Bibliography Greek Warfare

This is a partial list of resources dealing with ancient Greek warfare.

Abbreviations of periodicals generally follow L'Année philologique: http://www.annee-philologique.com/aph/files/sigles_fr.pdf

Prefixes such as “van”, “von” and “de” in authors' names are generally ignored, though there are certain exceptions where usage goes against this principle. Names starting with “Mc” are ordered as though they were spelled “Mac”.

Mark Kindrachuk October 2011

COMPILATIONS OF ANCIENT SOURCES

Austin, M.M. (ed.), The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest: A Selection of Ancient Sources in Translation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Bagnall, R.S. and P. Derow (edd.), The Hellenistic Period: Historical Sources in Translation, Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.

Review by A. Kerkelsager: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2004/2004-03-19.html Burstein, S.M. (ed.), The Hellenistic Age: From the Battle of Ipsos to the Death of Kleopatra VII, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Campbell, B. (ed.), Greek and Roman Military Writers: Selected Readings. London: Routledge, 2004.

Review by J. Thorne: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2005/2005-08-13.html Heckel, W., and J.C. Yardley (edd.), Alexander the Great: Historical Texts in Translation, Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.

Review by J. Lendering: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2004/2004-02-13.html Köchly, H. and W. Rüstow (edd.), Die griechische Kriegsschrifsteller, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 1969. Romm, J. (ed.), Alexander the Great: Selections from Arrian, Diodorus, Plutarch and Quintus Curtius, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co., 2005. Sage, M.M. (ed.), Warfare in Ancient Greece: A Sourcebook, London: Routledge, 1996.

Review by D. Hamel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1997/97.06.01.html

SECONDARY SOURCES

1. General works 2. Topography 3. Bronze Age and Homeric warfare 4. Hoplite warfare

4.1 Introduction and development of hoplite warfare 4.2 Arms and armour 4.3 Light troops and missile weapons 4.4 Cavalry

bibliography_greek_warfare (October 2011) page 2

4.5 Siege warfare and artillery 4.6 Command, intelligence and logistics 4.7 Naval wafare 4.8 Campaigns and battles 4.9 The Persian Wars

5. The fourth century

5.1 General works 5.2 Tactical innovation 5.3 Mercenaries 5.4 Siege warfare 5.5 Naval warfare 5.6 Campaigns and battles

6. Macedonia

6.1 General works 6.2 Macedonian armies 6.3 Arms and armour 6.4 Siege wafare 6.5 Naval warfare 6.6 Campaigns and battles

7. Hellenistic warfare

7.1 General works 7.2 Hellenistic armies 7.3 Developments in strategy, tactics and technology 7.4 Naval warfare 7.5 Campaigns and battles

1. General works Adcock, F.E., The Greek and Macedonian Art of War, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1957. Balcer, J.M., Sparda by the Bitter Sea: Imperial Interaction in Western Anatolia, Chico, CA: Scholars Press, 1984. Beloch, J., Griechische Geschichte, Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 1967. Briant, P. (tr. P.T. Daniels), From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002. Brodersen, K., “Heiliger Krieg und Heiliger Friede in der frühen griechischen Geschichte”, Gymnasium 98 (1991): 1-14. Burckhardt, L., Militärgeschichte der Antike, Munich: C. H. Beck, 2008.

Review by P. Baker: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-05-50.html Burrer, F. and H. Müller (edd.), Kriegskosten und Kriegsfinanzierung in der Antike, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2008.

Review by D. Colling: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-07-51.html Cameron, G.G., “The Persian Satrapies and Related Matters”, JNES 22 (1973): 47-56. Cartledge, P., Sparta and Lakonia: A Regional History, 1300-362 B.C., London: Routledge, 1979. ————, The Spartans: The World of the Warrior-Heroes of Ancient Greece, from Utopia to Crisis and Collapse, Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press, 2003.

Review by N. Humble: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-07-40.html


Cawkwell, G., The Greek Wars: The Failure of Persia, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Review by A.C. Hagedorn: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2005/2005-10-31.html

Cook, J.M., The Persian Empire, London: Dent, 1983. Chaniotis, A. and P. Ducrey (edd.), Army and Power in the Ancient World, Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 2002.

Review by P. Hunt: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2004/2004-03-26.html Curtis, J. and N. Tallis (edd.), Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.

Review by W. Messerschmidt: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-05-21.html Delbrück, H., Geschichte der Kriegskunst im Rahmen der politischen Geschichte, Vol. 1: Das Altertum3, Berlin: G. Stilke, 1920. ———— (tr. W.J. Renfroe), Warfare in Antiquity: History of the Art of War, Volume 1, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990. Ducrey, P., Le traitement des prisonniers de guerre dans la Grèce antique, Paris: Boccard, 1968. ————, Guerre et guerriers dans la Grèce antique, Paris: Payot, 1985. ———— (tr. J. Lloyd), Warfare in Ancient Greece, New York: Schocken Books, 1986. Eckstein, A.M., “Bellicosity and Anarchy: Soldiers, Warriors and Combat in Antiquity”, International History Review 27 (2005): 481-497. Epps, P.H., “Fear in Spartan Character”, CPh 28 (1933): 12-29. Fagan, G.G. and M. Trundle (edd.), New Perspectives on Ancient Warfare, Leiden: Brill, 2010.

Review by T.E. Rihl: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-12-64.html Forbes, R.J., Studies in Ancient Technology, Leiden: Brill, 1955. Gabriel, R.A, From Sumer to Rome: The Military Capabilities of Ancient Armies, New York: Greenwood Press, 1991. Garlan, Y. (tr. J. Lloyd), War in the Ancient World: A Social History, London: Chatto and Windus, 1975. Garnsey, P., Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Goodman, M.D. and A.J. Holladay, “Religious Scruples in Ancient Warfare”, CQ n.s. 36 (1986): 151-171. Green, P., Studies in Greek History, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973. Hackett, J. (ed.), Warfare in the Ancient World, London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1989. Hammond, N.G.L., “Studies in Greek Chronology of the Sixth and Fifth Centuries B.C.”, Historia 4 (1955): 371-411. ————, “The Kingdoms in Illyria circa 400-167 BC”, ABSA 61 (1966): 239-253. ————, A History of Greece to 322 B.C.2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967. Hanson, V.D., Warfare and Agriculture in Classical Greece2, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.

Review by I. Spence: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1999/1999-06-20.html ————, Makers of Ancient Strategy: From the Persian Wars to the Fall of Rome, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010.


Hodkinson, S. and A. Powell, International Sparta Seminar (5th: 2004: Université de Haute-Bretagne), Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2006. Hölscher, T., “Images of War in Greece and Rome: Between Military Practice, Public Memory and Cultural Symbolism”, JHS 93 (2003): 1-17. Hornblower, S., The Greek World, 479-323 BC. London: Routledge, 2002. Hugot, C, “Polemos : une bibliographie sur la guerre en Grèce ancienne”. http://bsa.biblio.univ-lille3.fr/polemos.htm Jackson, A.H., “Some Recent Work on the Treatment of Prisoners of War”, Talanta 2 (1970): 37-53. Keen, A., A Political History of the Lycians and their Relations with Foreign Powers, c. 545-362 B.C. (Mnemosyne supplement 178), Leiden: Brill, 1998. Keyser, P., “Errors of Calculation in Herodotus”, CJ 81 (1986): 230-242. Kiechle, F., “Zur Humanität in der Kriegführung der griechischen Staaten”, Historia 7 (1958): 129-156. Köchly, H. and W. Rüstow, Geschichte des greichischen Kriegswesens von der ältesten Zeit bis auf Pyrrhos, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 1973. Kromayer, J. and G. Veith, Heerwesen und Kriegführung der Griechen und Römer, Munich: C.H. Beck, 1928. Landels, J.G., Engineering in the Ancient World, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978. Law, H.H., “Atrocities in Greek Warfare”, CJ 15 (1919): 132-147. Lazenby, J.F., The Spartan Army, Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1985. Lewis, D.M., Sparta and Persia, Leiden: Brill, 1977. Lloyd, A.B. (ed.), Battle in Antiquity, London: Duckworth, 1996. Lonis, R., “La guerre en Grèce : 15 années de recherché 1968-1983”, REG 98 (1985): 321-379. Meidani, K.S., Αρχαική Ελλάδα και πόλεµος, Athens: A. Kardamitsa, 2010.

Review by Z. Papakonstantinou: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-10-48.html Meier, C., “Die Rolle des Krieges im klassischen Athen”, HZ 251 (1990): 555-605. Meiggs, R., Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. Montagu, J.D., Greek and Roman Warfare: Battles, Tactics and Trickery, London: Greenhill, 2006. Pritchett, W.K., The Greek State at War, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1971-1991.

Review by M.R. Christ: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1991/02.06.16.html Raaflaub, K.A. and N. Rosenstein (edd.), War and Society in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds: Asia, the Mediterranean, Europe, and Mesoamerica, Cambridge, MA: Center for Hellenic Studies, 1999.

Review by B. Eden: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2000/2000-03-02.html Raaflaub, K.A. (ed.), War and Peace in the Ancient World, Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.

Review by P. Hunt: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-01-53.html Rawlings, L., The Ancient Greeks at War, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2007.


Rich, J.W. and G. Shipley (edd.), War and Society in the Greek World, London: Routledge, 1993. Rostovtzeff, M.I., The Social and Economic History of the Hellenistic World, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1941. Sabin, P., H. van Wees and M. Whitby (edd.), The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, Cambridge: Cambridge Univerisity Press, 2007.

Review by P.C. Nadig: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-02-45.html Review by J. Levithan: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-03-46.html

Santusuosso, A., Soldiers, Citizens and the Symbols of War: From Classical Greece to Republican Rome, 500-167 B.C., Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1997. Sidebottom, H., Ancient Warfare: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. Spence, I.G., Historical Dictionary of Ancient Greek Warfare, Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2002. Tuplin, C., The Failings of Empire, Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 1993.

Review by P. Krentz: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1993/04.06.09.html ————, Achaemenid Studies, Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 1996.

Review by J.L. Beraquist: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1997/97.12.14.html Vernant, J.-P. (ed.), Problèmes de la guerre en Grèce ancienne, The Hague: Mouton, 1968. Warry, J.G., Warfare in the Classical World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons, Warriors and Warfare in the Ancient Civilisations of Greece and Rome. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2002. Wees, H. van, War and Violence in Ancient Greece, London: Duckworth, 2000.

Review by J. Lewis: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001-12-16.html ————, Greek Warfare: Myths and Realities, London: Duckworth, 2004.

Review by K.F. Daly: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2005/2005-07-66.html Wheeler, E. (ed.), The Armies of Classical Greece, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007.

Review by J. Buckler: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-12-55.html Wheeler, G., “Battlefield Epiphanies in Ancient Greece: A Survey”, Digressus 4 (2004): 1-14. http://www.digressus.org/articles/2004pp01-14-art-wheeler.pdf 2. Topography Ainsworth, W.F., “Notes upon the Comparative Geography of the Cilician and Syrian Gates”, JRGS 8 (1838): 185-195. ———— and E.H. Bunbury, “The Identification of the Pinarus with the River Piyas”, PRGS 6 (1884): 468-471. Anderson, J.K., “A Topographical and Historical Study of Achaea”, ABSA 49 (1954): 72-92. Armstrong, P., W.G. Cavanagh and G. Shipley, “Crossing the River: Observations on Routes and Bridges in Laconia from the Archaic to Byzantine Periods”, ABSA 87 (1992), 293-310. Burn, A.R., “Helikon and History: A Study in Greek Mountain Topography”, ABSA 44 (1949): 313-323. Calder, W.M., “The Royal Road in Herodotus”, CR 39 (1925): 7-11. Carpenter, R., “The Greek Penetration of the Black Sea”, AJA 52 (1948): 1-10. Curtius, E., Zur Geschichte des Wegebaus bei den Griechen, Berlin: W. Hertz, 1853.


Freitag, K., Der Golf von Korinth. Historisch-topographische Untersuchungen von der Archaik bis in das 1. Jh. v. Chr., Munich: Tuduv-Verlagsgesellschaft, 2000.

Review by E. Mackil: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001-02-10.html French, D., “Pre- and Early-Roman Roads of Asia Minor: The Persian Royal Road”, Iran 36 (1998): 15-43. Garstang, J., “The Discoveries at Mersin and their Significance”, AJA 47 (1943): 1-14. Gawlkowski, M. “Thapascus and Zeugma: The Crossing of the Euphrates in Antiquity”, Iraq 58 (1996): 123-133. Hammond, N.G.L., “The Main Road from Boeotia to the Peloponnese through the Northern Megarid”, ABSA 49 (1954): 103-122. ————, Epirus: The Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and Topography of Epirus and adjacent Areas, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967. ————, “One or Two Passes at the Cilicia-Syria Border?”, AncW 25 (1994): 15-26. Koch, H., “Die achämenidische Poststraße von Persepolis nach Susa”, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 19 (1986): 133-147. Labaree, B.W., “How the Greeks Sailed into the Black Sea”, AJA 61 (1957): 29-33. Leaf, W., “The Topography of the Scamander Valley, I” ABSA 17 (1910): 266-283. ————, “The Topography of the Scamander Valley, II” ABSA 18 (1910): 286-300. ————, “Notes on the Troad”, GJ 40 (1912): 25-45. ————, “The Military Geography of the Troad”, GJ 47 (1916): 401-416. Loring, W., “Some Ancient Routes in the Peloponnese”, JHS 15 (1890), 25-89. Maele, S. van de, “La route antique de Megare à Thèbes par le defile du Kandili”, BCH 111 (1987): 191-205. Munro, J.A.R., “Roads in Pontus, Royal and Roman”, JHS 21 (1901): 52-66. Ober, J., “Edward Clark’s Ancient Road to Marathon, AD 1801”, Hesperia 51 (1982): 453-458. Paget, R.F., “The Ancient Ports of Cumae”, JRS 58 (1968): 152-169. Pike, G., “Pre-Roman Land Transport in the Western Mediterranean Region”, Man n.s. 2 (1967): 593-605. Pritchett, W.K., Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1965-1985. Sonnabend, H. (ed.), Mensch und Landschaft in der Antike. Lexikon der historischen Geographie, Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1999.

Review by R.S. Bloch: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2000/2000-11-04.html Stroud, R. “An Ancient Fort on Mount Oneion”, Hesperia 40 (1971): 127-145. Tillard, L.B., “The Fortifications of Phokis”, ABSA 17 (1910): 54-75. Vanderpool, E., “Roads and Forts in Northwestern Attica”, CSCA 11 (1978): 227-245. Wace, A.J.B. and F.W. Hasluck, “Laconia: II. Topography”, ABSA 15 (1908): 158-176.


Washington, H.S., “Description of the Site and Walls of Plataia”, AJA 6 (1890), 452-462. Winfield, D., “The Northern Routes across Anatolia”, AS 27 (1977): 151-166. Wiseman, J.R., “The Road to Oenoe”, Hesperia 43 (1974): 535-543. 3. Bronze Age and Homeric warfare Anderson, J.K., “Homeric, British and Cyreniac Chariots”, AJA 69 (1965): 349-352. ————, “Greek Chariot-Borne and Mounted Infantry”, AJA 79 (1975): 175-187. Bassett, S.E., “On the Use of Two Spears in Homeric Warfare”, CJ 18 (1922): 104-106. Cline, E.H., “Aššuwa and the Achaeans: The ‘Mycenaean’ Sword at Hattušas and its Possible Implications”, ABSA 91 (1996): 137-151. Cohen, L., “Evidence for the Ram in the Minoan Period”, AJA 42 (1938): 486-494. Crouwel, J., Chariots and Other Means of Land Transport in Bronze Age Greece, Amsterdam: Allard Pierson Museum, 1981. Drews, R., The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe ca. 1200 B.C., Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Review by D.W.J. Gill: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1994/94.01.09.html ————, Early Riders: The Beginnings of Mounted Warfare in Asia and Europe, London: Routledge, 2004. Fortenberry, D., “Single Greaves in the Late Helladic Period”, AJA 95 (1991): 623-627. Greenhalgh, P.A.L., Early Greek Warfare: Horsemen and Chariots in the Homeric and Archaic Ages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973. Hagel, D.K. and R. Hope Simpson, Mycenaean Fortifications, Highways, Dams and Canals, Sävedalen: Paul Åströms Förlag, 2006. Hansen, O., “A Mycenaean Sword from Boğazköy-Hattusa Found in 1991”, ABSA 89 (1994): 213-215. Hertel, D., Die Mauern von Troja. Mythos und Geschichte im antiken Ilion, Munich: C.H. Beck, 2003.

Review by M. Finkelberg: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003-12-10.html Hood, M.S.F., “A Mycenaean Cavalryman”, ABSA 48 (1953): 84-93. Hurwit, J.M., “The Dipylon Shield Once More”, ClAnt 4 (1985): 121-126. King, C., “The Homeric Corslet”, AJA 74 (1970): 294-296. Leaf, W., “Notes on Homeric Armour”, JHS 4 (1883): 281-304. ———, “The Homeric Chariot”, JHS 5 (1884): 185-194. Littauer, M.A., “The Military Use of the Chariot in the Aegean in the Late Bronze Age”, AJA 76 (1972): 145-157. ———— and J. Crouwel, “Robert Drews and the Role of Chariotry in Bronze Age Greece”, OJA 15 (1996): 297-305. Osgood, R., Warfare in the Late Bronze Age of North Europe, Oxford: Archaeopress, 1998.


Parker, V., “The Dates of the Messenian Wars”, Chiron 21 (1991): 25-47. Stagakis, G., “Homeric Warfare Practices”, Historia 34 (1985): 129-152. Sutherland, C., “Archery in the Homeric Epics”, Classics Ireland 8 (2001): 111-120. Thomas, C.G. and Craig Conant, The Trojan War, Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2007.

Review by S. Bär: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-06-11.html Wees, H. van, “Leaders of Men? Military Organisation in the Iliad”, CQ n.s. 36 (1986): 285-303. ————, “The Homeric Way of War: The Iliad and the Hoplite Phalanx (I)”, G&R 2nd ser. 41 (1994): 1-18. ————, “The Homeric Way of War: The Iliad and the Hoplite Phalanx (II)”, G&R 2nd ser. 41 (1994): 131-155. 4. Hoplite warfare 4.1 Introduction and development of hoplite warfare Anderson, J.K., “Hoplites and Heresies: A Note”, JHS 104 (1984): 152. Boucher, A., “La tactique grecque à l’origine de l’histoire militaire”, REG 25 (1912): 300-312. Cartledge, P., “Hoplites and Heroes: Sparta’s Contribution to the Technique of Ancient Warfare”, JHS 97 (1977): 11-27. ————, “Review: Ancient Warfare”, International History Review 15 (1993): 323-328. Cawkwell, G., Orthodoxy and Hoplites”, CQ n.s. 39 (1989): 375-389. Connor, W.R., “Early Greek Land Warfare as Symbolic Expression”, P&P 119 (1988): 3-27. Dayton, J.C., The Athletes of War: An Evaluation of the Agonistic Elements in Greek Warfare, Toronto: Edgar Kent, 2006. Forrest, W.G., “The Date of the Lykourgan Reforms in Sparta”, Phoenix 17 (1963): 157-179. Fraser, A.D., “The Myth of the Phalanx-Scrimmage”, CW 36 (1942): 15-16. Frost, F., “The Athenian Military before Cleisthenes”, Historia 33 (1984): 283-294. Goldsworthy, A.K., “The Othismos, Myths and Heresies: The Nature of Hoplite Battle”, War in History 4 (1997): 1-26. Hallpike, C.R. and W.G. Runicman, “Greek Hoplites”, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4 (1999): 627-629. Hammond, N.G.L., “The Lycurgean Reform at Sparta”, JHS 70 (1950): 42-64. Hanson, V.D., The Western Way of War: Infantry Battle in Classical Greece, New York: Knopf, 1989. ———— (ed.), Hoplites: The Classical Greek Battle Experience, London: Routledge, 1991. Holladay, A.J., “Hoplites and Heresies”, JHS 102 (1982): 94-103. Krentz, P., “The Nature of Hoplite Battle”, CA 4 (1985): 50-61. ————, “Casualties in Hoplite Battles”, GRBS 26 (1985): 13-20. ————, “Continuing the Othismos on Othismos”, AHB 8 (1994): 45-49.


————, “Fighting by the Rules: The Invention of the Hoplite Agôn”, Hesperia 71 (2002): 23-39. Lorimer, H.L., “The Hoplite Phalanx with special Reference to the Poems of Archilochus and Tyrtaeus”, ABSA 42 (1947): 76-138. Luginbill, R.D., “Othismos: The Importance of the Mass-Shove in Hoplite Warfare”, Phoenix 48 (1994): 51-61. Luraghi, N., “Traders, Pirates, Warriors: The Proto-History of Greek Mercenary Soldiers in the Eastern Mediterranean”, Phoenix 60 (2006): 21-47. Nierhaus, R., “Eine frühgriechische Kampfform”, Jahrbuch des Deutschen Arachäologischen Instituts 53 (1938): 90-113. Nilsson, M.P., “Die Hoplitentaktik und das Staatswesen”, Klio 22 (1929): 240-249. Ridley, R.T., “The Hoplite as Citizen: Athenian Military Institutions in their Social Context”, AC 48 (1979): 508-548. Runciman, W.G., “Greek Hoplites, Warrior Culture and Indirect Bias”, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4 (1998): 731-751. Salmon, J., “Poltical Hoplites?”, JHS 97 (1977): 87-122. Santosuosso, A., Soldiers, Citizens and the Symbols of War, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1997. Schwartz, A., Reinstating the Hoplite: Arms, Armour and Phalanx Fighting in Archaic and Classical Greece, Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 2009.

Review by S. Flory: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2011/2011-02-23.html Smith, G., “Athenian Casualty Lists”, CPh 14 (1918): 361-364. Snodgrass, A.M., “The Hoplite Reform and History”, JHS 85 (1965): 110-122. ————, “The ‘Hoplite Reform’ Revisited”, DHA 19 (1993): 47-61. Wheeler, E.L., “Ephorus and the Prohibition of Missiles”, TAPhA 117 (1987): 157-182. 4.2 Arms and armour Anderson, J.K., “Hoplite Weapons and Defensive Arms” in V. Hanson (ed.), Hoplites: The Classical Greek Battle Experience, London: Routledge, 1991, pp. 15-37. Chase, G.H., “The Shield Devices of the Greeks”, HSPh 13 (1902): 61-127. Foley, V. and W. Soedel, “Ancient Catapults”, Scientific American 240:3 (March 1979): 150-160. Forster, E.S., “Dogs in Ancient Warfare”, G&R 10 (1941): 114-117. Fraser, A.D., “Xenophon and the Boeotian Helmet”, Art Bulletin 4 (1922): 99-108. Hacker, B.C., “Greek Catapults and Catapult Technology: Science, Technology and War in the Ancient World”, Technology & Culture 9 (1968): 34-50. Langdon, M.K., “Two Hoplite Runners at Sounion”, Hesperia 60 (1991): 309-312. Lavelle, B.M., “Herodotos, Skythian Archers and the doryphoroi of the Peisistratids”, Klio 74 (1992): 78-97. Lazenby, J.F. and David Whitehead, “The Myth of the Hoplite’s Hoplon”, CQ n.s. 46 (1996): 27-33.


Nefiodkin, A.K. “On the Origin of the Scythed Chariots.” Historia 53 (2004): 369-378. Schwertfeger, T. “Der Schild des Archilochos”, Chiron 12 (1982): 253-280. Snodgrass, A.M., “Carian Armourers – The Growth of a Tradition”, JHS 84 (1964): 107-118. ————, Arms and Armour of the Greeks, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1967. 4.3 Light troops and missile weapons Best, J.G.P., Thracian Peltasts and their Influence on Greek Warfare, Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969. Echols, E.C., “The Ancient Slinger”, CW 43 (1950): 227-230. Foss, C., “A Bullet of Tissaphernes”, JHS 95 (1975): 25-30. Kooi, B.W. and C.A. Bergman, “An Approach to the Study of Ancient Archery using Mathematical Modelling”, Antiquity 71 (1997): 124-134. http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb/users/kooi/kobe97.pdf Korfmann, M., “The Sling as a Weapon”, Scientific American 229:4 (October 1973): 34-42. McLeod, W., “The Range of the Ancient Bow”, Phoenix 19 (1965): 1-14. ————, “The Bowshot at Marathon”, JHS 90 (1970): 197-198. ————, “The Range of the Ancient Bow: Addenda”, Phoenix 26 (1972): 78-82. Reboreda Morillo, S., “L’Arc et les flèches en Grèce”, DHA 22:2 (1996): 9-24. Sargent, R.L., “The Use of Slaves by the Athenians in Warfare”, CPh 22 (1927): 201-212. Vigors, P.D., “Slings and Sling-Stones”, Journal of the Royal Historical & Archaeological Association of Ireland, 4th ser. 8 (1888): 357-366. Welwei, K.-W., Unfreie im antiken Kriegsdienst. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1974. 4.4 Cavalry Anderson, J.K., Ancient Greek Horsemanship, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961. Bugh, G.R., “Introduction of the Katalogeis of the Athenian Cavalry”, TAPhA 112 (1982): 23-32. ————, The Horsemen of Athens, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988. Delbrück, H., “Antike Kavallerie”, Klio 10 (1910): 335-340. Drews, R., Early Riders: The Beginnings of Mounted Warfare in Asia and Europe, London: Routledge, 2004. Evans, J.A.S., “Cavalry about the Time of the Persian Wars: A Speculative Essay”, CJ 82 (1986): 97-106. Gaebel, R.E., Cavalry Operations in the Ancient Greek World, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004.

Review by G.R. Bugh: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2002/2002-07-15.html Nefedkin, A.K., “The Tactical Development of Achaemenid Cavalry”, Gladius 26 (2006): 5-18.


Roesch, P. and R. Étienne, “Convention militaire entre les cavaliers d’Orchomène et ceux de Chéronée”, BCH 102 (1978): 359-374. Rostovtzeff, M., “Numidian Horsemen on Canosa Vases”, AJA 50 (1946): 263-267. Spence, I.G, The Cavalry of Classical Greece: A Social and Military History with particular Reference to Athens, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993. Sulimirski, T., “Les Archers à cheval, cavalerie légère des anciens”, Revue Internationale d’Histoire Militaire 3 (1952): 447-461. Vasić, R., “Some Observations on Euphranor’s Cavalry Battle”, AJA 83 (1979): 345-349. Worley, L., Hippeis: The Cavalry of Ancient Greece, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994. 4.5 Siege warfare and artillery Alexander, L., “The Origin of Greek and Roman Artillery”, CJ 41 (1946): 208-212. Conwell, D.H., Connecting a City to the Sea: The History of the Athenian Long Walls, Leiden: Brill, 2008. Garlan, Y., Recherches de poliorcetique grecque, Paris: Boccard, 1974. Landels, J.G., “Ship-Shape and Sambuca-Fashion”, JHS 86 (1966): 69-77. Lawrence, A.W., Greek Aims in Fortification, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979. McLeod, W.E., “Boudoron, an Athenian Fort on Salamis”, Hesperia 29 (1960): 316-323. Marsden, E.W., Greek and Roman Artillery: Historical Development, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969. ————, Greek and Roman Artillery: Technical Treatises, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971. Özyiğit, Ö., “The City Walls of Phokaia”, REA 96 (1994): 77-96. Roller, D.W., “The Date of the Walls at Tanagra”, Hesperia 43 (1974): 260-263. Winter, F.E., Greek Fortifications, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1971. 4.6 Command, intelligence and logistics Anderson, J.K., “Cleon’s Orders at Amphipolis”, JHS 85 (1965): 1-4. Bertosa, B., “The Supply of Hoplite Equipment by the Athenian State down to the Lamian War”, Journal of Military History 67 (2003): 361-379. Boëldieu-Trevet, J., Commander dans le monde grec au Ve siècle avant notre ère, Besançon: Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2007. Burford, A., “Heavy Transport in Classical Antiquity”, Economic History Review 2nd ser. 13 (1960): 1-18. Fornara, C.W., The Athenian Board of Generals from 501 to 404, Wiesbaden: F. Steiner, 1971. Hamel, D., Athenian Generals: Military Authority in the Classical Period, Leiden: Brill, 1998.

Review by L. Mitchell: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1998/1998-09-11.html


Hammond, N.G.L., “Strategia and Hegemonia in Fifth-Century Athens”, CQ n.s. 19 (1969): 111-144. ————, “Army Transport in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries”, GRBS 24 (1983): 27-31. Hutchinson, G., Attrition: Aspects of Command in the Peloponnesian War, Stroud: Spellmount, 2006. Meritt, B.D., “The Election of Athenian Generals”, Klio 52 (1970): 277-282. Roisman, J., The General Demosthenes and his Use of Military Surprise, Wiesbaden: F. Steiner, 1993. Russell, F.S., Information Gathering in Classical Greece, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999.

Review by S. Lewis: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2000/2000-07-15.html Sarikakis, T.C., The Hoplite General in Ancient Times: A Prosopography, Chicago: Ares Publishers, 1976. Vannier, F., “Les Finances de guerre d’Athènes”, DHA 10 (1984): 427-429. Westerman, W.L., “On Inland Transportation and Communication in Antiquity”, Political Science Quarterly 43 (1928), 364-387. Wylie, G., “Brasidas: Great Commander or Whiz-Kid?”, QUCC ser. 2, 41 (1992): 75-96. ————, “Demosthenes the General: Protagonist in a Greek Tragedy?”, G&R 2nd ser. 40 (1993): 20-30. 4.7 Naval warfare Basch, L., “Phoenician Oared Ships”, Mariner’s Mirror 55 (1969): 139-162, 227-245. ————, “M. le Professeur Lloyd et les trières : quelques remarques”, JHS 100 (1980): 198-199. Blackman, D., “The Athenian Navy and Allied Contributions in the Pentecontaetia”, GRBS 10 (1969): 179-216. Breitenbach, H.R. “Die Seeschlacht bei Notion 407/6”, Historia 20 (1971): 152-171. Brewster, F., “The Arrangement of Oars in the Trireme”, HSCPh 44 (1933): 205-225. Burn, A.R., “Greek Sea-Power, 776-540 B.C., and the ‘Carian’ Entry in the Eusebian Thalassocracy-List”, JHS 47 (1927): 167-177. Casson, L., “Hemiola and Tremiola”, JHS 78 (1958): 14-18. ————, “Galley Slaves”, TAPhA 97 (1966): 35-44. ————, “The Emergency Rig of Ancient Warships”, TAPhA 98 (1967): 43-48. ————, The Ancient Mariners: Sea Farers and Sea Fighters of Ancient Times2, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.

Review by F. Weiskittel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1992/03.01.04.html Charles, J.F., “The Marines of Athens”, CJ 44 (1948): 181-188. Cook, A.B. and W. Richardson, “Triremes”, CR 19 (1905): 371-377. Davison, J.A., “The First Greek Triremes”, CQ 41 (1947): 18-24. Foley, V., “Ancient Oared Warships”, Scientific American 244:4 (April 1981): 148-183.


Gomme, A.W. “A Forgotten Factor in Greek Naval Strategy”, JHS 53 (1933); 16-24. Graham, A.J., “Thucydides 7.13.2 and the Crews of Athenian Triremes”, TAPhA 122 (1992): 257-270. ————, “Thucydides 7.13.2 and the Crews of Athenian Triremes: An Addendum”, TAPhA 128 (1998): 89-114. Haas, C.J., “Athenian Naval Power before Themistocles”, Historia 34 (1985): 29-46. Hale, J.R., Lords of the Sea: The Epic Story of the Athenian Navy and the Birth of Democracy, New York: Viking, 2009.

Review by J. Lewis: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-01-57.html Harrison, C.M., “Triremes at Rest: On the Beach or in the Water?”, JHS 119 (1999): 168-171. Holladay, A.J., “Further Thoughts on Trireme Tactics”, G&R 2nd ser. 35 (1988): 149-151. Howan, V., “The Mystery Fleet of Xenophon, Hellenica 4.6.14”, Scholia n.s. 14 (2005): 18-33. Hyde, W.W., Ancient Greek Mariners, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1947. Johnson, A.C. “Ancient Forests and Navies”, TAPhA 58 (1927): 199-209. Jordan, B., The Athenian Navy in the Classical Period, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975. Kallett-Marx, L., Money, Expense and Naval Power in Thucydides’ History 1-5.24. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. Lazenby, J.F., “Naval Warfare in the Ancient World: Myths and Realities”, International History Review 9 (1987): 438-455. ————, “The diekplous”, G&R 2nd ser. 34 (1987): 169-177. Lewis, D.M., “The Phoenician Fleet in 411”, Historia 7 (1958): 392-397. Lloyd, A.B., “M. Basch on Triremes: Some Observations”, JHS 100 (1980): 195-198. MacDonald, B.R., “The Diolkos”, JHS 106 (1986): 191-195. Meijer, F., A History of Seafaring in the Classical World, London: Croom Helm, 1986. ————, “Thucydides 1.13.2-4 and the Change in Greek Shipbuilding”, Historia 37 (1988): 461-463. Morrison, J.S., “The Greek Trireme”, Mariner’s Mirror 27 (1941): 14-44. ————, “Notes on Certain Greek Nautical Terms”, CQ 41 (1947): 122-135. ———— and R.T. Williams, Greek Oared Ships, 900-322 B.C., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968. ————, “Hemiola, Tremiola”, Int. J. of Nautical Archaeology 9 (1980): 121-126. ————, Long Ships and Round Ships: Warfare and Trade in the Mediterranean, 3000 BC – 500 AD, London: HMSO, 1980. ————, “Hyperesia in Naval Contexts in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BC”, JHS 104 (1984): 48-59. ———— and J.F. Coates, The Athenian Trireme: The History and Reconstruction of an Ancient Greek Warship, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. ————, An Athenian Trireme Reconstructed: The Sea Trials of Olympias, 1987, Oxford: B.A.R., 1989.


————, “Tetrereis in the Fleets of Dionysius I of Syracuse”, C&M 41 (1990): 33-41. ————, “The Greek Ships at Salamis and the Diekplous”, JHS 111 (1991): 196-200. ————, J.F. Coates and N.B. Rankov, The Athenian Trireme, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Murray, W., “The Weight of Trireme Rams and the Price of Bronze in Fourth-Century Athens”, GRBS 26 (1985): 141-150. Nelson, R., Warfleets of Antiquity, Goring-by-Sea: Wargames Research Group, 1973. Plumpe, J.C., “Ancient Convoying”, CW 36 (1942): 39-45. Rodgers, W.L., Greek and Roman Naval Warfare, Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute Press, 1937. Rougé, J. (tr. S. Frazer), Ships and Fleets of the Ancient Mediterranean, Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1981. Shepard, A., Sea Power in Ancient History, Boston: Little, Brown, 1924. Starr, C.G., “The Ancient Warship”, CPh 32 (1940): 353-374. ————, The Influence of Sea Power on Ancient History, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Tarn, W.W., “The Greek Warship”, JHS 25 (1905): 137-156, 204-224. ————, “Thranite, Zugite and Thalamite”, CR 20 (1906): 75-77. ————, “Fleet-Speeds: A Reply to Dr. Grundy”, CR 23 (1909): 184-186. Torr, C., The Ancient Ships, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1897. Wallinga, H.T., “The Ancient Persian Navy and its Predecessors” in A. Kuhrt and H. Sancisi-Weerdenburg (edd.), Achaemenid History I, Leiden: Brill, 1987, pp. 47-78. ————, “The Trireme and History”, Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 43 (1990): 132-149. ————, Ships and Sea-Power before the Great Persian War: The Ancestry of the Ancient Trireme (Mnemosyne Supplement 121), Leiden: Brill, 1993. Whitehead, I., “The periplous”, G&R 2nd ser. 34 (1987): 178-185. Williams, R.T., “Ships in Greek Vase-Painting”, G&R 18 (1949): 126-137. ————, “Early Greek Ships of Two Levels”, JHS 78 (1958): 121-130. 4.8 Campaigns and battles Austin, M.M., “Greek Tyrants and the Persians: 545-479 B.C.”, CQ n.s. 40 (1990): 289-306. Bagnall, N., The Peloponnesian War: Athens, Sparta and the Struggle for Greece, New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2006. Balcer, J.M., “The Date of Herodotus IV.1, Darius’ Scythian Expedition”, HSPh 76 (1972): 99-132. Barns, J., “Cimon and the First Athenian Expedition to Cyprus”, Historia 2 (1953): 163-176. Bauslaugh, R.A., “The Text of Thucydides IV 8.6 and the South Channel at Pylos”, JHS 99 (1979): 1-6.


Bicknell, P.J., “The Date of the Battle of the Sagra River”, Phoenix 20 (1966): 294-301. Bigwood, J.M., “Ctesias’ Account of the Revolt of Inarus”, Phoenix 30 (1976): 1-25. Bosworth, A.B., “Athens’ First Intervention in Sicily: Thucydides and the Sicilian Tradition”, CQ n.s. 42 (1992): 46-55. Bradeen, D. “The Athenian Casualty Lists”, CQ n.s. 19 (1969): 145-159. Bury, J.B., “The European Expedition of Darius”, CR 11 (1897): 277-282. Cameron, G.G., “Darius, Egypt and the ‘Lands beyond the Sea’”, JNES 2 (1943): 307-313. Caspari, M.O.B., “On the Egyptian Expedition of 459-4 B.C.”, CQ 7 (1913): 198-201. De Souza, P., The Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C., London: Routledge, 2003. Dow, S., “Thucydides and the Number of Acharnian Hoplitai”, TAPhA 92 (1961): 66-80. Edson, C., “Strepsa (Thucydides 1.61.4)”, CPh 50 (1955): 169-190. Ehrhardt, C., “Xenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotami”, Phoenix 24 (1970), 225-228. Evans, J.A.S., “Note on Militiades’ Capture of Lemnos”, CPh 58 (1963): 168-170. Falkner, C., “Sparta and the Elean War, ca 401/400 B.C.: Revenge or Imperialism?”, Phoenix 50 (1996): 17-25. ————, “Sparta and Lepreon in the Archidamian War (Thuc. 5.31.2-5)”, Historia 48 (1999): 385-394. Fawcus, G.E., “The Athenian Army in 431 B.C.”, JHS 29 (1909): 23-28. Figueira, T.J., “The Chronology of the Conflict between Athens and Aegina in Herodotus Bk. 6”, QUCC n.s. 28 (1988): 49-89. Frost, F.J., “Solon and Salamis, Peisistratos and Nisaia”, AncW 30 (1999): 133-139. Gardiner-Garden, J.R., “Dareios’ Scythian Expedition and its Aftermath”, Klio 69 (1987): 326-350. Gehman, H.S., “The Use of Interpreters by the Ten Thousand and by Alexander”, CW 8 (1914): 9-14. Geske, N., Nikias und das Volk von Athen im Archidamischen Krieg, Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 2005.

Review by E. Foster: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-05-32.html Gomme, A.W., “The Athenian Hoplite Force in 431 B.C.”, CQ 21 (1927): 142-150. Hammond, N.G.L., “Naval Operations in the South Channel of Corcyra 435-433 B.C.”, JHS 65 (1945): 26-37. ————, “The Origins and Nature of the Athenian Alliance of 478/7 BC”, JHS 87 (1967): 41-61. Hansen, M.H., “The Number of Athenian Hoplites in 431 BC”, SO 56 (1981): 19-32. Hanson, V.D., A War Like No Other: How the Athenians and Spartans Fought the Peloponnesian War, New York: Random House, 2005.

Review by S. Flory: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-03-40.html Harmatta, J. “Darius’ Expedition against the Saka Tigraxaudā”, AAntHung 25 (1976): 15-24. Henderson, B.W., The Great War Between Athens and Sparta: A Companion to the Military History of Thucydides, London: Macmillan, 1927.


Hendricks, I.H.M., “The Battle of Sepeia”, Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 33 (1980): 340-346. Holladay, A.J., “The Hellenic Disaster in Egypt”, JHS 109 (1989): 176-182. Jones, N., “The Topography and Strategy of the Battle of Amphipolis in 422 B.C.”, CSCA 10 (1977), 71-104. Jordan, B.,“The Sicilian Expedition Was a Potemkin Fleet”, CQ n.s. 50 (2000): 63-79. Judeich, W., “Die Schlacht bei Oinoe”, HZ 152 (1935): 301-307. Kagan, D., The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1969. ————, The Archidamian War, Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univesity Press, 1974. ————, The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1981. ————, The Fall of the Athenian Empire, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1987. ————, The Peloponnesian War, New York: Viking, 2003. Keaveney, A., “The Attack on Naxos: A ‘Forgotten Cause’ of the Ionian Revolt”, CQ n.s. 38 (1988): 76-81. Keen, A.G., “Athenian Campaigns in Karia and Lykia during the Peloponnesian War”, JHS 113 (1993): 152-157. Kelly, T., “Did the Argives Defeat the Spartans at Hysiae in 669 B.C.?”, AJPh 91 (1970): 31-42. Kothe, H., “Der Skythenbegriff bei Herodot”, Klio 51 (1969): 15-88. Krentz, P., “Athenian Politics and Strategy after Kyzikos”, CJ 84 (1989): 206-215. Lanzillotta, E., “La battaglia di Nozio”, Miscellanea greca e romana 4 (1975): 135-161. Lateiner, D., “Tissaphernes and the Phoenician Fleet (Thucydides 8.87)”, TAPhA 106 (1976): 267-290. Lazenby, J.F., The Peloponnesian War: A Military Study, London: Routledge, 2004. Leahy, D.M., “The Spartan Defeat at Orchomenus”, Phoenix 12 (1958): 141-165. Littman, R.J., “The Strategy of the Battle of Cyzicus”, TAPhA 99 (1968): 265-272. Losada, L.A., The Fifth Column in the Peloponnesian War, Leiden: Brill, 1970. Luginbill, R.D., “Thucydides’ Evaluation of the Sicilian Expedition: 2.65.11”, AncW 28 (1997): 127-132. McCann, D.R., and B.S. Strauss (edd.), War and Democracy. A Comparative Study of the Korean War and the Peloponnesian War, London: M.E. Sharpe, 2001.

Review by P. Low: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001-11-20.html Momigliano, A.D., “Dalla spedizione scitica de Filippo alla spedizione scitica di Dario”, Athenaeum n.s. 11 (1933): 336-359. Morpeth, N., Thucydides’ War: Accounting for the Faces of Battle, Hildesheim: Olms, 2006.

Review by J. Lewis: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2007/2007-03-26.html Moscati Castelnuovo, L., “Sparta e le tradizioni crotoniati e locresi sulla battaglia della Sagra”, QUCC n.s. 51 (1995): 141-163.


Myres, J., “The Battle of Lade, 494 B.C. (Herodotus vi.6-17)”, G&R 2nd ser. 1 (1954): 50-55. Paradiso, A. and J. Roy, “Lepreon and Phyrkos in 421-420”, Klio 90 (2008): 27-35. Parker, S.T., “The Objectives and Strategy of Cimon’s Expedition to Cyprus”, AJPh 97 (1976): 30-38. Pritchett, W.K., “The Battle of Delion in 424 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 24-36. ————, “The Battles of Mantineia (418, 362 and 207 B.C.)” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 37-72. ————, “The Woodheadian Interpretation of Kleon’s Amphipolitan Campaign”, Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 26 (1973): 376-386. Robinson, E.W., “Thucydidean Sieges, Prosopitis, and the Hellenic Disaster in Egypt”, ClAnt 18 (1999): 132-152. Rubincam, C., “Casualty Figures in Thucydides’ Descriptions of Battle”, TAPhA 121 (1991): 181-198. Ste. Croix, G.E.M. de, The Origins of the Peloponnesian War, Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univeristy Press, 1972. Spence, I.G., “Athenian Cavalry Numbers in the Peloponnesian War: IG I3 374 Revisited”, ZPE 67 (1987): 167-175. ————, “Perikles and the Defence of Attika during the Peloponnesian War”, JHS 110 (1990): 91-109. Strauss, B.S., “Aegospotami Reexamined”, AJPh 104 (1983): 24-35. ————, “A Note on the Topography and Tactics of the Battle of Aegospotami”, AJPh 108 (1987): 741-745. Stroud, R.S., “Thucydides and the Battle of Solygeia”, CSCA 4 (1971): 227-247. Stockton, D., “The Peace of Callias. Appendix: On the ‘Peace’ of 423”, Historia 8 (1959): 74-79. Strassler, R.B., “The Harbor at Pylos, 425 BC”, JHS 108 (1988): 198-203. Stroheker, K.F., “Die Karthagergesandtschaft in Athen 406 v. Chr.”, Historia 3 (1954): 163-171. Stylianou, P.J., “How Many Naval Squadrons did Athens Send to Evagoras?”, Historia 37 (1988): 463-471. Thompson, W.E., “Three Thousand Archanian Hoplites”, Historia 13 (1964): 400-413. Tritle, L.A., The Peloponnesian War, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004. ————, A New History of the Peloponnesian War, Oxford: Blackwell, 2010.

Review by K. Mason: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-12-48.html Tuplin, C., “Lysias XIX, the Cypriot War and Thrasybulus’ Naval Expedition”, Philologus 127 (1983): 170-186. ————, “Military Engagements in Xenophon’s Hellenica” in I.S Moxon, J.D. Smart and A.J. Woodman (edd.), Past Perspectives: Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986, pp. 37-66. ————, “Revisiting the Scythian Expedition”, (2008). http://www.pontos.dk/publications/papers-presented-orally/oral-files/tup

————, “Revisiting Darieos’ Scythian Expedition” in J. Neiling and E. Rehm (edd.), Achaemenid Impact in the Black Sea: Communication of Powers, Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 2010, pp. 281-312. http://www.pontos.dk/publications/books/bss-11-files/bss-11-tuplin

Unz, R.K., “The Chronology of the Pentekontaetia”, CQ n.s. 36 (1986): 68-85.


Watkin, H.J., “The Cypriote Surrender to Persia”, JHS 107 (1987): 154-163. West, A.B., “Thucydides V,18,5: Where was Skolos (Stolos)?”, AJPh 58 (1937): 157-173. Westlake, H.D., “Seaborne Raids in Periclean Strategy”, CQ 39 (1945): 75-84. ————, “Thucydides and the Athenian Disaster in Egypt”, CPh 45 (1950): 209-216. ————, “Tissaphernes in Thucydides”, CQ n.s. 35 (1985): 43-54. Wilson, J.B. and T. Beardsworth, “Bad Weather and the Blockade at Pylos”, Phoenix 24 (1970): 112-118. ————, “Pylos 425 B.C.: The Spartan Plan to Block the Entrances”, CQ n.s. 20 (1970): 42-52. Wilson, J.B., Pylos 425 B.C.: A Historical and Topographical Study of Thucydides’ Account of the Campaign, Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1979. ————, “Strategy and Tactics in the Mytilene Campaign”, Historia 30 (1981): 144-163. Woodhouse, W.J., The Campaign of Mantineia in 418 BC, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1918. Zahrnt, M., “Die Schlacht bei Himera und die sizilische Historiographie”, Chiron 23 (1993): 353-390. 4.9 The Persian Wars Albertz, A., Exemplarisches Heldentum. Die Rezeptionsgeschichte der Schlacht an den Thermopylen von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, Munich: Oldenbourg, 2006. Avery, H.C., “Herodotus 6.112.2”, TAPhA 103 (1972): 15-22. Baillie Reynolds, P.K., “The Shield Signal at the Battle of Marathon”, JHS 49 (1929): 100-105. Balcer, J.M., “The Persian Wars against Greece: A Reassessment”, Historia 38 (1989): 127-143. ————, “The Liberation of Ionia: 478 B.C.”, Historia 46 (1997): 374-377. Bowen, A., “The Place that Beached a Thousand Ships”, CQ n.s. 48 (1998): 345-364. Burn, A.R., “Hammond on Marathon: A Few Notes”, JHS 89 (1969): 118-120. ————, Persia and the Greeks: The Defence of the West, c. 546-478 B.C.2, London: Duckworth, 1984. Bury, J.B., “Aristides at Salamis”, CR 10 (1896): 414-418. ————, “The European Expedition of Darius”, CR 11 (1897): 277-282. Cartledge, P., Thermopylae: The Battle that Changed the World, Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press, 2006.

Review by N. Humble: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-07-40.html Caspari, M.O.B., “Stray Notes on the Persian Wars”, JHS 30 (1911): 100-109. Casson, S., “The Persian Expedition to Delphi” CR 28 (1914): 145-141. Castritius, H., “Die Okkupation Thrakiens durch die Perser und der Sturz des athenischen Tyrannen Hippias”, Chiron 2 (1972): 1-15.


Cawkwell, G., “The Peace between Athens and Persia”, Phoenix 51 (1997): 115-130. Clark, R.T., “The Campaign of Plataiai”, CPh 12 (1917): 30-48. Delbrück, H., “Neues aus Marathon”, HZ 65 (1890): 465-468. De Souza, P., The Greek and Persian Wars 499-386 B.C., London: Routledge, 2003. Doenges, N.A., “The Campaign and Battle of Marathon”, Historia 47 (1998): 1-17. Donlan, W. and J. Thompson, “The Charge at Marathon: Herodotus 6:112”, CJ 71 (1976): 339-343. ————, “The Charge at Marathon Again”, CW 72 (1979): 419-420. Duncker, M., “Die Schlacht von Marathon”, HZ 46 (1881): 231-253. Eddy, S.K., “The Cold War between Athens and Persia c. 448-412 BC”, CPh 68 (1973), 241-258. Elayi, J., “The Role of the Phoenician Kings at the Battle of Salamis (480 B.C.E.)”, JAOS 126 (2006): 411-418. Euben, J.P., “The Battle of Salamis and the Origins of Political Theory”, Political Theory 14 (1986): 359-390. Evans, J.A.S., “Notes on Thermopylae and Artemisium”, Historia 18 (1969): 389-406. ————, “Herodotus and the Battle of Marathon”, Historia 42 (1993): 279-307. Ferrill, A., “Herodotus and the Strategy and Tactics of the Invasion of Xerxes”, AHR, 72 (1966): 102-115. Flower, M.A., “Simonides, Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Thermopylae”, CQ n.s. 48 (1998): 365-379. Fornara, C.W., “The Hoplite Achievement at Psyttaleia”, JHS 86 (1966): 51-54. Georges, P.B., “Saving Herodotus’ Phenomena: The Oracles and the Events of 480 B.C.”, ClAnt 5 (1986): 14-59. Gillis, D., Collaboration with the Persians, Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1979. Goodwin, W.W., “The Battle of Salamis”, HSCPh 17 (1906): 74-101. Graham, A.J., “Themistocles' Speech before Salamis: The Interpretation of Herodotus 8.83.1”, CQ n.s. 46 (1996): 321-326. Grant, J.R., “Leonidas’ Last Stand”, Phoenix 15 (1961): 14-27. Green, P., Armada from Athens, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1970. ————, The Year of Salamis, 480-479 B.C., London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970. ————, “The Extent of Persian Occupation in Thrace”, Chiron 10 (1980): 53-61. ————, The Greco-Persian Wars, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. Grundy, G.B., The Great Persian War and its Preliminaries: A Study of the Evidence, Literary and Topographical. London: J. Murray, 1901.

Hammond, N.G.L., “The Battle of Salamis”, JHS 76 (1976): 32-54.

————, “The Campaign and Battle of Marathon”, JHS 88 (1968): 13-57. ———— and L.J. Roseman, “The Construction of Xerxes’ Bridge over the Hellespont.” JHS 116 (1996): 88-107.


————, “Sparta at Thermopylae”, Historia 45 (1996): 1-20. Hands, A.R., “On Strategy and Oracles, 480/79”, JHS 85 (1965): 56-61. Harrison, T., “The Persian Invasions” in Bakker, E.J., I.J.F. de Jong and H. van Wees (edd.), Brill’s Companion to Herodotus, Leiden: Brill, 2002, pp. 551-578. Head, D., “Xerxes’ Army in Greece, 480-479 BC”, Slingshot 181 (1985): 12-20. Hignett, C., Xerxes’ Invasion of Greece, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963. Hodge, A.T., “Marathon to Phaleron”, JHS 95 (1975): 169-171. ————, “Marathon: The Persians’ Voyage”, TAPhA 105 (1975): 155-173. ————, “Reflections on the Shield at Marathon”, ABSA 96 (2001): 237-259. How, W.W., “Cornelius Nepos on Marathon and Paros”, JHS 39 (1919): 48-61. ————, “Arms, Tactics and Strategy in the Persian War”, JHS 43 (1923): 117-132. Hudson, H.G., “The Shield Signal at Marathon”, AHR 42 (1937): 443-459. Hunt, P., “Helots at the Battle of Plataea”, Historia 46 (1997): 129-144. Instinsky, H.U., “Herodot und der Erste Zug des Mardionios gegen Griechenland”, Hermes 84 (1956): 477-494. Isserlin, B.S.J., “The Canal of Xerxes: Facts and Problems”, ABSA 86 (1991): 83-91. ———— et al., “The Canal of Xerxes on the Mount Athos Peninsula: Preliminary Investigations in 1991-2”, ABSA 89 (1994): 277-284. ———— et al., “The Canal of Xerxes: Summary of Investigations 1991-2001”, ABSA 98 (2003): 369-385. Jameson, M.H., “Waiting for the Barbarian: New Light on the Persian Wars”, G&R 2nd ser. 8 (1961): 5-18. Jordan, B., “The Honors for Themistocles after Salamis”, AJPh 109 (1988): 547-571. Judeich, W., “Griechische Politik und persische Politik im V. Jahrhundert v. Chr.”, Hermes 58 (1923): 1-19. Jung, M., Marathon und Plataiai. Zwei Perserschlachten als “lieux de mémoire” im Antiken Griechenland, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2006. Kahrstedt, U., “Nachlese auf griechischen Schlachtfeldern”, Hermes 48 (1913): 283-291. Karavites, P., “Realities and Appearances, 490-480 B.C.”, Historia 26 (1977): 129-147. Krentz, Peter, The Battle of Marathon, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010. Kromayer, J., Drei Schlachten aus dem griechisch-römischen Altertum, Leipzig: Teubner, 1921. Lazenby, J.F., “The Strategy of the Greeks in the Opening Campaign of the Persian War”, Hermes 92 (1964): 264-284. ————, The Defence of Greece 490-479 B.C., Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1993. Loader, W.R., “Questions about Marathon”, G&R 16 (1947): 17-22.


Marg, W., “Zur Strategie der Schlacht von Salamis”, Hermes 90 (1962): 116-119. Maurice, F., “The Size of the Army of Xerxes in the Invasion of Greece 480 B.C.”, JHS 50 (1930): 210-235. ————, “The Campaign of Marathon”, JHS 52 (1932): 13-24. ————, “The Campaign of Marathon”, JHS 54 (1934): 205-206. Meister, K. “Das persisch-karthagische Bündnis von 481 v. Chr. (Bengtson, Staatsverträge II nr. 129)”, Historia 19 (1970): 607-612. Müller, D., “Von Kritalla nach Doriskos. Die Persische Königsstraße und der Marschweg des Xerxesheeres in Kleinasien”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 44 (1994): 17-38. Munro, J.A.H., “Some Observations on the Persian Wars”, JHS 22 (1902): 294-332. ————, “Some Observations on the Persian Wars (Continued)”, JHS 24 (1904): 144-165. Nelson, R., Armies of the Greek and Persian Wars, Goring-by-Sea: Wargames Research Group, 1975. Notopoulos, J.A., “The Slaves at the Battle of Marathon”, AJPh 62 (1941): 352-354. Olmstead, A.T., “Persia and the Greek Frontier Problem”, CPh 34 (1939): 305-322. Plumpe, J.C., “Cyrus the Younger and the Size of Xerxes’ Army”, CJ 33 (1938): 422-425. Pritchett, W.K., “New Light on Plataia”, AJA 61 (1957): 9-28. ————, “New Light on Thermopylai”, AJA 62 (1958): 203-213. ————, “Toward a Restudy of the Battle of Salamis”, AJA 63 (1959): 251-262 ————, Marathon, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1960. ————, “Xerxes’ Route over Mount Olympos”, AJA 65 (1961): 369-375. ————, “Xerxes’ Fleet at the ‘Ovens’”, AJA 67 (1963): 1-6. ————, “Deme of Marathon: Von Eschenburg’s Evidence” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 1-11. ————, “The Battle of Artemision in 480 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 12-18. ————, “The Hollows of Euboia” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 19-23. Ramsay, W.M. “Military Operations on the North Front of Mount Taurus”, JHS 40 (1920): 89-112. Raubitschek, A.E., “The Covenant of Plataea”, TAPhA 91 (1960): 178-183. ————, “The Treaties between Persia and Athens”, GRBS 5 (1964): 151-159. Robertson, N. “The Thessalian Expedition of 480 BC”, JHS 96 (1976): 100-120. Sacks, K.S., “Herodotus and the Dating of the Battle of Thermopylae”, CQ n.s. 26 (1976): 232-248. Schachermeyr, F., “Marathon und die Persische Politik”, HZ 172 (1951): 1-35.


Schreiner, J.H., Two Battles and Two Bills: Marathon and the Athenian Fleet, Oslo: University of Oslo, 2004.

Review by J. Buckler: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-02-38.html Sealey, R., “Again the Siege of the Acropolis, 480 B.C.”, CSCA 5 (1972): 183-194. ————, “The Pit and the Well: The Persian Heralds of 491 B.C.”, CJ 72 (1976): 13-20. Shrimpton, G., “The Persian Cavalry at Marathon”, Phoenix 34 (1980): 20-37. Sidebotham, S., “Herodotus on Artemisum”, CW 75 (1982): 177-186. Simpson, R.H., “Leonidas’ Decision”, Phoenix 26 (1972): 1-11. Starr, C.G., “Why did the Greeks Defeat the Persians?”, PP 17 (1962): 321-329. Strauss, B.S., Salamis: The Greatest Battle of the Ancient World, 480 B.C., London: Hutchinson, 2004. ————, The Battle of Salamis: The Naval Encounter that Saved Greece – and Western Civilization, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004.

Review by J. Lewis: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2004/2004-07-68.html Szemler, C.J., W.J. Cherf and J.C. Kraft, Themoplylai: Myth and Reality in 480 BC, Chicago: Ares Publishers, 1996. Tarn, W.W., “The Fleet of Xerxes”, JHS 28 (1908): 202-233. Tuplin, C., “Xerxes’ March from Doriscus to Therme”, Historia 52 (2003): 385-409. Vanderpool, E., “A Monument to the Battle of Marathon”, Hesperia 35 (1966): 93-106. Veer, J.A.G. van der, “The Battle of Marathon: A Topographical Survey” Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 35 (1982): 290-321. Wallace, P.W., “The Anopaia Path at Thermopylai”, AJA 84 (1980): 15-23. ————, “The Final Battle at Plataia”, Hesperia Supplement 19 (1982): 183-192. Wallace, W.P., “Kleomenes, Marathon, the Helots and Arkadia”, JHS 74 (1954): 32-35. Wallinga, H.T., Xerxes’ Greek Adventure: The Naval Perspective (Mnemosyne supplement 264), Leiden: Brill, 2005.

Review by D. Potter: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-03-29.html Wardman, A.E., “Tactics and the Tradition of the Persian Wars”, Historia 8 (1959): 49-60. Weissenberger, M., “Die persische Friedensangebot an Athen. Umdatierung und Wertung eines historischen Faktums bei den Redern des 4. Jhs.”, Hermes 124 (1996): 418-424. West, W.C., III, “The Trophies of the Persian Wars”, CPh 64 (1969): 7-19. Whatley, N., “On the Possibility of Reconstructing Marathon and Other Ancient Battles”, JHS 84 (1964): 119-139. Wheeler, B.I., “Herodotus’ Account of the Battle of Salamis”, TAPhA 33 (1902): 127-138. Will, W., Die Perserkriege, Munich: C. H. Beck, 2010. Young, T.C., Jr., “480/479 B.C. – A Persian Perspective”, IA 15 (1980): 213-239. 5. The fourth century


5.1 General works Anderson, J.K., Military Theory and Practice in the Age of Xenophon, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970. Cartledge, P., Agesilaos and the Crisis of Sparta, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987. Gomme, A.W., “The Population of Athens Again”, JHS 79 (1959): 61-68. Gray, V.J., “The Years 375 to 371 BC: A Case Study in the Reliability of Diodorus Siculus and Xenophon”, CQ n.s. 30 (1980) 306-326. Proietti, G., Xenophon’s Sparta: An Introduction, Leiden: Brill, 1987. Salmon, P., “L’Armée fédérale des Béotiens”, AC 22 (1953): 347-360. Sekunda, N.V., “Athenian Demography and Military Strength 338-322 B.C.”, ABSA 87 (1992): 311-355. 5.2 Tactical innovation Anderson, J. K., “Xenophon Respublica Lacaedaemoniorum 1.11.10”, CPh 59 (1964): 175-178. Bauer, A., “Die zweimalige Angriff des Epameinondas auf Sparta”, HZ 65 (1890), 240-274. Best, J.G.P., Thracian Peltasts and their Influence on Greek Warfare, Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969. Buckler, J., “Epameinondas and the Embolon”, Phoenix 39 (1985): 134-143. Christ, M.R., “Conscription of Hoplites in Classical Athens”, CQ n.s. 51 (2001): 398-422. Christesen, P., “Xenophon’s Cyropaedia and Military Reform in Sparta”, JHS 126 (2006): 47-65. Devine, A.M., “EMBOΛON: A Study in Tactical Terminology”, Phoenix 37 (1983): 201-217. DeVoto, J.G., “The Theban Sacred Band”, AncW 23 (1992): 3-19. Hanson, V.D., “Epameinondas, the Battle of Leuktra (371 BC) and the ‘Revolution’ in Greek Battle Tactics”, CA 7 (1988): 190-207. Lévêque, P. and P. Vidal-Naquet, “Épaminondas pythagoricien ou le problème tactique de la droite et de la gauche”, Historia 9 (1960): 294-308. Sekunda, N.V., “Some Notes on the Life of Datames”, Iran 26 (1988): 35-53. Syme, R., “The Cadusians in History and Fiction”, JHS 108 (1988), 137-150. Westlake, H.D., “Xenophon and Epaminondas”, GRBS 16 (1975): 23-40. Wheeler, E.L., “The Hoplomachoi and Vegetius’ Spartan Drillmasters”, Chiron 13 (1983): 1-20. ————, Stratagem and the Vocabulary of Military Trickery, Leiden: Brill, 1988. 5.3 Mercenaries Aupperle, K.E., “Spontaneous Organizational Reconfiguration: A Historical Example based on Xenophon’s Anabasis”, Organization Science 7 (1996): 445-460.


Cook, M.L., “Timokrates’ 50 Talents and the Cost of Ancient Warfare”, Eranos 88 (1990): 69-97. McKechnie, P., “Greek Mercenary Troops and Their Equipment”, Historia 43 (1994): 297-305. Miller, H.F., “The Practical and Economic Background to the Greek Mercenary Explosion”, G&R 2nd ser. 31 (1984): 153-160. Parke, H.W., Greek Mercenary Soldiers from the Earliest Times to the Battle of Ipsus, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1933. Roy, J., “The Mercenaries of Cyrus”, Historia 16 (1967): 287-323. Russell, A.G., “The Greek as a Mercenary Soldier”, G&R 11 (1942): 103-112. Whitehead, D., “Who Equipped Mercenary Troops in Classical Greece?”, Historia 40 (1991): 105-113. Yalichev, S., Mercenaries of the Ancient World, London: Constable, 1997. 5.4 Siege warfare Ober, J., “Early Artillery Towers: Messenia, Boiotia, Attica, Megarid”, AJA 91 (1987): 569-604. 5.5 Naval warfare Cawkwell, G., “Athenian Naval Power in the Fourth Century”, CQ n.s. 34 (1984): 334-345. 5.6 Campaigns and battles Anderson, J.K., “The Battle of Sardis in 395 B.C.”, CSCA 7 (1974): 27-53. Barnett, R.D., “Xenophon and the Wall of Media”, JHS 83 (1963): 1-26. Bassett, S.R., “The Death of Cyrus the Younger”, CQ n.s. 49 (1999): 473-483. Beister, H., “Ein thebanisches Tropaion bereits vor Beginn der Schlacht bei Leuktra”, Chiron 3 (1973): 65-84. Bicknell, P.J., “The Date of Timoleon’s Crossing to Italy and the Comet of 361 B.C.”, CQ n.s. 34 (1984): 130-134. Bigwood, J.M., “The Ancient Accounts of the Battle of Cunaxa”, AJPh 104 (1983): 340-357. Bonner, R.J., “Desertions from the ‘Ten Thousand’”, CPh 15 (1920): 85-88. Braun, E., “Zur Schlacht bei Chaironeia”, Jahreshefte des österr. Archäolog. Insitituts 37 (1948): 81-89. Buckler, J., “The Thespians at Leuctra”, WS 90 (1977): 76-79. ————, “Plutarch on Leuktra”, SO 55 (1980): 75-93. Burstein, S.M., “The War between Heraclea Pontica and Leucon I of Bosporus”, Historia 23 (1974): 401-416. Busolt, G., “Spartas Heer und Leuktra”, Hermes 40 (1905): 387-449. Cawkwell, G., “The Defence of Olynthus”, CQ n.s. 12 (1962): 122-140. De Voto, J.G., “Agesilaos and Tissaphernes Near Sardis in 395 B.C.”, Hermes 116 (1988): 41-53.


————, “Pelopidas and Kleombrotos at Leuktra”, AHB 3 (1989): 115-117. Farrell, W.J., “A Revised Itinerary of the Route Followed by Cyrus the Younger through Syria, 401 BC”, JHS 81 (1961): 153-155. Gray, V.J., “Two Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 B.C.: Xenophon Hellenica 3.4.20-24 and Hellenica Oxyrhynchia 11(6). 4-6”, CSCA 12 (1979): 183-200. Hamilton, C.D., Sparta’s Bitter Victories: Politics and Diplomacy in the Corinthian War, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1979. ————, “The Generalship of King Agesilaus of Sparta”, AncW 8 (1983): 119-127. ————, Agesilaus and the Failure of Spartan Hegemony, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991. Hammond, N.G.L., “Diodorus’ Narrative of the Sacred War and the Chronological Problems of 357-352 B.C.”, JHS 57 (1937), 44-78. ————, “The Two Battles of Chaeronea (338 B.C. and 86 B.C.)”, Klio 31 (1938): 186-218. Harding, P., “Athenian Defensive Strategy in the Fourth Century”, Phoenix 42 (1988): 61-71. Hewitt, J.W., “The Disobedience of Clearchus at Cunaxa”, CJ 14 (1919): 237-249. ————, “The Second Phase of the Battle of Cunaxa”, CJ 15 (1919): 83-93. Hunt, P., War, Peace and Alliance in Demosthenes’ Athens, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Review by M.R. Christ: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-10-57.html Lee, J.W.I., A Greek Army on the March: Soldiers and Survival in Xenophon’s Anabasis, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Review by V. Gray: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-10-32.html Leopold, J.W., “Demosthenes' Strategy in the First Philippic”, AncW 16 (1987): 59-69. Ma, J., “Chaironeia 338: Topographies of Commemoration”, JHS 128 (2008): 72-91. March, D.A., “Konon and the Great King’s Fleet, 396-394”, Historia 46 (1997): 257-269. Munn, M.H., “Agesilaos’ Boiotian Campaigns and the Theban Stockade of 378-377 B.C.”, ClAnt 6 (1987): 106-138. ————, The Defense of Attica: The Dema Wall and the Boiotian War of 378-375, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

Review by P. McKechnie: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1993/04.05.34.html Nussbaum, G.B., The Ten Thousand: A Study in Social Organization and Action in Xenophon’s Anabasis, Leiden: Brill, 1967. Ober, J., Fortress Attica: Defense of the Athenian Land Frontier, 404-322 B.C., Leiden: Brill, 1985. ————, “Defense of the Athenian Land Frontier 404-322 B.C.: A Reply”, Phoenix 43 (1989): 294-301. Parke, H.W., “The Development of the Second Spartan Empire (405-371 B.C.)”, JHS 50 (1930): 37-79. Pascual, J., “Theban Victory at Haliartos (395 B.C.)”, Gladius 27 (2007): 39-66. ————, “Xenophon and the Chronology of the War on Land from 393 to 386 BC”, CQ n.s. 59 (2009): 75-90.


Pritchett, W.K., “Observations on Chaironeia”, AJA 62 (1958): 307-311. ————, “The Battles of Mantineia (418, 362 and 207 B.C.)” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 37-72. ————, “The Battle Near the Nemea River in 394 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 73-84. ————, “The Battle of Koroneia in 394 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 85-95. ————, “Military Operations at Phleious 369-366 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 96-111. ————, “The Battle of Kynoskephalai in 364 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 112-119. Rahe, P.A., “The Military Situation in Western Asia on the Eve of Cunaxa”, AJPh 101 (1980): 79-96. ————, “The Annihilation of the Sacred Band at Chaeronea”, AJA 85 (1981): 84-87. Roller, D.W., “The Location of Xenophon’s Γραὸς στῆθος”, AJA 82 (1978): 107-109. Roos, A.G., “The Peace of Sparta of 374 B.C.”, Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 2 (1949): 265-285. Ruzicka, S., “Clazomenae and Persian Foreign Policy, 387/6 B.C.”, Phoenix 37 (1983): 104-108. ————, “Epaminondas and the Genesis of the Social War”, CPh 93 (1998): 60-69. ————, “Glos, Son of Thamos, and the End of the Cypriot War”, Historia 48 (1999): 23-43. Ryder, T.T.B., “The Supposed Common Peace of 366/5 B.C.”, CQ n.s. 7 (1957): 199-205. ————, “Spartan Relations with Persia after the King’s Peace: A Strange Story in Diodorus 15.9”, CQ n.s. 13 (1963): 105-109. Shrimpton, G., “Persian Strategy against Egypt and the Date for the Battle of Citium”, Phoenix 45 (1991): 1-20. Sinclair. R.K., “The King’s Peace and the Employment of Military and Naval Forces 387-378”, Chiron 8 (1978): 29-54. Talbert, R.J.A., Timoleon and the Revival of Greek Sicily, 344-317 B.C., London: Cambridge University Press, 1974. Tuplin, C., “The Leuctra Campaign: Some Outstanding Problems”, Klio 69 (1987): 72-107. ————, “Xenophon and the Garrisons of the Achaemenid Empire”, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 20 (1987): 167-246. Wankel, H., “Die athenischen Strategen der Schlacht bei Chaironeia”, ZPE 55 (1985): 45-53. Waterfield, R., Xenophon’s Retreat: Greece, Persia and the End of the Golden Age, London: Faber and Faber, 2006.

Review by L.T. Pearcy: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2007/2007-07-41.html Weiskopf, M., The So-Called “Great Satraps’ Revolt”, 366-360 B.C., Stuttgart, F. Steiner, 1989. Westlake, H.D., “The Spartan Intervention in Asia 400-397 BC”, Historia 35 (1986): 405-426. ————, “Diodorus and the Expedition of Cyrus”, Phoenix 41 (1987): 241-254.


Williams, F., “Xenophon’s Dana and the Passage of Cyrus’ Army over the Taurus Mountains”, Historia 45 (1996): 284-314. Wilson, C.H., “Athenian Military Finances 378/7 to the Peace of 375”, Athenaeum 48 (1970): 302-326. Wiseman, J.R., “Epaminondas and the Theban Invasions”, Klio 51 (1969): 177-199. Wylie, G.,“Agesilaus and the Battle of Sardis”, Klio 74 (1992): 118-130. 6. Macedonia 6.1 General works Allen, B., “Alexander the Great – Or the Terrible?”, Hudson Review 58 (2005): 220-230. Andreotti, R., “Per una critica dell’ideologia di Alessandro Magno”, Historia 5 (1956): 257-302. Badian, E., Studies in Greek and Roman History, New York: Barnes and Noble, 1964. ————, “The Administration of the Empire” G&R 2nd ser. 12 (1965): 166-182. Berve, H., Das Alexanderreich auf prosopographische Grundlage, Munich: C.H. Beck, 1926. Billows, R.A., Kings and Colonists: Aspects of Macedonian Imperialism, Leiden: Brill, 1995. Borza, E.N., In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990.

Review by W. Heckel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1991/02.01.02.html Bosworth, A.B., A Historical Commentary on Arrian’s History of Alexander, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980-1995. ————, “Alexander the Great and the Decline of Macedon”, JHS 106 (1986): 1-12. ————, Conquest and Empire: The Reign of Alexander the Great, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. ————, Alexander and the East: The Tragedy of Triumph. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Burn, A.R., Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic World, London: English Universities Press, 1964. Cantor, N.F., Alexander the Great: Journey to the End of the Earth, New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 2005. Cartledge, P., Alexander the Great: The Hunt for a New Past, London: Macmillan, 2004. Cawkwell, G., Philip of Macedon, London: Faber and Faber, 1978. Cheshire, K. Alexander the Great. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Review by C.E. Muntz: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-09-62.html Ellis, J.R., Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism, London: Thames and Hudson, 1976. Errington, R.M., and C. Errington, A History of Macedonia, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

Review by W. Heckel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1991/02.01.04.html Grainger, J.D., Alexander the Great Failure: The Collapse of the Macedonian Empire, London: Hambledon Continuum, 2007.

Review by W. Heckel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-09-30.html


Griffith, G.T. (ed.), Alexander the Great: The Main Problems, Cambridge: Heffer, 1966. Hammond, N.G.L. and G.T. Griffith, A History of Macedonia, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979. Hammond, N.G.L., “The King and the Land in the Macedonian Kingdom”, CQ n.s. 38 (1988): 382-391. ————, Alexander the Great: King, Commander and Statesman2, Bristol: Bristol Classical Press, 1989. ————, The Macedonian State: Origins, Institutions and History, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. ————, Philip of Macedon, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. ————, The Genius of Alexander the Great, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.

Review by J.B. Grossman: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1997/97.11.17.html ————, “Heroic and Divine Honours in Macedonia before the Successors”, AncW 30 (1999): 103-115. ————, “The Continuity of Macedonian Institutions and the Macedonian Kingdoms of the Hellenistic Era”, Historia 49 (2000): 141-160. Heckel, W., “Fifty-Two Anonymae in the History of Alexander”, Historia 36 (1987): 114-119. ———— and L.A. Tritle (edd.), Crossroads of History: The Age of Alexander, Claremont, CA: Regina Books, 2003.

Review by D.L. Gilley: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2005/2005-03-05.html Heckel, W., Who’s Who in the Age of Alexander the Great: Prosopography of Alexander’s Empire, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006. ————, L. Tritle and P. Wheatley (edd.), Alexander's Empire, Formulation to Decay: A Companion to Crossroads of History, Claremont, CA: Regina Books, 2007.

Review by D.L. Gilley: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-03-18.html Heckel, W., The Conquests of Alexander the Great, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Review by G. Squillace: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-01-17.html ———— and L.A. Tritle (edd.), Alexander the Great: A New History, Chichester: Blackwell, 2009.

Review by G. Squillace: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-08-04.html Jouguet, P., Macedonian Imperialism and the Hellenization of the East, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1928. Lane Fox, R., Alexander the Great, London: Allen Lane, 1974. O’Brien, J.M., Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy, London: Routledge, 1992.

Review by W. Heckel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1993/04.02.09.html Olbrycht, M.J., Aleksander Wielki i swiat iranski, Rzeszow: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2004.

Review by T.K. Mikolajczak: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-03-41.html Robinson, C.A., The History of Alexander the Great, Providence, RI: Brown University Press, 1953-1963. Seager, R., “The Freedom of the Greeks of Asia: From Alexander to Antiochus”, CQ n.s. 31 (1981): 106-112. Sheppard, R. (ed.), Alexander the Great at War: His Army, his Battles, his Enemies. Oxford: Osprey, 2008. Seibert, J., Alexander der Große, Darmstadt: Wissenschafliche Buchgesselschaft, 1972. Stoneman, R., Alexander the Great: A Life in Legend, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.

Review by D.L. Gilley: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-09-19.html


Tarn, W.W., Alexander the Great, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1948. Thomas, C.G., Alexander the Great in his World, Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.

Review by C. Golden: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2008/2008-02-30.html Welles, C.B., “Alexander’s Historical Achievement”, G&R 2nd ser. 12 (1965): 216-228. Wilcken, U., (tr. G.C. Richards), Alexander the Great, New York: Norton, 1967. Worthington, I., Philip II of Macedonia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.

Review by J.M. Madsen: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2009/2009-06-38.html 6.2 Macedonian armies Anson, E.M., “Alexander’s Hypaspists and the Argyraspids”, Historia 30 (1981): 117-120. ————, “The Hypaspists: Macedonia’s Professional Citizen-Soldiers”, Historia 34 (1985): 246-248. ————, “The Asthetairoi: Macedonia’s Hoplites” in E. Carney and D. Ogden (edd.), Philip II and Alexander the Great: Father and Son, Lives and Afterlives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010, pp. 81-90. Aperghis, G.G., “Alexander’s Hipparchies”, AncW 28 (1997): 133-148. Badian, E., “Orientals in Alexander’s Army”, JHS 85 (1965): 160-161. Bosworth, A.B., “AΣΘETAIPOI”, CQ n.s. 23 (1973): 2245-253. ————, “Alexander and the Iranians”, JHS 100 (1980): 1-21. ————, “The Argeads and the Phalanx” in E. Carney and D. Ogden (edd.), Philip II and Alexander the Great: Father and Son, Lives and Afterlives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010, pp. 91-102. Brunt, P.A., “Alexander’s Macedonian Cavalry”, JHS 83 (1963): 27-46. ————, “Anaximenes and King Alexander I of Macedon”, JHS 96 (1976): 151-153. Carney, E., “Macedonians and Mutiny: Discipline and Indiscipline in the Army of Philip and Alexander”, CPh 91 (1996): 19-44. Daniel, T., “The Taxeis of Alexander and the Change to Chiliarch, the Companion Cavalry and the Change to Hipparchies: A Brief Assessment”, AncW 23 (1992): 30-42. Ellis, J.R., “Alexander’s Hypaspists Again”, Historia 24 (1975): 617-618. Engels, D., Alexander the Great and the Logistics of the Macedonian Army, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978. ————, “Alexander’s Intelligence System”, CQ n.s. 30 (1980): 327-340. Griffith, G.T., “A Note on the Hipparchies of Alexander”, JHS 83 (1963): 68-74. ————, “Peltasts and the Origins of the Macedonian Phalanx” in Ancient Macedonian Studies in Honor of Charles F. Edson, Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1981, pp. 161-167. Hamilton, J.R., “Three Passages in Arrian”, CQ n.s. 5 (1955): 217-221. Hammond, N.G.L., “Some Passages in Arrian Concerning Alexander”, CQ n.s. 30 (1980): 455-476.


————, “Casualties and Reinforcements of Citizen Soldiers in Greece and Macedonia”, JHS 109 (1989): 56-68. ————, “The Various Guards of Philip II and Alexander III”, Historia 40 (1991): 396-418. ————, "Alexander's Non-European Troops and Ptolemy I's Use of Such Troops." BASP 33 (1996): 99-109. ————, “Cavalry Recruited in Macedonia down to 322 B.C.” Historia 47 (1998): 404-425. Head, D., Armies of the Macedonian and Punic Wars, Goring-by-Sea: Wargames Research Group, 1982. Heckel, W., “The Somatophylakes of Alexander the Great: Some Thoughts”, Historia 27 (1978): 224-228. ————, “Somatophylakia: A Macedonian Cursus Honorum”, Phoenix 40 (1986): 279-294. ————, The Marshals of Alexander’s Empire. London: Routledge, 1992.

Review by C. Rubincam: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1993/04.05.09.html Hogarth, D.G., “Alexander in Egypt and some Consequences”, JEA 2 (1915): 53-60. Lock, R.A., “The Origins of the Argyraspids”, Historia 26 (1977): 373-378. Milns, R.D., “Alexander’s Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus xvii.17.4”, JHS 86 (1966): 167-168. ————, “Philip II and the Hypaspists”, Historia 16 (1967): 509-512. ————, “The Hypaspists of Alexander III: Some Problems”, Historia 20 (1971): 186-195. ————, “Arrian’s Accuracy in Troop Details: A Note”, Historia 27 (1978), 374-378. ————, “A Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVII”, Historia 31 (1982): 123-126. ————, “A Note on Arrian’s Anabasis 5.13.1”, CPh 78 (1983): 47-50. Moreno Hernández, J.J., “La Caballería macedonia: teoría y práctica”, Gladius 24 (2004): 109-122. Rzepka, J., “The Units of Alexander’s Army and the District Divisions of Late Argead Macedonia”, GRBS 48 (2008): 39-56. Sinclair, R.K., “Diodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relays”, CQ n.s. 16 (1966): 249-255. 6.3 Arms and armour Anderson, J.K., “Shields of Eight Palms' Width”, CSCA 9 (1976): 1-6. Andronikos, M., “Sarissa”, BCH 94 (1970): 91-107. ————, “The Finds from the Royal Tombs at Vergina”, PBA 65 (1979): 355-367. Hammond, N.G.L., “Training in the Use of the Sarissa and its Effect in Battle”, Antichthon 14 (1980): 53-63. Juhel, P., “The Regulation Helmet of the Phalanx and the Introduction of the Concept of Uniform in the Macedonian Army at the End of the Reign of Alexander the Great”, Klio 91 (2009): 342-355. Keyser, P.T., “The Use of Artillery by Philip II and Alexander the Great”, AncW 25 (1994): 27-59. Manti, P.A., “The Cavalry Sarissa”, AncW 8 (1983): 73-80.


————, “The Sarissa of the Macedonian Infantry”, AncW 23 (1992): 30-42. ————, “The Macedonian Sarissa, Again”, AncW 25 (1994): 77-91. Markle, M.M., III, “The Macedonian Sarissa, Spear and Related Armor”, AJA 81 (1977): 323-339. ————, “Use of the Sarissa by Philip and Alexander of Macedon”, AJA 82 (1978): 483-497. ————, “A Shield Monument from Veria and the Chronology of Macedonian Shield Types”, Hesperia 68 (1999): 219-254. Marsden, E.W., “Macedonian Military Machinery and its Designers under Philip and Alexander”, in Ancient Macedonia II: papers read at the Second International Symposium held in Thessaloniki, 19-24 August 1973, Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1977, pp. 211-223. Mixter, J.R., “The Length of the Macedonian Sarissa during the Reigns of Philip II and Alexander the Great”, AncW 23 (1992): 21-29. Nylander, C., “The Standard of the Great King: A Problem in the Alexander Mosaic”, ORom 19.2 (1983): 19-37. 6.4 Siege Warfare Romane, J.P., “Alexander's Siege of Tyre”, AncW 16 (1987): 79-90. ————, “Alexander’s Sieges of Miletus and Halicarnassus”, AncW 25 (1994): 61-76. 6.3 Naval warfare Anson, E.M., “The Persian Fleet in 334”, CPh 84 (1989): 44-49. 6.6 Campaigns and battles Ainsworth, W.F. and E.H. Bunbury, “The Identification of the Pinarus with the River Piyas”, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography 6 (1884): 468-471. Badian, E., “The Battle of the Granicus: A New Look”, in Ancient Macedonia II: papers read at the Second International Symposium held in Thessaloniki, 19-24 August 1973, Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1977, pp. 271-293. ————, “Philip II and Thrace”, Pulpudeva 4 (1983): 51-71. ————, “Alexander at Peucelaotis”, CQ n.s. 37 (1987): 117-128. ————, “Alexander and Phillipi”, ZPE 95 (1993): 131-139. ————, “Darius III”, HSPh 100 (2000): 241-267. Bloedow, E.F., “Egypt in Alexander’s Scheme of Things”, QUCC n.s. 77 (2004): 75-99. Bosworth, A.B., “Philip II and Upper Macedonia”, CQ n.s. 21 (1971): 93-105. ————, “A Missing Year in the History of Alexander the Great”, JHS 101 (1981): 17-39. Brunt, P.A., “Persian Accounts of Alexander’s Campaigns”, CQ n.s. 12 (1962): 141-155.


Buckler, J., Philip II and the Sacred War, Leiden: Brill, 1989. ————, “The Actions of Philip II in 374 and 346 B.C.: A Reply to N.G.L. Hammond”, CQ n.s. 46 (1996): 380-386. Burn, A.R., “Notes on Alexander’s Campaigns, 332-330”, JHS 72 (1952): 81-91. ————, “The Generalship of Alexander”, G&R 2nd ser. 12 (1965): 140-154. Cawkwell, G.L., “Gaugamela Reconsidered”, CR n.s. 15 (1965): 203-205. Charles, M.B., “Alexander, Elephants and Gaugamela”, Mouseion, ser. III 8 (2008): 9-23. Davis, E.W. “The Persian Battle Plan at the Granicus”, James Sprunt Studies in History and Political Science 46 (1964): 33-44. Devine, A.M., “Grand Tactics at Gaugamela”, Phoenix 29 (1975): 375-385. ————, “The Strategies of Alexander the Great and Darius III in the Issus Campaign (333 B.C.)”, AncW 12 (1985): 25-38. ————, “Grand Tactics at the Battle of Issus”, AncW 12 (1985): 39-59. ————, “Demythologizing the Battle of the Granicus”, Phoenix 40 (1986): 265-278. ————, “The Battle of Gaugamela: A Tactical and Source-Critical Study”, AncW 13 (1986): 87-116. ————, “The Battle of Hydaspes: A Tactical and Source-Critical Study”, AncW 16 (1987): 91-113. ————, “The Macedonian Army at Gaugamela: Its Strength and the Length of its Battle-Line”, AncW 19 (1989): 77-79. Dessel, P. van and H. Hauben, “Rhodes, Alexander and the Diadochi from 333/332 to 304 B.C.”, Historia 26 (1977): 307-339. Dittberner, W., Issos. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte Alexanders des Großen, Berlin: Weidmann, 1908. Edmunds, L., “Alexander and the Calendar (Plut., Alex. 16.2)”, Historia 28 (1979): 112-117. Eggermont, P.H.L., Alexander’s Campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan and the Siege of the Brahmin Town of Harmatelia, Leuven: Leuven University Press, 1975. Foss, C., “The Battle of the Granicus: A New Look”, in Ancient Macedonia II: papers read at the Second International Symposium held in Thessaloniki, 19-24 August 1973, Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1977, pp. 495-502. Fredericksmeyer, E.A., “Alexander, Zeus Ammon and the Conquest of Asia”, TAPhA 121 (1991): 199-214. Fuller, J.F.C., The Generalship of Alexander the Great, London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1958. Gehman, H.S., “The Use of Interpreters by the Ten Thousand and by Alexander”, CW 8 (1914): 9-14. Griffith, G.T., “Alexander’s Generalship at Gaugamela”, JHS 67 (1947): 77-89. Guthrie, W.P., “Persian Army Strengths in Arrian-Ptolemy”, AncW 30 (1999): 117-128. Hamilton, J.R., “The Cavalry Battle at the Hydaspes”, JHS 76 (1956): 26-31. ————, “Alexander and the Aral”, CQ n.s. 21 (1971): 106-111. ————, “Alexander among the Oreitae”, Historia 21 (1972): 603-608.


Hammond, N.G.L., “Alexander’s Campaign in Illyria”, JHS 94 (1974): 66-87. ————, “The Campaign of Alexander against Cleitus and Glaucias”, in Ancient Macedonia II: papers read at the Second International Symposium held in Thessaloniki, 19-24 August 1973, Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1977, pp. 503-509. ————, “A Note on ‘Pursuit’ in Arrian”, CQ n.s. 28 (1978): 136-140. ————, “The Battle of the Granicus River”, JHS 100 (1980) 73-88. ————, “The Macedonian Defeat near Samarcand”, AncW 22 (1991): 41-47. ————, “Alexander’s Charge at the Battle of Issus in 333 B.C.”, Historia 41 (1992): 395-406. ————, “One or Two Passes at the Cilicia-Syria Border?”, AncW 25 (1994): 15-26. ————, “Philip’s Actions in 347 and early 348 B.C.”, CQ n.s. 44 (1994): 367-374. ————, “Alexander and Armenia”, Phoenix 50 (1996): 130-137. Heckel, W., “Alexander at the Persian Gates”, Athenaeum n.s. 58 (1980): 168-174. ————, “Kalas Son of Harpalos and ‘Memnon’s Country’”, Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 47 (1994): 93-95. ————, C. Willekes and G. Wrightson, “Scythed Chariots at Gaugamela: A Case Study” in E. Carney and D. Ogden (edd.), Philip II and Alexander the Great: Father and Son, Lives and Afterlives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010, pp. 103-109. Holt, F.L., Into the Land of Bones: Alexander the Great in Afghanistan, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.

Review by J. Lendering: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2005/2005-08-35.html Iglesias-Zoido, J.C., “The Pre-Battle Speeches of Alexander at Issus and Gaugamela”, GRBS 50 (2010): 215-241. Janke, A., Auf Alexanders des Grossen Pfaden. Eine Reise durch Kleinasien, Berlin: Weidmann, 1904. ————, “Die Schlacht bei Issus”, Klio 10 (1910): 137-177. Judeich, W., “Die Schlacht am Granikos”, Klio 8 (1908) 372-397. Karavites, P., “Macedonian Pragmatism and the Persian Wars”, AncW 28 (1997): 119-126. Krause, A., “Miszellen zur Geschichte Alexanders”, Hermes 23 (1888): 525-531. Lehmann, K., “Die Schlacht am Granikos”, Klio 11 (1911): 230-244. McCoy, W.J., “Memnon of Rhodes at the Granicus”, AJPh 110 (1989): 413-433. McQueen, E.I., “Some Notes on the Anti-Macedonian Movement in the Peloponnese in 331 B.C.”, Historia 27 (1978): 40-64. Markle, M.M., III, “The Strategy of Philip in 346 B.C.”, CQ n.s. 24 (1974): 253-268. Marsden, E.W., The Campaign of Gaugamela, Liverpool: University Press, 1964. Martin, T.R., “Diodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s B.C.”, CPh 76 (1981): 188-201. ————, “A Phantom Fragment of Theopompus and Philip II’s First Campaign in Thessaly”, HSPh 86 (1982): 55-78.


Murison, C.L., “Darius III and the Battle of Issus”, Historia 21 (1973): 399-423. Narain, A.K., “Alexander and India”, G&R 2nd ser. 12 (1965): 155-165. Neumann, C., “A Note on Alexander’s March-Rates”, Historia 20 (1971): 196-198. Parke, H.W., “The Massacre of the Branchidae”, JHS 105 (1985): 59-68. Peyrefitte, R., Les Conquêtes d’Alexandre, Paris: A. Michel, 1979. Ruzicka, S., “Curtius 4.1.34-37 and the Magnitudo Belli”, CJ 79 (1983): 30-34. ————, “War in the Aegean, 333-331 B.C.: A Reconsideration”, Phoenix 42 (1988): 131-151. Seibert, J., Die Eroberung des Perserreiches durch Alexander den Großen auf kartographischer Grundlage, Wiesebaden: Reichert, 1985. Stark, F., “Alexander’s Minor Campaigns in Turkey”, Geographical Journal 122 (1956): 294-304. ————, Alexander’s Path, from Caria to Cilica, London: J. Murray, 1958. ————, “Alexander’s March from Miletus to Phrygia”, JHS 78 (1958): 102-120. Stein, A., “Notes on Alexander’s Crossing of the Tigris and the Battle of Arbela”, GJ 100 (1942): 155-164. Strasburger, H., “Alexanders Zug durch die Gedroische Wüste”, Hermes 80 (1952): 456-493. Tarn, W.W., “Alexander’s ὑπομνήματα and the ‘World-kingdom’”, JHS 41 (1921): 1-17. ————, “Alexander’s Plans”, JHS 59 (1939): 124-135. Vidal-Naquet, P. and D. Ambrosino, “Alessandro e i cacciatori neri”, StudStor 25 (1984): 25-33. Wood, M., In the Footsteps of Alexander the Great: A Journey from Greece to Asia, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.

Review by J.B. Grossman: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1998/98.4.05.html Worthington, I., “Alexander the Great and the Greeks in 336? Another Reading of “IG” II2 329”, ZPE 147 (2004): 59-71. 7. Hellenistic warfare 7.1 General works Anson, E. A., “Antigonus, the Satrap of Phrygia”, Historia 37 (1988): 471-477. ————, Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek among Macedonians, Leiden: Brill, 2004.

Review by E.E. Garvin: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2006/2006-11-04.html Baronowski, D.W., “The Status of the Greek Cities of Asia Minor after 190 B.C.”, Hermes 119 (1991): 450-463. Bennett, B. and M. Roberts, The Wars of Alexander’s Successors, 323-281 B.C., Barnsley: Pen and Sword, 2008. Bosworth, A.B., The Legacy of Alexander: Politics, Warfare and Propaganda under the Successors, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Review by R. Strootman: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2004/2004-01-31.html


Champion, J., Pyrrhus of Epirus, Barnsley: Pen & Sword Books, 2009. Chaniotis, A., War in the Hellenistic World: A Social and Cultural History, Oxford: Blackwell, 2005.

Review by M.P. Fronda: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2005/2005-08-20.html Cloché, P., La Dislocation d’un empire : les premiers successeurs d’Alexandre le Grand (323-281/280 avant J.-C.), Paris: Payot, 1959. Coloru, O., Da Alessandro a Menandro: il regno greco di Battriana, Rome: F. Serra, 2009.

Review by F. Canali de Rossi: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-10-33.html Gabbert, J.J., Antigonus II Gonatas: A Political Biography, London: Routledge, 1997.

Review by G. Reger: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1998/1998-10-17.html Hammond, N.G.L., “The Continuity of Macedonian Institutions and the Macedonian Kingdoms of the Hellenistic Era”, Historia 49 (2000: 141-160. Kinkaid, C.A., Successors of Alexander the Great, Chicago: Argonaut, 1969. Kuhrt, A. and S. Sherwin-White, From Samarkhand to Sardis: A New Approach to the Seleucid Empire, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

Review by W. Heckel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1994/94.02.10.html Lafon, X. and S. Pittla, “Relire le Pyrrhos de Lévêque dun demi-siècle après”, Pallas 79 (2009): 151-171, 449-450. Lévêque, P., Pyrrhos, Paris: Boccard, 1957. Ogden, D., Polygamy, Prostitutes and Death: The Hellenistic Dynasties, London: Duckworth, 1999.

Review by W. Heckel: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001-03-02.html Olmstead, A.T., “Cuneiform Texts and Hellenistic Chronology”, CPh 32 (1937): 1-14. Schäfer, C., Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexanderreich, Frankfurt: M. Clauss, 2002.

Review by C. Eplett: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003-06-30.html Seager, R., “The Freedom of the Greeks of Asia: From Alexander to Antiochus”, CQ n.s. 31 (1981): 106-112. Shipley, G., The Greek World after Alexander, 323-30 B.C., London: Routledge, 2000.

Review by I. Worthington: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001-03-11.html Sidky, H., The Greek Kingdom of Bactria, Lanham, NY: University Press of America, 2000.

Review by A.T. Fear: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001-04-07.html Tarn, W.W., The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1951. ————, Antigonos Gonatas, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969. Walbank, F.W., Aratos of Sicyon, London: Cambridge University Press, 1933. ————, The Hellenistic World2, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.

Review by E.F. Bloedow: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1994/94.04.11.html Wiemer, H.-U., Krieg, Handel und Piraterie. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des hellenistischen Rhodos, Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2002.

Review by A. Moreno: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003-10-17.html Will, E., Histoire politique du monde hellenistique (323-30 av. J.-C.), Nancy: Berger-Levrault, 1966-2003.


7.2 Hellenistic armies Anson, E.M., “Hypaspists and Argyraspids after 323 BC”, AHB 2 (1988): 131-133. Bar-Kochva, B., The Seleucid Army: Organization and Tactics in the Great Campaigns, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Collins, A.W., “The Office of Chiliarch under Alexander and the Successors”, Phoenix 55 (2001): 259-283. Griffith, G.T., The Mercenaries of the Hellenistic World, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1935. Hammond, N.G.L., “Alexander's Veterans after his Death”, GRBS 25 (1984): 51-61. ————, “A Cavalry Unit in the Army of Antigonus Monophthalmus: Asthippoi”, CQ n.s. 28 (1978): 128-135. ————, “Royal Pages, Personal Pages and Boys Trained in the Macedonian Manner during the Period of the Temenid Monarchy”, Historia 39 (1990): 261-290. ————, "Alexander's Non-European Troops and Ptolemy I's Use of Such Troops." BASP 33 (1996): 99-109. Head, D., Armies of the Macedonian and Punic Wars, Goring-by-Sea: Wargames Research Group, 1982. Juhel, P., “‘On Orderliness with respect to the Prizes of War’: The Amphipolis Regulation and the Management of Booty in the Army of the Last Antigonids”, ABSA 97 (2002): 401-412. Launey, M., Recherches sur les armées hellénistiques2, Paris: Boccard, 1987. Milns, R.D., “Asthippoi Again”, CQ n.s. 31 (1981): 347-354. Nikoronov, V.P., The Armies of Bactria, 700 BC – 450 AD, Stockport: Montvert Publications, 1997. Sekunda, N., Seleucid and Ptolemaic Reformed Armies, 168-145 BC, Stockport: Montvert Publications, 1994-1995. Steinwender, T., “Der Polybianische Gefechtsabstand”, Hermes 44 (1909): 179-197. 7.3 Developments in strategy, tactics and technology Adams, W.L., “Antipater and Cassander: Generalship on Restricted Resources in the Fourth Century”, AncW 10 (1984): 79-88. Anderson, J.K., “Philopoemen’s Reform of the Achaean Army”, CPh 62 (1967): 104-105. Austin, M.M. “Hellenistic Kings, War and the Economy”, CQ n.s. 36 (1986): 450-466. Bengtson, H., Die Strategie in der hellenistischen Zeit. Ein Betrag zum antiken Staatsrecht, Munich: C.H. Beck, 1964-. Casson, L., “Ptolemy II and the Hunting of African Elephants”, TAPhA 123 (1993): 247-260. Charles, M.B., “Magister Elephantorum: A Reappraisal of Hannibal’s Use of Elephants”, CW 100 (2007): 363-389. Errington, R.M., Philopoemen, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969. Glover, R., “The Elephant in Ancient War”, CJ 39 (1944): 257-269. ————, “The Tactical Handling of the Elephant”, G&R 17 (1948): 1-11.


————, “Some Curiosities of Ancient Warfare”, G&R 19 (1950): 1-9. Gowers, W., “African Elephants and Ancient Authors”, African Affairs 47 (1948): 173-180. Hollenback, G.M., “Polybius’ Description of the kestros”, Mnemosyne, ser. 4, 62 (2009): 459-463. Lawrence, A.W. “Archimedes and the Design of Euryalus Fort”, JHS 66 (1946): 99-107. McNicoll, A., “Some Developments in Hellenistic Siege Warfare with Special Reference to Asia Minor”, in E. Akurgal (ed.), Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of Classical Archaeology, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, 1978, pp. 405-420. Nefedkin, A.K., “On the Origin of Greek Cavalry Shields in the Hellenistic Period”, Klio 91 (2009): 356-366. Scullard, H.H., The Elephant in the Greek and Roman World, London: Thames and Hudson, 1974. Seibert, J., “Der Einsatz von Kriegselefanten”, Gymnasium 80 (1973): 348-382. Sekunda, N., Hellenistic Infantry Reform in the 160s BC, Gdansk: Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdanskiego, 2006. Simms, D.L., “Archimedes and the Burning Mirrors of Syracuse”, Technology & Culture 18 (1977): 1-24. Tarn, W.W., Hellenistic Military and Naval Developments, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930. ————, “Two Notes on Seleucid History: 1. Seleucus’ 500 Elephants, 2. Tarmita”, JHS 60 (1940): 84-94. Williams, M,F., “Philopoemen’s Special Forces: Peltasts and a New Kind of Greek Light-Armed Warfare (Livy 35.27)”, Historia 53 (2004): 257-277. 7.4 Naval warfare Ashton, N.G., “The Naumachia near Amorgos in 322 BC”, ABSA 72 (1977): 1-11. Casson, L., “Polybius 16.3.8.: Ἀναστείρος”, CQ n.s. 39 (1989): 262-263. Meijer, F. and A.W. Sleeswyk, “On the Construction of the Syracusia (Athenaeus V.207 A-B)”, CQ n.s. 46 (1996): 575-578. Morrison, J.S., “Athenian Sea-Power in 323/2 B.C.: Dream and Reality”, JHS 107 (1987): 88-97. Tarn, W.W., Hellenistic Military and Naval Developments, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930. 7.5 Campaigns and battles Anson, E.M., “Diodorus and the Date of Triparadeisus”, AJPh 107 (1986): 208-217. ————, “The Chronology of the Third Diadoch War”, Phoenix 60 (2006): 226-235. Ashton, N.G., “The Lamian War: stat magni nominis umbra”, JHS 104 (1984): 152-157. Balsdon, J.P.V.D., “Rome and Macedon, 205-200 B.C.”, JRS 44 (1954): 30-42. Baronowski, D., “A Reconsideration of the Roman Approval of Peace with Macedonia in 196 B.C.”, Phoenix 37 (1983): 218-223. Beagon, P., “A Note on Polybius 24.14.8-9” CQ n.s. 45 (1995): 245-248.


Berthold, R.M., “Lade, Pergamum and Chios: Operations of Philip V in the Aegean”, Historia 24 (1975): 150-163. Bickerman, E.J., “Bellum Philippicum: Some Roman and Greek Views concerning the Causes of the Second Macedonian War”, CPh 40 (1945): 137-148. Camp, J., et al., “A Trophy from the Battle of Chaironeia of 86 B.C.”, AJA 96 (1992): 443-455. Charles, M.B., “Elephants at Raphia: Reinterpreting Polybius 5.84-5”, CQ n.s. 56 (2007): 306-311. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/9144/1/9144a.pdf Dell, H.J., “Antigonus III and Rome”, CPh 62 (1967): 94-103. Devine, A.M., “The Grand Strategy of Antigonus II Gonatas and the Chremonidean War”, AncW 8 (1983): 129-136. ————, “Diodorus' Account of the Battle of Gaza”, AC 27 (1984): 31-40. ————, “Diodorus' Account of the Battle of Paraitacene”, AncW 12 (1985): 75-86. ————, “Diodorus' Account of the Battle of Gabiene”, AncW 12 (1985): 87-96. ————, “The Generalship of Ptolemy I and Demetrius Poliorcetes at the Battle of Gaza (312 BC)”, AncW 19 (1989): 29-36. Dessel, P. van and H. Hauben, “Rhodes, Alexander and the Diadochi from 333/332 to 304 B.C.”, Historia 26 (1977): 307-339. Dmitriev, S., “Memnon on the Siege of Heraclea Pontica by Prusias I and the War between the Kingdoms of Bithynia and Pergamum”, JHS 127 (2007): 133-138. Dreyer, B., “Athen und Demetrios Poliorketes nach der Schlacht von Ipsos (301 v. Chr.). Bemerkungen zum Marmor Parium, FGrHist 239 B 27 und zur Offensive des Demetrios im Jahre 299/8 v. Chr.”, Historia 49 (2000): 54-66. Eckstein, A.M., “T. Quinctius Flaminius and the Campaign against Philip in 198 B.C.”, Phoenix 30 (1976): 119-142. ————, “Greek Mediation in the First Macedonian War, 209-205 B.C.”, Historia 51 (2002): 268-297. Engers, M., “Die Vorgeschichte der makedonischen Kriege Roms”, Mnemosyne, ser. 3, 6 (1938): 121-138. Errington, R.M., “From Babylon to Triparadeisos: 323-320 B.C.”, JHS 90 (1970): 49-77. Gabbert, J.J., “The Anarchic Dating of the Chremodinean War”, CJ 82 (1987): 230-235. Galili, E., The Battle of Raphia 217 B.C.E.: Tactics, Strategy and Logistics in the Hellenistic World, Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1999. Gruen, E.S., “The Origins of the Achaean War”, JHS 96 (1976): 46-69. Hammond, N.G.L., “The Two Battles of Chaeronea (338 B.C. and 86 B.C.)”, Klio 31 (1938): 186-218. Hauben, H., “On the Chronology of the Years 313-311 B.C.”, AJPh 94 (1973): 256-267. Kahrstedt, U., “Nachlese auf griechischen Schlachtfeldern”, Hermes 48 (1913): 283-291. Larsen, J.A.O., “Phocis in the Social War of 220-217 BC”, Phoenix 19 (1965): 116-128. Lefkowitz, M.R., “Pyrrhus’ Negotiations with the Romans, 280-278 B.C.”, HSPh 44 (1959): 147-177.


May, J.M.F., “Macedonia and Illyria (216-167 B.C.)”, JRS 36 (1946): 48-56. Meadows, A.R., “Greek and Roman Diplomacy on the Eve of the Second Macedonian War”, Historia 42 (1993): 40-60. Momigliano, A. and P. Fraser, “A New Date for the Battle of Andros? A Discussion”, CQ 44 (1950): 107-118. Morgan, J.D., “Sellasia Revisited”, AJA 85 (1981): 328-330. Niese, B., “Zur Geschichte des Pyrrhischen Krieges”, Hermes 31 (1896): 481-507. Pritchett, W.K., “Observations on Chaironeia”, AJA 62 (1958): 307-311. ————, “The Battles of Mantineia (418, 362 and 207 B.C.)” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 37-72. ————, “The Battle of Kaphyai in 220 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 120-132. ————, “The Battle of Kynoskephalai in 197 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 133-144. ————, “The Battle of Pydna in 168 B.C.” in Studies in Ancient Greek Topography, Part II (Battlefields), Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969, pp. 145-176. Ramsay, W.M., “Military Operations on the North Front of Mount Taurus (Continued)”, JHS 43 (1923): 1-10. Schubert, R., “Der Vierjahrige Krieg”, Hermes 10 (1876): 111-116. Seibert, J., “Die Schlacht bei Ephesos”, Historia 25 (1976): 45-61. Starr, C.G., Jr., “Rhodes and Pergamum, 201-200 B.C.”, CPh 33 (1938): 63-68. Simpson, R.H., “The Historical Circumstances of the Peace of 311”, JHS 74 (1954): 25-31. Tarn, W.W., “The First Syrian War”, JHS 46 (1926): 155-162. ————, “The Proposed New Date for Ipsus”, CR 40 (1926): 13-15. Thompson, W.E., “PSI 1284: Eumenes of Cardia v. the Phalanx”, CE 59 (1984): 113-120. ————, “Philip V’s Peloponnesian Campaigns in the Social War”, RhM 132 (1989): 141-148. ————, “The Battle of the Bagradas”, Hermes 114 (1986): 111-117. Walbank, F.W., “Antigonus Doson’s Attack on Cytinium (REG 101 (1988), 12-53”, ZPE 76 (1989); 184-192. Westlake, H.D., “The Aftermath of the Lamian War”, CR 63 (1949): 87-90. Wheatley, P.V., “Ptolemy Soter’s Annexation of Syria, 320 B.C.”, CQ n.s.45 (1995): 433-440. ————, “The Lifespan of Demetrius Poliorcetes”, Historia 46 (1997): 19-27. ————, “Antigonus Monophthalmus in Babylonia, 310-308 B.C.”, JNES 61 (2002); 39-47. ————, “The Year 22 Tetradrachms of Sidon and the Date of the Battle of Gaza”, ZPE 144 (2003): 268-276. Williams, J.M., “A Note on Athenian Chronology, 319/8 – 318/7 B.C.”, Hermes 112 (1984): 300-305.

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Bibliography Greek Warfare