BYZANTINEBYZANTINEEMPIREEMPIRE

CHAPTER 11

DID ROME REALLY FALL???DID ROME REALLY FALL???

The Western Roman Empire crumbled in the 5th century when Germanic tribes overran Rome

However, the Empire had been split into East & West

The Capital had been moved East to Byzantine…later to be renamed Constantinople

The Eastern half of the Empire would live on for nearly 1000 years afterwards & Rome’s glory would live on!

DID ROME REALLY FALL???DID ROME REALLY FALL???

““THE CITY”THE CITY” Constantinople was important for a Constantinople was important for a

number of reasonsnumber of reasons The Center of TradeThe Center of Trade The Center of CultureThe Center of Culture The Center of the Government & The Center of the Government &

ReligionReligion

Shipping from MediterraneanShipping from Mediterranean

Trade from the Middle EastTrade from the Middle East

Trade from EuropeTrade from Europe

Trade from AsiaTrade from Asia

““THE CITY”THE CITY” Strategically located on the Bosporus Strategically located on the Bosporus

Strait. It was a THRIVING trading port.Strait. It was a THRIVING trading port. Constantinople became known as the Constantinople became known as the

“Golden Horn”.“Golden Horn”.

““THE CITY”THE CITY” Because it was so centrally located,

everyone had to go through Constantinople The Russians did not have a name for

Constantinople, they simply called it “THE CITY”

Trade from EuropeTrade from Europe

Shipping from MediterraneanShipping from Mediterranean

Trade from AsiaTrade from Asia

Trade from the Middle EastTrade from the Middle East

CHRISTIANITY IN ROME!!!CHRISTIANITY IN ROME!!!

In 313 A.D. Emperor Constantine ends the persecution of Christians after his stunning victory at Milvian Bridge

In 380 A.D. Theodosius makes it the OFFICIAL religion of the Empire

Constantine sees a Cross in the sky & has his soldiers baptized

Development of Orthodox Christianity

The Christian Church started to worship different in the East than it did the West. . . .

Eastern Christianity built its heritage on the works of early Church fathers.

Saint Basil around 357, wrote rules for the life of monks.

A POLITCAL STRUGGLEA POLITCAL STRUGGLE

The issue in the Christian Church at The issue in the Christian Church at this time is about this time is about powerpower Who has Who has power and over whom?power and over whom?

In the East the Patriarch bowed to In the East the Patriarch bowed to the Emperor / In the West the Pope the Emperor / In the West the Pope believed he had authority over believed he had authority over Emperor and the PatriarchEmperor and the Patriarch

A POLITCAL STRUGGLE A POLITCAL STRUGGLE

Saint John ChrysostomSaint John Chrysostom

The Patriarch of The Patriarch of Constantinople from Constantinople from 398 to 404, he 398 to 404, he recognized the recognized the supremacy of the supremacy of the Byzantine emperor Byzantine emperor and bowed to him.and bowed to him.

GREAT SCHISM The issue of

Icons helped split the Eastern and Western Churches

Icons are religious images used to aid in worship

A POLITCAL STRUGGLEA POLITCAL STRUGGLE

Emperor Leo IIIEmperor Leo III•Viewed the use of Viewed the use of icons as idol worship. icons as idol worship. •730 - banned the use 730 - banned the use of icons. of icons.

•This is going to This is going to start a MAJOR start a MAJOR conflict between the conflict between the East & the West.East & the West.

ICONOCLASMICONOCLASM

This is the deliberate This is the deliberate destruction of Icons of destruction of Icons of religious symbolsreligious symbols

This comes from a This comes from a literal interpretation of literal interpretation of the 10 the 10 Commandments, Commandments, which says that men which says that men should not make any should not make any “graven images”“graven images”

GREAT SCHISM The other issue that

led to a split in the church was that of “PAPAL AUTHORITY” or simply put…Did the Pope (West) have Authority over the patriarchs (bishop) in the East

TIMELINE OF THE SCHISM 730 – Emperor Leo III bans the use of icons

People respond with riots The Pope (West) excommunicates the

Byzantine Emperor 843 – Empress Theodora restores the icons 1054 – the Pope (West) & the patriarch (East)

excommunicate each other The Eastern / Western Split of the Christian

Church becomes the Great Schism

SCHISM

CHRISTIANITY TODAY

WEST EAST

ROMAN CATHOLICISM

PROTESTANTS

BAPTIST, METHODIST, PENETCOSTAL, CHURCH OF GOD, MORMON, CHURCH OF CHRIST, PRESBRYTERIAN, ETC. ETC. ETC.

EASTERN ORTHODOXY

COMPARISIONCOMPARISION

Look at p. 305 & Fill in the blanks on the churches listed below

Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church Eastern OrthodoxEastern OrthodoxSimilaritiesSimilarities