Bihar Agriculture

8/2/2019 Bihar Agriculture

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STATE ACTION PLAN

- BIHAR

FOR THE YEAR 2009-12

Department of Agriculture

Govt. of Bihar

1A Presentation Before Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India


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Agriculture Profile of the State2

Total geographical area of 93.60 lakh hectares

Gross sown area in the State is 79.46 lakhhectares,

Net sown area is 56.03 lakh hectares

The intensity of cropping is 142%.


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Bihar Agriculture: A Profile

Category Area

(Lakh ha.)

Forest 6.22

Barren & Non cultivated land 4.36

Land put to non agricultural uses 16.47

Culturable wasteland 0.46

Permanent pasture 0.17

Area under misc. crops 2.40

Other fallow 1.29

Current fallow 6.66

Net Sown Area 55.56

Total Geographical Area 93.60

41%

59%

Net Sown Area

Others

Source-Dir. Of Stat.,GOB,Year-2005-06

59% Area under cultivation


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Predominance of Rice-Wheat incropping pattern

Category Area

(Lakh ha.)

Rice 35.39

Wheat 21.62

Pulses 5.87

Oilseed 1.53

Maize 6.54

Other Corase Cereals 0.37

Total 71.32

Source-Dir. Of Stat.,GOB,Year-2007-08

Rice & Wheat covers > 80% Area

under field crops

2%8%

9%

81%

Pulses

Oilseed

Maize

Others


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5

Based on soil characterization, rainfall,temperature and terrain, three main agro-climatic zones in Bihar have been identified.These are:

Zone I (North West Alluvial Plain) 36%,

Zone II (North East Alluvial Plain) - 20%

Zone-III (South Bihar Alluvial Plain) 44%

AGRO-CLIMATIC ZONES


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Agricultural Production6

The major agricultural products of Bihar arecereals, pulses, oilseeds and cash crops.

The rice wheat cropping system occupies

more than 81% of the gross cropped area. Production of Rice in the Year 2008-09 was

54.88 lakh Metric Tonne with an Total Areaunder Kharif Rice being 34.55 lakh ha.

Production of Wheat in the Year 2008-09 was53.25 lakh Metric Tonne with an Total Areaunder being 22.36 lakh ha.


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Agricultural Production7

Wheat production in the state is suffering with the

problems of delayed sowing,

increase in cost of production due to rise in cost ofpetroleum oil,

lack of small duration varieties which can beappropriately tailored into rice-wheat system and

aberrations in weather conditions.


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Maize A Success Story8

As compared to national average production of Maize is increasing in thestate.

Productivity of Maize in Bihar (2541 kg/ha in 2006-07) is greater than thatof All-India (1907 kg/ha).

This crop is now replacing upland rice in Kharif season and wheat inRabi season.

Autumn maize has 42 to 43 per cent of area under the crop,

Rabi maize has 31 to 32 per cent and

summer maize 25 to 26 per cent.

Autumn maize contributes only 30 to 31 per cent of the total production,

Summer maize has a share of 29 to 30 per cent. Rabi maize has better yield rate and produces nearly 40 to 41 per cent of

the crop in the state, and is now replacing upland rice in Kharif seasonand wheat in rabi season.

With rich water resources and available irrigation in the winter andsummer season, irrigated area under maize increased and so did theyields.

Both traditional and hybrid maize are grown in all the three seasons.


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Pulses & Oilseeds9

Productivity of Pulses, in the state is greater thanAll-India. In the year 2006-07 , in case of Bihar itis 735 kg/ha while in case of India it is 616 kg/ha.

Gram, Tur and Lentil are the major pulses grown

in the State. Oilseeds cover less than 2 per cent of the gross

cropped area of the state.

The states position in the country in area and

production is insignificant being less than 1 percent each.

Rapeseed and mustard is the major oilseeds cropin the state followed by linseed


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Sugarcane10

Among commercial crops, sugarcane is an important crop in thestate.

The states share in the countrys production is 4 to 4.5 percent andranks 10th among the sugarcane producing states.

Sugarcane production and sugar industry hold great potential in

Bihar. Production as well as productivity both increased between the period

2000-01 and 2006-07.

In 2000-01 production was 3987.6 thousand tones and productivitybeing 42,648 kg/ha , while in case of all India the same is 295956.2thousand tones and 68577 kg/ha.

In 2006-07, in Bihar, production has increased to 4249.0 thousandtones and productivity has increased to 41252 kg/ha , while in caseof India production and productivity has increased to 283404thousand tones and 64615 kg/ha. respectively.

Area under sugarcane cultivation has also increased considerably inthe State.


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HORTICULTURE11

The agro-climatic conditions are eminently suitablefor whole range of

vegetables;

a variety of roots and tubers crops;

perennial fruit crops like mango, litchi, guava, andlimes;

annual fruit crops like banana, pineapple and papayaand

spices like ginger, turmeric and chilly, of late, floriculture is also showing excellent prospects.

The state thus has possibilities for growing a diversifiedbasket of vegetables, fruits, spices, tubers and flowers

and medicinal and aromatic plants.


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HORTICULTURE12

Horticulture (Fruits, (Mango, Litchi, Guava,Pineapple, Citrus, Banana, Papaya and Ber)vegetables including tuber and mushroom,

spices, honey, medicinal and aromatic plants)occupies 15 per cent of land area.

The state has monopoly in production of litchiand makhana and continue to grow variousfruits, vegetables & spices.


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VEGETABLES14

Bihar ranks 3rd in vegetable production in thecountry

Produces a variety of traditional and non-traditional vegetables.

However, it lacks the basic infrastructure forstorage, packaging, transportation, organizedmarketing system and post harvest handlingfacilities.

Seed is the most important input which influencesthe output of vegetables crops.

Vegetable production programme could bestrengthened only if its seed productionprogramme is strengthened.


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SPICES15

A variety of spices are produced in Bihar.

At present Bihar produces about 20 thousandtonnes of spices annually from an area of nearly

15, 081 ha. The important spices are Ginger, Turmeric, Chilly,

Coriander, and Garlic.

Chilli accounts for 47.6 percent of the area underspices and 39.5 per cent of the productionfollowed by turmeric, which occupies 26.3 percent of the area under spices and accounts for36.4 per cent of the production in the state.


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FLORICULTURE16

The area under loose flower production in theyear 200102 was 44 ha which has increasedto 95 ha in the year 2002-03.

The production has reached to 1757 MT. in theyear 2002-03.

During the year 2004-05 the production offlowers increased tremendously after the

adoption of Field Demonstration/ Trainingprogrammes in the state under Macro modeManagement / NHM / National HorticultureBoard sponsored programme.


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APICULTURE17

Bihar is one of the leading honey producing states inIndia.

The main regions in which beekeeping are done arethe districts of Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Sitamarhi, East &

West Champaran, Madhepura, Katihar and Begusarai. Approximately 3,900 MT of honey was produced in the

state out of the total countrys production of 8,400 MTin 2002.

Bihar is the only state producing litchi honey oncommercial scale.

The processing industry has not kept pace with theincrease in beekeeping in the state with no large

processing unit within the state. There are a handful ofprocessing units in the organised sector with most of


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PLANTATION CROPS18

Among the plantation crops, coconut hasexpanded to about 10,000 ha in north Bihar.Tea plantation has also come up in Kishanganj

and adjoining district.


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FRUITS & VEGETABLEPROCESSING

19

There are little fruit and vegetable processing units inthe state.

The industry estimates that only about 23 per cent ofthe total produce is processed.

Farm level pre-processing facilities critical to preservequality and prevent temperature shocks immediatelyafter harvest such as pre-cooling facilities, coolingfacilities, collection centers, grading and sortingsystems, washing and cleaning facilities and pack

houses, etc., are absent. Warehousing and storagesystem for fruits and vegetables are absent except forpotatoes and a few for onions.

The entire produce after harvest is immediatelytransported to the markets within and outside state

and some to the fruit processing units.


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20

Agriculture productivity was much bettercompared to other state in fifties which is nowmuch below the national average. In last two

years, this has been an appreciable growth,due to improved seeds, technologies andinputs, but miles have to go to achieveresponsive agriculture.


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Constraints21

This would need infrastructure, technology and inputs.

R&D has to play a vital role.

There is an inequitable distribution of water for irrigation,inadequate number of shallow tube-wells, ineffective use ofrain water, and lack of conjunctive use of different irrigationwaters are the issues of concern.

Moreover, the Tal and Diara lands can only be irrigated byoverhead sprinklers, but the farmers in Bihar do not ownoverhead sprinklers on account of their poor economic status.

The quantity and quality of the use of inputs, such asfertilizers and seeds in the State is also far below the desiredlevel.

The highly unsatisfactory status of availability of quality seed(seeds & quality planting material) to the farmers is one of themost serious concerns in Bihar.


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Irrigation22

Bihar has 45.67 lakh hectares of irrigated areaagainstits total geographical area of 93.6 lakhhectares.

While created irrigation capacity of 45.67 lakhhectare means that around 49 per cent of totalarea is irrigated.

The percentage of irrigated area varies greatly

across different regions/districts, from a low of16 percent (in Jamui) to around 86 percent (inSheikhpura).


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Credit Support23

Institutional support in terms of hassle-free,timely and adequate credit and agriculturalinsurance is equally much below the

requirement.


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INPUTS - SEEDS26

Similar to field crops, programmes are alsoplanned for increasing availability of qualityplanting materials and vegetable seed production.

A special programme for potato seed production isenvisaged.

For the expanding needs of sugarcane industry, aspecial seed distribution programme through

sugar factories also forms part of this plan ofaction.

Tissue culture laboratories for banana and sugarcane are also planned for meeting increasingdemand.


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INPUTS FERTILIZERS27

Recognizing the importance of chemical fertilizer inincreasing productivity.

Lack of assured availability of these fertilizers, the action planproposes the State to play a more direct role in import ofphosphatic and potassic fertilizers.

Taking note of constraints in supply of these fertilizers, thestrategy is to initiate for a massive programme for vermi-compost and green manures.

The programmes are also designed to ensure supply ofboron, zinc, gypsum and pyrites at subsidized rates,wherever soil conditions so require.

Another crucial input in the pesticides. A programme forrejuvenating existing, plant protection centres forms a part ofthe action plan.


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QUALITY ASPECT OF INPUTS28

Soil testing laboratories will be constructed inall the blocks.

At district level, the soil testing laboratories will

also have seed testing wing. Apart from soil and seed testing laboratories,

bio-control laboratories (for rearing natural

defenders of crops), pesticide and fertilizerlaboratories are also planned.


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FARM MECHANIZATION29

Adoption of farm mechanisation is lagging in Bihar. The Tractor density in the state is also low at 4.93

tractors /1000 ha as against 56.20 tractors/1000ha in Punjab and 12.2 tractors/ 1000 ha in Uttar

Pradesh. Presently only 11.24 per cent of the total power

requirement for farms is estimated to be met fromthe available tractors in the State.

Considerable potential exists for other farmequipments like power tillers etc since 80 per centof the total land holdings belong to small andmarginal farmers who cannot afford tractors.

The potential for other agricultural implements is

very high, considering the present status ofmechanised farmin activities.

INCOME GENERATION


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INCOME GENERATIONSCHEMES

30

The Strategy to increase the income of thefarmers, integrated farming models preparedby ICAR and Rajendra Agriculture University

are proposed to be implemented. The objective is to maximize farm-income

through convergence of schemes like dairy,fisheries, horticulture, poultry and duck rearingand crop husbandry ideally on a one-acre.

CAPACITY BUILDING AND


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CAPACITY BUILDING ANDINSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

31

The proposed programme of action calls forrejuvenation of extension machinery.

Revamping of Agriculture Department and capacitybuilding of its personnel form an important part of the

Strategy. Ambitious market infrastructure programme also calls

for an institutional mechanism to overseedevelopmental activities and for asset management.

By repealing Agriculture Produce Market CommitteeAct, Bihar has ushered in a new era of marketreforms. The action plan recognizes that such asituation calls for a major programme of capacitybuilding of both the farmers and governmental staff.


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CROP DEVELOPMENT32

Thrust Crops Identified for Intervention:

Field Crops: Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Arhar, Gram,Lentil, Moong, Pea, Rapeseed/Mustard, Linseed,

and Sugarcane.Horticultural Fruit Crops: Mango, litchi, Guava,

Banana, Aonla

Vegetables: Brinjal, Tomato, Okra, Onion, Pea,

Potato and Drumstick


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ACTION PLAN FOR CROP DEVELOPMENTSEED PLAN(CRASH SEED PLAN)33

Sl.

No.

Crop Quantity of seed to be distributed

/farmer (kg)

Annual Seed

Requirement (in

Qtls)

1 Wheat 20.0 18193.6

2 Rice 6.0 5458.1

3 Maize 4.0 1819.3

4 Arhar 2.0 1819.4

5 Gram 8.0 5404.0

6 Lentil 4.0 3189.4

7 Moong 3.0 1160.6

8 Rai/ Sarson/

Toria

1.0 454.8

9 Linseed 2.0 1562.2

FINANCIAL OUTLAY FOR CRASH SEED


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FINANCIAL OUTLAY FOR CRASH SEEDPLAN

(Rs. In Lakhs)34

Category ofseed

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Breeder seed 80.784 90.212 100.34 271.336

Subsidy on

foundation

seed

707.97 707.97 707.97 2123.91

Total 788.75 798.18 808.31 2395.2

F d ti S d P d ti i


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FoundationSeed Production inState Farms

35

Production of foundation seeds for the crashprogramme and seed village scheme and forthe certified seed production through farmers,

will be produced in the rejuvenated statefarms.

Breeder seed: Breeder seed procured from theICAR/SAU institutions for the seed productionprogramme will be multiplied into foundationseed at the seed multiplication farms.

FINANCIAL IMPLICATION FOR FOUNDATION


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FINANCIAL IMPLICATION FOR FOUNDATIONSEED PROGRAMME(Rs. In Lakhs)

36

Item 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Towards cost

of breeder

seed

60 60 60 180

Expenses for

foundation

seed

production

630 630 630 1890

Total 690 690 690 2070


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Seed Village Programme37

Sl. No. 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

No. of seedvillage

1076 1614 2152 4842

Total area put

under Seed

production (ha)

in Beej Gram

10760 16140 21520 48420

One seed village will be identified in each block in the beginning of crop season.

The scheme proposes to achieve following objectives:

Availability of good quality seed at local level and at reasonable price.

Need based seed production will lead to the availability of improved seed of

recommended varieties for the area.

Seeds at relatively cheaper rate will decrease the cost of cultivation.Additional income by selling the seeds will attract other farmers towards seed

production which will generate self employment.

FINANCIAL OUTLAY FOR SEED


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FINANCIAL OUTLAY FOR SEED

VILLAGE PROGRAMME(Rs. In Lakhs)38

Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Financial

requirements

306 514 774 1594

s r u on o ua y ee s -


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s r u on o ua y ee s -Physical and Financialrequirements39Item/Years 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Physical

target

6.5 7 7.5 21

(In lakh qtls.for all crops)

Financial

requirement

4000 4300 4600 12900.00

(Rs. Lakh)

Strengthening Seed


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Strengthening SeedInfrastructure - Stepping up of processingand certification facilities40 Bihar Rajya Beej Nigam (BRBN): A scheme for infrastructural

development for processing, storage and its marketing. BRBN will besupported for establishment of seed processing plants and storagegodowns at different places across the state.

Bihar State Seed Certification Agency (BSSCA): TheAgency has theresponsibility to ensure the quality standards of the seed produced withinthe State, and to realize that objective, BSSCA will be strengthened.

Seed Multiplication Farms (S.M. Farms): Seed Multiplication Farms havenow been rejuvenated. Foundation seed requirement for the various seedproduction programme will be met by these S.M. farms. Therefore, theyneed to be equipped with all the necessary facilities required for successfulseed production. As protective measure, construction of boundary walls ofSMFs will be an important feature.

Fully Mechanized Agricultural Farm (MAF): Largest farm in the State, thePurnia farm, will be fully mechanized for large scale seed multiplication. Itwill also have demonstrative effect on the benefits of mechanization forseed production.


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FINANCIAL OUTLAY(Rs. In Lakhs)

41

Item/Years 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

BRBN 500 500 - 1000

BSSCA 50 50 - 100

S.M. Farms 660 660 660 1980

MAF - - -

Total 1210 1210 660 3080

HORTICULTURE PLANTING


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HORTICULTURE PLANTING

MATERIALS42

To utilize waste and unproductive land bycultivating nutritious and remunerative fruitcrops.

Targets for new plantations are Mango: 15500 ha

Litchi: 4500 ha

Guava: 4500 ha Aonla: 4000 ha

Banana: 10000 ha

Physical Requirement of Planting


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Physical Requirement of Planting

Material43

SlNo.

Fruit Crop

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total1 Mango

425000 425000 425000 1275000

2 Litchi

112500 112500 112500 337500

3 Guava

312750 312750 312750 938250

4 Banana (Tissue

culture + Suckers) 106.24 106.24 106.24 318.725 Anola

156000 156000 156000 468000

1006356 1006356 1006356 3019068

Financial Requirement of Planting


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Financial Requirement of Planting

Material (Rs. In Lakhs)44

SlNo.

Fruit Crops

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total1 Mango

171.25 171.25 171.25 513.75

2 Litchi

28.125 28.125 28.125 84.375

3 Guava

62.55 62.55 62.55 187.65

4 Banana (Tissue

culture + Suckers)690.56 690.56 690.56 2071.685 Anola

31.2 31.2 31.2 93.6

Total

983.685 983.685 983.685 2951.06


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Vegetable Crop45

Vegetable crops identified for the programme:

Brinjal, Tomato, Okra, Onion, Pea, Drumstick and,Potato.

Strategy: Sixty percent of foundation seed will beproduced in different departmental farms underDirectorate of Horticulture and forty percent offoundation seed will be produced at RAU farms

including KVKs . The programme is similar to the crash programme

in the field crops. Foundation seed at 50% costwill be made available to the farmers

Physical and Financial


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Physical and FinancialRequirements

46

Vegetable Crop Type of Seed Seed requirement2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Brinjal Breeder 35.00 g 45.00 g 50.00 g

Foundation 13.50 kg 16.80 kg 20.00 kg

Certified 53.80 q 672.00 q 80.70 q

Tomato Breeder 115.00 g 150.00 g 170.00 g

Foundation 23.00 kg 29.00 kg 34.00 kg

Certified 46.00 q 57.50 q 69.00 qOkra Breeder 18.00 q 21.96 q 26.36 q

Foundation 140.00q 175.00 q 210.90 q

Certified 1124.80 q 1406.00 q 1687.20 q

Onion Breeder 10.00 kg 13.00 kg 16.00 kg

Foundation 10.00 q 125.00 q 16.00 q

Certified 997.00 q 1246.00 q 1496.00q

Pea Breeder 38.00 q 47.00 q 48.00 gFoundation 303.00 q 379.00 q 454.00 q

Certified 2425.00 q 3031.00 q 3636.00 q

Drumstick Rooted plants tobe distributed

27000 2700 27000

Total financialRequirement(Rs. lakh)

186.04 239.43 280.57


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POTATO SEED PRODUCTION47

Breeder Seed (B/S) will be made available from the CentralPotato Research Institutes, ICAR.

Foundation Seed Stage I (F/S I) will be produced in 30KVKsunder RAU, Bihar, Pusa, Samastipur and Department ofAgriculture in different farms.

Total land available under RAU and Department of Agriculturefarm will be about 250 ha, in which 150 ha will be provided byRAU and 100 ha. will be made available by Department ofAgriculture, Govt. of Bihar.

For production of Foundation Seed Stage II (F/S II) andcertified seed it is proposed that progressive farmers, farmer

Co-operatives and the potential agencies should beentrusted.

For multiplication as certified seed, a farmer will be received5 quintals of foundation seed for 0.5 acre area at 50% cost.

Ph i l d Fi i l R i t f


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Physical and Financial Requirement forPotato Seed Production

48

VegetableCrop

Type of Seed Seed requirement (In tons)

2009-10 2010-11

2011-12

Potato F/S-II 15625 15625 15625

F/S-I 3125 3125 3125

B/S 625 625 625

Financial Requirement (Rs.lakh)

547.5 598.125 653.75


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Sugarcane49

Sugarcane seed is to be supplied by the sugarfactories from their farms.

Promising varieties grown in 12 districts of Bihar areCoP 9301, CoS 96268, CoS 767, BO 139, UP 9530and BO 147.

The indent of seed will be submitted by the concernedsugar factories to the seed supplying agencies by endof August each year with information to Cane IndustryDepartment and S.R.I., Pusa.

Factory will provide the list of villages and name of thefarmers to the Cane Industry Department by the end ofJuly each year along with variety wise seedrequirement and source of availability. The cost ofseed alongwith transportation cost will be paid byCane Industry Department to the concerned sugarfactories.

Factory wise seed requirement for


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Factory wise seed requirement for

factories in Bihar50

Sl. No. Name of the Factory Total no. of

villagesSeed

requirement

(in Qtls)

1. Bagaha 261 9396

2. Harinagar 369 13284

3. Narkatiaganj 436 15696

4. Majhaulia 359 12984

5. Sidhwalia 536 19296

6. Gopalganj 1935 62460

7. Sasmusa 422 15192

8. Hasanpur 484 17424

9. 835 30060

Total 5637 195792


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Financial Requirement51

SlNo.

ItemsFinancial Requirement

(Rs. lakh)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

1 Seed @ Rs 150 q 293.7 293.7 293.7 881.1

2 Transportation &

Distribution @ Rs. [email protected] 195.8 195.8

587.4

3 Input cost @ Rs. 3000/

farmers 978.66 978.66 978.66

2935.98

4 Preparation of leaflets2.5 2.5 2.5

7.5

5 Misc Items5 5 5

15

Total 1475.66 1475.66 1475.66 4426.98


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Tissue Culture Laboratory52

Tissue Culture plants revoultionized Bananacultivation in India and across the world.Considering the demand, banana and sugarcaneare proposed to be multiplied through tissue

culture. Four tissue culture laboratories are proposed to

be established in next four years inUniversity/KVK/ Department or in PPP mode. The

capacity of this laboratory will be five lakh plantsper year.

The total establishment cost of one laboratory willbe 150 lakh. Accordingly one laboratory per year

will be established with total cost of Rs.600 lakh.


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SOIL HEALTH MANAGEMENT53

The main issues in soil health management inBihar are: Continuous use of fertilizer N and/alone or with

inadequate P and K application leading to mining ofnative soil P and K and distortion in the N:P:K ratio.

Continued practice of intensive cropping system likerice-wheat with high yielding varieties even underrecommended N:P:K use, impoverishing soils ofmicronutrients.

Use of high analysis fertilizer and inadequate additionof organic manures resulting in wide spreaddeficiencies of micronutrients.

Fertilizer application mostly not based on soil-testvalues.

Inadequate availability of appropriate kind of fertilizersat the right time.


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STRATEGY54

To attain N:P:K ratio of 4:2:1.

To promote integrated nutrient management.

To enhance the soil productivity.

To improve the physical condition of soil.

To increase fertilizer use efficiency.

To promote application of balanced nutrients

on the basis of soil test to achieve targetedyield.

Projection of Fertilizer Consumption in the


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Projection of Fertilizer Consumption in thenext 3 years

(In MT.)55

Year Urea DAP NPK MOP SSP Total

2009-10 2050000 400000 250000 140000 700002910000

2010-11 2150000 430000 270000 151000 760003077000

2011-12 2350000 500000 290000 163000 82000 3385000


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56

With increased prices of naptha and ammonia in theinternational market, scarcity of phosphatic andpotassic fertilizer was acutely felt in the last twoseasons. \

The reasons are, that the fertilizer companies hadwithdrawn from supplying of imported phosphatic andpotassic fertilizers on their own.

Government of India had asked the StateGovernments to directly import the fertilizers.

The situation calls for identification of an agency toimport and supply phosphatic and potassic fertilizer inorder to maintain steady supply of fertilizers.

Further, the State Government will have to bear thecost of storage, handling, transport and other charges

incidental to fertilizer trade.


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Financial Statement57

Year

Overhead/transportation etc.

(Rs. In Lakhs )

2009-10 1500.00

2010-11 1000.00

2011-12

1000.00

Total

3500.00


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Vermi/NADEP Compost58

An ambitious bio-fertilizer programme isvisualized through vermi and NADEP compost.

A scheme of subsidizing vermi compost

production in the State is already beingimplemented. It is proposed to substantiallyincrease the coverage.



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Physical and FinancialRequirement

59

Items/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Physical (No.) 18000 24000 24000 66000

Financial

requirement

(Rs. Lakh)

5400 7200 7200 19800

Integrated Nutrient


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Integrated NutrientManagement

60

To add and revive the soil fertility of the farmapplication of bio- fertilizer is required.

Bio-fertilizers i.e. Blue- Green algae & azolla in

the Rice and azotobacter, PSB, VAM, greenmanuring etc. may be promoted among thefarmers on subsidy @ Rs. 500.00/hectare.



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Physical and FinancialRequirement

61

Items/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Physical

(area in lakh

ha.)

2 3 4 9

Financial

requirement

(Rs. Lakh)

1000 1500 2000 4500


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Distribution of Micronutrients62

Items/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Physical 3 4 5 12

(area in lakh

ha.)

Fund (Rs.

Lakh)

1500 2000 2500 6000

To replenish the deficiency of soilmicronutrients namely Zinc, boron etc. an

assistance @ 50% of the cost of the

micronutrients (maximum Rs. 500.00 /hect.) isproposed to be given to the farmers.

Application of


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Application ofGypsum/Pyrites

63

Items/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Physical (area

in lakh ha.)

3 3.5 4 10.5

Financial

requirement

(Rs. Lakh)

1500 1750 2000 5250

Soil survey done by Rajendra Agriculture University,Pusa has identified 24 districts having soil with alkaline

reaction and 3 districts having acidic reaction. Farmers

of these districts will be incentivised to use gypsum

and pyrites to correct the soil reaction and physical

condition of the soil. Farmers will be extended an

assistance @ Rs. 500/hac.

CROP PROTECTION Plant


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CROP PROTECTION Plant

Protection Centres64

Items/Year 2009-

10

2010-11 2011-12 Total

Financial

requirement

(Rs. In Lakhs )

1650.0 1650.0 3300.00

At present the P.P. centres numbering 324 are proposed tobe operationalized through PPP mode.

There is a need for covering all the blocks of the State.

These centres will also be used for distributing bio-origin

pesticides at subsidized rates to farmers.

reng en ngo o ea S


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g gInfrastructure: Soil TestingLaboratory65

Items/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 TotalSoil testing lab. At

block level

165 165 330

(in number)

Establishment cost

(Rs. Lakh)

2475.00 2475.00 4950.00

Recurring

expenditure (Rs.

Lakh)

453.75 453.75 1361.25

Financial

requirement (Rs.

Lakh)

2943.75 2943.75 5887.5

Soil analysis of the farmers field is the most important tool for making a micro-farmplan. The knowledge of pH, E.C., availability of essential nutrients, water holding

capacity etc. of the soil helps to application of judicious use of fertilizer, bio- fertilizer,

soil amendment etc. which ultimately give the maximum return on per unit cost of

basic inputs.

Ph S i L b


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Phyto-Sanitory Laboratory66

Export of goods of agriculture produce needsPhyto-sanitized. Existing Phyto-sanitory Labare proposed to be further strengthened.

Fund required for the Phyto-sanitory Labs in2009-10- Rs 50.00 Lakh.


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FARM MECHANIZATION


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FARM MECHANIZATION68

To introduce improved implements and machines for differentagricultural practices the strategy is to distribute farmimplements on subsidized cost.

It is proposed to give 50% subsidy on power tiller, zero tillmachine, rotavator, combine harvester, paddy transplanter,conoweeder, reaper, sugarcane cutter planter, land levellerand other modern and improved implements.

For tractor and some specified instrument subsidy will be25%.

Agricultural implements workshop established at Patna, Ara,Purnea, Muzaffarpur for repair of farm implements and also

for the training of the extension officers are in a dilapidatedcondition. The renovation work will involve repair of buildinginfrastructure and purchase of new equipment.

Financial Requirement for Farm


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Financial Requirement for FarmMechanization (Rs. In Lakhs)

69

Sl.No.

Component Year Total

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

1 Subsidy on

implements

8800 9000 10000 27800

2 Renovation of

workshop

50 - - 50

2A. Purchase of

Implements for

workshops

70 70

Total 8920 9000 10000 27920

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY


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TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGYAND EXTENSION

70

Important components of transfer of technology: It is proposed to establish 'schools', in farmer's fields.

Farmers will be tutored on prescribed farmingpractices by trained personnel in their fields.

Demonstration of various technologies and

Exposure visits of farmers to other states.

The flagship scheme of agricultural extension of thestate, the Kisan Samman Yojana, would be furtherstrengthened ,

At block level, use of I.T. in agriculture is proposed tobe enhanced through establishment of e-kisanbhavans, which will also have soil-testing laboratories,farmer information centre etc.

Award to Progressive Farmers

Officers training at Rajendra Agriculture University,Pusa

The Physical Programme for Transfer of Technologies


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y g g

71

Sl

No. Component Year Total2009-10 2010-11 2011-121. Farmers filed school 3000 4000 5000 120002. Farmers training on Crop production 6000 8000 8471 22471

2.A Farmers training on Farmmechanization

2000 2000 2000 60003. Demonstration on3A Seed Production technology 8000 10000 10000 280003 B Integrated Nutrient Management 8471 8471 8471 254133 C. Demonstration on Crop Production 25413 33884 42355 1016523 D. Demonstration on 3000 3000 3000 90003 E Demonstration on Hybrid Rice 10000 10000 10000 300004. Exposure Visit 1200 1400 1600 42005.

Officers Training 200

300

300

800

5 A. Training of facilitators 1000 1200 1200 3400

6 Kisan Samman Yojna 10690 10690 10690 32070


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73/101

73

This strategy for agriculture extension with time-bound targetswould require an efficient administrative delivery system.

Panchayat Level Presence: Taking into account thepopulation of farmers, for effective extension work, should bedeployed at Panchayat level.

Block Level: To execute the different programmes effectivelyan establishment of separate Block Agriculture DevelopmentOfficer along with subordinate Agriculture officers dependingon the no of Panchayats in the Block to be set up.

All Block Agriculture Development officers will operate underthe direct control of the District Agriculture officers. District

Agriculture officer in the district should be assisted by expertofficers in different fields.

As short-term measures, to meet the personnel needs ofextension work para-extension workers is proposed to bedeployed through ATMA. An honorarium of Rs. 5000 permonth is proposed to be given to these workers.

AGRICULTURE EXTENSION

FINANCIAL IMPLICATION FOR


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C C O O

PARA EXTENSION WORKERS74

Items/Year 2009-10 20011-12 Total

Financial

requirement ( Rs. In

Lakhs)

5082.60 5082.60 10165.20

E Ki Bh


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E- Kisan Bhavan75

For each block headquarters, a Kisan Bhawan isvisualized that would work as

Farmer Information and advisory Centre.

Soil testing lab

Training centre. Dormitory for farmers

Plant protection centre.

I.T. and market intelligence centre.

Agriculture Machinery bank for custom-hiring.

Weather information

Administration wing (BADOs ) office.

IMPLICATION FOR E KISAN


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IMPLICATION FOR E- KISANBHAVAN76

Items/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

E-Kisan

Bhawan(in number)

166 165 165 496

E-Kisan

Bhawan

(Rs. lakh)

4843.50 4125.00 4125.00 13093.50

INTEGRATED FARMING


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MODEL77

Sl. No. Item 2009-10 2010-11 2011-2012 Total

1. Area under

Integrated

farming(Acres)

50000 100000 150000 300000

2. Financial

requirement (Rs.

In Lakhs)

150.00 300.00 450.00 900.00

Indian Council of Agricultural Research has developed a one acre model of IntegratedFarming Model which on adoption ensures higher income to farmers. This model is based

on farming system approach which incorporates different enterprises viz. crop production,

animal rearing and fisheries.

Integrated Farming ensures optimal utilization of resources as the waste of one enterprise

becomes a useful input for the other enterprise. Therefore the cattle dung is used as the

fertilizing material for fish pond and for the crop production.

Bihar agriculture which is predominantly small farm agriculture offers huge promise for

increasing the income of farmers.

In order to popularize the model it is proposed to incentives farmers for its adoption. For

one acre a support of Rs. 3000 is proposed .

SOIL & WATER CONSERVATIONACTIVITIES


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ACTIVITIESIN RAINFED AREAS78

Priority is to be given to the holistic and sustainable development ofrainfed areas based on watershed approach. For development ofthese rainfed areas programmes like construction of Waterharvesting structure, Earthen Check Dam are to be taken besidesdry land horticulture and agro forestry activities.

Construction of Water Harvesting Structures: At the rate of Rs.

1.00 lakh per structure, 2200 water harvesting structures areproposed to be constructed.

Silt Detention Dams: Dams are essential to prevent siltation ofwater bodies. At the rate of Rs. 91,300.00 per structure, 1108structures are proposed to be constructed.

Earthen Check Dam: At a unit cost of Rs. 12,300.00 per structure,

5280 structures are proposed to be constructed. Dryland Horticulture and Agro-forestry: At Rs. 15,000.00 per

hectare, about 4000 hectares of degraded land is proposed to bebrought under this scheme.

Physical Targets


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Physical Targets79

Sl. Items 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

No.

1 Water harvesting tanks

(structure)

600 600 400 1600

2 Silt detention dams(structure) 300 260 248 808

3 Earthen Check dam

(structure)

1320 1320 1320 3960

4 Dry land horticulture

(Hectare)

520 524 520 1564

5 Agro-forestry (Hectare) 480 480 480 1440

Financial Requirements


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Financial Requirements80

Sl.No.

Items Financial requirement (Rs. Lakh)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

1 Water harvesting tanks

(structure)

600 600 400 1600

2 Silt detention dams

(structure)

273.9 237.38 226.42 737.7

3 Earthen Check dam

(structure)

162.36 162.36 162.36 487.08

4 Dry land horticulture

(Hectare)

78 78.6 78 234.6

5 Agro-forestry 72 72 72 216

Total 1186.26 1150.34 938.78 3275.38

MICRO IRRIGATION


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(Drip & Sprinkler Irrigation System)81

It is envisaged to bring an area of 2,00,000 ha under drip andsprinkle irrigation systems covering 534 blocks in 38 districtsinvolving a total project cost of Rs 708 crores. This willempower the farmers with improved technological packageincluding new growing methods, irrigation, fertigation & cropmanagement practices to overcome (or mitigate) the miseryunder unpredictable agricultural and diverse agriculturalconditions.

Use of sprinkler and drip systems will depend on crop

suitability. Initially it is planned to cover one lakh ha eachunder sprinkler and drip irrigation systems.

To impart pre & post harvest technological practices tofarmers so as to grow and produce quality fresh agriculturalcommodities to meet international standards consequentlystretching the market base in addition to the domestic local

Subsidy by the Central & State


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y y

Government82

General Farmers (Small/ Marginal/ SC/ ST/Women): 70%

Maximum amount of subsidy to be paid to afarmer, as under

Sprinkler Irrigation System: Max area of 5 ha andfinancial assistance of up to Rs 50,000.

Drip Irrigation and Micro Sprinklers: Max area of 4 haor Rs 2,00,000.00

In case the farmer installs both sprinkler and dripirrigation systems at his farm the max amount ofsubsidy should be Rs 2,50,000 subject to area limitsprescribed above.

Area Planned Under Different Sectors: (DripIrrigation Systems)


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Irrigation Systems)(Ammount Rs. In Lakhs)

83

Drip Irrigation

systemArea (Ha)

Estimate

d cost

per ha.

( )

Subsidy

Farmers'

share

Total

estimate

d system

cost

( )

GoI

share

(40%)

Present

State

Share

(20%)

Addition

al

State

share

(10%)

Total

Mango, Litchi,

Guava80,000*

0.35 28000 11200 5600 2800 19600 8400

Banana 8,000* 0.90 7200 2880 1440 720 5040 2160

Vegetables 10,000* 1.30 13000 5200 2600 1300 9100 3900

Sugarcane 1,500** 0.90 1350 540 270 135 945 405

Flower culture 500* 1.40 700 280 140 70 490 210

Total 100,000 50,250 20,100 10,050 5,025 35,175 15,075

rea p anne n erSprinkler/Rain Gun/Rain Pot


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Sprinkler/Rain Gun/Rain PotIrrigation System84Sprinkler

/rain pot/

rain gun

Area

(Ha)

Estimate

d cost

per ha.

( Rs. In

Lakh)

Total

estimate

d system

cost

( Rs. In

Lakh)

Subsidy Farmers'

share

GoI

share

(40%)

Present

State

Share

(20%)

Addition

al State

Share

(10%)

Total

Vegetabl

es

4,000 0.35 1400 560 280 140 980 420

Potato 10,000 0.35 3500 1400 700 350 2450 1050

Sugarcane

1,000 0.35 350 140 70 35 245 105

Agricultur

al crops

85000 0.18 15300 6120 3060 1530 10710 4590

Total 100,000 20550 8220 4110 2055 14385 6165

FINANCIAL OUTLAY


85/101

FINANCIAL OUTLAY85

Total Project cost : Rs. 708.00 Crores

Proposed Financial assistance: Rs. 495.60

Crores. Area Planned in the project : 2.0 lakh

hectares.

AGRICULTURE MARKETING


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DEVELOPMENT86

In 2006 Bihar Agricultural Produce Marketing Act,1960, was repealed.

From the time Bihar Agriculture Produce Market(Repeal) Act 2006 became effective, theGovernment of Bihar has been engaged indevising ways and means to address the issues ofensuring that a larger share of the final price goes

to the farmer in the State. This Strategic Plan proposes comprehensive

development of agricultural markets from farms tostate of art terminal markets.

Agricultural Market Development


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Programme87

At the apex of the marketing system in Bihar, there willbe Model Terminal Markets (MTM) that would belinked with Agri-Business Centres (ABCs), Rural Hats(RHs) and On Farm Primary Processing Centres(OFPPCs). The ABCs, RHs and OFPPCs will be

directly marketing agricultural produce but will alsohave the option of linking farmers with the MTMs inthe area.

The comprehensive market infrastructure schemealso propose to make optimum utilization of the assets

of the erstwhile Bihar State Agricultural MarketingBoard. Which has a total of 1324 acres of land in 95markets of Bihar, out of which 54 have developedinfrastructure on them, and were being usedextensively.

Modern Terminal Market


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Modern Terminal Market88

Processes leading to establishment of a MTM near Patna are underprogress.

MTMs in the State may be set up at Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Bhagalpurand Gaya Divisions.

The market will be equipped with cool chain, electronic grading,electronic auction, ripening chambers, colour vision system, qualitystation, spot commodity trading, laboratory for testing andcertification, banking support, cash spot payment through ATMs tothe growers, information kiosk and one-stop shopping for inputs,agri-clinic and extension services.

The MTM will be supported by Collection Centres and would alsohave adequate backward and forward linkages with the producersas well as the consumers.

Looking at the proposed facilities at other MTM locations andinvestment proposed would be around Rs. 100 crore per MTM

Agri Business Centres


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Agri Business Centres89

In order to the development of organisational capabilities and infrastructurefacilities to raise farm incomes, Agri Business Centres (ABCs) will bepromoted in important production belts of Bihar which are expected tobecome central point for forward and backward linkages in the valuechains.

The ABCs will be equipped with infrastructure according to therequirements of target produce and shall undertake various post harvest

treatments to enhance shelf life, segregation of various grades, primaryprocessing, packing and local marketing to get better realisation for thegrowers.

They will also provide market and weather information and soil testingservices. In case of ABCs proposed to be set up in production belts ofpotato and onion; cold storage and warehousing will also be created forshort and long term storage to take advantage of price arbitrage by

deferring sale from peak harvest to lean periods. With the cost of 40 market yard being developed as ABC is estimated

around @ Rs.5.7 crores, the cost would be in the range of Rs. 228 crores.

Rural Hats


90/101

u a ats

90

There are 1500 rural hats in the State of Bihar. A majority ofthese hats comprise only strips of land.

The development of rural hats particularly in regard toavailability of market infrastructure facilities is more relevantin case of fruits and vegetables.

The development of market infrastructure facilities particularlyin the rural areas covering rural hats has become the mostimportant area for triggering processes that would improvefarm-business of fruits and vegetables.

The following five basic minimum physical facilities may berecommended for development in each rural hat: Market

shed, Storage facilities, Covered auction platform Open drying platform, Drinking water facilities

Cost of development of one hat is Rs. 35.0 Lakhs

ON FARM PRIMARY PROCESSING CENTRES(OFPPCs)


91/101

(OFPPCs)

91

The real breakthrough in encouraging value addition and improvingfarm incomes will come by creating facilities for on-farm processingof horticultural produce.

Restricting the post harvest losses can be achieved both throughinputs of technology, and creation of necessary infrastructure.

The interventions planned will accordingly have to begin at the

production (farm) level and continue to the disposal (market) level. On Farm Processing Centre may be a stand alone facility, disposing

off the produce after primary processing at the farm gate itself, or bea feeder point for supplies of the primary processed produce to AgriBusiness Centres / Modern Terminal Markets / Mega Food Parks.

Interventions expected through OFPPCs are Scientific harvesting,

Washing, Sorting and grading, Curing in case of some vegetables,Special Post Harvest Treatments like fumigation / sulphitation,Vermicompost &Plastic Crates

OFPPCs


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OFPPCs92

This low cost facility will consist of a 100 sq.m. covered shed(thatched / corrugated steel sheet roof) with open sides (with wiremesh), for receiving and dispatch, space for special post harvesttreatments, curing, storage of plastic crates with graded / ungradedproduce, grading, etc.

Modern harvesting tools and implements, weighing machine etc. will

also be made available at the facility. Arrangements will also be made for special post harvest treatments,

as mentioned earlier.

It is proposed to set up a total of about 10,000 such On FarmProcessing Centres, a total investment of Rs.120 crores. (200centres per Agri Business Centre).

Besides, 7000 OFPPCs are also being planned to be set up underADB TA 4814-IND in the State. These OFPPCs will facilitate on-farm storage and primary processing facilities with having linkageswith Rural Hats, ABCs and MTMs.

Agricultural Market


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Intelligence93

It is proposed to develop a market intelligencesystem that would disseminate market-related(prices, demand trends etc.), crop related and

risk related information. Online disseminationof data is also considered for which adedicated website will be developed.

CAPACITY BUILDING FORAGRICULTURAL MARKETING


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AGRICULTURAL MARKETINGDEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES94 It is proposed that there should be a State level AgriculturalMarketing Development and Training Institute for training of

government officials, traders, entrepreneurs, farmersrepresentatives etc. The institute would organize training onfollowing aspects:

Agricultural Marketing operations such as grading, sorting,

packaging etc. Marketing development procedures;

Commodity exports, legality and documentation

Marketing intelligence

Entrepreneurship development in agricultural marketing

New technology and machinery uses, marketing infrastructuredevelopment

Agricultural marketing related extension activities

Use of computer and information technology

Food safety and quality issues etc.

Based on various exercises detailed investment plan can beworked out.

Financing Market


95/101

Development95

The State Government proposes to leverageits fixed assets (existing land, building, marketyards etc.,) for financing the scheme. The

main source of funding will be subsidy undervarious Government of India schemes andprivate investment in the form of equity or loan,wherever there are gaps State plan funds will

be used.

PHYSICAL & FINANCIAL OUTLAY FORMARKET DEVELOPMENT


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MARKET DEVELOPMENT

96

S. No. Physical targets (Nos.)

2009-10 20010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Total

1. Modern Terminal

Markets

1 1 1 1 4

2. Agri-Business Centres 20 10 5 5 40

3. Haat 375 375 375 375 1500

4. OFPPC 5000 2000 1500 1500 10000

S. No. Financial requirement (Rs. lakh)

2009-10 20010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Total

1. Modern Terminal

Markets

10000.00 10000.00 10000.00 10000.00 40000.00

2. Agri-Business Centres 11400.00 5700.00 2850.00 2850.00 22800.00

3. Haat 13125.00 13125.00 13125.00 13125.00 52400.00

4. OFPPC 6000.00 2400.00 1800.00 1800.00 12000.00

Total 40525.00 31225.00 27775.00 27775.00 127200.00

CREDIT


97/101

CREDIT97

The key task is to ensure a convergence among creditavailability, effective credit delivery system in keeping withadequate credit absorptive capacity of the farmer.

Availability of credit does not ensure its productive use andincreased production/value addition. This is more importantin the case of small/marginal farmer who is quite often left outbecause of the clout of the influential farmers.

Availability of institutional credit in the agriculture sector in thestate, is still considered to be inadequate and inefficient.

Kisan Credit Card (KCC) is another important medium forincreasing agricultural credit. At present, there are 1.04 crore

landholdings in the State, but till December 2008, only 4.24lakh KCCs have been distributed which is 28% of the target.

To meet the target of crop loans of Rs.30759.33 crore, KCCshave to play a very important role.

Credit Requirements in


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Agriculture98

Sl.

No.

Year Amount (Rs in Crores)

1. 2008-09 5724.68

2. 2009-10 7051.98

3. 2010-11 8517.11

4. 2011-12 9465.56

Total 30759.33

MILESTONES


99/101

MILESTONES99

Enhancement of Crop productivity. Rice 14.86 Qtl/ha to 29.72 Qtl/ha

Wheat 20.55 Qtl/ha to 30.50 Qtl/ha

Maize 26.71Qtl/ha to 35.25 Qtl/ha

Pulses 7.22 Qtl/ha to 10.13 Qtl/ha

Oil seeds 10.32 Qtl/ha to 12.00 Qtl/ha

Sugarcane 455.6 Qtl/ha to 600.00 Qtl/ ha Fruits 109.32 Qtl/ha to 146.05 Qtl/ha

Vegetables 165.92 Qtl/ha to 200.60 Qtl/ha

(Note: Present productivity figures relate to (2006-07 fruits & vegetables 2005-06 targetedfigures relate to 2012).

Enhancement of Crop Intensity from 133% (2004-05) to 161%.

Per capita annual agricultural production to increase from Rs. 661(2004-05) to Rs. 1061.

The land productivity level in value terms to increase from Rs. 7351(2004-05) to Rs. 11799.

Year wise requirement of funds forfi i h S Pl


100/101

financing the State Plan

Year Financial Outlay(Rs. in Lakh)2009-10 101289.502010-11 101979.022011-12 94983.172012-13 27775.00

Total 326026.69

100

101


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Bihar Agriculture