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New Generation of Avionics Radios

Concept and Architecture

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1. Nav/Com Platform

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Communications-Navigations New market requirements

Multimode AM, VDL A, 1, 2, 3, datalink-VDL4 CPDLC (Controller-Pilot Datalink Communication)

Future upgrades and SW-defined functionalities Bug removal, Servicing, Spec evolving Customer feedback implementations New interfaces

Smaller minimum distance between differentservices antennas

Higher reliability User friendly man-machine interface Low weight/power consumption/cost

VH F Nav/Com

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Nav/Com Design Highlights Multimode, multi-band, multiple protocol support:

- Based on high computing power of TI DSP (ARM) and Power PC Multiple interface support- ARINC Interface- UART, MNEA, Aviation specific interfaces- SW-defined Interfaces (SDI) - Several bidirectional interfaces may be programmed to Any Interface via configuration port

Digital voice support with options of: Noise reduction and noise cancellation;Dynamic range compressionAutomatic voice recognition

High efficiency, high output power polar modulation transmitter: Overall efficiency > 65% Programmable output power from 4W to 40W

Support modulations- AM, AM/DSB, FSK, MPSK, D8PSK, QAM. Estimated weight for 25W Tx (AM & VDL) less than 4 lb due to: High Tx efficiency Small heat sink Low part count

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Nav/Com overall block diagramVDL 2,3 compatible

ADC Nav

Duplexer

Beacon Rx

Com Tx AM/VDL

Tx/RxSwitch

R S P

G C 5 0 1 8

CPUPower PC

Interfaces

Memory C onn

e c t or

Power supply and power management

Nav Rx VHF

Nav Rx UHF ADC

ADC

DDS

Aux Rx ADC

Com Rx ADC

D S P

T M S 3 2 0 C 6 4 2 4

Interfaces

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Receivers

All receivers are built on the same

architecture

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Com/NAV VHF Rx block diagram

Direct RF sampling No analog gain control16 channels RSP16 bit ADC at 160 MSPS

BPF

LNA FM Notch

BPF

ADCLNA

16channels

RSP

NavVHF

BPF

LNA

BPF

ADCLNA

ComVHF

BPF

LNAFM

Notch

BPF

ADCLNA

AuxVHF

FM

Notch

Com, Nav, and Aux (108-136 MHz) receiversAdaptive tunable FM notch filtersTwo helical 4 pole filters per band

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Rx highlights Fully digital direct RF sampling, no down conversion

16 active channels in 108 to 162 MHz band Adaptive tunable FM notch filters Aux Rx can be used for diversity, redundancy, and VDL4 operation

Dual port Nav antenna (vertical and horizontal polarization) helps toreduce amount of antennas

Dynamic noise reduction system Helps increase AM sensitivity by 3 to 6dB Makes conversations more reliable

Dual detector with coherent and non-coherent outputs and intelligentcombining algorithm

Coherent post-detection of navigation signals Improve sensitivity and accuracy Improve self jamming immunity against AM signals Helps to reduce minimum distance between antennas

Single tap equalizer for D8PSK signals Improves FER in real life operation

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Transmitter

Single transmitter for AM and VDL

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Transmitter parameters Average power at antenna port- 25W Overall efficiency more than- 50% Tuning on time is less than- 10 S

Transmitter could be retuned to VDL mode during AM transmission

Support AM, D8PSK, GFSK Other modes could be added later Built in diagnostic via receive channel Transmitter built on polar modulation architecture

Any modulation support achieved by using fractional-N PLL and afast envelop controller

High gain output transistor retuned from cellular band Up to 200W peak power available Up to 80% peak power added efficiency for PA

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Tx ANC Adaptive Noise Canceling

Output signal from the Tx is sampled, filtered (Nav or Com), anddigitized

The Tx noise is subtracted from Rx signal in the DSP Expected noise reduction up to 20dB

Tx

Rx

Switch

ADC

ADC

DSP NavCom

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Nav/Com future upgrades

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VDL4 upgrade

Two VDL2/3 units and VDL4 control protocol will form VDL4 system Usage of Aux antenna to achieve full duplex

Software update will support VDL4 control and ADS-B Full diversity support

VDL unit1Tx4Rx

VDL unit1Tx4Rx

VDL4Control Main Rx

Aux AntAux Ant

Main Rx

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VDL 4 ApplicationsController-pilot data link communications (CPDLC)

CPDLC enables a whole host of control related applications including:ATC clearance, ATC management, Flying Plan contingency Checking,Dynamic Route Availability Botification

Pre-departure ClearanceSimilar to CPDLC for semi-automated data link exchange between anaircraft and Control Tower prior to taxing and take-off

Flight Information ServicesGround generated communications that provides time sensitive

weather and supporting info to aircraft.FIS-B is expected to support uplink of weather graphics, ATIS andVOLMET. The coverage of FIS-B can be extended thru groundnetwork allowing ATIS info of destination airports.