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7/31/2019 BaocaoTimhieu Kiemthu v.2.0
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm1
BO CO TM HIU
CC HNH THC KIM THPHN MM
Nhm 2Lp CNTT.Qun 5
1. Trn Thanh Nguyn Duy2. Trn Th i Duyn3. Trn Th Vinh Hin4. Nguyn Trn Kim Hng5. Nguyn Vn Long
GV hng dn: Thy Lng Trn Hy Hin
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm2
L DO CHN BO CO1. Ty theo chng trnh o to, m mi gio
trnh c cch gi khc nhau i vi khi nim:cc k thut kim th, cc phng php kimth, cc hnh thc kim th, chin lc kimth.
2. Qua tm hiu nhm h thng ha c khinim Cc hnh thckim thphnmm theocch gi thng dngnht.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm3
NI DUNG BO COI. Tng quan vkimthphnmm.II. Cc hnh thckimthphnmm.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm4
Chyu phn tch cc khi nimvkimth v cc hnh thckim th m nhmtm hiuc.
Cha i su vic thit k test casengvitng hnh thckimth.
PHM VI BO CO
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm5
* Ti liu tham kho
thc hin c bo co tm hiu ny,
nhm chng ti tm hiu v tham khotrn cc ti liunh sau:
1. Bi 07 trong Bigingmn NMCNPMcaThyLngTrn HyHin.
2. Cc bivit,tholunvkimthtrnwebsite http://www.testingvn.com/
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm6
I. Tng quan v kim th phn mm
1. Kim th phn mm l g?2. Mc ch ca kim th.
3. Mt s nguyn tc kim th.
4. Cc giai on kim th.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm7
I.1. Kim th phn mm l g? Kim th phn mm c nhiu cch nh
ngha khc nhau. Nhng u bao hm haini dung cbn l: phthinliv nh gichtlngcaphnmm.
nh ngha ca Myers: Kim th l tin
trnh thc thichng trnhvimcchtmthyli.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm8
Mcchthnht(Kimththiu st):
- khm ph li hay thiu st trong phnmm m do phn mm hnh x khngng hay khng tun th theo ctca n.
- Mt test thnh cng l mt test lm cho h
thng thi hnh khng ng v do l rathiu st trong hthng.
I.2. Mc ch ca kim th
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm9
Mcchth hai (Kimthhpl):
- trnh din cho lp trnh vin v khchhng rngphnmmtha mn yu cucan.
- Mt test thnh cng nu n ch ra rng h
thnghotngnh mun.
I.2. Mc ch ca kim th
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm10
I.3. Mt s nguyn tc kim th Kimthphiclpkhoch.
Mt ca kim th phi nh ngha kt qumong mun. Cc ca kim th nn c thit k cho c
nhngdliu vo hpl v khng hpl.
Mt ca kim th tt l ca kim th c khnng cao pht hinnhnglichac tmthy
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm11
I.3. Mt s nguyn tc kim th Kimth nn cthchinbimt nhm
clpvi nhm pht trin. p cc ktqu tnh ton phihoc l qu ln
hoc l qu nh. Ktqukimthphickim tra mt cch cnthn.
Cc hotngkim thphic tch hpvo tin trnh pht trinphnmm.
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I.4. Cc giai on kim th- Cch gi khc: cp/mckimth
- Cc cpkimthcbngm:1. Kimthnv (Unit Testing).
2. Kimth tch hp (Integration Testing).
3. Kimthhthng (System Testing).4. Kimthchpnhn (Acceptance Testing).
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm13
I.4. Cc giai on kim th- Ngoi ra cn c cc cp kim th
khc nh:1. Kimthhi quy (Regression Testing).
2. Kimth tnh ng (Correctness Testing).
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II. Cc hnh thc kim th phn mm1. Theo T chc thm nh v KTPM quc
t-ISTBQ) c hai hnh thc l:
1.1. Kimthtnh1.2. Kimthng
2. Theo khi nim thng thng c ba hnhthc l:
2.1. Kimthhpen.2.2. Kimthhptrng.2.3. Kimthhp xm.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm15
II.1.1. Kim th tnh (Static testing) Kimthtnh l mt hnh thccakimthphn
mm m phn mm khng c s dng. N
khng kim th chi tit m ch yu kim tra tnhng n ca m lnh (code), thut ton hay tiliu.
Chyukim tra c php ca code: kim tra xemcode c cvit theo ng tiu chun code; hocti liu tm li bng cch th cng (s dnggiy, bt kim tra logic, ln tng chi tit mkhng cnchychng trnh).
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm16
II.1.1. Kim th tnh (Static testing) C thcsdngbinhngngi lp
trnh lm vicmt cch clp. Kim th tnh cng c th c t ng
ha thng qua bphnmm bao gm ccchng trnh c phn tch bimt thng
dch vin hoc mt trnh bin dch khngnh tnh hp l v c php ca chngtrnh.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm17
II.1.2. Kim th ng (Dymatic testing) L hnh thckimthphnmm thng qua
vic dng my chy chng trnh iutra trng thi tc ngcachng trnh.
Kimthng bao gm: lm vicviphnmm,nhp cc gi tru vo v kim tra
xem u ra c nh mong mun hay khng.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm18
II.1.2. Kim th ng (Dymatic testing)
Trong kim thng,phnmmphithcsc bin dch v chy.
S dng cc cp kim th ( nu phn I.4) thchin trong qu trnh kim
thng.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm19
II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
Cn gi l kthutkimthchcnng.
D liukim thcxut pht tc tphnmm, bao gm:
-ct yu cu(trong giai onkimthhthng)
-ctthitk(trong giai onkimth tch hp)
-ct chi tit m un(trong giai onkimthnv)
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm20
II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
Tester khng cn phi c kin thc v
ngn ng lp trnh, mi trng pht trinphnmm, cc h QT.CSDL,
Tester thao tc cc chc nng ca h
thng nh l mt ngi s dng hthng.
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm21
II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
Cc loi hnh kim th hp en thng dng:
- Kim th giao din (Interface testing)- Kim th kh nng chu ng ca h thng(Stress testing)
- Kim th pht hnh (Release testing)
- Kim th Alpha, Kim th Beta,
V d minh ha kim th giao din:
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II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
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II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
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II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
thc hin kim th hp en, cc Tester s
dng cc phng php sau:- Phn lp tng ng (Equivalence partitioning).
- Phn tch gi tr bin (Boundary value analysis).
- Kim th tt c cc cp (All-pairs testing).
- Kim th Fuzz (Fuzz testing).
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II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)
thc hin kim th hp en, cc Tester sdng cc phng php sau:
- Kim th da trn model (Model-based testing).
- Ma trn du vt (Traceability matrix).
- Kim th thm d (Exploratory testing).
- Kim th da vo c t / chc nng(Specification-base testing).
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm26
II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing) Cn gi l kthutkimthcu trc. Kim tra tnh logic v cu trc ca m
ngun. Kim tra ttc cc trnghp c thxy ra
trong m ngun (cu trc iu khin, cutrc lp,)
Testercnphi c kin thcv ngn ng lptrnh, mi trng pht trinphnmm, cc hQT.CSDL,
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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm27
II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing)
Cc loi hnh kim th hp trng thng dng:
- Kim th b phn(Component testing)- Kim th lp i tng(Object class testing)
V d minh ha kim th b phn:
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II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing)
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II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing)
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II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing)
thc hin kim th hp trng, cc Testers dng cc phng php sau:
- Bao ph m lnh (Code coverage).
- Gn li (Fault injection methods).
- Kim th hon chuyn (Mutation testing methods).
- Kim th tnh (Fuzz testing).
- Kim th giao din lp trnh ng dng(API testing-Application programming interface)
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II.2.3. Kim th hp xm (Gray box testing)
L hnh thc mi hnh thnh v ihi trnh cao.
L kiu trung gian giakimthhpen v kimthhp trng, trong testerphivndng cckin thc v thut ton, cu trc bn trong
chng trnh, nh ca hp trng nhng thitk testcase theo hngngisdnghocc testcase nhcahpen.
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***** Li kt
Ni dung bo co kt thc.
Xin chn thnhcmnsch theo dica Thy v cc bn; v rt mong csgp bo coca nhm chng ti
honthinhn!
*****