡b nvwb‡di weKí †gqi

cÖv_©x K‡i †dj‡jb| ZviciI †gqi nvwb‡di weiæ‡× K_v ejv †kl n‡jv bv|

cÖvq N›UvLv‡bK cvi n‡q †Mj| wKš‘ K_v †kl n‡jv bv| Gw`‡K e½eÜz Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbvi Av‡MB ejv wQj †h, †Kv‡bv †jvKB Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡j wKQzÿY

c‡iB †Zvgiv bvbv ai‡bi K_v e‡j Zv‡K Avgvi mvg‡b †_‡K Zz‡j wb‡q hv‡e|

Avgvi (†kL nvwmbv) GZ iƒc MRvq bvB †h, Avwg N›Uvi ci N›Uv GKRb‡K

mvg‡b wb‡q e‡m _vKe| Avevi Avwg wb‡R †Zv KvD‡K ej‡Z cvwi bv GLb

hvb| Kv‡RB Avgvi Kv‡Q †KD G‡j †Zvgiv Zv‡K bvbv K_v e‡j DwV‡q wb‡q

hv‡e| †bÎxi GB K_v g‡b K‡i gUi †gKvwbK wmivRx‡K ejv n‡jv, Avcwb

D‡Vb, †bÎx iv‡Zi LvIqv Lv‡eb|

wmivRx D‡V uvov‡jv, wKš‘ e½eÜz Kb¨v K_v _vgv‡jb bv| wmivRx wKQzÿY

uvwo‡q †_‡K Avevi emj| wØZxq evi Avevi wmivRx‡K ejv n‡jv, Avcwb I‡Vb

†bÎx iv‡Zi Lvevi Lv‡eb|

wKš‘ e½eÜz Kb¨vi †gqi nvwb‡di weiæ‡× K_v ejv †kl n‡jv bv| wZwb

ej‡ZB _vK‡jb, †gKvwbK wmivRx AveviI e‡m coj| e½eÜy Kb¨v †gqi

nvwb‡di weiæ‡× gk¸j n‡q K_v ej‡Qb| wgwbU `‡kK c‡i †gKvwbK

wmivRx‡K Z…Zxqevi ejv n‡jv Avcwb I‡Vb †bÎx fvZ Lv‡eb|

m‡½ m‡½ e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡j DV‡jb, Avwg LvBwQ|

e½eÜyi 76–Zg Rb¥ Drme

1995 mv‡ji †deªyqvwi gv‡mi †k‡li w`‡Ki GK we‡K‡j avbgwÛ 32 b¤¦‡i

e½eÜy fe‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Pv †L‡Z †L‡Z ej‡jb, Gevi AveŸvi

Rb¥ w`bUv RvKRgKfv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| gyj Abyôvb Uyw½cvovq n‡e| XvKv

†_‡K A‡bK †jvKRb wb‡q †h‡Z n‡e| Ievq yj Kv‡`‡ii †bZ„‡Z¡ GKUv Dc-

KwgwU Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi †Zvgiv I‡K mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡e| †gvU K_v

AveŸvi 76–Zg Rb¥w`bUv AvKl©bxq K‡i Ki‡Z n‡e|

1jv gvP© 1995, mÜ¨v †ejvq avbgwÛ Qq b¤¦i †iv‡Wi AvIqvgx

dvD‡Ûkb Awd‡m AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †K› ªxq KwgwUi ‰eVK emj| êV‡K

Ievq yj Kv‡ì (eZ©gvb hye I mvs¯‹„wZK welqK cÖwZgš¿x) †bZ„‡Z¡ Dc-KwgwU

K‡i wZb w`be¨vcx Kg©m~Px †bqv nj| Kg©m~Pxi cÖ_g w`b 17B gvP© Uyw½cvovq

mKvj 07:00 Uvq RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingv‡bi gvRv‡i cy®úgvjv

Ac©‡bi gva¨‡g wè‡mi Kg©m~Px ïiæ n‡e| H w`‡bi Kg©m~Pxi wØZxq ch©v‡q

mKvj AvUUvq wkï wK‡kvi‡ì‡K wgwó weZiY| wgwó weZiY Ki‡eb Rb‡bÎx

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv| Gici we‡Kj wZbUvq †MgvWv½v nvB¯Kzj gv‡V

Av‡jvPbv mfv| Av‡jvPbv mfv †k‡l jvwV †Ljv| Kg©m~Pxi 2q w`‡b A_©vr 18B

gvP© XvKvq AvIqvgx jxM †K› ªxq Kvh©vj‡qi mvg‡b mÜ¨v mvZUvq mvs¯‹„wZK

Abyôvb Ges Kg©m~Pxi Z„Zxq w`b 19 †k gvP© weKvj 03:00 wZbUvq e½eÜy

GwfwbD–G Rbmfv|

RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywR‡ei 76–Zg Rb¥w`‡bi Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb

Kivi Rb¨ RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywR‡ei Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cÖZ¨ÿ

ZË¡veav‡b mKj cÖKvi cÖ ÍywZ cy‡iv`‡g GwM‡q Pj‡Q| Gev‡ii Uyw½cvov

Kg©m~Px‡Z GKUy bZybZ¡ _vK‡e| †mB bZybZ¡ n‡jv XvKv †_‡K kÕcuv‡PK hyeK

Uyw½cvovq wb‡q hvIqv n‡e| GB hyeK‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K †`qv n‡e BDwbqb

Kvc‡oi bZyb dzj nvZv mv`v kvU©| GB kv‡U©i c‡K‡U G¨vgªWvqwi K‡i †jLv

_vK‡e ÒRvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gwReyi ingvb–Gi 76–Zg Rb¥ Drme|ÕÕ

RvwZi RbK e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv XvKv †_‡K AvMZ

AwZw_‡ì Uyw½cvovq m¦vMZ Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨ 15B gvP©, 1995 Uyw½cvovq P‡j

G‡jb| 16B gvP© Ievq yj Kv‡`‡ii †bZ„‡Z¡ XvKv †_‡K hyeKiv G‡jv| Z‡e cuuvP

kZ hyeK XvKv †_‡K wb‡q Avmvi K_v _vK‡jI †gvUvgywU yB/wZb kZ hyeK

Ievq yj Kv‡ì wb‡q G‡m‡Q| †mB mv‡_ Av‡iv wKQy AwZw_ XvKv †_‡K G‡m‡Q|

RvwZi RbK e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvMZ mKj AwZw_‡ì m¦vMZ Rvbv‡jb|

XvKv †_‡K AvMZ‡ì †MvcvjMÄ miKvwi mvwK©U nvDR, Uyw½cvov Dc‡Rjv †KvU©

I Kvh©vjqmn wewfbœ RvqMvq iv‡Z _vKv I LvIqvi eë¯’v n‡jv|

ciw`b 17B gvP© mKvj 07:00 Uvi g‡a¨ Uyw½cvovq RvwZi RbK e½eÜy

†kL gywRei ingvb–Gi gvRvi I evwo‡Z mK‡j G‡m nvwRi n‡jv| c~‡e©i

wm×všÍ Abyhvqx BDwbqb Kvc‡oi Bw¯¿ Kiv bZyb dzjnvZv mvU© c‡i Ievq`yj

Kv‡ì cÖvq wZb kZ hyeK wb‡q uvwo‡q Av‡Q| mKvj †mvqv mvZUvq RvwZi

RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingv‡bi gvRv‡i cÖ_‡gB cy¯ú¯ÍeK Ac©Y Ki‡jb

RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingv‡bi Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv| Zvici Ab¨vb¨

†bÎxe„›` I AwZw_MY| Gici wkï–wK‡kvi‡ì cy¯ú ÍeK Ac©Y| wKš‘ GKgvÎ

wg‡mm gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv)Õi GKgvÎ Kb¨v m¦Y©jZv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

137 138

wkï XvKv †_‡K Av‡mwb| Avi Uyw½cvov Mªvg †_‡K †h mKj wkï-wK‡kvi wgwó

†bqvi Rb¨ G‡m‡Q, Zv‡ì mK‡jB cÖvq wee ¿| gv‡S gv‡S hwÌ GK AvaR‡bi

Mv‡q e ¿ Av‡Q, Z‡e †m e¯¿ GZB †Quov Ges gwjb †h Zv wee ¿ g‡b nq|

Kv‡RB wee ¿ wkï–wK‡kvi‡ì cy¯ú¯ÍeK Ac©Y Ki‡Z bv w`‡q wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì

cÿ †_‡K GKgvÎ m‡eab bxjgwY m¦Y©jZv‡K RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei

ingvb–Gi gvRv‡i cy¯ú ÍeK Ac©Y Ki‡Z nj|

nu¨v nu¨v, wfwWIUv my›ì n‡Zv

Gici RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingv‡bi Rb¥w`‡bi wØZxq Kg©m~Px

wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì gv‡S wgwó weZiY| wgwó weZiY Ki‡eb RvwZi RbK e½eÜy

†kL gywRei ingv‡bi Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv| gvRvi †_‡K 30/40 dzU cwðg-

`wÿ‡Y †kL evwoi Ab¨ kwi‡Ki †h DVvb (DVvb gv‡b Mªv‡gi N‡ii mvg‡b Lvwj

RvqMv)| GB DVv‡bB uvwo‡q Av‡Q kÕwZ‡bK wkï-wK‡kvi| GB DVv‡bi cwð‡g

†kL nvwmbvi eskxq PvPv †kL Kwe‡ii Ni| GB N‡ii eviv›`v‡KB gÂ wn‡m‡e

aiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b e³„Zv †`qvi eë ’vI Kiv n‡q‡Q| AbyôvbwU wfwWI Kiv

n‡”Q|

mKvj mv‡o AvUUvq RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingvb Gi Av`k©

ev¯ÍevwqZ Kivi m¦cœ †Pv‡L wb‡q fve-M¤¢xifv‡e axi cv‡q wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì wgwó

weZiY Kivi Rb¨ GwM‡q G‡jb RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv| wKš‘ GwK! Abyôv‡b Dcw ’Z 3ki gZ wkï-

wK‡kv‡ii mK‡jB cÖvq e¯¿nxb| gv‡S gv‡S GK-AvaUv wkï Avevi m¤ú~Y©

Dj½| Avi GB Abyôv‡bB Ievq yj Kv‡ì mn XvKv †_‡K Avmv kZ kZ hyeK

mv`v bZyb dzjnvZv kvU© c‡o uvwo‡q Av‡Q| Avi †mB kv‡U©i c‡K‡UB

G¨geªWvqwi K‡i †jLv Av‡Q ÒRvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingvb–Gi

76–Zg Rb¥ DrmeÕÕ|

GB wK wePvi? GB wK we‡eK-we‡ePbv? GB wK Bbmvd? RvwZK RbK

e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingvb Gi Rb¥ Drm‡ei GB w`‡b, Rb¥ Drm‡eB Avmv

Uyw½cvov Mªvg evsjvi GB ytLx e ¿nxb wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì fv‡M¨ RvwZi RbK

e½eÜyi Rb¥ Drme Dcj‡ÿÏ wK GK UyKiv bZyb Kvco RyUjbv ?

wb‡R‡K Avi mvgjv‡bv †Mj bv| Ievq yj Kv‡ì‡K cÖPÛ GK agK w`jvg

GB e‡j †h, wgqv wb‡R †Zv mv½cv½ wb‡q Puuv`vi cqmvq bZyb Rvgv Mv‡q uvwo‡q

Av‡Qb| wK n‡Zv yÕGKk Rvgv GB nZfvMv e ¿nxb wkï‡ì Rb¨ wb‡q G‡j ?

agK †`qvi gyn~‡Z©B g‡b n‡jv e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Avgvi

cÖwZ LeyB Amš‘ó n‡”Qb, ZvB Kfvi †`qvi Rb¨ ejjvg, GUwj÷ wfwWIUv

my›ì nZ|

m‡½ m‡½ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Lywk n‡q ej‡jb, nu¨v nuu¨v wfwWIUv

my›ì n‡Zv|

Gici RvwZi RbK e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv GK UyK‡iv wgwó

†c‡jB Lywk nZfvM¨ wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì gv‡S wgwó weZiY K‡i RvwZi RbK

e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingv‡bi 76–Zg Rb¥ Drm‡ei wØZxh ce© †kl Ki‡jb|

†kL nvwmbv‡K wg‡_¨ ejv

jvMvZvi Qq w`b niZvj †NvlYvi ci H niZv‡ji wKQy Qvo †bqvi D‡Ï‡k¨

1995 mv‡ji 8B b‡f¤¦i we‡Kj 03:00 Uvq e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

e½eÜy GwfwbD–G AvIqvgx jxM Awd‡mi 3q Zjvq mvsevw`K m‡¤§jb

Ki‡Qb| Awd‡mi bx‡P wKQy msL¨K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kgx©iv cywj‡ki mv‡_

msN‡l© wjß n‡j ivqU cywjk AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kg©x©‡ì avIqv Ki‡j wKQy msL¨K

Kgx© Awd‡mi 3q Zjvq P‡j Av‡m Ges †fZi †_‡K †KwP †M‡U Zvjv jvwM‡q

†`q| ivqU cywjkI Kgx©‡ì †cUv‡Z †cUv‡Z Awd‡mi 3q Zjvq P‡j Av‡m|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvIqvgx jxM Awd‡mi †fZ‡i ivqU cywj‡ki Xy‡K

covi K_v ï‡b AZ¨šÍ wÿß nb Ges bvwmg‡K e‡jb, †`L †Zv †Kvb cywjk

Awdmvi GLv‡b G‡mwQj| GLbB Zv‡ì wb‡q Avm|

evnvDwÏb bvwmg wKQyÿY Awd‡mi evB‡i KvwU‡q G‡m ejj| Avcv,

cywj‡kiv me †bg‡cøU Ly‡j G‡mwQj|

GB K_v ï‡b bwRe Avn‡¤§` ejj nu¨v nu¨v cywj‡kiv Zv‡ì Kuva †_‡K

i¨v¼I Ly‡j G‡mwQj| Av`‡Z bwRe Avn‡¤§` bwRe bx‡P †Zv hvqBwb GgbwK

hLb cywjk Awd‡m †Xv‡K ZvI †`‡Lwb| Avm‡j bvwm‡gi wg‡_ï mv‡_ Zvj

wgwj‡q bwRe wb‡Ri wg‡_¨ Ry‡o w`‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K eywS‡q w`‡jv

AvwgI G¨vKk‡b ev Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ AvwQ| Avi bvwmg †h‡nZy wg_¨v e‡j‡Q ZvB

bwR‡ei wg_¨v‡KI mg_©b K‡i †Mj| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv GB

wg‡_¨‡K mZ¨ e‡j a‡i wb‡jb Ges cywj‡ki AvBwRi weiæ‡× gvgjv Ki‡Z

ej‡jb| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi `ßi m¤úv`K wmwÏKzi ingvb GB e¨vcv‡i GKwU

gvgjv Kij| gvgjvwU eZ©gv‡b XvKv Pxd & †g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui Av`vj‡Z

wePvivaxb|

139 140

AvIqvgx jx‡M wm×v‡šÍi ¸iæZ¡

1995 mv‡j Puv`cyi †cŠimfvi wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM g‡bvbxZ †Pqvig¨vb

cÖv_x©i weiæ‡× AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wm×všÍ D‡cÿv K‡i AvIqvgx hyejx‡Mi GK Kgx©

†Pqvig¨vb cÖv_x© nq Ges hyejx‡Mi GB Kg©x© AvIqvgx jxM cÖv_x©‡K civwRZ K‡i

Puv`cyi †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb wbe©vwPZ n‡q hvq| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wm×všÍ D‡cÿv

K‡i AvIqvgxjxM g‡bvbxZ cÖv_x©i weiæ‡× hyejxM Kgx©i wbe©vP‡b cÖv_x© nIqv‡K

†K› ª K‡i avbgwÛ 8 b¤¦‡i AvIqvgx dvD‡Ûkb Awd‡m AvIqvgx jxM †K› ªxq

Kvh©wbe©vnx KwgwUi êVK e‡m| AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi

mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ GB êV‡K `jxq k„sLjv iÿvi welq‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`qv nq Ges

we ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| Av‡jvPbvq we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ mnKv‡i ejv nq AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi wm×v‡šÍi cÖwZ e„×v½ywj †`wL‡q `jxq k„•Ljv f½ K‡i AvIqvgx jxM

cÖv_x©i weiæ‡× hyejxM Kgx©i wbe©vP‡b cÖv_x© nIqv `jxq k„sLjv iÿvi cÖ‡qvR‡b

kvw Í‡hvM¨ Aciva| hwÌ hyejxM cÖv_x© wbe©vP‡b weRqx n‡q †cŠimfvi

†Pqvig¨vb n‡q‡Q Ze yI Zv‡K kvw Í †`qv AZ¨šÍ Riæix| †Kbbv mvg‡b RvZxq

msm` wbe©vPb| hyejxM Kgx© Ges eZ©gv‡b Puv`cyi †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb‡K `jxq

k„sLjv f‡½i Aciv‡a „óvšÍg~jK kvw Í bv w`‡j msm` wbe©vP‡bI A‡b‡KB

AvIqvgxjxM g‡bvbxZ cÖv_x©i weiæ‡× `jxq k„•Ljv f½ K‡i cÖv_x© n‡q hv‡e|

BZ¨vw` we ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbvi ci †kL nvwmbvi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ êV‡K

AvIqvgxjxM †K› ªxq Kvh©wbe©vnx KwgwU me© m¤§wZµ‡g hyejxM Kgx© Puv`cyi

†cŠimfvi be wbe©vwPZ †Pqvig¨vb‡K msMVb †_‡K ewn¯‹vi Kivi wm×všÍ †bq|

ciw`b mKv‡j †kL nvwmbvi PvPv‡Zv fvB †kL bv‡m‡ii 4_© †Q‡j †kL

†njv‡ji 4_© fvB 20/22 eQ‡ii hyeK †kL iæ‡ej avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦vi †kL

nvwmbvi evmvq G‡m e½eÜy Kb¨v AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K ejj,

Avcv Zywg Puv`cyi †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb‡K gvjv w`‡q eiY K‡i †bI|

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, bv I‡K ewn¯‹vi Kie| †kL iæ‡ej ejj, I mevB‡K

nvivBqv (civwRZ K‡i) †Pqvig¨vb nB‡Q, I‡K gvjv bv w`qv ewn¯‹vi Kiev

GBUv Zywg (†kL nvwmbv) KI wK ? Rjw` I‡i WvBKv AvBbv Mjvq gvjv w`qv

wgwó LvIqvI|

AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, ~i MZ iv‡ZB

†Zv AvIqvgx jxM †K› ªxq IqvwK©s KwgwU wm×všÍ wb‡Q I‡K ewn¯‹vi Kivi|

†kL iæ‡ej ejj, ivL †Zvgvi IqvwK©s-dzqvwK©s KwgwU| IqvwK©s KwgwU

dwgwUi K_v Zywg ïB‡bv bv| Iiv Rv‡b wK ? †ePviv wRZv AvB‡Q †Kv_vq evn &ev

wèv| Zvbv Ggb Dëv K_v| eo Avcv Zywg †Pqvig¨vb wn‡m‡e Awfb›`b

cvVvI| AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v ej‡jb ZvB‡j GK Kvg Kwi,

Av‡M ewn¯‹vi Kwi c‡i ewn¯‹vi cÖZ¨vnvi Kwi|

†kL iæ‡ej ejj †`L, Avwg †Zvgv‡i KB‡ZwQ, GLbB †Pqvig¨vb wn‡m‡e

Awfb›`b RvbvI Avi XvKv AvBbv wgwó LvIqvBqv Mjvq gvjv †Ì|

mfv‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, ZvB‡j †Zv GLbB wRjøyi

ingvb (AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K) †K ej‡Z nq, bB‡j Avevi

ewn¯‹v‡ii wPwV cvwV‡q †`‡e| GZÿ‡Y cvwV‡q w`‡q‡Q wK bv †K Rv‡b|

e‡jB m‡½ m‡½ †dvb K‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfv‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K wRjøyi ingvb‡K ej‡jb, ï‡bb

MZKvj iv‡Z IqvwK©s KwgwU Puv`cyi †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb‡K ewn¯‹vi Kivi †h

wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Q H wPwVUv cvVv‡qb bv| †P‡c hvb|

Gici †kL iæ‡ej P‡j hvIqvi Rb¨ wmwo‡Z †b‡g G‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi evevi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡qi †Q‡j bwRe Avnv‡¤§` bwRe †kL iæ‡e‡ji c_

AvM‡j uvwo‡q e‡j, GB iæ‡ej, Puv`cy‡ii †Pqvig¨vb–Gi KvQ †_‡K KZ UvKv

wb‡qwQm ? Avgvi fvM †`|

†kL iæ‡ej e‡j, ~i ~i m‡iv, hvB‡Z `vI|

bwRe e‡j, Avgvi fvM †` bB‡j hvB‡Z w`gybv| eo Avcv‡i KBqv w`gy|

†kL iæ‡ej e‡j, c‡i wbI, c‡i wbI| GL‡bv nv‡Z cvB bvB| bwRe e‡j wVK

Av‡Q Avgv‡i w`we †Zv ?

nu¨v w`gy|

RbZv‡K kvšÍ _vKvi e³„Zv

1995 mv‡ji 24†k AvMó cywjk wbivc‡` evwo †cŠ‡Q †`qvi bvg K‡i

Bqvmwgb bv‡g 14 eQ‡ii GK wK‡kvix‡K w`bvRcyi hvIqvi c‡_ al©Y I nZ¨v

K‡i| GB Lei RvbvRvwb n‡q †M‡j cÎ-cwÎKvq cÖKvk n‡j, w`bvRcy‡ii gvbyl

weÿyä n‡q D‡V Ges w`bvRcy‡ii gvbyl cywj‡ki weiæ‡× wgwQj-wgwUs ïiæ Ki‡j

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv w`bvRcyi †Rjv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ G¨vW‡fv‡KU

Avãyi iwngmn K‡qKRb †Rjv †bZv‡K AbwZwej‡¤¦ Riæix wfwË‡Z XvKvq Zje

K‡ib| G¨vW‡fv‡KU Avãyi iwngmn w`bvRcy‡ii cuvP †bZv XvKv G‡m 32 b¤¦i

avbgwÛ e½eÜy fe‡bi jvB‡eªwi iæ‡g we‡Kj cÖvq cuvPUvq e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi m‡½ iæ×Øvi ‰eVK K‡ib| e½eÜy fe‡bi GB êV‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v

141 142

†kL nvwmbv Avcbv-Avcwb ïiæ nIqv w`bvRcyievmxi GB Av‡›`vjb‡K †h †Kvb

wKQyi wewbg‡q cÖPÛ we‡ÿv‡f iƒc w`‡q we‡ùviY NUv‡bvi civgk© I wb‡ ©k

†`b| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv e‡jb w`bvRcyievmxi GB we‡ÿvf‡K

wb ©jxq †Lvj‡m (Avei‡Y) †i‡L Lv‡j`v wRqv miKv‡ii weiæ‡× GB MYwe‡ÿvf

Av‡iv †eMgvb, Av‡iv Pv½v K‡i MYAfy¨Ìvb m„wó K‡i Lv‡j`v miKv‡ii cZb

NUv‡Z n‡e| GLb Avi XvKvi w`‡K †P‡q _vK‡j Pj‡e bv| GLb w`bvRcyi

†_‡KB ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges XvKvq G‡m †kl Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖwZw`b cÖwZ gyn~‡Z©

cywj‡ki mv‡_ msNl© Ki‡Z n‡e| jv‡ki ci jvk †dj‡Z n‡e| cywj‡ki jvkI

†dj‡Z n‡e| hZ UvKv-cqmv jv‡M wb‡q hvb| Zey GB Kg©m~Px ev ÍevwqZ Ki‡Z

n‡e| H cywj‡ki gv‡S †jvK Av‡Q hv‡ì UvKv-cqmv w`‡j ¸wj K‡i gvbyl

†g‡i jv‡ki Íyc jvwM‡q w`‡e| cywj‡ki mv‡_I K›UªvK Ki‡eb, UvKv-cqmv

w`‡eb| g‡b ivL‡eb hw` G¸‡jv mdj Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zvn‡jB †KejgvÎ ÿgZvi

gyL †`L‡Z cvi‡eb| bB‡j Rxe‡b Avi AvIqvgx jxM‡K ÿgZv wb‡Z cvi‡eb

bv| mviv †`‡k hw` Gme `v½v, nv½vgv, jyUZivR, Lyb-Lvivwe Qwo‡q w`‡Z

cv‡ib, Z‡eB GKgvÎ hw` ÿgZvi gyL †`‡Lb| Bqvmwgb gBiv Gme NUv‡bvi

GKUv my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Q, GLb GUv‡K Kv‡R jvMvb| g‡b ivL‡eb Gme Aek¨B

n‡Z n‡e wb ©jxq e¨vbv‡i| AvIqvgx jxM bv‡g we› ywemM©I †hb bv Av‡m| dvj

w`‡q †KD g‡Â hv‡eb bv| me Ki‡eb wcQb †_‡K| cviZc‡ÿ †Kvb e¨vcv‡iB

gyL Lyj‡eb bv| hw` gyL Lyj‡ZB nq Zvn‡j ywbqvi hZ fv‡jv K_v Av‡Q ZvB

ej‡eb| Kv‡R hvB †nvK gy‡L ivL‡eb ïay fv‡jv K_v| Avi mwZ¨B hw` GKUv

j¼vKvÐ NwU‡Z w`‡Z cv‡ib, Zvn‡j Avwg w`bvRcy‡i Avme| wKš‘ ILv‡b

Avcbv‡ì mv‡_ Avgvi †Kvb K_v n‡e bv| Avwg ïay e³„Zvq e‡j Avme ‰ah©

aiæb, kvšÍ _vKzb BZ¨vw` RvZxq K_v| wKš‘ Avcbviv KvR cy‡ivcywi Pvwj‡q

hv‡eb| GLb 20 jvL UvKv wb‡q hvb| cwiw ’wZ ey‡S evwK hv jvM‡e ILv‡bB

†cŠ‡Q wè| Avwg ïay KvR PvB| UvKv wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ Avcbv‡ì MvwoUvwoi

eë¯’v Av‡Q? bB‡j Avwg UvKv wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ Mvwoi eë¯’v K‡i †`B|

G¨vW‡fv‡KU Avãyi iwngmn Ab¨vb¨ †bZviv e½eÜy Kb¨vi KvQ †_‡K we`vq

wb‡q e½eÜy feb Z¨vM K‡i P‡j †Mj ivZ ZLb AvUUv| Iw`‡K w`bvRcy‡ii

Acivax cywjk Bqvmgxb nZ¨vKvÐ avgvPvcv †`qvi †Póv Ki‡j w`bvRcy‡ii

RbZv Av‡iv weÿy× n‡q D‡V| e½eÜy feb †_‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi KvQ

†_‡K we`vq wb‡q P‡j hvIqvi wVK yB w`b c‡i, GW‡fv‡KU Avãyi iwng

avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦‡i (5 b¤¦i avbgwÛi evmvq) †dvb K‡i Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K bv

†c‡q GB e‡j g¨v‡mR ev msev` †`b †h, †bÎx‡K ej‡eb GLb ch©šÍ cywj‡ki

†Kv‡bv jvk cvIqvi msev` cvIqv hvq bvB| Z‡e GLb ch©šÍ cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z

wbnZ mvZ (7) Rb w`bvRcyievmxi jvk cvIqv †M‡Q| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

evmvq wdi‡j Zv‡K GB g¨v‡mR ev msev` †`qv n‡j wZwb m‡½ m‡½ Zvi

wbivcËvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ †¯úkvj eªv‡Âi cywjk‡ì AvR Avi †Kv‡bv KvR

†bB e‡j we`vq K‡i w`‡q, avbgwÛ 8 b¤¦i †iv‡W Zvi PvPv‡Zv PvPv †kL

nvwdRyi ingvb †Uv‡Kb–Gi evmvq wM‡q w`bvRcy‡i G¨vW‡fv‡KU Avãyi iwn‡gi

m‡½ K_v e‡jb| e½eÜy Kb¨v e‡jb, wVK Av‡Q Pvwj‡q hvb| Av‡iv †Rv‡i

Pvwj‡q hvb| UvKv cqmv hv ìKvi Avcwb †c‡q hv‡eb| Avi GKUy †Rvi`vi

K‡ib| Avwg AvmwQ|

AZtci e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv w`bvRcyi †M‡jb| RbZv‡K kvšÍ

_vKvi I âh©¨ aivi e³„Zv w`‡q Avevi XvKvq wd‡i G‡jb Ges wd‡i G‡m

ej‡jb, bv, hZ ¸o ZZ wgVv nqwb| A_©vr hZ UvKv LiP Kiv n‡q‡Q ZZ dj

Av‡mwb|

LvZv–Kjg, †Mvjv–eviæ` I w`M¤¦i

12 wW‡m¤¦i, 1994 mvj| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi wb‡ ©‡k AvIqvgx jx‡Mi QvÎ msMVb evsjv‡`k QvÎjxM gwZwSj kvcjv

PZ¡‡i QvÎ‡ì gnv mgv‡e‡ki Av‡qvRb K‡i‡Q| gvÎ K‡qK w`b Av‡M cÖavbgš¿x

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv GB gwZwSj kvcjv PZ¡‡iB weGbwc–Gi QvÎ msMVb

RvZxqZvev`x QvÎ`j‡K w`‡q QvÎ‡ì gnv mgv‡ek K‡i‡Qb| QvÎ`‡ji GB gnv

mgv‡e‡k cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv e³„Zvq e‡j‡Qb we‡ivax`‡ji †gvKv‡ejv

Kivi Rb¨ QvÎ`jB h‡_ó| QvÎ`‡ji H gnv mgv‡e‡ki cvëv gnv mgv‡ek

wn‡m‡e e½eÜy Kb¨v we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv AvR‡Ki GB QvÎjx‡Mi

gnv mgv‡e‡ki Av‡qvRb K‡i‡Qb Ges †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi H e³„Zvi cvëv

Reve wn‡m‡e †kL nvwmbv AvR e³„Zv Ki‡eb| e½eÜy Kb¨v we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx

†kL nvwmbv weKvj 04:15 Uvq g‡Â DV‡jb| AvR‡Ki GB QvÎjx‡Mi gnv

mgv‡e‡ki g‡Âi GKUv we‡kl Ges D‡jøL¨‡hvM¨ w`K n‡jv †KejgvÎ QvÎjx‡Mi

†bZviv Ges GKgvÎ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb AvIqvgx jxM

†bZv‡ì emvi eë¯’v n‡jv bv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv QvÎjx‡Mi †bZv‡ì

Øviv cwi‡ewóZ n‡q g‡Â em‡jb| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZviv g‡Âi wbP †_‡K

g‡Â D‡V e³„Zv w`‡q Avevi g‡Âi bx‡P P‡j †M‡jb| e½eÜy Kb¨v we‡ivax

143 144

`jxq †bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi e³„Zvq QvÎ‡ì †jLvcovq we‡kl g‡bv‡hvM †`qvi

D`vi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb Ges g‡Â Dcw ’Z QvÎjx‡Mi †bZv‡ì nv‡Z LvZv-Kjg

Zy‡j w`‡jb| LvZv-Kjg Zy‡j †`qvi gyn~‡Z© d‡Uv mvsevw`‡Ki K¨v‡giv evievi

Sj‡m DVj| Zvic‡ii w`b †`‡ki cÖvq me¸‡jv RvZxq ‰`wbK cwÎKvq LvZv-

Kjg Zy‡j †`qvi Qwe Qvcv n‡jv Ges QvÎ‡ì †jLvcovq g‡bv‡hvM †`qvi Rb¨

†kL nvwmbvi AvnŸvb‡K cwÎKvi wk‡ivbvg Kiv n‡jv| wKš‘ Zvi Av‡M 9B

wW‡m¤¦i, 1994 ïµevi weKvj 03:00 Uvq avbgwÛ 32 b¤¦i e½eÜy fe‡bi

jvB‡eªwi K‡ÿ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv QvÎjxM †bZv ARq Ki c¼R, wngvsmy

†èbv_, †R¨vwZ©gq mvnv, wÎ‡e`x †fŠwgK Ges Avjgmn †gvU 09 Rb‡K †W‡K

G‡b mvg‡bi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡qvRb n‡e e‡j †Mvjveviæ` I A ¿k¯¿ †Kbvi Rb¨

bM` GK jÿ UvKv w`‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v e‡jb, AvMvgx 28†k wW‡m¤¦i RvZxq

msm` †_‡K c`Z¨vM Kivi ci †Zvgiv XvKv knimn mviv †`‡k bwRiwenxb

Îv‡mi m„wó Ki‡e| Lv‡j`v wRqvi cZb bv nIqv ch©šÍ cÖwZw`b 5/10Uv jvk

Aek¨B †dj‡Z n‡e| bB‡j Lv‡j`v wRqvi cZb n‡e bv| Gi Rb¨ hZ UvKv

jvM‡e †Zvgiv cv‡e| UvKvi †Kv‡bv Afve n‡e bv| †Zvgiv †Mvjveviæ` I

A ¿k‡¯¿i wekvj gRy` M‡o Zyj‡e| Z‡e XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q GB ¸wj ivL‡e bv|

KviY XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q cywjk †iW Ki‡j GB mKj A ¿k¯¿ I †evgv Avgv‡ì

nvZQvov n‡q hv‡e| GBme wRwbmcÎ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i wbivc` RvqMvq

ivL‡e|

Avi GKUv `vwqZ¡ †Zvgiv wmwiqvmwj cvjb Ki‡e| †mUv n‡jv GB †h,

B¯‹vUb Mv‡W©b †ivW Ges B‡Wb K‡j‡Ri cwðg cv‡k¦© †h †KvqvU©vi¸‡jv Av‡Q,

†m¸‡jv me mwPe, Dc-mwPe‡ì| Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) niZvj w`‡jI GB mwPe

Dc-mwPeiv cv‡q †nu‡U wVKB mwPevj‡q hvq| Gici hLb Avwg niZvj †`‡ev,

†Zvgiv G‡ì evmvi Kv‡Q IuZ †c‡Z _vK‡e, †m‡µUvwiiv (mwPeiv) †nu‡U †nu‡U

†m‡µUvwi‡qU †h‡Z _vK‡e| cw_g‡a¨ †Zvgiv I‡ì Kvco-†Pvco Ly‡j b¨vsUv

K‡i †dj‡e|

QvÎjxM †bZviv ejj, Avgv‡ì yB MÖæ‡c fvM K‡i †`b| GK MÖæc

†Mvjveviæ`, A ¿k‡ ¿i `vwq‡Z¡ _vwK| Avi Ab¨ MÖæc mwPe‡ì Dj½ Kivi

`vwq‡Z¡ _vKzK|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ZLb Avjg‡K mwPe‡ì †bsUv Kivi `vwqZ¡

w`‡jb|

Gici A‡bK niZvj hvq, wKš‘ mwPe‡ì †bsUv Kiv nq bv| e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi cÿ †_‡K mwPe‡ì Kvco Ly‡j Dj½ Kivi `vwqZ¡cÖvß

Avjg‡K evievi ZvwM` †`qv m‡Ë¡I hLb mwPeiv Dj½ n‡”Q bv, ZLb wZwb

(†kL nvwmbv) XvjvIfv‡e hv‡K Kv‡Q cvb Zv‡KB mwPe‡ì †bsUv Kivi `vwqZ¡

w`‡Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ ZviciI mwPeiv Dj½ n‡”Q bv †`‡L e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv fqvbK †i‡M †M‡jb Ges mwPe‡ì Dj½ Kivi g~j `vwqZ¡cÖvß Avjg‡K

bM` wek nvRvi UvKv w`‡q ej‡jb, GB wek nvRvi UvKv GLb w`jvg| evwK

Av‡iv wÎk nvRvi UvKv mwPe‡ì †bsUv Kivi Rb¨ †`‡ev Ges c‡ii niZv‡jB

†bsUv Ki‡Z n‡e| bB‡j cyiv UvKv †diZ w`‡Z n‡e|

wVKB c‡ii niZv‡jB Avjg XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †`v‡qj PZ¡‡ii mvg‡b

GKRb‡K Dj½ K‡i †djj, avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡Wi 54 bv¤¦vi evwo‡Z e½eÜy

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi Kv‡Q GB Dj½ Kivi mdjZvi msev` †cŠuQ‡j wZwb

Lywk‡Z wgwó LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ Avjg‡K †W‡K Avb‡Z †jvK cvVvb| wKš‘ Avjg

ZZÿ‡Y cywj‡ki nv‡Z aiv c‡o hvq| Zvi c‡ii w`b †`‡ki mKj msev`c‡Îi

w`M¤¦i wk‡ivbv‡g Qwemn Lei Qvcv nq| Rvbv hvq, GB Dj½ ev w`M¤¦‡ii

wkKvi nIqv e¨w³ GKRb mwPe (†m‡µUvwi) bb| wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb

AwZ mvaviY bvMwiK| †Mv‡ePviv cvewjK|

†mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K ÿgZv `L‡ji cÖ¯Íve

†Kv‡bv Av‡›`vj‡b, †Kv‡bv msMÖv‡gB KvR n‡”Q bv| cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v

wRqv GKZidvfv‡e AvMvgx 15B †deªyqvwi mßg cvj©v‡g‡›Ui †bÎx n‡”Qb Ges

2q ev‡ii g‡Zv msweavb Abyhvqx miKvi MVb Ki‡Z hv‡”Qb|

mßg cvj©v‡g›U wbe©vPb weGbwcÕi cybivq miKvi MVb Ges Lv‡j`v wRqvi

cybivq cÖavbgš¿x nIqv wKQy‡ZB hLb †VKv‡bv hv‡”Q bv ZLb e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv 17B Rvbyqvwi, 1996 mÜ¨vq †kL †invbvi bb‡ì

¸jkv‡bi evwo‡Z K‡b©j Zv‡iK wmwÏKx (†kL †invbvi fvmyi, cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv ÿgZv G‡mB me©cÖ_g Zv‡iK wmwÏKx‡K K‡b©j †_‡K we‡MÖwWqvi

c‡`vbœwZ †`b Ges Zvi wbRm¦ mvgwiK ÷vd wb‡qvM K‡ib|) Gi mv‡_ †Mvc‡b

Av‡jvPbv K‡ib Ges Zv‡iK wmwÏKxi gva¨‡g †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U

†Rbv‡ij Avey mv‡jn †gvnv¤§` bvwmg (exi weµg)–†K ivóªxq ÿgZv `Lj Kivi

cÖ Íve †`b| A_©vr e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij

bvwmg‡K mvgwiK Afy¨Ìvb K‡i †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv miKvi‡K DrLvZ K‡i

ivóªxq ÿgZv `Lj Kivi cÖ Íve †`b| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi

wb‡Ri Zid †_‡K Ges Zvi `j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Zid †_‡K †mbvevwnbx cÖavb

145 146

†Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K Kz¨ Kivi e¨vcv‡i mvwe©K wbtkZ© mg_©b I me©cÖKvi mvnvh¨-

mn‡hvwMZv Kivi c~Y© Avk¦vm †`b| 1982 mv‡j weGbwc miKvi DrLvZ Kivi

Rb¨ e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ZLbKvi †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U

†Rbv‡ij ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv`‡K †hfv‡e Avgš¿Y Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb Ges mvnvh¨-

mn‡hvwMZv I mg_©‡bi Avk¦vm w`‡qwQ‡jb, wVK GKBfv‡e 1996 Gi ga¨

Rvbyqvwi‡Z e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †mbvcÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg (exi

weµg) –†K ÿgZv `Lj Kivi Rb¨ mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv I mg_©‡bi Avk¦vm

w`‡jb| wKš‘ Gevi †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij Avey mv‡jn

†gvnv¤§` bvwmg (exi weµg) e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cÖ Ív‡e mvq bv w`‡q

Dciš‘ e‡j cvVv‡jb, Avwg †ckv`vi ‰mwbK| †ck`vi ˆmwb‡Ki †ckv`vi

ˆmwbKB _vKv DwPZ Ges †`‡k eZ©gv‡b hv Pj‡Q Zv ivR‰bwZK msKU|

ivRbxwZwe`‡ìB GB ivR‰bwZK msKU ivR‰bwZKfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv I wbimb

Ki‡Z n‡e| †mbvevwnbx GB msK‡U RwoZ n‡q bZyb msKU m„wó Ki‡e bv|

Gic‡i Rb‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv cÖPÐ nZvk n‡q GB †`‡k Avi

_vKv hv‡e bv e‡j gšÍe¨ K‡ib|

cywj‡ki jvk PvB, †g‡jUvwii jvk PvB

AvR 10B †deªyqvwi, 1996| mKvj 9 Uv| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡Wi 54 bv¤¦vi–G Zuvi wbR evmfe‡bi wØZxq Zjvq

wfwfAvBwc Wªwqs iæ‡g QvÎjxM mfvcwZ Gbvgyj nK kvgxg, mvaviY m¤úv`K

BmvnvK Avjx Lvb cvbœv, bvivqYM‡Äi kvgxg Imgvb (eZ©gv‡b AvIqvgx jxM

Ggwc) ARq Ki c¼R, wbiÄb mvnv, w`c¼i, Awmg, mvab `vm mn †gvU GMvi

(11) Rb‡K wb‡q LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y,© LyeB Riæix Ges LyeB †Mvcb êV‡K

e‡m‡Qb| Avm‡Q AvMvgx 15B †deªqvvi cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv GKKfv‡e

RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb Ki‡Z hv‡”Qb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv GB wbe©vPb

evbPvj Kivi Rb¨ me©kw³ w`‡q gv‡V †b‡g‡Qb| Rxeb-giY jovB| AvR

we‡Kj 03:00 Uvq cvš’c‡_ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi mgv‡ek Ges GB

mgv‡ek †k‡l cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi evmfeb Awfgy‡L wgwQj n‡e|

GB mgv‡ek I wgwQ‡ji wel‡qB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv êV‡K e‡m‡Qb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv AZ¨šÍ Riæix, AZ¨všÍ †Mvcbxq Ges AZ¨šÍ

¸iæZ¡c~Y© wb‡ ©k I Kg©m~Px †`qvi Rb¨B GB êV‡K e‡m‡Qb| e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx AvIqvgxjxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K fxlY wPwšÍZ I gwjb †`Lv‡”Q|

†KD †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡Q bv| wZwbI †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡Qb bv| mevB Pyc K‡i e‡m

Av‡Q| g‡b n‡”Q †hb, hy‡× civwRZ ivRvnviv ivYx Avi Zvi ˆmwb‡Kiv e‡m

Av‡Q| nVvr Kvbœv weRwoZ ev¯úiæ× K‡Ú e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb,

AvR Avgvi GKwU fvBI †eu‡P †bB| hw` GKwU fvBI †eu‡P _vKZ, Zvn‡j Avwg

†h wb‡ ©k w`Zvg †h Kg©m~Px w`Zvg Zv Aek¨B cvjb n‡Zv| †Zvgiv wK Avgvi

fvB n‡Z cvi bv? Avwg †Zv †Zvgv‡ì fvB–B g‡b Kwi| †Zvgv‡ì gv‡SB

Avgvi nvwi‡q hvIqv fvB‡ì Lyu‡R †c‡Z PvB| wKš‘ †Zvgiv wK Avgv‡K †evb

g‡b K‡iv? hw` †Zvgiv Avgv‡K †evb g‡b K‡iv, hw` mZ¨ mwZ¨B †Zvgiv Avgvi

nvwi‡q hvIqv fvB nI| Zvn‡j GB KwVb w`‡b, KwVb Kg©m~Px cvjb Kivi Rb¨

cÖ ÍyZ nI|

mK‡jB Avgvi mv‡_ kc_ †bI, e‡jB Dcw ’Z mKj‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv kc_ Kiv‡jb Ges Dcw ’Z mK‡jB kc_ wbj| †kL

nvwmbv kc_ evK¨ D”PviY Ki‡jb, ÕÕ Avgiv kc_ wb‡ZwQ †h, †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi

Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv Rxeb DrmM© Kijvg| Ges Avgiv Av‡iv

kc_ Kwi‡ZwQ †h, Avgv‡ì †bÎx †kL nvwmbvi †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi wb‡ ©k Zv hZ

KwVbB †nvK bv †Kb Rxeb w`‡q cvjb Kie|ÕÕ

kc_ evK¨ cvV †kl n‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, AvR Avwg `k

(10) Uv cywj‡ki jvk PvB| 5(cuvP) Uv †g‡jUvwii jvk PvB|

cywj‡ki jvk PvIqv e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi bZyb wKQy bq| AZx‡Z

eûevi wZwb cywj‡ki jvk †P‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ AvR‡Ki g‡Zv GZ AvbyôvwbKZv GZ

bvUKxqZv K‡i AZx‡Z KL‡bv wZwb cywj‡ki jvk Pvbwb| AZx‡Z wZwb (†kL

nvwmbv) gv‡S gv‡SB ej‡Zb, cywj‡ki jvk PvB| cywj‡ki jvk PvB| wKš‘

KvD‡K wbw ©ó K‡i ej‡Zb bv| Lye Kov K‡i ej‡Zb bv| nVvr weoweo K‡i

K_v¸‡jv ej‡Z _vK‡Zb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv weoweo K‡i cywj‡ki jvk

PvB, cywj‡ki jvk PvB ej‡Z _vK‡jI †KD Zv ïbZ bv, Zv bq| Dcw ’Z

mK‡jB Zv ïbZ| wKš‘ †KDB Zv ¸iæZ¡ w`Z bv Ges cvjb KiZ bv| e½eÜy

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Òcywj‡ki jvk PvB, cywj‡ki jvk PvBÓ K_v¸‡jv

nvIqvi Dci †Q‡o w`‡Zb| Avi Dcw ’Z mK‡jB Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) b¨vq

nvIqv‡ZB K_v¸‡jv wgwj‡q †h‡Z w`Z| wKš‘ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv gb

†_‡KB Ggb wKQy NUv‡bvi Rb¨B K_v¸‡jv ej‡Zb| A_P †KDB †kL nvwmbvi

K_v cvjb KiZ bv| cywj‡ki jvk †djZ bv| Avi †mB Rb¨ AvR 10B

†deªyqvwi, 1996 GZ AvbyôvwbKZv Avi GZ fve-M¤¢xi cwi‡e‡k kc‡_i gva¨‡g

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv 10Uv cywj‡ki Avi 5Uv †g‡jUvwii

147 148

(†mbvevwnbxi) jvk PvB‡jb| GKUv weªd‡Km nv‡Z iæ‡g cÖ‡ek Kij †kL

nvwmbvi dzdv‡Zv fvB (Avãyi ie †miwbqvev‡Zi †Q‡j) Aveyj nvmbvZ Avãyjøvn

(eZ©gv‡b RvZxq msm‡ì miKvwi `‡ji Pxd ûBc)| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

weªd‡Km Ly‡j 500 (cuvPkZ) UvKvi bM` 10Uv evwÛj gv‡b 5 jÿ UvKv †X‡j

w`‡q ej‡jb, GB bvI, hvI Kg©m~Px ev ÍevwqZ Ki|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rbb‡Îx †kL nvwmbv avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦‡ii evmv †_‡K iIbv n‡q

we‡Kj 03:30 Uvq cvš’c‡_i mgv‡e‡ki g‡Â DV‡jb| mgv‡e‡k nvRvi wZ‡bK

†jvK Rgv‡qZ n‡q‡Q| wZb-Pvi Rb †bZv e³„Zv †k‡l e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

e³„Zv w`‡Z DV‡jb| e³„Zvi ïiæ‡ZB wZwb ej‡jb, Avgiv cÖavbgš¿x Lv‡j`v

wRqvi evmfe‡b wgwQj wb‡q hve| Avcbviv mK‡jB wgwQ‡j Ask wb‡eb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †hB G K_v ej‡jb Avi AgwbB PZyw ©K †_‡K †evgv-cUKv-

¸wj ïiæ nj| gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ mg‡eZ RbZv w`wM¦w`K Ávbïb¨ n‡q †K †Kv_vq

†Mj Zvi nw`m cvIqv †Mj bv| mgv‡ek¯’j duvKv ïb¨ n‡q †Mj| g‡Âi †bZviv

cwi wK gwi K‡i gÂ †_‡K jvwd‡q c‡o cvjv‡Z jvMj| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv‡K AwZ K‡ó gÂ †_‡K bvwg‡q avbgwÛ 32 b¤¦‡i e½eÜy fe‡b wb‡q

hvIqv n‡jv| cvjv‡bvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq †bZviv †KD Kv‡iv †P‡q Kg †M‡jb bv|

GgbwK e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi g‡Âi wmuwo w`‡q bvg‡Z †`wi nw”Qj, GB

Ae ’vq wcQ‡b c‡i hvIqv GK †bZv (eZ©gv‡b gš¿x) Zv‡K (†kL nvwmbv‡K)

av°v †g‡i wb‡P †d‡j w`‡q cvwj‡q hvq|

mgv‡ek I cÖavbgš¿x Lv‡j`v wRqvi evmfeb Awfgy‡L wgwQj Kg©m~Px e¨_©

nq| c‡i †Mvj‡hv‡Mi Kvi‡Y cywjk †mvbviMuv †ivW, cvš’c_, Mªxb †ivW BZ¨vw`

†iv‡W hvbevnb PjvPj eÜ K‡i w`‡j, KjvevMvb †iv‡W hvbR‡U AvU‡K cov

weAviwUwmi ywU †`vZjv evm, wZbwU UªvK, wZwb wcKvc Mvwo, cuvPwU cÖvB‡fU

Kvi, PviwU †ewe U¨vw· (¯‹yUvi) BZ¨vw`‡Z Ges avbgwÛ ewÎ‡ki mvg‡b ïµvev`

†c‡Uªvj cv‡¤ú e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi wb‡ ©‡k e½eÜy fe‡bi ÷vd (Kg©Pvix)

w`‡q Av¸b jvwM‡q cÖwZ‡kva wn‡m‡e R¡vwj‡q †`qv n‡jv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv avbgwÛ ewÎ‡ki mvg‡b wbR nv‡Z GKUv ¯‹yUv‡i (†ewe U¨vw·) Av¸b

jvwM‡q w`‡jb|

†eCgvbUv Avm‡Q

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi `j weGbwc 15 B †deªyqvwii wbe©vP‡bi w`b †fvU

†K‡› ª †fvUvi Dcw ’Z Ki‡Z bv cvivq GZw`b ch©šÍ weGbwci c‡ÿ _vKv

ivR‰bwZK gnj, cÖkvmb I Ab¨vbïv GLb cÖKv‡k¨B weGbwci we‡ivwaZv ïiæ

K‡i|

17B †deªyqvvi, 1996| kwbevi ycyi cÖvq 03:00 Uv| avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i

†iv‡Wi e½eÜy †kL nvwmbvi 54 b¤¦‡ii evwoi Dc‡ii Zjvq 868779

†Uwj‡dvbwU †e‡R D‡V| †dvbwU wiwmf K‡i n¨v‡jv ej‡ZB, †dv‡bi Aci cÖvšÍ

†_‡K †f‡m Gj n¨v‡jv, Avwg nvwbd, nvwbd!

Avwg bM‡ii mfvcwZ nvwbd, XvKvi †gqi|

Avm&mvjvgy AvjvBKzg nvwbd fvB, Avcwb?

nu¨v Avwg|

Avcwb †K?

Avwg .............|

I fvj Av‡Qv fvB? wR¡ fv‡jv| Avwg GKUy †bÎxi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z

PvBwQjvg| A‡bKw`b Amy¯’ wQjvg| K_vevZ©v ej‡Z cvwi bvB, ZvB GLb GKUy

ej‡Z PvB| †bÎx‡K GKUy †`qv hvq?

R¡x a‡ib, †`LwQ †bÎx †Kv_vq!

e½eÜy Kb¨v fvZ †L‡q †ewm‡b nvZ ayw”Q‡jb| ejv n‡jv, Avcv †gqi †dvb

K‡i‡Q|

†bÎx nvZ gyQ‡Z gyQ‡Z †dv‡bi w`‡K †nu‡U Avm‡Z Avm‡Z ej‡jb,

gwnDwÏb fvB †Zv (PÆMªvg wmwU Ki‡cv‡ik‡bi †gqi)?

bv, XvKvi †gqi|

ï‡bB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv _g‡K wM‡q Avcb g‡bB e‡j DV‡jb,

†eCgvbUv| wKQyÿY uvwo‡q _vK‡jb| Mfxifv‡e wKQy GKUv fve‡jb| g‡b nq

†dvb ai‡eb wK ai‡eb bv wPšÍv Ki‡jb| Zvici axi cv‡q GwM‡q G‡jb|

†dvbUv ai‡jb, n¨v‡jv| bv bv GLv‡b bv, GLv‡b bv| ewÎ‡k Av‡mb (ewÎk gv‡b

avbgwÛ ewÎk b¤¦i e½eÜy fe‡b)| cweÎ RvqMvq Av‡mb| cweÎ RvqMvq e‡mB

Av‡jvPbv Kwi|

nu¨v GÿywY Av‡mb, nu¨v, Avcwb bv Avmv ch©šÍ Avwg AvwQ|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †Uwj‡dvbwU †i‡L w`‡q ej‡jb, P‡jv P‡jv ewÎ‡k

hvB| †eCgvbUv Avm‡Z‡Q| P‡jv ewÎ‡k hvB|

mevB wg‡j avbgwÛ ewÎ‡k e½eÜy fe‡b hvIqv n‡jv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv e½eÜy fe‡bi †M‡Ui evB‡i iv Ívq cvqPvwi Ki‡Z jvM‡jb Avi XvKvi

†gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di A‡cÿv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| wgwbU we‡kK c‡iB

evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKv jvMv‡bv wRc Mvwo‡Z K‡i XvKv wmwU Ki‡cv‡ik‡bi

149 150

†gqi nvwbd ewÎ‡k e½eÜy fe‡bi mvg‡b G‡m †cŠuQvj| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv GwM‡q wM‡q wbR nv‡Z †gqi nvwb‡di wR‡ci ìRv Lyj‡jb, Avi ej‡Z

jvM‡jb, GB †h AvMvgx w`‡bi GjwRAviwW wgwb÷vi| GjwRAviwW wgwbw÷ª

Qvov wK XvKvi †gqi Pj‡Z cv‡i? GjwRAviwW wgwbw÷ª †Zv Avcbvi| AvcwbB

†Zv GjwRAviwW wgwb÷vi| GB K_v ej‡Z ej‡Z e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

†gqi nvwbd‡K wRc Mvwo †_‡K bvwg‡q G‡b Dcw ’Z mK‡ji mv‡_ †gqi

nvwbd‡K †`wL‡q GB †h AvMvgx w`‡bi GjwRAviwW wgwb÷vi e‡j cwiPq

Kwi‡q w`‡jb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi gy‡L GB K_v ï‡b †gqi †gvnv¤§`

nvwbd Lywk‡Z WMgM WMgM n‡q ejj, †bÎx hv e‡jb, †bÎx hv e‡jb|

bvqK, gš¿x I RbZvi gÂ

Zvic †gqi nvwbd‡K e½eÜy fe‡bi Awdm K‡ÿ G‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv ej‡jb, GB wgwó Av‡bv, wgwó Av‡bv, nvwbd fvB‡K wgwó LvIqvI|

wgwó †L‡Z †L‡Z e½eÜy Kb¨v ej‡jb, e½eÜy wQ‡jb gnvbvqK, Avi Avcwb

n‡jb bvqK| bvqK bv n‡j wK P‡j ? mviv †`k, mvov RvwZ GLb ZvwK‡q Av‡Q

bvq‡Ki w`‡K| gv‡b Avcbvi w`‡K| bMievwm ZvwK‡q Av‡Q Avcbvi w`‡K|

Avwg GB ch©šÍ G‡b w`‡qwQ, GLb Avcwb wdwbwks †`b| GLb Avcbvi cvjv|

Avcwb bvqK, Avcbvi nv‡ZB me| Avgvi nv‡Z Avi wKQy †bB| Avgvi hv wQj

me Avwg K‡iwQ| Avcwb †gqi AvcwbB bvqK, GLb Avcwb wdwbwks †Mvj

K‡ib| Avcwb Qvov wdwbwks n‡e bv| Avcbvi nv‡ZB wdwbwks n‡e e‡jB †Ljv

GL‡bv evwK Av‡Q|

AvcbvivB †Zv e½eÜy‡K †kL gywRe †_‡K e½eÜy evwb‡q‡Qb| Avcbviv

hw` †mw`b Avgvi wcZv‡K AvkÖq bv w`‡Zb, mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv bv Ki‡Zb

Zvn‡j wK Avgvi wcZv †kL gywRe †_‡K RvwZi wcZv n‡Z cvi‡Zb? GB

Avcbviv XvKvi gvby‡liv evwb‡q‡Qb| AvR Avwg Zvi †g‡q, Avgv‡K hw` mvnvh¨

bv K‡ib Avwg wK K‡i eo ne? Avgvi fvB‡qiv †KD †eu‡P †bB| AvcwbB

Avgvi fvB| Avwg Avcbvi †evb| Avgv‡K Avcwb mn‡hvwMZv K‡ib| Avwg

KL‡bvB Avcbvi K_v fyje bv| Avcbv‡K Qvov Pje bv|

XvKvi †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd ejj, nu¨v †bÎx, Avgv‡K GK gvm mgq †`b,

Avwg Lv‡j`v wRqv‡K †d‡j wè|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, bv, bv GKgvm mgq †`qv hv‡e bv|

Avcwb c‡bi w`‡bi g‡a¨B †d‡j †`b|

GB êV‡KB wVK n‡jv †cÖmK¬v‡ei mvg‡b ’vqx gÂ ˆZwi K‡i GLvb †_‡KB

hZÿY †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi cZb bv nq, w`b-ivZ 24 N›Uv ¯’vqxfv‡e Av‡›`vjb

Pvwj‡q hvIqvi| cieZx© mg‡q bvU¨wkíx I wUwfi Lei cvVK iv‡g› ª gRyg`vi

I bvU¨wkíx wchyl e‡›`vcva¨vq GB g‡Âi bvg †`b RbZvi gÂ|

†cÖmK¬v‡ei mvg‡bi Ges mwPevj‡qi DË‡ii †ZvcLvbv †iv‡Wi c~e© †_‡K

cwðg ch©šÍ A_©vr cë‡bi †gvo †_‡K nvB‡KvU© ch©šÍ iv¯Ív m¤ú~Y© eÜ K‡i

iv¯Ívi gvSLv‡b wekvj gÂ ˆZwi K‡i cÖwZw`b Pj‡Z _vKj Mvb-evRbv, e³„Zv,

Ave„wË BZ¨vw`| GK ch©v‡q GB g‡Â G‡m †hvM w`‡jv mwPevj‡qi wKQy msL¨K

Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvwi| G meB Pj‡Z jvMj XvKvi †gqi e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi fvlvq bvqK I AvMvgx w`‡bi GjwRAviwW gš¿x †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di

†bZ„‡Z¡|

AvR wcKwbK

Gw`‡K AvšÍR©vwZK `vZv †`kmg~‡ni Pv‡c we‡kl K‡i gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi

Pv‡c †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii Aax‡b bZyb wbe©vPb †`qvi j‡ÿ¨

msweavb ms‡kvab Kivi Rb¨ 15B †deªyqvwii cÖwZØw›ØZvwenxb wbe©vP‡b msweavb

m¤§Zfv‡e wbe©vwPZ msm` m`m¨‡ì wb‡q GKw`‡bi Rb¨ mßg RvZxq msm`

Awa‡ekb WvK‡jb| 25 gvP©, 1996 mKvj 10:00 Uvq GKw`‡bi Rb¨ †eMg

Lv‡j`v wRqvi †bZ„‡Z¡ msweavb m¤§Zfv‡e mßg RvZxq msm` Awa‡ekb emj|

GB mßg RvZxq msm` ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii Aax‡b bZyb wbe©vPb †`qvi Rb¨

msweavb ms‡kvab Kivi Rb¨ e‡m‡Q| mKvj 10:00 Uvq †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv

msm` Awa‡ek‡b †hvM †`b| Mfxi iv‡Z †kl Lei cvIqv ch©šÍ †eMg Lv‡j`v

wRqv msm` Awa‡ekbB wQ‡jb|

Zvici w`b 26†k gvP© m¦vaxbZv wèm| mKvj †cŠ‡b mvZUvq avbgwÛ 5

b¤¦i †_‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv mvfvi RvZxq m¥„wZ‡mŠ‡a cy®ú¯ÍeK Ac©‡Yi

Rb¨ iIbv n‡jb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv (†eZbf~³ e¨vM enbKvix ivg

†gvnb `vm–Gi bv‡g †iwRw÷ª Kiv) Zvi jvj iO‡qi wbkvb †cUªj wR‡c K‡i

RvZxq m¥„wZ‡mŠ‡a hvIqvi mgq Lywk‡Z e¨vKzj n‡q ej‡Z jvM‡jb, †Mvjvcx

(Lv‡j`v wRqv) GL‡bv msm‡` e‡m i‡q‡Q| †ewU (Lv‡j`v wRqv) msm‡` GLb

†Zvi Kvg wK †h ZyB GL‡bv msm‡` e‡m iBwj ?

mdim½x GKRb ejj, iƒc †`Lv‡Z e‡m i‡q‡Q|

151 152

e½eÜy Kb¨v ej‡jb, MZKvj mKvj †_‡K mvivw`b mvivivZ msm‡` e‡m

iƒc †`wL‡qI wK †Mvjvwci (Lv‡j`v wRqv) civb f‡i bvB †h, AvR mKvj

ch©šÍI iƒc †`Lv‡Z msm‡` e‡m i‡q‡Q| msm‡` †Mvjvwci GZÿY wK Kvg?

msweav‡b ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii Aax‡b wbe©vP‡bi ms‡kv‡avb Avb‡Z Avevi 24

N›Uv mgq jv‡M bvwK †h †Mvjvcx GL‡bv msm‡` e‡m i‡q‡Q?

RvZxq m¥„wZ‡mŠ‡a wM‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Av‡i †Mvjvwc

(cÖavbgš¿x Lv‡j`v wRqv) †h GL‡bv Av‡m bvB, AvR AvwgB cÖ_g gvjv †`‡ev|

m¥„wZ‡mŠ‡a cy®ú ÍeK †`qvi ci XvKvi w`‡K bv G‡m e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

mvfvi †_‡K Kvwjqv‰Ki MvRxcy‡ii iv¯Ív a‡i †h‡Z _vK‡jb| MYKevwoi

KvQvKvwQ wM‡q weivU eo GjvKv Ry‡o KuvUvZv‡ii †eov w`‡q †Niv GKwU

RvqMvq XyK‡jb e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv| †ek wKQy Mv‡Qi gv‡S †QvU GKwU

evs‡jv UvB‡ci Ni| GB N‡iB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv em‡jb Ges ej‡jb,

GB Mvwo †_‡K weivbx bvgvI, AvR wcKwbK| AvR mvivw`b GLv‡bB KvUve|

AvR wcKwbK|

cyivZb XvKvi KvRx AvjvDwÏb †iv‡Wi nvRxi weivbxi †`vKv‡b weivwbi

AW©vi MZ iv‡ZB †`qv wQj| XvKv †_‡K m¥„wZ‡mŠ‡a iIqvbv nIqvi Av‡M

gvB‡µvev‡m K‡i weivbx, †cøU, Møvm BZ¨vw` wb‡q Avmv n‡q‡Q| e½eÜy Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbvi wb‡ ©‡k gvB‡µvevm †_‡K Zv bvgv‡bv n‡jv| LvIqv n‡jv| cÖPÐ

nvmvnvwm n‡jv| †Mvjvwc (Lv‡j`v wRqv) GLv‡bv cvj©v‡g‡›U e‡m i‡q‡Q|

mvivw`b mvivivZ †Mvjvwc cvj©v‡g‡›U e‡m e‡m iƒc †`wL‡q‡Q BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw`|

†kL nvwmbv †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi gy‡LvgywL êVK

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi †bZ„‡Z¡, mßg msm` GKw`‡bi Awa‡ek‡b wgwjZ

n‡q, msweavb ms‡kvab K‡i, ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii Aax‡b wbe©vP‡bi weavb

K‡i, mßg msm` wejyß ev evwZj †NvlYv Ges AvMvgx 12B Ryb, 1998 Aóg

RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb Gi ZvwiL †NvlYv Kij Ges mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i mv‡eK cÖavb

wePvicwZ †gvnv¤§` nvweeyi ingvb‡K cÖavb K‡i ZË¡veavqK miKvi MVb Kiv

n‡jv|

mv‡eK †mbvevwnbx cÖavb (Gikv` Avg‡ji) AemicÖvß †jd‡Ub¨v›U

†Rbv‡ij b~iæwÏb Lvb (eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbvi gš¿x) Ges AemicÖvß †gRi

†Rbv‡ij mvjvg (eZ©gv‡b AvIqvgx jxM Ggwc I †iW wµ‡m›U †Pqvig¨vb) Gi

gva¨‡g e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U

†Rbv‡ij Avey mv‡jn †gvnv¤§` bvwmg (exi weµg) Gi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi cÖ Íve

cvVvb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi H cÖ Ív‡ei cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z bvU¨wkíx jyrdzi

bvnvi jZv (eZ©gv‡b Av‡gwiKv cÖevmx) I Zvi m¦vgx AemicÖvß †gRi bvwmi

†mbv cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi mv‡_ †kL nvwmbvi êV‡Ki Av‡qvRb K‡i|

bvU¨wkíx jZv I Zvi m¦vgx †gRi (Aet) bvwmi ebvbxi Kzjmyg wfjv, 117

ebvbx, eøK–B, †ivW–4 Gi Qvqv‡Niv wmivwg‡Ki 4 Zjv fe‡bi 3q Zjvi

evmvq †kL nvwmbv Ges †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi gy‡LvgywL êVK

AbywôZ nq| GB êV‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvMvgx 12B Ry‡bi wbe©vP‡b

†mbv cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg Ges Zvi ˆmwbK‡ì mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv K‡ib| Rev‡e

†mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg †kL nvwmbv‡K mvwe©K mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZvi c~Y©

Avk¦vm wb‡q e‡jb, Avcwb (†kL nvwmbv) PvB‡j GLb †_‡K †mbvevwnbx Avcbvi

wb‡ ©‡kB Pj‡e|

Gi Rev‡e e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, GUv hw` mwZ¨ nq Z‡e

fwel¨‡Z AvwgI Avcbvi wb‡ ©‡kB Pje|

GB êV‡Ki ci †_‡K †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij Avey mv‡jn

†gvnv¤§` bvwmg (exi weµg) e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi civgk© I wb‡ ©‡kB

†mbvevwnbx cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb|

wn›`yiv †bŠKvq †fvU †`q

1996–Gi 12B Ry‡bi wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK

`j cÖv_x© g‡bvbqb w`‡jv| AvIqvgxjxMI g‡bvbqb w`‡jv| †MvcvjM‡Äi wZbwU

Avmb I ev‡Minv‡Ui ywU Avm‡bi †gvU †fvUv‡ii cÖvq cqlwÆ kZvsk †fvUvi

wn› y m¤cÖ`vq nIqvq m¦vfvweK Kvi‡YB GB cuvPwU Avm‡b AvIqvgx jxM–Gi

†bŠKv gvK©v cÖv_x© Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `‡ji Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvK©vi cÖv_x©i wbe©vP‡b

weRqx nIqvi †Kv‡bv m¤¢vebv †bB Ges †Kv‡bvKv‡jB weRqx nqwb Ges n‡eI

bv| (1) †gvK‡m`cyi I Kvwkqvbx, (2) †MvcvjMÄ I Kvwkqvbx (3) Uyw½cvov I

†KvUvwjcvov (4) †gvjøvi nvU I dwK‡ii nvU (5) eBVvNvUv I `v‡Kvc GB 5wU

(cuvP) Avm‡b hZw`b ch©šÍ cuuqlwÆ kZvsk wn› y m¤cÖ`vq _vK‡e ZZw`b ch©šÍ

AvIqvgx jxM cÖv_x© †bŠKv gvK©vq GK‡PwUqvfv‡e weRqx n‡Z _vK‡e| GB cuvPwU

Avm‡bi cÖv_x©‡ì GjvKvq †Kv‡bv KvR Ki‡Z nq bv| †h †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡iB †nvK

153 154

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bŠKv gvK©vi wUwKU wb‡jB †m †h

†KDB †nvK 75% †fv‡U weRqx n‡e| GB 5wU Avmb‡K ejv nq wfÿvi Avmb|

e½eÜz Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv `qv K‡i hv‡K GB AÂ‡ji Avmb wfÿv †`‡eb, wZwbB

GB AÂ‡ji RbcÖwZwbwa ev RvZxq msm` m`m¨| A_v©r Ggwc| GB AÂ‡ji

†jLvcov cÖvq ARvbv GKRb cÖexY e„× wn› y †jvK‡K †Kb AvIqvgx jxM‡K

†fvU †`b Rvb‡Z PvB‡j, H cÖexY e„× wn› y †jvKwU e‡jb, Avgiv AvIqvgx jxM

wUM eywS bv| AvIqvgx jxM‡K †fvUI †`B bv| Avgiv †fvU †`B †bŠKvq| A_©vr

†bŠKv gvK©vq †fvU †`B|

†bŠKv gvK©vq †Kb †fvU †`b Rvb‡Z PvB‡j wZwb e‡jb, †bŠKvq †fvU wè

bv? †bŠKv †h †èxi evnb| gv ~M©v †èx GB evn‡b (†bŠKv) P‡oB m¦M© †_‡K

aivq G‡mwQ‡jb Amyi (cvwcô) †K `gb Kivi Rb¨| Avi Avgiv hw` gv ~M©vi

evnb †bŠKvq †fvU bv †`B, ZvB‡j †èxi evn‡bi Agh©v`v n‡e| gv ~M©v

Awfm¤úvZ w`‡e| GB Rb¨ †`‡Lb bv, †fv‡Ui mgq Avgiv mK‡jB wMqv gv ~M©v

†èx‡K Lywk Kivi Rb¨ gv ~M©v gv ~M©v e‡j †bŠKv gvK©vq †fvU w`‡q Avwm|

GKRbI ev` hvB bv| mK‡jB wMqv †bŠKv gvK©vq †fvU bv w`‡j gv ~M©v Amš‘ó

n‡e| Avgv‡ì Ag½j n‡e| ZvB hZ KvRKvg _vKzK, hZ Sv‡gjvB _vKzK,

†Kvb iK‡g ïay †fvU †K‡› ª †h‡Z cvi‡jB n‡jv| Avgvi mK‡jB wMqv †bŠKv

gvK©vq †fvU w`‡q Avme|

ivRvKv‡ii Kv‡Q Avmb wewµ

GB AÂ‡ji 5wU Avm‡bi 3wU Avm‡b uvov‡jb e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

m¦qs| Avi 1wU Avm‡b †kL nvwmbvi dzdv‡Zv fvB †kL †mwjg Ges

†gvK‡k`cyi–Kvwkqvbxi Aci AvmbwU‡Z e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv eûevi K_v

w`‡q‡Qb| wb‡Ri †_‡KB †h‡P c‡o K_v w`‡q‡Qb|

gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uy‡K bvbv ai‡bi KvR w`‡q‡Q, Avi KvR †k‡l cÖwZeviB

e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgv‡KB Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) †gvK‡k`cyi–Kvwkqvbxi Ggwc evbve|

wKš‘ bv, e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv K_v ivL‡jb bv| Iqv`v ivL‡jb bv|

K_v w`‡qI wZwb (e½eÜy Kb¨v) K_v iÿv Ki‡jb bv| Iqv`v K‡i Iqv`vi

ei‡Ljvc Ki‡jb| Iqv`v f½ Ki‡jb| hwÌ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e³„Zvq

AmsLëvi †eMg wRqvi D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡j‡Qb, Iqv`v f½Kvix‡K Avjøvn cQ›` K‡i

bv| ïay gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uy †Kb? e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv g‡bvbqb w`‡jb bv,

mv‡eb QvÎ‡bZv, Z¨vMx Ges mr †bZv BmgZ Kvwì Mvgv, Aveyj nvmvb, gyKzj

†evm G‡ì KvD‡KB wZwb †gvK‡k`cyi–Kvwkqvbx †_‡K g‡bvbqb w`‡jb bv|

wZwb g‡bvbqb w`‡jb Ggb GKRb‡K hvi weiæ‡× mk¯¿ ivRvKvixi Awf‡hvM

Av‡Q| Kw_Z Av‡Q, †jd‡Ub¨v›U K‡b©j dviæK 1971 mv‡j Avgv‡ì gnvb

gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxi †hvMmvR‡k mk ¿ ivRvKvi n‡qwQj|

Zv‡ì evwo‡Z ivRvKv‡ii K¨v¤ú evwb‡qwQj Ges H AÂ‡j cvwK¯Ívb

†mbvevwnbx wb‡q A‡bK evwoNi R¡vwj‡qwQj| wZwb (†jt K‡b©j dviæK) cÖL¨vZ

gymjxg jxM †bZv mvjvg Lv‡bi ~i m¤ú‡K©i fvwZRv| evsjv‡`k m¦vaxb nIqvi

ci wZwb ivRvKvixi Awf‡hv‡M evoxNi †Q‡o cvwj‡q hvb| cieZx© †Kv‡bv GK

mg‡q m¤¢eZ 1972–73 mv‡j h‡kvi †_‡K evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbx‡Z fwZ© nb|

20/25 eQi †mbvevwnbx‡Z PvKwi K‡i †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡ì mv‡_ jvBb K‡i

mvcøvB †Kv‡i †cvw÷s wb‡q cÖPyi UvKv cqmv Kvgvb| gwZqyi ingvb †i›Uy, BmgZ

Kvwì Mvgv, Aveyj nvmvb, gyKzj †evm Giv mK‡jB gyw³‡hv×v| GB gyw³‡hv×v I

Z¨vMx †bZv‡ì ev` w`‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †gvK‡k`cyi–Kvwkqvbx †_‡K

g‡bvbqb w`‡jb Õ71–Gi ivRvKvi GjwcAvi–G Avmv †jt K‡b©j dviæK

Lvb‡K| wKš‘ †Kb? †mbvevwnbx‡Z PvKwiiZ Ae ’vq Amr c‡_ DcvwR©Z A_©

†_‡K †jt K‡b©j dviæK Lvb e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K GK †KvwU UvKv †`b

Ges GB bM` GK †KvwU UvKvi wewbg‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †gvK‡k`cyi–

Kvwkqvbx AvmbwU GjwcAvi–G Avmv †jt K‡b©j ivRvKvi dviæK Lv‡bi Kv‡Q

wewµ K‡ib|

wn›`yivB Avgvi ej-fimv

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †hw`b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi g‡bvbqb †NvlYv Ki‡jb,

†mw`b wZwb wb‡R †gvU 4wU Avmb †_‡K wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZvi †NvlYv †`b|

†MvcvjM‡Äi 1wU, ev‡Minv‡Ui 2wU Ges XvKvi †Wgiv †_‡K 1wU| GB †gvU 4wU

Avmb †_‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wb‡R wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv Kivi †NvlYv

†`b| wKš‘ †Nvlbv †`qvi c‡ii w`bB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv XvKvi †Wgiv

Avmb †_‡K Zvi cÖvw_©Zv cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡j, XvKvi †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di

†bZ„‡Z¡ K‡qKRb †bZv e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K Aby‡iva K‡i

e‡jb, Avcwb †MvcvjMÄ Avi ev‡Minv‡Ui (Uyw½cvov gaygwZ b`xi Acicvo)

3wU Avmb †_‡K uvov‡jb A_P XvKvi GKwU Avmb †_‡KI wbe©vP‡b uvov‡jb

bv| 5wU Avmb †_‡K †Zv Avcwb uvov‡Z cv‡ibB| Lv‡j`v wRqv 5wU Avmb

155 156

†_‡K uvwo‡q‡Q; AvcwbI 5wU Avmb †_‡K uvovb| Avcwb Avgv‡ì †bÎx,

Avcwb AšÍZ XvKvi 2wU Avmb †_‡K wbe©vP‡b uvovb|

Rev‡e e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, †MvcvjM‡Ä Avi

ev‡Minv‡U †Zv 70% (mËi kZvsk) wn› y Av‡Q; XvKvi KZ cv‡m©›U wn› y Av‡Q?

wn› yiv Qvov gymjgvbiv Avgv‡K †fvU †`q bv| gymjgvbiv †eCgvb I AK…ZÁ|

wn› yiv Cgvb`vi I K…ZÁ| Avwg wn› y‡ì Dci fimv Ki‡Z cvwi, wek¦vm ivL‡Z

cvwi| wKš‘ gymjgvb‡ì wek¦vm Kiv hvq bv| fimv Kiv hvq bv| GB Rb¨B †Zv

Avwg mËi kZvsk wn› y‡ì AÂj †MvcvjMÄ Avi ev‡MinvU †_‡K 3 (wZbwU)

Avm‡b uvwo‡qwQ| wKšÍ XvKv †_‡K 1wU (GK) Avm‡bI uvovBwb| hv-I †Wgiv

†_‡K uvwo‡qwQjvg †LuvR-Lei wb‡q †`Ljvg, †Wgivq †Zgb wn› y bvB, ZvB

cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡qwQ| XvKvi †gqi nvwbd ej‡jb, GUv Avcbvi fyj aviYv|

gymjgv‡biv †fvU bv w`‡j Avcbvi Ab¨vb¨ cÖv_x©iv wR‡Z Kxfv‡e?

e½eÜy Kb¨v ej‡jb, gyjZt wn› y‡ì e¨vsK †fvUUv cyivUv hvq, evwK

AvZ¥xq-m¦Rb wbRm¦ †jvK-j¯‹i w`‡q ¸wZ‡q-MvwZ‡q †Kvb iK‡g †ewi‡q Av‡m|

wn› yiv bv _vK‡j Avwg, Avgvi `j 1wU (GK) Avm‡bI wRZ‡Z cviZvg bv|

wn› yiv hv‡Z wbivc‡` wbwe©‡Nœ †fvU w`‡Z cv‡i GB Rb¨B †Zv Avwg GZ

Av‡›`vjb-msMÖvg K‡i ZË¡veavqK miKvi Av`vq K‡iwQ| wn› yivB Avgvi ej|

wn› yivB Avgvi fimv|

wbe©vPbx cÖPv‡ii KvR ªæZ GwM‡q Pj‡Q| mviv †`k †cv÷vi, cø¨vKvW©,

†d÷yb, e¨vbv‡i Ges †`qvj wjL‡b †Q‡q †M‡Q| †Kv_vI GZUyKz Lvwj RvqMv

†bB| cÖwZw`b-cÖwZivZ Pj‡Q wgwUs Avi wgwQj|

ˆmb¨ bvgv‡bvi wb‡`©k w`‡q P¤úU

1996 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi †kl mßv‡n bvU¨wkíx jyrdi bvnvi jZvi

gva¨‡g †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi Kv‡Q

msev` cvVv‡jb †h, 25 gvP©, 1996 mßg cvj©v‡g›U 24 N›UviI †ewk weiwZnxb

Awa‡ek‡b msweavb Gi †h ms‡kv‡avbx Avbv n‡q‡Q, Zv‡Z ivóªcwZi nv‡Z

†mbvevwnbxi mKj KZ©„Z¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr ms‡kvwaZ msweavb Abyhvqx

†mbvevwnbxi mKj KZ©„Z¡ weGbwcÕi eZ©gvb ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb wek¦vm‡K

†`qv n‡q‡Q| ZË¡veavqK miKvi cÖavb wePvicwZ †gvnv¤§` nvweeyi ingv‡bi

Kv‡Q Ges †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi Kv‡Q †mbvevwnbxi †Kv‡bv

KZ©„Z¡B †bB| GB msev` †kvbvi ci e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, I, GB

Rb¨B Lv‡j`v wRqv w`b-ivZ cvj©v‡g‡›U e‡mwQj| Lv‡j`v wRqv 24 N›UviI

†ewk mgq a‡i msm` Awa‡ek‡b e‡m †_‡K GB KzKxwZ©B K‡i‡Q| Avwg †Zv

Av‡M eywSwb, Av‡M wPšÍv Kwiwb|

Gici e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv D‡ËwRZ n‡q e‡jb, wK‡mi msweavb?

wK‡mi ms‡kvabx? Avwg hv eje †Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K ZvB Ki‡Z n‡e| †Rbv‡ij

bvwmg Avgv‡K K_v w`‡q‡Q, Avwg hv eje, Avwg †h wb‡ ©k †`‡ev bvwmg

†mfv‡eB †mbvevwnbx Pvjv‡e| jZv (jyrdi bvnvi jZv) Zywg hvI, †mbvevwnbx

cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K e‡jv Avwg †hfv‡e eje, hv eje †m †hb †mfv‡eB Zv

K‡i| evwK me `vq-`vwqZ¡ Avgvi, AvwgB eySe| msweavb Abyhvqx †mbvevwnbxi

cy‡iv KZ©„Z¡ I `vq-`vwqZ¡ ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb wek¦v‡mi| wKš‘ †mbevwnbx

cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg (exi weµg) cÖwZw`b cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi wb‡ ©‡k †mbvevwnbx cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| ˆØZ wb‡ ©kbvi Kvi‡Y

†fZ‡i †fZ‡i †mbvevwnbx‡Z msKU m„wó n‡jv| ivóªcwZ ingvb wek¦vm †mbv

Kg©KZ©v‡ì †Kv‡bv wb‡ ©k w`‡j, †mbvcÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi wb‡ ©‡k Zvi wecixZ wb‡ ©k w`‡Z jvM‡jb| GgbwK ivóªcwZ ingvb

wek¦vm †Kv‡bv †mbv Kg©KZ©v‡K e`wji wb‡ ©k w`‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi

wb‡ ©‡k †Rbv‡ij bvwmg cvëv e`wji wb‡ ©k w`‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jb| †mbvevwnbxi

†fZiKvi msKU Av‡iv Nwbf~Z n‡q msNv‡Zi w`‡K †h‡Z jvMj| GB

cwiw ’wZ‡Z ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb wek¦vm 18B †g, 1896 e¸ov †mbvwbev‡mi

(K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui) wRIwm †gRi †Rbv‡ij †Mvjvg †njvj †gvi‡k` Lvb

wewewcGmwm Ges wewWAvi Gi Dc-cwiPvjK we‡MÖwWqvi wgiY nvwg yi ingvb‡K

AKvjxb (eva¨Zvg~jK) Aemi `vb K‡ib| (GB Aemi †bqv DaŸ©Zb †mbv

Kg©KZ©v‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb †kL nvwmbvi PvPv‡Zv fvB †kL †njvj Gi AvZ¥xq)

cvëv eë ’v wn‡m‡e e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv 4 Rb DaŸ©Zb †mbv Kg©KZ©v‡K

Aemi †`qvi wb‡ ©k w`‡j †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg (†kL nvwmbvi

wb‡ ©k g‡Zv) †gRi †Rbv‡ij †gvnv¤§` Avãyj gwZb, †gRi †Rbv‡ij mywe`

Avjx f~Bqv, we‡MÖwWqvi Avãyi iwng I K‡b©j Avãym mvjvg GB 4Rb DaŸ©Zb

†mbv Kg©KZ©v‡K Aem‡ii wb‡`©k †`b| d‡j msNvZ Pig AvKvi aviY K‡i

mk ¿ evwnbx P¨v‡jÄ cvëv P¨v‡j‡Ä P‡j †M‡jv| mvsweavwbKfv‡e †mbvewnbxi

c~Y© KZ©„‡Z¡i AwaKvix ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb wek¦vm, †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij

bvwmg‡K Aemi `v‡bi wm×všÍ wb‡j, 19†k †g, 1996 e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

†Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K Zvi (bvwm‡gi) mg_©‡b mviv †`k †_‡K XvKvq †mbvevwnbx

gvP© Kiv‡bv (wb‡q Avmvi) wb‡ ©k †`qvi Rb¨ wb‡ ©k †`b| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

157 158

nvwmbvi GB wb‡ ©k cvIqvi ci †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij Avey

mv‡jn †gvnv¤§` bvwmg 19†k †g wèvMZ ivZ 02:00 Uvi ci (Nwoi KvUv

Abyhvqx 20†k †g ivZ ivZ 02:00 Uv) XvKvi evB‡i mg Í †mbv BDwbU‡K Zvi

mg_©‡b XvKvq gvP© (P‡j Avmvi) Kivi wb‡ ©k †`b|

Gi K‡qK N›Uv c‡i 20†k †g mKvj 08:00 Uvq †emiKvwi wegvb G¨v‡iv

†e½‡j K‡i e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K

AewnZ bv K‡i Pywcmv‡i K·evRv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ XvKv Z¨vM K‡ib| Gw`‡K

†mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi wb‡ ©k †c‡q e¸ov, iscyi, h‡kvi,

gqgbwmsn cÖf„wZ K¨v›Ub‡g›U †_‡K †mbvevwnbx XvKvi w`‡K iIbv nq|

†mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg Gi wb‡ ©k Ges mg_©‡b XvKvi evwn‡i †_‡K

Avmv ˆmwbK‡ì g~j †bZ„‡Z¡ †`b gqgbwmsn we‡MÖW KgvÛvi weª‡MwWqvi wRjøyi

ingvb Ges e¸ov we‡MÖW KgvÛvi weª‡MwWqvi kwd †gn&eye| GB cwiw ’wZ‡Z

ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb wek¦vm †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K eiLv Í K‡i

wmwRGm (wPd Ae †Rbv‡ij ÷vd) †gRi †Rbv‡ij gvneyeyi ingvb‡K

†jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij c‡`vbœwZ w`‡q bZyb †mbvevwnbx cÖavb c‡` wb‡qvM †`b|

wKš‘ †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij Avey mv‡jn †gvnv¤§` bvwmg Zvi eiLv‡ Í Av‡`k

Ges bZyb †mbvevwnbx cÖavb c‡` †Rbv‡ij gvn&eyeyi ingvb Gi wb‡qvM cÖZ¨vLvb

K‡i wb‡R‡KB †mbvevwnbx cÖavb `vwe Ki‡Z _v‡Kb Ges cieZx© wb‡ ©‡ki Rb¨

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ evi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi e¨_© †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb|

Iw`‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi eZ©gvb Ggwc I †kL

cwiev‡ii eëmvwqK cvU©bvi Wvt BKev‡ji G¨v‡iv †e½‡j K‡i K·evRvi †cŠu‡Q

K·evRv‡ii Avcvi mvwK©U (cvnv‡oi Dc‡i †h mvwK©U nvDm) nvD‡R e‡m

mvM‡ii cv‡b ZvwK‡q mvM‡ii †XD †`L‡Qb| Avi Pv LvIqvi mv‡_ gv‡S gv‡S

GKUy K‡i †dbwmwWj Lv‡”Qb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Aek¨ Av‡M KL‡bv †dbwmwWj †L‡Zb bv| 1991

mv‡j wbe©vP‡b †n‡i wM‡q we‡ivax `‡ji †bÎx wn‡m‡e 29 b¤¦i wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi

miKvwi evmvq IVvi ci †_‡KB mw ©-Kvwk †j‡MB _vKZ, Nyg n‡Zv bv| bvK

w`‡q me mgq cvwb SiZ| gv_v e¨v_v KiZ, †Ubk‡b Nyg n‡Zv bv| we‡kl K‡i

e³„Zv †`qvi mgq Mjv †f‡½ †hZ| e³„Zv †`qvi mgq Mjv e‡m hvIqv wQj me

†P‡q eo Amyweav| Wvt Gm, G gv‡jK (eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

ivR‰bwZK Dc‡`óv) A‡bK †nvwgIc¨vw_ Jla LvB‡q‡Qb| Wvt Gm, G

gv‡j‡Ki KvQ †_‡K kZ kZ wkwk †nvwgIc¨vw_ Jla †L‡qI †Kvb dj nw”Qj

bv| Rb‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv fv‡jv nw”Q‡jb bv| Wvt gv‡jK GB mKj

Jl‡ai Rb¨ †Kv‡bv cqmv wb‡Zb bv, hw` cqmv wb‡Zb Zvn‡j wbwðZ ejv †hZ

cqmv †bqvi Rb¨B Wvt gv‡jK Ah_v †bÎx‡K Hme Jla LvIqv‡”Qb| Wvt

gv‡j‡Ki †nvwgIc¨vw_ Jl‡ai mv‡_ PjZ Zyjwm cvZvi im, †Rwôgay| wKš‘

†Kv‡bv wKQy‡ZB wKQy nw”Qj bv| Ae‡k‡l GKw`b Wvt Gm, G gv‡jK GK

†evZj fviZxq †dbwmwWj wb‡q G‡jb Ges e½eÜy Kb¨v‡K ej‡jb, †bÎx 2

PvgyP K‡i w`‡b 3 evi GB Jla Lvb, †`L‡eb mw © P‡j hv‡e, LykLywk Kvk P‡j

hv‡e, Mjv fv½‡e bv, gv_v aiv P‡j hv‡e| iv‡Z fv‡jv Nyg n‡e|

GKRb ejj, nvq nvq GUv †Zv †dbwmwWj, Avcv GUv †L‡q gvbyl †bkv

K‡i| gv‡jK fvB GUv Avcwb wK Avb‡jb ?

Wvt Gm, G gv‡jK ej‡jb, iv‡Lv †Zvgv‡ì K_vevZ©v| †bÎx GB Jla

Avgv‡ì †`‡k wQj| Avgiv KZ †cÖmµvBe K‡iwQ| GUv LyeB Kvh©Kwi Ges

fv‡jv Jla| Gikv` Avg‡j ïay ïay GB JlaUv e¨vÛ (wbwl×) K‡i‡Q| †bÎx

Avcwb †L‡q †`‡Lb, hw` Avcbvi Amyweav ~i bv n‡q‡Q, Z‡e Avgv‡K ej‡eb|

GUv 1992 mv‡ji cÖ_g w`‡K K_v| Gici †_‡K 2 PvgP K‡i w`‡b 3 evi,

Avi †hw`b wgwUs _v‡K, Rbmfv _v‡K, e³„Zv _v‡K †mw`b 5/6 PvgP K‡i w`‡b

3/4 evi GgbwK Pv‡qi wjKv‡ii mv‡_ wgwk‡q Rbmfv g‡Â wb‡q Mjv wVK

ivLvi Rb¨ e³„Zvi AvMgyn~Z© ch©šÍ| j¤¦v e³„Zv n‡j e³„Zvi gv‡SI e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †dbwmwWj †L‡Z jvM‡jb|

Gfv‡e eQi yB/wZb †bÎx wbqwgZ cÖwZw`b †dbwmwWj †L‡jb| cieZx©

ch©v‡q wZwb Avi †dbwmwWj Qvo‡Z cvi‡jb bv| hLbB wZwb †dbwmwWj

†Q‡o‡Qb ZLbB cyi‡bv †mB †ivM-e¨vwa, mw ©, Mjv LykLyk, e³„Zvi mgq Mjv

†f‡½ hvIqv, Nyg bv nIqv BZ¨vw` Avevi †c‡q e‡m| ZvB Wvt Gm, G gv‡jK

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K wbqwgZ †dbwmwWj w`‡Z _vK‡jb Avi †bÎxI †L‡Z

_vK‡jb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Kivi Rb¨ wR‡Ám Kiv n‡jv,

Avcv XvKvi Lei wK?

†bÎx Kvwe¨K my‡i ej‡jb, †KD Kv‡iv bvwn Qv‡o mgv‡b mgvb|

Zvici ej‡jb, w`‡q G‡mwQ jvwM‡q hv nq †nvK| AvR †bÎxi A‡bK¸‡jv

c_mfv Av‡Q| c_mfv gv‡b iv¯Ívi av‡i Rbmfv| †bÎxi AvR A‡bK e³„Zv

Ki‡Z n‡e| Mjv Mig ivL‡Z n‡e| Mjv e‡m †M‡j ev †f‡½ e³„Zv Pj‡e bv|

Avevi Iw`‡K XvKvi cwiw¯’wZ Mig| ZvB AvR GKUy †evk †dbwmwWj †L‡Z

n‡”Q| †ejv 11Uvq K·evRvi Gi Rbmfv ïiæ n‡jv| Gi g‡a¨ XvKvi

cwiw ’wZi ¸iæZi AebwZi NUbvi msev` G‡jv| ivóªcwZ ingvb wek¦vm Ges

159 160

†Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi GB msNv‡Z XvKv K¨v‡›Ub‡g›U Kvi wbqš¿‡Y GUv eySv hv‡”Q

bv| Z‡e mvfvi I MvRxcyi K¨v‡›Ub‡g›U †h ivóªcwZ ingvb wek¦v‡mi c‡ÿ GUv

†evSv †Mj GB Kvi‡YB †h, †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi wb‡ ©‡k XvKv Awfgy‡L Avmv

h‡kvi, iscyi, e¸ov Ges gqgbwmsn K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui ˆmwbK‡ì cÖwZ‡iva Kivi

Rb¨ beg c`vwZK wWwfk‡bi wRIwm †gRi †Rbv‡ij Bgvgy¾vgvb Gi wb‡ ©‡k

mvfvi K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui ˆmwbKiv AvwiPvNv‡U Ae ’vb †bq Ges †dwi PjvPj eÜ

K‡i †`q I b`x cvi nIqvi A‡cÿvq _vKv †`Šjw`qv Nv‡Ui Ges bMievwo

Nv‡Ui ˆmwbK‡ì b`x cvi nIqvi †Póv Ki‡j Wywe‡q †`qv n‡e e‡j Iqvi‡j‡mi

gva¨‡g ûuwkqvi K‡i †`q| Gw`‡K gqgbwmsn †_‡K Avmv ˆmwbK‡ì iv Ívq

e¨vwi‡KW w`‡q MvRxcy‡ii ˆmwb‡Kiv AvUwK‡q †`q| Kzwgjøvi gqbvgwZ, wPUvMvs,

ev›ìevb cÖf„wZ K¨v‡›Ub‡g‡›Ui Ae ’v eySv hvq bv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

B‡Zvg‡a¨ 7wU c_mfvq e³„Zv K‡i‡Qb| XvKv †_‡K Lei G‡jv XvKvi iv Ívq

U¨v¼ †b‡g‡Q| wKš‘ Kvi c‡ÿ †b‡g‡Q ? A_©vr jovB‡q †K wR‡Z‡Q? †Rbv‡ij

bvwmg? bv ivóªwZ ingvb wek¦vm? GUv wKQy‡ZB wbwðZ nIqv †Mj bv| GB

cwiw ’wZ‡Z e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv c_mfvi Kg©m~Px evwZj K‡i †`b Ges

†Kv_vq cvjv‡eb †mB wPšÍvq I †Póvq e¨ Í n‡q c‡ob| †KD e‡jb †UKbv‡d,

†KD e‡jb ev›ìev‡b, †KD e‡jb wPUvMvs–G|

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ev›ìev‡bi eZ©gvb Ggwc exi evnv yi e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv‡K ev›ìev‡b wb‡q †h‡Z _vK‡j wPUvMvs wmwU K‡c©v‡ik‡bi †gqi

gwnDwÏb, eZ©gv‡b †kL nvwmbvi gš¿x gvbœvb, wegvb gš¿x BwÄwbqvi †gvkvid

†nv‡mb †kL nvwmbvmn mKj‡K wPUvMvs mvwK©U nvD‡m wb‡q Zy‡jb| wPUvMvs

mvwK©U nvD‡mi wfwfAvB iæ‡g e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv, †gqi gwnDwÏb,

wPUvMvs AvIqvgxjxM mfvcwZ eZ©gvb kÖggš¿x gvbœvb, †K› ªxq †bÎx G¨vW‡fv‡KU

mvnviv LvZyb, †K› ªxq †bZv Wvt †gv Ídv gwnDwÏb Rvjvjmn K‡qKRb e‡m

†Uwjwfkb †`L‡Qb| †`‡ki GB msKU gyn~‡Z© KiYxq Kx †m wel‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †egvjyg wbðyc| †Uwjwfkb †`Lv Qvov GB msKUgq gyn~‡Z©

Avi †hb †Kv‡bv KvR †bB| ïay XvKvq GKUv †dvb K‡i †kL †invbv‡K evmv

†Q‡o Ab¨ RvqMvq _vKvi K_v e‡jB wZwb wbðyc, wbwe©Kvi| G¨vW‡fv‡KU

mvnviv LvZyb wR‡Ám Kij, †bÎx Avgv‡ì KiYxq wK ?

†bÎx DË‡i AvgZv AvgZv Ki‡jb| XvKv †_‡K Avmv †bÎxi mdim½x

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, Avgv‡ì GLb DwPZ †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi c‡ÿ

wgwQj †ei Kiv|

G¨vW‡fv‡KU mvnviv LvZyb Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb, wK Rb¨ †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi

c‡ÿ wgwQj †ei Kiv DwPZ?

GB Rb¨ wgwQj †ei Kiv DwPZ, †Rbv‡ij bvwmg weGbwcÕGi ivóªcwZ

ingvb wek¦v‡mi cÖwZcÿ gv‡b weGbwcÕi cÖwZcÿ|

†Rbv‡ij bvwmg‡K †mbvevwnbx cÖavb K‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡j †mbvevwnbx‡Z

†PK GÛ e¨v‡jÝ _vK‡e| Avi †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi cZb NU‡j weGbwcÕi

ivóªcwZ ingvb wek¦v‡mi †mbvevwnbxi Dci GKK KZ©„Z¡ cÖwZwôZ n‡e| d‡j

AvMvgx 12B Ry‡bi wbe©vP‡b Gi cÖfve co‡e| wVK Av‡Q, bvwm‡gi c‡ÿ wgwQj

†ei K‡ib, e‡jB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †eWiæ‡g Wy‡K co‡jb| wPUvMvs‡qi

†gqi gwnDwÏb, mfvcwZ gvbœvb wgwQj †ei Ki‡Z Am¦xK…wZ cÖKvk Ki‡j,

Zv‡ì wgwQj †ei Kivi Rb¨ PvcvPvwc Ki‡j Zviv e‡jb, GLb †Kv_vq

†jvKRb cve, wgwQ‡ji †køvMvb wK n‡e ?

XvKv †_‡K AvMZ †bÎxi mdim½x †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, †h

†Kv‡bv wKQyi wewbg‡qB wgwQj Ki‡Z n‡e| bB‡j 12B Ry‡bi wbe©vP‡b Avevi

ÿgZvq †h‡Z Pvb? †Rbv‡ij bvwmg hw` bvI wU‡K, bvwm‡gi hw` cZbI nq

Z_vwc wgwQj †ei K‡i †cÖv‡Uó (cÖwZev`) eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| Avcbviv wgwQj

†ei K‡ib| wgwQ‡j †køvMvb †`‡eb, †Rbv‡ij bvwmg wR›`vev`, ingvb wek¦vm

wbcvZ hvK| G ch©v‡q gwnDwÏb Avi gvbœvb evB‡i wM‡q K‡qKRb †jv‡Ki

GKUv wgwQj †ei K‡i mvwK©U nvD‡Ri Pvicv‡k Nyij| †Uwjwfk‡b ivóªcwZ

Avãyi ingvb wek¦v‡mi fvlY ïiæ n‡jv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv fvlY ï‡b

e‡jb, ZË¡veavqK miKvi †Kv_vq? nvweeyi ingvb †Kv_vq? Lv‡j`v wRqv 24

N›Uv msm‡` e‡m †_‡K Ggbfv‡e msweavb ms‡kvab K‡i‡Q †h, ÿgZv Avm‡j

I‡ì nv‡ZB i‡q †M‡Q| Avgiv Zvi wKQyB eywSwb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Avevi †eWiæ‡g P‡j †M‡jb| XvKv †_‡K AvMZ

mdim½x †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx XvKvq †dvb K‡i Zvi ¯¿x‡K ejj, Zywg hvI

AvIqvgx jxM Awd‡m Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZvKgx©‡ì evmvq| wM‡q e‡jv

e½eÜy Kb¨v mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb, wgwQj †ei Ki‡Z Ges

wgwQ‡j †køvMvb w`‡e †Rbv‡ij bvwmg wR›`vev`| ingvb wek¦vm wbcvZ hvK|

nVvr †eWiæ‡gi wiwmfvi †_‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡j DV‡jb G-B-

G-B-GB|

Zvici Pyc Avi wKQyB ej‡jb bv| A_©vr †bÎx †eWiæ‡gi wiwmfvi Zy‡j

GZÿY K_v¸wj Avwo †c‡Z ïbwQ‡jb| †Uwjwfk‡b ZË¡veavqK miKvi cÖavb

wePvicwZ nvweeyi ingv‡bi e³„Zv †bÎx ïb‡jb Ges Avevi †eWiæ‡g P‡j

161 162

†M‡jb| †eWiæ‡g wM‡q bwRe I evnvDwÏb bvwmg e½eÜy Kb¨v‡K mvwK©U nvDR

†Q‡o Ab¨Î cvwj‡q †h‡Z civgk© w`‡j wZwb e‡jb, Avwg †Kv_vq hve? Zvi

†P‡q †`L wK nq| e‡jB †kL nvwmbv cy‡iv Avav †evZj †dbwmwWj †L‡q ï‡q

ci‡jb|

gvSiv‡Z †gvUvgywU wbwðZ nIqv hvq †h, †Rbv‡ij bvwmg G jovB‡q

civwRZ|

mKvj‡ejv e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, bvwmg civwRZ n‡q‡Q

fv‡jv n‡q‡Q| I‡K (bvwmg‡K) Avwg †deªyqvwi gv‡m ÿgZv wb‡Z e‡jwQjvg I

ZLb fve †`wL‡q‡Q| civwRZ n‡q‡Q wVK n‡q‡Q|

mKvj 09:00 Uvi d¬vB‡U e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv PÆMÖvg †_‡K XvKvq

wdi‡jb| †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij Avey mv‡jn †gvnv¤§` bvwmg

(exi weµg) eiLv Í I †MÖßvi n‡jb| Gici †_‡K Avi †Kv‡bvw`b e½eÜy Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv †Rbv‡ij bvwm‡gi bvg we› y-wemM©I D”PviY Ki‡jb bv|

Avey †nbvi AvMgY

12B Ryb, 1996| bwRiwenxb „óvšÍ ¯’vcb K‡i RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb

AbywôZ n‡jv| bi-bvix wb‡e©‡k‡l RbMY m¦Z¡tùyZ©fv‡e nvm‡Z nvm‡Z †fvU

†K‡› ª †Mj, nvm‡Z nvm‡Z wb‡R‡ì †fvU w`‡jv| Avevi nvm‡Z nvm‡ZB N‡i

wd‡i G‡jv| mÜ¨vi ci evsjv‡`k evsjv‡`k †Uwjwfk‡b wbe©vPbx djvdj

†NvlYv ïiæ n‡jv| cÖ_g w`‡K †`Lv hvq AvIqvgx jxM †ek GwM‡q i‡q‡Q| ivZ

10:00 Uvi ci Avevi †`Lv hvq weGbwc †ek GwM‡q i‡q‡Q|

cÖ_g w`‡Ki †NvwlZ wbe©vPbx djvd‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvmn Dcw ’Z

mK‡jB †ek cyjwKZ n‡Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ ivZ 10:00 Uvi c‡ii †NvwlZ

djvd‡j mK‡jB wPwšÍZ n‡q c‡ob|

ivZ cÖvq 12:00 Uvi w`‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zvi Dci nvgjv n‡Z

cv‡i GB K_v e‡j Zvi evmvq Dcw ’Z mKj‡K P‡j †h‡Z e‡jb| evB‡ii

mK‡j P‡j hvIqvi d‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡Wi 54

b¤¦i evmvwU bxie n‡q hvq| ivZ 01:00 Uvi w`‡K cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi

†gvnv¤§` Avey †nbv Ab¨ GKRb‡K m‡½ wb‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbbvi evmvq

Av‡mb Ges cÖvq GK N›Uv GKvšÍ †Mvcb êVK †k‡l P‡j hvb|

HK¨g‡Zi miKvi

wbe©vP‡bi P~ovšÍ djvd‡j †`Lv †Mj Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji †P‡q AvIqvgx jxM

me‡P‡q †ewk wmU †c‡q‡Q| wKš‘ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wn‡me K‡i †`L‡jb

weGbwc, RvZxq cvwU©, RvgvqvZ Ges Rvm` (i‡ei) Av, m, g ie hw` GKwÎZ

n‡q hvq Zvn‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi PvB‡Z 1wU wmU †ewk n‡q hvq| A_©vr AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi 1wU wmU Kg nq| †m‡ÿ‡Î AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cwie‡Z© weGbwc, RvZxq

cvwU©, Avi Rvm‡ì Av, m, g ie GB †RvU ev mw¤§wjZ `j¸‡jv miKvi MVb

Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges msm‡ì msiwÿZ 30wU gwnjv wmU Abvqv‡m wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨

fvMvfvwM K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv GB wn‡me-

wb‡K‡ki ci ïay ej‡Z _v‡Kb, Avey †nbv (cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi) Avgvi

mv‡_ Qjbv Kij? cÖZviYv Kij? K_v ivLj bv, K_v g‡Zv KvR Kij bv|

Gi ci 15B Ryb mÜ¨v‡ejvq e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Rvm` †bZv Ges

Rvm‡ì GKgvÎ wbe©vwPZ msm` m`m¨ Av, m, g ie‡K †h †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡i Q‡j

e‡j †KŠk‡j Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) evmvq wb‡q Avmvi wb‡ ©k †`b| ˆm¦ivPvix

Gikv‡ì 1988 mv‡j cvj©v‡g‡›Ui M„ncvwjZ we‡ivax `jxq †bZv mw¤§wjZ IqvP

WK Av, m, g ie‡K GB msev` w`‡j g‡b n‡jv wZwb Ggb GKwU msev‡ì Rb¨

PvZK cvwLi b¨vq A‡cÿv KiwQ‡jb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Avgš¿Y

Rvwb‡q‡Qb ejvi m‡½ m‡½ Av, m, g ie Ggwc e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi

avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡Wi 54 b¤¦i evwo‡Z Qy‡U P‡j Av‡mb| 2q Zjvi

wfwfAvBwc iæ‡g Av, m, g ie Ggwc‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv em‡Z w`‡jb,

wgwó LvIqv‡jb| Zvici ej‡jb, ie fvB AvcbvivB †`k m¦vaxb K‡i‡Qb|

evsjv‡`k evwb‡q‡Qb| AvcbvivB †Zv Avgvi wcZv‡K †kL gywRei †_‡K e½eÜy

evwb‡q‡Qb| mvov we‡k¦ cwiwPwZ w`‡q‡Qb, Gm‡ei g~‡j e¨w³MZfv‡e Avcbvi

Ae`vbB i‡q‡Q me PvB‡Z †ewk|

Av, m, g ie e‡jb, Avcwb †Zv ZLb ivRbxwZ‡Z wQ‡jb bv, Kv‡RB Avcwb

Rv‡bb bv, Avgiv KL‡bvB e½eÜyi we‡ivwaZv Ki‡Z PvBwb| Avi Avwg

e¨w³MZfv‡e †Zv KL‡bvB e½eÜyi we‡ivwaZv Kwiwb| e½eÜyi Pvicv‡k hviv

wQj Ges Avgvi mv‡_i ¸wUK‡qK, GivB Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ ~iZ¡ m„wó K‡i

w`‡qwQj| Avm‡j e½eÜyB Avgv‡ì cÖK…Z †bZv wQ‡jb| Avi AvgivB e½eÜyi

cÖK…Z †jvK wQjvg|

163 164

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, nu¨v ie fvB, AvcbvivB e½eÜyi cÖK…Z

†jvK| ZvB †Zv Avwg Avcbv‡ì wb‡q gš¿xmfv MVb Ki‡Z PvB| Avgiv mK‡j

wg‡j miKvi MVb K‡i †`k Pvjv‡Z PvB|

Av, m, g ie ej‡jb, g‡bi w`K †_‡K †Zv A‡bK Av‡MB Avwg Avcbvi

(†kL nvwmbvi) †bZ„‡Z¡ †`k cwiPvjbvi cÖ ÍywZ wb‡q AvwQ Ges G‡Zw`b †Zv

†Kej Avcbvi Wv‡Ki A‡cÿvqB wQjvg|

e½eÜy Kb¨v ej‡jb, Avgv‡K wek¦vm Kiæb, Avwg Avcbvi wek¦v‡mi Agh©v`v

Kie bv|

Av, m, g ie ej‡jb, nu¨v nu¨v, Avcbv‡K wek¦vm Kivi e¨vcv‡i Avgvi

†Kv‡bv NvUwZ †bB| Avcwb e½eÜy Kb¨v, Avcbv‡K wK Awek¦vm Kiv hvq ?

Dcw ’Z bwRe Avn‡¤§` bwRe, evnvDwÏb bvwmg, bwKe Avn‡g` gvby,

KvwbR Avnv‡¤§` (Giv mevB †kL nvwmbvi evevi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡ì †Q‡j) ivg

†gvnb `vm, g„Yvj KvwšÍ `vm, Avbvg, †m›Uy‡ì w`‡K ZvwK‡q Av, m, g ie

ej‡jb, Avwg †bÎxi m‡½ GKUy GKv K_v ej‡Z PvB|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Dcw ’Z mKj‡K ej‡jb, †Zvgiv GLb evB‡i

hvI|

mevB evB‡i P‡j G‡jv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Avi Rvm` †bZv Av, m,

g ie wfZ‡i GKv‡šÍ K_v ej‡Qb| wgwbU cuv‡PK c‡i e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

Kjg Ges 2wU KvMR PvB‡jb| 1wU Kjg Ges 2wU KvMR †fZ‡i †`qv n‡jv|

evB‡i †_‡K †evSv †Mj e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Ges Rvm` †bZv Av, m, g ie

wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ GKwU wjwLZ Pyw³bvgv Ki‡jb| wgwbU 15 c‡i Av, m, g ie

P‡j †M‡jb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †Nvlbv Ki‡jb Av, m, g ie‡K g¨v‡bR

Kiv †M‡Q, Gevi nqZ miKvi MVb Ki‡Z cvie|

c‡ii w`b mKv‡j ivg †gvnb `vm GKwU wn‡me wb‡q G‡m e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv‡K eySv‡jb †h, weGbwc, RvZxq cvwU©, Rvgvq‡Z Bmjvg, Rvm` ie Ges

GKgvÎ m¦Zš¿ Ggwc Kzwóqvi gKeyj †nv‡mbI hw` GK‡RvUf~³ nq Zvn‡jI

AvIqvgx jxM–Gi msL¨v MwiôZv _v‡K Ges AvIqvgx jxM miKvi MVb Ki‡Z

cv‡i| KviY GKvwaK Avmb †_‡K weRqx msm` m`m¨‡ì msweavb Abyhvqx

kc_ †bqvi c~e© 1wU (GK) gvÎ Avmb ev wmU †i‡L evwK Avmb ev wmU †Q‡o

w`‡Z n‡e Ges †Q‡o †`qv †mB Avmb ev wmU k~b¨ †NvwlZ n‡e| A_©vr GK e¨w³

hZ¸‡jv Avmb ev wmU †_‡KB weRqx †nvK bv †Kb, GK e¨w³‡K GKRb

GgwcB n‡Z n‡e Ges GKRb Ggwc wn‡m‡eB aiv n‡e| †mw`K †_‡K weGbwc,

RvZxq cvwU©, Rvm`, RvgvqZ Ges m¦Zš¿ †Rv‡Ui Avmb ev wmU Qvo‡Z nq, 11wU

(GMvi) AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 4wU (Pvi)| kc_ †bqvi c~‡e© †Q‡o †`qv Avmb ev`

w`‡q wn‡me Ki‡j †`Lv hvq AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKviB DwjøwLZ †Rv‡Ui PvB‡Z

1wU (GK) Avmb †ewk _v‡K| Rb‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv GB wn‡me

†evSvi ci e‡j D‡Vb, I‡i nvivgRv`v Av‡M KB wQwj? Av‡M KB wQwj? GLb

me †kl| GLb me †kl| ie fvIZvevwR w`‡q Avgvi KvQ †_‡K wjwLZ wb‡q

†M‡Q| GLb Avi Zv cvëv‡bv hv‡e bv| nvivgRv`viv Av‡M wK Kiwj? GLb wK

Kwi? i‡ei Kv‡Q Avgvi wjwLZ Av‡Q|

GB n‡jv e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi HK¨g‡Zï miKv‡ii cÖK…Z

DrcwË Ges Rvm` †bZv Av, m, g ie gš¿x|

iIkb Gikv‡ì cv aiv

19 †k Ryb, 1996| mÜ¨v 07:00 Uvq mv‡eK ivóªcwZ ûmvBb gynv¤§`

Gikv`– ¿x iIkb Gikv` e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ Zvi avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i

evwo‡Z †`Lv Ki‡jb| 2q Zjvi wfwfAvBwc iæ‡g gy‡LvgywL †mvdvq e‡m‡Qb

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Avi mv‡eK dv÷‡jwW iIkb Gikv`| yÕR‡bi gv‡S

5 wd‡Ui g‡Zv ~iZ¡| iIkb Gikv` ej‡jb, Avcv (†kL nvwmbv) Avcbvi Kv‡Q

Avgvi GKUv Aby‡iva, Avcwb RvZxq cvwU© †_‡K wRbœvZ gykvid‡K gwnjv Ggwc

evbv‡eb bv|

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, GUv Avcbv‡ì e¨vcvi| Avcbviv hv‡K w`‡eb Avwg

Zv‡KB gwnjv Ggwc evbve|

iIkb Gikv` ej‡jb, Avcv, Avcwb Avgvi †evb, AvcwbI gwnjv,

AvcbviI m¦vgx Av‡Q| Avcwb †evb wn‡m‡e Avgvi cÖwZ `qv K‡ib| meB

Avcbvi nv‡Z| Avcwb `qv K‡i Avgvi m¦vgx‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q wdwi‡q Avb‡Z

mvnvh¨ Kiæb| H PwiÎåóv wRbœvZ gykvid‡K `qv K‡i Avcwb gwnjv Ggwc

evbv‡eb bv| cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcwb RvZxq cvwU© †_‡K GKwUI gwnjv Ggwc evbv‡eb

bv|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, bv bv Avwg RvZxq cvwU©‡K 2wU Ges

RvgvqvZ‡K 1wU gwnjv Ggwc †`‡ev|

iIkb Gikv` ej‡jb, Zvn‡j Avi hvB †nvK, wRbœvZ‡K Ggwc Ki‡eb bv|

165 166

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, ejjvg †Zv GUv Avcbv‡ì e¨vcvi|

iIkb Gikv` †mvdv †_‡K D‡V †mvRv e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cv

Rwo‡q a‡i ej‡jb, Avcv Avcwb Avgvi †evb, Avcwb `qv K‡i Avgv‡K GB

gywme‡Z †dj‡eb bv| Avcwb `qv K‡i Avgvi m¦vgx‡K D×vi Kiæb|

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Av‡i wK Ki‡Qb, wK Ki‡Qb| wVK Av‡Q, cv Qvoyb,

cv Qvoyb Avwg †`Le|

iIkb Gikv` ej‡jb, Avcv Avcwb K_v †`b|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, wVK Av‡Q Avwg wRbœvZ‡K Ggwc evbve

bv|

AZtci iIkb Gikv` wfwfAvBwc iæ‡gi cwðg cv‡k¦©i ìRv w`‡q †ewi‡q

wmuwoi av‡i †h‡Z bv †h‡ZB wfwfAvBwc iæ‡gi DËi w`‡Ki ìRv w`‡q e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †ewi‡q WvBwbs iæ‡g G‡m bvP‡Z jvM‡jb, Avi ej‡Z

jvM‡jb, KvD‡i Qvoyg bv| jvMvBqv w`gy| KvD‡i Qvoyg bv| wRbœvZ gykvid‡K

Ggwc evbveB|

†eviLvIqvjx‡ì wmU

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Lv‡j`v wRqv cZb Av‡›`vj‡b GKvËi (Õ71) Gi

hy× Acivax NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg I Zvi `j Rvgvq‡Z Bmjvgxi mv‡_ Mfxi

ivR‰bwZK m¤úK© M‡o †Zv‡jb Ges wbe©vP‡bi cÖv°v‡j †kL nvwmbvi †eqvB

(†kL nvwmbvi †g‡q cyZy‡ji k¦ïi) †gvkviid †nv‡m‡bi DËivi evwo‡Z

Rvgvq‡Zi cÖavb NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg Ges gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxi mv‡_ †Mvcb

êV‡K wgwjZ nb|

H êV‡K Av‡jvPbv I wm×všÍ nq †h, 12B Ryb, 1996 Gi wbe©vP‡b

Rvgvq‡Zi Kgx© I mg_©Kiv weGbwc cÖv_x©‡K †fvU †`‡e bv Ges †h mg Í

RvqMvq RvgvqZ ~e©j †m mg Í RvqMvq AvIqvgxjxM cÖv_x©‡K †fvU †`qvi †Póv

Ki‡e| wewbg‡q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv RvgvqZ‡K 2wU gwnjv Avmb w`‡eb|

ivZ ZLb 10:00 Uv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv WvBwbs †Uwe‡j iv‡Zi

Lvevi †L‡Z †L‡Z RvgvqZ †bZv NvZK †Mvjvg Avhg I wbRvgx‡ì mv‡_

êV‡Ki I Iqv`vi K_v cybivq D‡jøL K‡i ej‡jb, I‡ì e‡jwQjvg

†eviLvIqvjx‡ì 2wU gwnjv Ggwc †`‡ev| ZLb †f‡ewQjvg RvgvqZ †MvUv

c‡bi wmU cv‡e| wKš‘ RvgvqZ †c‡q‡Q gvÎ 2wU Avmb, †eviLvIqvjx‡ì GLb

1Uvi †ekx gwnjv Ggwc †`‡ev bv|

GB K_v ï‡b †kL nvwmbvi PvPx, †kL bv‡m‡ii ¯¿x, †kL †njvj GgwcÕi gv

ej‡jb, Gnb w`wjI Aq, bv w`wjI Aq, Kvg‡Zv I‡qB †M‡Q|

A_©vr RvgvqZ‡K GLb gwnjv Ggwc w`‡jI P‡j bv w`‡jI P‡j| wbe©vPbx

KvR †Zv D×vi n‡qB wM‡q‡Q|

e½eÜy Kb¨v ej‡jb, fwel¨‡Z nv‡Z gy‡Vvq ivLvi Rb¨ GKUv gwnjv Ggwc

†eviLvIqvjx‡ì †`B| wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv) ejj, Avcv GUv

Avcwb wK e‡jb? gvby‡l‡i gb †f‡½ †`‡eb bv| gvby‡li wek¦vm bó Ki‡eb bv|

Avcwb gyw³hy‡×i c‡ÿi †bÎx, gvbyl Avcbv‡K m¦vaxbZvi cÖZxK g‡b K‡i|

Avcwb hw` RvgvqZ‡K gwnjv Ggwc †`b, Z‡e Lv‡j`v wRqv Avi Avcbvi g‡a¨

Zdvr _vK‡e bv| gyw³hy‡×i c‡ÿi gvbyl wegyL n‡e| Avcbvi ÿwZ n‡e|

Avcwb GUv Ki‡eb bv|

Gici gyw³‡hv×v gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy Ges wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy

(gqbv) GK‡hv‡M e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cv Rwo‡q a‡i †Ku‡` w`‡q ejj,

Avcv Avcwb K_v †`b RvgvqZ‡K GKUvI gwnjv Ggwc †`‡eb bv|

†kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Avgv‡K fve‡Z `vI| ivZ ZLb 2Uv|

ciw`b mKvj 07:00 Uvq gyw³‡hv×v gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (†jLK) I

wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv) cÖ_‡gB †Mj Bw›ìv †iv‡W †kL nvwmbvi PvPx

†kL †njvj GgwcÕi gv‡qi evmvq| yÕR‡b wg‡j †kL nvwmbvi PvPxi cv Rwo‡q

a‡i ejj, PvPx AvcwbB †Kej cv‡ib RvgvqZ‡K gwnjv Ggwc †`qv †_‡K

Avcv‡K (†kL nvwmbv) weiZ ivL‡Z|

PvPx ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì mvg‡bB †Zv Avwg Kvj‡K ejjvg w`‡jI cvi, bv

w`‡jI cvi|

m¦vgx- ¿x yÕR‡b ejj, bv PvPx, Avcwb ïay ej‡eb RvgvqZ‡K gwnjv Ggwc

wÌ bv|

PvPx‡K GK cÖKvi †Rvi K‡iB avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡W †kL nvwmbvi evwo

wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv Ges cybivq m¦vgx- ¿x wg‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cv

Rwo‡q a‡i RvgvqZ‡K gwnjv Ggwc bv †`qvi Rb¨ KvbœvKvwU ïiæ Ki‡j PvPx

ej‡jb, Iiv KvbœvKvwU Ki‡Q| ZvQvov RvgvqvZ‡K gwnjv Ggwc bv w`‡j

†Zvgvi †Kv‡bv ÿwZ n‡e bv| wÌ bv Zywg RvgvqZ‡K gwnjv Ggwc|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, wVK Av‡Q †Zvgiv hLb w`‡Z PvI bv, bv

w`jvg|

167 168

nvwbd GjwRAviwW gš¿x

AvMvgx 23†k, Ryb 1996 mÜ¨v 7Uvq e½fe‡b ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb

wek¦v‡mi Kv‡Q e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e kc_ †b‡eb| mevB

Lye e¨ Í| hviv gš¿x n‡eb e‡j Avkv Ki‡Qb Zviv mK‡jB cÖPÐ †Ubk‡b

Av‡Qb| NbNb e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi evmvq Avmv-hvIqv Ki‡Qb| g‡b g‡b

fve‡Qb Avwg †Zv gš¿x neB| Avgv‡K gš¿xmfv †_‡K ev` †`q Kxfv‡e ? ZeyI

ejv †Zv hvq bv, †h GK-AvaRb gš¿xmfv †_‡K ev` co‡e Avgvi bvg Avgvi H

ev` hvIqv ZvwjKvq †bB †Zv ? bv, bv G wK K‡i nq! Avgv‡K gš¿x bv evwb‡q

cv‡ib bv| Avwg gš¿xZ¡ cveB| Z‡e †Kvb gš¿Yvj‡qi `vwqZ¡ cve GUv fveevi

welq| fvex cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Kv‡Q †jvK we‡kl K‡i AvZ¥xq-m¦Rb‡ì

Kv‡Q aY©v †`qv, †Rvi Z &wei Kiv Pj‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ GKRbB ïay Z &wei

Ki‡Qb bv, aY©v w`‡”Qb bv| KviY wZwb †Zv G‡Kev‡iB wbwðZ wZwb gš¿x

n‡”QbB| ïay gš¿xZ¡B wbwðZ bq, gš¿YvjqI wbwðZ Ges †mB gš¿YvjqUv n‡jv

GjwRAviwW gš¿Yvjq| GB †mŠfvMëvb e¨w³wU Avi †KD bb, wZwb n‡”Qb

XvKvi †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd| †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd GjwRAviwW. gš¿x †Zv

n‡qB Av‡Qb, GUv wZwb G‡Kev‡iB wbwðZ| Zvi ïay kc_ †bqvUv evwK|

AvMvgx 23†k Ryb kc_ AbyôvbUvI n‡q hv‡e| XvKvi †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwb‡di

GjwRAviwW gš¿Yvj‡qi gš¿x‡Z¡i GB wbðqZvi KviY, MZ 17B †deªyqvwi,

1996 avbgwÛ 32–G e½eÜy fe‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v AvR‡Ki fvex cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv †Zv †gqi nvwbd‡K GjwRAviwW gš¿x evwb‡qB †i‡L‡Qb Ges †gqi

nvwbd‡K GjwRAviwW gš¿x wn‡m‡e AbvbyôvwbK †NvlYvI e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbv 17B †deªyqvwi, 1996 w`‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd †bv wPšÍv

Wy dzwZ©‡ZB Av‡Qb|

mevi gyL Kv‡jv

AvR 23†k Ryb, 1996 mvj| mÜ¨v 07:00 Uvq e½fe‡bi ìevi K‡ÿ

ivóªcwZ Avãyi ingvb wek¦v‡mi Kv‡Q cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

kc_ †b‡eb|

avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡Wi †kL nvwmbvi 54 b¤i evwo‡Z ïaygvÎ †kL nvwmbv

Qvov evwK mevi gyL Kv‡jv| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi wcZvi dzdv‡Zv fvB‡ì

†Q‡jiv bwRe Avn‡¤§` bwRe, bwKe Avnv‡¤§` gvbœy, KvwbR Avnv‡¤§` G‡ì

mevi gyL Kv‡jv| Ggb Kv‡jv, †hb Kvj êkv‡Li Kv‡jv †gN G‡ì gy‡L fi

K‡i‡Q| G‡ì Av‡iK PvPv‡Zv fvB evnvDwÏb bvwmg †m †Zv †fvi nIqvi

Av‡MB †kL nvwmbvi evmv †Q‡o P‡j †M‡Q| evwoi PvKi-evKi, wcqb, Mvwoi

WªvBfvi, eveywP©, Ggb wK hviv `xN© 16/17 eQi †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ _vK‡Z

_vK‡Z †kL nvwmbvi AvZ¥x‡qi g‡Zv n‡q †M‡Q, †kL nvwmbvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨

n‡q †M‡Q, Zv‡ì †Pv‡LI Rj, Zv‡ì gyLI fxlY gwjb| fxlY Kv‡jv| e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wKQyÿY cici ïay ej‡Qb, mevB Ggb ïiæ K‡i‡Q, †hb Avwg

g‡i hvw”Q! Avi N›UvLv‡bK c‡iB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e

kc_ †b‡eb| A_P Zvi evwo‡ZB †b‡g G‡m‡Q fxlY Mvp †kv‡Ki Qvqv| e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jB hv‡”Qb, nu¨v Avwg wK g‡i hvw”Q †h, mevB †kvK ïiæ

K‡i‡Q?

†kL nvwmbvi AvZ¥xqmn yB/wZb Rb‡K GB †kv‡Ki KviY wK wR‡Ám

Ki‡j Zviv e‡jb, ey‡Sb bv, Dwb †Zv (†kL nvwmbv) cÖavbgš¿x n‡q †M‡jb,

Dbvi Av‡Li †Zv ¸wQ‡qB wb‡jb| Avgv‡ì wK n‡e? GLb †Zv Dwb Avgv‡ì

†LuvRI †b‡eb bv| Avgiv †h GZ eQi GZ Kó Kijvg| Zv g‡bI ivL‡e bv|

ejv n‡jv, bv bv cÖavbgš¿x n‡q fy‡j hv‡eb †Kb| g‡b ivL‡eb bv †Kb? wbðqB

g‡b ivL‡eb|

Iiv Rev‡e ejj, GL‡bv ey‡Sb bvB †Zv wK iKg †eCgvb! eyS‡eb|

mÜ¨v 07:00 Uvq e½fe‡bi ìevi K‡ÿ cÖ‡ek Kiv n‡jv| AvIqvgx

jx‡Mi mg Í Ggwciv G‡m‡Qb| wePvicwZMY G‡m‡Qb| wZb evwnbx cÖavb

G‡m‡Qb| cÖkvm‡bi Kg©KZ©vMY, MYgvb¨ e¨w³MY mevB G‡m‡Qb|

bZyb cvqRvgv-cvÄvwe Avi gywRe †KvU c‡i G‡m‡Qb XvKvi †gqi

†gvnv¤§` nvwbd| wZwb mvaviYZ gywRe †KvU c‡ob bv| wKš‘ wZwb †Zv wbwðZ

†h, wZwb AvR gš¿x‡Z¡i kc_ wb‡”Qb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv MZ 17B

†deªyqvwi Zuv‡K (nvwbd‡K) gš¿x e‡j †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB wZwb AvR gywRe

†KvU c‡i G‡m‡Qb| wZwb RbZvi gÂ ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb| Lv‡j`v wRqv miKv‡ii

cZb NwU‡q‡Qb| RbZvi g‡Âi bvqK †Zv wZwbB| GB mg Í w`K w`‡q XvKvi

†gqi nvwbd AvR‡Ki Abyôv‡bi ga¨gwY bv n‡jI Kg ¸iæ‡Z¡i bv|

Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb!

Abyôv‡bi ïiæ‡ZB cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv kc_ wb‡jb

Ges evsjv‡`ki bZyb cÖavbgš¿x n‡jb| Gevi cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Zuvi

169 170

gš¿xmfvi bvg †NvlYv Ki‡eb| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv e¨vM †_‡K Zvi gš¿x

cwil‡ì wj÷ †ei Ki‡Qb| XvKvi †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í †Pqvi

†_‡K DV‡Qb| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi gš¿x cwil‡ì bvg co‡Z GKUy mgq

jvM‡Q| XvKvi †gqi nvwbd Ggbfv‡e Av‡Qb †h wZwb bv †Pqv‡i e‡m Av‡Qb,

bv uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| wZwb g‡b Ki‡Qb, †Pqv‡i e‡m wK jvf GLbB †Zv DV‡Z

n‡e, gš¿x cwil‡ì cÖ_g bvgUvB Zvi| †Pqvi †Q‡o uvov‡”Qb bv GB Rb¨ †h

„wóKUy g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB wZwb Avav emv, Avav uvov‡bv Ae ’vq Av‡Qb|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv gš¿x cwil‡ì bvg co‡Z jvM‡jb| cÖ_g bvgwU †gqi

nvwb‡di bv, wØZxqwU bv, Z„ZxqUv, PZy_© bv, cÂg bv, lô bv, mßg bv, Aóg bv

... bv, bv, bv, bv Gici †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd Kvbvq Kvbvq †kÖvZv-`k©‡K fiv

ìevi K‡ÿi †Pqv‡ii yB mvwii gvSLvb w`‡q ªæZ e½feb Z¨vM K‡i †ewi‡q

†h‡Z _vK‡j GKRb Zv‡K wcQb †_‡K nvwbd fvB e‡j Rwo‡q ai‡j wZwb

Zv‡K av°v †g‡i mwi‡q w`‡q, Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb! Avgvi mv‡_ †eCgvwb!

ej‡Z ej‡Z e½feb Z¨vM K‡i P‡j hvb|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Zvi evmvq wd‡i iv‡Zi Lvevi †L‡Z †L‡Z e‡jb,

AvR Avgvi ywU Avb›`| cÖavbgš¿x n‡Z cvivi Avb›` Avi nvwb‡di †eCgvwbi

cÖwZ‡kva wb‡Z cvivi Avb›`|

cieZx© ch©v‡q †gqi †gvnv¤§` nvwbd Wvq‡ewUK (ev‡W©g–G) nvcvZv‡j

fwZ© n‡q mvsevw`K †W‡K e‡jb, KvD‡K m¤§vb bv K‡ib Acgvb Ki‡Z cv‡ib

bv|

Zvici `vwe Ki‡jb wgwb MfvY©‡g‡›Ui| Gici †g‡UªvcwjUb A_wiwUi|

wKš‘ bv, †gqi nvwb‡di wKQyB cvIqv n‡jv bv| gš¿xZ¡ bv| wgwb MfvY©‡g‡›U bv|

†g‡UªvcwjUb A_wiwUI bv|

†emvgvj

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Zvi avbgwÛ 5 b¤¦i †iv‡Wi 54 bv¤¦vi evmvq wd‡i

G‡m Zvi Rb¨ bZyb miKvwi evmv cQ›` Kivi Rb¨ AvZ¥xq-m¦Rb‡ì ej‡jb|

ïiæ n‡jv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Rb¨ evmv cQ›` Kiv| cÖ_‡gB †`Lv n‡jv

ivóªxq AwZw_ feb myMÜv| Zvici †`Lv n‡jv Gikv` Avg‡j ïiæ n‡q Lv‡j`v

wRqvi Avg‡j †kl nIqv RvZxq msm`mn eûj Av‡jvwPZ 20 †KvwU UvKv e¨‡q

wbwg©Z 30 b¤¦i †nqvi †iv‡Wi evmvwU| Gici ivóªxq AwZw_ feb cÙv, †gNbv

Ges Ae‡k‡l K‡iv‡Zvqv| eû wPšÍv-fvebv, AvZ¥xq-m¦Rbi mv‡_ A‡bK Avjvc-

Av‡jvPbvi ci †k‡ievsjv bMi msm` fe‡bi cwðg DË‡i wµ‡m›U †j‡Ki

cwð‡g wekvj AvKv‡ii ~‡M©i b¨vq K‡ivZvqv‡K cQ›` Kiv n‡jv| cÖavbgš¿x

†kL nvwmbvi wcZv †kL gywR‡ei Avg‡j Zuvi (†kL gywR‡ei) Awdm wQj

GLv‡b| ZLb GB feb‡K ejv n‡Zv MYfeb| cybivq GB fe‡bi bvg MYfeb

w`‡q cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi evmfeb Kiv n‡jv|

3iv RyjvB, 1996 ivZ 09:00 Uvi w`‡K cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv GB

MYfe‡b G‡m DV‡jb| MYfe‡b G‡m wZwb †mvRv 2q Zjvq P‡j †M‡jb| 2q

Zjvi †kvevi iæg †`L‡jb, Lvevi iæg †`L‡jb, emvi iæg †`L‡jb, Av‡iv

8/10Uv iæg †`L‡jb| cÖwZwU iæ‡gB 26 © © iw½b †Uwjwfkb Ges AZ¨vaywbK

Avmevec‡Î myPviæiƒ‡c mvRv‡bv| ivZ †ewk nIqvq wekvj cÖmv‡ì wekvj

AvqZ‡bi wbPZjvi AskwU cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †`L‡Z cvi‡jb bv| Nywg‡q

co‡jb| ciw`b 4Vv RyjvB C‡ì w`‡b †QvU †QvU †Q‡‡g‡qiv †hgb Lye †fv‡i

D‡V †Mvmj-†Uvmj †m‡i byZb RvgvKvco c‡i Lywki †Vjvq †eov‡Z †ei n‡q

hvq, wVK GB iKgfv‡eB cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Lye †fv‡i D‡V †Mvmj-†Uvmj

†m‡i bZyb kvwo c‡o mvZUv evRvi Av‡MB Zvi (cÖavbgš¿xi) Kvh©vj‡q P‡j

†M‡jb| wdi‡jb ycyi cÖvq 01:00 Uvq| MYfe‡bi wbPZjvq XyK‡ZB nv‡Zi

Wvb w`‡K A_©vr wbPZjvi cwðg cv‡k¦©i 3 b¤¦i iæ‡g XyK‡jb, m‡½ wQ‡jb PvPx,

gv‡b †kL †njv‡ji gv| GB 3 b¤¦i iægwU‡Z Xy‡KB cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv

†emvgvj n‡q wM‡q GK wPrKvi †`b, I ... †i Pv... Pv †i... G... Z e... o †U...

we... j e‡j jvd w`‡q †kL †njvj GgwcÕi gv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i ej‡jb, fBiv¸wô

(mKj AvZ¥xq) †K Lei †`b, GB †Uwe‡j LvB‡Z n‡e|

PvPx ej‡jb, fBiv¸wô Avm‡jI †Uwej fiwe bv †b|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, ZvB‡j Uyw½cvovi gvBb‡l‡i (gvbyl) Lei

†`b| GB †Uwe‡j LvB‡Z n‡e|

cÖavbgš¿xi wPrKv‡i Zvi wbivcËvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ †mbvevwnbx we‡kl

`j GmGmGd Ges wcwRAvi–Gi m`mïv GwM‡q G‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv

Pyc K‡i hvb Ges PvPx‡K m‡½ wb‡q Dc‡i P‡j hvb|

MYfe‡bi 3 b¤i iægwU GKwU wekvj iæg| GB wekvj iæ‡g wW¤ AvK…wZi

GKwU wekvj †Uwej i‡q‡Q Ges GB wekvj †Uwe‡ji Pviw`‡K cÖvq kÕ yB

wifjwes †Pqvi i‡q‡Q| GB 3 b¤i iægwU LvIqvi ev WvBwbs iæg bq| GwU

Avm‡j GKwU Kbdv‡iÝ iæg|

171 172

`yB †ev‡bi fvMvfvwM

eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki whwb m‡e©v”P ÿgZvi AwaKvix, hvi A½ywj †nj‡b,

G‡`‡ki eo eo eëmv-evwYR¨, D”P ch©v‡qi PvKwi-evKwi wbqwš¿Z nq,

miKv‡ii mvgwiK-†emvgwiK Avgjv, gš¿x, cÖavbgš¿x, ivóªcwZ Ges cÖavbgš¿xi

AvZ¥xq-m¦Rb †h †hLv‡bB Av‡Qb Zv‡ì g‡a¨ mePvB‡Z kw³kvjx ÿgZvai,

mvgwiK m‡e©v”P ch©vq †_‡K †h †Kv‡bv ch©vq ch©šÍ Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvixi c‡`vbœwZ-

c`vebwZ Ges e`wj hvi gbevmbv ev B”Qvbyhvqx nq, miKvwi ch©v‡q eëmv-

evwYR¨ cvIqv bv cvIqv hvi Dci wbf©i K‡i, G‡`‡ki êa-A‰ea mg Í UvKv-

cqmv hvi nv‡Z Rgv nq, eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv cwiev‡ii K¨vwkqvi

whwb, GKgvÎ ivRbxwZ Qvov †MvUv †`‡ki A_©bxwZ GKK n‡ Í cwiPvjbv K‡ib

whwb, G‡`‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨ we› ygvÎ fvjevmv gvqv-ggZvi †jkgvÎ †bB hvi,

G‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K wkqvj (k„Mvj) KzËvi (KzKz‡ii) RvZ, wbgKnviv‡gi RvZ Qvov

Ab¨ wKQy fv‡eb bv, Ab¨ wKQy e‡jb bv whwb, gvSiv‡Z Nyg †f‡½ †M‡j A_ev

ivZ †cvnv‡j hw` ïb‡Z †c‡Zb, G‡`‡ki evi †KvwU gvbyl mK‡jB gnvcÖj‡q

wbnZ n‡q †M‡Q Zvn‡j Lywk‡Z AvZ¥nviv n‡q hv‡eb whwb, m`vme©Î G‡`‡ki

gvby‡li Awbó-Ag½j Qvov Ab¨ wKQy wPšÍv Ges Kvgbv K‡ib bv whwb, wZwb Avi

†KD bb, wZwb n‡jb RvZxq RbK e½eÜy †kL gywRei ingvb Gi 2q Kb¨v

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Av`‡ii †QvU †evb †kL †invbv| 7B RyjvB, 1996 Gi

Aciv‡ý wZwb G‡jb MYfe‡b| ZviB eo †evb cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Kv‡Q

G‡mB mivmwi cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K wPrKvi K‡i ej‡jb, GB, †kL gywRe

wK GKv †Zvgvi evc? †kL gywRe wK Avgvi evc bv? Avgvi fvM KB ? Avwg wK

fvM cvB bv? Zywg ïay GKv Lvev ? AvwgI mgvb fvM cvB| mgvb fvM PvB|

Avgvi fvM KB? Avgvi 5Uv gš¿x wb‡Z n‡e|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv uvZ KUgU K‡i ej‡jb, ZyB gš¿x w`‡q wK wKiwe ?

UvKv Pvm& †Zv UvKv †c‡q hvwe|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL †invbv ej‡jb, Avwg GZ wKQy eywS bv, AvRB Avgvi

cuvPRb‡K gš¿x evbv‡Z n‡e|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, gš¿x cvwe bv, PvjvB‡ZwQ, PvjvB‡Z †`| hZ

UvKv ìKvi cvwe| me ZyB †b|

yB †ev‡bi wPrKv‡ii †Pv‡U cÖavgš¿xi 24 N›Uv mve©ÿwYK wbivcËvi `vwq‡Z¡

wb‡qvwRZ †mbvevwnbx, wegvb evwnbx I †bŠ-evwnbxi 64 (†PŠlwÆ) Rb Awdmv‡ii

mgb¦‡q MwVZ GmGmGd (†¯úkvj wmwKDwiwU †dvm©) Ges †mbvevwnbxi 16k

(†lvj kZ) m`‡mï GKwU we‡kl `j wcwRAvi (cÖvBg wgwb÷vi MvW© †iwR‡g›U)

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173 174

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n‡jv Ges kwdK wmwÏKx Zvi fviZxq eëmvqx eÜy‡ì wb‡q ycyi 03:00 Uv

†_‡KB MYfe‡b wgwUs–G e‡m‡Qb| ivZ 10:00 Uv ch©šÍ GKUvbv wgwUs Pjj|

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bq| Zvi ciw`b gwZwS‡ji †kqvi evRv‡i ïay we‡µZvi av°vavw° Avi wPrKvi

†kvbv †Mj| wKš‘ †kqvi †µZv Lyu‡R cvIqv †Mj bv| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

miKvwi evmfeb MYfe‡b kwdK wmwÏKx I Zvi fviZxq eëmvqx‡ìI †`Lv

†Mj bv|

Iiv Qq Rb gyw³‡hv×v

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†mB mKj gyw³‡hv×v 12 AvM÷, 1996 XvKvi cyivbv cë‡b GK êV‡K e‡m|

mvivw`b êVK P‡j| êV‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ÿgZvq Avmvq Zv‡K Ges

Zuvi miKvi‡K Kxfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv Kiv hvq GB wb‡q w`bfi Av‡jvPbv P‡j|

nvjyqvNvU Ges bvwjZvevwo _vbvi cÖL¨vZ gyw³‡hv×v ê`bv_ Ki Zuuvi e³„Zvq

†Kb Rvwb LyeB Av‡eMcÖeY n‡q ej‡Z jvMj, 71–Gi gnvb gyw³hy‡× hy×

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K‡iwQ| Avgv‡ì N‡i GKwU cyÎ mšÍvb n‡q‡Q| Avwg GLb GK weaev hyeZxi

m¦vgx Ges GK †Q‡ji wcZv| Avwg Avi fvj-g›` †Kv‡bv wKQy‡ZB RwoZ n‡Z

PvB bv| Avcbviv Ggb wKQy Ki‡eb hv‡Z Avgvi weaev ¯¿x Avevi 2q evi weaev

bv nq| Avgvi †Q‡j wcZ„nviv GwZg bv nq|

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07:00 Uvi mgq Avgvi Kv‡Q gyw³‡hv×v nv‡mgx gvmy` Rvwgj hy‡Mvj–Gi GKwU

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n‡jv Zviv gviv †M‡Q? GUv wK Am¤¢e K_v! wb‡R‡K GKUyLvwb mvg‡j wb‡q

ejjvg, wK ej‡Qb? wKfv‡e gviv †Mj?

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g‡b g‡b GKUv fvebv wQj; cÖavbgš¿x hw` Zuvi cÿ †_‡K mvšÍbv †`qvi

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175 176

nvwmbv Zuvi evevi g„Zyëvwl©Kx Dcj‡ÿ¨ e½eÜy cwil`–Gi Av‡jvPbv mfvq

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ivóªcwZ, cÖavbgš¿x w`‡q †`‡ki †Kv‡bv jvf n‡e? gvby‡li †Kv‡bv jvf n‡e ?

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†n Avjøvn&, Z ywg cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K wK GZB `xbnxb Ki‡j? GZ Kv½vj

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Avjøvn&, Zywg cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K gvby‡li Rb¨ ggZ¡‡ev‡ai mvg_© `vI|

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W±‡iU wWMÖx cvIqv

6B †deªyqvwi, 1997| hy³iv‡óªi †evób wek¦we`¨vjq cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv‡K W±i Ad j wWwMÖ cÖ`vb K‡i| GB W±‡iU wWwMÖ cÖ`v‡bi Av‡M, 1996

mv‡ji †kl cÖv‡šÍ A_©vr wW‡m¤¦‡ii †kl mßv‡n †evób wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †cÖwm‡W›U

Rb I‡qjwms evsjv‡`‡k G‡mwQ‡jb| Rb I‡qmwjs 4/5 (Pvi/cuvP) w`b

evsjv‡`k wQ‡jb| evsjv‡`‡k Ae ’vbKv‡j Rb I‡qmwjs 3 w`b wQ‡jb XvKvq

Ges 1w`b wQ‡jb †MvcvjM‡Ä| XvKvq Ae ’vbKv‡j Rb I‡qmwjs cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi miKvwi evmfeb MYfe‡bB _vK‡Zb| MYfeb †_‡KB Rb I‡qmwjs‡K

XvKvi wewfbœ RvqMvq wb‡q Nywi‡q wdwi‡q †`Lvb n‡Zv| avbgwÛ 32 b¤¦‡i

e½eÜy hv yNi, †mvn &ivIqv`x© D`¨vb, msm` feb, m¥„wZ‡mŠa BZ¨vw` RvqMvmg~n

†`Lvb n‡jv Ges HwZnvwmK ¸iæZ¡ e¨vL¨v K‡i Rb I‡qmwjs‡K †evSv‡bv n‡jv|

GKw`‡bi md‡i Uyw½cvovqI †bqv n‡jv| Uyw½cvovq †kL gywRei ingvb Gi

gvRvi †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| †MvcvjMÄ mvwK©U nvD‡m ivwÎ hvcb Kivi ciw`b Avevi

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A‡bK Dc‡UvKb wb‡q evsjv‡`k †_‡K P‡j †M‡jb| wKš‘ MYfeb †h cÖavbgš¿x

†kL nvwmbvi miKvwi evmfeb GUv †mb evey Rb I‡qmwjs‡K e‡jbwb| d‡j

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cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Avcbv‡K Avcbvi wcZvi wekvj ~‡M©i g‡Zv ˆcwÎK

evmfe‡b e›`x ivL‡jI Avcbvi D‡`¨vg‡K, Avcbvi †PZbv‡K `wg‡q ivL‡Z

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nvwmbvi miKvwi evmfeb MYfeb| GKgvÎ MYfebB wekvj ~‡M©i g‡Zv|

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cÖ_g Av‡gwiKv mdi

cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e †kL nvwmbv GB cÖ_g gvwK©b hy³ivóª md‡i hv‡”Qb|

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177 178

cÖavbgš¿x GZB AwZ mvaviY †h, wZwb wfwfAvBwc Uvigv‡K©i cwie‡Z© mvaviY

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Av‡iK dzdy‡Zv fvB‡qi †Q‡j Ges cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Pxd & wmwKDwiwU

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wb‡qwQ|

bwRe ejj, ZyB wegvb miv‡bvi †K ?

Avwg Pxd& wmwKDwiwU, Avgvi wb‡ ©‡k wegvb Pj‡e|

bvwmg ejj, Avgvi wb‡ ©‡k wegvb Pj‡e|

bwRe ejj, †`L& †ewk K_v ejwe bv Lvivc nBqv hvBe!

bvwmg ejj, Avwg wK †Zvgvi gvnv ZvgyK LvB †h, Avgv‡K Wi †`nvI!

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi evevi yB dzdv‡Zv fvB‡qi yB †Q‡j GwcGm

evnvDwÏb bvwmg Ges Pxd& wmwKDwiwU bwRe Avnv‡¤§` bwR‡ei ga¨Kvi SMovi

gy‡L wegvb KZ©„cÿ Amnv‡qi b¨vq uvwo‡q iBj| Ggwbfv‡e wgwbU c uwP‡kK

P‡j †Mj| Iw`‡K cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv wegv‡b IVvi Rb¨ wfwfAvB †ió iæg

†_‡K evB‡i G‡m uvwo‡q iB‡jb Ges ej‡jb, wK e¨vcvi Avgv‡K GL‡bv

wegv‡b Zyj‡Q bv †Kb?

yB PvPv‡Zv fvB bwRe–bvwm‡gi SMov _vgv‡bvi Rb¨ yB PvPv‡Zv fvB‡qi

PvB‡ZI A‡bK A‡bK †ewk ÿgZvai e¨w³, ej‡Z †M‡j ÿgZvi kx‡l©i

wZb/Pvi (3/4) b¤¦i e¨w³, whwb mPiviPi bwRe–bvwmg‡ì e¨vcv‡i n¯Í‡ÿc

K‡ib bv, wKš‘ hv‡K †`L‡j bwRe–bvwmg f‡q Ges †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y †bwZ‡q

c‡o, cvM‡ji g‡Zv UvKv-cqmvi w`‡K †QvUv Qvov Avi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv KvR †bB

hvi, wZwb cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi PvPv‡Zv fvB (†kL bv‡m‡ii eo †Q‡j) †kL

†njvj Ggwc G‡m Dcw ’Z n‡jv| bwRe–bvwmg f‡q Ges †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y

†bwZ‡q †Mj| †kL †njvj Ggwc ejj, cÖavbgš¿x uvwo‡q i‡q‡Q Avi GL‡bv

wegv‡bi eë¯’v nq bvB? hvb wfwfAvBwcÕ†Z wegvb jvMvb|

KZ©„cÿ wfwfAvBwc Uvigv‡K© wegvb †bqvi Rb¨ †gŠwLK wb‡ ©k w`‡j

wfwfAvBwc Avi c¨v‡mÄvi Uvigv‡K© evievi wegvb †bqv Ges Avbvi

cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Gevi wegv‡bi cvBjU wfwfAvBwc Ges c¨v‡mÄvi Uvigv‡K©i

gvSLv‡b wegvb †i‡L w`‡q KZ©„cÿ‡K ejj, Avgv‡K wjwLZ w`‡Z n‡e| wjwLZ

Qvov wegv‡bi PvKv GKeviI Nyi‡e bv|

Gevi wegvb KZ©„cÿ Av‡iv wecv‡K co‡jv| KZ„©cÿ wjwLZ †`qvi ci

cvBjU wfwfAvBwc Uvigv‡K© wegvb wb‡q †Mj| cÖavbgš¿x Av‡gwiKvi D‡Ï‡k¨

hvÎv ïiæ Ki‡jb| hwÌ G mg Í Kvi‡Y cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi hvÎv ïiæ

Ki‡Z N›Uv †`‡oK †`wi n‡jv Ges cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Am‡šÍvl cÖKvk

Ki‡jb| wKš‘ cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Kvi Dci Am‡šÍvl cÖKvk Ki‡jb Zv

†evSv †Mj bv|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K we`vq Rvbv‡Z Avmv mKj gš¿x, wZb evwnbx cÖavb,

D”P c` ’ mvgwiK-†emvgwiK Kg©KZ©v I wewkó bvMwiKMY hvÎv ïiæi GB

wej‡¤¦i mgq †fejvi g‡Zv uvwo‡q wQj| c‡ii w`b †`‡ki mg Í cÎ-cwÎKvq

bvbvb fvlvq cÖavbgš¿xi hvÎv ïiæ Ki‡Z wej‡¤¦i msev` cwi‡ek Kij| wKš‘

†Kb hvÎv wej¤¦ n‡jv, Zv †Kv‡bv cwÎKv‡ZB Rvbv †Mj bv| cÖKvk Kiv n‡jv

bv| ïay wej¤¦ n‡jv GUvB cÖKvk Kiv n‡jv| ïay ZvB bq, cÖKvwkZ GB msev‡ì

cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z mvsevw`K, Kjvg †jLK Av‡e` Lvb †fv‡ii KvM‡R ÒcÖavbgš¿xi

wbivcËv wK wewNœZ?ÓÕ wk‡ivbv‡g avivevwnKfv‡e m‡iRwg‡b Z`šÍ wjL‡jb|

Av‡e`b Lvb Zvi cÖwZ‡e`‡b wegv‡bi Af¨šÍ‡i ivRvKv‡ii mÜvb cvIqvmn

Av‡iv KZ wKQy †c‡jb| KZ wKQy wjL‡jb| wegvb cÖkvm‡bi i` e`j n‡jv|

179 180

wKš‘ cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi hvÎv wej‡¤¦i cÖK…Z KviY Av‡e`b Lv‡bi Kjv‡g

G‡jv bv|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Av‡gwiKv mdi K‡i hy³iv‡óªi †evób wek¦we`¨vjq

†_‡K ÒW±i Ad jÓ wWwMÖi mv‡_ Zuvi GKgvÎ †evb †kL †i‡nbv‡K mKj

wKQy‡Z (†cŠwÎK m~‡Î) A‡a©K fvM †`qvi cvKvcvwK eë¯’vi k‡Z© m‡½ wb‡q

G‡jb| fvM-ev‡Uvqviv wb‡q yB †ev‡bi Ø‡›ì Aemvb NwU‡q †kL †invbv

K¨vwkqv‡ii `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z evsjv‡`‡k Avevi wd‡i G‡jb| A_©vr cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi e¨w³MZ Znwe‡j hv wKQy Rgv n‡e Zvi me wKQyB †kL †invbvi nvZ

w`‡q n‡Z n‡e| GB k‡Z© †kL †invbv †`‡k wd‡i G‡jb|

hy× wegvb µq

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi K¨vwkqvi e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL †invbv Zvi m¦vgx kwdK

wmwÏKx‡K m‡½ wb‡q GK we‡K‡j cÖavbgš¿xi miKvwi evmfeb MYfe‡b G‡m

cÖavbgš¿x‡K ivwkqvi wgM–29 †evgviæ wegvb (hy× wegvb) µq Kivi civgk©

w`‡q ej‡jb, GB hy× wegvb µq Ki‡j DËi cvovi †jv‡KivI (XvKv

K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui ˆmwb‡Kiv) Lywk _vK‡e Ges Avgiv fvi‡Zi `vjvj bv GUvI

RbMY g‡b Ki‡e| Dcw ’Z †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, Lei`vi †bÎx,

(cÖavbgš¿x) GB KvR Ki‡eb bv| †`‡ki †KvwU †KvwU gvbyl †eKvi| hy× wegvb

µq bv K‡i †h UvKv w`‡q hy× wegvb µq Ki‡eb, †mB UvKv †eKvi‡ì

Kg©ms¯’v‡b eiv× K‡ib|

†kL †invbv I Zvi m¦vgx kwdK wmwÏKxi †Pnvivq †fZ‡i †fZ‡i cÖPÛ ivM

nIqvi Qvc dz‡U DVj| Ges cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, wegvb †Zv evwK‡Z

wKbe|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, hZB evwK‡Z wK‡bb, GB UvKv †Zv

G‡`k‡KB †kva Ki‡Z n‡e| †bÎx (cÖavbgš¿x) GKUv K_v †Lqvj ivL‡eb, hw`

†eKvi‡ì Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †`‡ki DbœwZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Zvn‡j

G‡`‡ki gvbyl ïay Avcbv‡KB bv, Avcbvi bvwZ-cywZ‡KI gv_vq K‡i ivL‡e|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL †invbv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡jb, †Zvgvi

mv‡_ wK GKUy GKvKx K_v ejv hv‡e ? bv †Zvgvi †jvKRb K_vi g‡a¨ euv-nvZ

w`‡ZB _vK‡e ?

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx evB‡i P‡j G‡jv|

K_v n‡jv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi †QvU †evb †kL †invbv I Zvi

m¦vgx kwdK wmwÏKx evsjv‡`‡ki g‡Zv GKwU `xbnxb `wi ª †`‡ki KY©avi n‡q

†Kb hy× wegvb µq K‡ib? fvi‡Zi mv‡_ hy× Kivi Rb¨? gb¯ÍvwZ¡Kfv‡e

(mvB‡KvjwRK¨vwj) †kL nvwmbv-†kL †invbv Ms‡qi wK KL‡bvB fvi‡Zi mv‡_

hy‡×i K_v wPšÍv Ki‡Z cv‡i? wbðqB bv| †kL cwievi KL‡bvB fvi‡Zi m‡½

hy‡×i K_v wPšÍv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| eis †kL nvwmbv-†kL †invbviv m`v me©`v

fviZ‡K Zv‡ì e¨w³MZ I cvwieviMZ AwffveKB g‡b K‡ib| Zviv me meB

fvi‡Zi ivRbxwZwe`‡ì we‡kl K‡i cwðg evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ emy‡K

wcZ„Zyj¨B g‡b K‡ib| fvi‡Zi mv‡_ hy× Ki‡eb bv| ZviciI hy× wegvb µq

K‡ib, inmÜv wK? Zvn‡j nvwmbv-†invbv Ms‡qiv Rv‡bb bv †h evsjv‡`k

c„w_exi g‡a¨ cÖvq mePvB‡Z Mwie †`k? G‡`‡ki gvby‡li w`‡b Ava‡cU Avnvi

†Rv‡U bv? e ¿ †bB, wkÿv †bB, evm ’vb †bB, Gme wK Zviv Rv‡bb bv? wbðqB

Rv‡bb| Zviv meB gv‡bb| Avevi GUvI wbwðZ †h, Avi hvB †nvK †kL

nvwmbv-†invbviv Zv‡ì AwffveK fvi‡Zi weiæ‡× hy× Kivi Rb¨ KL‡bvB hy×

wegvb µq Ki‡eb bv| Zvn‡j Zviv hy× wegvb µq K‡ib †Kb? GKUv K_v g‡b

ivL‡Z n‡e, †`‡ki cÖwZiÿv LvZ n‡”Q Ggb GKUv LvZ, †h Lv‡Zi e¨q (µq-

weµq) m¤ú‡K© gnvb RvZxq msm‡Ì †Kvb cÖkœ DÌvcb Kiv hv‡e bv| ivóªxq

wbivcËvRwbZ Kvi‡YB cÖwZiÿv e¨vq m¤ú‡K© †Kv_vqI †Kv‡bv cÖkœ †Zvjv hv‡e

bv| ïay Avgv‡ì †`‡kB bq| Ab¨vb¨ †`‡kI GKB wbqg| †m Rb¨B fvi‡Zi

cÖqvZ cÖavbgš¿x ivwRe MvwÜi †ev‡dvm© †K‡j¼vwi‡Z ¯úó RwoZ _vKv m‡Ë¡I

fvi‡Zi cvj©v‡g‡›U G wb‡q †Zgb nB-û‡jøvo nqwb| GB cÖwZiÿv LvZ †_‡KB

eZ©gvb we‡k¦ mePvB‡Z †ewk ybx©wZ n‡”Q| cÖwZiÿv e¨‡qi †h‡nZz †Kvb

Revew`wnZv †bB, †m‡nZy G Lv‡ZB ybx©wZ Kiv ev Kwgkb †bqv AZxe mnR|

cÖkœ n‡”Q, fvi‡Zi weiæ‡× hy× Kiv n‡e bv, Z_vwc †kL nvwmbv-†kL †invbv Ms

eZ©gv‡b hy‡× AKvh©Ki cyi‡bv †m‡K‡j ivwkqvb wgM–29 hy× wegvb †Kb µq

K‡ib? Gi DËi – ïay Kwgkb| ïay Kwgkb cvIqvi Rb¨B GB AZ¨vaywbK hy‡M

AZ¨vaywbK Kvh©Ki Rw½ wegv‡bi cwie‡Z©, AKvh©Ki †m‡Kj cyiv‡bv aŸRv fv½v

†evgviæ wegvb µq K‡ib| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi K¨vwkqvi †kL

†invbv GB iK‡gi GKwU wWªj–G Kg K‡i n‡jI kZ kZ †KvwU UvKv †c‡q

_v‡Kb|

Kv‡ì wmwÏKx ebvg †kL nvwmbv

†`‡ki gvwU‡Z †_‡K GKgvÎ whwb Kv‡ìxqv evwnbx bv‡g wekvj GK

gyw³evwnbx M‡o Zy‡jwQ‡jb, e„nËi Uv½vBj †Rjv, e„nËi gqgbwmsn †Rjv Ges

e„nËi cvebv †Rjvi AwaKvsk AÂj wZwb wb‡Ri `L‡j I wbqš¿‡Y †i‡L m„wó

181 182

K‡iwQ‡jb m¦vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki gy³ AÂj| †`k Z¨vM K‡i fvi‡Z bv wM‡q

e„nËi Uv½vBj, gqgbwmsn, cvebv BZ¨vw` AÂj Ry‡o M‡o †Zvjv n‡qwQj

m¦vaxb evsjv‡`k| GB m¦vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki nvbv`vigy³ AÂ‡j cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi

evwnbx KL‡bvB XyK‡Z cv‡iwb| cvwK¯Ívwb Lvb †mbviv hLbB gy³vÂ‡j cÖ‡e‡ki

†Póv K‡i‡Q, ZLbB cÖPÐ gvi †L‡q †diZ G‡m‡Q| GB gy³vÂ‡j gyw³evwnbxi

cvkvcvwk M‡o †Zvjv n‡qwQj m¦vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki †emvgwiK cÖkvmb| GLv‡b

hy‡×i mv‡_ PjZ ivRm¦ (LvRbv †U·) Av`vq| wb‡qvM †`qv n‡Zv ivR Kg©Pvix

(†PŠwK`vi, `dv`vi, Znwkj`vi, GmwWI) I Kg©KZ©v‡ì| M‡o †Zvjv n‡qwQj

wePvi wefvM, mvs¯K…wZK wefvM| ïay evsjv‡`‡kiB bq, mviv we‡k¦i gyw³hy‡×i

BwZnv‡m Ggb bwRi Lyu‡R cvIqv hv‡e bv| gyw³hy‡×i wek¦ BwZnv‡m bwRiwenxb

BwZnvm m„wó K‡iwQ‡jb whwb, wZwb n‡jb gyw³hy‡×i wKse`wšÍi bvqK e½exi

Avãyj Kv‡ì wmwÏKx (exi DËg)| gyw³hy‡×i mgq †jv‡K hv‡K evNv wmwÏKx

e‡j RvbZ| huvi bvg ïb‡j cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi †Rbv‡ij‡ì ch©šÍ AvZ¥vivg

LuvPv n‡q †hZ|

1975 mv‡ji 15B AvM÷ †kL nvwmbvi wcZv †kL gywRei ingvb‡K

mcwiev‡i nZ¨v Ki‡j GKgvÎ e½exi Avãyj Kv‡ì wmwÏKxB H nZ¨vi cÖwZev`

K‡ib| †kL gywRe nZ¨vi ci Kv‡ì wmwÏKx wb‡R‡K †kL gywR‡ei PZy_© cyÎ

`vwe K‡i, 71–Gi b¨vq cybivq hy× ïiæ K‡ib| GB hy× wQj Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi

Rxe‡b Ges evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK BwZnv‡m mePvB‡Z eo ivR‰bwZK fyj|

GB hy‡× Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi m‡½ RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY †Zv ~‡ii K_v, mvgvb¨Zg

mg_©bI wQj bv| 1975–Gi 15B AvM÷ †kL gywRe nZ¨vKvÐ‡K RbMY mg_©b

K‡iwQj wK bv hwÌ GUv M‡elYvi welq, Z_vwc GUv wbwðZ ejv hvq H

nZ¨vKvÐ RbMY wbi‡e MÖnY K‡iwQj| †m Rb¨B †kL gywRe nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡`

Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi wØZxqevi hy× RbMY cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Q| †kL gywRe nZ¨vi

cÖwZev` hy‡× RbMY mvwgj †Zv nqB wb, eis †h nvRvi wZ‡bK †hv×v Kv‡ì

wmwÏKxi mv‡_ hy‡× Ask wb‡qwQj, RbMY Zv‡ì evsjv‡`k miKvi I

†mbvevwnbxi Kv‡Q awi‡q w`‡Z †P‡qwQj| H hy× n‡q uvwo‡qwQj †kL gywRe

nZ¨v cieZx© evsjv‡`k miKvi Ges evsjv‡`‡ki Avcvgi RbM‡Yi weiæ‡×|

d‡j Õ71–Gi gnvb gyw³hy‡× e½exi Avãyj Kv‡ì wmwÏKx weRqx n‡jI,

75–Gi †kL gywRe nZ¨vi cÖwZev` hy‡× Kv‡ì wmwÏKx Ges Zvi evwnbx

†kvPbxqfv‡e civRq eiY K‡i| hy‡× civwRZ n‡q Kv‡ì wmwÏKx wbe©vm‡b

fvi‡Z P‡j †M‡j †kL gywRe Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Zv‡K a‡g©i fvB Wv‡Kb| †mB

†_‡KB Zv‡ì a‡g©i fvB-†ev‡bi m¤úK© GZB Mfxi wQj †h, Kv‡ì wmwÏKx

gvsm †L‡Zb bv weavq †kL nvwmbv B‡jKwUªK wnUvi Ges gvQ wK‡b Kv‡ì

wmwÏKx †h †nv‡U‡j _vK‡Zb †mLv‡b wM‡q wb‡R ivbœv K‡i Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K

LvIqv‡Zb| †kL nvwmbv cÖKv‡k¨B ej‡Zb GKgvÎ Kv‡ì wmwÏKx Qvov

c„w_ex‡Z Zvi Avi †KD †bB Ges Kv‡ì wmwÏKxB Zvi wcZv †kL gywR‡ei

GKgvÎ DËim~ix| †kL nvwmbv ej‡Zb mviv Rxeb Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi wS-

PvKivYxi KvR K‡iI Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi FY wZwb †kva Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv|

1981 mv‡ji 17B †g †kL nvwmbv fviZ †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i Avmvi

cÖv°v‡j KjKvZv `g`g wegvbe›`‡i e‡jb, †`‡k wd‡i Zuvi GKgvÎ KvR n‡e

e½eÜyi DËimyix Zuvi a‡g©i fvB Kv‡ì wmwÏKx I Zuvi †jvKRb‡K †`‡k

wdwi‡q †bqvi eë ’v Kiv| wKš‘ †`‡k wd‡i G‡m †kL nvwmbv Zuvi a‡g©i fvB

†kL gywR‡ei DËim~ix Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi Kvh©Ki †Kv‡bv eë¯’v bv

wb‡j e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi mnawg©Yx bvmwib wmwÏKx Òe½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKx

exiDËg m¦‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©b msMÖvg cwil`ÕÕ bv‡g GKwU bZyb msMVb K‡i AZ¨šÍ

†hvM¨Zv I `ÿZvi mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki Avbv‡P-Kvbv‡P SwUKv md‡i K‡i Kv‡ì

wmwÏKx‡K †`‡k wdwi‡q Avbvi c‡ÿ e¨vcK RbgZ m„wó Ki‡j †kL nvwmbv

GUv‡K fvj „wó‡Z bv †`‡L P¨v‡jÄ wn‡m‡e g‡b K‡ib Ges bvmwib wmwÏKx I

H msMVb‡K Kz „wó‡Z †`L‡Z _v‡Kb| †kL nvwmbv cÖKv‡k¨ wKQy bv ej‡jI

†fZ‡i †fZ‡i Zvi msMVb AvIqvgx jxM‡K Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi H msMV‡bi mv‡_

m¤úK© bv ivLvi Ges we‡ivwaZv Kivi wb‡ ©k †`b|

1990 mv‡j Zxeª MY Av‡›`vj‡b mvgwiK ˆm¦ivPvi †Rbv‡ij ûmvBb gynv¤§`

Gikv`–Gi cZb n‡j 16B wWm¤¦i gnvb weRq wè‡m †kL gywR‡ei PZy_©

cy‡Îi `vwe`vi †kL nvwmbvi a‡g©i fvB, e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKx (exi DËg)

evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i Avmvi P~ovšÍ wm×všÍ I cÖ ÍywZ †bb Ges h_vixwZ †kL nvwmbvi

mv‡_ †Uwj‡dv‡b Kv‡ì wmwÏKx Zuvi m¦‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡j

†kL nvwmbv mivmwi Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi m¦‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi we‡ivwaZv K‡ib|

GiciI Kv‡ì wmwÏKx m¦‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©‡b „p _vK‡j †kL nvwmbv Zuvi `j

AvIqvgx jxM‡K Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi m¦‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©b Kg©m~Px fÐzj (m¨v‡evUvR)

Kivi wb‡ ©k †`b|

16B wW‡m¤¦i gnvb weRq wè‡m e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKx (exi DËg) m¦‡`k

cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡j wRqv AvšÍR©vwZK wegvb e›`‡i jÿ jÿ gvbyl Zv‡K msea©bv

w`‡jI †kL nvwmbvmn AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †Kv‡bv †bZvKg©x H msea©bvq †hvM`vb

183 184

K‡ibwb Ges GLvb †_‡KB †kL gywR‡ei PZy_© cy‡Îi `vwe`vi, †kL nvwmbvi

a‡g©i fvB, Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi mv‡_ †kL nvwmbvi cÖKvk¨ we‡iva ïiæ nq| Gici

†_‡K †kL nvwmbv Zvi a‡g©i fvB Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K GK gyn~Z©I mn¨ Ki‡Z

cvi‡Zb bv| †kL nvwmbv cÖKv‡k¨B ej‡Zb Avwg AvwQ e‡jB Kv‡ì wmwÏKx

Av‡Q| Avwg bv _vK‡j Kv‡ì wmwÏKxI _vK‡e bv| Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi Ae ’v n‡e

fvi‡Zi cÖqvZ cÖavbgš¿x Bw›ìv MvÜxi cyÎ mÄq MvÜxi ¯¿x †gbKv MvÜxi g‡Zv|

hZÿY Bw›ìv MvÜx wQj, †gbKv MvÜxI ZZÿY wQj| GLb Bw›ìv MvÜxI bvB,

Avi †gbKv MvÜxiI Lei bvB| Avwg bv _vK‡j Kv‡ì wmwÏKxiI H Ae¯’v

n‡e| †Kvb Lei _vK‡e bv|

Avi Kv‡ì wmwÏKxI gvkAvjøvn KL‡bvB †kL nvwmbv‡K †bÎx e‡j gvb‡jb

bv, m¦xKvi Ki‡jb bv| Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi H GKB K_v, †kL nvwmbv Avgvi †evb,

Avwg †kL nvwmbvi a‡g©i fvB, AvwgB †kL gywR‡ei ivR‰bwZK DËim~ix|

bvbvwea Kvi‡Y we‡klZt †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡YB †kL nvwmbv Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K

AvIqvgxjx‡M iv‡Lb, AvIqvgxjx‡Mi Ggwc evbvb| Kv‡ì wmwÏKxI GKB

Kvi‡Y AvIqvgx jx‡M _v‡Kb, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ggwc nb| †kL nvwmbvi fvebv

n‡jv Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K AvIqvgx jxM †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wKQy

ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov Kv‡ì wmwÏKxI cÖKv‡k¨ mivmwi D‡V c‡o Zuvi (†kL

nvwmbvi) †bZ„‡Z¡i we‡ivwaZvq wjß n‡q co‡e| Zvi‡P‡q wb‡Ri ˆcwÎK `j

AvIqvgx jx‡M †i‡LB Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K cwiPq w`‡Z n‡e| Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K

cuwP‡q †`qvi jÿ¨ wb‡qB †kL nvwmbv Kv‡ì wmwÏKx‡K AvIqvgx jx‡M

†i‡L‡Qb| Kv‡ì wmwÏKxI AvcvZZ wbi‡e AvIqvgx jx‡M Ae ’vb Kivi

†KŠkjMZ Ae ’vb wb‡q‡Qb| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †nq Kiv I ivR‰bwZK

cÖwZwnsmv PwiZv_© Kivi Rb¨ Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi evwo‡Z cywjk cvVv‡bvi cwiKíbv

Ki‡j †gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx Gi we‡ivwaZv K‡i e‡jb, mvgvb¨Zg

K…ZÁZv‡eva _vK‡j Avcwb GUv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| fy‡j hv‡eb bv, Avcbvi

wcZv-gvZv-fvB‡ì †g‡i hLb wmuwo‡Z jvk †d‡j †i‡LwQj, ZLb mviv

c„w_ex‡Z GKgvÎ Kv‡ì wmwÏKx Qvov Ab¨ Avi †KD Gi cÖwZev` K‡iwb| Avi

AvR Avcwb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q Zvi evwo‡Z cywjk cvVv‡j Zv n‡e Pig AK…ZÁZvi

KvR| Avcwb GZ eo AK…Z‡Ái KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Ii (Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi) fvB‡qiv mš¿vmx| Ii

fvB‡ì aivi Rb¨ Ii evwo‡Z cywjk hv‡e|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi fvB gyiv` wmwÏKx I AvRv`

wmwÏKx mš¿vmxB †nvK Avi hvB †nvK, Zviv Avcbvi Avg‡j †Kvb mš¿vm K‡iwb,

†Kvb Aciva K‡iwb|

AZ¨šÍ yÕw`©‡b hLb Avcbvi wcZv-gvZv wbnZ n‡qwQ‡jb, Kv‡ì wmwÏKx,

jwZd wmwÏKx †`‡ki evB‡i wbe©vm‡b wQ‡jb| †kL gywRe Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

bvg †bqvi †Kv‡bv †jvK wQj bv| ZLb wb`viæY êix cwi‡e‡k gyiv` wmwÏKx I

AvRv` wmwÏKx GB yB fvB Uv½vB‡ji gvwU‡Z †kL gywRe I AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

bvg †bqvi Rb¨ hyeK‡ì msMwVZ Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Ges †kL gywRe I AvIqvgx

jxM we‡ivax cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ msN‡l© wjß n‡Z n‡Z GK ch©v‡q mš¿vmx‡ì LvZvq

bvg P‡j hvq Ges eû gvgjv Zv‡ì weiæ‡× nq| †h‡nZy cÖkvmb ybx©wZ civqY,

ZvB K‡Vvi eë ’v bv wb‡q cÖkvmb G‡ì mv‡_ fvMvfvwM‡Z P‡j hvq| ZvQvov

AvRv`–gyiv` GLb Avi †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Aciv‡ai mv‡_ hy³ bq| Gme †Kv‡bv

wKQyB Avcbvi ARvbv bq| Avcwb meB fvjfv‡e Rv‡bb| Avcbvi kvmbvg‡j

Iiv †Kv‡bv ai‡bi †eAvBwb Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ _vK‡j †Mªßvi K‡i †R‡j

cvwV‡q †`qvi K‡Vvi ûwkqvwi w`‡q Zv‡ì mZK© K‡i †`b|

cÖavbgš¿x ej‡jb, bv, Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi evwo‡ZB cywjk cvwV‡q I‡ì ai‡Z

n‡e|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, ïaygvÎ †nq Kivi Rb¨ hw` Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi

evwo‡Z cywjk cvVvb, Zvn‡j c„w_ex‡Z K…ZÁZv e‡j wKQy _vK‡e bv|

ivóªxq Kv‡R Zywg evav w`‡Z cvi bv, µz×m¦‡i GB K_v e‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv †eWiæ‡g P‡j †M‡jb Ges wVKB Kv‡ì wmwÏKxi evwo‡Z cywjk

cvVv‡jb|

wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì ivóªcwZ nIqv

23†k Ryb, 1996 cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e kc_ †bqvi Av‡M †_‡KB e½eÜy Kb¨v

†kL nvwmbv Zvi `‡ji GKRb‡K bZyb ivóªcwZ Kiv wb‡q †ek wecv‡K c‡o

†M‡jb| `‡ji †h †Kv‡bv †bZv‡KB wZwb ivóªcwZ nIqvi cÖ Íve K‡ib †mB

†bZvB †Ku‡` †d‡jb| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †bZv Avevi mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi cv

Rwo‡q a‡i †`‡ki bZyb ivóªcwZ nIqv †_‡K gyw³ Pvb| GB Ae ’vq gwZq~i

ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv) mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i mv‡eK cÖavb

wePvicwZ, 1990 mv‡ji ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii ivóªcwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv¤§`‡K

bZyb ivóªcwZ Kivi Rb¨ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K GB e‡j civgk© †`q †h,

185 186

†KDB hLb ivóªcwZ n‡Z B”QyK bb, ZLb wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§`‡KB

bZyb ivóªcwZ K‡ib| mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§`–Gi GKUv

RbwcÖqZv Av‡Q, MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv Av‡Q| Zv‡K ivóªcwZ Ki‡j Avcbvi (†kL

nvwmbvi) RbwcÖqZv Av‡iv e„w× cv‡e|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, bv, mvnveywÏb‡K ivóªcwZ Kiv hv‡e bv|

KviY Avwg (†kL nvwmbv) hLb 1991 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi ci e‡jwQjvg wbe©vP‡b

myÿ¥ KviPywc n‡q‡Q, ZLb mvnveywÏb ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii ivóªcwZ wn‡m‡e

Lv‡j`v wRqvi mv‡_ myi wgwj‡q e‡jwQj wbe©vPb m¤ú~Y© myôz I wbi‡cÿ n‡q‡Q|

GBUv †Kv‡bv wePvicwZ n‡jv? GBUv‡K ivóªcwZ Kie bv|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv cÖ_‡g wRjøyi ingvb‡K ivóªcwZ nIqvi cÖ Íve

Ki‡jb| wRjøyi ingvb ej‡jb, †bÎx Avgv‡K `qv K‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

†Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi evwb‡q‡Qb| GLb hw` `qv K‡i Avgv‡K ivóªxq †Kv‡bv

Gw·wKDwUf (wbe©vnx) c‡` bv †`b, Zvn‡j `‡ji †m‡µUvwi wn‡m‡e Avgvi

†Kv‡bv ¸iæZ¡B _v‡K bv| †Kv‡bv g~j¨B _v‡K bv| Avgv‡K `qv K‡i ivóªcwZ bv

evwb‡q Avcbvi KvQvKvwQ GKUv gš¿Yvjq †`b, hv‡Z Avwg me mgq Avgvi Kv‡Q

_vK‡Z cvwi|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Gici †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ mvjvDwÏb BDmyd‡K

ivóªcwZ nIqvi cÖ Íve Ki‡j mvjvDwÏb BDmyd e‡jb, †bÎx, Avgvi m¦v¯’¨ fv‡jv

bv|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, †ek †Zv ivóªcwZ nb| ivóªcwZi †Kv‡bv

KvgKvR †bB, ïay e‡m e‡m miKvwi Li‡P Avivg-Av‡qk Ki‡eb|

G K_v ï‡b mvjvDwÏb BDmyd †mvRv e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cv Rwo‡q

a‡i e‡jb, †bÎx Avgvi GjvKvi RbM‡Yi wKQy my‡hvM †`b|

GB my‡hv‡M gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv)

mv‡eK ivóªcwZ I wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§`‡K bZyb ivóªcwZ Kivi Rb¨

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K cybivq Pvc w`‡Z _v‡K| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

Gici †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨ eZ©gvb ciivóª gš¿x Avãym mvgv` AvRv`‡K ivóªcwZ

nIqvi cÖ Íve Ki‡j Avãym mvgv` AvRv` e‡jb, †bÎx Avgv‡K ing K‡ib, `qv

K‡i Avgv‡K †kl eq‡m evwZj Ki‡eb bv| Avwg e½eÜyi d‡ib wgwbóvi

(ciivóªgš¿x) wQjvg| Avgv‡K KvR Kivi my‡hvM †`b| Avwg †`wL‡q †`‡ev

e½eÜyi gš¿x‡ì KZ †hvM¨Zv wQj|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ivóªcwZ Kivi Rb¨ KvD‡KB Lyu‡R cv‡”Qb bv|

A_©vr hv‡KB ivóªcwZ Ki‡Z Pvb wZwbB gvd †P‡q cvwj‡q hvb| Ggwb mg‡q

G‡m Dcw ’Z n‡jb 1991 mv‡ji AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ivóªcwZ cÖv_x© eZ©gv‡b

avbgwÛ–†gvnv¤§`cyi Gi AvIqvgx jxM Ggwc nvRx gKeyj †nv‡mb| nvRx

gKeyj †nv‡mb GgwcÕi e³e¨ n‡jv Avwg 1991 mv‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ivóªcwZ

cÖv_x© wQjvg| AvcwbB (†kL nvwmbv) Avgv‡K ivóªcwZ cÖv_x© K‡iwQ‡jb| GLb

†KD ivóªcwZ n‡Z Pv‡”Qb bv hLb, ZLb Avgv‡KB ivóªcwZ K‡ib| bB‡j gš¿x

K‡ib| wKQy GKUv K‡ib|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, bv Avcbv‡K wKQyB Kiv n‡e bv| g‡b

†bB, 1991–G Avgvi weiæ×vPviY K‡iwQ‡jb| Avgvi m¤ú‡K© bvbv K_v cÖKvk

K‡iwQ‡jb| Avcbv‡K wKQyB Kiv n‡e bv| Ggwc K‡iwQ GUvB h‡_ó|

GB cwiw ’wZ 21†k Ryb, 1996 gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i

ingvb †i›Uy e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K eySv‡jb ivóªcwZi †Zv e‡m e‡m

Avivg-Av‡qk Kiv Avi Puv` †`Lv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv KvR †bB| ivóªcwZi nv‡Z

†Kv‡bv wbe©vnx ÿgZv †bB| gš¿xkvwmZ miKv‡i ivóªcwZ n‡jv bv‡Pi cyZyj|

†hfv‡e Avcwb bvPv‡eb †mfv‡eB ivóªcwZ‡K bvP‡Z n‡e| GB my‡hvM Avcwb

nvZQvov Ki‡eb †Kb? mv‡eK ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§`‡K bZyb

ivóªcwZ evwb‡q Av‡iKUv evnev †Kb †b‡eb bv? evnev †bqvi my‡hvM P‡j †M‡j

wKš‘ Avi evnev wb‡Z cvi‡eb bv|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ZLb e‡jb, wVK Av‡Q, Zvn‡j mvnveywÏb‡KB

ivóªcwZ Kwi| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv 23†k Ryb cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e kc_ wb‡q

e½feb †_‡K cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e mv‡eK ivóªcwZ wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§`

Gi evmvq wM‡q Zv‡K bZyb ivóªcwZ nIqvi cÖ Íve K‡ib Ges ivóªcwZ Avãyi

ingvb wek¦v‡mi †gqv` †kl nIqvi ci mv‡eK ivóªcwZ I wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb

Avnv‡¤§`‡K bZyb ivóªcwZ wbe©vwPZ K‡ib|

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi weiæ‡× gvgjv

1996 mv‡ji b‡f¤¦i gv‡mi 1g mßv‡ni GK we‡K‡j, cÖavgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi miKvwi evmfeb MYfe‡bi wbPZjvq c~e© w`‡Ki 2bs Wªwqsiæ‡g

cÖavbgš¿x Ges Zvi AvZ¥xq-m¦Rb wg‡j Mí¸Re Ki‡Qb| †kL †invbv Ges Zvi

m¦vgx kwdK wmwÏKx, PvPv‡Zv †evb jybv, wgbv Giv mevB cywj‡ki mve-BÝ‡c±i

c‡` PvKwi †`qvi Awf‡hv‡M mv‡eK cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi weiæ‡×

gvgjv †`qvi Rb¨ cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K kjv-civgk© †`q|

187 188

A_©vr 1991 mv‡j ÿgZvq G‡m †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv Ges Zuvi m¦ivóªgš¿x

Avãyj gwZb †PŠayix bvwK Zv‡ì cQ›` g‡Zv 745 Rb‡K evsjv‡`k cywjk

evwnbx‡Z mve-BÝ‡c±i c‡` PvKwi w`‡q‡Q| Avi GB Awf‡hv‡M †eMg wRqv I

gwZb †PŠayixi weiæ‡× m¦RbcÖxwZ I ~bx©wZi gvgjv `v‡qi Ki‡Z ybx©wZ `gb

ey¨‡iv‡K wb‡ ©k †`qvi Rb¨ cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K DwjøwLZ AvZ¥xq-m¦R‡biv

wcovwcwo Ki‡Z _vK‡j gwZqvi ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy

(gqbv) cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvmn Zvi AvZ¥xq‡ì eywS‡q e‡jb †h, mv‡eK

cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv‡ì bv LyuwP‡q eis Zvu‡ì gv_vq nvZ eywj‡q †Póv

K‡i †`‡Lb, †`‡ki DbœwZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib wK bv| hw` GKevi †Kv‡bvg‡Z †`k

MVb Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Zvn‡j †`L‡eb ïay Avcbv‡KB bv, Avcbvi bvwZ-cywZ‡KB

G‡`‡ki gvbyl gv_vq K‡i ivL‡e| weGbwc I †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv‡K †nv÷vBj

K‡i Avcwb †`k Mo‡Z cvi‡eb bv| Avevi Avcbv‡K Ges AvIqvgx jxM‡K ev`

w`‡q †KD †`k Mo‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avcwb Ges Lv‡j`v wRqv GB yB kw³i HK¨

Qvov wKQy‡ZB †`‡ki g½j Kiv hv‡e bv, †`‡ki Dbœqb Kiv hv‡e bv| we‡f`,

A‰bK¨, kÎæZv cwiZ¨vM K‡i eÜy‡Z¡i nvZ evwo‡q †`b| †eMg wRqv Avcbvi

Av‡Mi cÖavbgš¿x, Zv‡K (†eMg wRqv‡K) eo †evb †W‡K ey‡K †U‡b wb‡q, †`‡ki

Dbœq‡bi †Póv K‡ib| Zv‡Z AvcbviB jvf n‡e A‡bK †ewk| gvgjv Ki‡j

Avcbvi (cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi) ÿwZ n‡e, †`‡ki ÿwZ n‡e| cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv ej‡jb, Zywg Rv‡bv bv, Lv‡j`v wRqv QvÎ`j Avi hye`‡ji †jvK‡ì

cywj‡k PvKwi w`‡q‡Q|

gwZqvi ingyvb †i›Uy ejj, GUv AvswkK mZ¨| Avmj mZ¨ n‡jv UvKv w`‡q

Giv cywj‡k PvKwi wb‡q‡Q| Zvici hw` a‡i †bB PvKwi cvIqv mK‡jB QvÎ`j,

hye`‡ji †jvK, ZeyI †Zv Zviv G‡`‡kiB gvbyl| †eMg wRqv 745 Rb‡K PvKwi

w`‡q‡Q| †mB c_ a‡i Avcwb (†kL nvwmbv) QvÎjxM-hye jx‡Mi 7,000/- (mvZ

nvRvi) Rb‡K PvKwi †`b| wKš‘ gvgjv Ki‡eb bv| gvgjvq †Kv‡bv dj n‡e

bv| gvgjv Ki‡j eis Avcwb †QvU n‡q hv‡eb|

me Kv‡RB †Zvgv‡ì evav, †Zvgv‡ì AvcwË| G K_v e‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv Dc‡i Zvi kqbK‡ÿ P‡j †M‡jb Ges cÖavbgš¿xi †QvU †evb †kL

†invbv, Zuvi m¦vgx kwdK wmwÏKx Ges Zv‡ì PvPx I PvPv‡Zv †ev‡biv gwZq ~i

ingvb †i›Uy Ges wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv)Õ†K fxlY wZi¯‹vi Kij|

c‡i wVKB cywj‡ki GB PvKwi †`qv‡K m¦RbcÖxwZ I ~bx©wZ AvL¨vwqZ K‡i

~bx©wZ `gb ey¨v‡iv 1996 mv‡ji 21†k wW‡m¤¦i cÖv³b cÖavbgš¿x †eMg Lv‡j`v

wRqv I cÖv³b m¦ivóªgš¿x Avãyj gwZb †PŠayixi weiæ‡× GKwU gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i|

M½v I cve©Z¨ PÆMªvg Ges UªvbwRU Pyw³

fvi‡Zi cwðg evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ emy 1996 mv‡ji †k‡li w`‡K

evsjv‡`k md‡i G‡jb| gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ emy evsjv‡`‡ki G‡mB mivmwi

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi miKvwi evmfeb MYfe‡b P‡j G‡jb| cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi †h KqRb fviZxq AwffveK Av‡Qb, cwðg evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ

emy Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| ïay Ab¨ZgB bq, †kL nvwmbv cwiev‡ii fviZxq

AwffveK‡ì g‡a¨ †R¨vwZ emy mevi kx‡l©|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ges †kL †invbv mcwiev‡i hLb fvi‡Z wQ‡jb,

ZLb fviZxq gyieŸx ev AwffveK‡ì g‡a¨ †R¨vwZ emyi mvwbœa¨ I †mœn

†c‡q‡Qb mePvB‡Z †ewk| †R¨vwZ emy wcZ„Zyj¨, †mœn-ggZv I mvwbœa¨ w`‡q M‡o

Zy‡j‡Qb †kL nvwmbv I †kL †invbv‡K| 1981 mv‡ji 17B †g evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i

Avmvi ci †kL nvwmbv hZevi fviZ wM‡q‡Qb (cÖwZ eQi 3/4 evi †Zv

†h‡ZbB), g~jZt g~L¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ emyi mv‡_ kjv-civg‡k©i Rb¨B wM‡q‡Qb|

†R¨vwZ emy‡ì eû mvabvi dmj AvR †kL nvwmbv evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x|

fvi‡Zi cwðg evsjv iv‡Rï †mB gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ emy AvR G‡m‡Qb

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi evmfeb MYf‡eb| MYfe‡bi N‡i XyK‡ZB

Av‡M †_‡KB cÖ ÍyZ n‡q _vKv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †`Š‡o G‡m †R¨vwZ emyi

cv‡q c‡o cà~wj wb‡jb| `xN©w`b ci wcZv N‡i G‡j bvevwjKv Kb¨v †hfv‡e

Qy‡U G‡m wcZvi cv‡q a‡i, wVK †mB fv‡e cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †R¨vwZ eveyi

cv‡q co‡jb| AZtci †`vZjvi Lvm Kvgovq wb‡q emv‡jb Ges Av‡M †_‡K

ˆZwi K‡i ivLv bvbv ai‡bi Lvevi, cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv wb‡RB cwi‡ekb K‡i

†R¨vwZ KvKv‡K LvIqv‡Z jvM‡jb| †R¨vwZ KvKv †L‡Z †L‡Z cvwievwiK,

ivR‰bwZK Ges fviZ–evsjv‡`‡ki wØcvwÿZ wel‡q K_v ej‡Z _vK‡jb| GK

ch©v‡q †R¨vwZ evey ej‡jb, †`‡Lv gv, M½vi RjUj wKQy cv‡e bv| AvwgB cvB

bv, Avi Zywg Kxfv‡e cv‡e?

Avwg cÖavbgš¿x †è †`Šo Gi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i †i‡LwQ, Zywg M½v Pyw³

K‡i †d‡jv| Zv‡Z K‡i Zywg Rj bv †c‡jI, †Zvgvi we‡ivaxiv M½vi Rj, M½vi

Rj e‡j ivR‰bwZK Bmy¨ Avi ˆZwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| GB myweavUv Zywg †c‡q

hv‡e| 20/30 (wek-wÎk) erm‡ii GKUv Pyw³ K‡i †`‡ev| Zywg Avevi cÖ_‡gB

20/30 eQi Gi K_v ej‡Z †h‡qv bv| Zywg ej‡e 5 (cuvP) eQi †gqv‡ì

M½vPyw³ Ki‡Z hv”Q| †Zvgvi we‡ivwaiv GB 5 (cuvP) eQi †gqv` wb‡q wPjøvcvjøv

Ki‡Z _vK‡e, c‡i Avwg 20/30 (wek/wÎk) eQi †gqv‡ì Pyw³ K‡i †`‡ev|

189 190

†K› ªxq cÖavbgš¿x I Rjgš¿xi mv‡_ Avgvi G iKgB K_v n‡q‡Q| Zywg Gfv‡eB

KvR Pvwj‡q hvI| Avi GKUv K_v gv, cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi DcRvZxq‡ì mv‡_ Zywg

mnmv GKUv Pyw³ K‡i †dj‡e| I‡ì †iwfwbD (LvRbv-U¨v·) I‡ì _vK‡e,

I‡ì Kg©Pvwi I‡ì _vK‡e| ILv‡b KL‡bv wKQy Zywg (miKvi) Ki‡Z PvB‡j

DcRvZxq‡ì AbygwZ wb‡q Ki‡e| GUv Avwg †K› ªxq cÖavbgš¿x, m¦ivóªgš¿x,

cÖwZiÿvgš¿x Ges cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi DcRvZxq †bZv‡ì K_v w`‡qwQ| h_vwkNª

m¤¢e Zywg cve©Z¨ DcRvZxq‡ì mv‡_ GB Pyw³ m¤úv`b Ki‡e| GB Pyw³i bvg

†`‡e kvwšÍ Pyw³|

G‡Z †ZvgviI jvf n‡e| Zywg cÖPvi Ki‡e `xN©w`‡bi hy× jovB Avi

AkvwšÍ ~i K‡i kvwšÍ Pyw³ K‡iQ| mviv ywbqvq †Zvgvi c‡ÿ kvwšÍ kvwšÍ ie

DV‡e| †Zvgvi bv‡g evnev Pj‡e| ejv hvq bv, Zywg †bv‡ej cyi¯‹viI †c‡q

†h‡Z cvi|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv my‡eva evwjKvi g‡Zv ïay wR¡ KvKv, wR¡

KvKv, ej‡Z jvM‡jb|

†R¨vwZ KvKv ej‡jb, Avi GKUv jvf †Zvgvi n‡e| ej †Zv wK jvf? Iiv

Lywk n‡e|

Iiv Lywk n‡j wK n‡e? cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi cvj©v‡g‡›Ui 3 (wZb)wU AvmbB

¯’vqxfv‡e Zywg cv‡e, †hgb †MvcvjM‡Äi 3 (wZb)wU Avmb cvI|

Avi fviZ‡K Kwi‡Wvi †`qv, UªvbwRU †`qv, †bŠe›ì (†cvU©) †`qv Gme

†Zv †Zvgvi wcZvi mv‡_ Avgv‡ì cvKv K_v n‡qwQj| Zywg GLb †Zvgvi

myweavRbK mg‡q Avgv‡ì (fviZ‡K) G¸‡jv w`‡q `vI| †ewk †`wi K‡iv bv

wKš‘| †ewk †`wi Ki‡j Avevi w`wjøi w`‡K fyj eySveywS n‡Z cv‡i, eyS‡j ?

cwðg evsjv iv‡Rï gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ evey KvR †k‡l P‡j †M‡jb| Zvici

fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x †è †MŠo evsjv‡`k mdi K‡i †M‡jb| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x

†kL nvwmbv w`wjø md‡i †M‡jb Ges cwðg evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ KvKvi

mvRv‡bv 30 eQi †gqv`–Gi cvwbwenxb M½vPyw³ K‡i G‡jb| GiciB cÖavbgš¿x

†kL nvwmbv Zvi dzdv‡Zv fvB gnvb RvZxq msm‡ì eKjg Pxd& ûBd gvZvj

Aveyj nvmbvZ Avãyjøvn‡K cÖavb K‡i, cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg welqK KwgwU Ki‡jb Ges

†R¨vwZ eveyi bxj bKkv Abyhvqx ivRm¦wenxb, ivR Kg©Pvixwenxb Ges ivR

KZ©„Z¡wenxb cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg kvwšÍ Pyw³ Ki‡jb| GB kvwšÍ Pyw³ Abyhvqx t–

(1) MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`ki miKvi cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi †Kv‡bv LvRbv-U¨v·

cv‡e bv Ges H AÂ‡ji LvRbv-U¨v· DcRvZxqivB msMÖn Ki‡e I

LiP Ki‡e|

(2) cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi ’vbxq †Kv‡bv Kg©Pvix MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k

miKv‡ii Kg©Pvix n‡e bv| DcRvZxqivB DcRvZxq‡ì g‡a¨ †_‡K

H mKj Kg©Pvix‡ì wb‡qvM †`‡e, c‡`vbœwZ †`‡e Ges eiLv Í

Ki‡e|

(3) cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi Rjvkq, f~wg, eb BZ¨vw` hv wKQy Av‡Q DcRvZxqiv

hw` AbygwZ bv †`q Zvn‡j MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi AwaMÖnY

ev G‡Kvqvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

Ni fv½v Avm‡Q Ges Wt gwnDwÏb gš¿x

1996 mv‡ji igRvb gvm| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi miKvwi evmfeb

MYfe‡b †`‡ki gvbëi e¨w³, miKvwi Kg©KZ©v, ivRbxwZwe`, we‡`kx

~Zvev‡mi †jvKRb‡ì BdZvi cvwU©| MYfe‡bi †fZ‡ii wekvj gv‡V wekvj

c¨v‡Ûj, wekvj Av‡qvRb| AwaKvsk AwZw_ G‡m †M‡Qb| Ggb mgq Wt Kvgvj

†nv‡mb Zvi yB wZb-Rb mv_x wb‡q cwðg w`K †_‡K c¨v‡Û‡ji w`‡K GwM‡q

Avm‡Qb| c¨v‡Û‡ji c~e© w`‡Ki †kl cÖv‡šÍ e‡m _vKv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv GUv

†`Lv gvÎ wPrKvi K‡i Wvt Kvgvj †nv‡m‡bi w`‡K nvZ DwV‡q e‡j DV‡jb, H

†h, H †h, fi fv½v Avm‡Q, Ni fv½v Avm‡Q| GB, GB Ni fv½v‡K ~‡i emv|

Ni fv½v †hb Avgvi Kv‡Q bv Avm‡Z cv‡i| Ni fv½v‡K ~‡i emv|

GwcGm evnvDwÏb bvwmg Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb‡K c¨v‡Û‡ji cwðg cv‡ki

GK †Kv‡Y GKwU †Uwe‡j wb‡q emv‡jb|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ny‡i N y‡i BdZvi cvwU©‡Z AvMZ AwZw_‡ì †LuvR-

Lei wb‡”Qb, †mŠRb¨ wewbgq Ki‡Qb| wKš‘ Wt Kvgvj †nv‡m‡bi w`‡K †M‡jb

bv| c¨v‡Û‡ji GK †Uwe‡j Ab¨vb¨ ÷vd‡ì mv‡_ gv_v wbPy K‡i e‡m Av‡Qb

cÖavbgš¿xi gyL¨ mwPe Wt gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi| cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv hLb

Gw`‡K G‡jb Wvt gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi LvIqv †Q‡o †Pqvi †_‡K D‡V

uvwo‡q ci‡jb Ges Ggbfv‡e cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K mvjvg w`‡jb †h, GUv

mvjvg bv cv‡q nvZ w`‡q K`geywm G‡Kev‡i av‡i Kv‡Qi †jvK Qvov Ab¨ †KD

Zv eyS‡Z cvij bv|

191 192

BdZvi cvwU©i Abyôvb †k‡l MYfe‡bi wbPZjvi 5 (cuvP) b¤¦i WªBsiæ‡g

e‡m cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv BdZvi cvwU©‡Z Avmv Zvi K‡qKRb AvZ¥x‡qi mv‡_

Avjvc Ki‡Z wM‡q ej‡jb, Wt gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi‡K gš¿x evbv‡Z n‡e|

†gi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi‡K gš¿x evbv‡eb wK Rb¨?

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Avgvi ÿgZvq Avmvi †cQ‡b gwnDwÏb Lvb

AvjgMx‡ii A‡bK Ae`vb i‡q‡Q|

†gvUi mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx ejj, Wt gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi ivR‡ ªvnx| gvÎ

wKQy w`b Av‡M miKv‡ii GKRb Kg©KZ©v n‡qI gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi

miKv‡ii weiæ‡× we‡ ªvn K‡i‡Q| Zuv‡K gš¿x Ki‡j Zv miKv‡ii weiæ‡×

we‡`ªv‡ni cyi¯‹vi wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ n‡e Ges GUv miKv‡ii weiæ‡× we‡ ªv‡ni

cyi¯‹v‡ii D`vniY n‡q _vK‡e| Avcbvi miKv‡ii A‡bK miKvwi Kg©KZ©v

Av‡Q hviv Avcbv‡K cQ›` K‡i bv| miKv‡ii weiæ‡× we‡`ªv‡ni cyi¯‹v‡ii GB

D`vniY n‡q _vK‡j, my‡hvM †c‡jB ZvivI Avcbvi miKv‡ii mv‡_ we‡ ªvn

Ki‡e| gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi‡K gš¿x Kivi Av‡M GB welqwU †Lqv‡j ivL‡Z

n‡e| Avcwb hw` mwZ¨B g‡b K‡ib Avcbvi ÿgZvq Avmvi wcQ‡b gwnDwÏb

Lvb AvjgMx‡ii Ae`vb Av‡Q, Zvn‡j Avcwb Zuv‡K cyi¯‹…Z Ki‡eb| Zvn‡j

Av‡M Zv‡K PvKwi †_‡K Aemi w`‡q Avcbvi Dc‡`óv K‡ib| mivmwi gš¿x bv

K‡i gš¿xi gh©v`v †`b| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †cÖwmwWqvg †g¤¦vi K‡ib| c‡ii Uv‡g©

gš¿x K‡ib|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Av”Qv †i›Uy, Zywg wK Avgvi miKvwi Kv‡R

K‡g© evav w`‡ZB _vKev ? bv Avgv‡K KvR Ki‡Z wèv ?

bv †bÎx, Avwg Avcbv‡K evav w`‡Z hve †Kb ?

Zvn‡j Zywg GZ K_v ej‡Qv †Kb ?

Avcwb ej‡jb ZvB ejjvg|

GLv‡b †Zv Av‡iv A‡b‡KB Av‡Q, KB †KD †Zv †Zvgvi g‡Zv evav w`‡”Q

bv? Zywg GZ K_v ejQ †Kb?

Av‡M †_‡KB e‡j G‡mwQ, cy‡ivbv Af¨vm ZvB ewj|

Av‡M ej‡Qv, ZLb Avwg †kL nvwmbv wQjvg| GLb Avwg cÖavbgš¿x|

hZw`b Avwg Avcbvi mv‡_ AvwQ, fv‡jv-g›` e‡j hve, †kvbv bv †kvbv, Kiv

bv Kiv Avcbvi e¨vcvi|

GL‡bv cÖavbgš¿xi ÿgZv †Zv †`‡Lv bvB| †`Lev| GB K_v e‡j cÖavbgš¿x

†kL nvwmbv †`vZjvq P‡j †M‡jb| miKvi‡ ªvnx Wt gwnDwÏb Lvb AvjgMxi

gš¿x n‡jb|

AevwÃZ †NvlYv

gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv) AevwÃZ n‡jv|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv)

–†K AevwÂZ †NvlYv K‡i cywjk, Gmwe, GbGmAvB, wWwRGdAvB, wmAvBwW,

wWwe mn iv‡óªi hZ AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms ’v Av‡Q mKj ms ’vi Kv‡Q wb‡ ©k

cvVv‡jb| wb‡ ©‡k cÖavgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, GB AevwÃZiv cÖavbgš¿xi

evmfeb, cÖavbgš¿xi Kvh©vjq Ges cÖavbgš¿x †h mKj Abyôv‡b †hvM`vb Ki‡eb

†m mKj Abyôv‡b †hvM`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Giv hv‡Z cÖavbgš¿xi evmfeb,

Kvh©vjq Ges Abyôv‡b †hvM`vb Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mw`‡K mZ©K „wó ivLvi wb‡ ©k

†`qv n‡jv Ges GB AevwÃZ †NvlYvcÎ cwÎKvqI cÖKvk Kiv n‡jv|

`k UvKvq †kL gywR‡ei Qwe

GK ïµevi mKv‡j A_©gš¿x wKewiqvi wcGm Wvt cvi‡fR, cÖavbgš¿xi

evmfeb MYfe‡b G‡m `k UvKvq †kL gywRe‡i Qwei †jAvDU wWRvB‡bi Lmov

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K †`Lvb| bZyb GB `k UvKvi †jAvDU wWRvB‡bi Lmov

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †gŠwLKfv‡e Aby‡gv`b K‡i w`‡j Z‡eB Zv †Q‡c bZyb

`k UvKvi †bvU wn‡m‡e evRv‡i Qvov n‡e| GB `k UvKvi Lmov †jAvDU

wWRvB‡bi Dc‡i wQj Avjøvni Ni gmwR‡ì Qwe Ges wcQ‡b wQj †kL nvwmbvi

wcZv †kL gywR‡ei Qwe|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †jAvDU wWRvB‡bi LmovwU †`‡L A_©gš¿xi wcGm

Wt cvi‡fR‡K wÿß n‡q e‡j DV‡jb, GwK! RvwZi wcZvi Qwe wcQ‡b †Kb?

A_©gš¿xi wcGm Wt cvi‡fR wKQyUv AcÖ ÍyZ n‡q ej‡jb, evRv‡i Pvjy

eZ©gvb `k UvKvi †bv‡Ui Dc‡i gmwR‡ì Qwe Av‡Q| ag©xq Abyf~wZi K_v

we‡ePbv K‡i Dc‡ii gmwR` Gi QweUv wVK †i‡L, wcQ‡b RvwZi wcZvi Qwe

†`qv n‡q‡Q|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv ivMvwb¦Z K‡Ú ej‡jb, Ime gmwR`-UmwR` eywS bv,

RvwZi wcZvi Qwe Dc‡i w`‡q bZyb `k UvKvi †bvU †Q‡c evRv‡i Qvo‡eb|

Avgvi evev †h RvwZi wcZv GUv kqZv‡bi RvZ‡K wMjv‡Z n‡e|

Gici Ab¨ Avi GKw`b Wt cvi‡fR †kL gywR‡ei Qwe Dc‡i Ges

gmwR‡ì Qwe wcQ‡b w`‡q Kiv †jAvDU wWRvBb wb‡q G‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbv Zv †`‡Lb I Lywk nb Ges †gŠwLK Aby‡gv`b K‡i †`b| eZ©gv‡b evRv‡i

†kL gywR‡ei Qwe m¤¦wjZ †h bZyb `k UvKvi †bvU i‡q‡Q GUv †mUv|

193 194

cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z †KD gviv hvqwb

ïay jvk PvB| gvby‡li jvk| 1990 mv‡j mvgwiK ˆm¦ivPvi wbcvZ K‡i

MYZš¿ gy³ Ki‡Z †`‡ki eû †jvK‡K Rxeb w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| knx` b~i †nv‡m‡bi

i‡³ †fRv ˆm¦ivPvi wbcvZ hvK MYZš¿ gyw³ cvK Av‡›`vj‡b mvgwiK ˆm¦ivPvi

†Rbv‡ij ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv‡ì cywjk wewWAvi I †mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z

ivRavbx XvKvmn G‡`‡ki A‡bK ZvRv cÖvY wbnZ n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ 1990 mv‡j

Gikv` cZ‡bi ci wePvicwZ mvnveywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì wb ©jxq wbi‡cÿ miKv‡ii

Aax‡b cwiPvwjZ 1991 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b MYZvwš¿Kfv‡e wbe©vwPZ †eMg Lv‡j`v

wRqv miKv‡ii cZb Av›`vj‡b ivRavbx XvKv kn‡i cywjk, wewWAvi I

†mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z GKRb †jvKI wbnZ nq bvB| hwÌ 1991 mv‡ji ci

†_‡KB Lv‡j`v wRqv miKvi cZ‡bi j‡ÿ¨ bvbvb Bmy¨‡Z ïiæ nIqv †kL

nvwmbvi Av‡›`vj‡b XvKv kn‡i †gvU 103 (GKkZ wZb) Rb †jvK ¸wj‡Z

wbnZ n‡q‡Q| Z_vwcI GB wbnZ nIqv 103 Rb †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ GKRb †jvKI

cywj‡ki ev AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms ’vi ¸wj‡Z wbnZ nqwb|

1991 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b RbM‡Yi †fv‡U weRqx n‡q †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv

ÿgZvq Avmvi ci †_‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Lv‡j`v wRqv‡K ÿgZvPy¨Z

Kivi Rb¨ gwiqv n‡q D‡Vb| KL‡bv f¨vU cÖZ¨vnv‡ii Av‡›`vjb, KL‡bv

mwPevjq †NivI, KL‡bv msm` feb †NivI, KL‡bv wbe©vPb Kwgkb †NivI,

KL‡bv ev‡RU evwZ‡ji `vwe, KL‡bv cÖavbgš¿xi Kvh©vjq †NivI BZ¨vw` bvbv

Bmy¨‡Z 1992 mvj †_‡K ïiæ nIqv Ges 1996 mv‡ji 26†k gvP© m¦vaxbZv

wè‡m ZË¡veavqK miKvi wej cvm Kiv ch©šÍ †kL nvwmbvi mKj Av‡›`vjb,

msMªvg I niZv‡ji cÖvq cÖwZwU Kg©m~Px‡Z 2 Rb, 3 Rb, 4 Rb K‡i gvbyl

¸wj‡Z wbnZ n‡q‡Q| GB wbnZ nIqv gvby‡liv †KDB cywjk wewWAvi ev

†mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z wbnZ nqwb| Avevi GB wbnZ nIqv 103 R‡bi mK‡jB

bvg †MvÎnxb, cwiPqnxb AÁvZbvgv e¨w³| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv cwiPvwjZ

Lv‡j`v wRqv miKvi cZb Av‡›`vj‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cwiPq enbKvix GKRb

Kgx©I wbnZ nqwb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wbnZ nIqv e¨w³‡ì Zvi `j

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kgx© e‡j `vwe Ki‡jI wbnZ‡ì bvg cwiPq Lyu‡R cvbwb| Ges

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv miKvi e‡j‡Qb wbnZiv wbixn c_Pvix| Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq

¸wj‡Z bwnZ nZfvMv e¨w³iv wbin c_Pvix, bv ivR‰bwZK Kg©x †mUv gyL¨ welq

bv| gyL¨ welq n‡jv ¸wj‡Z wbnZ e¨w³iv cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z wbnZ n‡jv bv,

wewWAvi Gi ¸wj‡Z wbnZ n‡jv bv, wbnZ n‡jv bv †mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z| Z‡e

Kv‡ì ¸wj‡Z 1992 mvj †_‡K 1996 mvj ch©šÍ †Kej UvKv kn‡iB 103 Rb

gvbyl wbnZ n‡jv| †nvK bv wbnZiv AÁvZ cwiPq| Zey wbnZ nZfvMviv †Zv

G‡`‡kiB gvbyl wQj| Kviv Zv‡ì wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kij? nZ¨vKvixiv

Kviv? wK Zv‡ì cwiPq? Kviv nZ¨vKvix‡ì gvbyl Lyb Kivi Rb¨ g`` w`‡jv?

Kviv nZ¨vi Av‡qvRb Kij? Kvi m¦v‡_© GZ¸‡jv gvbyl Lyb Kiv n‡jv? e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi fvlvq wbnZiv cywj‡ki ¸wjZ wbnZ bv n‡jI Lv‡j`v wRqvi

weGbwcÕi mš¿vmxiv wbnZ‡ì ¸wj K‡i Lyb K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwU Av‡›`vjb, niZvj,

†NivI Kg©m~Px‡Z Gfv‡e wbixn c_Pvix gvbyl †kL nvwmbvi fvlvq weGbwcÕi

mš¿vmx‡ì ¸wj‡Z wbnZ n‡Z jvMj|

†h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Kg©m~Pxi wbw ©ó w`‡bi yB w`b Av‡M XvKv kn‡ii mKj

†ckv`vi Lybx‡ì Kv‡Q gvbyl Lyb Kivi Rb¨ AwMÖg UvKv †cŠu‡Q †`qv n‡Zv|

†ckv`vi Lybx‡ì ejv n‡Zv, Avgv‡ì AvMvgx Kg©m~Pxi wbw ©ó w`‡b jvk PvB|

gvby‡li jvk| †nvK †m †h †Kv‡bv gvby‡li jvk| GB †`qv n‡jv AwMÖg UvKv|

evwK UvKv jvk †`qvi ci| Kg©m~Pxi wbw ©ó w`‡b Kg©m~Pxi mdjZvi w`‡K bRi

†`qv n‡Zv bv| Mfxi D‡ËRbvi mv‡_ ZvwK‡q _vKv n‡Zv gvby‡li jvk covi

msev‡ì w`‡K| gvby‡li jvk covi wbwðZ msev` bv Avmv ch©šÍ, e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi cvbvnvi m¤ú~Y© eÜ _vKZ| hZÿY ch©šÍ gvbyl Lyb

nIqvi P~ovšÍ Lei bv AvmZ, e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ïay gvÎ Pv Avi

†mB mv‡_ †dbwmwWj Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQy †L‡Zb †Zv bvB–B, ïay QUdU

QUdU Ki‡Zb Avi – GL‡bv jvk coj bv, GL‡bv jvk coj bv, Gici Avwg

wK Kie? wK Kg©m~Px †`‡ev?

GL‡bv jvk coj bv e‡j Db¥vw`bx cvMjxi b¨vq cÖjvk eK‡Z _vK‡Zb

Ges 29 b¤¦i wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi †`vZvjv-wbPZjv cvqPvwi Ki‡Z _vK‡Zb|

†h gyn~‡Z© gvbyl Lyb nIqvi msev` ev jv‡ki msev` wb‡q Avmv n‡Zv, e½eÜy

Kb¨v m¦w Í‡Z weQvbvq Mv Gwj‡q w`‡q ej‡Zb, Avgvi ÿyav †j‡M‡Q, Lvevi

jvMvI|

GK †òN›Uv m¦w Í I my‡Li wb ªv †k‡l, e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

Nyg †_‡K D‡V, LvIqv-`vIqv K‡i ˆZwi n‡q nv‡Z iægvj wb‡q XvKv †gwWK¨vj

nvmcvZv‡ji g‡M© jvk †`L‡Z P‡j †h‡Zb| nvmcvZv‡ji g‡M© jvk †`‡L †Pv‡L

iægvj †P‡c ai‡Zb| d‡Uv mvsevw`Kiv Qwe ZyjZ|

Òjvk †`‡L e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Akªæ mseiY Ki‡Z cvi‡jb

bv|Ó – GB K¨vcmb w`‡q †mB Qwe cwÎKvq Qvcv n‡Zv|

195 196

mwPevjq †NivI‡qi GK Kg©m~Pxi w`‡b ycyi Mwo‡q 02:00 Uv †e‡R †Mj|

wKš‘ jvk covi †Kv‡bv msev` G‡jv bv| Gw`K-†mw`K KZ †jvK cvVv‡jb|

wKš‘ jvk covi †Kv‡bv msev` †bB| e½eÜy Kb¨v Zxeª D‡ËRbvq cÖvq Db¥v` n‡q

cÖjvk eK‡Z jvM‡jb| mKvj 10:00 Uvq mwPevjq †NivI Kivi K_v| GLb

ch©šÍ GKwU jvkI c‡owb| cywjk GKwU wUqvi M¨vmI Qy‡owb| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

†K› ªxq †bZv eZ©gv‡b evwYR¨gš¿x †Zvdv‡qj Avn‡¤§` ïay RvZxq †cÖm K¬v‡ei

D‡ëv w`‡K GbGmAvB wewìP‡qi mvg‡b wekvj KoB Mv‡Qi wb‡P uvwo‡q

uvwo‡q ev`vg Lv‡”Qb Avi cywjk Awdmvi‡ì mv‡_ Mí Ki‡Qb| Gw`‡K

weRqbM‡i †kL nvwmbv I †kL †invbvi PvBwbR †ióy‡i›U mys Mv‡W©b Gi mvg‡b

e‡m Kb ©my¨c Lv‡”Qb †K› ªxq †bÎx eZ©gvb Lv`¨gš¿x gwZqv †PŠayix| 29 b¤¦i

wg‡›Uv †iv‡Wi miKvwi evmfe‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi Kv‡Q msev` G‡jv, jvk †djvi g‡Zv b~b¨Zg †Kv‡bv †ÿÎI ˆZwi n‡”Q

bv| Avi ZvB jvk †djv hv‡”Q bv|

A_©vr Lybx‡ì gvbyl Lyb Ki‡Z †h †Mvj‡hvMc~Y© cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z nq,

Zvi wb¤œZg cwi‡ekI m„wó n‡”Q bv| †kL nvwmbv I Zvi `j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

AvR‡Ki mwPevjq †NivI Kg©m~Px e¨_© n‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv iKg †Mvjvgvj n‡”Q bv|

me wKQy kvšÍ I m¦vfvweK i‡q‡Q| d‡j Lybxiv gvbyl Lyb Kivi my‡hvM cv‡”Q bv|

G K_v ï‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, hvI, ªæZ †Zvdv‡qj fvB‡qi

Kv‡Q hvI, gwZqv †PŠayixi Kv‡Q hvI| wM‡q Avgvi K_v e‡jv| mvgvb¨ GKUv

wKQy Ki‡Z e‡jv| AvR hw` wKQy bv nq, Zvn‡j AvMvgx w`‡b Kg©m~Px †`qvi

†Kv‡bv cyuwR _vK‡e bv| hvI ZvovZvwo wM‡q e‡jv mvgvb¨ †Mvj‡hvM m„wó Ki‡Z|

Qy‡U hvIqv n‡jv, wM‡q †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§`‡K ejv n‡jv, †Zvdv‡qj fvB,

†bÎx mvgvb¨ †Mvj‡hvM m„wó Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb ...|

ï‡bB fqvbK †i‡M wM‡q †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` ej‡jb, hvI GLvb †_‡K,

Avwg Hm‡e wek¦vm Kwi bv| Avwg wbqgZvwš¿K ivRbxwZ‡Z wek¦vm Kwi| Avwg H

m‡e wek¦vm Kwi bv| Avi GKeviI Zywg Avgv‡K Hme ej‡e bv| Zywg hvI

GLvb †_‡K|

GB K_v e‡j †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` Zvwo‡q w`‡jv|

Gici Avmv n‡jv gwZqv †PŠayixi Kv‡Q| gwZqv †PŠayix me ï‡b cÖ_‡g Pov

Mjvq ejj, Avwg GB¸‡jv cvie bv|

m‡½ m‡½ Pyc K‡ib e‡j gwZqv †PŠayix‡K GUv agK w`‡ZB gwZqv †PŠayix

†fRv weov‡ji g‡Zv Pyc †g‡i wM‡q ejj, †`‡Lv, Avwg gwnjv gvbyl, Avwg wK

Ki‡Z cvwi| Zywg e‡mv, Zywg e‡mv, e‡j †Pqvi †_‡K D‡V uvwo‡q ej‡jb, my¨c

LvI, my¨c LvI| GBw`‡K GKUv my¨c †`b, e‡j mys Mv‡W©b–Gi eq‡K Bkviv

Ki‡jb|

29 b¤¦i wg‡›Uv †iv‡W wM‡q cwiw ’wZ ejv n‡j, e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv bM` GK jÿ UvKv w`‡q ej‡jb, Avwg jvk PvB, †h K‡iB †nvK jvk

PvB|

†ejv ZLb 03:00 Uv| Kvßvb evRv‡ii DËi cv‡k ¸wj¯Ívb evmó¨v‡Ûi

Kv‡Q gvbyl Ly‡bi Rb¨ Lybxiv A‡cÿv Ki‡Z jvMj| XvKvi evB‡i †_‡K GKUv

evm G‡m wfoj| KZ gv‡qi mšÍvb, KZ †ev‡bi m¦vgx, KZ mšÍv‡bi wcZv evm

†_‡K bvg‡Z ïiæ Kij| evm †_‡K bvgv bvg bv Rvbv wbixn 20/30 Rb hvÎxi

mvgvb¨ wfo| Lybx‡ì †`‡k ˆZwi cvBcMvb M‡R© DVj| cvBcMv‡bi GK SuuvK

¸wj bvg bv Rvbv wbixn hvÎx‡ì we× Kij| 14/15 Rb hvÎx wcPXvjv ivRc‡_

jywU‡q cij|

29 b¤¦i wg‡›Uv †iv‡W ïK y‡bi g‡Zv A‡cÿvq _vKv e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx

†kL nvwmbv‡K GB msev` †`qvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wZwb cyjwKZ n‡q ej‡jb, gi‡Q

†Zv? gi‡Q †Zv? †hfv‡e ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡Z bv g‡i euvPvi K_v bv| hvI,

hvI, †gwW‡Kj nvmcvZv‡j hvI, †`‡Lv KqUv jvk c‡o‡Q| †`‡L Avgv‡K Lei

`vI| GB ÿyav jvM‡Q, Lvevi `vI|

nvmcvZvj †_‡K wd‡i G‡m ejv n‡jv wZbUv jvk c‡o‡Q| e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ˆZwi n‡q nv‡Z iægvj wb‡q †gwW‡Kj nvmcvZv‡ji g‡M©

wM‡q ¸wj‡Z wbnZ‡ì jvk †`‡L †Pv‡L iægvj w`‡jb| d‡Uv msevw`‡Kiv Qwe

Zyj‡jb| cwÎKvq †mB Qwe Qvcv n‡jv|

†bZv I Dc‡`óv‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK©

AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ab¨vb¨

†bZv‡ì PvKiZyjÏ g‡b K‡ib bv| Zuvi Kv‡Q Zuvi (†kL nvwmbvi) evmvi

GKUv PvK‡ii †h g~j¨ Av‡Q, †h Kì Av‡Q, †h gh©v`v Av‡Q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

†bZv‡ì ZvI †bB| AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv AvIqvgx jxM †bZv‡ì

m¤ú‡K© cÖKv‡k¨B ej‡Zb, Giv me †Zv av›`vevwR Avi Puv`vevwRi Rb¨ Avgvi

mv‡_ AvIqvgx jxM K‡i|

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ggb †Kv‡bv †bZv †bB whwb, m¦qs †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi

PvKi-evKi Øviv GKevi bv GKevi Acgvb-Ac` Í nbwb| Aek¨ G‡ÿ‡Î

eZ©gvb evwYR¨gš¿x †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` Ges WvK I Zvi gš¿x †gvnv¤§` bvwmg

197 198

e¨wZµg| GB yB AvIqvgxjxM †bZv eieviB †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ GKUv ~iZ¡

eRvq †i‡L Pj‡Zb| nqZ Acgvb Ac`¯Í nIqvi f‡qB, †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡YB

~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L Pj‡Zb| †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` m¤ú‡K© Kw_Z Av‡Q †h, wZwb

AvIqvgx jx‡M gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi jwes (cÖwZwbwaZ¡) Ki‡Zb| Avi G Kvi‡YB

†kL nvwmbv †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§`‡K cviZc‡ÿ NvUv‡Z mvnm †c‡Zb bv|

†Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§Ì `‡ji ivR‰bwZK Kjv-†KŠkj BZ¨vw` e¨vcv‡i †kL

nvwmbvi cÖwZcÿ KL‡bvB n‡Zb bv| †kL nvwmbv hv ej‡Zb, hv Ki‡Zb

†Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` KL‡bvB Zvi eva mva‡Zb bv ev we‡ivwaZv bv K‡i wbie

wbðyc _vK‡Zb| Ggb wK ivRbxwZ‡Z †kL nvwmbv †h A ¿, †evgv, R¡vjvI-

†cvovI Lyb-Lvivwei m„wó K‡iwQ‡jb Ges XvjvIfv‡e †h Puv`vevwR ïiæ

K‡iwQ‡jb Gi meB †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` Rvb‡Zb| wKš‘ KL‡bvB mivmwi RwoZ

n‡Zb bv| awi gvQ bv QyuB cvwb Ggb GKUv fv‡e †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` _vK‡Zb|

mfv-mgv‡e‡ki g‡Â e‡mB †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` Mfxifv‡e †kL nvwmbv‡K

ej‡Zb, †bÎx Avcbvi †Mvj›`vR evwnbx wVK Av‡Q †Zv ?

†kL nvwmbv †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§‡ì cÖkœ ï‡b LyeB cyjwKZ n‡Zb Ges Me©

I `‡¤¢i mv‡_ ej‡Zb, wgicy‡i 3 nvRvi, bvivqYM‡Ä 5 nvRvi, dvg©‡M‡U 2

nvRvi KK‡Uj, †evgv I KvUv ivB‡dj †iwW Av‡Q, mviv‡`k GKev‡i Zvgv

evwb‡q †`‡ev|

†Zvdv‡qj cÖkœ K‡ib, Avi G¨vKkb evwnbx (G¨vKkb evwnbx gv‡b gvbyl Lyb

Kivi Rb¨ †ckv`vi Lywb)?

†kL nvwmbv e‡j, mviv XvKv kn‡iB G¨vKkb evwnbx ˆZwi Av‡Q| ûKzg

w`‡qB jvk cvIqv hv‡e| bZyb Kg©m~Px w`‡Z Amyweav n‡e bv|

Gme ï‡b †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡¤§` ej‡Zb, nu¨v †bÎx, me wVKVvK g‡Zv

†`‡Lb|

†kL nvwmbv mfv-mgv‡ek wgwQ‡j †M‡jI `jxq Kvh©vj‡q †Zgb GKUv

†h‡Zb bv| d‡j eva¨ n‡qB †kL nvwmbvi evmvq †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi

Rb¨ hLb †h †bZvB G‡m‡Qb †m †bZvB nq PvKi-evKi Øviv, bv nq †kL

nvwmbvi †cvlv AvZ¥xq Øviv AcgvwbZ n‡q †diZ wM‡q‡Qb| GK ch©v‡q †bZviv

†kL nvwmbvi evmvq AvmvB †Q‡o w`‡qwQj| †h yÕGKRb †bZv AvmZ Zviv

gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy A_ev wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy‡K (gqbv) web‡qi mv‡_

AZ¨šÍ f ªfv‡e ej‡Zb, GKUy †bÎxi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z †P‡qwQjvg, †`Lv Kiv

wK m¤¢e n‡e?

Avcwb emyb, †`LwQ e‡j gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy †`vZjvq e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL

nvwmbvi Kv‡Q AvmZ| AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv AvZ¥xq-m¦Rb wb‡q

†Uwjwfk‡b wWm G¨w›Ubvq A_ev wfwmqv‡i wnw›` wm‡bgv †`L‡Qb| wm‡bgvi mv‡_

bvP‡Qb, MvB‡Qb, nvwm-VvÆv Ki‡Qb|

mfv-mgv‡ek, wgwQ‡ji Kg©m~Px bv _vK‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv

mvaviYZ AvZ¥xq‡ì wb‡q wnw›` wm‡bgv †`‡LB w`b KvUvb| wnw›` Qwei g‡a¨ †h

Qwe‡Z Amr ivRbxwZK †bZ-†bÎx‡ì Lyb-Lvivwe, Nyl, Kv‡jvevRvwii nxb PwiÎ

i‡q‡Q, †e‡Q †e‡Q †mB mKj wnw›` wm‡bgv¸‡jvB e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv mviv w`b e‡m †`L‡Zb Ges iß Ki‡Zb| ïay †`Lv Ges iß Kivi

gva¨‡gB e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv mxgve× _vK‡Zb bv| wnw›` wm‡bgvi

ivR‰bwZK †bZv-†bÎxi Pwi‡Î mgv‡R Lyb-Lvivwe, Nylmn hZ iK‡gi Lj PwiÎ

†`Lv‡bv nq, e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zv iß K‡i evsjv‡`k Ges

evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi Dci Avevi Zv Abykxjb K‡ib|

AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎxi mvÿvrKvi cÖv_x© †bZv‡K wb‡P ewm‡q †i‡L gwZqyi

ingvb †i›Uy †`vZjvq G‡m hLb ejZ, Avcbvi †K› ªxq AgyK †bZv Avcbvi

mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z Pvq, e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ZLb wnw›` wdj¥ †`L‡Qb, †hB

†K› ªxq †bZv †`Lv Ki‡Z Pvb ïb‡jb, Agwb ~i ~i! †L`vI †L`vI! e‡j

DV‡Zb|

AMZ¨v gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy wb‡P G‡m †K› ªxq †bZv‡K ejZ, wjWvi Avcwb

evmvq Av‡Qb bv? †bÎx (†kL nvwmbv) ìRv eÜ K‡i †i‡L‡Qb, K‡qKevi

ìRvq †UvKv †`qvi ciI †Kv‡bv mvovkã cvIqv †Mj bv| Avcwb evmvq Av‡Qb

bv wjWvi? †bÎx ìRv Lyj‡jB Avcbv‡K evmvq †dvb K‡i †`‡ev| †dvb Kivi

ci Avcwb P‡j Avm‡eb| Gfv‡e †KŠkj K‡i †bZv‡ì we`vq Kiv n‡Zv|

†bZvivI eySZ †h, †bÎxi Kv‡Q Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv g~j¨ †bB| †bZvivI ejZ, wVK

Av‡Q, wVK Av‡Q, †bÎx DV‡jB Avgv‡K †dvb K‡i wÌ| Avwg evmvqB AvwQ|

†dvb †h Avi hv‡e bv GUvI †bZviv eySZ| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi

†cvl¨ AvZ¥xq _vK‡Z †Kb †bZviv gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uyi Kv‡Q AvmZ ? KviY

AZx‡Zi AwfÁZv †_‡K †bZviv Rvb‡Zb †cvl¨ AvZ¥xq‡ì Kv‡Q †M‡j, wbN©vZ

Acgvb-Ac` Í nIqv Qvov Ab¨ wKQy nIqv fv‡M¨ †bB| ïay †cvl¨ AvZ¥xqZviB

bq, †eZbf~³ PvKi-evK‡ii Kv‡Q †M‡jI GKB Ae¯’v| ZvB †bZviv gwZq~i

ingvb †i›Uyi Kv‡Q Avm‡Zb ïay GB fimvq †h, mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_

†`Lv Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI, AšÍZ Acgvb-Ac` Í n‡Z n‡e bv| †bZv‡ì GB

Acgvb-Ac` Í nIqvi wcQ‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi Ae`vbB

199 200

me‡P‡q †ewk| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv m¦qs wb‡R †bZv‡ì ~i ~i

Ki‡Zb, Acgvb-Ac` Í Ki‡Zb e‡jB Zvi †cvl¨ AvZ¥xq I PvKi-evK‡iivI

ZvB Ki‡Zb|

gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy I wg‡mm gwZq~i ingvb †i›Uy (gqbv) Qvov e½eÜy

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi Av‡kcv‡k GKRbI f ª‡jvK wQj bv| Pig Af ª

Ges wbZvšÍB †QvU‡jv‡Ki mšÍvb †QvU †jvK Øviv †kL nvwmbv cwi‡ewóZ

_vK‡Zb Ges GLbI Av‡Qb| Avð‡h©i e¨vcvi n‡”Q ARmª †QvU‡jv‡Ki mšÍvb,

†QvU‡jvK‡ì Af ª †QvU‡jvwK AvPvi-AvPviY m¤ú‡K© e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

Rvb‡Zb bv, Zv bq| wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) meB Rvb‡Zb| ïay Rvb‡ZbB bv,

†R‡b ï‡bB G‡ì Amf¨, Af ª, †QvU‡jvwK AvPvi-AvPviY‡K wZwb (†kL

nvwmbv) ixwZg‡Zv cÖkÖq w`‡Zb| Giv GZB AmZ¨, Af ª, †QvU‡jvK †h Giv

KL‡bvB gvbyl‡K mvjvg w`Z bv eis †KD G‡ì mvjvg w`‡j Giv mvjvgI wbZ

bv|

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Dc‡`óv‡ì fv‡MÏ GKB AvPvi-AvPiY cÖ‡hvR¨ wQj|

†Kv‡bv Dc‡`óv KL‡bvI e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z

†M‡j ~i ~i! Dc ªc †L`vI, Dc ªc †L`vI! e‡j wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) Zv‡ì

we`vq Ki‡Zb|

KzËvi RvZ

gwnjv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfv‡bÎx, †K› ªxq AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gwnjv m¤úvw`Kv,

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K eZ©gvb GjwRAviwW gš¿x wRjøyi ingvb–Gi

¯¿x AvBwf ingvb 1992 mv‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K R‰bK

gwnjvi bvg D‡jøL K‡i ej‡jb, †bÎx Ii bv‡g A‡bK ¯‹¨vÛvj Av‡Q|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi m‡½ m‡½ ej‡jb, wK †ek¨v GB †Zv?

KzËvi (KzKz‡ii) RvZ‡K †Zv †ek¨v w`‡qB †bZ„Z¡ †`qve|

AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx Rb‡bÎx e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi gy‡L GB K_v

†kvbvi ci AvBwf ingvb _Õ n‡q hvb| Avi GKwU K_vI bv evwo‡q we`vq

†bb|

wRjøyi ingvb †Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi

avbgwÛ ewÎ‡k e½eÜy fe‡bi jvB‡eªwi K‡ÿ e‡m e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv,

†kL nvwdRyi ingvb †UvKb, †kL gviæd Ges Av‡iv K‡qKRb Mí Ki‡Q|

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Avmbœ KvDwÝ‡j Kv‡K †Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi Kiv hvq K_v DV‡j

e½eÜy Kb¨v AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv e‡jb, mv‡R`v †PŠayix †g‡q

gvbyl, Zv‡K †Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi ivLv P‡j bv| †Zvgiv Ggb GKRb cyiæ‡li

bvg e‡jv, †h ïay bv‡gB cyiæl| wKš‘ Kv‡RK‡g© †g‡q gvby‡li †P‡qI †j‡ewÛm|

cyiæl Pwi‡Îi †Kv‡bv cyiæl‡K †Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi evbv‡bv hv‡e bv| cyiæl

Pwi‡Îi †Kv‡bv cyiæl‡K `‡ji †m‡µUvwi Ki‡j †m Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki g‡Zv `j

†f‡½ †dj‡e| GKRb cyiæl‡KB `‡ji mvaviY m¤úv`K Ki‡Z n‡e, †h cyiæl

bv‡g cyiæl, Kv‡R cyiæl bq| Ggb GKRb †giæ`Ðnxb cyiæl‡K `‡ji mvaviY

m¤úv`K Ki‡Z n‡e| †Zvgiv Lyu‡R Ggb GKRb‡K †ei K‡iv|

†kL nvwdRyi ingvb †UvKb ejj, dzcy, wRjøyi ingvb‡K evbv‡j †Kgb nq?

m‡½ m‡½ †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, B‡qm, Zywg †Zv wVK e‡jQ, IB †Zv

mePvB‡Z wd‡U÷|

†kL gviæd ejj, bv eyey (Avcv), wRjøyi ingvb‡K evbv‡bv hv‡e bv| wRjøyi

ingvb Avi Zvi eD AvBwf ingvb 15B AvM‡÷i ci Lywb dviæK Wvwjgv‡ì

`vIqvZ K‡i weivbx ivbœv K‡i LvB‡qwQj| myZivs wRjøyi ingvb‡K Zywg

†Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi evbv‡Z cv‡iv bv|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, nu¨v, G‡KB Avgvi ìKvi| GB-B

mew`K †_‡K Dchy³| wRjøyi ingvb‡K `‡ji †Rbv‡ij †m‡µUvwi Ki‡j, †fov

evwb‡q ivLv hv‡e| GB †fovi Mjvq iwk bv _vK‡jI DVv‡bi evB‡i hv‡e bv|

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wVKB KvDwÝj K‡i wRjøyi ingvb‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

mvaviY m¤úv`K Ki‡jb|

UvKv Avi jvk

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Zvi ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡b ylwU wRwbm Qvov

Avi †Kv‡bv wKQyB †P‡bbwb| wRwbm yÕwUi GKwU n‡jv A_©, gv‡b UvKv-cqmv

Avi Ab¨wU n‡jv jvk, gv‡b gvby‡li jvk| GB yÕwU wRwbm Qvov Zvi `‡ji

†bZvKgx©, ïfvbya¨vqx Ges Ab¨vb¨ hviv Zvi (e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi) Kv‡Q

G‡m‡Qb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q †Kv‡bvw`bB wZwb Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQyB Pvbwb| Ggb wK

28†k †m‡Þ¤¦i Zvi Rb¥w`‡b hviv UvKv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQy Dcnvi wb‡q

Avm‡Zb, e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv fr ©mbvi mv‡_ Zv‡ì ej‡Zb, GB¸wj Avwg

†bB bv| Avwg K¨vk PvB, K¨vk| bM` UvKv Qvov Ab¨ Dcnvi Avwg MÖnY Kwi

bv|

201 202

1996 mv‡ji 28†k †m‡Þ¤¦i MYfe‡b e‡mI wZwb GKB K_v e‡j‡Qb|

A‡_©i `vwe e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi cÖavb `vwe| Avcwb †hB †nvb bv

†Kb, †hLvb †_‡KB UvKv wb‡q Av‡mb bv †Kb, e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi K_v n‡”Q, Zv‡K UvKv w`‡Z n‡e| hw` UvKv bv †`b Zvn‡j Zvi (†kL

nvwmbvi) Kv‡Q gvbyl wn‡m‡eB MY¨ n‡eb bv| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbv‡K Wvb nv‡Z UvKv †`‡eb, Wvb nv‡Zi UvKv ev nv‡Z †bqvi m‡½ m‡½

wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) Avcbvi K_v †egvjyg fyj wM‡q UvKvi Rb¨ bZyb g‡°‡ji

w`‡K nvZ evwo‡q †`‡eb| Ggbfv‡e wZwb UvKv †b‡eb, †hb Zvi wcZv †kL

gywRei ingvb Avcbvi Kv‡Q UvKv †i‡LwQ‡jb| wZwb †kL nvwmbv wcZvi

DËivwaKvi wn‡m‡e wcZvi UvKvB Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K wb‡”Qb| UvKv PvB-B-PvB|

UvKv w`‡ZB n‡e| Pywi K‡i UvKv G‡b‡Qb, ZvI w`‡Z n‡e| Kv‡jvevRvwi ev

cvPvi K‡i UvKv G‡b‡Qb, ZvI w`‡Z n‡e| gvbyl Lyb K‡i UvKv G‡b‡Qb, ZvI

w`‡Z n‡e| Nyl †L‡q UvKv G‡b‡Qb ZvI w`‡Z n‡e|

Nyl †L‡Z Ges Nyl w`‡Z e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi Rywo †gjv fvi| UvKv

bv w`‡j Avcbv‡K gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ Acgvb K‡i †ei K‡i w`‡Z cv‡ib, Avevi UvKv

w`‡jB Avcbv‡K mgvì K‡i gh©v`v w`‡q †Pqv‡i emv‡Z cv‡ib|

GKw`b avbgwÐ ewÎ‡k e½eÜy fe‡bi jvB‡eªwi K‡ÿ e‡m Av‡Qb e½eÜy

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi PvPv‡Zv fvB †kL †njvj| Ggb mgq

eRjyi ingvb (†kL gywR‡ei wcG, eZ©gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi wjqv‡Rv

Awdmvi) R‰bK e¨w³‡K m‡½ K‡i wb‡q G‡m ejj, †bÎx Bwb GKUv Abyôvb

Ki‡Z Pvq....| eRjyi ingv‡bi K_v †kl bv n‡ZB e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

†i‡M †Pqvi †_‡K D‡V uvwo‡q D”PK‡É AvMš‘K †jvKwU‡K ej‡jb, GLv‡b wK

BZivwg Ki‡Z G‡m‡Qb? evbivwgi Avi RvqMv cvb bv? Avcbv‡K bv e‡j

w`‡qwQ, Avwg hve bv? Avevi G‡m‡Qb eywS dvZivwg Ki‡Z? Avcwb †Kv_vKvi

†Kvb AvjZy-dvjZy †jvK Zvi wVK bvB, Avi Avwg AvjZy-dvjZy †jv‡Ki

AvjZy-dvjZy Abyôv‡b hve – GUv fve‡jb wK K‡i? Avwg RvwZi RbK e½eÜyi

Kb¨v, Avgvi wK †Kv‡bv `vg †bB? hvb, †ewo‡q hvb! GB †jvK‡K †ei K‡i

`vI| GB †jvK †hb Avi XyK‡Z bv cv‡i| f ª‡jvK cÖ_‡g nKPwK‡q †M‡jI

wb‡R‡K †Kv‡bvg‡Z mvg‡j wb‡q axi cv‡q †ewi‡q hvw”Q‡jb| f ª‡jvK ìRv

ch©šÍ †h‡ZB †kL †njvj‡K e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, GB †jvK Pv›`v

†`q bv, Avevi wPUvMvs Gi †jvK| GB K_v ï‡b f ª‡jvK Ny‡i uvwo‡q G‡bwQ,

e‡j Zvi c¨v‡›Ui yÕc‡KU †_‡K yÕwU GKkZ UvKvi e¨vwÛj †ei K‡i GK jv‡d

†kL nvwmbvi †Uwe‡ji mvg‡b G‡m co‡jb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wP‡ji g‡Zv †Quv †g‡i GKkZ UvKvi

evwÛj yÕwU wb‡Ri nv‡Z wb‡q f ª‡jvK‡K ej‡Z jvM‡jb, e‡mb, e‡mb| GB

Dbv‡K Pv-bv Ív LvIqvI|

†kL †njvj Avevi UvKvi evwÛj yÕwU †bqvi Rb¨ Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi

mv‡_ f ª‡jv‡Ki mvg‡bB KvovKvwo ïiæ Kij| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv Gi

g‡a¨B f ª‡jvK‡K ej‡Z jvM‡jb, wVK Av‡Q, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg hve| AbyôvbUv

GKUy fv‡jv K‡i K‡ib| Avcwb Avm‡eb| Nb Nb Avm‡eb|

1992 mvj †_‡K hgybv †mZyi wbg©vZv cÖwZôvb †Kvwiqvb û›`vB †Kv¤úvwb

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv‡K wbqwgZ Puv`v w`‡q AvmZ| Avi †m Rb¨B

hgybv †mZy D‡×va‡bi K‡qK w`b Av‡M DËi e‡½i Rb¨ wbwg©Z M¨vm jvBb

m¤ú~Y© †f‡½ hgybv b`x‡Z c‡o †M‡j mswkøó KZ©„cÿ M¨vm jvBb wbg©v‡Y û›`vB

†Kv¤úvwbi ÎæwU, Awbqg I wb¤œgv‡bi Awf‡hvM Avb‡jI †kL nvwmbvi miKvi

†egvjyg wbie _v‡K|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv AvIhvgx jx‡Mi †Kv‡bv †bZvKgx©‡K

KL‡bvB bxwZi K_v †kvbvbwb| Av`‡k©i K_v †kvbvbwb| Z¨v‡Mi K_v †kvbvbwb|

†h-B Zuvi Kv‡Q wM‡q‡Q Zv‡KB wZwb Kvi‡Y-AKvi‡Y ïay ej‡Zb, Avwg wb‡ ©k

w`jvg †g‡i jvk †d‡j `vI| Avwg jvk PvB|

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi eZ©gvb gš¿xiv A‡b‡KB ej‡Zb, e½eÜy Kb¨v mfv‡bÎx

†kL nvwmbv †Zv UvKv Avi jvk Qvov wKQyB †ev‡S bv| Avi KZ UvKv †`‡ev,

Avi KZ jvk †`‡ev? Aeÿq| Aeÿq|

wkícwZ Rwni nZ¨vi cÖavb Lybx Avmvgx BDwmweGj e¨vs‡Ki cwiPvjK

†Pqvig¨vb Av³viæ¾vgvb evey e‡jb, Avi KZ UvKv †`‡ev, w`‡Z w`‡Z †Zv

wbt‡kl n‡q †Mjvg|

m¦vgxi mv‡_ bv _vKv

e½eÜy Kb¨v AvIqvgx jxM mfv‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv 1986 m‡bi 17B †g

evsjv‡`‡k Avmvi ci †_‡K Zvi m¦vgx Wt Iqv‡R` wgqvi mv‡_ KL‡bvB GKwU

w`b ev GKwU ivZ m¦vgx-¯¿x wn‡m‡e KvUvbwb| Av‡MB e‡jwQ, †kL nvwmbv

evsjv‡`‡k Avmvi ci cÖ_‡g Zvi m¦vgxi gnvLvjx miKvwi †KvqvU©v‡i I‡Vb, c‡i

avbgwÐ ewÎ‡k Zvi wcÎvjq e½eÜy feb, Zvici 29 b¤¦i wg‡›Uv †ivW Ges

AviI c‡i avbgwÐ 5 b¤¦‡i m¦vgx I wb‡Ri evwo‡Z, GLb cÖavbgš¿x miKvvi

evmfeb MYfe‡b _v‡Kb| wKš‘ Zvi m¦vgx Wt Iqv‡R` cÖ_g †_‡K GLb ch©šÍ

203 204

Zvi (Wt Iqv‡R‡ì) gnvLvjxi AvYweK kw³ Kwgk‡bi †KvqvU©v‡iB i‡q‡Qb|

wZwb KL‡bvB avbgwÛ 32 b¤i, 29 gw›U‡ivW, avbgwÐ 5 b¤i ev MYfe‡b

Av‡mbwb Ges e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvI Zv‡K Av‡bbwb| ïay ZvB-B bq,

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv hLb Zvi m¦vgxi gnvLvjx †KvqvU©v‡i _vK‡Zb ZLb Wt

Iqv‡R` _vK‡Zb H †KvqvU©v‡ii wfZ‡ii †i÷ nvD‡R| yÕRbvi yÕR‡bi mv‡_

ivZw`b †`Lv mvÿvr †Zv ~‡ii, gy‡LvgywLI n‡Zb bv|

gnvLvjx m¦vgxi †KvqvU©v‡i _vK‡Z Ges cieZx©‡Z avbgwÐ ewÎ‡ki wcÎvj‡q

e½eÜy fe‡b _vK‡Z, 1987 mv‡j gywÝMÄ niM½v K‡jR QvÎ msMV‡bi wfwc

g„Yvj KvwšÍ `vm bv‡gi ZiæY hyeK Avmvi AvM ch©šÍ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

wbqwgZ, iæwUb gvwdKfv‡e cÖwZw`b mÜ¨vi wVK GK N›Uv Av‡M †Mvmj K‡i

cvDWvi, cviwdDg †g‡L j¤¦v Py‡ji GKwU †eYx K‡i, PKP‡K bZyb kvwo-eøvDR

c‡o LyeB cwicvwU n‡q KvD‡K m‡½ bv wb‡q ïaygvÎ Mvwoi PvjK WªvBfvi

Avjvj‡K m‡½ wb‡q AÁvZ ¯’v‡b †ewi‡q †h‡Zb Ges N›Uv yÕ‡qK c‡i wd‡i

Avm‡Zb| ïay GB mg‡q H AÁvZ ’v‡b hvIqv Qvov e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv

Avi KL‡bvB GKv ïay wRc Mvwo Avi PvjK wb‡q evB‡i †h‡Zb bv| H mgq

Ges H AÁvZ ’vb Qvov †hLv‡bB wZwb †h‡Zb Zvi mv‡_ mKj‡K Aek¨B m‡½

wb‡q †h‡Zb|

1987 mv‡j gywÝMÄ niM½v K‡jR QvÎ msm‡ì wfwc ZiæY hyK g„Yvj

KvwšÍ `v‡mi mv‡_ e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi cwiPq nq Ges cwiP‡qi ci

†_‡KB g„Yvj KvwšÍ `vm avbgwÐ ewÎk b¤¦‡i e½eÜy fe‡b wèv-ivwÎ

mve©ÿwYKfv‡e _vK‡Z ïiæ Kij| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ZLb H evwo‡ZB

_v‡Kb| e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ax‡i ax‡i wbqwgZ iæwUb gvwdK mÜ¨vi Av‡M

AÁvZ ’v‡b hvIqv †Q‡o w`‡jb| AwaK ivZ ch©šÍ, GgbwK Mfxi ivZ ch©šÍ

avbgwÐ ewÎ‡ki e½eÜy fe‡bi jvB‡eªwi‡ZB Ae ’vb Ki‡Z jvM‡jb|

wn›`yiv †Kb AvIqvgx jxM mg_©b K‡i

G‡`‡ki mKj wn› y G‡Kev‡i Kvqg‡b wn› y¯’v‡b wek¦vm K‡i| wn› yiv GB

†`‡k _vK‡jI wn› y¯’vb ev wn› yivóª fviZ‡KB Zv‡ì †`k g‡b K‡i|

evsjv‡`k‡K KL‡bvB wn› yiv Zv‡`‡i †`k g‡b K‡i bv| Z‡e Zv‡ì AvKv•ÿv

evsjv‡`k GKw`b bv GKw`b wn› y‡ì ivR¨ fvi‡Zi `L‡j hv‡e| Avi G

wel‡q Zviv AvIqvgx jxM‡K wbKU eÜy g‡b K‡i| G‡`‡ki wn› y m¤cÖ`v‡qi „p

wek¦vm – GKgvÎ AvIqvgx jxMB n‡”Q, wek Í I wbf©i‡hvM¨ ivR‰bwZK `j †h

`‡ji gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k‡K GKw`b bv GKw`b wn› y¯’v‡bi Aax‡b †bqv hv‡e|

Avi G Kvi‡YB G‡`‡ki Avcvgi wn› y m¤cÖ`vq AvIqvgx jxM‡K mg_©b K‡i

Ges AvIqvgx jxM‡K †fvU †`q| wn› y, †eŠ×, wLª÷vb HK¨ cwil‡ì gnvmwPe

XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK Wt wbgP› ª †fŠwgK Gi g‡Z AvIqvgx jxMB n‡”Q

G‡`‡ki GKgvÎ ivR‰bwZK `j †h `j fviZ–cvwK Ívb Ø‡›Ø ev msN‡l©

fviZ‡KB mg_©b Rvbv‡e, kw³ †hvMv‡e| G Rb¨B G‡`‡ki wn› y m¤cÖ`vq

AvIqvgx jxM‡K †fvU †`q, kw³ †hvMvq| m¦í wkwÿZ wgwói †`vKvb`vi ivg nwi

gRyg`v‡ii g‡Z GKw`b †`Lev AvIqvgx jx‡M †Kv‡bv gymjgvbB _vKe bv|

ZLb GB AvIqvgx jxMB wn› y jxM nBe| Avgiv Rq wn‡›` wek¦vm Kwi| Rq

wn›`, Rq evsjv| †køvMv‡b wgjUv †`‡Lv bv ? Avevi Rq ~M©v, Rq gv Kvjx, Rq

evsjv GKB aŸwb, ZvB‡j AvIqvgx jxM Kiæg bv, Zq KiægUv wK? AvIqvgx

jxM †Zv Avav wn› yB, GK mgq cyivUv wn› y nBqv hvBe|

bvg cÖKv‡k Awb”QyK evsjv‡`k K¨vWvi mvwf©‡mi m`m¨ eb wefv‡Mi D”P

c`¯’ wn› y Kg©KZ©vi g‡Z, AvIqvgx jxM n‡”Q m¦vaxbZvq wek¦vmx `j, ZvB wn› y

m¤cÖ`vq AvIqvgx jx‡M wek¦vmx m¤cÖ`vq| G‡`‡ki wn› yiv AvIqvgx jxM‡K ïay

†fvUB †`q bv| A_© †`q, eyw× †`q Ges Zviv ïay GLv‡bB mxgve× _v‡K bv|

G‡`‡ki wn› y mvsevw`Kiv msev` cwi‡ek‡bi †ÿ‡Î AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ

cÿcvwZZ¡ K‡i| mePvB‡Z f‡qi I we¯§‡qi e¨vcvi n‡jv, wn› y wePvicwZivI

wePv‡i cÿcvwZZ¡ K‡i| wn› y wePvicwZMY, wePvicwZi Avm‡b e‡m cÖ_‡gB

†evSvi †Póv K‡ib, ev`x ev weev`x †Kvb ivR‰bwZK `‡ji †jvK ev mg_©K? hw`

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †jvK ev mg_©K nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K hZUv m¤¢e jNy `Ð †`qv nq|

Avi hw` AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †jvK ev mg_©K bv nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K hZUv m¤¢e

¸iæ`Ð †`qv nq|

cÖkvmb I e¨vemvq _vKv wn› y m¤cÖ`v‡qi êa ev A‰eafv‡e Zv‡ì

DcvwR©Z A‡_©i GKUv Ask Aejxjvµ‡g †kL nvwmbv‡K †`q Ges evwK m¤ú~Y©

Ask fvi‡Z cvPvi K‡i|

cvPvi

GB †`‡ki wn› y m¤cÖ`vq PvKwiRxweB †nvK Avi eëmvqx †nvK,

Aejxjvµ‡g GB †`‡ki mKj ab-m¤ú` fvi‡Z cvPvi K‡i| PvKwiRxwe êa-

A‰ea †hfv‡eB A_© DcvR©b KiæK, A_©vr Amr c‡_ Nyl- ybx©wZi gva¨‡gB A_©

DcvR©b KiæK wKsev PvKwii †eZ‡bi gva¨‡g A_© DcvR©b KiæK, †hfv‡eB

205 206

DcvR©b KiæK Zv‡ì DcvwR©Z mKj ab-m¤ú`B fvi‡Z cvPvi Ki‡e| wn› y

eëmvqx‡ì †ÿ‡ÎI GKB K_v cÖ‡hvR¨| wn› y m¤cÖ`vq KL‡bvB GB †`k‡K

Zv‡ì †`k g‡b K‡i bv| Avi ZvB G †`‡k †_‡K êa-A‰eafv‡e DcvwR©Z

mgy`q A_© fvi‡Z cvPvi K‡i|

Abyiƒcfv‡e cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi cwievi-cwiRb mK‡jB GB

†`k‡K wb‡Ri †`k g‡b K‡i bv| Avi †m Kvi‡YB cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv, †kL

†invbv êa-A‰ea †hfv‡eB A_©Kwi DcvR©b KiæK bv †Kb, evsjv‡`‡k GKUv

dzUvKwoI iv‡Lb bv| Zv‡ì DcvwR©Z mKj ab-m¤ú` we‡`‡k cvPvi K‡ib|

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi cwiev‡ii †jv‡Kiv cÖavbZ fviZ, wm½vcyi,

nsKs, jÛb Ges hy³iv‡óª ab-m¤ú` cvPv K‡ib|

f¨vU cÖZ¨vnvi

1992 mv‡j †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi weGbwc miKvi evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g f¨vU

cÖ_v Pvjy K‡i| Lv‡j`v wRqv f¨vU Pvjy Kivi mgq ZLbKvi we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx

†kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi `j AvIqvgx jxM f¨vU cÖ_v evwZ‡ji `vwe‡Z Av‡›`vjb

ïiæ K‡i| Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ_g ch©v‡q f¨vU cÖ_v evwZ‡ji `vwe‡Z wgwQj mgv‡ek

K‡i †eMg wRqv miKvi‡K wbw ©ó mgqmxgv w`‡q we‡ivax `jxq †bÎx e½eÜy

Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, Gi g‡a¨ f¨vU cÖ_v evwZj bv Ki‡j ninvj Kiv

n‡e|

ZLb e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv‡K ejv n‡jv, Avcwb †h f¨vU evwZ‡ji Rb¨

niZvj AvnŸvb Ki‡Z hv‡”Qb, Avcwb ÿgZvq †M‡j wK Ki‡eb? f¨vU cÖ_v

evwZj Ki‡eb?

c‡iiUv c‡i n‡e, G K_v e‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv wVKB f¨vU

evwZ‡ji `vwe‡Z niZvj Ki‡jb| Avi wZwb (†kL nvwmbv) hLb ÿgZvq G‡jb,

ZLb f¨vU evwZj †Zv ~‡ii K_v, D‡ëv f¨v‡Ui AvIZv Av‡iv evwo‡q w`‡jb|

A_©vr †eMg Lv‡j`v wRqv miKvi †h mKj c‡Yï Dci f¨vU ewm‡qwQ‡jb,

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †m mKj c‡Yï Dci f¨vU envj †Zv ivL‡jbB eis †h

mg Í c‡Yï Dci f¨vU wQj bv †m mg Í c‡Yï DciI f¨vU avh© Ki‡jb|

†Ljv

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wb‡R‡K GKRb eo †L‡jvqvi g‡b

K‡ib| wZwb g‡b K‡ib, wZwb ywbqvi mePvB‡Z `ÿ †L‡jvqvi Ges Zvi g‡Zv

†L‡jvqv‡ii mviv we‡k¦ †Kv‡bv Rywo †bB| wZwb †Lj‡Z fvjev‡mb| ej‡Z †M‡j

†LjvB †hb Zvi GKgvÎ KvR| wZwb mK‡ji mv‡_B †L‡jb| RbZvi mv‡_

†L‡jb| ivR‰bwZK †bZv‡ì mv‡_ †L‡jb| wb‡Ri `‡ji Kgx©‡ì mv‡_

†L‡jb| m¦vgxi mv‡_ †L‡jb| AvZ¥xq-m¦R‡bi mv‡_I †L‡jb, Z‡e Kg †L‡jb|

wb‡Ri †ev‡bi mv‡_ †L‡jb, Z‡e †c‡i D‡Vb bv, aiv c‡i †n‡i hvb|

†Q‡j‡g‡qi mv‡_ †Lj‡Z wM‡q cÖPÐ gvi †L‡q hvb|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv g‡b K‡ib Zvi g‡Zv G‡Zv eo †L‡jvqvi

Avi †bB Ges wZwb †h †Ljv †L‡jb, †m †Ljv aivi ev †evSvi kw³ Kv‡iv †bB|

c„w_exi †KDB Zvi †Ljv ai‡Z cvi‡e bv, eyS‡Z cvi‡e bv| G †Ljvq wZwb

Abb¨, AwØZxq|

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †h †Ljv †L‡jb, †m †Ljvi bvg n‡”Q

cÖZviYvi †Ljv| wZwb mK‡ji mv‡_B cÖZviYvi †Ljv †L‡jb|

wcÖq-AwcÖq, cQ›`-AcQ‡›ì

wcÖq Lv`¨ t Miæi fyox;

wcÖq Mvb t wR‡›`wM wR‡›`wM;

wcÖq e¨w³Z¡ t gyL¨gš¿x †R¨vwZ emy;

mePvB‡Z †ewk †jvf t UvKvi cÖwZ;

mePvB‡Z AcQ‡›ì t bvgvRx gvbyl;

mePvB‡Z m¦w Í Ges Avb‡›ì t gvby‡li jvk;

me‡P‡q †ewk cUy t wg‡_¨ ejvq|

cÖ_g wb‡`©k

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi cÖ_g wb‡ ©k †g‡i †d‡jv| †g‡i jvk

†d‡j `vI| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †Kv‡bv †bZv, Kgx© wKsev mg_©K K_v cÖm‡½I hw`

e‡j cÖkvm‡bi A_ev Ab¨ ivR‰bwZK `‡ji AgyK Avgv‡ì wec‡ÿi, Zvn‡j

m‡½ m‡½ e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv cÖ_‡gB †h wb‡ ©k ev Av‡`k †`b

Zvn‡jv †g‡i †d‡jv, †g‡i †d‡j `vI| Avwg ûKzg w`jvg Lyb K‡i †d‡jv|

hw` †Kvb Kvi‡Y D³ e¨w³‡K nZ¨v Kiv bv hvq Zvn‡j ej‡eb, Nyl `vI,

UvKv `vI| UvKv w`‡q I‡K Avgv‡ì c‡ÿ wb‡q Av‡mv|

1995 mv‡j gvIqv †ivW w`‡q Uyw½cvovq hvIqvi mgq †dwi‡Z 30/40

eQi Av‡M †`k †_‡K hy³iv‡R¨ P‡j hvIqv, hy³iv‡Rï bvMwiK †kL nvwmbv

207 208

miKvi KZ©„K wb‡qvMK…Z wkí FY ms ’vi cwiPvjK cÖ‡dmi Aveyj Av‡mg Zvi

wbR _vbv beveMÄ m¤ú‡K© ej‡jb, beveM‡Ä (XvKv †Rjvi) AvIqvgx jx‡Mi

cÖv_x© †`qv bv †`qv mgvb K_v| beveM‡Äi gvbyl AvIqvgx jxM‡K cQ›` K‡i bv,

†fvUI †`q bv|

G K_v ï‡b e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ej‡jb, iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i

N‡i N‡i Av¸b jvwM‡q †`b| Av¸b jvwM‡q I‡ì cywi‡q †g‡i †d‡jb|

†Kv‡bv †bZv wQj bv

e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv wm×všÍ †Kv‡bv †bZv ev †bZ„¯’vbxq

e¨w³ A_ev Dc‡`óv wKsev Ávbx-¸Yx †Kv‡bv e¨w³i mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i

wb‡Zb bv| g~jZt wZwb wm×všÍ wb‡Zb Zvi Pvicv‡k _vKv †Q‡j-†QvKiv Ges

AvZ¥xq‡ì K_vi Dci fi K‡i| GgbwK e½eÜy Kb¨v †Kv‡bv c`hvÎv, wgwQ‡j

BZ¨vw` hLb Ask †bb ZLb †Kv‡bv †bZv ev †bZ„¯’vbxq †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Zuvi mv‡_

KL‡bvB _vK‡Zb bv| †Kv‡bv †bZv ev H RvZxq †Kv‡bv e¨w³ fyjµ‡g hw`

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎxi cv‡k G‡m co‡Zb, Zvn‡j Zuvi mv‡_ _vKv †Q‡j-

†QvKiviv H †bZv ev e¨w³‡K wKj-Nywl, Pi-_vào GgbwK jvw_-¸Zv w`‡q

Zvwo‡q w`Z| e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv Gme eyS‡Zb bv ev †`L‡Z bv

Zv bq| wZwb G meB Avo‡Pv‡L †`L‡Zb, gRv wb‡Zb, Avi wLjwLj K‡i

nvm‡Zb| g~jZt e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi BÜb I Av¯‹vivi d‡jB

Zvi mv‡_ _vKv †Q‡j-†QvKiviv †bZv‡ì mv‡_ H iKg Pig †eqv`wei AvPvi-

AvPiY Ki‡Z mvnm †cZ|

wPšÍv-fvebv QvovB ejv

†Kv‡bv K_vevZ©v ev †NvlYv †`qvi e¨vcv‡iI Kv‡iv mv‡_ KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv

Av‡jvPbv Kiv †Zv ~‡ii K_v, wb‡RI †Kv‡bv wPšÍv-fvebv bv K‡iB e½eÜy Kb¨v

Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv gy‡L hvB Av‡m, ZvB e‡j †d‡jb ev ZvB †NvlYv w`‡q

†`b| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZviv Ges ïfvbya¨vqxiv memgq UV ’ _v‡Kb, GB eywS

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †eduuvm wKQy e‡jb †d‡jb|

1997 mv‡ji 10B Rvbyhvwi igbv eUg~‡j QvÎjx‡Mi cÖwZôv evwl©Kx‡Z

e³„Zv Kivi mgq e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv †`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e

Zvi gš¿xmfvi gš¿x †Zvdv‡qj Avnv¤§`‡K nvZ Zy‡j †`wL‡q nVvr e‡j DV‡jb,

ÒH †h †Zvdv‡qj fvB‡qiv 1973 mv‡j evsjv‡`k K¨vWvi mvwf©‡m A‡hvM¨

†jvK‡ì PvKwi w`‡qwQj, Zvi GB K_vq `vov‡jv wZwb eZ©gvb cÖavbgš¿x

wn‡m‡e ej‡Qb ev †NvlYv Ki‡Qb eZ©gv‡b ZviB gš¿x †Zvdv‡qj Avnv‡g`

mv‡eK cÖavbgš¿x ZviB wcZv †kL gywRei ingv‡bi Avg‡j 1973 mv‡j

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g K¨vWvi (wewmGm) mvwf©‡m A‡hvM¨ †jvK‡ì PvKwi ev wb‡qvM

w`‡q‡Qb| cÖavbgš¿x ev iv‡óªi wbe©vnx wn‡m‡e GB K_v cÖKv‡k¨ ejvi ci (Zvi

ciw`b mg Í cÎ-cwÎKvq GB msev` Qvcv n‡q‡Q) evsjv‡`k K¨vWvi mvwf©m

(wewmGm 73) 1973 Gi mK‡ji A‡hvM¨Zvi Awf‡hv‡M PvKwi hvIqv DwPr

Ges iv‡óªi ZrKvjxb cÖavb wbe©vnx ev ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

A‡hvM¨ †jvK‡K PvKwi †`qvi Awf‡hv‡M wePvi nIqv DwPr| bB‡j eZ©gvb

c Öavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi weiæ‡× gvbnvwbi gvgjv nIqv DwPr|

ivRv-ev`kv ivóªcwZ-cÖavbgš¿x

AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Rywbqi mvwii †bZviv GKw`b e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL

nvwmbvi cyÎ Rq‡K ej‡Q, ÒAvgiv AvwQ, Avcwb hLb cÖavbgš¿x n‡eb ZLb

Avcbvi mv‡_ Avgiv AvwQ|Ó

Rq ej‡Q, ÒcÖavbgš¿x ivóªcwZ gvby‡li Kv‡Q †fvU wfÿv K‡i| †fvU wfÿv

K‡i Avwg †Kv‡bvw`b ivóªcwZ ev cÖavbgš¿x ne bv| hw` ivRv evbvb Zvn‡j AvwQ,

bB‡j bvB|ÕÕ

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv m‡½ m‡½ ej‡jb, Òevev Avgiv †Zv ivRvB,

AvMvgx‡Z †Zv ZywgB ivRv nev| †Zvgvi bvbv †Zv G‡`‡ki ivRvB wQ‡jb, †Zvgvi

bvbvB †Zv GB †`k m„wó K‡i‡Q, GB †`‡ki gvwjK wQj| PvKi- evKiiv lohš¿

K‡i †Zvgvi bvbv‡K †g‡i wmsnvmb `Lj K‡i‡Q|

Avjxe`x© Luv †hgb evsjvi beve wQ‡jb, Zvic‡i Zuvi bvwZ wmivR‡ÏŠjv beve

n‡qwQj| †Zvgvi bvbv †kL gywRei ingvbI evsjv‡`‡ki ivRv wQj, AvMvgx‡Z

ZywgB evsjv‡`‡ki ivRv n‡e| ivRv ev`kv‡ì AvaywbK bvgB ivóªcwZ–cÖavbgš¿x|

Iqv`v

e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv wbe©vP‡bi Av‡M g~jZt Ges cÖavbZt wZbwU

Iqv`v K‡iwQ‡jb| GB wZbwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Iqv`vi cÖ_gwU n‡”Q – †iwWI–†Uwjwfkb

Gi m¦vqZ¡kvmb|

wØZxqwU n‡”Q – we‡kl ÿgZv AvBb, 1974 (†h AvB‡b wePv‡i †h KvD‡K

KvivMv‡i AvUK ivLv hvq) evwZj Ki‡eb Ges Z„Zxq n‡”Q – wePvi wefvM‡K

cÖkvmb †_‡K Avjv`v ev c„_K Ki‡eb|

209 210

GB wZbwU Iqv`vi cÖ_gwU †Uwjwfkb I †iwWI–Gi m¦vqZ¡kvmb gvkvjøvn|

GUv ejvi ev †jLvi †Kv‡bvB cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv| Gikv`–Gi Avg‡j e½eÜy

Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv jÿ jÿ evi †Uwjwfkb‡K e‡j‡Qb mv‡ne, wewe

†Mvjv‡gi ev·|

†eMg Lv‡j`v wRqvi Avg‡j weiZxnxb I jvMvgnxbfv‡e Ggb †Kv‡bv

Abyôvb †bB †hLv‡b †Uwjwfk‡bi K_v wZwb wewe, †Mvjv‡gi ev· e‡jbwb|

GLb †mB e½eÜy Kb¨v Rb‡bÎx †kL nvwmbv ÿgZvq G‡m cÖavbgš¿x n‡q

Zvi Iqv`v Ggbfv‡e c~iY K‡i‡Qb †h gvbyl GLb e‡j evc-†ewUi ev·|

Avi wØZxq Iqv`v we‡kl ÿgZv AvBb, 1974? cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv webv

wePv‡i gvbyl‡K KvivMv‡i ivLvi GB Kv‡jv AvBbwU evwZj Ki‡eb wKfv‡e?

†Kvb hyw³‡Z? G †h Zvi wcZv †kL gywR‡ei ˆZwi Kiv Kv‡jv AvBb| GB we‡kl

ÿgZv AvB‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi wcZv mv‡eK cÖavbgš¿x †kL gywRei

ingvb gyw³‡hv×vmn G‡`‡ki nvRvi nvRvi wb‡ ©vl wbiciva gvbyl‡K webv

wePv‡i KvivMv‡i AvU‡K †i‡LwQj| wcZvi m„wó Kiv gvbyl‡K wbM„nxZ Kiv I

AZ¨vPvi Kiv GB Kv‡jv AvBb wZwb evwZj Ki‡j, wcZvi †hvM¨ Kb¨v, †hvM¨

DËim~ix wZwb Kxfv‡e `vwe Ki‡eb ?

ZvB wZwb ÿgZvq wM‡qB ej‡jb, we‡kl ÿgZv AvBb, 1974 †m †Zv

evwZj Kivi cÖkœB Av‡m bv| GB †Zv †hvM¨ wcZvi †hvM¨ Kb¨v, †hvM¨ DËim~ix!

evcKv †ewU! GB Kv‡jv AvBbwU ïay cy‡ivcywi envjB ivL‡jb bv| Gi

Kvh©KvwiZvI cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| Kv‡jv AvB‡bi GB cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z wM‡q

we‡ivax `‡ji Pvi †bZv‡K webv Kvi‡Y, webv wePv‡i KvivMv‡i AvUK ivL‡j,

gnvgvb¨ Av`vjZ cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv miKvi‡K kvw Í m¦iƒc A_ © Ð †`q|

GiciI cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi Iqv`vi K_v †Zv g‡b nqBwb, j¾vI nqwb|

nvRvi n‡jI evevi ˆZwi Kiv Ges †i‡L hvIqv, ZvB Kv‡jv AvBbwU envjB

†i‡L‡Qb Ges Z„Zxq Iqv`v wePvi wefvM‡K cÖkvmb †_‡K Avjv`v ev c„_K

Kiv| G wb‡q wZwb fy‡jI Uy kã Ki‡Qb bv| †egvjyg †P‡c hv‡”Qb|

PvwP-fvwZwRi KvÛ

GK ïµevi we‡K‡j †kL gywR‡ei GKgvÎ Avcb fvB †kL bv‡m‡ii weaev

¯¿x †kL †njv‡ji gv cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi PvPx cÖavbgš¿xi miKvwi evmfeb

MYfe‡b G‡m cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K ej‡jb, Ògv †Zvgv‡K †Zv cvB-B bv|

Zywg G‡Zv e¨ Í _v‡Kv| GB Rb¨ Avwg AvwmB bv| LvU‡Z LvU‡Z Zywg GK`g

Kvwnj n‡q †M‡j| GK Kvg K‡iv gv, mßv‡n yBw`b QywU w`‡q w`‡q `vI|

Kg©PvixivI Lywk n‡e †b, AvgivI †Zvgv‡i cvev †b|ÕÕ

ÒAvcwb wVKB †Zv KB‡Qb PvwP|ÕÕ GB K_v e‡j cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Zvi

c‡ii w`bB mßv‡n yBw`b QywU †NvlYv Ki‡jb| Pvwiw`‡K Ges cÎ-cwÎKvq

mßv‡n yBw`b QywU †NvlYv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbvi So DVj| cÎ-cwÎKvq

Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbvq mePvB‡Z †ewk ¸iæZ¡ mnKv‡i we¯§‡qi mv‡_ hv ejv

n‡jv, Zv n‡jv miKv‡ii bxwZ-wba©viKiv mßv‡n yB w`b QywUi e¨vcv‡i wKQyB

Rv‡bb bv| Ggb wK gš¿xmfvi m`mïvI yB w`b QywUi e¨vcv‡i wKQyB Rv‡bb bv

Ges mßv‡n yB w`b QywUi `vweI †KD K‡iwb| Zvn‡j Kvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i

civgk© K‡i mßv‡n yB w`b QywU †`qv n‡jv? GB wb‡q cÎ-cwÎKvq A‡bK w`b

ch©šÍ nBPB Pjj| cÖkœ cÖkœB †_‡K †Mj| DËi wgjj bv| †KD Rvb‡Z cvij

bv| eyS‡Z cvij bv| Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z cvij bv G †h PvwP-fvwZwRi KvÛ!

B‡qm g¨vWvg, Kv‡i± g¨vWvg

B‡qm g¨vWvg, Kv‡i± g¨vWvg| cÖkvm‡bi KvR ïay gš¿x/cÖavbgš¿x‡ì Lywk

Kiv| we‡klZ cÖavbgš¿x‡K ev hw` ivóªcwZ cÖavb wbe©vnx nb Zvn‡j ivóªcwZ‡K

Lywk Kiv| evwoi PvKi ev eveywP©‡K hw` gwbe wKQy ûKzg K‡ib, Zvn‡j PvKi ev

eveywP©I gwbe‡K Zvi ûKz‡gi fvj-g›` wKQy ej‡e| wKš‘ cÖavbgš¿x wb‡ ©k Ki‡j

miKv‡ii Kg©KZ©viv KL‡bvB wb‡ ©‡ki fvjg›` m¤ú‡K© cÖavbgš¿x‡K wKQyB ej‡e

bv|

gwbe hw` eveywP©‡K mKvj `k/GMv‡ivUvq evB‡ii Kv‡Ri ûKzg K‡ib,

Zvn‡j eveywP© gwbe‡K ej‡e, Avwg GLb evB‡i †M‡j ivbœvi ÿwZ n‡e, Avcbvi

LvIqvi Amyweav n‡e| wKš‘ cÖavbgš¿x †h Av‡`k †`b miKvwi Kg©KZ©viv †m

Av‡`k g‡ZvB KvR K‡i hvb|

cÖavbgš¿xi gyL¨mwPe, mwPe Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©KZ©v‡ì cÖavbZt KvR n‡”Q

†fv‡i Nyg †_‡K D‡V c‡K‡U KvMR I Kjg wb‡q cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi

evmfe‡b nvwRi nIqv Ges cÖavbgš¿x Nyg †_‡K D‡V hLb hv ej‡eb, Zv

c‡K‡Ui KvM‡R †jLv I †mB g‡Zv KvR K‡i hvIqv| GB Kv‡Ri fv‡jv-g›`

m¤ú‡K© Zviv KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv AwfgZ †`b bv| ïay e‡jb B‡qm g¨vWvg, Kv‡i±

g¨vWvg, ivBU g¨vWvg| cÖavbgš¿xi Av‡`k-wb‡ ©‡ki g‡a¨ miKvwi Kg©KZ©viv

fv‡jv Qvov KL‡bvB g›` wKQz †`‡Lb bv|

211 212

G‡ÿ‡Î Kg©KZ©v‡ì AwfgZ n‡jv, fv‡jv-g‡›ì `vqfvi †Zv Avgv‡ì bv|

Avgiv miKvwi Kg©Pvix| miKvi hv ej‡eb ev †h wb‡ ©k Ki‡eb, Avgiv ZvB

Kie| fv‡jv-g‡›ì `vq-`vwqZ¡ miKv‡ii| gvk©vj ÔjÕ miKvi AvmyK, Avi

RbMY KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ miKviB AvmyK, hLb †h miKvi Avm‡e, Avgiv miKvwi

Kg©KZ©v wn‡m‡e †mB miKv‡ii ûKzg-nvKvg cvjb Kie| GB–B Avgv‡ì

KvR| fv‡jv-g›` Kv‡Ri wnmve-wbKvk Kivi `vwqZ¡ miKv‡ii Ges hviv miKvi

wbe©vwPZ K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì| miKvwi Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix wn‡m‡e Avgv‡ì GKgvÎ KvR

miKvi‡K Lywk Kiv| miKvi‡K gv‡b cÖavbgš¿x‡K hZ Lywk Ki‡Z cvie AvgivI

ZZB mdj n‡Z cvie|

Kv‡K cÖ_g mr n‡Z n‡e

Kv‡K cÖ_g mr n‡Z n‡e? Avgv‡ì †`‡ki †h KiæY Ae ’v, GB Ae ’vq

Kvi cÖ_g mr nIqv cÖ‡qvRb? ev Kv‡K cÖ_g mr Kiv ìKvi? mviv †`‡ki mg Í

cÖkvm‡bi i‡Ü« i‡Ü« Amr e¨w³‡ì †h AmZZv, GB AmZZvi nvZ †_‡K gyw³

†c‡Z n‡j, †`k‡K euvPv‡Z n‡j, cÖkvm‡bi †Kvb e¨w³‡K cÖ_g mr n‡Z n‡e?

GB iKg GKUv wPšÍv, GKUv fvebv Ges AbymÜvb `xN©w`b a‡i gv_vq NyicvK

Lvw”Qj| wKš‘ GB wPšÍv-fvebv Ges AbymÜv‡bi GKUv dj cvIqv hvw”Qj bv|

Avevi gv_v †_‡K GUv †d‡j †`qvI hvw”Qj bv| †`‡ki GB AwnbK~j Ae ’vq

cÖkvm‡bi Kv‡K cÖ_g mr nIqv DwPZ, †K cÖ_g mr n‡j cÖkvm‡bi Amr e¨w³iv

wbqš¿‡Y Avm‡e| gv_vi GB fvebvUv ~i bv n‡ZB, 1998 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m

evsjv‡`k eb wefv‡Mi K·evRvi †i÷ nvDm–G eb wefv‡Mi wWGdI

(wWwfkbvj d‡i÷ Awdmvi)†ì GK êVK emj| cÖvq 20/25 Rb wWGdI

êV‡K Dcw ’Z n‡jb| êV‡Ki Av‡jvP¨ welq n‡jv miKvi KZ…©K bZzb wmwmGd

(Pxd KbRvi‡fUi Ad d‡i÷) ev cÖavb eb msiÿK wb‡qvM `vb cÖm½|

wWGdIÕ†ì êV‡K Av‡jvPbv n‡jv, bZzb wmwmGd cÖv_©x cuvPRb| GB cuvPR‡bi

g‡a¨ eZ©gv‡b whwb wmwmGd Av‡Qb wZwb PvKwii †gqv` evwo‡q wmwmGd c‡`

Av‡iv _vK‡Z Pvb Ges evwK PviRb wmGd (KbRvi‡fUi Ad d‡i÷) wmwmGd

n‡Z Pvb| GB cuvPRb wmwmGd cÖv_©xB Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e wWGdI‡ì Kv‡Q

Nyl ev Puv`v wn‡m‡e †gvUv A‡¼i UvKv Pv‡”Qb| wWGdIÕ†ì KvQ †_‡K GB

†gvUv A‡¼i UvKv wb‡q wmwmGd cÖv_©xiv wbR¯ eë ’vcbvq ev wbR¯ P¨v‡b‡j

wmwmGd nIqvi Rb¨ ebgš¿x‡K Nyl †`‡eb| Ges †h‡nZz wmwmGd GKUv

¸iæZ¡c~Y© c` ZvB GB c‡` KvD‡K wb‡qvM †`qvi Av‡M cÖavbgš¿xi GKUv m¤§wZ

ebgš¿x‡K wb‡ZB n‡e| Avi ZvB wmwmGd cÖv_©x‡ì KvQ †_‡K †bqv Ny‡li UvKv

†_‡K GKUv eo Ask cÖavbgš¿x‡K ebgš¿xi w`‡Z n‡e| bB‡j wmwmGd c‡`

wb‡qvM †`qv n‡e bv| ebgš¿x I cÖavbgš¿x‡K Nyl †`qvi GB cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq †h

cÖv_©x m‡e©v”P UvKv †`‡eb wZwbB wmwmGd n‡eb| GB Rb¨B wmwmGd cÖv_©xiv

wWGdIÕ†ì KvQ †_‡K †gvUv A‡¼i UvKv `vwe K‡i‡Q| wWGdIÕ†ì Av‡jvP¨

welq n‡jv, Avgiv †h wmwmGd cÖv_©x‡K UvKv †`‡ev wZwb wmwmGd bv n‡q, †h

cÖv_©x‡K UvKv †`‡ev bv †mB cÖv_©xB hw` wmwmGd n‡q hvq Zvn‡j †Zv Avgv‡ì

e`wj K‡i †nW †KvqvU©v‡i wb‡q Kg©nxb K‡i ivLv n‡e| wWGdI wn‡m‡e wd‡ì

†_‡K †``vi‡Q †h UvKv Zviv Kvgvw”Q Zv eÜ n‡q hv‡e| ZvB me©m¤§wZµ‡g

wWGdIÕMY wm×všÍ wbj †h, mKj wmwmGd cÖv_©x‡K mgvb UvKv †`qv n‡e Ges

†`qv n‡jvI ZvB|

whwb bZzb wmwmGd n‡q‡Qb (Avãym mvËvi) wZwb gš¿x Ges cÖavbgš¿xi

UvKv GKÎ K‡i ebgš¿xi Kv‡Q bv w`‡q Avjv`vfv‡e wfbœ wfbœ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|

bZzb wmwmGd Rbve Avãym mvËvi cÖavbgš¿xi Ask ebgš¿xi nv‡Z bv w`‡q

†mvRv P‡j †M‡jb XvKvi †eBwj †iv‡Wi Uv½vBj wgwóN‡ii wVK mv‡_ jv‡Mvqv

wcQ‡b Z…Zxq Zjv wewìs 12 b¤i wbD †eBwj †iv‡W, †hLv‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL

nvwmbvi K¨vwkqvi Kvg †QvU †evb †kL †invbvi Aa© weKjv½ ¯vgx kwdK wmwÏKx

XvK‡Xvj wcwU‡q Z`weiKviK †P¤vi Ly‡j‡Qb| †mLv‡b wM‡q kwdK wmwÏKx‡K

bv †c‡q wmwmGd cÖv_©x Avãym mvËvi †M‡jb †kL nvwmbv I †kL †invbvi

gvwjKvbvaxb weRq bM‡ii mys Mv‡W©b PvqwbR †i÷z‡i‡›U| GB †i÷z‡i‡›Ui

g¨v‡bRvi Bmjvg‡K Z` &we‡ii welq Ly‡j ejvi ci g¨v‡bRvi Bmjvg wmwmGd

cÖv_©x Avãym mvËvi‡K m‡½ wb‡q P‡j †M‡jb ebvbxi Av‡e` UvIqv‡ii wbP Zjvq

Aew¯’Z †kL nvwmbv I †kL †invbv‡ì gvwjKvbvaxb Aci †i÷z‡i›U ÔdvD‡›Ub

diPzb †i÷z‡i›U GÛ eviÕ–G| wmwmGd cÖv_©x Avãym mvËvi GLv‡bB kwdK

wmwÏKxi nv‡Z cÖavbgš¿xi AskUv w`‡jb Ges wZwb (Rbve Avãym mvËvi) bZzb

wmwmGd wb‡qvM †c‡jb|

Zvn‡j wK uvovj? G‡`k †_‡K ~b©xwZ ~i Ki‡Z, Nyl ~i Ki‡Z Kv‡K

cÖ_g mr n‡Z n‡e?

ivóªcwZ ev cÖavbgš¿x whwb iv‡óªi cÖavb wbe©vnx Zv‡KB cÖ_g mr n‡Z n‡e|

cÖavbgš¿xi mZZv Avi `ÿZvq gš¿xiv mr n‡e| Zvici mwPeiv| Gfv‡eB Av‡ Í

Av‡ Í ax‡i ax‡i †MvUv †`‡k b¨vq I mZZvi kvmb Kv‡qg n‡Z cv‡i|

GB wPšÍvi mv‡_ wØgZ †cvlY K‡i Wvt bvRbxb †eMg d¨vÝx GgweweGm,

GgIwR, IwcwW, XvKv †gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZvj, XvKv| Ges Zvi ¯vgx Wvt

213 214

ingvZzj evix jvejy, GgweweGm, GmBGg I GbAvB, wmwWwW, †k‡ievsjv bMi,

XvKv; e‡j‡Qb me©cÖ_g RbMY‡K mr n‡Z n‡e| RbMY †Kv‡bv Ae ’v‡ZB †hb

Amr e¨w³‡ì †bZv ev cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ bv K‡i| wbe©vwPZ Kivi Av‡M

`‡ji w`‡K bv ZvwK‡q e¨w³i mZZvi w`‡K Mfxifv‡e jÿ¨ †i‡L †hb †fvU

†`q Ges RbcÖwZwbwa wbe©vwPZ K‡i|

†ckvq wPwKrmK GB `¤úwË GB cÖm‡½ avbgwÐ–†gvnv¤§`cyi †_‡K 1996

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kvmb cÖwZwôZ n‡e|

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mZ¨ K_v e‡jb, Zvn‡jB Avcwb †bZvi Kv‡Q n‡eb AMÖnY‡hM¨ e¨w³| †bZv ev

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ev KvR Ki‡e, Zv‡KB me‡P‡q †hvM¨ I AvbyMZ¨kxj g‡b Kiv| Gi evB‡i wZwb

Avi wKQzB g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| A_©vr fzj K‡iB †nvK, A_ev B‡”Q K‡iB

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†KD hw` g‡b K‡i Zvi (†kL nvwmbvi) fzj n‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j Zv‡K ivRbxwZi

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gvbyl g„Zzï w`‡K Qz‡U †hZ, cig KiæYvgq Avjøvn&i ìev‡i nvZ Zz‡j wb‡Ri

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ivóªcwZ GUv mK‡jB ¯xKvi K‡ib| 1975 mv‡ji 15B AvM÷ gmwR‡`

dR‡ii Avhvb n‡”Q, Avm&mvjvZz LvBiæg& wgbvb& bvIg, Avm&mvjvZz LvBiæg&

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KgvÛv‡ii Kv‡Q †dvb K‡i‡Qb| Zvi wbivcËvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ †mbv BDwbU

cÖav‡bi Kv‡Q †dvb K‡i‡Qb| cywj‡ki AvBwRi Kv‡Q †dvb K‡i‡Qb| cywjk

K‡›Uªvj iæ‡g †dvb Ki‡jb| MYfe‡b †dvb Ki‡jb| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv RvqMv †_‡KB

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cvVv‡jb bv| †h e¨w³i G‡Zv †jvKRb, GZ Xvj-Z‡jvqvi, GZ Abymvix, GZ

ÿgZv, Zv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z, Zvi cÖvY euvPv‡Z †KD–B GwM‡q G‡jv bv|

215 216

gvby‡li Rb¨ wb‡ew`Z cÖvY, †`k‡cÖwgK‡K e›`x K‡i wePvi bv K‡i

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hvbwb|

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hLb MYfe‡b e½eÜzi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z hvB, Avgv‡K †`‡LB e½eÜz e‡j

DV‡jb, c„w_ex‡Z Ggb †KD Av‡Q, †h Avgvi ìev‡i nvwRi n‡e bv? e‡j

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m‡e©me©v g‡b bv Kiv| gvbyl‡K fvjevmv|

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nvwmbv, †kL †invbv Ges Zv‡ì cwievi-cwiRb AvZ¥xqiv 15B AvM÷ †_‡K

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Ac` Í K‡i cÖPÐ Avb›`‡eva K‡i|

Kvi KZ UvKv

cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv Ges Zvi †QvU †evb †kL †invbvi GLb GKB

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GKwU G¨vKvD›U nIqvi wewbg‡q Av‡cvl n‡q‡Q| GB yB †ev‡bi eZ©gv‡b

Av‡gwiKvq (gvwK©b hy³ivóª) wZbwU wWcvU©‡g›Uvj †÷vi n‡q‡Q| Gi GKwU

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217 218

cÖK…Z RvZxq m½xZ bq| †`k ¯vax‡bi c‡i RvZxq m½xZ wn‡m‡e gnj

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Kvgvj †nv‡mb‡K ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgvi 7B gv‡P©i e³„Zvi c‡q›U ˆZwi K‡i

†`‡e Ges Avwg H c‡q›U–Gi Dc‡i wb‡Ri fvlvq e³…Zv Kie| wZwb Av‡iv

ej‡jb, †Zvgiv e³…Zvi c‡q›U¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e Ki‡e hv‡Z Avwg H c‡q›U¸‡jv

e³„Zvq ej‡j cvwK Ívb KvVv‡gvq †Kv‡bv ÿwZ bv nq Ges cvwKšÍvb AvB‡b Zv

†hb †eCgvwb bv nq|

ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§` I Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb yR‡b wg‡j †kL gywRei ingvb–

Gi 7B gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvl‡Yi c‡q›U ˆZwi K‡i †`b| Ges 7B gv‡P© †kL

219 220

gywRei ingvb hLb e³…Zv w`‡Z _v‡Kb, ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§` ZLb e³…Zvi

Wvqv‡mi wb‡P e‡m e³…Zvi c‡q›U¸‡jv wgwj‡q †`L‡Z _v‡Kb| †kL gywRei

ingvb ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§`, Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb Ges Ab¨vb¨ †bZv‡ì e‡jb,

Gevi Avgv‡K cvwK Ív‡bi ÿgZv w`‡Z n‡e| hw` Avgv‡K ÿgZv bv †`q, Zvn‡j

†Zvgv‡ì hv Kivi †Zvgiv Zv Ki‡e|

GB K_v¸‡jv 31†k A‡±vei, kwbevi, 1998 mÜ¨v mvZUvq 122/124

gwZwSj †g‡UªvcwjUb †P¤vi wewìs–Gi Z…Zxq Zjvq Zuvi wb‡Ri †P¤v‡i e‡m Wt

Kvgvj †nv‡mb wb‡Ri gy‡L e‡j‡Qb| Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb Ges

„pZvi mv‡_ e‡j‡Qb wZwb Ges e¨vwi÷vi Avwgbyj BmjvgB †kl yB e¨w³ hviv

1971 mv‡ji 25†k gvP© iv‡Z (ivZ `kUv–GMviUvq) avbgwÐ ewÎk b¤‡i

e½eÜzi evmv †_‡K e½eÜzi mv‡_ K_v e‡j †ewi‡q G‡m †mvRv ZvRywÏb

Avnv‡¤§‡ì evmvq hvb| wKš‘ ZLb ch©šÍ e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZv

†NvlYvi wel‡q wKQzB e‡jbwb|

Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì evmvq _vK‡ZB ivZ mv‡o ev‡ivUv–

GKUvq Kzwgjøv †_‡K wbe©vwPZ GgGbG (†g¤vi Ad b¨vkbvj G¨v‡m¤wj)

gyRvd&di mv‡ne G‡m Lei †`b †h, cvwK¯Ívb Avwg© wcjLvbv (eZ©gvb wewWAvi

†nW †KvqvU©vi), ivRvievM cywjk †nW †KvqvU©vi Ges wbixn mvaviY gvby‡li

Dci AvµgY K‡i‡Q| GB msev` †kvbvi ci ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§`mn mK‡jB hvi

hvi wbivc` ¯’v‡b cvwj‡q hvb|

25†k gv‡P© ev Zvi c‡i, K‡e †Kv_vq Kvi Kv‡Q Ges Kxfv‡e e½eÜz †kL

gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb wR‡Ám Kiv n‡j Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb

e‡jb, GUv Avgvi Rvbv †bB| ï‡b‡Qb wKbv wRÁvmv Kiv n‡j Wt Kvgvj e‡jb,

bv Avwg ïwbwb| Avgv‡K †KD e‡jwb|

K‡e †Kvb mg‡q e½eÜz‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nq? Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Wt Kvgvj

e‡jb G wel‡q mePvB‡Z fv‡jv ej‡Z cvi‡eb eZ©gvb cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv,

†Kbbv wZwb ZLb e½eÜz Kb¨v wn‡m‡e H evwo‡ZB wQ‡jb| GKgvÎ e½eÜz

cwiev‡ii m`m¨ Qvov Gm‡ei mwVK DËi Ab¨ †KD w`‡Z cvi‡e bv| Wt Kvgvj

†nv‡mb‡K GwcÖj gv‡mi 4 ZvwiL †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| 4Vv GwcÖj, 1971 Wt

Kvgvj †MÖdZvi nIqv ch©šÍ †kL gywRei ingvb ZvRyÏxb Avnv‡¤§`mn Kv‡iv

mv‡_B †Kv‡bv cÖKvi †hvMv‡hvM Zuvi nqwb| 4Vv GwcÖj †MÖdZvi K‡i Wt Kvgvj

†nv‡mb‡K cÖ_‡g XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U wb‡q hvIqv nq Ges 5B GwcÖj, 1971

cvwK Ív‡bi ivRavbx ivIqvjwcwÐi nwicyi †R‡j wb‡q hvIqv nq|

cvwK Ív‡bi nwicyi †R‡j 5B GwcÖj †_‡K 28†k wW‡m¤i ch©šÍ Wt Kvgvj

†nv‡mb‡K ivLv nq| GB †R‡j Wt Kvgvj‡K gvbwmK wbh©vZb Kiv nq| †gvUv

†gvUv †jvnvi wMÖj w`‡q †Niv †QvU GKwU AÜKvi cÖ‡Kv‡ôi evB‡i KL‡bvB Wt

Kvgvj †nv‡mb‡K †ei n‡Z †`qv nqwb| Wt Kvgvj‡K KL‡bvB †K‡bv cÖKvi

msev`cÎ ev †iwWI †`qv n‡Zv bv| 1971 mv‡ji wW‡m¤i gv‡mi gvSvgvwS

mg‡qi ci nVvr K‡i cvwK¯Ívb †Rj KZ…©cÿ Wt Kvgvj †nv‡m‡bi mv‡_

m¤§vbRbK AvPiY Ki‡Z ïiæ Ki‡j wZwb GKUv weivU cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q e‡j

g‡b g‡b aviYv K‡ib| 28†k wW‡m¤i cvwK Ív‡bi nvhviv †Rjvi Kvwkg wkqvjv

†M÷ nvD‡R Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb Ges e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb GK m‡½ wgwjZ

nb|

†KD †KD e‡j‡Qb Ges `vwe K‡i‡Qb †h, 1971 mv‡ji 25†k gv‡P©i

wèvMZ ivZ 12:00 Uvi ci A_©vr Nwoi mgq 26†k gvP© iv‡Z †kL gywRei

ingvb †UwjMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| hwÌ †kL

gywRei ingvb wb‡R KL‡bvB e‡jbwb †h, 26†k gvP© wZwb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv

K‡iwQ‡jb| ZviciI M‡elYv I wePvi-we‡køl‡Yi cÖ‡qvR‡b GB `vwe †g‡b wb‡j

wK †`Lv hv‡e? †UwjMÖvg n‡”Q Ggb GKwU we`¨v †h Gi GKRb †cÖiK Ges

GKRb cÖvcK _vK‡Z n‡e| †kL gywRei ingvb hw` †cÖiK wn‡m‡e †UwjMÖv‡gi

gva¨‡g ¯vaxbZvi †NvlYv cvwV‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Aek¨B GKRb cÖvcK wn‡m‡e

†UwjMÖvgwU †c‡q‡Qb| †mB cÖvcKwU †K? †kL gywRei ingvb †UwjMÖvgwU Kvi

Kv‡Q cvwV‡qwQ‡jb? A_©vr †UwjMÖv‡gi cÖvcK †K wQ‡jb? AvR ch©šÍ †mB

†mŠfvMëvb e¨w³wUi †`Lv wgjj bv, cwiPq wgjj bv, ejv n‡e †UwjMÖv‡gi

gva¨‡g †NvlYv cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_P hvi Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q AbymÜvb K‡iI

Zvi nw`m wgj‡e bv, HwZnvwmK cÖ‡qvR‡bI cÖvc‡Ki mÜvb wgj‡e bv, GUv

mwVK bq| †UwjMÖv‡gi †cÖiK _vK‡j AwZ Aek¨B cÖvcK _vK‡Z n‡e| cÖvcK

Qvov †UwjMÖvg †cÖiY Kiv hvq bv Ges cÖvcK Qvov †cÖiKI _v‡K bv| †h‡nZz

cÖvcK †bB, †m‡nZz †cÖiKI wQj bv e‡j †UwjMÖv‡g ¯vaxbZv †NvlYvi welqwUi

mgvvwß Uvbv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr 26†k gvP© iv‡Z †UwjMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g †kL gywRei

ingv‡bi ¯vaxbZv †NvlYvi c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv hyw³ †bB Ges AbymÜvb, M‡elYv I

we‡kølY K‡i Gi c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv cÖgvY Lyu‡R cvIqv hvqwb| ZvQvov gyw³hy‡×i

mdj †bZ…Z¡ `vbKvix Ges evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g cÖavbgš¿x ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§`,

A ’vqx ivóªcwZ ˆmq` bRiæj Bmjvg, gybmyi Avjx, Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb Ges

Ab¨vb¨ †bZ…e„›` _vK‡Z Zuv‡ì Kv‡Q ¯vaxbZvi †NvlYv bv w`‡q †UwjMÖv‡gi

gva¨‡g †NvlYvi †Kv‡bv KviY _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|

221 222

Wt bxwjgv Beªvnx‡gi `vwe Abyhvqx 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡YB (bxwjgvwì fvlvq)

RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| 7B gvP©–B

Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv wèm| hw` ZvB n‡e, Z‡e †kL gywRei ingvb 1972 mv‡ji

10B Rvbyqvwi ¯vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i †Zv ej‡jb bv †h, Avwg 7B

gv‡P© ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡iwQ Ges 7B gvP©B Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZv wèm| Dciš‘

wZwbB (†kL gywRei ingvbB) ¯vaxb †`‡ki miKvi cÖavb wn‡m‡e 26†k

gvP©‡KB ¯vaxbZv wèm wn‡m‡e cÖ_g cQ›` K‡i‡Qb|

†kL gywRei ingvb 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi gaëZ©x ch©v‡qi GK RvqMvq wVKB

e‡jb, ÒGev‡ii msMÖvg gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯vaxbZvi msMÖvg|Ó – G

K_v e‡jB wZwb cvwK Ívwb kvmK‡ì Kv‡Q PviwU kZ© w`‡q Zvi e³…Zv †kl

K‡ib| †kL gywRRi ingvb fvl‡Yi †kl ch©v‡q cvwK Ív‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U †Rbv‡ij

Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jb, Avgvi `vwe gvb‡Z n‡e cÖ_g (1) mvgwiK AvBb

gvk©vj ÔjÕ DB_Wª Ki‡Z n‡e| (2) mg Í †mbvevwnbxi †jvK‡K e¨viv‡K †diZ

wb‡Z n‡e| (3) †hfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi Z`šÍ Ki‡Z n‡e| (4) Rb

cÖwZwbwa‡ì Kv‡Q (A_©vr Zvi wb‡Ri Kv‡Q) ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e| GB

PviwU `vwei g‡a¨ †kL gywRei ingvb–Gi Kv‡Q ÿgZv n ÍvšÍi Kiv, A_©vr †kL

gywRei ingvb‡K cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x KivB gyL¨ I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwe| GLv‡b

wePvi-we‡kølY I we‡ePbvi welq n‡jv hw` cvwK Ív‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U †Rbv‡ij

Bqvwnqv Lvb †kL gywR‡ei 7B gv‡P©i `vwe †g‡b wbZ, Zvn‡j wK n‡Zv?

evsjv‡`k wK ¯vaxb n‡Zv? Kwe wbg©‡j› y ¸‡Yi fvlvq, Zvn‡j Avi hvB †nvK,

GB hvÎvq evsjv‡`k ¯vaxb n‡Zv bv| †kL gywR‡ei 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi `vwe

Abyhvqx †kL gywRe‡K hw` cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x Kiv n‡Zv, Zvn‡j wbðqB

evsjv‡`‡k ¯vaxb n‡Zv bv| cvwK¯ÍvbB †_‡K †h‡Zv| 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y †kL

gywRei ingvb cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbx‡K ûuwkqvi K‡i w`‡q ej‡jb, ÒAvgiv

†Zvgv‡ì fv‡Z gvie| cvwb‡Z gvie| †Zvgiv Avgv‡ì fvB, †Zvgiv e¨viv‡K

_v‡Kv, †KD †Zvgv‡ì wKQz ej‡e bv|

cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbx 7B gvP© †_‡K 25†k gvP© ivZ 12:00 Uv ch©šÍ

e¨viv‡K iBj| †KD †ei n‡jv bv| Gw`‡K cvwK¯Ívwbiv 7B gv‡P©i c‡i cwðg

cvwK Ívb †_‡K c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b A_©vr AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡k XvKv–†ZRMuv

Gqvi‡cvU© (wegvbe›ì) w`‡q wegv‡b K‡i wèvivwÎ 24 N›Uv ˆmb¨ Avb‡Z

jvMj| 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y †kL gywRei ingvb ej‡jb, Ò†h ch©šÍ Avgvi `vwe

Av`vq bv n‡e, LvRbv-U¨v· me eÜ K‡i †`qv n‡jv, †`D w`‡e bv|Ó

RbMY cvwK Ívb miKvi‡K LvRbv-U¨v· †`qv eÜ K‡i w`‡jv| †kL gywRei

ingvb Av‡iv ej‡jb, ÒGB c~e© evsjv †_‡K cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b GK cqmvI cvPvi

n‡Z cvi‡e bv| wZb N›Uv e¨vsK †Lvjv _vK‡e ïay Kg©Pvix‡ì gvqbvcÎ †bqvi

Rb¨| wVKB e¨vsK¸‡jv †_‡K cvwK Ív‡b GK cqmvI cvPvi n‡jv bv| miKvwi

Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvixiv †kL gywR‡ei wb‡ ©‡kB Pj‡Z jvMj| miKvwi-†emiKvwi

cÖkvmb m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c †kL gywRei ingv‡bi wbqš¿‡Y P‡j †Mj| GMvi kZ gvBj

~‡i gvSLv‡b fvi‡Zi g‡Zv wekvj iv‡óªi Icvi †_‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Avi wKQzB

Kivi _vKj bv| evsjv‡`k Kvh©Z cvwK Ívb †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q Avjv`v †`‡k

cwiYZ n‡jv|

7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y †kL gywRei ingvb cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K Avi GKwU ˆmbÏ

c~e© evsjvq Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv, GB K_vwU ejvq wegv‡b K‡i cvwK Ívb †_‡K

ˆmb¨ Avm‡ZB jvMj|

23†k gvP© cvwK¯Ívb wèm| GB cvwK Ívb wè‡m GKgvÎ †kL gywRei

ingv‡bi avbgwÐ evwo Qvov GB evsjvi miKvwi-†emiKvwi †Kv‡bv Awdm

Av`vj‡Z Ges †Kv_vI cvwK¯Ívwb cZvKvi wPýgvÎ †`Lv hvqwb|

†`‡ki me©Î DowQj ¯vaxb evsjvi cZvKv| †KejgvÎ †kL gywRei

ingv‡bi evwo‡Z GKgvÎ cvwK Ívwb cZvKv D‡Ëvjb Kiv n‡qwQj| c‡i XvKv

wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GK`j QvÎ avbgwÐ ewÎk b¤‡i †kL gywR‡ei evwo‡Z wM‡q

†Rvic~e©K cvwK Ívwb cZvKv bvwg‡q Zv‡Z Av¸b jvwM‡q †`q| H mgq †kL

gywRei ingvb Zvi evwo‡Z _vK‡jI N‡ii evB‡i Av‡mbwb|

GK mvgwiK cwimsL¨v‡b †`Lv hvq 1971 mv‡ji 7B gvP© ch©šÍ c~e©

cvwK Ív‡b (AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡k) hZ cvwK Ívwb ˆmb¨ wQj, Zvi kZKiv 65

kZvsk wQj evOvwj, hviv 25†k gv‡P©i ci gyw³hy‡× Ask wb‡qwQj Ges 35

kZvsk wQj g~j cvwK¯Ívwb (cvÄvwe, †ejyP, cvVvb)| GB 35 kZvsk cvwK¯Ívwb

ˆmb¨‡ì AwaKvsk wQj Awdmvi hviv hy× cwiPvjbv K‡i| wKš‘ mivmwi hy×

K‡i bv|

Avi 65 kZvsk evOvwj cvwK¯Ívwb ˆmwbK‡ì g‡a¨ cÖvq mevB wQj bb

Kwgkb Avi wmcvnx, hviv mivmwi hy× K‡i| 1971–Gi 7B gvP© ch©šÍ cvwK Ívwb

†mbvevwnbxi AevOvwj 35 kZvsk ˆmb¨, cvwK Ívwb evOvwj 65 kZvsk ˆmbï

Kv‡Q GK ai‡bi wRw¤§ `kvqB wQj|

7B gv‡P©i ci †_‡K 25†k gvP© ch©šÍ cvwK Ívwbiv, evOvwj ˆmb¨‡ì PvB‡Z

20/30 ¸Y †ewk AevOvwj (cvÄvwe, †ejyP BZ¨vw`) ˆmb¨ XvKv Av‡b| Ges

ZviciB 25†k gvP© ivZ 12:00 Uvi ci evOvwj‡ì Dci AvµgY ïiæ K‡i|

223 224

†kL gywRei ingvb hw` mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©B Kvqg‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv

PvB‡Zb Zvn‡j 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y †kL gywRei ingvb cvwK¯Ív‡bi ÿgZvq

hvIqvi `vwei Avov‡j ¯vaxbZv cÖm½wU Pvcv bv w`‡q, cwi®‹vi K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki

¯vaxbvZv †NvlYv Ki‡Zb| †MvUv evOvwj RvwZi †`qv ¯vaxbZv †NvlYvi `vwqZ¡wU

†kL gywRei ingvb hw` cvjb K‡i ej‡Zb, Avwg AvR †_‡K evsjv‡`k‡K

¯vaxb ivóª wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kijvg, GLb †_‡K cvwK Ív‡bi mv‡_ Avgv‡ì Avi

†Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| Avgiv ¯vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivóª, Avgv‡ì †`‡ki bvg

evsjv‡`k| cvw Ívb †_‡K GKwU ˆmbÏ Avi Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv| wegvbe›ì eÜ

K‡i †`qv n‡jv Ges evsjv‡`‡k Ae ’vbiZ cvwK Ívwb ˆmb¨‡ì e›`x Kiv n‡jv|

Zvn‡j webv i³cv‡Z, webv hy‡× Avgiv ¯vaxb ivóª Ges RvwZ wn‡m‡e c„w_exi

gvbwP‡Î ¯’vb †cZvg|

gvSLv‡b fvi‡Zi g‡Zv wekvj kÎæ ivR¨ cvwo w`‡q, GMvi kZ gvBj ~i

†_‡K cvwK Ívb‡ì Avi wKQzB Kivi _vKZ bv| †hgb 1971–Gi 16B wW‡m¤i

cvwK Ívwb ˆmb¨‡ì e›`x Kivi ci cvwK Ívwb‡ì wKQzB Kivi wQj bv| Lye

eo‡Rvi n‡j cvwK Ívwb 35 kZvsk AevOvwj ˆm‡bï mv‡_ 65 kZvsk evOvwj

ˆmb¨‡ì GKwU LyeB †QvULvU Ges mxwgZ hy× ev jovB n‡Zv, hv †KejgvÎ

K¨v›Ub‡g‡›UB mxgveÜ _vKZ| cwi‡ek cwiw ’wZ Ges m¤ú~Y© my‡hvM _vKv m‡Ë¡I

†kL gywRei ingvb ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv Kivi `vwqZ¡ cvjb bv Kivq Avgv‡ì

¯vaxbZv †c‡Z jÿ jÿ gvbyl‡K AKvZ‡i cÖvY w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| jÿ jÿ gv-

†ev‡bi B¾Z wb‡Z n‡q‡Q|

7B gv‡P©i fvlY t wUª‡gbWvm KwÛkbvj w¯úP

Avm‡j †kL gywR‡ei 7B gv‡P©i fvlY‡K we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e

cvwK Ív‡bi ÿgZvq hvIqvi Rb¨ GwU GKwU PgKcÖ` AmvaviY kZ©hy³ fvlY|

Bs‡iwR‡Z hv‡K ejv n‡e wUª‡gbWvm KwÛkbvj w¯úP| GB fvlY‡K †Kv‡bv

wePvi-we‡køl‡YB ¯vaxbZvi †NvlYv ejv hv‡e bv| BwZnv‡mi wePvi-we‡køl‡Y

†kL gywRei ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY‡K ejv hvq wUª‡gbWvm KwÛkbvj w¯úP ev

PgKcÖ` AmvaviY kZ©hy³ fvlY| †kL gywRei ingvb hw` 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y

cÖK…Z A‡_©B P‚ovšÍfv‡e ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡iB _vK‡eb, Zvn‡j t–

(1) H fvl‡YB cvwK¯Ív‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqvi Kv‡Q

cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x nIqvi `vwe K‡iwQ‡jb †Kb? H fvl‡Yi gyL¨

I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqB wQj †kL gywRei ingvb‡K cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x

Kiv|

(2) 23†k gvP© cvwK Ívb wè‡m †kL gywRe Zvi avbgwÐi evwo‡Z ¯vaxb

evsjvi cZvKvi cwie‡Z© cvwK Ív‡bi cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡iwQ‡jb

†Kb?

†kL nvwmbvi HK¨g‡Zï miKv‡ii gš¿x Av, m, g ie `vwe K‡i‡Qb,

ivóªxqfv‡e 2iv gvP©‡K ¯vaxbZvi cZvKv D‡Ëvjb wèm cvjb Ki‡Z

n‡e| 2iv gvP©‡K hw` ¯vaxbZvi cZvKv D‡Ëvjb wèm wn‡m‡e

cvjb Kiv nq, Zvn‡j †kL gywRei ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi

¸iæZ¡ KZUzKz _v‡K?

(3) †hLv‡b 7B gv‡P© cvwK Ívb †mbvevwnbxi AevOvwj (cvÄvwe, †ejyP,

wmw›`) ye©j nvRvi cuv‡PK ˆmb¨‡K e›`x K‡i cÖvq webv hy‡×, webv

i³cv‡Z evsjv‡`k ¯vaxb Kiv m¤¢e wQj, Zv bv K‡i c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b

(eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k) AwaK cvwK Ívwb (cvÄwe, †ejyP, wmw›`) ˆmb¨

mgv‡ek Kivi c~Y© my‡hvM w`‡q 25†k ev 26†k gvP© Avgv‡ì Dci

AvµgY Kiv ch©šÍ `xN© mgq †`qv n‡qwQj †Kb?

(4) 25†k gvP© iv‡Z N‡i Wt Kvgvj †nv‡mb _vK‡Z Ges nv‡Zi Kv‡Q

ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§` (gyw³hy‡×i mdj †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix A ’vqx miKv‡ii

cÖavbgš¿x) mn Ab¨vb¨ RvZxq †bZ…e„›` Dcw ’Z _vK‡ZI †kL

gywRei ingvb †Kb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q ¯vaxbZvi †NvlYv w`‡jb bv?

(5) 25†k gv‡P©i Kv‡jv iv‡Z wbixn wbi ¿ evOvwji Dci cvwK Ívwb ee©i

evwnbx hLb ˆcPvwkK AvµgY Kij Ges wbwe©Pv‡i evOvwj nZ¨v

Ki‡Z jvMj; Ges evOvwj ˆmwbK, BwcAvi (B÷ cvwK¯Ívb

ivB‡djm eZ©gv‡b wewWAvi), cywjk, Avbmvi cvwK Ívwb nvbv`vi‡ì

†gvKv‡ejvq hy× Ki‡Z jvMj, ZLb †kL gywRei ingvb w`‡knviv

evOvwji †bZ…Z¡ bv w`‡q †Kb cvwK Ívwb‡ì Kv‡Q aiv w`‡jb?

(6) Zvn‡j wK †kL gywR‡ei Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †h e‡jb, 26†k gvP©

ycyi AvovBUv-wZbUvq cvwK¯Ív‡bi †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb Avgv‡ì

evmvq G‡m AveŸv‡K (†kL gywRe‡K †mjyU w`‡jv, gv‡K (†eMg

gywRe) †mjyU w`‡jv, w`‡q AveŸv‡K ejj, m¨vi, †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv

Lvb Avcbvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡K GKwU †¯úkvj

225 226

wegvbmn cvwV‡q‡Q Avcbv‡K ivIqvjwcwÐ (cvwK¯Í‡bi ZLbKvi

ivRavbx) wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨| Avcwb g¨vWvg‡K (†eMg gywRe) mv‡_

wb‡Z cv‡ib| PvB‡j Ab¨ KvD‡KI wb‡Z cv‡ib|

AveŸv‡K mm¤§v‡b †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb wb‡q †Mj| hvIqvi mgq

gv‡K †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb †mjyU w`‡q †Mj| Zvn‡j wK GUvB mwZ¨?

(7) †kL gywRei ingvb wK g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb Zv‡K

cvwK Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x evbv‡bvi Rb¨ ivIqvjwcwÐ wb‡q hv‡”Qb? Avi

ZvB wK cvwK Ívb nvbv`vi evwnbxi Avµg‡Yi gy‡L †MvUv evOvwj

RvwZ‡K Amnvq AiwÿZ †i‡L wZwb (†kL gywRei ingvb) †Rbv‡ij

wU°v Lv‡bi mv‡_ cvwK Ívb P‡j †M‡jb?

(8) cvwK Ívwb biwcPvk nvqbv‡ì Avµg‡Yi gy‡L, Av‡cvlKvgx †bZvi

Av‡cv‡li d‡j, w`‡knviv bvwe‡Ki g‡Zv wKsKZ©e¨weg~p evOvwj

RvwZ| wVK †mB mgq, cvwK¯Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi K‡Vvi k„•Ljvi g‡a¨

_vKv evOvwj ˆmwbK cvwK¯Ívwb †mbv AvB‡b dvqvwis †¯‹vqv‡W

g„Zz¨`‡Ði m¤ú~Y© SuywK wb‡q G‡jb GK ZiæY evOvwj ˆmwbK|

gyw³ cvMj ¯vaxbZvKvgx gvbyl‡K wZwb †kvbv‡jb ¯vaxbZvi

AgievYx PÆMÖvg KvjyiNvU †eZvi †K› ª †_‡K wZwb †NvlYv Ki‡jb,

ÒAvwg †gRi wRqv ejwQ, Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv †NvlYv

Kijvg|Ó

27†k gvP© cÖZz¨‡l B_v‡i †f‡m G‡jv GB Agi ¯vaxbZvi evYx|

m‡½ m‡½ evsjvi gyw³ cvMj `vgvj †Q‡jiv Ni †_‡K †ewi‡q coj

gyw³hy‡× Suvwc‡q covi Rb¨| KvjyiNvU †eZvi‡K› ª †_‡K †gRi

wRqvDi ingvb cÖ_‡g †NvlYv Ki‡jb, ÒAvB G¨vg †gRi w`qv,

†cÖwm‡W›U Ad wccyjm wicvewjK Ad evsjv‡`k, AvB wWKwjqvW©

BbwW‡c‡Û›U Ad evsjv‡`k|Ó c‡i †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y wZwb ej‡jb,

ÒAvB G¨vg †gRi wRqv, AvB wWKwjqvW© BwÛ‡c‡Û›U Ad

evsjv‡`‡k Ab wenvd Ad AvIqvi †MÖU wjWvi †kL gywRei

ingvb|Ó

†gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi ¯vaxbZvi †NvlYvB wK cvwK¯Ív‡bi

†cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi mv‡_ Av‡cv‡li wfwË‡Z †kL gywRei

ingv‡bi ÿgZv MÖn‡Yi c‡_ AšÍivq n‡jv?

(9) Gi ciciB 17B GwcÖj ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ N‡U †Mj Avi

GK HwZnvwmK NUbv| fviZ miKv‡ii cÖZ¨ÿ ZË¡veav‡b

AvšÍR©vwZK we‡k¦i eû †`‡ki mvsevw`K‡ì mvg‡b Kzwóqv †Rjvi

†g‡nicy‡ii ê`¨bv_ Zjvi Av¤ªKvb‡b 17B GwcÖj ZvRywÏb

Avnv‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ ¯vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki wecøex miKvi kc_ MÖnY

Kij| ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§` n‡jb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g cÖavbgš¿x|

cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§` Zuvi gš¿xmfv MVb Ki‡jb|

†kL gywRei ingv‡bi Abycw ’wZ‡ZB †kL gywRei ingvb‡K Kiv

n‡jv ivóªcwZ| ˆmq` bRiæj Bmjvg‡K Kiv n‡jv A ’vqx ivóªcwZ|

hw` †kL gywRei ingvb Av‡cv‡li wfwË‡Z cvwK Ív‡bi ÿgZv MÖnY

cÖwµqvq hw` wM‡qI _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡

¯vaxb evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii kc_ MÖnY, †kL gywRe–Bqvwnqv Av‡cvl

dgy©jv wK fÐzj K‡i †`qwb?

(10) Avi GB Rb¨B wK mdj †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q, miKvi cwiPvjbv K‡i, †`k

¯vaxb K‡i, ¯vaxb †`‡k †kL gywRei ingvb‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi ci,

cÖavbgš¿x ZvRywÏb Avnv‡¤§`‡KB †kL gywRei ingvb Zvi gš¿xmfv

†_‡K wbM„nxZ K‡i †ei K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb?

(11) nqZ Gi Rb¨B ¯vaxbZvi †NvlK wRqvDi ingvb †mbvevwnbxi

me©‡R¨ô (wmwbqi) nIqv m‡Ë¡I †kL gywRei ingvb wRqvDi

ingvb‡K †mbvevwnbx cÖavb bv K‡i PvKwi‡Z Rywbqi mwdDjøvn‡K

†mbvevwnbx cÖavb K‡iwQ‡jb?

(12) ïay ZvB bq, †h gyw³‡hv×viv cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q †`k ¯vaxb Kij, hy‡×

weRqx n‡jv, †`‡k wd‡i G‡m †Kvb Av‡µv‡ki Kvi‡Y †kL gywRei

ingvb weRqx gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Qz‡o †d‡j w`‡jb? Ges †h cÖkvmb

gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvwK Ívwb‡ì Zv‡e`vwi K‡i‡Q, evOvwj‡ì nZ¨v

K‡i‡Q, gyw³hy‡×i we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Q, †mB civwRZ cÖkvmb‡K wK

Kvi‡Y †kL gywRei ingvb c~Y© cÖwZwôZ Ki‡jb?

gyw³‡hv×v‡ì AeÁv K‡i, Ae‡njv K‡i, AZ¨vPvi K‡i, ïaygvÎ

mw`”Qvi Afv‡e gyw³‡hv×v‡ì cÖK…Z ZvwjKv bv K‡i

Agyw³‡hv×v‡ì GgbwK ivRvKvi‡ìI gyw³‡hv×v mb` weZiY K‡i

†kL gywRei ingvb GK Kj‡¼i m„wó Ki‡jb| wKš‘ †Kb?

227 228

waK& †kL gywRe waK&!

1971 mv‡ji 25†k gvP© cvwK¯Ívwb ˆmbïv ˆ`wbK B‡ËdvK cwÎKv R¡vwj‡q

w`‡j ZworMwZ‡Z cvwK¯Ív‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lvb B‡Ëdv‡Ki

gvwjK e¨vwi÷vi gCbyj †nv‡mb‡ì ÿwZc~iY eve` bM` `k jÿ UvKv †`q

Ges gyw³hy‡×i mgq gCbyj †nv‡mbiv jÛb-Rvg©vwb Ny‡i AZ¨vaywbK Ad‡mU

†gwkb wK‡b Avb‡jb| wKš‘ gyw³hy‡× Ask wb‡jb bv| cvwK Ívb nvbv`vi KewjZ

†MvUv mgq, A_©vr gyw³hy‡×i †MvUv bq gvm gCbyj †nv‡mbiv cvwK Ívb †cÖm

†_‡K webv cqmvq (cvwK Ívb miKv‡ii Li‡P) B‡ËdvK cwÎKv †ei Ki‡jb|

ejv evûj¨ H mgq B‡Ëdv‡K cvwK Ívwb †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lvb, wU°v Lvb,

digvb Avjx, wbqvwR I cvwK¯Ívwb Ab¨vb¨ †Rbv‡ij I ˆmb¨‡ì Ges NvZK

†Mvjvg Avhgmn Ab¨vb¨ Avjeì ivRvKvi‡ì cÖksmv K‡i Lei Qvcv n‡Zv|

Avi gyw³‡hv×v‡ì ejv n‡Zv †`k‡ ªvnx fviZxq Pi| A_©vr B‡ËdvK ZLb

gyw³hy‡×i wec‡ÿ Ae ’vb wb‡q cvwK Ív‡bi Zv‡e`vwi I `vjvjx‡Z wjß wQj Ges

`vjvjx I Zv‡e`vwii cyiæ¯‹vi wn‡m‡e cvwK Ívb miKv‡ii mg Í weÁvcb

B‡ËdvK †cZ| AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e nVvr 16B wW‡m¤i †`k ¯vaxb n‡q hvIqvq

B‡Ëdv‡Ki gvwjK Av‡bvqvi †nv‡mb gÄyiv cvwK Ívb miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K `vjvjx

I Zv‡e`vwii cyiæ¯‹vi¯iƒc cvIqv weÁvc‡bi we‡ji UvKv wb‡Z cv‡iwb| jÿ

cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q †`k ¯vax‡bi c‡i c~‡e©i cwiP‡qi m~Î a‡i ¯vaxb †`‡ki

KY©avi †kL gywRei ingv‡bi KvQ †_‡K cvwK Ívwb `vjvjxi I Zv‡e`vwii †mB

we‡ji UvKv †bq| †Kv‡bv we‡eKevb gvbyl wK GB we‡ji UvKv w`‡Z cv‡i?

GB Rb¨B wK jÿ jÿ gvby‡li Rxeb Avi gv †ev‡bi B¾‡Zi wewbg‡q

evsjv‡`k ¯vaxb Kiv n‡q‡Q? waK& †kL gywRe, wa&K!

G‡`‡ki gyw³ cvMj `vgvj †Q‡jiv cÖv‡Yi gvqv wQbœ K‡i †`kgvZ…Kvi

gyw³i Rb¨ cÖvYcY jovB Ki‡Q| nvbv`vi cvwK Ívwb evwnbxi mv‡_ gy‡LvgywL hy×

Ki‡Q| wVK ZLb cvwK Ívb miKvi gyw³hy× bm¨vr Kivi Rb¨ KzgZj‡e

BwcwmGm (Bó cvwK¯Ívb K¨vWvi mvwf©m) Gi cixÿv wbj| wb‡Ri cÖv‡Yi

wewbg‡q cvwK Ívwb nvbv`vi‡K Kej †_‡K †`k I †`‡ki gvbyl‡K euvPv‡bvi †mB

AwMœcixÿvi w`‡b, evsjvi `vgvj †Q‡jiv cvwK Ív‡bi weiæ‡× hy× ïiæ Kij|

Avi ¯v_©v‡š^lx Pig myweavev`x KwZcq e¨w³ cvwK Ívb miKv‡ii †`qv †mB

BwcwmGm cixÿvq Ask wbj Ges †`k‡cÖg weewR©Z H e¨w³iv BwcwmGm

cixÿvq DËxY© n‡q Bó cvwK¯Ívb K¨vWvi mvwf©‡mi PvKwi‡Z †hvM w`‡jv| jÿ

cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q †`k ¯vax‡bi c‡i gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb †kL gywRei

ingvb H wek¦vmNvZK †`k‡ ªvnx‡ì ¯vaxb evsjv‡`k K¨vWvi mvwf©‡mi PvKwi‡Z

c~Y© envj Ki‡jb| wKš‘ †Kb? b~b¨Zg we‡eK _vK‡jI wK GUv m¤¢e? waK& †kL

gywRe, waK&!

gvby‡li Rb¨ wb‡ew`Z cÖvY †`k‡cÖwgK me©nviv `‡ji †bZv Kg‡iW wmivR

wmK`vi‡K webv wePv‡i e›`x`kvq nv‡Z n¨vÛKvd civ Ae ’vq m¤§yL †_‡K ¸wj

K‡i nZ¨v K‡i, gnvb RvZxq msm‡` uvwo‡q ÒAvR †Kv_vq wmivR wmK`vi!Ò

e‡j Aùvjb K‡i †kL gywRe n‡q‡Q we‡eKnxb GK Kvcyiæl|

Wv‡qwii cvZv

Zzwg hv †P‡qwQ‡j ZvB n‡q‡Q| Zzwg †P‡qwQ‡j †hb‡Zb cÖKv‡i GKevi ïay

ÿgZvq hvIqv| ZvB n‡q‡Q| †`‡ki Rb¨, RvZxi Rb¨ wKQz Ki‡Z n‡j †h Z¨vM

¯xKvi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zv Zzwg Ki‡Z KL‡bvB cÖ ‘Z wQ‡j bv| cÖ_g †_‡KB ïay

ÿgZvq hvIqvi Rb¨ Zzwg me©`v e¨ Í wQ‡j Ges ZvB n‡q‡Q|

15/06/1996

bv Zzwg †`‡ki Rb¨ wKQzB Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †Kbbv †`‡ki Rb¨ wKQz Kivi

gb †Zvgvi †bB| gvby‡li Rb¨ wKQz Kivi gb †bB e‡jB †Zvgvi B‡”QI †bB|

Avi B‡”Q †bB e‡jB †Zvgvi DcvqI †bB| hw` †Zvgvi B‡”Q _vKZ Zvn‡j wKQz

GKUv Dcvq n‡Zv| wKš‘ RvwZi Rb¨ wKQz Kivi B‡”Q †Zvgvi †bB| Kv‡RB

DcvqI †bB|

15/12/1996

Avgiv †Zvgv‡K ÿgv Ki‡Z PvB| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv wePv‡iB ÿgv Ki‡Z cvwi

bv| Zzwg ÿgvi A‡hvM¨| Zzwg cÖv_©bv K‡iv Avjøvn& iveŸyj Avjvgxb †hb †Zvgv‡K

ÿgv Kivi mvg_©¨ Avgv‡ì †`b|

27/02/1997

1981 mv‡ji 12B Ryb hLb Zzwg †Zvgvi wcZvi avbgwÐ 32 b¤‡ii evwowU

Ges Aj¼vimn hveZxq wRwbm, 72 c„ôvi B‡Ûw›Uª‡Z mB K‡i ey‡S wbw”Q‡j,

ZLbB g‡b nw”Qj Zzwg gvbyl bI, Ab¨ wKQz| Zzwg hLb LuywU‡q LyuwU‡q me ey‡S

wbw”Q‡j, mevB nZevK n‡q †Zvgvi w`‡K ZvwK‡qwQj| wK iKg axi-w ’i Ges

Aejxjvµ‡g Zzwg e‡jwQ‡j, Avgvi Kv‡bi yj wZbUv KB? Avgvi bv‡Ki dzj

yBUv KB? Avgvi nv‡Zi PwjøkUv Pzwi KB? BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw` Zzwg ejwQ‡j Avi

229 230

miKvwi KZ…©cÿ GKUv GKUv K‡i me eywS‡q w`w”Qj| †mB w`bUvi K_v Avgvi

Av‡Rv g‡b Av‡Q| †mw`b †Zvgv‡K †`‡L g‡bB nqwb †h, GB evwo‡ZB †Zvgvi

wcZ…Kz‡ji me †kl n‡q †M‡Q| Zzwg Ggbfv‡e ¸‡b ¸‡b cÖvq mËi jÿ UvKvi

Mqbvmn Ab¨vb¨ gvjvgvj ey‡S wb‡j †h, Zv‡Z g‡b n‡jv, Zzwg gvbyl bI, Ab¨

†Kv‡bv wKQz|

Kv‡iv †jLv c‡ov bv; †Kv‡bv eB c‡ov bv| fv‡jv K_v †kv‡bv bv| †Zvgvi

bvg †kL nvwmbv| Zzwg wcZ…gvZ…nxb ¯vgx KZ…©K cwiZ¨³ GK igYx| †Zvgvi

†g‡qi fvlvq Zzwg eûiƒcx| †Zvgvi wcÖq M„nf…Z¨ igvKvšÍ, hv‡K Zzwg

fv‡jvevm‡Z, †mI †Zvgv‡K fv‡jvevm‡Zv| wKš‘ †mI †Zvgvi Kv‡Q iBj bv|

Zzwg Ggb GK cÖvYx|

wkÿv

GmeB Zzwg Avgv‡ì w`‡qQ|

†Zvgvi KvQ †_‡KB Gme Avgv‡ì cvIqv|

Zzwg hv w`‡qQ, Zvi meUzKzB Avgiv †c‡qwQ|

bZzb K‡i †Zvgvi KvQ †_‡K Avgv‡ì Avi cvIqvi wKQzB †bB|

ZvB Zzwg hv w`‡qQ, Zv Avgiv mK‡ji Kv‡Q duvm K‡i w`‡Z PvB|

Zv‡Z Zzwg ytL †c‡j, Avgv‡ì wKQz Kivi †bB|

G wkÿv ZzwgB Avgv‡ì w`‡qQ| †Zvgvi KvQ †_‡KB Avgiv G wkÿv

†c‡qwQ|

†mw`b nqZ Zzwg fvewb, †Zvgvi wkÿvB †Zvgvi weiæ‡× Kv‡R jvwM‡q

†`‡ev|

GB nq| Avm‡j GB nq| †Zvgvi g‡Zv hviv G wkÿv †`q Zviv †KDB

fv‡e bv †h, G wkÿv †h GKw`b Zv‡ì weiæ‡×B Kv‡R †j‡M hv‡e|

ZvB nqZ ZzwgI fvewb|

†Zvgv‡K AmsL¨ abëv`, G‡Kev‡i Lvwj nv‡Z we`vq bv w`‡q AšÍZ

wkÿvUv w`‡q w`‡qwQ‡j|

bB‡j †Zv gv‡V gviv †h‡Z n‡Zv| (Aek¨ Zzwg ZvB †P‡qwQ‡j|)

†Zvgvi †`qv wkÿvUv †eu‡P wK‡b, AšÍZ euvPvi †Póv Kwi|

†klev‡ii g‡Zv ewj, Zzwg ytL K‡iv bv| wek¦vm K‡iv, †Zvgvi weiæ‡×

GQvov Avgv‡ì Avi wKQzB Kivi wQj bv|

Rvwb wek¦vm Ki‡e bv| KviY †Zvgvi gv‡S wek¦vm e‡j wKQz †bB|

gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv

gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv n‡”Q gvby‡li gbb RM‡Zi GK ai‡Yi Abyf‚wZ| †h

Abyf‚wZi d‡j GKUv RvwZi gb-gvbwmKZvi Avg~j cwieZ©b N‡U Ges GB

cwieZ©‡bi d‡j †MvUv RvwZ gb †_‡K cy‡iv‡bv a¨vb-aviYv, e¨w³ ¯v_©ciZv

†S‡o †d‡j bZzb gb I fvebv wb‡q M‡o I‡V| GB gb I fvebv‡K ejv nq

†PZbv|

Avi GB M‡o IVv bZzb gb I fvebv ev †PZbv n‡”Q, wb‡Ri PvB‡Z

Ab¨‡K (Aci‡K) †ewk eo K‡i †`Lv| †ewk fvjevmv| wb‡Ri e¨w³ ¯v‡_©i

PvB‡Z †`k I RvwZi ¯v_©‡K †ewk eo K‡i †`Lv| wb‡Ri myL- ytL fz‡j wM‡q

A‡bï myL- ytL‡K cÖva¨vb¨ †`qv|

GKUv RvwZi Rxe‡b GB †PZbv eQi eQi Av‡m bv| GKwU we‡kl gyn~‡Z©

GKwU we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡b nvRvi nvRvi eQi ci GKUv RvwZi Rxe‡b Giƒc GKwU

†PZbvi Rb¥ ev m„wó nq| Avi GKUv RvwZi Rxe‡b hLbB G †PZbvi m„wó nq,

ZLbB †m RvwZ e¨w³¯v‡_©i D‡aŸ© D‡V G‡K Aci‡K wb‡Ri g‡Zv fv‡jvev‡m|

KL‡bv KL‡bv wb‡Ri PvB‡Z Ab¨‡K †ewk fv‡jvev‡m|

wb‡Ri PvB‡Z Ab¨‡K †ewk fvjevmv ev Ab¨‡K wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i

fvjevmvi †PZbv‡KB ejv nq gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv|

RvZxi Rxe‡b hLbB GB †PZbvi Rb¥ nq ZLbB †mB RvwZ gv_v Zz‡j

uvovq| c„w_exi †Kv‡bv kw³B †mB RvwZ‡K `vwe‡q ivL‡Z cv‡i bv|

Ab¨‡K wb‡Ri PvB‡Z †ewk fvjevmvi †PZbv nvRvi nvRvi eQi ci evOvwj

RvwZi Rxe‡b G‡mwQj 1971–G gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mgq|

1971 mv‡j evOvwj RvwZ wb‡Ri myL- yt‡Li PvB‡Z A‡bï myL- ytL‡K eo

K‡i †`‡L‡Q, †ewk K‡i †`‡L‡Q|

wb‡Ri PvB‡Z Ab¨‡K †ewk fvjevmvi ev Ab¨‡K wb‡Ri g‡Zv fvjevmvi

†PZbv evievi Av‡m bv| nvRvi eQ‡i GKUv RvwZi Rxe‡b GKevB GB †PZbv

Av‡m|

RvZxi Rxe‡b hLb G †PZbv Av‡m, ZLb †MvUv RvwZ mKj cÖKvi Ab¨vq,

AwePvi, ¯v_©ciZv, civaxbZv BZ¨vw` mKj wKQzi weiæ‡× iæ‡L uvovq Ges

gyw³i jovB kiæ K‡i|

evOvwji nvRvi eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m GKgvÎ 1971–Gi gyyw³hy‡×i mg‡qB

evOvwj G †PZbvq DØy× n‡qwQj Ges †MvUv evOvwj RvwZ ZLb mKj cÖKvi e¨w³

¯v‡_©i D‡aŸ© D‡V †`k I RvwZi ¯^v_©‡K eo K‡i †`‡L‡Q| Ab¨‡K wb‡Ri PvB‡Z

†ewk fv‡jv‡e‡m‡Q| mg Í we‡`wk cY¨ eR©b K‡i †`kxq cY¨ eënvi K‡i‡Q|

231 232

GK K_vq gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv n‡”Q wb‡Ri PvB‡Z Ab¨‡K †ewk fvjevmv|

wb‡Ri e¨w³ ¯v‡_©i PvB‡Z †`k I RvwZi ¯v_© †ewk †`Lv|

¯vax‡bi ci †`k‡cÖg weewR©Z ivR‰bwZK †bZ…Z¡ ivóªxq ÿgZvq G‡m

gyw³hy‡×i G †PZbv‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avi GB gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv aŸsmKvix

†`k‡cÖg weewR©Z ivR‰bwZK †bZ…‡Z¡i †bZ…Z¡ w`‡qwQ‡jb †kL gywRei ingvb|

ejv hvq †kL gywR‡ei †bZ…‡Z¡B gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv aŸsm n‡q‡Q|

Avgvi, †kL gywR‡ei I †kL nvwmbvi duvwm PvB

BwZnvm mvÿ¨ †`q Bsj¨v‡Ûi µgI‡qj ivRZ‡š¿i ÿgZv †jvc K‡i

wb‡RB ÿgZvi Aceënvi K‡i GKRb ˆ¯ivPvix kvmK n‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘

Bsj¨v‡Ûi MYZvwš¿K RbZv Zv‡K ÿgv K‡iwb| †`‡ki cÖPwjZ AvB‡b Zvi

wePvi n‡qwQj Zvi g„Zzï ci| GB wePvi wcÖwf KvDwÝj ch©šÍ Mwo‡qwQj Ges

Zvi duvwm n‡qwQj| Kei n‡Z Zvi nvo‡Mvo Zz‡j duvwmKv‡ô Szjv‡bv n‡qwQj|

GUvB n‡jv AvB‡bi kvmb|

1975–Gi 15B AvM÷ †kL gywRe nZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` hy× K‡i †`‡ki †h

ÿwZ K‡iwQ, †mB Aciv‡a Avgvi duvwm PvB|

¯vaxbZvi †NvlK gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi ingvb nZ¨vi loh‡š¿i K_v

†R‡bI Zv cÖKvk bv Kivq Ges nZ¨vKvix‡ì mv‡_ m¤ú„³ _vKvi Aciv‡a

Avgvi duvwm PvB|

1983–Gi ga¨ †deªæqvwi XvKv wek¦we`vj‡qi QvÎ Rqbvj I Rvdi Ges

1984–Gi †deªæqvwi †mwjg I †`‡jvqvi nZ¨vq †kL nvwmbvi cwiKíbv I

loh‡š¿ Ask wb‡q †h Aciva K‡iwQ Zvi Rb¨ Avgvi duvwm PvB|

1992 mv‡ji wW‡m¤‡i mvK© kxl© m‡¤§jb cÐ Kivi Rb¨ †kL nvwmbvi

cwiKíbv I wb‡ ©‡k wn› y–gymjgvb ivqU jvwM‡q †h Aciva K‡iwQ Zvi Rb¨

Avgvi duvwm PvB|

1992 mv‡ji ci †_‡K 1996 mv‡ji gvP© ch©šÍ Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g XvKv

kn‡i †kL nvwmbvi bxjbKkv I wb‡ ©‡k †h 103 (GKkZ wZb) Rb †jvK wbnZ

nq, GB AÁvZbvgv 103 Rb gvbyl nZ¨vi `v‡q Avgvi duvwm PvB|

Z‡e Zvi Av‡M

(1) m¤ú~Y© my‡hvM _vKv ¯‡Ë¡I mwVK mg‡q †kL gywRei ingvb

¯vaxbZvi †NvlYv bv Kivq, Avgv‡ì ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ wZwik jÿ

gvbyl‡K wbnZ (knx`) n‡Z nq Ges yB jÿ gv-†evb‡K awl©Z n‡Z

nq| GB wZwik jÿ gvbyl nZ¨v Ges yB jÿ bvix awl©Z nIqvi

Rb¨ `vqx †kL gywRei ingv‡bi gi‡YvËi duvwm PvB|

(2) gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv aŸsm Kivi Awf‡hv‡M †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

gi‡YvËi wePvi PvB, kvw Í PvB|

(3) †h gyw³‡hv×viv hy× K‡i †`k ¯vaxb K‡i‡Q Ges †`k ¯vaxb K‡i

†kL gywRei ingvb‡K ¯vaxb †`‡k wdwi‡q G‡b‡Q, ¯vaxbZvi ci

fviZ †_‡K †mB cÖK…Z gyyw³‡hv×v‡ì ZvwjKv bv G‡b, ivRvKvi

Avjeìmn fzqv e¨w³‡ì gyyw³‡hv×v mb` (mvwU©wd‡KU) †`qvi

Awf‡hv‡M †kL gywRei ingv‡bi gi‡YvËi wePvi PvB, kvw Í PvB|

(4) ÿgv bv PvB‡ZB ¯vaxbZv we‡ivax ivRvKvi Avj eì‡ì

XvjvIfv‡e ÿgv †NvlYv Kivi Aciv‡a †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

gi‡YvËi kvw Í PvB|

(5) gnvb wecøex †bZv Kg‡iW wmivR wmK`vi‡K e›`x Ae ’vq webv

wePv‡i ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kivi Aciv‡a †kL gywRei ingv‡bi

gi‡YvËi duvwm PvB|

(6) wmivR wmK`vi‡K Lyb K‡i cweÎ cvj©v‡g‡›U uvwo‡q ÒAvR †Kv_vq

wkivR wmK`vi!Ó e‡j `‡¤¢vw³ K‡i cweÎ cvj©v‡g›U‡K AcweÎ

Kivi Aciv‡a †kL gywRei ingv‡bi gi‡YvËi kvw Í PvB|

(7) RbM‡Yi †fvU †`qvi AwaKvi, wgwQj Kivi AwaKvi, `j Kivi

AwaKvi Ges msev`c‡Îi ¯vaxbZv niYmn msweav‡bi †gŠwjK

AwaKvi niY K‡i RvwZi Dci GK`jxq (evKkvj) Gi kvmb-

†kvlY Pvwc‡q †`qvi Aciv‡a †kL gywRei ingv‡bi gi‡YvËi

wePvi PvB, kvw Í PvB|

(K) 1975 mv‡ji 15B AvM÷ †kL gywRei ingvb wbnZ nIqvi

ci A‡bK †Póv Ges K‡ói ci wkwÿZ QvÎ-hyeK‡ì gv‡S

gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv wdwi‡q Avbvi avivi m~Pbv n‡qwQj| QvÎ-

hyeKiv fve‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQj, ÒivRbxwZ n‡”Q gvbyl‡K †`qvi

Rb¨, cvIqvi Rb¨ bq|Ó

wKš‘ †kL nvwmbv †`‡k G‡m mš¿vmx, †PvivKvievwi,

Kv‡jvevRvwi, Nyl‡Lvi‡ì ivRbxwZ‡Z †U‡b G‡b

Kv‡jvUvKv‡KB ivRbxwZi PvwjKvkw³‡Z cwiYZ K‡i‡Q Ges

ivRbxwZ †_‡K mKj cÖKvi bxwZ-Av`k© †SwU‡q we`vq K‡i

233 234

cÖwZwôZ K‡i‡Q bxwZnxb GK ivRbxwZ| GB Aciv‡a †kL

nvwmbvi wePvi PvB, kvw Í PvB|

(L) fvi‡Z e‡m ¯vaxbZvi †NvlK gyw³‡hv×v ivóªcwZ wRqvDi

ingvb‡K nZ¨vi lohš¿ I cwiKíbv K‡i Ges 1981 mv‡ji

30†k †g Zv ev ÍevwqZ Kivi Aciv‡a †kL nvwmbvi duvwm

PvB|

(M) 1982 mv‡j RbMY KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ weGbwc miKvi DrLvZ

K‡i mvgwiK miKvi cÖwZwôZ Kivi loh‡š¿ wjß _vKvi

Aciv‡a †kL nvwmbvi wePvi PvB, kvw Í PvB|

(N) mvgwiK ˆ¯ivPvi †Rbv‡ij Gikv`‡K nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq ivLvi

Rb¨, lohš¿ I cwiKíbv K‡i, QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi bv‡g,

1983–Gi ga¨ †deªæqvwi XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ Rvdi I

Rqbvj Ges 1984–Gi †deªæqvwi‡Z †mwjg I †`‡jqvi

nZ¨vi Aciv‡a †kL nvwmbvi duvwm PvB|

(O) 1992 mv‡ji wW‡m¤‡i mvK© kxl© m‡¤§jb cÐ Kivi Rb¨,

wn› y-gymjgvb mv¤úª`vwqK ivqU jvwM‡q †`qvi Aciv‡a †kL

nvwmbvi wePvi PvB, kvw Í PvB|

(P) 1992 mvj †_‡K 1996 mv‡ji gvP© ch©šÍ Av‡›`vj‡bi Bmy¨

ˆZwi Kivi Rb¨ XvKv kn‡i 103 Rb wbixn AÁvZbvgv

mvaviY gvbyl‡K Lyb Kivi Aciv‡a †kL nvwmbvi duvwm PvB|

–t Dcmsnvi t–

mv‡eK ivóªcwZ ûmvBb gynv¤§` Gikv‡ì g‡Zv ÿgZvmxb _vKvKv‡j †kL

nvwmbvi ÿgZvP~¨Z nIqvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j, †kL nvwmbv †`k †_‡K cvwj‡q

hv‡eb Ges cvwj‡q hvIqvi Av‡M †kL nvwmbv Kvwk¥‡ii wn› y ivRvi g‡Zv

fviZxq †mbvevwnbx †W‡K G‡`kUv‡K fvi‡Zi `L‡j w`‡q hv‡eb|

ÒmgMÖ RvwZ – we‡kl K‡i evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbx

Ges

gyw³‡hv×v ûwkqvi!Ó

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