[ ]Bioclimatic Buildings

Roberto LambertsFederal University of Santa Catarina

Laboratório de Eficiência Energética em Edificações

www.labeee.ufsc.br

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Summary

• World construction industry• Un-Sustainable vs. Sustainable development • Sustainable construction• Construction in Brazil• Bioclimatic architecture• Residencial sector• Commercial sector

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World Construction

• The construction is one of the most important economic sectors in the world.

• U$ 3 trillions are expended annually in the world, represent1/10 of the global economy (CICA, 2002).

• It constitutes 30% of the businesses in Europe, 22% in theUSA, 21% in Japan, 23% in the developing countries.

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World Construction

• Buildings consume about 40% of theworld energy, 16% of the drinkingwater, 25% of the forests woods. (UNCHS 1993)

• They are responsible for 50% of theCO2 emissions. (Petrocian, 2001)

• They consume 30-40% of thecountries total energy demand.

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World Energy Consumption

Primary energy consumption

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Mte

p

USA

Canada

Brazil

Germany

Sweden

United Kingdom

Australia

China

Japan

China

USA

Japan

Germany

Brazil

24%

In Brasil 44.1% of the IEO has origin in renewable sources: hydroelectric generation and biomass

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Un-sustainable development

• Exhaustion of the natural resources

• Greenhouse effect• Serious economic results• Increase in the frequency and

violence of hurricanes andtropical storms

• Increase of the sea level• Displacement of population

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Sustainable development

• Ecologically correct• Socially fair• Economically viable

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Sustainable constructions

Beddington Zero Energy Development. 2001. England

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Sustainable constructions

• Use of recycled and renewable materials• Use of materials that incorporate low energy• LCA concept for the materials• Use of certified wood• Water use reduction trough rainwater collection and reuse• Project for low maintenance• Recycling of materials• Reduction of pollutants• Preservation of the environment• Use of green roof• Access to public transportation• Energy efficiency• Bioclimatic architecture

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Construction in Brazil

• In Brazil the construction sector presents problems in part for the lack of regulations and guidelines focoused in economy ofnatural resources and better performance of the buildings.

• More sustainable/bioclimatic architecture is needed and more regulations

• But the context is changing….

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Electrical energy consumption in buildings in Brazil

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Energy Efficiency Law

• 17/10/2001 – Law nº 10.295• National policy of Conservation and Rational Use of Energy -

all the equipment and constructions will have to respectminimum levels of efficiency

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Energy Efficiency in buildings

It’s cheaper TO SAVE energy than TO SUPPLY it !!!!

• Bioclimatic architecture

• Use of renewable energy• Energy efficiency equipments

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Bioclimatic architecture

• Bioclimatic architecture relates the study of the climateapplied to architecture, searching with this to improve theconditions of thermal comfort of the ocupants, through theuse of appropriate project strategies considering the climaticdifferences for each place.

Building Thermal performanceThermal comfortHeating and passive solar coolingDaylightNatural ventilationAdequate shadingBrazilian bioclimatic zoning – NBR 15220-3

CLIMATE + MAN + HABITAT

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Bioclimatic architecture

Climatic data

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Bioclimatic architecture

Project strategies Materials properties

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Residencial sector

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Final use of energy for the residential sector

Chuveiro23% consumo70% saturação

Geladeira33% con.75% sat.

Lâmpadas incandescentes12% consumo100% saturação

Ar condicionado7% consumo6% saturação

Televisão3% consumo

35% saturação

1990

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Brazilian Standard

Thermal Performance of low income houses and brazilian bioclimaticzoning - NBR 15220-3

• INFORMATION FOR EACH ZONE:

• Project strategies for summer and winter

• Openings for ventilation (%)

• Openings shading• Thermal performance

of the materials

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Sustainable house

ELETROSUL

Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

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Sustainable house

• Project developed withsystems and solutions for the maximum energy efficiency and thermal comfort integrated to thearchitectural project.

Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

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Sustainable house

• Implemented technologies:

• Bioclimatic adaptation• Fotovoltaic energy• Passive strategies of air conditioning• Solar water heating.

Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

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Sustainable house

• Strategies: • Solar orientation• Crossed ventilation. • Solar shading• Use of local materials with less

environmental impact. • Double glass for windows with

blinds

Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

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Sustainable house

• Rescue of solutions of thevernacular architecture: use ofthe wood stove, heating theinterior of the house in winter.

• Concentration of the wet area on the west side.

• Treatment of effluents• Use of solar water heating. • Accesibilility for people with

special needs.

Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

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Commercial sector

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Electrical Energy end use in offices

EscritóriosIL = 50 %AC = 34 %

BancosIL = 52 %AC = 34 %

RestauranteIL = 20 %AC = 7 %

Shoppings CentersIL = 49 %AC = 34 %

Lojas do varejoIL = 76 %AC = 12 %

OficinasIL = 56 %AC = 4 %

Posto de gasolina

IL = 43 %

Serviços pessoaisIL = 9 %AC = 3 %Mercearias

IL = 25 %AC = 2 %

1990

Média do setor:IL = 44 %AC = 20 %Eq = 36%

Média do setor:IL = 44 %AC = 20 %Eq = 36%

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Electrical Energy end use in offices

1990

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Variables that influence the energy consumption

Architecture

Lighting

Equipments

Ocupation

Infiltration/

Ventilation

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ArchitecturalShading

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Lighting

Daylight integration

Example:

T5 - 28W

2.900 lm

103,6 lm/W

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Internal load: Equipments

Energy Saver

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Edifício

INMETRO

Regulation for a label of energy efficiency level for commercial andpublic buildings

Regulations and CertificationAproved in september 2006

• 1. Terminology• 2. Introduction• 3. Lighting system• 4. Conditioning system of air• 5. Building envelope• 6. Simulation

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Sustainable commercial building

• Strategies:• Energy

efficiency• Water

efficiency• Materials and

resources• Indoor

environmental quality

Project Primavera Green Office – Florianópolis

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Primavera Green Office

Strategies

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Energy efficiency in buildings

• Efficient building envelope-bioclimatic

• Efficient equipment• Efficient User

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Sustainability?

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We have to change......