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11
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BANTUAN HIDUP DASARBANTUAN HIDUP DASAR
( Basic Life Support )( Basic Life Support )
22
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BANTUAN HIDUP :BANTUAN HIDUP :( Life Support )( Life Support )Usaha untuk mempertahankan kehidupan saat penderita Usaha untuk mempertahankan kehidupan saat penderita mengalami keadaan yang mengancam nyawamengalami keadaan yang mengancam nyawa
33
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Bantuan Hidup Dasar Bantuan Hidup Dasar
Tanpa :Tanpa :
- Cairan intra vena- Cairan intra vena
- Obat- Obat
- Kejut listrik- Kejut listrik
44
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Bantuan Hidup LanjutBantuan Hidup LanjutRSRS - ATLS- ATLS
- ACLS- ACLS
- PALS- PALS
Pra RSPra RS - PHTLS- PHTLS
- PHCLS- PHCLS
55
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
OtakOtak
tidak dapat O2 matitidak dapat O2 mati
JantungJantung
6 - 8 menit
66
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Mati KlinisMati Klinis ::
Nafas ( - )Nafas ( - )
Jantung ( - )Jantung ( - )
Mati Biologis :Mati Biologis :
Terjadi kerusakan sel otakTerjadi kerusakan sel otak
“ “ mati betulan “mati betulan “
77
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
KeterlambatanKeterlambatan KemungkinanKemungkinan
BHDBHD berhasilberhasil
1 menit1 menit 98 dari 10098 dari 100
4 menit4 menit 50 dari 10050 dari 100
10 menit10 menit 1 dari 100 1 dari 100
88
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Apapun keadaan penderita :Apapun keadaan penderita :
A.A. AirwayAirway - Jalan nafas- Jalan nafas
B.B. BreathingBreathing - Pernafasan- Pernafasan
C.C. CirculationCirculation - Jantung dan pembuluh darah- Jantung dan pembuluh darah
99
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Airway Airway
anatomianatomi
1010
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Pernafasan yang berbunyiPernafasan yang berbunyi
AdalahAdalah
Pernafasan yang tersumbatPernafasan yang tersumbat
1111
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
TotalTotal
ObstruksiObstruksi
ParsialParsial akutakut
insidousinsidous
1212
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
Obstruksi total Obstruksi total - Pasien sadar :Pasien sadar :
+ Benda asing+ Benda asing Heimlich manuverHeimlich manuver
- Pasien tidak sadar :Pasien tidak sadar :
+ RJP berat+ RJP berat finger sweepfinger sweep
abdominal trhustabdominal trhust
instrumeninstrumen
1313
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
HeimlichHeimlich Abdominal trhustAbdominal trhust
1414
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
1515
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
Obstruksi parsial :Obstruksi parsial :- CairanCairan Gurgling / bunyi cairanGurgling / bunyi cairan
- LidahLidah Snoring / ngorokSnoring / ngorok
- Larink/tracheaLarink/trachea Crowing / stridorCrowing / stridor
1616
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
Obstruksi parsial :Obstruksi parsial :- CairanCairan SuctionSuction
- LidahLidah Manual / airway sementaraManual / airway sementara
- Larink/tracheaLarink/trachea SurgicalSurgical
1717
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Type canul suctionType canul suction
RigidRigid SoftSoft
1818
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
Snoring – ngorokSnoring – ngorok
Pangkal lidah jatuh kebelakangPangkal lidah jatuh kebelakang
1919
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
2020
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
Pemasangan OPAPemasangan OPA
2121
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
AirwayAirway
Pemasangan NPAPemasangan NPA
1.1. Diameter/sizeDiameter/size
2.2. Ukur panjangUkur panjang
3.3. Usahakan Usahakan
lubang hidung kananlubang hidung kanan
2222
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Pernafasan yang baik pada orang dewasa :Pernafasan yang baik pada orang dewasa :
1.1. Frekuensi pernafasan 16 kali/menitFrekuensi pernafasan 16 kali/menit
2.2. Tanda – tanda sesak/kebiruan tidak adaTanda – tanda sesak/kebiruan tidak ada
3.3. Pemeriksaan fisik baikPemeriksaan fisik baik
2323
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathingMemeriksa pernafsanMemeriksa pernafsan
melihat, mendengar dan merasakan hembusan melihat, mendengar dan merasakan hembusan nafasnafas
2424
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
1.1. SesakSesak : - rasa sesak: - rasa sesak
- pernafasan cuping hidung- pernafasan cuping hidung
- retraksi- retraksi
2. 2. Kebiruan: - dibibirKebiruan: - dibibir
- di ujung jari- di ujung jari
2525
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Pemeriksaan fisik :Pemeriksaan fisik :
1. Inspeksi1. Inspeksi : ekspansi dada simetris: ekspansi dada simetris
2. Auskultasi2. Auskultasi : bising nafas kiri = kanan: bising nafas kiri = kanan
3. Perkusi3. Perkusi : sonor kiri = kanan: sonor kiri = kanan
2626
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Oksigen :Oksigen :
Bila KU penderita tidak baikBila KU penderita tidak baik
2727
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Pemberian oksigen :Pemberian oksigen :
1.1. Kanul hidungKanul hidung
2.2. Face maskFace mask
3.3. Non Rebreathing maskNon Rebreathing mask
2828
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Kanul hidungKanul hidung facemaskfacemask non non rebreatingrebreating
2929
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Pemberian oksigenPemberian oksigen
1.1. Udara bebasUdara bebas
2.2. Kanul hidung dengan O2 – 2 LPMKanul hidung dengan O2 – 2 LPM
3.3. Kanul hidung dengan O2 – 6 LPMKanul hidung dengan O2 – 6 LPM
4.4. Rebreathing facemask O2 – 6 – 8 LPMRebreathing facemask O2 – 6 – 8 LPM
5.5. Non rebrathing mask O2 – 8 – 12 LPMNon rebrathing mask O2 – 8 – 12 LPM
3030
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Frekuensi ventilasi tambahan :Frekuensi ventilasi tambahan :
1.1. DewasaDewasa 10 -12 kali/menit10 -12 kali/menit
2.2. Anak – anakAnak – anak 20 kali/menit 20 kali/menit
3.3. BayiBayi 20 kali/menit 20 kali/menit
3131
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Pernafasan buatan ( artificial ventilation )Pernafasan buatan ( artificial ventilation )
1.1. Mouth to mouth ventilationMouth to mouth ventilation
2.2. Mouth to mask ventilationMouth to mask ventilation
3.3. Bag - valve – mask (bag resuscitator) Bag - valve – mask (bag resuscitator)
3232
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Nafas buatan mouth to mouthNafas buatan mouth to mouth
3333
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Nafas buatan mouth to maskNafas buatan mouth to mask
3434
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Nafas buatan mouth to mask dengan tambahan O2Nafas buatan mouth to mask dengan tambahan O2
3535
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Konsentrasi oksigen pada nafas buatan Konsentrasi oksigen pada nafas buatan Mouth to mouth :Mouth to mouth :
Udara ekspirasi Udara ekspirasi 16 – 17 % 16 – 17 %
3636
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
BreathingBreathing
Pemberian oksigen dengan bag resuscitatorPemberian oksigen dengan bag resuscitator
3737
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
CirculationCirculation
Frekuensi denyut jantung :Frekuensi denyut jantung :
1.1. Dewasa Dewasa 60 – 80 kali/mnt 60 – 80 kali/mnt
2.2. Anak – anak Anak – anak 60 – 140 kali/mnt 60 – 140 kali/mnt
3.3. Bayi Bayi 85 – 200 kali/mnt 85 – 200 kali/mnt
waspada bila pada orang dewasa > 100 kali/mntwaspada bila pada orang dewasa > 100 kali/mnt
3838
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
CirculationCirculation
Tempat memeriksa denyut nadiTempat memeriksa denyut nadi
3939
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
CirculationCirculation
Bila jantung berhenti berdenyutBila jantung berhenti berdenyut
MakaMaka
Kompresi jantung luarKompresi jantung luar
4040
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Langkah – langkah sebelum RJP (AHALangkah – langkah sebelum RJP (AHA
1.1. Cek respon penderitaCek respon penderita
2.2. Call for helpCall for help
3.3. Posisi pasienPosisi pasien
4.4. Buka jalan nasaf Buka jalan nasaf periksa pernafasan ( - ) periksa pernafasan ( - )
5.5. Pernafasan buatan 2 kaliPernafasan buatan 2 kali
6.6. Periksa Arteri Carotis ( - )Periksa Arteri Carotis ( - )
7.7. Kompresi jantung luarKompresi jantung luar
4141
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Menentukan titik tempat kompresiMenentukan titik tempat kompresi
4242
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Posisi tangan Posisi tangan
4343
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
4444
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Kompresi jantung Kompresi jantung
NeonatusNeonatus anakanak
4545
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Ventilasi pada neonatusVentilasi pada neonatus
4646
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Kompresi jantung pada neonatusKompresi jantung pada neonatus
4747
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Perbandingan kompresi jantung Perbandingan kompresi jantung
5 : 1 5 : 1 2 penolong 2 penolong
15 : 215 : 2 1 penolong 1 penolong
4848
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Dalamnya kompresi jantung luarDalamnya kompresi jantung luar
DewasaDewasa 3 – 5 cm 3 – 5 cm
AnakAnak 2 – 3 cm 2 – 3 cm
BayiBayi 1 – 2 cm 1 – 2 cm
4949
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )
Menghentikan RJPMenghentikan RJP
Keputusan dokterKeputusan dokter
5050
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118
5151
Training and Education AGD 118Training and Education AGD 118