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BTL 02 -BLUE Between The Lines is a tri-annual literary magazine created entirely by students in Korea. Find out more in btlmag.weebly.com Like our facebook page http://www.facebook.com/BetweenTheLinesLiteraryMagazine Email [email protected]
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O2
Between The Lines
1 STORYTELLING ASIA
Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literature
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Asia Publishing Company presents some of the very best modern Korean literature to readers worldwide through its new Korean literature series ltKorean-English Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literaturegt We are proud and happy to offer it in the most authoritative translation by renowned translators of Korean literature We hope that this series helps to build solid bridges between citizens of the world and Koreans through rich in-depth understanding of Korea
Masterfully translated this bilingual series will prove invaluable to readers everywhere and to the classroom
FOLVKVYL8NOLZVSTIPHltUP]LYZP[`
The editors and translators are among the very best and most widely experienced in the field and the works chosen for the series are key parts of the modern to
contemporary literary world of KoreaF+H]PK94JHUUHY]HYKltUP]LYZP[`
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BTL1 STORYTELLING ASIA
Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literature
POLVUNQU
OLgtVUKLK
2PTgtVUPS
VSVM+HYRULZZ
`U2P`VUN
UPHTJOraquoVU
7HRgtHUZV
4V[OLYraquoZ[HRL
1V1UNYHL
OL3HUKVM[OL
)HUPZOLK
2PTLVUNVR
9LJVYKVMH
1VYUL`[V4QPU
^HUNVR`VUN
OL9VHK[V
HTWV
ULUNNPS
OL4HUgtOV
gtHZ3LM[HZ5PUL
7HPYZVMOVLZ
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6O1UNOLL
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OL7SHJLgtOLYL
[OLHYTVUPT
gtHZ
OraquoVLU
OL3HZ[VM
HUHRraquoV
VUN1P`VUN
THUKLJLUJ`
ULLR`UN
7VVY4HUraquoZgtPML
Asia Publishing Company presents some of the very best modern Korean literature to readers worldwide through its new Korean literature series ltKorean-English Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literaturegt We are proud and happy to offer it in the most authoritative translation by renowned translators of Korean literature We hope that this series helps to build solid bridges between citizens of the world and Koreans through rich in-depth understanding of Korea
Masterfully translated this bilingual series will prove invaluable to readers everywhere and to the classroom
FOLVKVYL8NOLZVSTIPHltUP]LYZP[`
The editors and translators are among the very best and most widely experienced in the field and the works chosen for the series are key parts of the modern to
contemporary literary world of KoreaF+H]PK94JHUUHY]HYKltUP]LYZP[`
IV_ZL[^VU^VUMVYLHJOIVVR
7YJOHZLPUXPYPLZIVVRHZPHOHUTHPSUL[
3
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
CREW
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
artworkHanna Lee829555668Junha Hwangcover art117072 Jennifer Park1428414375Solji Choi17Boeun Choo192335495060Lucia Kim32Rick Tierney64
spoken word poetry Emotion65
musical compositionMy perfect blue66
6
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
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ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
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72
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73
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Between The Lines
1 STORYTELLING ASIA
Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literature
POLVUNQU
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Asia Publishing Company presents some of the very best modern Korean literature to readers worldwide through its new Korean literature series ltKorean-English Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literaturegt We are proud and happy to offer it in the most authoritative translation by renowned translators of Korean literature We hope that this series helps to build solid bridges between citizens of the world and Koreans through rich in-depth understanding of Korea
Masterfully translated this bilingual series will prove invaluable to readers everywhere and to the classroom
FOLVKVYL8NOLZVSTIPHltUP]LYZP[`
The editors and translators are among the very best and most widely experienced in the field and the works chosen for the series are key parts of the modern to
contemporary literary world of KoreaF+H]PK94JHUUHY]HYKltUP]LYZP[`
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BTL1 STORYTELLING ASIA
Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literature
POLVUNQU
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gtHZ
OraquoVLU
OL3HZ[VM
HUHRraquoV
VUN1P`VUN
THUKLJLUJ`
ULLR`UN
7VVY4HUraquoZgtPML
Asia Publishing Company presents some of the very best modern Korean literature to readers worldwide through its new Korean literature series ltKorean-English Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literaturegt We are proud and happy to offer it in the most authoritative translation by renowned translators of Korean literature We hope that this series helps to build solid bridges between citizens of the world and Koreans through rich in-depth understanding of Korea
Masterfully translated this bilingual series will prove invaluable to readers everywhere and to the classroom
FOLVKVYL8NOLZVSTIPHltUP]LYZP[`
The editors and translators are among the very best and most widely experienced in the field and the works chosen for the series are key parts of the modern to
contemporary literary world of KoreaF+H]PK94JHUUHY]HYKltUP]LYZP[`
IV_ZL[^VU^VUMVYLHJOIVVR
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3
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
CREW
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
artworkHanna Lee829555668Junha Hwangcover art117072 Jennifer Park1428414375Solji Choi17Boeun Choo192335495060Lucia Kim32Rick Tierney64
spoken word poetry Emotion65
musical compositionMy perfect blue66
6
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
BTL1 STORYTELLING ASIA
Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literature
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Asia Publishing Company presents some of the very best modern Korean literature to readers worldwide through its new Korean literature series ltKorean-English Bi-lingual Edition Modern Korean Literaturegt We are proud and happy to offer it in the most authoritative translation by renowned translators of Korean literature We hope that this series helps to build solid bridges between citizens of the world and Koreans through rich in-depth understanding of Korea
Masterfully translated this bilingual series will prove invaluable to readers everywhere and to the classroom
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The editors and translators are among the very best and most widely experienced in the field and the works chosen for the series are key parts of the modern to
contemporary literary world of KoreaF+H]PK94JHUUHY]HYKltUP]LYZP[`
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a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
CREW
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
artworkHanna Lee829555668Junha Hwangcover art117072 Jennifer Park1428414375Solji Choi17Boeun Choo192335495060Lucia Kim32Rick Tierney64
spoken word poetry Emotion65
musical compositionMy perfect blue66
6
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
CREW
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
artworkHanna Lee829555668Junha Hwangcover art117072 Jennifer Park1428414375Solji Choi17Boeun Choo192335495060Lucia Kim32Rick Tierney64
spoken word poetry Emotion65
musical compositionMy perfect blue66
6
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
a 3 2 1 + - ( 3 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - ( 3 2 + 1 - 3 ( 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 ( 2 1 9 3 ( gt 0 lt 9 3 0 gt lt 9 3 ( 2 1 + - 3 2 1 A 4 5 = B A 4 = 5 2 1 + 3 - ( 2 1 + ( 0 lt 9 gt 8 lt 0 9 8 2 1-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt129
8321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ alkjdfalkjshdflakjsdf(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-
lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+ a321+-(321+-3(21+-(32+1-(32+1-(32+1-3(21232132132(21+-3(21+-3(2193(gt0lt930gtlt93(21+-321A45=BA4=521+3-(21+(0lt9gt8lt09821-32(1+-(3215BA45=A21+-3(2+1-3(21+-3(21+-(321gt9308ltgt9382gt192-1(545)(=1+30(lt960ltgt9B821930lt+0-lt(3+51)A)=3(390ltgt980gt3lt92B15+B-(2)130(=lt+6(03lt98gtB21)92+(1-30lt(30+lt9B21(gt)9B85gt)-B21)3+2lt-(30ltgt985gtB2-)(B21=)30(lt+3-0ltB8219)5-B21)(32+lt-(30lt986gt9821gt)5-21B(1)+(0lt9068ltgt983B215)-B2(1)+B(2+1-)3(0lt9gt08lt932gt-+)(B2+)-B(2+1908ltgt93(gt21-+5B(2+1)-(+5-B)(B2+4-182gt938gt0-1+B2(1)+21893lt08gt9lt-1(B2+1()32+193lt083gt93(21)+-B2(1+)-3(0lt9803gt91-B(21)+B2(5)-+B21930ltgt-3+B(21)54-)45()4+5-)(+1-(21983gt1298321-(B+2--)(B45+-)B(2198321gt5-B(+4)5-(+-321(32+-1(3+2-16gt01932136+-0(lt6-lt1(3+21-(3+-21(6+0lt-786gtlt983gt219(32+-1(3+2-1(6+09lt86gt09(6gt0-1(+32-1(6+
CREW
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
artworkHanna Lee829555668Junha Hwangcover art117072 Jennifer Park1428414375Solji Choi17Boeun Choo192335495060Lucia Kim32Rick Tierney64
spoken word poetry Emotion65
musical compositionMy perfect blue66
6
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
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Between The Lines
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
artworkHanna Lee829555668Junha Hwangcover art117072 Jennifer Park1428414375Solji Choi17Boeun Choo192335495060Lucia Kim32Rick Tierney64
spoken word poetry Emotion65
musical compositionMy perfect blue66
6
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
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sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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p9J[q
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p9JCVq
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37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
poetryUntitled10what phil down the pub was chatting about15The blue onion18Everblue20Tok Tak Tic27Bring out the Dead34The Non Existence of Blue38Blooming41
oulipoWhat is oulipo21 Bluebells22Blue24Snowball26
remix poetryEarth Being Blue25
translationThe Glass Window 143
editorialThe Crew44 Line poem9Translation as an artistic practice42A spring fantasy in a winter night an interview44Crew Recruitment 68Submission Details Phobia70Fonts72
|art| Jennifer Park
non fIctionPsychology of blue52The Artist Walk of Homage towards the Past54Avatar helping out or throwing out57The Awakening a Blemish on the Feminist Movement58The Pearl a glow of truth59Lrsquoempire des Lumiegraveres The Compatibility of Paradox 62
short storiesTied12Perfectionist28Comma30Vestige36
7
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Hanna Lee
8
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
Your facelike an open Braille book
My hand fumblinglike a blind blind reader
|poetry| Jillian Chun
9
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
It is when you realize thatYou donrsquot know what lies beneath you
Or how deep it isOr how cold it is
The moment when you loosen yourselfYou could fall forever before yoursquod know you know
And when you fall your eyelids stay glued tight until
The last breath gets stuck in your chestAnd you realize that it was after all)LMKMQ^QVOAEligWIPITMNaW]NITT
Then you know that you ought to face
the blurry world that pierces your eyeballsthe vast world too large to envision
the world saltier than your tears
Watery silence slices your eardrums openTo make you aware of all orchestral gurgling boos and woos
And giggling bubblesAnd gulping end of a scream
All that smothering pressure on you
Penetrating piercing harassing in any way possibleAll that pressure that tells you to rise above but
Only drags you deeper down
You wouldnrsquot dare even speak a word out loudWhen the sour world gushes and drowns your throat before
you could sound anythingSimilar to a dumb pop
The hostile rippling air that makes you
fear breathingEven when your lungs screech for air like a ship-horn
And your heart leaps like the tail of trout under the knife
But most of allThe chilly sweat
ltPMX]ZXTMAringVOMZQX[Stoop up veins
The brain-freeze that bites your neckAnd the tsunami of realization that you are alone
With nothing to hold on toFloundering
FallingAlone in that cold dark ebbing world
Dying
So Mr Swallow Irsquom saying this for the last timeI am not going to capsize from this yacht
not when we are600 meters away from the shore
Stop trying to convince me with all that life-vest life-guards safety-cords and once-in-a-life-time experience and builds-your-character crapDonrsquot you dare push me out this yacht
fpd
|poetry| Yunha Hwang
10
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
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p+MPQYq
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
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p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
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pQTGECUGUq
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pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Junha Hwang
11
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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73
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Between The Lines
The man and the girl picked their way among the mangroves and the mud When the mud became marsh the man stopped and looked down at the girl
Can you swim
No
He stood wondering about that but he didnrsquot wonder for long It was the marsh or the road and the road was death
Like all the things he hadnrsquot wanted to do since the world ended he hadnrsquot wanted to go near the water because the marsh at night was no place for the liv-ing - if they wanted to go on living Hersquod wanted to stay on the road and make a bed of blankets and sleep in the woods where it was still dry
But The Last were looking for survivors and they would come along the road
He hadnrsquot wanted to bring the girl either and wouldrsquove left her between her decaying parents at the back of the inn where hersquod found her three days before but his wife dead as she was would not have forgiven him
Having found her he hadnrsquot wanted to talk to her but she needed to speak and so he supposed did heHe hadnrsquot wanted the world to end hersquod wanted to live out his life have kids retire move to the coast fade into old age and then into nothingHe hadnrsquot gotten any of the things hersquod wanted It didnrsquot bother him There was nothing to be done -431gt3aelig38-)8388ů9-431gt9-7amp)94tied was his life and that would end soon enough He only had to wait
But for now there was the marsh and the canoe
Hersquod found the canoe because hersquod known where to look for it It had been fastened to a sign on a storersquos roof The store like the town hersquod once known was empty But there was a coil of rope and so he took it And there was a wrench wedged un-der one of the many bodies The jaw was adjustable and after hersquod scraped the blood from it he put the wrench with the rope In a workroom at the back of the store he found a ladder amongst cracking tar-paulins paint cans and hardened brushesThen he went outside to see about the canoeThe girl followed and waited while he positioned the ladder
What will happen if you fall
He looked at the roof It was a long way up Irsquoll hit the ground he said and began to climb
That had been two days ago
The end of the world had been some time before that It had become harder and harder to keep track of 92amp+979-aelig789=5148438amp3)9-8738amp3)the gunshots and all the screaming and the quiet knocks on locked doors and the coaxing whispers to turn the key to lift the deadbolt to let in the inevitable to feed The Last - and so he didnrsquot There was only today and tomorrow Yesterday re-ally didnrsquot matter
Paul
The girl said while they stood in the mud and watched the water It wasnrsquot his name but shersquod seen it stitched on the sleeve of the military jacket he wore and shersquod
|short story| Christy Lee
Tied
12
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
taken to calling him by it He hadnrsquot bothered to correct her He doubted either of them would live long enough to regret the lie What he answered
Irsquom hungry
He undid the ties on his rucksack and one by one laid out the contents Matches The wrench A cereal bar A bottle of water
He gave the cereal bar to the girl who put down the bucket she carried and began to eat He watched her a little while thought of saying something nice but didnrsquot know how to begin When she dropped a small chunk of the cereal bar and stooped to pick it out the mud he tried to say her name but realized that he had forgotten it
So he watched her a little longer as she sucked the mud from the gritty piece of cereal bar spat the mud out and chewed the soggy crumbs and he thought that even then he might have grown to like her in another time and in another place
He eased the canoe from his back slid it into the water got down on his haunches and leaned his weight on it The caulking held for a few moments amp3) 9-3 9-aelig789 4+ 9-ltamp97 85) 3Ű )-cided they would have to bail as they went but they wouldnrsquot have to bail as much as hersquod thought He pulled the canoe back on to the shore put the bucket and the oar in the hull and told the girl to climb in He handed his rucksack to the girl and told her to keep it in her lap Then he pushed the canoe out into the marsh walking behind it until the water reached his waist and did his best to 89ccedil-8amp858Ű-71973)amp743)94ltamp9(-him
Is it cold
Itrsquos cold
Will you get sick
Maybe It doesnrsquot matter
When will we come to the end of the water
I donrsquot know
The girl looked up at him What is the Last
Bad people
Are they following us
Yes
will they catch up
I miss my father the girl said And my mother
He didnrsquot say anything to that What was there to say
He wondered why he kept on walking when every-one he knew was dead He had good rope There were trees everywhere He wasnrsquot ready to die When he was ready he would stop
Around sunset they reached the tallest tree he had gt98339-2amp78-Ű1ltltamp729-394-8aelig3-gers and tied one end of the rope around the width of the canoe The other he tied to the wrench and threw it up into the branches When the wrench came down and a branch held the rope he climbed into the canoe and pulled on the rope The canoe rose an inch He pulled some more and the canoe rose an-other inch
He hauled them up that way He hauled for three hours When his arms tired he loosened the wrench put it against the rope twisted it so that the rope held the wrench and tied off the loose end onto a sturdy branch
Then he drank some of the water they had with them listened to the wind in the trees the creaking of the rope and the girlrsquos shallow breathing and lay back in the canoe and slept as well as he couldWhen he woke at some time in the night he hoped that The Last wouldnrsquot follow them into the marsh +97amp3)ů9-7amp3lt41)aelig119-797amp(08amp3)in the morning there would be only undisturbed mud at the edge of the marsh
In the morning there was mist on the water It hadnrsquot looked like it rained A group of men stood waist-deep in the marsh like ghosts in the fog
Come down one said
The man sat watching them There were too many to aelig-9Ű1440)amp99-71lt-4ltamp88911amp815ŰMoisture had gathered on her hair and on her clothes The men of The Last would use her and when they could use her no more she would die
If we have to come up there and get you said one of 9-2339-289Ű))39aelig38-9-9-4-9Ű
The man in the canoe the man the girl called Paul looked down at them and then looked at the rope He loosened the end wrapped around the wrench and keeping his weight on it so that it didnrsquot slip he tied the rope into a noose and slipped the noose around the girlrsquos neck He thought of kissing her forehead but worried that the kiss might wake her and so he didnrsquot
Then he let go of the rope and dropped with the wrench into the mist where he disappeared amongst the scattering men
13
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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I[[PMIOWWL^QWTQVQ[0MTTVW]IOIQVIVLIOIQV1ITTW_MLPMZ W [VIKPI_IaUa^QWTQV XTIa Q NWZ TWVOPW]Z[ IVLUIZKPI_Ia_QPW]M^MVI_WZLWN PIVSaW] 1KW]TLVM^MZO]M[[_Pa1TMPMZ4WWSQVOJIKS1PQVSPI1UIaVM^MZPI^MJMMVQVN]TTKWVZWTWNPM[Q]IQWVI[1XZW]LTaJMTQM^MLWJMPM_I[PMLQ^IWV[IOMZ]VVQVO_IMZ]V[WXXIJTMPMOWUMTQSMVWJWLa
1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
sup1gtQ^I)VOMTIordm1KITTMLPMZgtQ^IPMOQZTPIQV[QTTMLQVUM[MMTKW]ZIOMWUISMKW]VTM[[IL^IVKM[IVLaMUW^MUMWUMZMsup1]UU[ordmM^MZaQUM1UMPMZ1VM^MZTW[QVMZM[QVPMZ7VMLIa1_I[_ITSQVOJaPMQKMKZMIU[ITTX]TTQVO5Z[ltZWJMfrac14[PMTTQ[PLWOITWVOIVLPMZM1[XWMLPMZQVKPQNNWVJTW][M[PIZ-QVOIKPMZZaR]JQTMM_QPQKS-aM[LIZQVOTI[PM[JIQVOPMVM`UQV]M[PM_I[OWVM1ZMUMUJMZMLPW]Z[IVLPW]Z[INMZAringVQ[PQVOIJQOJW_TWNQKMKZMIUUa[MTNPI1frac14LTW[UaKT]KPWVPMLWOTMI[PZQOPPMZMWVPM[XW
MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
1 XZIaML WWL IVL ITT PM IVOMT[ IJW^M PI6QVI_W]TL JMPIVOQVOW]_QP5QSMWZ_PWUM^MZ[PM_I[LIQVO_QPPM[MLIa[JMQVOPMVWWZQW][W_VAEligQZ[PM_I[7ZITMI[[PM_I[[]XXW[MLWSVW_SVW_QV]QQ^MTaIVLQV[IVTaPI1LQLVfrac14TQSMPMZltPMXPWVMZIVOPZMMQUM[JMNWZM[PMIV[_MZMLsup10Ma6QVI IZM aW] NZMM VM`_MMSordm 1 KZQVOML IUa PWTTW_^WQKMsup1]ZMIZMaW]NZMMVM`lt]M[LIaordmPM[MMUMLVWWPI^MPM[TQOPM[ QVSTQVO WN Ua Z]M QVMVQWV[ ltPMZM _I[ WVTa NIQV[]ZXZQ[MIVLMIOMZVM[[QVPMZJZMIPTM[[^WQKM1KW]TLQUIOQVMPMZ_QZTQVOPMMTMXPWVM_QZMNWZN]ZPMZQV[Z]KQWV[1NMTKWZVMZMLsup1AMIP[IaLQVVMZI+PW_KPW_frac14WKTWKSordm1_I[ I[ QN 1 PILXZIKQKML PM[M TQVM[ IP]VLZML QUM[ ltPM_WZL[AEligM_W]WNUaUW]PKPWZMWOZIXPMLWXMZNMKQWVPMV[PMP]VO]XITI[1_I[JQMZTaJTMISraquoWZ_PIfrac141_WVLMZML1LQLVfrac14M^MVSVW__PI1_IVMLNZWUPMIKUMWNUaLZMIU[UQ[[][)VOMTI
7V ]VLIa 1 ZIV QVW)VOMTI I PM JWWS[WZM PM IXXMIZMLNZWU PM JWWS[WZM NIKM AElig][PML KT]KPQVO I PMI^a [PWXXQVOJIO0MZNIKM_I[MIZ[IQVML0MZKPQV_I[[PISQVO1Y]QKSTa]ZVMLI_IaltPMVM`UWUMV[PM_I[QVNZWVWNUMPMZMaM[AEligI[PQVOTQSMP]VLMZJWTsup1AW]TQSMUMordm1_I[IVQUXMZQITWZLMZ[PM[XQMLW]1[WWL[QTMVPMKWVQV]MLPMZQUXIQMVKMOZW_QVO_QPMIKPUWUMVsup1AW]U][ordmPMKWUUIVLMLltPMVPMZNIKMKZ]UXTML[ZIVOM-TaIVL[PM[ITSMLWNN1_IKPMLPMZ]VQT[PMLQ[IXXMIZMLQVWNIZLQ[IVKM
ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
7Vlt]M[LIafrac14WKTWKS1_I[PMZMQVPMXIZSKIZMN]TTaISQVOW]Ua ^QWTQV IVL JW_ PM KIUM I frac14W KTWKS0MZ TQOP JT]M[SQZOMVTa[_IaMLQVPM_QVLPMKIUMTQSMIZIQTWN_QVLOZIKMN]TIVL_MQOPTM[[ 1_IKPMLPMZ QVILIbMI[[PMKIUMNWZPIZUQVIZU_QPIO]a1frac14LVM^MZ[MMVJMNWZM1_IKPMLPMZPWZW]OPTaPM_IaPMZTQX[XW]MLI[[PM[ILW_VWVPMOZI[[PM_IaPMZMaM[[_QNTa[PWIVIV`QW][OTIVKMIUMPWTLQVOI[_MMXTMI
6MIZTa[]UJTQVO)VOMTIKIUMNWZP0MZ TQX[X]Z[ML QVLMMXPW]OP[PMWWSUa^QWTQVIVL[IZMLWXTIa1_I[PMJM[UMTWLa[PMPILXZWL]KML[WNIZJ]NWZWVKM1NW]VLVWXZIQ[MWWNNMZ_WZL[1PILXZMXIZMLLQMLWVUaTQX[NMTTQVPMLMMXIJa[[WNUa[WUIKP1WVTa[MV[MLPI1_I[JMQVO_IKPMLJaPMAringO]ZMJMPQVLUMJMQVOKITK]TIMLIVL_MQOPMLltPMKWTWZ[LZIQVMLW]WNUaNIKMIVL1[WWL]XIJZ]XTa[MMQVOVWPQVO]1_I[X][PMLLW_VJaKWTLPIVL[PMPIVL[PI)VOMTIPILPMTLQPPQ[PIVL[AringZUTaXTIVMLWVUa[PW]TLMZ[PMTI]OPMLIOIQVIVLIOIQVJWQ[MZW][TaJMTTW_QVOW]]VPQLLMVUQZP1ZMKITTMLQKSfrac14[O]QTMTM[[M`XZM[[QWVI[PMPILTI]OPMLR][ TQSM PI N]TT WN IU][MUMV sup1+PQTTUIMordm PM PIL [IQL 1[PQ^MZMLltPMPIVL[UW^MLVW_)VL1PMIZLNWW[MX[JMPQVLUMQVIVI[[]ZMLZPaPUQKXIKM)VOMTIPITMLQVPMUQLLTMWNI[PZQTT^QJZIW
sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
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p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
|photography| Jennifer Park
14
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
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ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|poetry| James Shillabeer
A diaphragm in a playground no longer has symbolic weight because ldquowerdquo have lost our way but really we havenrsquot its just a sort of exaggeration that makes us think we are generationally distinct and have rede-ned what it is to be pleasurably screwed up indulging in faux despair and unnecessary French language interruptions masquerading as renements while thinking unimaginable that we can be topped because if we are not at the edge where are we At a window Well we are precisely where they left us which is where they were left in their turn to lark in inheritance and spend it on more of the same with the volume raised so that we can drown out the absence of nagging doubts which we hope upon like those countless meteors that could one day interrupt the rotation of the earth and bring no sun to bear against our almost-instinct
what Phil down the pub was chatting about
15
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
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ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
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+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
|art| Solji Choi
16
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
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ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
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1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
+JCFCVJQWUCPFSWGUVKQPUVQCUMCOCUUKXGFGUKTGVQJQNFJGTKPO[CTOCICKPCPFGPFNGUUFTGCOUKPYJKEJ+YQWNFUVCDJGTQXGTCPFQXGTCICKP+YQPFGTGFJQYUJGYQWNFTGCEVKH+VQNFJGTVJCVCUOWEJCU+NQXGFJGT+YCUCNUQDWTPKPIKPWPGZVKPIWKUJCDNGƃCOGUQHTGXGPIGampQ[QW NQXGJKO + CUMGFJGT KPO[FTGCOUYJKNG +oOUNCUJKPIJGTQXGTCPFQXGTCICKPampQ[QWNQXGJKO+PVJQUGFTGCOUUJGYQWNFPGXGTTGRN[
+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
|art| Solji Choi |art| Solji Choi
17
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
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ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
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1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
+JCFCVJQWUCPFSWGUVKQPUVQCUMCOCUUKXGFGUKTGVQJQNFJGTKPO[CTOCICKPCPFGPFNGUUFTGCOUKPYJKEJ+YQWNFUVCDJGTQXGTCPFQXGTCICKP+YQPFGTGFJQYUJGYQWNFTGCEVKH+VQNFJGTVJCVCUOWEJCU+NQXGFJGT+YCUCNUQDWTPKPIKPWPGZVKPIWKUJCDNGƃCOGUQHTGXGPIGampQ[QW NQXGJKO + CUMGFJGT KPO[FTGCOUYJKNG +oOUNCUJKPIJGTQXGTCPFQXGTCICKPampQ[QWNQXGJKO+PVJQUGFTGCOUUJGYQWNFPGXGTTGRN[
+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
One morning a fine one tooWas a man who started his day
As he did beforeBarely awakened by the deep rumbles of caffeine
And the colorless sunlightHe sits down like any other day
The worn out visageReflected on the filthy woodSeems to have no end to it
Like always the man lowered his eyesHoping to see his unhappiness
Only to stare atA curious thing a radiant blue
That shoneEven in the darkest clouds
But gave tears to any
His eyes brightened up A relief to run away from his life at first
After gasping at its value
His mouth smothered with salivaShowed his toothless inside
Roaring roaringThat now he could be mighty
Haughty over thousands Who would kneel low
Hoping to get a glimpse of thatMagnificent fruit that peculiar hue
While rejoicedHis body trembled with familarity
Only for a momentFear that he had so long agoLosing something precious
What meant being paralyzed of bitterness
Shaking his head he stares at itOver and over
Until he jumps at the soundOf heavy knocks
Shouts of men threatening him
The uproar makes him Frantic aghast
DevastatedJust to imagine its bluish glow gone
The blares outside gets closerthuds of pillars
trying to break inUntil he in a blink
Shoves the fruit into his mouth
Chewing furiously at the raw fruitWithout even peeling
The white juice oozes down his chinWith bits left undigested
Tears pour down his wrinklesWere they sadness
Were they satisfactionor merely its pungent taste
The sharpnessPoking his blaring nostrils
Did he notice it at all
The strong taste That left the wall of the mouth
Inflamed and sore
No longer were there any menOnly the faint chimes of birds
And the bustle of streets
He glances at cold ground withthe bits of fruit left
And criesFalls Falls
The Blue Onion
|poetry| chloe kim
18
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
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ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
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1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
+VTKGFVQWPFGTUVCPFJGT+VYCUPCVWTCNVJCVUJGYQWNFYCPVVQTGUGVJGTNKHGYKVJQWVVJGJQTTKDNGOGOQT[QHJGTFGCFEJKNFTGPJCWPVKPIJGT$WV + JCF UQOCP[ VJKPIUVQVGNNJGTVJCV+YCUUQTT[VJCV+OKUUGFJGTCPFVJCV+ UVKNN NQXGF JGT HGYOQPVJU NCVGTYJGP + JGCTF VJGPGYU VJCV UJGYCU JCRR[ KP JGT PGY JQWUGJQNFOQ-TQUGVWTPGFKPVQCIQP[CPFCIQP[VWTPGFKPVQTCIG6JGDWTPKPIPKIJVOCTGQHCDCPFQPOGPVGPITCXGFCUECTKPVJGFGGRGUVRCTVQHO[JGCTV
+JCFCVJQWUCPFSWGUVKQPUVQCUMCOCUUKXGFGUKTGVQJQNFJGTKPO[CTOCICKPCPFGPFNGUUFTGCOUKPYJKEJ+YQWNFUVCDJGTQXGTCPFQXGTCICKP+YQPFGTGFJQYUJGYQWNFTGCEVKH+VQNFJGTVJCVCUOWEJCU+NQXGFJGT+YCUCNUQDWTPKPIKPWPGZVKPIWKUJCDNGƃCOGUQHTGXGPIGampQ[QW NQXGJKO + CUMGFJGT KPO[FTGCOUYJKNG +oOUNCUJKPIJGTQXGTCPFQXGTCICKPampQ[QWNQXGJKO+PVJQUGFTGCOUUJGYQWNFPGXGTTGRN[
+RQWTGFO[UGNHKPVQCPGYECUGOQTGVJCP+WUWCNN[FKF6JGFC[+ECWIJVVJGUWURGEVYCUITC[YKVJCVKPVQHTGFKPVJGYKPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFCVOGYKVJJKUƂPIGTVKRUUVCKPGFKPUECTNGVV+NQQMGFDCEMCVJKOYKVJPQGOQVKQPKPO[G[GUJQNFKPICEKICTGVVGVJCVYCUCNOQUVDWTPGFVQ VJGGPF6JGMKNNGT NQQMGFDCEM VQ VJGEQTRUG CPFOWTOWTGF
p$QTGFq
5VGRRKPIQPVJGEKICTGVVGVJCVJCFETKRRNGFKPVQCUJGU+TGRNKGF
p+MPQYq
GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Boeun Choo
19
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
PMJZIVKPM[_QPUaAringVOMZ[ltPIVQOP1KITTML]X6QVIWI[SPMZW]WVILIM
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ltPIM^MVWV]VLIa[PWWSUM)TTPM_IaPZW]OP5WVLIa1_I[]X[MK]ZQW][]UW[WNITT1_I[W^MZRWaML1KIVKMTTMLUaLIM_QP6QVI1JMTQM^MLPIgtQ^I)VOMTIPILNITTMVQVTW^M_QPUMIVLLM^I[IMLPI1_I[I[SQVO6QVIWVILIM1JM-TQM^MLPI[PM_I[RMITW][IVLPI[PM_I[TWIPWTMUMOW)UWUMV[1_I[NZMVbQMLIWPMZQUM[1_I[^Q^IKQW][IVLPIXXa1_I[LZ]VS_QP^QKWZasup1QKSMTTUMITTIJW]PMZordm1XTMILML_QPQKS1_IVMLWOMWSVW_PMZM^MVQNI[[PITTW_I[QKSfrac14[JZQMNZMTIQWV[PQX_QPPMZ_I[QKSTI]OPMLZ]LMTasup1AW]IZMUILordm
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PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
MKEJGNNJCVGFOGƂIJVKPICPFVJCVYCUGZCEVN[YJCV+FKFGXGT[FC[6JGYQTMQHCQPFQP KPXGUVKICVQT KP-ENWFGFƂIJVKPIYKVJOWTFGTGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJICPIUVGTUƂIJVKPIYKVJFTWIFGCNGTUCPFƂIJVKPIYKVJUJKVV[RQ-NKEGEJKGHU9KVJCNNVJQUGUECTUVJCV+ECTTKGFCTQWPFK-EJGNN VJQWIJVUJGoFUGGOGFGCFCP[VKOGNN +EQWNFUC[VQJGTYJGPGXGTUJGNQQMGFCVOGYKVJVJQUGVKTG-UQOGG[GUYCU VJCV +YQWNFIKXGWR VJKU UKEM LQDCPFNGCXGYKVJJGTVQCEJCTOKPIN[DWEQNKERNCEGYJGTG+ECPNQQMCVQPN[JGTCPFPQVJKPIGNUG
9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
(YLOH[LVWHGVWURQJDQGUHYHUEHUDWLQJHYHQEHIRUHLQRIRXQGWKHSHDUOWVLPSOODKLGGHQXQGHUWKHVXUIDFHKHQ KH GLG iquestQG LW WKH EULJKW UHAgraveHFWLRQ RI WKH SHDUORSHQHG WKHGRRU WRQHZRSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGZRUOGVDQGWKHFRQAgraveLFWVDQGKXQJUGHVLUHVWKDWLQRKDGUHSUHVVHGGRZQZLWKLQKLP7KHSHDUOZDVVLPSOWKHNHWRXQORFNKLVLQQHUGUHDPVDQGGHVLUHVDQGLQRKDGWKLVNHLQKLVJUDVS
7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
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72
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73
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Between The Lines
Oulipoipo
|POETRY| JILLIAN CHUN
You have a couple of eyes
Dug in your smooth sandy face
Like two pits of desert oasis
when you daydream
Bluish moods float carelessly
Surface of tainted glass
Coy smiles lifting their skirts Coy smiles lifting their skirts
Effortless
Unsaid jokes effervesce silently
Fizzing like spilt soda
Shallow aquarium
Full of swimming emotions
Your pupils like round pebbles
Thrown in to that clear waters Thrown in to that clear waters
Gleaming darkly like
Bathtub stoppers
Shredded waves
Stir out when insults
Plunge deep like a bold
Fishing hook
When knifely tongues When knifely tongues
Gut your opinions
Their glittering indigo
Fins ripped
And pained
Your marine dreams
Splay under the sun
MarinatedMarinated
After the storm your
Eyes saturated with sleep
Laps away in small waves
The shores of the dreamland
I lean down
Like a thirsty traveler
For a sip of For a sip of
The everblue
-
20
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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GTGCEJGFHQTVJGIWPKPJKURQEMGVCPFNQQMGFCVOGSWKKECNN[+CEVWCNN[MKPFQHJQRGFVJCVJGYQWNFUJQQVOG+PUVGCFJGUCKF
pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
5WTRTKUGF CPF [GV KPFKHHGTGPV + FKFPoV UC[ C YQTF[G[GDTQYU VYKVEJGF KP TGRN[ G UOKNGF ETQQMGFN[ CPFJCPFGFOGJKUIWPCNQPIYKVJCRKGEGQHRCRGT6JGIWPYCURTKPVGFYKVJJKUƂPIGTRTKPVUCPFVJGRCRGTJCFCPCFFTGUUYTKVVGPQPKV9CUVJKUCKPFKECVKQPQHUWTTGPFGT1TLWUVUQOGRGTXGTVGFVTKEMVQUCXGJKOUGNH
p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
(YLOH[LVWHGVWURQJDQGUHYHUEHUDWLQJHYHQEHIRUHLQRIRXQGWKHSHDUOWVLPSOODKLGGHQXQGHUWKHVXUIDFHKHQ KH GLG iquestQG LW WKH EULJKW UHAgraveHFWLRQ RI WKH SHDUORSHQHG WKHGRRU WRQHZRSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGZRUOGVDQGWKHFRQAgraveLFWVDQGKXQJUGHVLUHVWKDWLQRKDGUHSUHVVHGGRZQZLWKLQKLP7KHSHDUOZDVVLPSOWKHNHWRXQORFNKLVLQQHUGUHDPVDQGGHVLUHVDQGLQRKDGWKLVNHLQKLVJUDVS
7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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73
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Between The Lines
oulipooulipoOulipoOulipooulipo is a unique approach to writing that is best represented by
the technique of lsquorestrained writingrsquo and originally began in 1960s among French writers and mathematicians Oulipo seeks to enhance poetic creativity and rhythmic quality in poems by employing mathematical systems and structured lsquorulesrsquo There are many variations including those that use popular code forms such as anagrams to those that use re-straints such as using only vowels for a poem In this section of the BTL literary magazine poets have employed methods such as N+7 V+7 (changing an already-published poem by changing every nounverb by the seventh word after it in a dictionary) Snowball (creating a visual widening structure) or usage of active onomatopoeia
21
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
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27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
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72
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Between The Lines
chickenBluebells|poetry|Jillian Chun -Dannie Abse and Oxford school dictionary and verbs that were six words too late
Cutting for the bluebells near St Mellons
two boys taunted the defecating of the l ight
in a h igh ebbing tunnel They strained
left foot on the pedal right on the ground
to shower loudly My hedgehog Glad is sad aye
When Ke ith lashed I DON lT BELONG IN GOD
belong in God in God in God a sudden
WHOOSH reprimanded Four pupils d impled
Tachycardia A goods train clotted over
and multitudinous thunderbolts stammered
Later b ikes annih i lated against a stout tree
they heated a mayonnaise bee sh ivering
among the profusion of flowers they bestowed
to pie Ke ith saluted Devout l ittle bugger
stings l ike a daft insect ls prayer to me
Through the returning dark tunnel they hugged
echoes and lasted But the small dot rel ished
below the big question mark when they combed out
(bluebells al ive in the handlebar baskets)
blessed in the unanswering l ight of the world
22
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
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27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
chicken
|art| Boeun Choo
23
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
Red was your comaIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodshotWas it redhead-octapus for warming the deafHaiku to make immortalThe precious hellish redhead the fanatic redheads
When you had your way finallyOur root was red A juggernaut champagneShut castanets for generals The carrot of bloodshotPatterned with darkening CongressThe cushy-rugby corn bloodshotSheer bloodshot-fame from ceilbate to floppy-diskThe customers the same The sameRaw carnivore along the wine-seaweedA throbbing Celsius Aztec alternative-tenant
Only the boomerangs escaped into whiteness
And outside the winePorcupines thin and writhing-frailAs the skirt on bloodSamurai that your faucet named you afterLike blood lobbing from a gastropodAnd rostrums the heartrsquos last governess
Catastrophobic arterial doomedYour veneable long full skull a sweatshirt of bloodA lavish burrowYour liquid a dipped deep crisp
You reveled in redI felt it raw- like the crisp GCSE editionOf a stiffening wrapper I could touchThe open vendetta in it the crusted glimpse Evoke you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with rostrums defeated itLeaned over it dripping rostrumsWeeping rostrums and more rostrumsThen sometimes among them a little bluff-birth control
Blue was better for you Blue has winklesKingfisher blue silvers from San FranciscoFolded your preludeIn crucifiable caribousBlue was your kindly spit- not a gibberishBut electrified a guffaw thoughtful
In the pitchblende of red
You hid from the bonus-clitoris whiteness
But the jigsaw you lost was blue
Red was your colourIf not red then white But redWas what you wrapped around youBlood-red Was it bloodWas it red-ochre for warming the deadHaematite to make immortalThe precious heirloom bones the family bones
When you had your way finallyOur room was red A judgement chamberShut casket for gems The carpet of bloodPatterned with darkenings congealmentsThe curtains -- ruby corduroy bloodSheer blood-falls from ceiling to floorThe cushions the same The sameRaw carmine along the window-seatA throbbing cell Aztec altar -- temple
Only the bookshelves escaped into whiteness
And outside the windowPoppies thin and wrinkle-frailAs the skin on bloodSalvias that your father named you afterLike blood lobbing from the gashAnd roses the hearts last goutsCatastrophic arterial doomed
Your velvet long full skirt a swathe of bloodA lavish burgandyYour lips a dipped deep crimson
You revelled in redI felt it raw -- like crisp gauze edgesOf a stiffening wound I could touchThe open vein in it the crusted gleam
Everything you painted you painted whiteThen splashed it with roses defeated itLeaned over it dripping rosesWeeping roses and more rosesThen sometimes among them a little bluebird
Blue was better for you Blue was wingsKingfisher blue silks from San FranciscoFolded your pregnancyIn crucible caressesBlue was your kindly spirit -- not a ghoulBut electrified a guardian thoughtful
In the pit of redYou hid from the bone-clinic whiteness
But the jewel you lost was blue
RedTed Hughes
Blue|remix poetry|Jillian Chun Ted Hughes and Oxford school dictionary
24
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
Mars Being Red
Marvin Bell
Being red is the color of a white sun where it lingers on an arm Color of time lost in sparks of space lost inside dance Red of walks by the railroad in the flush
of youth while our steps released the squeaks of shoots reaching for the light Scarlet of sin crimson
of fresh blood ruby and garnet of the jewel bed early sunshine vestiges of the late sun as it turns
green and disappears Be calm Do not give in to the rabid red throat of age In a red world imprint
the valentine and blush of romance for the dark It has come You will not be this quick-to-redden forever
You will be green again again and again
Earth Being Blue |remix poetry| Yunha Hwang (inspired by Mars Being Red)
Being blue is the color of black sea where it lingers on a chin Color of time surging in waves of space rising Above floods Blue of sighs by the trumpets in the chill
of ageing while our gazes released the tears of teal sinking to the bottom Indigo of death turquoise of bruised corpse sapphire and opal of the coral bed
deep moonlight spirit of the full moon as it pales to bones and disappears Be alive Do not give in
to the languid blue veins of sage In a blue world render The silence and a droplet of peace for the war
It has gone You will not be this quick-to-ashen forever You will be green again again and again
25
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
snowball
|poetry|jillian chun
26
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
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POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
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Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
|POETRY| YU
NH
A HW
ANG
ABeCan
DropEatenFuzzedHoneyIcicled
Jell-OedKnifelike
Length of aMangled toe
Nameless nestOf frostbitten bugs
Paralyzed wings likeQuicksand the winters
Rake away hungrily whileSalivating savagely over all
That has lived a bit too long itrsquos aUbiquitous law One unicorn dies everytime a
Virgin gets her hymen pierced the God scratches old menrsquosWrinkles digs up fleshy dirt to mold fingers for that child yet unborn
X chromosomes knots and descend heirlooms of a glint in the eye or an arch in the smile a shard of theYesterday midst of all that a dead bee can drop eaten fuzzed honey icicled jell-oed knifelike and nestled within its parched almost hollow stomach is perhaps a faint bu
ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
27
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
SPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQVTQSMQ_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZ VWM[ AEligW]VKML PQOPMZ IVL PQOPMZ PMZ ZQOP IZU [_]VOW] QV[IKKIW[IV QV[Z]UMVWN Q[W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZWPMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIMPQVAringVOMPMXTIaMLPM^QWTQV TQSM Q_I[UMIVWAEliga]XQVPM[Sa0MZVWM[AEligW]VKMLPQOPMZIVLPQOPMZPMZZQOPIZU[_]VOW]QV[IKKIW[IVQV[Z]UMVWNQ[ W_V)VLLW_VIVL NZW PMa_MV PW[MLMTQKIM PQVAringV-OMZ[MI[QVOPMM^MVPQVVMZVWM[WVPM^QWTQV)TTPI_PQTM[PMVM^MZTWWSMLI_IaVWWVKMPM_I[QVIVQ[WTIML_WZTL)TWVM]_PMVPMAringVITKZM[KMVLWZQ^MMLIKZW[[ PM_PWTM[Sa [PM TWWSMLLW_VWVUMJMZIaQVOI TMIV[UQTMltPMVITTQVWVMAElig]MVOM[]ZMWNINIZM_MTT[PMAringVITTaW[[MLI_IaPM^QWTQVWVPMOZI[[OZIKQW][I[KW]TLJMltPQ[PIXXMVMLM^MZalt]M[LIa
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|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
The Perfectionist
Every morning starts off with visiting the local coffee shop that probably lives off the money I spend in it everyday A cup of dark Americano with two teaspoons of sugar and no cream please ndash in three minutes sharp The barista shoots me that eerie half smilehalf wince expression and I reply by raising my eye-brows Hersquos probably thinking ldquoWhatrsquos the point of buying a dark Americano if yoursquore going to put sugar in itrdquo or something along those lines Well there isnrsquot And thatrsquos why my world is beautiful- a highly
intellectual concept that he will never understand
Heading out from the coffee shop I puff up the collars of my favorite navy Burberry jacket and sip some of my bittersweet Americano I wince ndash the barista had put in two and a half teaspoons of sugar when I had VSHFLAgraveFDOODVNHGIRUWZR7KHH[WUDQHRXVKDOIWHDVSRRQFRPSOHWHOUXLQVWKHWDVWHIDYRULQPPRUQLQJcoffee making it bittersweet-sweet instead of just bittersweet So I throw it away in the next trash bin I see and walk on without giving it a second glance They always say that the start determines the rest ndash my motto in life And so I donrsquot let this kind of trivial slip become a negative premonition of my day
I buy a bag of popcorn from the vending machine and head toward Central Park where I usually feed the ducks At the park my usual seat on the bench is surprisingly warm and I feel a bit violated for a moment my sacred spot having been intruded upon by someone else Yet this mild irritation disappears after I catch
the sight of two ducks waddling toward me
Riiiip goes the paper bag and the smell of factory made popcorn stings my nostrils I grab a handful and scatter it in front of the waddling ducks Waddle waddle waddle they go as they pick at the popcorn throw
it up in the air gobble it up and repeat this cycle
Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble Waddle pick swish gobble
From past experience I know that it takes about twenty two (when there are many ducks and they are hun-gry) to thirty three (when there arenrsquot that many ducks) minutes to empty the bag of popcorn Today I had SUHGLFWHGWKDWLWZRXOGWDNHPLQXWHVWRAgraveQLVKWKLVDFWLYLWEXWZLOOQHYHUUHDOONQRZEHFDXVHIRU
WKHAgraveUVWWLPHIRUJRWWRWLPHPVHOI
First the wrong coffee and now this
My life has always been perfect ndash and today will be too
I look at my watch and realize that itrsquos only 834am Not too late to start a new day It takes me twenty two minutes to walk back to my apartment I take off my clothes and hang them in the closet in the same place as theyrsquore always in before I get dressed in the morning I lie down in bed retime my watch to 659am and pose as if I have fallen asleep A few seconds later the alarm rings - itrsquos 700am
I reopen my eyes
Itrsquos a brand new day And everything is going to be perfect
|short prose| Aekyung sin
28
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Hanna Lee
|short prose| Aekyung sin
|art| Hanna Lee
29
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1_I[PM_IaPMZMaM[AEligI[PML]XWVUMTQSMRWaQ[MTNPM_IaPMZMaM[KW]TLPITPM[Y]MISQVO_WZL[QVUaUW]PWITIba[WX 1_I[ PM_Ia PMZ [TMVLMZ IZU[ JZ]ITTa JIMZML IVLJZ]Q[MLUa^QWTQVR][TQSMPIPMZMWVPMOZI[[1_I[PM_Ia[PMTMNUMJZMIPTM[[IVLKWTLI[QKM
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
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|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
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MITQbIQWV KIUM TIM ] [TW_Ta Q LI_VML WVUM PM _IaL][S[M[QV1KW]TL[IVLPMWZUMVVWTWVOMZPMVAringVITTaQKSPITNPMIZMLTaIOZMMLW MTTUMITTIJW]PMZ 1PIL[]K-K]UJML WUa JMMZ R]LOUMV ltPM MVLTM[[ LIa[ IVL VQOP[WN[PMMZM`KZ]KQIQWV_W]TLKWUMWI[WX1_W]TL[MMPMZVWTWVOMZltPIVQOP1OWVW[TMMXIITT1_IKPMLPMZMMTMI^M[UISMLQU[PILW_[WVPMK]ZIQV[ ZIKMLPM TMIVK]Z^M[WN
Comma
|short prose| Alliju kim
30
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|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
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sup1WXordm[PM_IZQTa_PQ[XMZMLsup11frac14UOWQVOcedil_IQordmPM[PW]MLQVITW]LMZ^WQKMPMKI]OPPQ[PIVLZQXXQVOSQ[[MLQWVJMVL-MLSVMM[1KTW[MLUaMaM[
1PMTLPMTI[NZIOUMV[WNUaI_ML^Q[QWVWNgtQ^I)VOMTII[[PMKIUMQVWPMXIZS1PMTLPMTI[QUIOMWNPMZI[IXI]XMZLM[XMZIMTaKTQVOQVOWV+IZMTM[[TaW[[MLI[QLMTQSM1_I[1]V-LMZ[WWLITTWW_MTT1]VLMZ[WWLPI1_I[IVQV[Z]UMVQVPMZMaM[ITQSMQVVI]ZM_QPPMKPIXXML^QWTQV0MZLM[QZMWNTW^M_I[[WOZMIPIM^MVI[I[]J[Q]M1_I[I^QITWJRMKltPMV[PMPILVMMLMLUMQVWZLMZWZW][MXI[[QWVQVPMZTW^MZfrac14[PMIZ 7VTa Q PILVfrac14_WZSML 8Qa ZW[M QV[QLMUM PW]OP NWZ_PWU1KW]TLVW[Ia)VLPMPIZ[PJMZIaIT1NMTITWVO_QPPMP]ZIVLIVOMZIVLPMTXTM[[VM[[ITTR]UJTML]XQVI[WZLQL_Q[5a^MQV[_W]VLQVWIPZWJJQVOSVWZMILaWJZMIS1XWQVMLPMJW_frac14[QXW_IZL[UaKPM[UQUQKSQVOI[IJJQVOUWQWVltPM[SaTQY]QLIMLQVIXWWTWNJT]MQVSJMNWZMUaMaM[
1UUMLQIMTa ]XWV ZM]ZVQVO PWUM 1 TWKSMLUa LWWZ 1 KW]TLPI^MKZQMLPM_PWTMVQOP]PMZM_I[VWN]MTQV[QLMUMTMNWJ]ZV]XWKZaIVLIKPM1PIL[XMVWWU]KPMVMZOaTW^QVO)VOMTIltPMZM_I[VWUWZMLMXW[QW_QPLZI_NZWUZIVOMTaJ]ZLMVML1XT]VSMLLW_VWVUaJML[IZQVOQVWMUXa[XIKMltPIVQOP6QVIKITTMLUM1WTLPMZQVPMPIZ[PM[_WZL[PW_1PILI[SMLPMZW]WVTaJMKI][M[PMAEligQZML_QPM^MZaJWLa1PMIZLPMZQVISMWNOI[XPMZZMXZWIKPN]TJZMIPPITQVOJMNWZM1P]VO]XWVPMZltPMVM`LIa1UMPMZ]XIVL[WWPMLPMZ_QP PM[WN_WZL[WN TW^MPMSVM_PM Z]P][PM_I[INZIQLWNM`XW[QVOPMZ[MTNR][TQSM1_I[IVLPMWVTaQUM[PMLQ[KTW[MLPMZSVW_TMLOM_I[_PMV[PMTWWSML]XIUM_QPPMZNZIVSJT]MMaM[XQMZKQVOPZW]OPUM1SQ[[MLPMZWVPMZMaM-TQL[WUISMPMZTWWSI_IaPMJZ][PMLUMI[QLMIVLSQ[[MLUMJIKSPIZLMZ^MVOMIVKMIVLXZQLMJZMISQVOPMZQVWZMU-JTM[WNZI_XI[[QWVM[IZMLOWQVO[MILaINMZPI
)[NWZ)VOMTI1VW_NMT[]KPTQOPQVLQNNMZMVKMW_IZL[PMZPI1KW]TL NMMT PMMUXa[XIKM QVUaPMIZltPMWVTaPQVOPIOVI_MLIUM_I[UaQVKZML]TQaIPW_[PMKW]TLXW[[QJTaNITTQVTW^M_QP[]KPILW]KPMJIO)[QPIXXMVML1PILPMKPIVKMWI[SQ7VI_QVMZLIa1UMPQUWVPM[ZMM[IOIQVIVL1QV[QVKQ^MTaJTWKSMLPQ[_IaJWTLTa[IQVOUaY]M[QWV0M[IZMLIUM_QPW]MUWQWVUMZMTaIKSVW_TMLOQVOUaXZM[-MVKM0Q[PIVL[L]OQVWPMXWKSM[WNPQ[NILMLRMIV[sup1MKI][M[PMTW^M[UMordm0M[IQL1NITMZMLsup11I[SMLaW]cedil_Paordm0MLQLVfrac14IV[_MZUM]QV[MILPM[IQL[WUMPQVOMT[MPIKPIVOMLUM NWZM^MZ WWSUMI_Ia NZWUUaXPI[MWN TIMX]-JMZaIVLLZMIU[sup1WaW]JMTQM^MQVZ]MTW^Mordm
ltPI_QVMZ[VW_NMTT[WPMI^QTaPI[KPWWTKTW[MLNWZWVM_MMS1 [XMV PM_PWTM_MMS OWQVO W PM XIZS NMMLQVO PM L]KS[IQQVO_IQQVOTQSMIT_Ia[ZMILaWJZMISI_Ia_PIM^MZZM-UIQVQVOJIZZQMZ[ZMILaW[IZIVM_QVITTaWVZQLIaVQOP1 ZMITQbML PI_PIM^MZ 1_I[ ZaQVO WXZW^M_I[XWQVTM[[1frac14LNWZOWMV_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZ[WUM_PMZMQVJM_MMVPMMVLTM[[ZQX[I[1 ZaQVOWIM[UaJMZIaIT QVPMZ NITT WLQ[OZIKM)WVQVO1[WXXMLPQVSQVOITWOMPMZIVL_ITSMLJIKSPWUM1UQ[[MLLQVVMZ1PILVWIXXMQM
PMV[VW_]ZVMLWZIQVIVL[KPWWTZMWXMVML1NW]VLUa[MTNISQVOW]JWWSINMZJWWSNZWUPM[PMTN[ZQXXQVOQJIZM]VQT1LQ[TWLOML_PI1_I[TWWSQVONWZltPMVW_9]MMV0WTLQVOPMKWWT[TIJ1ZMUMUJMZML)VOMTII[[PMPILJMMVPMAringZ[QUM1UMPMZ[]JTQUMQVPMZOMVTMOTW_WNRWaIVL1LMIZTaPWXMLPI [PMPIL ZMUIQVML NZWbMV NWZM^MZ QVPMZ [MKT]LML_WZTLLM^WQLWNM^MZaPQVOP]UIV
|short prose| Alliju kim
31
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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9G YGTGOCTTKGF HQT VJTGG [GCTU DWV FKFPoV JCXG CP[MKFU1PGYCUFGCFDGHQTGKVYCUDQTPCPFVJGUGEQPFQPGFKGFQHEJQNGTCCHGYFC[UCHVGTKVUDKTVJ9KVJXCR-KFG[GUKEJGNNYQWNFYQPFGT CTQWPF VJGJQWUGCPFUETGCO VJCV UJG JGCTU VJG IJQUV QH JGT DCDKGU ET[KPIKPVJGQVJGTTQQO1PGPKIJV+JCFVQUVQRJGTYKVJCNNO[UVTGPIVJVQMGGRJGTHTQOUNCUJKPIJGTYTKUVYKVJCMPKHG5JGYCUIQKPIKPUCPGCPFKVYCUJQTTKDNGVQUGGJGTIQKPIVJTQWIJUWEJRCKP+VJQWIJV+oFFQCP[VJKPIVQOCMGJGT JCRR[ CICKP VJCV KU WPVKN UJG UWFFGPN[FKUCRRGCTGFNGCXKPIOGCPQVGUC[KPIVJCVUJGYCUYKVJCPQVJGTOCP
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pCPFOGQXGTVQVJGEQWTV9KNN[QWq
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p+UVJKUGPQWIJq
p9J[CTG[QWFQKPIVJKUq
p1J+oOLWUVDNQQF[VKTGFQHKVCNNq
KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
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GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
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|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
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+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
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ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
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5VWRKF
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p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
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p9JCVq
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p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
32
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Lucia Kim33
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
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73
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Between The Lines
|POETRY| JAMES SHILLABEER
I am so sorry they are disappointing It is their fault that they are heavy And dull and empty of words
They did not last long and it seems Like their efforts were expelled Without inflating
A single thought that we can hold Even when they brush against you There is no way to tell
That they were there Numb uniformity does not answer A single question for us
Or provide an order with which to make our turn betterAnd the imprint they leave
is so unshapely Yet as they are drawn along to God Knows where
I swear the dead hand Drags beyond its weight and Anchors if only for a second
A suggestionthat we mustcare
34
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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KICTGVVGUOQMGFKUUKRCVGFKPVJGCKT
CPF[QWQXGTVQVJGEQWTVQWFQPoVJCXGCTKIJVVQDGJCPIGFQWUJQWNFUWHHGTFC[UCPFPKIJVUYKVJIWKNVUWHHQECVKPI[QWTVJTQCV
QYGXGT+FKFPoVUJQYO[TCIGCVCNN+PUVGCF+TGCEJGFHQTO[RQEMGVCPFRWNNGFQWVCPQVJGTEKICT
pQWJCXGƂTGq
G VJTGYOGCOCVEJ$TGCVJKPIFGGRN[ KPVQPGYN[ NKVEKICT+URQMGUNQYN[
p+oOUQTT[DWV[QWoTGPQVVJGQPN[RGTUQPKPVJKUUVTGGVVJCVKUDQTGFPQYq
GTGRNKGFYKVJCNCWIJ
p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Boeun Choo
35
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p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
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p9JCVCTG[QWVCNMKPICDQWVQWUJQWNFECVEJOGTKIJVPQYQWTLQDKUVQVCMGOGVQVJGEQWTVCPFJCPIOGCVFCYP6JCVKUYJCV[QWYCPVKUPoVKVq
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTUOQMGCPFUOKNGF
p9GNN+oODQTGFVQQq
GNCWIJGFQWVNQWF6JGMKNNGTYKRGFJKUHCEGYKVJJKU
|short story| Eun yuep Kim
Vestige
36
ƂPIGTUYJKEJNGHVCUVTGCMQHDNQQFQPJKUEJGGMU
p1JDWV[QWoNNEJCPIG[QWTOKPFYJGP[QWUGGYJGTGVJCVCFFTGUUVCMGU[QWq
+ICXGVJGRCRGTCEWTUQT[INCPEG
p9J[q
p1J+MPQY[QWYGNNKPXGUVKICVQT+MPQY[QWoTGUGCTEJ-KPIHQT[QWTYKHGCPF+MPQYYJGTGUJGKUq
ampQPoVMKFYKVJOGHGNNC
+DTGCVJGFKPCPQVJGTEKICT
6JCVFQGUPoVOGCPCP[VJKPIVQOGPQY
6JGEKICTVTGODNGFUNKIJVN[DGVYGGPO[ƂPIGTU
pQWVJKPM +YQWNFPoVMPQYVJGUEJGOGUDCUVCTFU NKMG[QWWUGCICKPUVVJGRQNKEGq
5VWRKF
+NQQMGFCVVJGEQTRUGDGJKPFJKOVJGDNQQFYCUUVKNNNGCMKPIHTQOVJGJGCTV
p6JKUKUVJGVTWVJUKT+oOVJGOCPYJQNWTGF[QWTYKHGKPVQO[CTOU +V KUOGYJQUJGNQXGUPQYGU KVYCURCTV QH C ICOGYQPFGTHWN ICOG + MPGY [QW NQXG[QWTYKHGOQTGVJCPCP[VJKPI$WV KVYKNNDG[QWT NQXGYJQYKNNOQWTP QXGTO[ FGCVJ PQY 5JGoNN ENWVEJO[EQTRUGCPFET[KPCIQP[YJGP+oOJCPIGFD[[QWTQYPJCPFU9JGVJGT+FKGQTPQV+YKNNYKPVJKUICOGQWNQUVq
6JGUOKNGDTGCEJGFYKFGN[CETQUUJKUHCEG+HQTEGFQWVC NCWIJ LWUV VQ TGUVTCKPO[UGNH HTQOMKNNKPIJKOCV VJGURQVGNQQMGFCVOGJKUG[GUHWNNQHRKV[CPFFGTKUKQP
p+ NQXGFJGT[GU +VTKGFVQƂPFJGT[GUDWVVJGTGoUPQPGGFHQTVJKUCFFTGUUUQTT[q
QPHWUKQPFKUVQTVGFJKUUOKNG
p$GECWUG +oO NQQMKPICVJGT TKIJVPQYUQPQWYGTGVQQFTGPEJGFKPFTWIUVQMPQYVJCVYGTGPoV[QW6JGYQOCP[QWLWUVUNCWIJVGTGFYCUO[YKHGO[NQXGO[CNNCPFPQYIQPGq
p9JCVq
KUXQKEGHGNNTQWEJKPIPGZVVQJGTJGNQQMGFCVVJGHCEGQHVJGEQTRUG0QYKVYCUOGYJQYCUNCWIJKPI
QWNQUV
+VJTGYVJGDWTPVEKICTVQVJGITQWPFCPFUVCORGFQPKV
p9CUKV[QWTRNCPVQEQCZOGKPVQVJKUUVTGGVYJKNG+YCUWPFGT VJG KPƃWGPEG QH FTWIU QW MPGYKEJGNN YCUJGTG QW EQWNFoXG UVQRRGF OG QW EQWNFoXG UCXGF[QWTYKHGQWNQXGFJGTQWNQXGFJGTeeq
GU+NQXGFJGTXGPPQY+NQXGJGTYKVJCNNO[JGCTV
HVGTHGYOKPWVGUQHFCORUKNGPEGJGOWTOWTGF
p+NQUVq
GTUETGCODGIIKPIHQTOGTE[TCPIVJTQWIJO[GCTU
9J[FKF[QWNQXGVJKUOCPKPVJGƂTUVRNCEGKEJGNNampQ[QWNQXGJKOPQY
+YCNMGFQWVQHVJGUEGPGO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJEKICTCUJGUCPFDNQQF
$GJKPFOGVJGTGYCUCDNCUVQHIWPƂTG+FKFPoVJCXGVQNQQMDCEMVQUGGYJCVJCFJCRRGPGF
pQTGECUGUq
+QPN[NQQMGFCVO[UJQGUUVCKPGFYKVJKEJGNNoUDNQQF+YKUJGFVJGDNQQFEQWNFDGENGCPGFGCUKN[+NKMGVJGUGUJQGUPFGXGT[VJKPI+YQTGKV+JCFCUQWTCETKFVCUVGKPO[OQWVJVJGVCUVGQHDNQQF6JGCUUKUVCPVJCPFGFOGPWOGTQWUƂNGUVJCVEQPVCKPGFTGEGPVWPUQNXGFETKOGU+NQQMGFVJTQWIJVJGƂNGUGCEJQPGNCDGNGFnOWTFGToQTnNCTEGP[oQTnOKUCRRTQRTKCVKQPoQTnCTUQPoCPFUQQP
pG[q+ECNNGFVQO[CUUKUVCPV
pGUUKTq
p6JGUGECUGUq
pGUUKT5QOCP[JQTTKDNGECUGUCTGPoVVJG[q
p+oODQTGFq
37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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73
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Between The Lines
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37
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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Details and job descriptions available
in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
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fied out by 20th January 2012 to
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
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GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
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|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
While you stared at your fingers
I blew to the androgynous abyss
The end of the spectrum
The unprickable false line
The horizon
Go on I say take a drop of sky
Hold it in your hand
Smear it between your fingers
Watch it disappear
Blue
And
You prick your finger again
And
You say Let us not go there
And
Deny life its color
And
The Non-Existence of Blue|poetry| Megan Smith
Prick your finger I say
And you do with the fine point of a needle
Until a single drop of blood emerges
Like life in spring
And then you stare closely
You rub the color thin
between index and thumb
It smears and it remains
Red
Now prick the sky I say
You reply I am full of imagery
And metaphors
And nonsense
Sky and
Water Red
and Blue
And is nothingness
38
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
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Between The Lines
|art| Junha Hwang
39
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
40
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|photogra-phy| Jen-nifer Park
Blooming|poetry| Chloe Kim
Looking down upon others Distance already distant Stars no longer embedded in my eyes 7VTaPMOZQU[SaTQVMAringTT[QVWBottles of tears Dry parched stains in harmony With red blots drawn over my wrist
Cold callous winds dance )TWVO_QPPIQZOWVMAEligIltPMUMZZa[XQZQ[WNJZMMbM[AEligaWNN
Standing alone on top of the very bridge Hundreds died those who are myself Understanding my destiny That I shall have to move on Into a different life Full of heaven
Breathing in last glups An end to doom Stepping out for the spirits to catch Hearing the lonely ghosts eager for company Howling screaming to take my hand
Hear cheers of joy ltPMAringZ[WVM[PI_IZUUaPMIZFierce gales of life getting fainter
The fall into the waters Falling into the arms of the river 1JMKWUM[IJMI]QN]TAEligW_MZSplashing its pollen Blooming to meet me
|photography| Jennifer Park 41
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
The Beautiful Toilet Translation as a poetic practice
T S Eliot in his literary essay ldquoThe Music of Poetryrdquo (1942) writes ldquoI believe that any language so long as it is the same language imposes its laws and restrictions and permits its own license dictates its own speech rhythms and sound patternsrdquo 7KHXQLTXHZDVLQZKLFKDODQJXDJHLVVWUXFWXUHGSRVHGLIiquestFXOWLHVLQWUDQVODWLQJOLW-erary works Especially when translating poetry a genre with heavy usage of rhythm and sounds translation almost seems like a futile maneuver that fails to do neither the source language nor the receiver language justice
For a long time the purpose method and ethics of literary translation have been much disputed Translated literary works were often considered not as ldquoliteraturerdquo of its own sovereign literary value but rather as a murky informative window to different cultures Translating literature seemed forever an incomplete and imperfect practice However Ezra Pound (1885-1972) solved this quandary by applying a different func-tion to translating literature
Donald Hall in Remembering Poets (1979) declares that ldquoEzra Pound is a poet who a thousand times more than any other man has made modern poetry possible in Englishrdquo Ezra Pound is said to have ldquorevitalizedrdquo literature in the 20th Century As T S Eliot proposes that ldquoforms have to be broken and remaderdquo and one must ldquorevolt against dead formrdquo in ldquo preparation for new form or for the renewal of the oldrdquo It was in this quest for a new style that Pound found the purpose in translating poetry especially in translating Oriental poetry
8QOLNHRWKHU WUDQVODWLRQVSULRU WRKLV WLPHZKLFKVRXJKW WRiquestQG(QJOLVKHTXLYDOHQWRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVDQGDWWHPSWHGWRFDUUWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHSRHPWKDWiquestWWHGLQWREnglish conventions Pound valued the form and structure of oriental language and believed that it was also possible to translate these intricacies characteristic fea-tures of Chinese and Japanese regarding word order repetition rhyme etc In other words Pound considered translation as another process of creation and believed that it possessed a sovereign artistic value that was intrinsic to the translation itself In fact it must be noted that he did not know Chinese or Japanese languages him-self So his translation was done by referring to the notes of a Japanese scholar Ernest Fenollosa These circumstances may have facilitated his method of translat-ing poetry with an emphasis on the exploring and experimenting with the oriental lsquoformrsquo rather than its lsquomeaningrsquo
It was while translating the Asian poetry he gave birth to a movement ldquoImagismrdquo Imagism favored clarity and sharpness of imagery and succinct and economical use of language Asian poetry forms such as Japanese Haiku inspired Pound to break free from rhetorics discursiveness and abstractions that prevailed in Romanticism prior to his time Pound published extensive collections of translated oriental poetry in his anthologies Cathay(1915) and Lustra(1916)
Here is one of the better known poems from Cathay Poundrsquos anthology of Chinese poems
The Beautiful Toilet
Blue blue is the grass about the river$QGWKHZLOORZVKDYHRYHUAgraveOOHGWKHFORVHJDUGHQ
And within the mistress in the midmost of her youthKLWHZKLWHRIIDFHKHVLWDWHVSDVVLQJWKHGRRU
6OHQGHUVKHSXWVIRUWKDVOHQGHUKDQG
$QGVKHZDVDFRXUWH]DQLQWKHROGGDVAnd she has married a sot
Who now goes drunkenly out$QGOHDYHVKHUWRRPXFKDORQH
The strikingly simple image is created by the word ldquobluerdquo The choice of the word sup3EOXHacuteLQWKHiquestUVWOLQHLVH[SODLQHGEWKHYHUiquestUVWWHUPRIPDJLVW0DQLIHVWRsup37RXVHthe language of common speech but to employ the exact word not the nearly-exact nor the merely decorative wordrdquo Blue is a ldquocommon speechrdquo in that everyone can understand and associate with the term ldquobluerdquo At the same time ldquobluerdquo is also an ldquoexact wordrdquo because even though each reader may be thinking of blue of differ-HQWVKDGHVDQGWH[WXUHsup3EOXHacuteIRUHDFKUHDGHULVVSHFLiquestFDQGFRQVLVWHQW7KXVWKHZRUGsup3EOXHacuteLVsup3LPDJLVWacuteLQWKDWLWLVERWKJHQHUDODQGVSHFLiquestFLWSURYLGHVDFRPPRQground in which the readers can sympathize with each other and the poet while EHLQJDOVRVSHFLiquestFLQWKDWLWFRQMXUHVXSVSHFLiquestFLPDJHVWKDWDUHUHQGHUHGEHDFKRIthe readerrsquos personal and unique experiences
In Poundrsquos opinion images in poetry were not to deliver the poetrsquos ideas directly to the readers but rather lsquoto resonatersquo with them They were triggers that conjured up the readerrsquos personal and unique responses However the images had to be cre-ated through lsquocommonrsquo and lsquoexactrsquo words in order to provide an effective stimulus for the readers Therefore an image for Pound was of paradoxical nature it was born out of the common human sentiments and thought processes shared by the humanity but it resulted in onersquos employment of and insight into onersquos individuality
Pound perhaps understood translation in the same way Translation was the lsquopoemrsquo between two languages rather than two individuals No matter how different the languages and the cultures that set itrsquos bases were there was also a set common rules structures and expressions shared by two languages which is brought to the surface through translation For Pound translation itself was a poetic action which gave birth to another unique art that responded to the original literature in its own cultural sense whilst not failing to resonate within the shared strings of sentiments across the whole humanity
Here Between The Lines presents a poem translated from Korean to English
42
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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JEJU
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|translation| yunha hwang jillian chun
Something cold and sadAacuteXWWHUVRQWKHJODVVHeatlessly standing by IOHWRXWDKD]EUHDWKWKDWVHWWOHVAacuteDSSLQJLWVIURVWHGZLQJVUXEDQGORRNUXEDQGORRNWKHQLJKWFKDUFRDOEODFNHEEVEDFNZDUGVHEEVIRUZDUGVDQGFUDVKHVDQGDVRGGHQVWDUEOLQNVHPEHGVOLNHDJHPLSLQJWKHJODVVDORQHmid-night isDORQHOHQFKDQWLQJPRRGZLWKRXUWHQGHUOXQJYHLQWRUQ$KRXAacuteHZDZDOLNHDPRXQWDLQELUG
The Glass Window 1 By Ji-yong Jeong (b 1903)
|translation| Yunha Hwang Jillian Chun
|photography| Jennifer Park 43
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
big photog-raphy
ASPRINGFANTASY
INAWINTERNIGHT44
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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JEJU
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
big photog-raphy
A CONVERSATIONWITH
PHOTOGRAPHER
CHAEJONGYEOR
45
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
ldquoWhat got you to take photographs of window frostrdquo
ldquoOne morning in a cold winter day I was taking photographs of frost when the splendid window frost RQWKHZLQGRZVRIDAgraveRZHUJDUGHQFDXJKWPHH$QGEHIRUHNQHZLWZDVFOLFNLQJWKHFDPHUDOLNHcrazyrdquo
ldquoIn addition to the main title ldquoA spring Fantasy in a winter nightrdquo you have given this photo exhibition a subtitle ldquoThe Most Beautiful and Happiest Moment in Liferdquo What was your intention behind choosing this subtitlerdquo
sup3IHHOWKDWWKHIRUPDWLRQDQGH[WLQFWLRQRIZLQGRZIURVWUHVHPEOHVPOLIH7KHPRPHQWWKDWZLQGRZIURVWsup3EORRPVacuteLVWKHsup3PRVWEHDXWLIXODQGKDSSLHVWPRPHQWacuteEHFDXVHZLQGRZIURVWLVWKHIUXLWWKHAgraveRZHURISDVVLRQDWHVSLULWWKDWHQGXUHVWKURXJKWKHKDUVKFROGRIWKHZLQWHUFDXJKWXSLQVLGHWKHAgraveRZHUJDUGHQ7KLVEHDXWLIXOPRPHQWKRZHYHUYDQLVKHVLQWRWKLQDLUDVWKHPRUQLQJVXQEHJLQVWRVKLQHLQWKLVHSKHPHUDOOLIHRIZLQGRZIURVWVHHERWKWKHEHDXWDQGWKHVRUURZRIKXPDQOLIHacute
ldquoIt was impressive how you exhibited poetry in line with your photography in your gallery and exhibition Also I have heard that you keep a diary for your artistic inspirations and ideas as a photographer what do other media of art literature and poetry mean to yourdquo
sup3EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHDUHQRERXQGDULHVLQDUWVHHNWRZLGHQWKHVFRSHRIPDUWZRUNEFURVVLQJWKHERUGHUVRIGLIIHUHQWJHQUHVsup2SKRWRJUDSKDQGiquestQHDUWSRHWUSHUIRUPLQJDUWVDQGPXFKPRUHIHHOWKHVHDUWLVWLFSUDFWLFHVWKDWLQYROYHPRUHWKDQRQHJHQUHRIDUWVH[SDQGWKHFUHDWLYHH[SUHVVLRQDQGDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRJUHDWHUVDWLVIDFWLRQRIWKHDXGLHQFHacute
an interview
46
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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73
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Between The Lines
GTI[[aAEligW_MZ[1[[MITPaXZM[MVKMQVPMXZM^QW][VQOPTMNJM-hind lots of tales and abstract images Only nature can create without any tools such beautiful and fantastic metaphysical crystals I am mesmerized by the stunningly mysterious realm that puts me in awe that their formation is made by chance
I have found my life and our lives in things that are destined to bloom and then vanish It is the thrill and euphoria that have guid-ed me to spend time agonizingly in weaving inner tales that are void visible or invisible
I start at dawn to express the world that comes and goes and its tie to my everyday life Since I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed UMIVQVOWN TQNMQVM^MZaZQ^QITPQVO_PQKP]ZOM[UMWZMAEligMKWVwho I am It is when I am photographing that I discover myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with time I have come to realize that the same object can be seen so differently whether it is seen by an onlooker or an investigator and that it is possible to grasp and sense truth I still have a long way to go to be able to express the beauty of time and the mystery of a moment more objectively
I hope to talk about beauty through nonverbal means and to come up with my own language so that I can properly express such in-describable things like geometric forms and command metaphors 8PWWOZIXPaQ[ILQNAringK]TTIVO]IOMQVPIQKPIVOM[LMXMVLQVOWVits makersrsquo thoughts and sentiments and so I am dwelling on how to become an earnest photographerI believe that the key to becoming a better photographer lies not in age and experience but in understanding and loving people and VI]ZM1AringVLIUMIXPWZQKITTQVSJM_MMVNZW[IVLW]ZTQNMQVPIthe beautiful crystals formed only to melt quicklyhellipthis is similar to the way our life goes The natural phenomenon seems to point out that beauty isnrsquot permanent and so are our livesSome of my works deal with individual objects but I also make
works that are initially based on generality and then reduced to abstract Science and maths can express beauty but they are too limited to visualize all natural laws I think nonverbal vision can break boundary between humanism and realism and can represent anything Photography allows me to use such tool and it gives me me joy and happiness
1AringVLUMIVQVOQVPQVO[TQSMNZW[PI[MKZMTaJTWWU[IAEligW_MZQVthe middle of night melts brilliantly with sunrise and then is rein-carnated as water I am deeply attached to the frost as it lives fully []KPI [PWZ TQNM_QP[IVLQVO NZMMbQVO MUXMZI]ZM QVIKWVAringVML[XIKMIVLXI[[QWVIMTaUISQVOQKMAEligW_MZ[WJMUMTMLJaPM[]VThere are times that I canrsquot get by days in chaotic reality but I hold on to the hope that there will be time for me to have the brilliant moment like frost in the middle of winter Thatrsquos why I may be at-tracted to frost to begin with through which I can express my mind and relieve my burden
Photography awakes my thoughts and lets me express whatrsquos in UaUQVL IVL AringVLUMIVQVO QV M^MZaLIa WJRMK[ 1 ITTW_[UM Wexperiment and challenge things making something new out of the invisible Isnrsquot this a true learning and philosophy And also pho-tography allows me to see whatrsquos been taken for granted in a fresh and diverse perspectives to have empathy and to enrich my arid sentiment Many photographers would agree with me that photog-raphy indeed does all of this
I think I am ready to show my works about moments I thank for PQVO[PIPI^MPMTXMLUMWAringVLUaQLMVQaUWQ^IMLUMIVLgiven me meaning I am convinced that photography makes me love myself and be happy
I cannot thank my family enough they have supported my career as a photographer and I wish to thank them back by promising to JMKWUMIOZMIXPWWOZIXPMZ_PW[MUQVLQ[AringTTML_QPU][QKIVLbeautiful visual language
ldquoAs a photographer you capture the elusive beauty of moments and elevate it into an art form What advice would you give to young artists who also aspire to do sordquo
sup37KHVXEMHFWPDWWHURIZLQGRZIURVWLVDYHUIUDJLOHRQHLWRQODSSHDUVLQWKHKDUVKZLQWHUZKHQWKHWHPSHUDWXUHIDOOVEHORZampDQGGLVDSSHDUVZLWKRXWDWUDFHXQGHUVXQOLJKWZRXOGVDWKDWRXPXVWKDYHDNLQGRISDVVLRQDWHLQWHQVLWltRXKDYHWRKDYHFRQVWDQWWKRXJKWVDQGFRPHXSZLWKQHZVNLOOVDERXWHIIHFWLYHSKRWRJUDSKIWKHUHparaVRQHKDELWJRWIURPSKRWRJUDSKLWparaVWKDWEHJDQWRQRWLFHWKHVPDOOHVWGHWDLOVJLYHPHDQLQJVWRWKHPDQGUHAgraveHFWEDFNRQPOLIHFRQVWDQWOacute
ldquoThe theme of this issue of Between the Lines is ldquobluerdquo and your use of blue backgrounds in your photographs at-tracted my attention What does the color blue mean to yourdquo
sup32KWKHEOXHRXVHHRQPSKRWRJUDSKVZHUHQparaWLQWHQWLRQDO6RPHWLPHVLWparaVWKHKXHLQWKHDLURXJHWZKHQRXWDNHSLFWXUHVDWGDZQQWKHVHZRUNVWKHFRORUEOXHZRUNVWRPDNHWKHZLQGRZIURVWDSSHDUOLNHUDZGURSVRIVDSSKLUHacute
A Spring Fantasy in a Winter Night
Jong-yeor Chae
1975~1999 Worked as an administrator in Seoul City1999 Completion of Photography Course Citizensrsquo College University of Seoul2000 Portrait Photography Program KAPA Photo Academy Seoul2012 Photography Instructor Goyang City Academy for Citizens Goyang City Vice-President Korean Digital Artistsrsquo Association2007 New Art Grand Exhibition
Photography and Painting Corea International Art Festival
Special Exhibition the 4th Tashkent International Biennale Tashkent Germany 0 Korean Photographers Jilin China Invitational2006 Asia-Seoul International Arts Expo of 7 Nations Invitational
Chae Jong-yeorGoyang City Ilsan Seo Gu Tanhyun Dong 1485 Jinro Apt 101-502
Tel 031-813-4559 CP 010-8740-4779 47
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
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Between The Lines
Remnant and Vestige of Transferred Life
|Kyung-ryul Lee Photography Theorist|
The dictionary definition of an image indicates a reflection in the mirror or water which means that an image is not created but refers to the existing or man-made object reflected in a two-dimensional surface From image-makersrsquo standpoint there ex-ists three types of images First therersquos a type of an image that shows the actual which is called the image of likeness in semi-otic terms Another type is an image pointing to the actual but demanding an interpretation This type is the symbol-image which is rhetorically a metaphor The third type is a metaphysi-cal image that oers only the trace of the actual and demands no interpretation This kind is the index-image which is called a metonymy in rhetoric terms
Metonymic images in particular are highly subjective and are defined as psychologically transferred images A candle flame can become a flower bud a nipple or a mountaintop in onersquos dream the images related to onersquos repressed desire Psycho-logical transference indicates the behavior that attempts to sub-stitute mental burden with other things
Transference also includes the behavioral pattern of replacing aggressiveness or aims with other objects For instance when a cock is separated from the other cock during a cockfight it keeps on pecking at things around Likewise a person who breaks up a fight is oen attacked by the impassioned brawlers When a baby is interrupted from breastfeeding it sucks its fin-ger instead People seek subconsciously substitutes to release their tension
In the same way whatrsquos shown in an artwork can be analyzed in conjunction with its makerrsquos subconsciousness An artwork
thus is a kind of transferred object and photography in par-ticular has a strong tie to transference In this context a pho-tographic image reflects its makerrsquos own experience or substi-tutes the actual since photography that can only record existing things is indexical by its nature
The frosty windows in the photographs of Jong-yeor Chae sug-gest artistic transference His colorful photographs are reminis-cent of a microscopic world of cells seen through a microscope the mysterious big bang of the universe a maze a fantastic scene by fresh dew drops and a blown-up fungus displaying a panoramic eect and dreamy pattern
In his work monotonous everyday life is enlivened with surprises The ordinary mundane scenes and objects like the window re-flecting the sunset spraying light at dawn orange street lights water-drops on a steam-filled bathroom mirror and steamy grains of boiled rice grab our attention and carry us to the world of memory and illusion
The window frost in one winter day is something familiar to most of us However his work has something more than meets the eye It shows a decisive moment of a fantasy that originates from the artistrsquos mind It is not the external fancy technically sleek surface but the hidden message that indicates that his work is about self-reflection and projection of his life
So the artist confesses ldquoSince I took up photography I have tried not to overlook anything and my photographic vision has probed meaning of life in every trivial thing which urges me to reflect on who I am It is when I am photographing that I discov-er myself and feel happy while doing my best in communicating with timerdquo Thus his work becomes a covert index to a piece of his own life and a substitute for his subconscious implying that artistrsquos subconscious memories are transferred to his work
His work however doesnrsquot linger on his personal life that he might grumble over It is neither a cut-o decisive moment that doesnrsquot come around to communicate nor a record of ac-cumulated time Strangely enough his work echoes whatrsquos in our memory and becomes our own experience and the scenes transcend specific places or situations His work stimulates our imagination like an incantation of a bard or an emotional ripple and thus is understood as the sign-stimulus
The testimony of an illusion transferred to window frost oers us an open space for memory which means that as the specific situation instantly reverts to our own experience its scene testi-fies the remembrance of our memory and becomes metaphysi-cal transference restructuring our imagination The feast of the frost images evokes a familiar place along with the faces associ-ated with it and the faces are overlapped with unfathomable desires His work can be read as the artistrsquos soliloquy but it also resonates with our lives In his case an image becomes a lyric of signs revealed along with emotional resonance
48
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
LQRDRXQJPDQiquestOOHGZLWKGLVFRQWHQWDERXWWKHPR-QRWRQRXV LQMXVWLFH RI KLV SRYHUWVWULFNHQ OLIH LV VXG-GHQOVWUXFNZLWK WKHJUHDW OXFNRIiquestQGLQJsup3WKHSHDUORIWKHZRUOGacuteDSHDUOOLNHQRRWKHUsup2DQGLQLWVVKLQLQJOXPL-QDQFHKHiquestQGVGUHDPVWKDWKHSXUVXHVDUGHQWOplusmnHYHQDWWKHSULFHRIKLVOLIHDQGKLVORYHGRQHV0DQSHRSOHRQFXUVRUUHDGLQJDVVHVVWKHSHDUOSHUVHDVWKHHYLO6WHLQEHFNVKDSHGWKHWKRXJKWVDQGZRUGVRIKLVZLVHVWFKDUDFWHUV-XDQD WKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVZLIHDQG-XDQ7RPDVWKHSURWDJRQLVWparaVEURWKHUVRWKDWWKHYRLFHGDJURZLQJ IHDURI WKHSHDUO DV WKHHYLOampRQVH-TXHQWO UHDGHUVDUH OHG WR IHHODVRUURZIXO UHOLHIZKHQLQRWKURZVWKHSHDUODZDXWDGHHSHUOHYHORIUHDG-LQJSRLQWVWRZDUGDGLIIHUHQWGLUHFWLRQ7KHERRNWDNHVRQDPRUHFRPSOH[VKDGHWKDWPDNHVWKHHQGLQJSHUKDSVHYHQGDUNHUDQGELWWHUHUWKHSHDUOLWVHOIZDVQRWWKHURRWRIWKHSUREOHP
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Boeun Choo
49
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
everyonersquos glass
50
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
everyonersquos glass
|art| Boeun Choo
51
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|non-fiction|Maylene You
ltPQ[Q[XZM[]UIJTaPMUW[IKK]ZIMLMAring-nition of the colour blue that the modern technology ITTW_[ltPM^Q[]IT[IMWNJMQVOKWUXTMMTaLMAringKQMVof red and yellow How far have we progressed since PMKWTWZPMWZaXZQVKQXTM[AringZ[IXXMIZMLQVPMVWM-books of Leonardo da Vinci in 1490 None The three primary colours red yellow and blue are still wor-shipped by painters and somewhat unconsciously by non-artsy people as well as they casually address plain black as lsquoboringrsquo Look guys even black or letrsquos say- lsquothe most horrendous and dull colour yet exist-ingrsquo cannot be obtained without this divine trio
Noneof the combination between existing colours can produce these three colours- it is as if they slipped into existence before all MT[MltPQ[TM[PMULMAringVMPMU[MT^M[JT]MQ[JT]MZMLQ[ZMLIVLaMTTW_Q[aMTTW_7ZJT]MQ[IKWTW]ZPILWM[VWQVKT]LMIVaXQO-ment of red or yellow and vice versa But without resorting to an expedient what should the colour of blue exemplify
The ancient East Asian philosophy had a clear distinction between the sky and the earth lsquoSky-nessrsquo included divinity fate luck M`ZILQUMV[QWVJMQVOUITMIVLPMKWTW]ZWNJT]M1VKWVZI[PMMIZP[QOVQAringMLTQNMP]UIVU]VLIVMINNIQZ[_WUMVIVLUW[arguablymdashredness Redness may be in relation of vitality especially of a female In traditional Chinese weddings the whole banquet hall would be covered with red- the bride wears a bright red dress that covers up to her head like Burka and the walls would be decorated with red fabrics Red was considered as a symbol of fertility and life and this psychology may have developed from the fact that blood of a living person is red
Blue is often used to illustrate something that is not inhuman or dead A dead corpse has a blue-purple shade after the blood has all drained out This dead person no longer belongs to where living people live the red earth We can often [MMPIUIVa[WIXWXMZI[IVLAringTU[][MJT]MKWTWZI[Q[JIKSOZW]VLKWTW]Zwhen an extra-territorial creature or a ghost appears These alien creatures are also quite frequently colored blue
psychology of blue
)VITQMVKZMI]ZMNZWUPMltgt[MZQM[WKWZ0752
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
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fied out by 20th January 2012 to
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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JEJU
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
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Between The Lines
Blue also suggests superiority and possibility In contrast to the red earth that we are standing on the ocean and the sky were once a realm that humans could not enter sky was left to remain as the lsquoGodly spacersquo and although the ocean was conquered much earlier it was still KWV[QLMZMLI[ILIVOMZW][XTIKMMNWZMIQZKZIN[IVLIL^IVKML[PQX[_MZMLM^MTWXMLPM[M_W]VZMIKPIJTMZMOQWV[_MZM[IVKQAringML1VPMWUIVUaPPMZMIZMPZMMUIQVLQUMV[QWV[PIZ]V[PM_WZTLPM[Sa_I[ZMOIZLMLI[raquoPMI^MVfrac14_PMZMBM][Z]TM[PMMI_QP8W[MQLWVand the Underworld owned by Hades but there is no lsquomajorrsquo God or Goddess that represents the earth- yes Gaia maybe but she became KWUXTMMTa]VVWQKMLINMZBM][MUMZOMLltPQ[KIVJMQVMZXZMMLI[ILMW]ZUILMJaP]UIVJMQVO[I[IXIZWNIVMNNWZWLMVaPMQZimpotence Both the sky and the ocean are blue and this funny coincidence would have added even more fuel to the belief that lsquoBlue is holyrsquo- Virgin Mary is depicted in a blue robe consistently for two millenniums The proverb lsquoAim for the skyrsquo would have been a huge blasphemy in PMXI[AMPMP]UIVZIKMPI^MZMIKPMLPM6M_WZTLJaKZW[[QVOPMJT]M)TIVQK7KMIVIVLIT[WIIQVMLWZMIKPPM[XIKMK]QVOPZW]OPPMJT]M[Sa)ZM_MLM[QOVMLWLM[QZMM^QT7ZLW_M[QUXTaKITT_PI_MLWVWPI^MI[M^QT
ltPQ[XIQVQVOJaA^M[3TMQVQ[middot1PWXMM^MZaWVMIOZMM[^MZaJT]M7VMUIaIMUXWIXXZWIKPPQ[XQMKM_QPPQ[^MZaraquoWZQOQVITfrac14PW]OP[QVIJ]ZVQVOLM[QZMWOMPQU[MTNZMI[[]ZMLJ]3TMQVQVMVLMLWM`XZM[[QUUIMZQITQaIVLPMraquoQVAringVQM_WZTLJMaWVLZMITQafrac14PZW]OPX]ZMJT]MKWTWZ1VWPMZ_WZL[PM[MVWQWV[JMTWVOWPMX[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MVW3TMQV3TMQVUMZMTaXIQVMLPMKWTW]ZA^M[3TMQVWJIQVMLthe patent for the colour he used for this painting claiming that the colour itself has an immaterialist characteristic that helps the audiences WNMMTPMM`ZILQUMV[QWVITZMITQa]ZMITTaPMXIMVJMTWVO[W_PWUM^MZPIAringZ[ZMITQbMLPQU[MTNI[IXIPMQK[UITTUIVPIKZI^M[for a trip to space
8MZPIX[PMM`Q[MVKMWNJT]MKWTW]ZQ[UMZMTaIVIKKQLMVLWVMJaWL_PQKPUMIV[PMZMQ[VWVMMLWN][[IJW]PMPWTQVM[[WNPQ[KWTW]ZThe primary colour could have been anything The meaning of these colours is simple- they are the most fundamental of all other colours It [MMU[PI_PMVQKWUM[W[WUMPQVO]VWJIQVIJTMPMX[aKPWTWOaWNP]UIVLM[QZM[QIVLMQPMZLMQAringM[QWZLMUWVQbM[Q7VUIVaPQ[-torical occasions the authority banned the venture of exploring the unknown by censoring texts and arts by branding it as a lsquowork of Satanrsquo WZ[WUMPQVOITWVOPITQVM0W_M^MZVW]VQTQ_I[N]TTaZM^MITMLLQLPMUI[SWNWLMUWVQ[ZMITQbMLWJMNISM8[aKPWTWOaWNJT]MPMZMNWZMZMUIQV[I[PMTW^MNWZM`ZIP]UIVWUVQXWMVKM_PQKPQ[XIZTaZM[WT^MLJMKI][M_MVW_KIV[MXWVPM[MKWVL[XIKMQNAringVIVKMallows So Hail Armstrong
$5WVWKPZWUM 13amp A^M[3TMQV 8]ZM XQOUMV[and synthetic resin Museum of modern art of Saint-Etienne Metropole Collection Inv 738 1
53
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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73
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Between The Lines
|movie review| Chan Choi
ldquoThe following feature is a silent film there are no dialoguesrdquo
The statement given to us at the premiere of the director Michel Hazanaviciusrsquos the Artist was quite a shock Of course since the last yearrsquos Cannes Film Festival the moviegoers had heard of this well-received silent film through its viral marketingSo much unfamiliarity surrounds this film the movie being black-and-white with no sound is not only peculiar and unusual but also questionable considering the recent 3D boom I have to admit that I expected an overly dramatized film specialized for the purpose of winning awards (the so-called ldquoOscar Buzz Filmrdquo) but instead I found it to be a daring crowd pleaser- like a well blended outcome of the films ldquoSinginrsquo in the Rainrdquo and ldquoA Star is Bornrdquo
I recall suggesting a film called lsquoDriversquo now well known to the mainstream audience to a friend describing it as ldquothe best film of the yearrdquo He replied ldquoI think Irsquom going to passrdquo Of course that was the very reaction I expected after all we do hope to come across films that are en-tertaining not a boring art-house flick But The Artist is different from most of the artistic critically acclaimed films There are no exaggerations it has more heart and sincerity than any feature films with a budget over 200 million It has an appeal that lies within the performance overwhelming the audience with delight up to the final credits
Nothing can go back in time And for that reason The Artist really is a witty film using the reverse psychological strategy of filming in classic Hollywood style instead of the money- grab-bing 3D The mix of black-and-white scenery with 21st centuryrsquos high-quality sound system is pleasing to all senses Interestingly the actor Jean Dujardin plays George Valentin a silent movie superstar The advent of the talkies will sound the death knell for his career and see him fall into oblivion For young dancer Peppy Miller (Berenice Bejo) it seems the sky is the limit as she rises into major movie stardom As a silent film star falls a talkie star is born And the magical encounter of these two gives us an odd analogy as we reflect on the modern theatre where 3D is taking over everywhere
I am a great fan of black and white films that give impressions of a vivid dream Seeing a silent film and actually enjoying it is a rare occurrence these days It seems that as always it is a matter of tasteSome could easily say that letting Durjardin an actor with a beautiful voice (as can be noted in previous film OSS 117) act silently is a waste of a great talent It is true that The Artist is in black-and-white without any dialogues Yet despite such measures (or perhaps precisely because of them) it was without a doubt one of 2011rsquos most accomplished film But putting some of those thoughts aside with the filmrsquos central plot about the inevitable emergence of sound films in 1920s the film brings out a bigger issue Is there such thing as a past or a future in films Well the answer seems to be quite simple A film does not change Twenty years ago Spielberg made the black-and-white Schindlerrsquos List amidst the blockbuster era and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Film 18 years later another work came out in the middle of the 3D buzz and won that very same award Although there are patterns and trends the audience embraces the changes in the film industry- each year adding an enthralling new chapter to it And perhaps itrsquos immortal spirit hidden behind the guise of caprice is what allows the world to be in love with it for the past 100 years- an unchanging appeal that stands equal to that of
music and literature
The ArtistrsquoCastJean DujardinBeacutereacutenice BejoPenelope Anne MillerJames CromwellJohn GoodmanMissi Pyle
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius
Running time 140
walk of homage towards the past
54
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Hanna Lee
walk of homage towards the past
55
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
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Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Hanna Lee56
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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73
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contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
The ever-sueful director of Titanic James
Cameron introduced yet another masterpiece to
the world Avatar At first Avatar aeared to
be a bland sci-fi movie with ups and downs ch$sy
sexual chemistry and a trite plot of the gd
guys kiamping aamp the bad guyshellip There were numerous
bale scenes heavily funded graphics obvious
romance betw$n the main characters and Narsquovirsquos
final victory over the human capitalists Yet
beneath these clicheacutes lies a powerful meage
James Cameron delivered with his mastery of film-
making
Avatarrsquos plot holds a striking resemblance to
the history of colonialism Humans from almost-
destroyed Earth encroach on Narsquovi tribe native
inhabitants of the planet Pandora While they
profe generosity and camaraderie ostensibly
educating the indigenous and establishing a mu-
tual relationship they are hiding a secret agen-
da of exploiting them of their invaluable natu-
ral resources The European colonization of the
Americas revolved around the same iue During
the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans a(ived on
the shores of Latin America in pursuit of ldquoGod
Gold and Gloryrdquo With deceptive friendline
they convinced the natives that they would help
them flourish Most notably Spanish Conquis-
tador Hernando Cortez was hailed by the Aztec
King Montezuma as guardian and friend of the
Aztecs When the capitalists send Jake Suampy the
protagonist into the Narsquovi Tribe as part of espi-
onage he t is welcomed by the tribespeople He
sn develops intimacy with them and this is when
Avatar takes a di)erent course from the familiar
historical route The remarkable turn of the plot
ours when Jake feamp in love with Neytiri the
female protagonist
With Neytiri Jake witnees the exotic beauty of
the Narsquovi Culture It is not long before he begins
to areciate the unique splendors of planet Pan-
dora recognizing the authority of the elders of
the Narsquovi and developing awed respect for their
mystical practices On the contrary the capital-
ists were not aware of the beauty and intricacy of
the Narsquovi Culture During their first bale the
capitalists were heavily armed with guns against
the Narsquovi with bows and a(ows The humans ie-
diately aumed that they were an lsquoinferiorrsquo race
who did not know how to make use of the precious
resources their lands bore When the capitalists
decide to invade the Narsquovi Tribe to aropri-
ate the resources Jake fores$s the aack and
prepares the Narsquovi Tribe for bale against the
capitalists Although the Narsquovi tribe and habi-
tat is heavily damaged by the bale they emerged
triumphant This s$ms to be a subtle reminder to
many people who blinded by the magnificence of
their own feats and heritage fail to recognize
the intricacy and merits of a di)erent culture
Cameron caamped for a fareweamp to peoplersquos vain hu-
bris People must adopt a humble aitude towards
foreign culture in order to truly understand its
value and strength
On the surface Avatar was a very conventional
Hoampywd movie The overaamp plot was obvious and
the movie could have b$n viewed as a typicaampy
coercial movie aimed at coming first in the
US Box O)ice charts Neverthele its strong
meage proves that Avatar is one of the most
prominent sci-fi movies of the 21st centurymdashone
that entertainingly and insightfuampy criticizes
our history of colonization
Director James Cameron
Main actors Sam Worthington Zoe SaldanaGenre Action Adventure Science-Fiction
Running time 162 min
Release Date 16 December 2009 (South Korea)
Prize 3 Oscars
Avatar|movie review| Si Un Kim
Helping out or throwing out
57
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
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72
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Between The Lines
TheAwakening
Edna Pontellierrsquos enlightenment was tinged with a crisp blue In what she recognized as the rediscovery of individuality she witnessed the vast blue of the sea and sky open up endless horizons for her Ironically in the last scene it was this very liberating sensation of blue that gulped Edna and her wild vagaries down in the middle of the sea as she lamented her pathetic fate disillu-sionedhellip Unfortunately Edna Pontellier dabbled in a false sense of feminism that led to her demise
Once Edna Pontellier the protagonist became resolute in her belief to never yield to anyone elsersquos interests but remain only faithful to her own she started living a new life She swam to extents ldquono women may ever have imaginedrdquo and indulged in deep relationships which her earlier responsibilities would have prevented her from The results however were devastating Edna Pontellierrsquos actions left her children bruised with neglect her husband scarred in spite of all his effusive love and she even-tually perished out in the wide blue sea The account of a woman who wallowed in her liberating sense of individuality is quite straightforward however before we censure or acclaim Edna Pon-tellierrsquos whimsical rebellion it is imperative that we clarify whether she battled against oppressive practices or rightful re-sponsibilitiesmdashor both
- 57123amp7gt 895 94 )7amplt3 9- 138 4+ (1amp7aelig(amp943 8identifying how Edna Pontellier came to lsquoawakenrsquo She was in her routine with Robert a young man whom she had an ongoing affair with when the rebellious thought struck her that she in fact could live ignoring all restrictions and interests of other people es-pecially that of her husband The prevalent notion during this period was that tending a household and looking after the chil-dren were delicate and pleasant tasks only women were capable of performing From Ednarsquos perspective however obligations of do-mesticity only seemed oppressive and burdensome Loyalty to their 8548ů9-7(-1)73ůamp3)9-7+amp21gt)aelig391gt574-9)23and women from living lives faithful to their desires However as we do not give kudos to men who are remiss in their responsi-bilities of making a living for their family and instead spend all their time infatuated with other women Edna Pontellier does not deserve our acclaim Unlike Mademoiselle Reisz a neighbor of the Pontelliers who had never solemnly vowed to be faithful to one family and one man it was out of Edna Pontellierrsquos own volition to become the mother of two children and the wife of her husband It is only sensible that she abstain from such instinctual and lascivi-ous desires Edna however was distressed that Robert had to be so cautious and hesitant when he approached her She understood that her responsibility as a mother thwarted her from building a more intimate relationship with Robert The Awakening does not nar-rate an occasion when a late 19th century feminist woman became enlightened of her rights and claimed that she was to be granted them instead Edna lsquoawakenedrsquo in terms of discovering a glamorous 89aelig(amp943942amp39amp3-7amp++amp7lt9-479lt9-49+13any remorse
The Awakening claims to be an account of a woman who came to dis-cover that she was able to live beyond the women of her era It is questionable though whether Edna Pontellier was the pioneer of such groundbreaking feminist thoughts Countless women have brought such notions up earlier and despite their efforts there has never been a fundamental shift in the role of men and women Throughout history and various civilizations women have always borne the responsibility of the typical mother to remain loyal to her family The only change across time and culture was the level of respect women enjoyed for their responsibilities In the an-cient communities of Sparta for instance women were treated with greater respect than men due to their duties and responsibilities amp8 249-78Ű 7gt 84(9gt -amp8 93)) 94ltamp7)8aelig3)3 amp3)2amp3-taining an optimal balance in the rights of both genders paying special concern to the physiological traits of each gender Men grow large muscles while women give birth to children and breast-feed them Naturally men came to protect the household while women looked after the children In a society where each gender was as-signed with the responsibility that is best compatible with their intrinsic qualities Edna questioned such conventions The fact that she wanted to reject the comforts of adhering to the lsquooptimal rolesrsquo comes across as questionable raising suspicions whether there might have been unspeakable ulterior motives
The late 19th and early 20th century had been the era of women Many women rights came into recognition including such funda-mentals as the right to vote These promotions immensely changed the political and social topography of our world and certainly improved it However the character that Kate Chopin a staunch feminist herself had created in the Awakening is inherently dif-ferent Edna was not a social reformer who endeavored to reclaim the fundamental rights of women and demonstrate the capacity and 119gt 4+ 9- +2amp1 3)7Ű - (amp1amp2948 3ccedil3( -7struggles brought about only served to give higher grounds to the male argument that females were incapable of rational judgment and thus effected the consolidation of the androcentric structure of society During a moment in history when a handful of notable intelligent feminists were improving the lives of millions Edna was certainly a failure She was just like the vast many mendacious others who cloaked in the ideology of feminism and women rights simply left scars and questions to those who they loved most
Edna might have been a ruthless adolescent or a wily schemer She might have been inebriated in the wild sense of freedom committing irresponsible acts just as how adolescents would challenge adults once they gained a clearer picture of the world Or she might have known all along Under the name of feminism and women rights the whole narrative might have been about her scheme to pave her way to a life of promiscuity In either case what could have become a true revolution and a reverberating outcry has failed to materi-alize itself as such
T h e Awak e n i ng L i t e r a ry R e v i ew
Review title Edna Pontelliermdasha Blemish on the Feminist MovementBook Info Author Kate ChopinYear of publication 1899Place of publication United States
Name of publisher H S Stone amp Co
|literary review| yong jun byun
58
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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73
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Between The Lines
a glow of
truth
The Pearl is one of John Steinbeckrsquos simplest yet most colorful storiesmdashlyrical poetic and profoundly symbolic It holds a lesson on the futility of human desires
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7KHSHDUO LVPDUNHGEGXDOLW MXVW OLNH WZRVLGHVRIDVDPH FRLQ 8VHG ZLVHO LQ WKH ULJKW FLUFXPVWDQFHV LWFRXOG WUXO KDYH IXOiquestOOHGLQRparaV GUHDPVRI JUDQWLQJ KLVSHRSOHDFFHVVWRPHGLFDWLRQDQGHGXFDWLRQsup2RIOLEHUDW-LQJKLVSHRSOH IURPVXIIHULQJDQG LJQRUDQFH6DGOKHUHIXVHGWRJLYHXSWKRVHGUHDPVIRUWKHVLPSOHMRVWKDWPDGH KLV SDVW OLIH SUHFLRXV VXFK DV -XDQDparaV WUXVWIXOORYHKDWEHJDQDVDKHDOWKDPELWLRQGHWHULRUDWHGLQWRDQ XQVWRSSDEOH JUHHG LQR JUHZ LQFUHDVLQJO GHDI WRWKHZDUQLQJVDQGZRUGVRIZLVGRPIURPWKRVHKHORYHG+HVWUXFN-XDQDKDUVKODFURVVWKHIDFHZKHQVKHWULHGWR WKURZDZD WKHSHDUO Q WKHHQG WKHSHDUOEHFDPHDNH WKDWXVKHUHG LQQRW WKHJORULRXV IXWXUH WKDWLQRKRSHGIRUEXWWKHDVKJORRPRIGHDWKDQGGHVSDLU
QWKHHQGLQRiquestQDOOWKUHZWKHSHDUOLQWRWKHVKLPPHU-LQJEOXHVHDZKHUHLWGULIWHGGRZQWRWKHERWWRPRIWKHRFHDQDQGGLVDSSHDUHG$OWKRXJKWKHVWRUHQGVKHUHLWLVIDLUOFOHDUWKDWLQRparaVWURXEOHVZLOOQRW+HKDVORVWDOPRVW HYHUWKLQJ DQG JHWWLQJ ULG RI WKH SHDUOZLOO QRWEULQJEDFNZKDWKHKDVORVWWZLOOQRWUHVXUUHFWampRRWLWRKLVGHDGVRQLWZLOOQRWHUDVHWKHPDUNRIKLVEORZIURP-XDQDparaVFKHHNDQGLWZLOOQRWEXLOGXSKLVEXUQWKRXVHRUVKDWWHUHGERDWDJDLQ+HPXVWOHDUQWRGHVWURWKHJUHHGDQGVWXEERUQQHVVLQWKHGHSWKVRIKLVRZQKHDUWEHIRUHKHFDQiquestQGWUXHKDSSLQHVVLQKLVOLIH2XUOLIHKROGVDFXULRXVYHULVLPLOLWXGHWRWKHVZLUOLQJULFK-OODHUHGEHDXWRIWKHSHDUOIXVHGZHOOMRLQLQJKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUHZLWKJUDWLWXGHIRUWKHSUHVHQWRXUOLYHVFDQEORVVRP LQWRSHDUOVRI WUDQVOXFHQWKXHV LIDEXVHGZHFDQIDOOLQWRDQHYHUHQGLQJFKDVPRIGRXEWGUHDGDQGGHVSDLU
|LITERARY REVIEW| haelan Ester ra
T h e P e a r l L i t e r a r y R e v i e w
Book infoAuthor John SteinbeckYear of publication 1947Place of publication United StatesName of publisher The Viking Press
59
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
60
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
|art| Boeun Choo
61
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
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|art| junha hwang
71
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72
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73
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Between The Lines
_amp)+ amp+(The Empire of Light)Painting info Artists name Reneacute MagritteDate 1953-1954Medium Oil on canvasSize 76 1516 51 58 inches62
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
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|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
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To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
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|art| junha hwang
73
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Between The Lines
DĂƌŬĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞůLJĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƚƌĞĞďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐĞŶŐƵůĨƚŚĞĐĂŶǀĂƐĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƐŚŽĐŬŝŶŐcontrast with the blue sky A white building lies amid the forest absorbed in darkness A single black tree sprouts upward high into the sky full of light as if to drench itself in the bright fantasy of blue A lone lamplight illuminates silently amongst the sea of ĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐƐŚŝŶŝŶŐĂǀŝǀŝĚƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐƵƌĨĂĐĞŽĨĂƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĮƌƐƚŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽĨZĞŶĠDĂŐƌŝƩĞdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚŝƐƚŚĞĞĞƌŝĞĂŶĚŝƌŽŶŝĐĂůůLJĞŶƚĂŝůŝŶŐƐĞŶƐĞŽĨƌĞĂůŝƚLJdŚĞǁŽƌůĚŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚŝƐƐƚƌŝŬŝŶŐůLJƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĚƵĞƚŽŝƚƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĚĞƚĂŝůƐLJĞƚŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨŝƚƐĚƵĂůĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚdŚĞǁŽƌŬŝƚƐĞůĨŝƐĂƚƌƵůLJŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĞƉŝƚŽŵĞŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐĂůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƟŶŐĂƐĐĞŶĞƚŚĂƚŝƐĂƚŽŶĐĞŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůĂŶĚƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŝĐĂůŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĂƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵĐƌĞĂƟŶŐĂƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶ-ƟĂůŵĂƐƚĞƌƉŝĞĐĞŽĨƵŶŝƋƵĞĂƌƟƐƟĐƚƌĞŶĚDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŝŶƚƐŽŶƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĂŶĚƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĂůŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƟŽŶƐŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĨƵůůŽĨĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶĂŶĚŚĂƌ-ŵŽŶŝnjĂƟŽŶĨĂŝƚŚĨƵůďĞůŝĞǀĞƌǁŚŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJƵƐĞĚƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂůĞŶůŝŐŚƚĞŶŵĞŶƚĂƐĂŵŽƟĨ DĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚůŽǁůŝŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞŚƵŵĂŶǁŽƌůĚũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƚĂƌƌLJŚĞĂǀĞŶƐ dŚĞŵŽƐƚƉƌŽŵŝŶĞŶƚ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞŽĨ dŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨ gtŝŐŚƚ ŝƐ ŝƚƐ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨ ĐŽůŽƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŚĞǀŝŽůĞŶƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĂƌƟƐƟĐƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞĐĂůůĞĚĐŚŝĂƌŽ-ƐĐƵƌŽdŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚůŝŐŚƚŽĨĚĂLJŇŽŽĚƐƚŚĞƐŬLJĂďŽǀĞƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐĂƐůĞĞƉŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƌĞŶŝƚLJŽĨŶŝŐŚƚdŚŝƐ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƟĐŵƵůƟͲĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨƟŵĞĂŶĚƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĞŵƉŚĂƐŝnjĞĚďLJƚŚĞŽƉĞŶďƌŝŐŚƚƐŬLJŝŶƚĞƌƐƉĞƌƐĞĚǁŝƚŚŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŶŐĐůŽƵĚƐŽĨĚLJŶĂŵŝĐshapes and forms In contrast the world below is the world of pitch darkness where ŽŶůLJƚŚĞŐůŝŵŵĞƌŽĨĂůĂŵƉŐůŽŽŵŝůLJŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞƐƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƉŽŶĚdŚĞũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƐƚŚĞŵĞĂŐĞƌŶĞƐƐŽĨŚƵŵĂŶůŝĨĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďƌŝŐŚƚǁŽƌůĚŽĨĂďƐŽůƵƚĞŐŽŽĚŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐĚĞƚĂŝůƚŚĂƚĂĐĐĞŶƚƵĂƚĞƐƐƵĐŚĚŝƐƉĂƌŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚƐƚƌĞĞƚůĂŵƉŝŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐdŚŝƐƐŝŶŐůĞƌƚƐͲĞĐŽƐƚLJůĞůĂŵƉƉŽƐƚƐŚŝŶĞƐĂůŽŶĞŝŶƚŚĞƚŚŝĐŬǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚĂĚŽǁĐĂƐƟŶŐĂƐŵĂůůĐŝƌĐůĞŽĨůŝŐŚƚŽŶƚŚĞŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞǁĂůůŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚĂŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶŽŶƚŚĞƐŵĂůůƉŽŶĚdŚĞĂƌƟĮĐŝĂůůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚŝƚƐŝůůƵŵŝŶĂƟŽŶĂƌĞƐŽƉĂůůŝĚĂŶĚĂůŵŽƐƚƉŝƟĨƵůĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞďƌŝů-ůŝĂŶƚƌĂĚŝĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞůĂƐƚůŝŐŚƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƚŚĞĨĂŝŶƚůLJŐůŽǁŝŶŐǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĐŽƌŶĞƌĞĚand partly obscured by the tall tree emphasizes the contrast between the sky full of light and the feeble land full of darkness Using this powerful contrast of brightness DĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞĐŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚǁŽƌůĚƐŽĨůŝŐŚƚĂŶĚĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐŝŶa single canvass KƚŚĞƌĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐƚŚĂƚƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĐůŽƐĞůLJŶŽƚĞĚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽďũĞĐƚdŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞĐĞŶƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚŝƐƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌĂŶĚƉůĂŝŶŝŶƐŚĂƉĞƚƐǁĂůůƐĂƌĞǁŚŝƚĞǁŝƚŚŽƵƚĂŶLJĚĞĐŽƌĂƟŽŶƐŽƌĂƉƉĞŶĚĂŐĞƐdŚĞǁŝŶĚŽǁƐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚůLJƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌůŝŬĞƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƚƐĞůĨ dŚĞƐƋƵĂƌĞƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐŵŽƐƚůLJĐŽǀ-ĞƌĞĚŝŶƐŚĂĚŽǁƐLJĞƚŽŶĞƐŵĂůůƟƉŝŶƚŚĞƵƉƉĞƌƌŝŐŚƚĐŽƌŶĞƌƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƌƌŽǁďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĂƌďŽƌĞĂůƌŝĚŐĞƐdŚŝƐƉŽŝŶƚĞĚƌŽŽĨĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJƚŽƵĐŚĞƐƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůƐŬLJĂƐŝĨƚŽƐŚŽǁŝƚƐĨƵƟůĞĚĞƐŝƌĞƚŽƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞĨĂƌŚĞĂǀĞŶƐƉĂƌƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ
ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŶŽƟĐĞĂďůĞƐŚĂƉĞŝƐƚŚĞůŽŶŐƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚůŝŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝŶĨƌŽŶƚdŚŝƐƚƌĞĞŝƐƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚŽďũĞĐƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉĂŝŶƟŶŐƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚũƵƐƚďĞŚŝŶĚƚŚĞŐůŝƩĞƌŝŶŐƉŽŶĚ^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽƚŚĞroof of the building the tree pierces into the sky and drenches itself in the ocean of ůŝŐŚƚŶƵƐĞůĞƐƐĂƩĞŵƉƚĨŽƌŶŽŵĂƩĞƌŚŽǁƚĂůůƚŚĞƚƌĞĞŝƐŝƚŵĂLJŶĞǀĞƌƌĞĂĐŚƚŚĞƐŬLJdŚĞƐŚĂƉĞƐŽĨƚŚĞďƵŝůĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞƚƌĞĞƐŚŽǁƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚůĞƐƐĞīŽƌƚĂŶĚĚĞƐŝƌĞŽĨŚƵŵĂŶto become part of the heavenly world dŚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂůƐŽĂƩĞƐƚƐƚŽƚŚĞƚŚĞŵĞƚŚĂƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞǁĂŶƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚdŚĞƚĂůůĞƐƚƚƌĞĞƐƚĂŶĚƐĂůŽŶĞƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĚĂƌŬĨŽƌĞƐƚĂŶĚƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞƐŶĞĂƌďLJdŚĞƉůĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐŝƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĞƌƚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞĂŽĨĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĚĞƚĂĐŚĞĚĨƌŽŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌĞŝŐŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ampƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĞǁŚŝƚĞ ƌĞĐƚĂŶŐƵůĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚŝƐĂůƐŽƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŵĂŝŶďƵŝůĚŝŶŐďLJƚŚĞĚĂƌŬƐŝůŚŽƵĞƩĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŽďũĞĐƚƐĞǀŽŬĞĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĚĞƐĞƌƟŽŶƵŶĚĞƌƐĐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚƐŬLJũƵƐƚabove the forest Overall the overwhelming darkness and the feeble luminance along ǁŝƚŚĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƉŚLJƐŝĐĂůƐĞŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶůĞĂĚƚŽƚŚĞĂŵďŝĞŶĐĞŽĨĚĞƐŽůĂƟŽŶĂŶĚďůĞĂŬ-ŶĞƐƐŽĨƚŚĞƐŚĂĚŽǁLJĨŽƌĞƐƚdŚĞƐĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶƐĂůůƵĚĞƚŽƚŚĞŐƌŝŵĨĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝƚLJŽĨthe earthly world dŚĞŐĞŶŝƵƐŽĨDĂŐƌŝƩĞŚŽǁĞǀĞƌ ĚŽĞƐŶŽƚƐŝŵƉůLJĞdžƵĚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƵƐĂŐĞŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐĂŶĚůŝŐŚƚEŽƌĚŽĞƐƚŚĞĂƵƌĂŽĨƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĨĞůƚŝŶƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐĞŵĂŶĂƚĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞůŝŶĞƐĐŽůŽƌƐƐŚĂƉĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƚĐŽŵĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƵƐŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶŽĨƚǁŽŝŶĐŽŵƉĂƟďůĞĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐŽĨƟŵĞʹĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚʹŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞďĞĂƵƟĨƵůƐĐĞŶĞĚĞůĞĐƚĂďůLJƐLJŶĐŚƌŽŶŝnjĞĚďLJĞĂĐŚĚĞƚĂŝůdŚĞƌĂĚŝĂŶƚƐŬLJƚŚĞĞīƵůŐĞŶƚĐůŽƵĚƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŇŝĐŬĞƌŝŶŐůĂŵƉůŝŐŚƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞĚĂƌŬŶĞƐƐĂŶĚĂůůŽƚŚĞƌĚĞƚĂŝůƐƐŚĂƉĞƐůŝŶĞƐĂŶĚĐŽůŽƌƐŵĞƌŐĞŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂůůLJĐŽĂŐƵůĂƟŶŐŝŶƚŽĂŶĞŶŝŐŵĂƟĐĂŶĚĞǀĞŶŵLJƐƟĐĂůƐĐĞŶĞƌLJƚŚĂƚůŝĞƐďĞLJŽŶĚŽƵƌƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶdŚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶLJƉŽƌƚƌĂLJƐŚŽǁƚŚĞďĂƐĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨŵĂŶŬŝŶĚĐŽĞdžŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĞƚŚĞƌĞĂůĞŶƟƚLJŽĨƚŚĞĐĞůĞƐƟĂůƐƉŚĞƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚŝŶŐƵƐŚŽǁǁĞƐƚĂŶĚďĞƚǁĞĞŶŝŶĂǁŽƌůĚŽĨƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂŶĚĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶ KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĨĂŵŽƵƐǁŽƌŬƐŽĨ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵdŚĞŵƉŝƌĞŽĨgtŝŐŚƚǁŽŶĚĞƌĨƵůůLJĚĞƉŝĐƚƐƚŚĞƐƚƵŶŶŝŶŐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĐƟŽŶŽĨĚĂLJĂŶĚŶŝŐŚƚƵƐŝŶŐŵĞƟĐƵůŽƵƐĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨƚƌĞĞƐƐŬLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚŚŽƵƐĞDĂŐƌŝƩĞĂůƐŽũƵdžƚĂƉŽƐĞĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐŽĨƉŝƚĐŚďůĂĐŬǁŝƚŚƚŚĞďůŝŶĚ-ŝŶŐ ĞīĞƌǀĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŬLJ ĂŶĚ ŚĞŶĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂŵĂŐŝĐĂů ƐĐĞŶĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƟŵĞƐĂƚŽŶĐĞEŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƐƵĐŚŵĂũŽƌĂƌƟƐƟĐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůůLJĐŽŶǀĞLJĞĚŚŝƐǀŝĞǁƚŚĂƚƉĞŽƉůĞůŝǀĞŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĂŶĚƐŽƌĚŝĚůŝǀĞƐŝŶĨĂĐĞŽĨthe heavenly virtues of the world of god He wanted people to become aware of the ec-ĐůĞƐŝĂƐƟĐĂůƌĞĂůŵƚŚĂƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞƌĞĂĐŚĞĚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĨĂŝƚŚDĂŐƌŝƩĞƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJĨĂǀŽƌĞĚƚŚŝƐƉĂŝŶƟŶŐŽǀĞƌŚŝƐŽƚŚĞƌǁŽƌŬƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƐĞǀĞƌĂůƐŝŵŝůĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚĞdžƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůLJŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞĚďŽƚŚŚŝƐƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐĐƌĞĞĚĂŶĚĚŝƐƟŶĐƟǀĞ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵĞǁĂƐƐĂƟƐ-ĮĞĚǁŝƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽƵĚŽĨĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚǁŽƉŚŝůŽƐŽƉŚŝĐĐƌĞĞĚƐʹĂƚŚŽůŝĐŝƐŵĂŶĚ^ƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐŵʹƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůLJĂŶĚƐƵĐĐŝŶĐƚůLJŝŶĂƐŝŶŐůĞĐĂŶǀĂƐƐ
The Empire of Light
the Compatibility of
Paradox|art analysis| Sung Yurl In
63
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
We are lookingfor
Poetry and short fiction editors
Non-fiction editors
Style Editors
Graphic Designers
PR oicers Financial Oicers
Event Co-ordinators
Distribution Oicers
Webmanagers
Bloers
Details and job descriptions available
in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
Please email your a$lication forms
fied out by 20th January 2012 to
btlmaggmailcom
|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
|art| Rick TIerney64
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
We are lookingfor
Poetry and short fiction editors
Non-fiction editors
Style Editors
Graphic Designers
PR oicers Financial Oicers
Event Co-ordinators
Distribution Oicers
Webmanagers
Bloers
Details and job descriptions available
in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
Please email your a$lication forms
fied out by 20th January 2012 to
btlmaggmailcom
|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsemotion
|art| Rick TIerney
I am a Part of historyA real sense of mysteryThe monologues of time have embellished me rather skilfullyI AM EMOTION
I overflow intellect faster than the dark blue When we collide I pass through itrsquos over
I AM EMOTION Hidden behind a mask of calloused smiles Fingers red from scratching at the cage door a while I rage more and scowl I AM EMOTION
Thoughts cascading over youThe highest highs provoking soaking overviews while I engulf the soul of youSTOP let me lie here a second Irsquom tired right this second Keep your eyes Shut this second and remember what I do for you
I AM EMOTION And I protect the dark side from sparking and igniting youYou laugh but Irsquom a fighter too My main form of catharsis is your protection
I AM EMOTION A metal jacket a resurrection from depressionA slumber that I put you in but will not let you back in
I AM EMOTION I am back in the backroom Locked in a vacuumA vault of uncontrollable assaults on your Chat room
I AM EMOTION Chemically concocted reservoirs of devotionYes I AM EMOTION A potion deep enough to wake your strongest demons up I AM EMOTION
So beware of my power For I will watch over you so long as I have powerBut take your chance with me and soon create an enemy And know that I devour any enemy that I can see For I AM EMOTION
But I am a manAnd I will control my emotions as well as any man can Crashing bad emotions ships crashing into dry land
I AM A MAN
And I control my emotionsThey may have the power but only I control my oceans
|SPOKEN WORD POETRY| ROB STOREY
|spoken word poetry| rob storey
httpssoundcloudcombetween-thelines-soundsemotion
65
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
We are lookingfor
Poetry and short fiction editors
Non-fiction editors
Style Editors
Graphic Designers
PR oicers Financial Oicers
Event Co-ordinators
Distribution Oicers
Webmanagers
Bloers
Details and job descriptions available
in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
Please email your a$lication forms
fied out by 20th January 2012 to
btlmaggmailcom
|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
httpssoundcloudcombetween-the-lines-soundsmy-perfect-blue
My Perfect Blue(Lyrics and Chord Sequences)
IntroDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
VerseDsus4-CDsus4-BDsus4-A7
The skies are blue The momentary life I tookaway when I needed you
The tables tooare left to stay all broken down and I will never look upon
Pre Chorus Dsus4-BDsus4-GDsus4-BAsus2
Your faces Looking like the tides And All I want from you Is to stay my perfect blue
Dsus4-BDsus4-GA7A7
Your places Searching for collidesAnd All I want from you is to stay my perfect blue
Chorus x2 Dsus4Dsus4-FDsus4-GA7
My perfect blueMy perfect blue My perfect blue My perfect blue
|composition| Minsung KIm|production| Matthew Kim
66
We are lookingfor
Poetry and short fiction editors
Non-fiction editors
Style Editors
Graphic Designers
PR oicers Financial Oicers
Event Co-ordinators
Distribution Oicers
Webmanagers
Bloers
Details and job descriptions available
in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
Please email your a$lication forms
fied out by 20th January 2012 to
btlmaggmailcom
|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
We are lookingfor
Poetry and short fiction editors
Non-fiction editors
Style Editors
Graphic Designers
PR oicers Financial Oicers
Event Co-ordinators
Distribution Oicers
Webmanagers
Bloers
Details and job descriptions available
in btlmagwblycomcrew-recruitment
Please email your a$lication forms
fied out by 20th January 2012 to
btlmaggmailcom
|art| Hanna Lee68
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
69
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
Deadline 1st January 2013-479aelig(943V5949lt4894783414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-Poetry up to three poems no longer than 100 lines each 43Taelig(943V5949lt45(83414379-amp3ůűűűlt47)8amp(-79lt4708V594aelig5(84+amp79lt4708(amp142548943V5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-Plt9-lt79931gt7(8ů+amp843Q540347)497gtV5949-7amp)4aelig183414379-amp3gű2398amp(-lt9-lt79935497gtamp99amp(-)
General Guidelines1 Visual arts that is close to 2480x3248 pixels at 30dpl is strongly favouredŰ47lt7938288438ůaelig18amp757+77)Ű478amp1amp79ůůůamp757+77)Ű3 Editors do not commence judging the entries until after the submission deadline 29978lt11349aelig)9-74-2amp1lt9-3lt08amp+979-)amp)13Ű4 We only accept submissions through email 5 For more information please check the guidelines at weeblybtlmagcom
Please email us at submitbtlgmailcom and attach your submission in separate documentsIn the body of the email please listNamePublished Name Email addressPostal address Phone number
For each submission please also listCategory of submission Submission title Word count Line count Media used
COLLAGE
Collage is a Collaborative Arts Group that puts together dierent genres of arts (Visual Art Dance Music and Literature) into one live performance after seven days of preparation
To nd out more about Collage visit btlmagweeblycomcollage To watch our videas Search on Youtube ldquoCollage collaborative arts grouprdquo
|art| junha hwang
71
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
|art| junha hwang
72
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
SALES amp MARKETINGSeoul Office
356-1 4 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku Seoul 121-210 South Korea
T +82 2 325 1391 F +82 2 794 9906E jejuregencyhyattcomjejuregencyhyattcom
JEJU
Meeting package plans at Hyatt Regency Jeju are designed to ensure successful business meetings From small to medium size meetings and incentives executive retreats and board meetings our event planners can help you to create customised events based on your personal preference and budget
GREAT EVENTS
aĊ6อᬱᇡ1ᯙݚ ᖙɩၰᅪᔍഭᄥ
⩽ᔍ⧎Ƚᨱ฿۵൙ᱽŖ᪅ᱥ9ᇡ᪅5ʭḡ
2ჩ᮹⦝ᯥᱽŖ
᪅ษəต᮹ᱱᝍᱽŖ(R⊖) LCD⥥ಽഭᱽŖ
⫭᮹ᨕܩᱽŖ⟽13ऽၰօᔾᙹ➉י
POOLSIDETERRACE BALLROOM REGENCY BALLROOM
smart MEETING PACKAGE
Price Starts from KRW 60000 (per person excluding tax and service charges)Benefits Meeting room rental (900 am - 500 pm) Two coffee breaks Lunch at Omi Market Grill restaurant Use of LCD projector and screen Amenities (pen notepad and water)
|art| junha hwang
73
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
CopyrightCopyrights of material published in BTL remains with individual writers and artists
Sponsorship amp Advertising If you would like to sponsor the Between
The Lines cause or advertise in Between The Lines Please email sponsorbtlgmailcom Subscriptions
Annual Personal (three issues of Between The Lines) W15000Annual Organisation (schools libraries youth centres gal-leries art organizations and arts commu-nities) W30000Please email subscribebtlgmailcom
Join the CrewIf you would like to get involved in
Between The Lines as part of the crew please return to page 68
If you have projects of your own that you would like us to promote please
contact btlmaggmailcom
Between The Lines
Between The Lines