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AN INTRODUCTION TO THE BRAUN BLANQUET PROCEDURE MOB7432011
Marthie KempCentre for Environmental ManagementUFS
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEMueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H (1974)In
1928 and again in 1932, J. Braun-Blanquet (Zrich Montpellier School
of Phytosociology) first published two books on the science of
phytosociology and changed the study of plant ecology in
Europe.Phytosociology was introduced in South Africa by Werger in
1973 and since used by many plant-ecologists.The method is
descriptive and classifying in nature.
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SOME TERMINOLOGYRelev:A relev is a list of species observed in a
quadrant together with estimates of their abundance/dominance and
cover (Janos 2006)Cover: Measurement of the area covered by
above-ground part of a plant of a species (Bullock
1996)Abundance:Measurement of density (Number of grasses in a
plot)Species Composition:Assemblage of plant species in a
plotRichness:The number of different plant species occurring in
plot
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEANALYTIC PHASE
SYNTHETIC PHASE
Mueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H (1974)
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEANALYTIC PHASEReconnaissance of study
areaHomogenous*Characteristic Relev size* (Plot size)Environmental
Factors
SYNTHETIC PHASE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEBraun Blanquet Cover-abundance
scale:
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEBraun Blanquet Cover-abundance
scale:
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEBraun Blanquet Cover-abundance
scale:r++5555555554444443332b2b2a2a12b2b313
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEANALYTIC PHASEReconnaissance of study
areaHomogenousCharacteristic Relev sizeEnvironmental Factors
SYNTHETIC PHASETURBOVEG (Hennekens 1996)TWINSPAN (Hill
1979a);JUICE (Trichy & Holt 2006)MegatabDecorana
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEDESCRIPTION OF COMMUNITIES:Diagnostic
speciesUniqueDominant speciesHigh abundance
Associated with environmental factors
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEThe hierarchical classification of the
53 relevs, 5 communities, 4 subcommunities and 3 variants in which
Acacia karroo is dominant, are:
1.Cyperus rupestris Cynodon dactylon Community1.1Ledebouria
luteola Digitaria eriantha Sub-community1.2Berkheya onopordifolia
Cynodon dactylon Sub-community2.Setaria sphacelata Acacia karroo
Community3.Diospyros lycioides Rhus pyroides Community3.1Salsola
glabrescens Cynodon hirsutus Sub-community3.2Sphaeralcea
bonariensis Eragrostis curvula Sub-community 3.2.1Setaria
verticillata Variant3.2.2Phyla nodiflora Variant3.2.3Asparagus
laricinus Variant4.Eragrostis lehmanniana Acacia karroo
Community5.Eragrostis trichophora Eragrostis curvula Community
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LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION
A Temperate Grassland Biome (Global)B Grassland Biome (SA,
Lesotho & Swaziland)C Bioregions Gh Dry Highveld Grassland
BioregionD Vegetation UnitsDrakensberg GrasslandDry Highveld
Grassland E Gh 7 Winburg Grassy Shrubland E Gh 8 Bloemfontein
Karroid ShrublandMesic Highveld GrasslandSub-Escarpment
Grassland
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUE
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BRAUN BLANQUET TECHNIQUEJust an example
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BIOGRAPHYBullock J (1996) Plants In: Sutherland WJ (Ed) (1996)
Ecological census Techniques. A Handbook. Cambridge University
Press, United KingdomHennekens SM (1996a) MEGATAB A visual editor
for phytosociological tables. Giesen and GeurtsHennekens SM (1996b)
TURBO(VEG) Software package for input, processing and presentation
of phytosociological data. Users guide. University of LancasterHill
MO (1979a) TWINSPAN A FORTRAN Program for arranging multivariate
data in an ordered two-way table by classification of the
individuals and attributes. Department of Ecology and Systematics,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New YorkHill MO (1979b) DECORANA A
FORTRAN Program for detrended correspondence analysis and
reciprocal averaging. Department of Ecology and Systematics,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New YorkJanos P (2006) Braun Blanquets
legacy and data analysis in vegetation science. Journal of
Vegetation Science, 17: 113 - 117Kent M, Coker P (1992) Vegetation
description and analysis: A practical approach. John Wiley and
Sons, New York, pp1 275. ISBN 0-4719-4810-1Mucina L, Rutherford MC
(2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland.
Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute,
Pretoria Mueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H (1974) Aims and methods of
vegetation ecology. John Wiley Sons, New York, pp 10 66. ISBN
0-4716-2291-5Mller ME (2002) The phytosociology of the central Free
State. M.Sc Dissertation. University of the Free StateTricky L,
Holt J (2006) JUICE Program for management, analysis and
classification of ecological data. Program Manual. Masaryk
University Brno.
