Bharat Mis

7/29/2019 Bharat Mis

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3/8/13 MIS 715 Eaton Fall 11

Information Systems

Why Do People Need Information?

Individuals - Entertainment and enlightenment

Businesses - Decision making, problem solving

and control


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Data, Information,

and Systems Data vs. Information

Data

A given, or fact; a number, a statement, or apicture

Represents something in the real world

The raw materials in the production of information

Information

Data that have meaning within a context


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Data, Information,and Systems

Data Manipulation

Example: customer survey

Reading through data collected from a customersurvey with questions in various categories would betime-consuming and not very helpful.

When manipulated, the surveys may provide useful

information.


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Data, Information,

and Systems Generating Information Computer-based ISs take data as raw

material, process it, and produceinformation as output.

Figure 1.1 Input-process-output


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3/8/13 MIS 715 Eaton Fall 55Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information


Information in Context


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What Is a System?

System: A set of components that worktogether to achieve a common goal

Subsystem: One part of a system wherethe products of more than one system

are combined to reach an ultimate goal

Closed system: Stand-alone system thathas no contact with other systems


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Figure 1.3 Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system.


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Information and Managers

Systems thinking

Creates a framework for problem solving and decisionmaking.

Keeps managers focused on overall goals andoperations of business.


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Figure 1.5 Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy


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The Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy

Synergy

When combined resources produce output thatexceeds the sum of the outputs of the sameresources employed separately

Allows human thought to be translated intoefficient processing of large amounts of data


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Figure 1.6 Components of an information system


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The Four Stages of Data Processing

Input: Data is collected and entered intocomputer.

Data processing: Data is manipulatedinto information using mathematical,statistical, and other tools.

Output: Information is displayed or


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Why Study IS?

Information Systems Careers Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning

(ERP), database administrator, telecommunications specialist,consulting, etc.

Knowledge Workers Managers and non-managers

Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how

to use information technology.

Computer Literacy ReplacingTraditional Literacy

Key to full participation in western


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Ethical and Societal IssuesThe Not-So-Bright Side

Consumer Privacy

Organizations collect (and sometimes sell)huge amounts of data on individuals.

Employee Privacy

IT supports remote monitoring of employees,

violating privacy and creating stress.


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Freedom of Speech IT increases opportunities for pornography, hate speech,

intellectual property crime, an d other intrusions; preventionmay abridge free speech.

IT Professionalism No mandatory or enforced code of ethics for IT professionals--

unlike other professions.

Social Inequality Less than 20% of the worlds population have ever used a PC;

less than 3% have Internet access.


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Information Systems

Why Do People Need Information?

Individuals - Entertainment and enlightenment

Businesses - Decision making, problem solving

and control


17/30


Data, Information,

and Systems Data vs. Information

Data

A given, or fact; a number, a statement, or apicture

Represents something in the real world

The raw materials in the production of information

Information

Data that have meaning within a context


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Data Manipulation

Example: customer survey

Reading through data collected from a customersurvey with questions in various categories would betime-consuming and not very helpful.

When manipulated, the surveys may provide useful

information.


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Data, Information,

and Systems Generating Information Computer-based ISs take data as raw

material, process it, and produceinformation as output.

Figure 1.1 Input-process-output


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3/8/13 MIS 715 Eaton Fall 2020Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information


Information in Context


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What Is a System?

System: A set of components that worktogether to achieve a common goal

Subsystem: One part of a system wherethe products of more than one system

are combined to reach an ultimate goal

Closed system: Stand-alone system thathas no contact with other systems


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Figure 1.3 Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system.


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Information and Managers

Systems thinking

Creates a framework for problem solving and decisionmaking.

Keeps managers focused on overall goals andoperations of business.


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Figure 1.5 Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy


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The Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy

Synergy

When combined resources produce output thatexceeds the sum of the outputs of the sameresources employed separately

Allows human thought to be translated intoefficient processing of large amounts of data


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Figure 1.6 Components of an information system


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The Four Stages of Data Processing

Input: Data is collected and entered intocomputer.

Data processing: Data is manipulatedinto information using mathematical,statistical, and other tools.

Output: Information is displayed or


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Why Study IS?

Information Systems Careers Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning

(ERP), database administrator, telecommunications specialist,consulting, etc.

Knowledge Workers Managers and non-managers

Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how

to use information technology.

Computer Literacy ReplacingTraditional Literacy

Key to full participation in western


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Consumer Privacy

Organizations collect (and sometimes sell)huge amounts of data on individuals.

Employee Privacy

IT supports remote monitoring of employees,

violating privacy and creating stress.


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Freedom of Speech IT increases opportunities for pornography, hate speech,

intellectual property crime, an d other intrusions; preventionmay abridge free speech.

IT Professionalism No mandatory or enforced code of ethics for IT professionals--

unlike other professions.

Social Inequality Less than 20% of the worlds population have ever used a PC;

less than 3% have Internet access.

Documents

Bharat Mis